Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mondes possibles

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Mondes possibles'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 April 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Mondes possibles"

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Pijaudier-Cabot, Louis. "Les mondes possibles de Malebranche et Leibniz." Revue de métaphysique et de morale N° 120, no. 4 (November 14, 2023): 477–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rmm.234.0477.

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Malebranche et Leibniz affirment que Dieu a créé le meilleur des mondes possibles. Mais ces mondes possibles remplissent des fonctions argumentatives sensiblement différentes dans leurs théodicées respectives. S’ils s’accordent tous deux pour définir l’ordre d’un monde par la généralité de volontés divines, ils ont toutefois des conceptions distinctes de son unité. Les mondes malebranchiens peuvent exister dans le même espace alors que la maximalité des mondes leibniziens empêche une telle possibilité. Ces deux modes de composition des mondes règlent différemment le choix divin. Ainsi, les mondes malebranchiens visent uniquement à prouver la perfection de ce choix, tandis que les mondes leibniziens permettent également d’en démontrer la liberté et la contingence.
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Ferrer, Daniel. "Mondes possibles, mondes fictionnels, mondes construits et processus de genèse." Genesis, no. 30 (June 20, 2010): 109–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/genesis.127.

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Marcoin, Francis. "Problèmes de lecture : mondes possibles, textes possibles." Repères 70, no. 1 (1986): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/reper.1986.1881.

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Fournet-Guérin, Catherine. "Le pire des mondes possibles." Géographie et cultures, no. 62 (July 1, 2007): 132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/gc.2402.

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Rousselet, Micheline. "Le Pire des mondes possibles." Idées économiques et sociales N° 151, no. 1 (2008): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/idee.151.0079.

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Chauvier, Stéphane. "Les possibles sans les mondes." Cahiers de philosophie de l’Université de Caen, no. 42 (December 15, 2005): 147–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/cpuc.2076.

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Segre, Cesare. "Mondes possibles et mondes prophétiques dans le roman de Kafka." Bulletin de la Classe des lettres et des sciences morales et politiques 6, no. 1 (1995): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/barb.1995.22962.

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Pierre, Hervé. "Bâtir le meilleur des mondes possibles." Revue Défense Nationale N° 829, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rdna.829.0059.

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Lyons, J. D. "La Theorie litteraire des mondes possibles." French Studies 65, no. 4 (September 20, 2011): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/knr157.

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Schmutz, Jacob. "Qui a inventé les mondes possibles ?" Cahiers de philosophie de l’Université de Caen, no. 42 (December 15, 2005): 9–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/cpuc.2061.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mondes possibles"

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Gandelman-Terekhov, Vera. "Echecs et mondes possibles." Limoges, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIMO2007.

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En s'appuyant sur la théorie des mondes possibles développée en particulier par Thomas Pavel, cette thèse analyse divers aspects du jeu d'échecs dans les oeuvres de Lewis Carroll, Stefan Zweig, Vladimir Nabokov, Georges Perec ainsi que dans celles plus récentes de Arturo Reverte, Patrick Séry et Paolo Maurensing. La partie d'échecs se construit par la tension entre deux adversaires qui envisagent, chacun dans le secret, toutes les possibilités contenues à chaque étape du jeu. Chaque mouvement sur l'échiquier représente un monde possible parmi un ensemble de virtualités tendant vers l'infini. Dans ce parcours labyrinthique, le joueur d'échecs se fraie un passage entre ce que Thomas Pavel appelle l'actualisable et l'actualisé. Dans cette interaction et collision de mondes, le joueur d'échecs est la métaphore de l'artiste élaborant son oeuvre.
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Benedetti, Jacopo. "Alternatives pertinentes et mondes possibles entre invariantisme et contextualisme : une perspective sceptique." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL168.

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Une nouvelle tentative pour faire face au défi sceptique est menée depuis une quarantaine d’années. Cette tentative repose sur une théorie de la connaissance centrée sur la notion d’alternatives pertinentes. La thèse se propose de montrer les faiblesses de cette théorie, même lorsqu’elle s’appuie sur l’appareillage des mondes possibles, et suggère que le scepticisme demeure la meilleure position épistémologique. Dans le premier chapitre on passe en revue une série de difficultés liées au sujet des alternatives pertinentes et l'on essaye d'argumenter en faveur de l'idée qu'il n'y a peut-être pas, finalement, de moyens en quelque sorte objectifs pour établir quelles sont les alternatives pertinentes relativement à une situation quelconque. À partir du deuxième chapitre, il est procédé à une analyse critique des tentatives de certains auteurs qui se sont servis, pour élaborer leurs propres conceptions bien précises, du langage des mondes possibles. Dans le deuxième chapitre, l'on se concentre surtout sur la question du degré de proximité qu'un monde possible donné doit exhiber pour être considéré comme suffisamment proche du monde actuel et l'on essaye de montrer qu'il n’est probablement pas possible de tracer d'une manière non arbitraire une ligne de démarcation entre ces mondes possibles qu’on peut ignorer et ceux qu’on ne peut ignorer dans nos attributions de connaissance. Dans le troisième chapitre, l'on se concentre surtout sur la question des critères qui devraient guider nos évaluations de proximité et l'on essaye de montrer le caractère discutable de n'importe quelle règle visant à établir quels seraient ces critères-là
Over the last forty years, a new attempt to answer to the skeptic challenge has been proposed. This attempt is based on a theory of knowledge, which is grounded on the notion of relevant alternative. My dissertation aims to show the problems of such a theory, even when formulated in terms of possible worlds, and suggests that in the end skepticism remains the best epistemological option. In the first chapter, I will offer a discussion of the issue of relevant alternatives, and I will argue in favor of the idea that perhaps there are no objective criteria to establish which are the relevant alternatives with respect to a certain given situation. In the second chapter, I will propose a critical analysis of the attempts of some philosophers to formulate their own proposals in the language of possible worlds. In particular, I will focus on the issue of the proximity degree that a certain possible world must have in order to be considered as sufficiently closed to the real world, and I will try to show that perhaps it is not possible to draw a sharp line of demarcation between those possible worlds that we can ignore and those that we must take into account in our attribution of knowledge. In the third chapter, I will critically discuss the criteria that should guide our evaluations about proximity, and I will show the problematic aspects of any rule aimed to establish which these criteria in effect should be
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Gaulin, Pascale. "Quelques mondes possibles ; suivi de Dialogue avec la poésie de René Char." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36694.pdf.

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Marpeau, Elsa. "Les narrations dramatiques : imagination et mondes possibles de la comédie (1629-1663)." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100114.

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Le récit dans la comédie des années 1630-1660 se présente comme une fonction exploratoire. D'abord, les narrations explorent les limites des interdits posés par les poétiques du XVIIe siècle, en contournant les impératifs d'unification, de bienséance et de vraisemblance. En contournant ainsi les règles, elles introduisent une discontinuité de la réception. Elles explorent en effet les frontières de l'intrigue scénique, en donnant à imaginer d'autres histoires ou d'autres personnages possibles, qui concurrencent la fin traditionnelle de la comédie. Par là, elles explorent également les frontières mêmes du genre, en introduisant des séquences génériquement hétérogènes à la comédie. Ainsi compensent-elles le relatif silence théorique, en confrontant au sein même du texte dramatique une intrigue visible comique avec des épisodes narratifs tragiques, romanesques ou épiques. Les récits offrent donc à la comédie une esthétique du contrepoint (théorique, dramaturgique, générique)
The narrative in the comédies during the period 1630-1660 has an exploratory function. First of all, the narratives explore the limits set by the poetics of the XVIIe century, by circumventing the impératives of unification, rules of etiquette and of plausibility. By going around the rules in this way. They introduce a discontinuity in perception. They explore the boundaries of stage intrigue, by offering the possibility of other stories or characters, that compete with the traditional endings in comedies. Through this, they equally explore the very limits of the genre by inserting sequences that are generically heterogeneous to comedies. In this manner, they compensate for the theoretical silence by confronting within the drama itself a visible comic intrigue with tragic, romanesque or epic narrative episodes. Therefore, these narratives endow the comedies with the aesthetics of the counterpoint (theoretical, dramatic, generic)
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Romagnoli, Bethonico Marina. "IMAGE-FICTION, IMAGE-ACTION. Mise en jeu de la photographie contemporaine entre théorie des mondes possibles et théorie des actes d’image." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030034.

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Cette recherche porte sur la possibilité d’une application des théories des mondes possibles aux arts visuels. Une introduction à cet univers théorique est d’abord présentée, à partir des textes fondateurs, ainsi que son application dans les études littéraires, jusqu’au contexte des arts visuels. Une introduction aux théories des actes de langage est également réalisée, pour arriver au champ des actes d’image. À travers un corpus hétérogène, composé de photographies contemporaines produites par des artistes de diverses nationalités, les catégories d’image-fiction et d’image-action sont développées, articulant une théorie des mondes possibles visuels. La dynamique existante entre l’image, l’artiste et le spectateur, déclenchée par ces deux types d’image, est ensuite analysée par le biais de la théorie des actes d’image. À partir d’une méthode de recherche théorique et imagétique basée sur la pensée complexe, on explore l'idée d'une transmission des "manières de faire monde", qui émerge d'une image-fiction active proposant un jeu d’image. L'hypothèse travaillée est que l’acte d’auto-dénonciation de l’image-fiction permet au spectateur de trouver des pistes de la manipulation de l’image, instaurées par le "fingere" de l’artiste. Finalement, l’image-fiction – produite, manipulée – fait acte de simulation d’un fragment de monde possible au moment où elle présente d’autres versions pour le monde des phénomènes, pour l’histoire et pour les individus. Ainsi, elle ouvre des voies de la fiction vers l’action, invitant le spectateur à la construction de nouveaux contextes collectifs dans l’actualité
This research focuses on the possibility of applying the theories of possible worlds to the visual arts. First, an introduction to this theoretical universe is presented, starting from its foundational texts, as well as its application in literary studies, to the context of the visual arts. An introduction to speech act theories is also provided, in order to arrive at the field of image acts. Through a heterogeneous corpus, composed of contemporary photographs produced by artists of various nationalities, the categories of image-fiction and image-action are developed, articulating a theory of visual possible worlds. The dynamics between the image, the artist and the viewer, triggered by these two types of images, are then analyzed through the theory of image acts. Starting from a theoretical and image-based research method founded on complex thought, we explore the idea of a transmission of "ways of worldmaking", which emerges from an active image-fiction proposing an image play. The hypothesis worked on is that the act of self-denunciation of the image-fiction allows the viewer to find trails of the image’s manipulation, initiated by the artist's "fingere". Finally, the image-fiction – produced, manipulated – enacts a simulation of a fragment of a possible world as it presents other versions for the world of phenomena, for history and individuals. In this way, it opens up paths from fiction towards action, inviting the viewer to construct new collective contexts in the present
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Thiénot, Cédric. "Logique pseudo-intuitionniste." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066651.

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Allouche, Sylvie. "Philosopher sur les possibles avec la science-fiction : l'exemple de l'homme technologiquement modifié." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010701.

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Si les publications se sont récemment multipliées sur le posthumain, le transhumanisme ou le human enhancement, leurs auteurs nous semblent, même lorsqu'ils mentionnent la science-fiction, passer à côté de la richesse effective du genre. C'est pourquoi ce travail se propose de mettre à l'épreuve l'idée d'une « possibologie », c'est-à-dire d'une méthode d'exploration des possibles fondée sur la science-fiction, et plus largement la « science-spéculation », en l'appliquant à la question du corps humain technologiquement modifié (« anthropotechnologie »). La Première Partie a ainsi pour rôle premier d'examiner la validité de la thèse méthodologique générale, en s'intéressant cependant déjà aux expériences de pensée sur l'identité personnelle, ainsi qu'à l'éventuelle fonction du genre en termes de prospective technologique. Ce n'est qu'en Deuxième Partie que nous appliquons systématiquement la méthode élaborée à l'anthropotechnologie spéculative. Les principaux enjeux philosophiques engagés (humanité et « personnité », corps et esprit, questions éthiques et politiques. . . ) sont alors considérés à travers différentes figures emblématiques (clone, androïde, mutant, surhomme, cyborg, robot) et selon divers niveaux de focalisation et perspectives thématiques (spatiale, militaire, procréative, nanotechnologique. . . ). La Troisième Partie propose enfin de tester l'extension de la méthode, au-delà de l'anthropotechnologie et de la science-fiction, à l'ensemble des mondes fictionnels possibles voire impossibles.
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Cavalcanti, Marcos. "Les mondes possibles dans les systemes de production : un metalangage pour la gestion d'hypotheses et le raisonnement non monotone." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112154.

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Dans cette these nous montrons comment nous pouvons etendre d'une facon conservatrice les systemes de production de facon a etre capable de realiser un raisonnement revocable multihypothese dans un cadre non monotone. Nous avons alors construit un metalangage capable de controler les inferences dans differents mondes. Des metaregles etendent la syntaxe des regles de production: en partie gauche, les mondes ou les conditions sont verifies peuvent etre filtres et, en partie droite, ces mondes peuvent etre desactives, reactives ou etendus par de nouveaux sous-mondes. Ces primitives de monde constituent un atms reflexif. L'implantation repose sur un calcul d'etiquettes integre a l'algorithme rete de filtrage et la reunion de mondes, qui pourrait etre facilement implantee, ne fait volontairement pas partie du langage. En fait, le processus de creation de mondes dans pw-xrete est explicite et totalement controle par l'utilisateur. Dans ce travail nous presentons aussi une formalisation mathematique de la semantique operationnelle de pw-xrete. La semantique logique est une semantique de mondes possibles ou chaque monde correspond a un modele stable de la logique du premier ordre
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Vidal, Mathieu. "Conditionnels et Connexions." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0094.

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Le thème principal de mon travail est l’utilisation de la notion de connexion comme principe explicatif de notre compréhension des phrases conditionnelles. Ces phrases, dont le prototype est « Si A, B », sont considérées comme étant une des bases de la logique formelle mais aucun consensus n’est encore atteint quant à une sémantique décrivant correctement leur emploi dans le langage naturel. J’utilise tout d’abord le concept de connexion et des considérations linguistiques et psychologiques pour obtenir une classification des conditionnels en plusieurs types présentant chacun des propriétés logiques propres. Partant de cette classification, j’obtiens les types différents de conditionnels suivants : inférentiel, nécessaire, biconditionnel, faible, concessif et épistémique ; et leur fournis une sémantique propre. Celle-ci est suppléée par une méthode des tableaux pour les conditionnels inférentiels, nécessaires, biconditionnel et faibles, débouchant sur des preuves de consistance, de complétude et de décidabilité. L’approche développée ici est novatrice car elle permet d’obtenir des systèmes inédits dont les prédictions sont correctes relativement aux inférences constatées dans le langage naturel. Cette analyse est enrichie par d’autres axes. Le premier concerne la modélisation des croyances du locuteur et permet de rendre compte de la différence entre conditionnels indicatifs et contrefactuels. Le second axe prend en compte l’aspect dynamique du discours et offre ainsi une conception des conditionnels emboîtés. Le dernier axe est un renforcement de la notion de connexion permettant d’obtenir une logique connexive et de modéliser la dénégation des conditionnels
The main idea of my work is to use the notion of connection to explain our understanding of the conditional sentences. These sentences, with the general form « If A, B », are considered as a basic block of formal logic but no agreement is actually achieved concerning a correct analysis of their employ in the natural language. First, I use the concept of connection and some linguistic and psychological considerations to obtain a classification of the conditionals in several types with their own logical properties. Starting from this classification, I obtain the following types of conditionals: inferential, necessary, biconditional, weak, concessive and epistemic. Each receives its own semantics. Inferential, necessary, biconditionals and weak conditionals receive also a proof theory, supplied by soundness, completeness and decidability proofs. The approach developed here is new as it allows obtaining singular systems whose predictions are correct relatively to the inferences effectively used in the natural language. This analysis is developed along other lines. The first models the beliefs of the speaker. It allows to give an account of the difference between indicative conditionals and counterfactuals. The second line uses the dynamical aspect of the discourse to offer a design for the embedded conditionals. The last line is a strengthening of the notion of connection, which allows to obtain some connexive logic and to model the denegation of conditionals
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Méry, Daniel. "Preuves et sémantiques dans des logiques de ressources." Nancy 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN10160.

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Les logiques de ressources sont de puissants outils de spécification de propriétés. Dans le cadre d'une théorie mathématique des ressources, nous élaborons des méthodes de preuve qui capturent l'interaction entre les ressources par l'intermédiaire de labels et de contraintes. Nous présentons la logique BI qui, avec son interprétation en termes de partage de ressources, est un noyau commun à beaucoup de logiques de ressources. Nous développons des méthodes de preuve par tableaux et par connexions, avec construction de contre-modèles, pour le fragment cohérent de BI. Nous étendons nos méthodes de preuve à la totalité du fragment propositionnel de BI, dont nous montrons la décidabilité ainsi que la propriété des modèles finis. Nous proposons de nouvelles sémantiques complètes pour BI et spécialisons nos méthodes à la logique intuitionniste et intuitionniste linéaire multiplicative. Nous étudions les variantes affines et booléennes de BI ainsi que la logique des pointeurs
Resource-aware logics are powerful tools for specifying properties. In the context of a mathematical theory of resources, we build proof-search methods which capture the dynamic interactions between resources by means of labels and constraints. We present the BI-logic which, due to its resource-sharing interpretation, appears as the logical kernel of a wide range of resource logics. We develop tableau-based and connection-based proof-search methods, with counter-model generation facilities, for the consistent fragment of BI. We extend our proof methods to the whole fragment of propositional BI, showing that it is decidable and has the finite model property. We propose new complete semantics for BI and specialize ou methods to intuitionistic logic and intuitionistic multiplicative linear logic. We study the affine and boolean variants of BI and their links with the pointer logic
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Books on the topic "Mondes possibles"

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Hintikka, Jaakko. L' intentionnalité et les mondes possibles. [Lille]: Presses universitaires de Lille, 1989.

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Ekeland, I. Le meilleur des mondes possibles: Mathématiques et destinée. Paris: Seuil, 2000.

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Zbaeren, Mathilde. Des mondes possibles, des romans de Jérôme Ferrari. Lausanne: Archipel Essais, 2017.

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TEREKHOV, Véra GANDELMAN. Jeu d'échecs: Littérature et mondes possibles - Perec, Nabokov, Zweig, Lewis Caroll... Paris: Editions L'Harmattan, 2013.

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Fictions & interactions (Paris, France), ed. Fictions secondes: Mondes possibles et figures de l'enchâssement dans les oeuvres artistiques et littéraires. Paris: Éditions de la Sorbonne, 2019.

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Patricio, Arenas, Gutierrez Rosa, and Vallespir Oscar, eds. Salvador Allende, un monde possible. Paris: Syllepse, 2004.

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Lacroix, Jean-Yves. Utopie et philosophie: Un autre monde possible? 2nd ed. Paris: Bordas, 2004.

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Guattari, Félix. Lignes de fuite: Pour un autre monde de possibles. La Tour d'Aigues: Éditions de l'Aube, 2011.

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Guillou, M. J. Le. Chrétien dans le monde!: Est-ce possible aujourd'hui? Paris: Mame, 1992.

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Kintzler, Catherine. L' opera merveilleux a l'age classique: Un monde possible. Paris: Perroquet, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mondes possibles"

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Bouget, Hélène. "Les mondes possibles du Graal : trajectoires de la relique à l’énigme." In Itinéraires et confins, 109–24. Brest: Éditions du CRBC, 2011. https://doi.org/10.4000/13c19.

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Delpierre, Maxime. "Esquisse d’un concept de mondes possibles chez Naṣīr al-dīn al-Ṭūsī." In Raison et quête de la sagesse, 279–316. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.behe-eb.5.123371.

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Smith, Duncan. "Other Possible Corporate Controls." In Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing and Virtual Assets, 47–51. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59842-5_5.

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Sullivan, Kevin. "What Could Possibly Go Wrong?" In Anti-Money Laundering in a Nutshell, 243–54. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/979-8-8688-0066-5_11.

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Salvat, Christophe. "Penser l’éthique transhumaine au prisme de l’éthique humaine : enjeux et limites." In Transhumanisme : de nouveaux droits ?, 51–66. Aix-en-Provznce: DICE Éditions, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/11zbw.

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Le propos de ce chapitre est de s’interroger sur la légitimité morale du transhumanisme. L’investigation éthique de ce mouvement futuriste, pourtant profondément ancré dans notre histoire n’est pas aisée. Elle nous amène à questionner, plus généralement, le rôle et la légitimité des pratiques médicales existantes. Elle nous conduit surtout à repenser la question juste dans un monde où tout devient théoriquement possible.
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Michelet Jacquod, Valérie. "Hors champ : fiction critique, critique-fiction." In Sylvie Germain devant le mystère, le fantastique, le merveilleux, 113–24. Caen: Presses universitaires de Caen, 2015. https://doi.org/10.4000/12vge.

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Les romans de Sylvie Germain, plus particulièrement depuis Magnus, se rapprochent des fictions critiques décrites par Dominique Viart. Situant leurs intrigues dans la société contemporaine, ils en présentent les tendances et les lois occultes, proposent une discussion sur l’historiographie tout en interrogeant les conditions d’une expérimentation du monde par la littérature à travers le statut de lecteur. Or ce statut, tel qu’il apparaît dans Hors champ, invite à passer de la fiction critique à la critique-fiction. Le hors-champ du texte devient alors celui de ses possibles, que l’inexpliqué aiguise.
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Tanaka-Yamawaki, Mieko, and Yumihiko Ikura. "Possible Relationship of the Randomness and the Stock Performance." In Digital Designs for Money, Markets, and Social Dilemmas, 333–46. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0937-5_14.

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Babeau, Andre. "Some Possible Uses of Household Assets Accounts in National Accounting: The Case of American Households." In Markets, Risk and Money, 129–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0780-8_6.

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Damiris, Niklas, and Jan Söffner. "Economies without a currency – money without a culture? Possible futures of a post-banking world." In The Culture of Money, 97–114. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003472643-10.

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Bourdin, Philippe. "Les curiosités à la Criée ou les petits spectacles marseillais sous l’Empire." In Les espaces du spectacle vivant dans la ville, 67–87. Clermont-Ferrand: Presses universitaires Blaise-Pascal, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4000/13r2u.

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À partir de plus de 200 cas de spectacles de curiosités donnés à Marseille sous le Premier Empire, cette contribution réfléchit aux espaces occupés par les artistes pour donner leurs numéros (rues, places, cabarets, maisons particulières). Elle essaie de proposer une sociologie diversifiée des saltimbanques et de leurs spectateurs, d’établir un calendrier des activités. Enfin, elle analyse la vision du monde, de l’humanité, de l’histoire proposée à partir des prouesses aérostatiques ou acrobatiques, des lanternes magiques, des théâtres de cires ou de marionnettes, des promenades d’animaux dressés. Il y a là une mesure possible de ce que les contemporains et les pouvoirs considèrent comme acceptable moralement et socialement.
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Conference papers on the topic "Mondes possibles"

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Videla, Héctor A., Sandra G. Gómez de Saravia, Patricia S. Guiamet, Patricia Allegreti, and Jorge Furlong. "Microbial Degradation of Film-Forming Inhibitors and Its Possible Effects on Corrosion Inhibition Performance." In CORROSION 2000, 1–10. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00386.

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Abstract Organic film-forming inhibitors used in oil and gas production and transport operations could be susceptible to microbial degradation during their use with the consequent loss in efficiency in corrosion inhibition. The performance of one such organic film-forming corrosion formulation to inhibit corrosion of carbon steel was assessed in a simple mineral medium containing 15.0 ppm sodium chloride. The fluid was inoculated with a Pseudomonas fluorescens pure culture or with a mixed culture of sulfate-reducing bacteria. The inhibitor mixture was the sole carbon source in the system. Microbial growth and the corrosion behavior of carbon steel were simultaneously assessed during periods of time ranging between 3 days and 2 months. Linear polarization resistance and corrosion rates were also measured. The degradation products were separated and identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Although a significant microbial growth was confirmed, no reduction in the corrosion inhibition efficacy was found.
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Benoit, Gwenaëlle, Jean Vittonato, Morgan Gouriou, Nicolas Larché, and Denis Melot. "Bare Field Joint for Subsea Pipelines, a Possible Alternative?" In CORROSION 2018, 1–15. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-10841.

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Abstract In the present context of oil price down turn and enhanced competitiveness, cost saving becomes more important than ever. As part of cost reduction solutions in offshore projects, it may be envisaged to leave field joints bare on subsea pipelines instead of applying a field anticorrosion coating after welding of the joints on board the laying vessels. This approach would need to be applied to specific cases, where it would lead to reduction of cycle time and consequently laying rate improvement during offshore installation campaigns when field joint coating activities are on the critical path, like with pipeline J-laying method. Although cathodic protection is an efficient, reliable and field proven method for seawater corrosion prevention on steel exposed areas of subsea coated pipelines, a quantitative assessment of the long term behavior of the pipeline coating at the transition zone with the bare field joint is recommended in order to support such a radical change in the pipeline external corrosion protection philosophy. Therefore, a bespoke experimental setup was designed to simulate bare field joint configuration under cathodic protection over a long term exposure in seawater together with long term cathodic disbondment tests for comparative purpose. The bespoke experimental test was performed at full scale on 3LPE coated pipe section with a field joint area left bare and protected by galvanic anodes. The pipe was immersed in a vessel containing renewed seawater and half-buried in mud to reproduce actual pipelines exposure on seabed. It was heated also with an internal fluid at 65°C to simulate actual operating conditions. Long term cathodic disbondment tests were performed on 3LPE coated pipe samples with internal heating of the samples at 23°C and at 65°C. Reference samples without CP were also exposed to the same conditions. The two experimental works were conducted during 12 months. For each of the tests above, a visual assessment was performed at regular intervals together with a quantitative assessment of the disbonded area (removal and recording of disbonded coating area). With these tests, it was possible to characterize the influence, over the time (up to one year) of the temperature over the normalized cathodic disbondment test results. The effect of the cathodic protection was also evaluated. For the full scale test evaluation and characterization, comparison was made between the disbonded coating length in the mud and the seawater exposure conditions. Correlation between cathodic disbondment tests and full scale test was also drawn. In light of the results obtained so far in this study, these tests results conclude positively that the bare field joint alternative concept for subsea pipelines is possible upon certain operating temperature limitation.
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Dromgool, Mark B. "Dueling Technical Experts." In CORROSION 2009, 1–24. NACE International, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2009-09038.

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Abstract A seemingly increasing number of disputes or arguments relating to coating, lining or corrosion issues culminate in the involvement of a technical expert or consultant. Sometimes, if the parties are serious about their positions or if large sums of money or prestige are at stake, lawyers also get involved. However, the roles that technical experts and lawyers undertake in such disputes often become blurred or indefinite, and this can become problematic or may jeopardise the correct, objective and impartial settlement of the dispute. A lawyer is hired to advocate his client’s position, and too often, the technical expert – possibly in a misguided attempt to provide the best possible service to his client – also assumes, adopts or morphs into an advocacy role, risking his technical credibility. This paper outlines the role and modus operandi that good and effective technical experts should take in disputes, and gives some examples of cases where experts have abandoned their primary roles as fact-finders and fact-interpreters, and have become hired guns or duelists.
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Brousseau, R., B. Baldock, G. Pye, and Ping Gu. "Sacrificial Cathodic Protection of a Concrete Overpass Using Metallized Zinc: Latest Update." In CORROSION 1997, 1–9. NACE International, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1997-97239.

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Abstract Removal of the salt-contaminated concrete, patching and the application of waterproofing membranes are some of the possible treatments that, alone or in combination, have been traditionally used to rehabilitate corrosion-damaged infrastructure. However there are concerns about the effectiveness of only using such approach to mitigate reinforcement corrosion when the concrete is salt contaminated. Sacrificial cathodic protection using metallized zinc coatings is regarded by many as a possible rehabilitation alternative. In order to investigate it, seven reinforced concrete columns of a bridge in Montreal have been flame sprayed with zinc. The zinc anode has delivered adequate levels of cathodic protection for more than 24 months. Although initially the sacrificial current provided by the metallized zinc decreased, it now appears to have stabilized to an acceptable level.
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Presuel-Moreno, Francisco J., and Manzurul Nazim. "Monitoring Rebar Corrosion Propagation Embedded in Concrete." In CORROSION 2017, 1–13. NACE International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2017-09094.

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Abstract As a means to assess achieving intended service life on marine exposed bridge structures, the corrosion propagation stage is being investigated. Corrosion of the steel reinforcement during the corrosion propagation was monitored on selected laboratory specimens for several years and on other specimens for a few months. The specimens were prepared with 5 cm of concrete cover and low water to cementitious (i.e., 0.41) ratio. Chloride was not present initially. An electric field was applied to drive the chlorides and reach the rebar depth until it exceeded the chloride threshold. Linear polarization tests have been monitored for over 4 years on eight specimens, and for a shorter period (approx. six months) on eight other specimens. The on-going study will assist in providing the Florida Department of Transportation with guidance as to how fast the corrosion rate will be at various chloride concentrations for rebars embedded in concrete. With these corrosion rate values, it would be possible to obtain estimations on how long it would take before cracks appear.
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Hansen, Douglas C., H. Brent Bamberger, Vivien F. Fongue, Kevin C. Janek, and Peter Sjöblom. "Seizing of Ti6Al7Nb Orthopedic Constructs in Vitro." In CORROSION 2012, 1–12. NACE International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2012-01549.

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Abstract This study was undertaken to determine if it was possible to reproduce the seizing or galling of locking head screws to the fracture fixation plate in a first generation locking plate system, namely the Less Invasive Stabilization System (LISS) that has been reported in the literature involving Ti alloy plate-screw orthopedic constructs in clinical practice. To better understand the parameters that lead to seizing by galling or other phenomena in these constructs, the phenomena must first be reproduced in vitro. Physical and electrochemical measurements were made in the laboratory on individual LISS plate-screw constructs under near physiological conditions (i.e. at 37° C in fetal bovine serum, FBS) at different torque values for up to 12 month exposures. An identical set of plate-screw constructs were immersed in Hanks Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) and exposed under identical conditions as controls. Preliminary comparison between the two sets of constructs indicate that no galling or thread stripping was detected in either sets of constructs, but seizing did occur on some constructs exposed to the FBS after 9 and 12 months whereas no seizing has been observed in the HBSS exposures to date (3 months). These results suggest that protein adhesion between the plate-screw interface may play a role in the seizing of the construct.
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Davíồsdóttir, Svava, Dagur Ingi Ólafsson, Kolbrún Ragna Ragnarsdóttir, Raja Khan, Sandeep Irukuvarghula, Andri Í. Þórhallsson, and Sæmundur Guồlaugsson. "In-situ Corrosion Testing of ENP-PTFE Coatings in Geothermal Environment." In CORROSION 2021, 1–15. AMPP, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2021-16439.

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Abstract Electroless nickel-phosphorus coatings with PTFE (Ni/P-PTFE) have been reported to have excellent corrosion resistance1. The corrosion behaviour of the Ni/P-PTFE varies depending on the P content in the coating system due to its microstructure. High P (HP) content has been reported to have higher corrosion resistance in acidic environment compared to low P (LP) content due to more amorphous structure2. This work demonstrates the integrity of Ni/P-PTFE top functional coating layer with low and high P content deposited on Ni/P adhesion layer without PTFE both on coupons and U-bend carbon steel samples exposed to geothermal conditions. The samples were tested for three months in-situ geothermal steam at Hellisheiồi power plant. the tested samples were taken out after 3 months and evaluated using SEM/EDX analysis. Characterization results revealed a reaction between sulphur (S) from geothermal environment to Ni, resulting in nickel sulphide (NiS) compound generated on the top functional layer. The results showed stress crack formation in coating possible due to hydrogen released from hydrogen sulphide (H2S) with reaction to the Ni in the film. In aerated environment where pin hole formed during exposure or production an under film galvanic corrosion was seen.
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Senatore, Marcelo, and Jonas Höwing. "Application of Twisted Hyper Stainless Steel Duplex on Crude Unit Overhead Condenser." In CORROSION 2010, 1–13. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10357.

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Abstract Twisted duplex 22% Cr tubes installed in a Crude Unit overhead condenser have failed prematurely due to corrosion; the service lifetime was only 18 months. The failure mechanism has been chloride induced under deposit corrosion, exacerbated by the presence of elemental sulfur. Since the 22% Cr duplex grade was not corrosion resistant enough hyper duplex UNS S32707 has been chosen as the replacement grade. Qualification of UNS S32707 shows that it is possible to twist the tubes in the same way as the lower alloyed 22% Cr grade. Thus the design of the heat exchanger and the fabrication procedure will not have to be altered. The hyper duplex grades mechanical properties and corrosion resistance have been shown to not be altered by the cold working procedure.
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Kilbane, John J. "Forensic Analysis of Failed Pipe: Microbiological Investigations." In CORROSION 2014, 1–15. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-3789.

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Abstract Maintaining pipeline integrity is crucial in the oil & gas industry, and when pipeline defects are detected, or pipeline failures occur, understanding the cause of these events is of utmost importance. Corrosion can have multiple causes and one of these is microbiologically influenced corrosion or MIC. Accurate detection and quantification of corrosion associated microorganisms requires that samples should be obtained and analyzed as quickly as possible when microbial growth tests are used. However, MIC is not always considered when beginning an investigation of a pipe segment that is removed from service. It is not uncommon to have a pipe segment removed from service and sitting in a warehouse for days or even months before the possible involvement of MIC is considered. In this event microbial growth tests can’t be used, but genetic testing can be employed to detect and quantify bacteria, particularly if under-deposit corrosion and/or deep pits are present. Data are presented for several case histories of the use of both microbial growth testing and genetic testing (quantitative polymerase chain reaction or qPCR) to examine the microbial population in fresh and not-so-fresh samples of corroded pipe.
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Ryan, Marie-Laure. "Multivers et mondes possibles." In Variantes. La déclinaison des possibles comme objet de la recherche. Fabula, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58282/colloques.11747.

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Reports on the topic "Mondes possibles"

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Mondin, Christophe, Nathalie de Marcellis-Warin, Céline Castets-Renard, Philippe Després, Pierre-Luc Déziel, Sébastien Gambs, Lyse Langlois, and Guillaume Macaux. Recension des solutions technologiques développées dans le monde afin de limiter la propagation de la COVID-19 et typologie des applications de traçage. Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’intelligence artificielle et du numérique, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.61737/ytfm1783.

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En réponse à la pandémie de COVID-19, la communauté scientifique mondiale, les gouvernements, ainsi qu’une partie de la société civile se sont rapidement mobilisés pour essayer de ralentir la propagation du virus, protéger la population, sauver des vies et permettre un retour à une vie « normale » avec une reprise des activités économiques le plus rapidement possible. Dans ce contexte, une multitude de solutions technologiques s’appuyant sur des outils jusqu’à lors jamais utilisés en contexte de crise sanitaire ont été développées et certaines déjà déployées à travers le monde afin d’aider à lutter contre la propagation du virus. Ce document de recension préparé par Christophe Mondin et Nathalie de Marcellis-Warin, propose d’abord un tour d’horizon d’un grand nombre de solutions technologiques développées dans le monde en réponse à la pandémie. Cette recension est par la suite axée sur les applications de traçage pour téléphones intelligents qui visent à limiter les chaînes de contagion, soit par la recherche de contacts (« contact tracing ») ou par la localisation (« position tracking) » des individus, infectés ou non par le coronavirus. Une typologie de ces applications de traçage complète ce rapport et les présente par grandes catégories et selon leurs caractéristiques principales. Cette analyse descriptive des applications de traçage met en lumière certains enjeux à prendre en compte lors du choix d’une technologie par rapport à une autre.
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Border, Peter. SARS-CoV-2 virus variants: a year into the COVID-19 pandemic. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/rr58.

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In recent months several new variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus have been detected in various countries around the world. This article examines how these variants arise, how genetic variation might affect the characteristics of the virus, and the possible impact that these new variants might have on the course of the pandemic.
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Schmid, Juan Pedro. How Much Anti-Money Laundering Effort is Enough? The Jamaican Experience. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008454.

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The worldwide fight against money laundering (AML) is escalating. Individuals and businesses that conduct and depend on legitimate international financial transactions are feeling the impact of measures meant to counter illegitimate ones. Countries flagged as having weak AML regulations encounter substantial challenges maintaining correspondent banking relations. However, recent experiences have shown that fulfilling the AML standards, albeit necessary, is not sufficient to persuade financial institutions to keep international financial relations. This is particularly the case with international fund transfers via correspondent banks. Jurisdictions such as Jamaica--even if generally complying with AML standards--face challenges to use banks for correspondent services. Reasons to avoid having correspondent banking relations with certain financial institutions include the following: First, correspondent banking is risky in itself, given the difficulty for the respondent to effectively supervise the AML capacity of the correspondent. In addition, the risk of a transaction depends on country-specific factors, most notably the strength and enforcement of a sound AML system and the type of clients. Money services businesses constitute one category that is perceived as more vulnerable to money laundering. Given these elements, respondent banks may simply decide to sever correspondent banking relations to avoid risks--real or perceived--altogether. This tendency to avoid perceived risks makes finding a potential solution challenging. Not only would countries have to attain the highest possible level of compliance with AML standards, they would also need to develop a communication strategy that effectively conveys that the government and private sector recognize and embrace the money laundering issue and are committed to the implementation of AML efforts.
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Naffi, Nadia, Chris Isaac Larnder, Viviane Vallerand, and Simon Duguay. Éduquer contre la désinformation amplifiée par l’IA et l’hypertrucage : une recension d’initiatives de 2018 à 2024. ­Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l'intelligence artificielle et du numérique, October 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.61737/qchr7582.

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Si la désinformation ne date pas d'hier, l’arrivée d’Internet et, plus récemment, l'essor de l’Intelligence Artificielle (IA),dont l’IA générative, ont contribué à l'amplification de ce phénomène. Tandis qu’auparavant la création et la diffusion de campagnes de désinformation étaient coûteuses en temps et en argent, l’IA facilite, aujourd’hui, la création de contenus trompeurs à grande échelle, causant ainsi une augmentation des risques de la désinformation. Depuis quelques années, plusieurs initiatives pour éduquer la population contre la désinformation propulsée par l’utilisation non éthique de l’IA ont vu le jour dans le monde. Pour orienter la recherche et concerter les efforts, ce rapport présente les résultats d’une recension de telles initiatives. Sans prétendre à l'exhaustivité, cette recension permet d’avoir une idée de la variété des approches visant à informer et éduquer les personnes apprenantes et le personnel enseignant sur cette nouvelle réalité. Ce document permet à la communauté scientifique, à la classe politique, au personnel enseignant et aux conseillers et conseillères pédagogiques de consulter ce qui se fait déjà à différents endroits dans le monde. En découvrant ces initiatives, ces acteurs et actrices scolaires pourront prendre connaissance des angles morts en recherche sur le sujet, des possibles orientations de programmes ou encore des idées d’activités complètes et déjà testées pour éduquer sur cette réalité. Comme ce document contient aussi plusieurs ressources de développement professionnel sur le sujet de la désinformation propulsée par IA, il permet aussi au personnel enseignant ou aux conseillères et conseillers pédagogiques d’avoir accès à des sources pertinentes pour en apprendre plus sur ce phénomène.
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Adeniran, Adedeji, Dozie Okoye, Mahounan P. Yedomiffi, and Leonard Wantchekon. COVID-19 Learning Losses, Parental Investments, and Recovery: Evidence from Low-Cost Private Schools in Nigeria. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-risewp_2022/120.

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About 2 billion children were affected by school closures globally at the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This has led to documented learning losses while children were out of school, and an especially precarious future academic path for pupils in developing countries where learning and continued enrolment remain important issues. There is an urgent need to understand the extent of these learning and enrolment losses, and possible policy options to get children back on track. This paper studies the extent of learning losses and recovery in Africa's most populous country, Nigeria, and provides some evidence that a full recovery is possible. Using data from a random sample of schools, we find significant learning losses of about .6 standard deviations in English and Math. However, a program designed to slow down the curriculum and cover what was missed during school closures led to a rebound within 2 months, and a recovery of all learning losses. Students who were a part of the program do not lag behind one year later and remain in school.
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Vakis, Renos, Karen Macours, and Norbert Schady. Cash Transfers, Behavioral Changes, and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011361.

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Cash transfer programs have become extremely popular in the developing world. There is a large literature on the effects of these programs on schooling, health and nutrition, but relatively little is known about possible impacts on child development. This paper analyzes the impact of a cash transfer program on cognitive development in early childhood in rural Nicaragua. Identification is based on random assignment. We show that children in households assigned to receive benefits had significantly higher levels of development nine months after the program began. There is no fadeout of program effects two years after the program had ended and transfers were discontinued. We show that the changes in child development we observe are unlikely to be a result of the cash component of the program alone.
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Rofman, Rafael, Joaquín Baliña, and Emanuel López. Evaluating the Impact of COVID-19 on Pension Systems in Latin America and the Caribbean. The Case of Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004508.

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This paper presents a first approximation to assess the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on Argentinas pension system in both the short and medium/long-term. To this end, we have used the Pension Projection Model of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) to design and analyze possible scenarios and outcomes, based on alternative scenarios. According to the data analyzed and the projections, the impact of COVID-19 on Argentinas pension system in the short run seems to have been limited, particularly given the rapid recovery during the last months of 2021. The long-term impact is harder to predict. Given the macroeconomic effects of the efforts made by authorities to protect the system and pensioners during the pandemic on the one hand; and the effects of COVID-19 within the labor market on the other, overall consequences are still to be fully understood.
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Thompson, Stephen, Shadrach Chuba-Uzo, Brigitte Rohwerder, Jackie Shaw, and Mary Wickenden. “This Pandemic Brought a Lot of Sadness”: People with Disabilities’ Experiences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/if.2021.008.

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This qualitative study was undertaken as part of the work of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) funded Inclusion Works programme which aims to improve inclusive employment for people with disabilities in four countries: Uganda, Kenya, Nigeria, Bangladesh. When the COVID-19 pandemic emerged early in 2020 the work of this consortium programme was adapted to focus on pandemic relief and research activities, while some other planned work was not possible. The Institute of Development Studies (IDS) led a piece of qualitative research to explore the experiences and perceptions of the pandemic and related lockdowns in each country, using a narrative interview approach, which asks people to tell their stories, following up with some further questions once they have identified their priorities to talk about. 10 people with disabilities who were involved in Inclusion Works in each country were purposively selected to take part, each being invited to have two interviews with an interval of one or two months in between, in order to capture changes in their situation over time. The 10 interviewees had a range of impairments, were gender balanced and were various ages, as well as having differing living and working situations.
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Donnelly, Alan. Evaluating the impact of higher education funding aimed to address student hardship: Survey findings. Sheffield Hallam University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/steer/student_hardship.

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This report explores the findings of an evaluation conducted at Sheffield Hallam University to understand the impact of institutional financial support provided to students who are under-represented in higher education or who are facing hardship. This evaluation implemented the validated financial support evaluation toolkit, which is recommended by the Office for Students, as the framework for this data collection and analysis (McCaig et al., 2016). The survey tool, which was used in this current phase of the evaluation, contains closed and open-ended questions that explore what the funding has enabled its recipients to do and what might have not been possible otherwise. A total of 5,302 students received financial support from the University in 2020/21 and 347 of these responded to the survey, which is a response rate of 7%. The survey findings highlighted how respondents used other financial sources, aside from the hardship funding, to pay for their higher education, such as loans, overdrafts, earnings from work and money from friends or family. Without the financial support, its recipients reported that they would not only find it difficult to access the essential provisions of teaching and learning but also to be able to pay for basic living costs. Other key benefits reported by respondents were that the financial support enabled them to: concentrate on their university work, with the money helping many to pay for devices and IT equipment: continue with their studies; ease their anxieties and support their mental health. However, it is important to note that the low response rate limits the generalisations that can be made from the survey respondents to the wider population.
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Alimi, Omoniyi, and David Maré. Intergenerational earnings persistence in Aotearoa New Zealand. Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, March 2025. https://doi.org/10.29310/wp.2025.01.

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We present estimates of intergenerational earnings persistence (IEP) in New Zealand using linked administrative data. We assemble a dataset of around 288,000 individuals born between 1986 and 1992 and link them to their parents using data from various administrative datasets, 2013 and 2018 Censuses, and household surveys. We examine inter-generational persistence in outcomes including income source and access to employment. For around 198,000 cases where both parents and children are actively participating in the labour market (defined as earning wages and salaries for more than 6 months a year), we estimate IEP, including by ethnic groups. Our preferred (IV) overall rank-rank slope of parent-child earning is 0.27. This implies that children experience about one quarter of the earnings advantage or disadvantage of their parents, and that within-family persistence of inequality can explain only a small proportion of sustained inter-family or ethnic disparities. We examine both relative and absolute intergenerational earnings persistence and explore whether persistence depends linearly on parental earnings, varies by ethnicity and gender, or is accounted for by persistence in observed characteristics of children and parents. We discuss the possible causes and consequences of earnings persistence, and the influence of discrimination and racism in the labour market and elsewhere.
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