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Journal articles on the topic 'Monitoring Sag and Tension'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Wydra, Michal, Pawel Kubaczynski, Katarzyna Mazur, and Bogdan Ksiezopolski. "Time-Aware Monitoring of Overhead Transmission Line Sag and Temperature with LoRa Communication." Energies 12, no. 3 (2019): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030505.

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The techniques of Dynamic Line Rating (DLR) for Overhead Transmission Line (OTL)’s are currently dynamically developed. DLR systems typically rely on weather, temperature, inclination, and current measurements to calculate tension and sag, where sensors need to be installed directly on wires. Such systems are very reliable and ensure high accuracy in determining maximum allowable current. However, their installation may require switching off the transmission line from the operation. In order to receive precise values regarding the actual operating conditions of the whole transmission line, DLR

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2

Vipin, Kumar, and Kumar Mr.Mantosh. "DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION LINE WITH USE OF PLS-CADD & MONITORING SAG AND TENSION." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 4, no. 8 (2017): 28–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.914840.

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<strong><em>Power is the basic key for growth of any country’s economy. The increased demand of electricity, need to optimize the utilization of power generation capacity and increase in the interconnections are the major issues with which power sector is dealing with. Energy consumption per person is also rising tremendously in developing countries. However, installing a new power plant cannot be a solution every time. Dense population, availability of land, initial and installation cost can be the major issues in this case. Huge transfer of power from generating plants to load centre at long

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3

Wang, Zha, Ji Yao, and Sun Peng. "Numerical Simulation for the Effects of Ice Thickness on the Overhead Transmission Cable Tension." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1307.

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A model of single span overhead transmission cable was established in this paper, based on nonlinear finite element theory, combined with supports displacement method and node equilibrium method, form-finding analysis was carried out for the model of single span overhead transmission cable, the cable tension of model was compared with the theoretical calculation value, and the correctness of the model was verified. Then update cable model was analyzed, the sag, tension and ends tilt of cable under different ice thickness was discussed. This paper provided a reliable method for on-line monitori

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4

Kumar, Vipin, and Mantosh Kumar. "DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION LINE WITH USE OF PLS-CADD & MONITORING SAG AND TENSION." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 4, no. 8 (2020): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v4.i8.2017.93.

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Power is the basic key for growth of any country’s economy. The increased demand of electricity, need to optimize the utilization of power generation capacity and increase in the interconnections are the major issues with which power sector is dealing with. Energy consumption per person is also rising tremendously in developing countries. However, installing a new power plant cannot be a solution every time. Dense population, availability of land, initial and installation cost can be the major issues in this case. Huge transfer of power from generating plants to load centre at long distance wi

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5

Wang, Xiaojing, and Caixiao Ouyang. "Design exploration of the status detection system for car-mounted catenary tension compensation device." Applied and Computational Engineering 65, no. 1 (2024): 260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/65/20240513.

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The tension compensation device is a critical component for maintaining constant parameters of the contact wire, such as tension, catenary height, and sag, in the overhead contact system. Its operational status directly affects the normal operation of the entire contact wire system. This paper provides a comprehensive review of existing tension compensation device state detection techniques and analyzes their shortcomings. By comparing with existing methods for monitoring cable tension, a vehicle-mounted contact wire tension compensation device state detection system based on the three-point b

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6

Zanelli, Federico, Marco Mauri, Francesco Castelli-Dezza, and Francesco Ripamonti. "Continuous Monitoring of Transmission Lines Sag through Angular Measurements Performed with Wireless Sensors." Applied Sciences 13, no. 5 (2023): 3175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13053175.

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High voltage transmission lines are crucial infrastructure that are demanded to supply an increasing request of electric energy. In the design and operations stages, sag represents a key parameter which must respect specific constraints. Therefore, sag continuous monitoring is becoming essential to guarantee the correct functioning of the line and to optimize the current flow. Different solutions have been proposed in literature, but they are still lacking efficiency and reliability to be used during operations. In this work, a simple and efficient method, based on conductor parabolic approxim

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7

Yang, Long, Dahai Wang, Huadong Zheng, Zhengyuan Ma, and Yixin Zhang. "Analytical Framework for Tension Characterization in Submerged Anchor Cables via Nonlinear In-Plane Free Vibrations." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 8 (2024): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081286.

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Submerged tensioned anchor cables (STACs) are pivotal components utilized extensively for anchoring and supporting offshore floating structures. Unlike tensioned cables in air, STACs exhibit distinctive nonlinear damping characteristics. Although existing studies on the free vibration response and tension identification of STACs often employ conventional Galerkin and average methods, the effect of the quadratic damping coefficient (QDC) on the vibration frequency remains unquantified. This paper re-examines the effect of bending stiffness on the static equilibrium configuration of STACs, and e

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8

Uchida, Kazuhiko S. K., Kentaro Takagaki, Kazuki Kumada, Youko Hirayama, Tetsuo Noda, and Toru Hirota. "Kinetochore stretching inactivates the spindle assembly checkpoint." Journal of Cell Biology 184, no. 3 (2009): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200811028.

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The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) monitors the attachment of microtubules to the kinetochore and inhibits anaphase when microtubule binding is incomplete. The SAC might also respond to tension; however, how cells can sense tension and whether its detection is important to satisfy the SAC remain controversial. We generated a HeLa cell line in which two components of the kinetochore, centromere protein A and Mis12, are labeled with green and red fluorophores, respectively. Live cell imaging of these cells reveals repetitive cycles of kinetochore extension and recoiling after biorientation. U

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Maresca, Thomas J., and Edward D. Salmon. "Intrakinetochore stretch is associated with changes in kinetochore phosphorylation and spindle assembly checkpoint activity." Journal of Cell Biology 184, no. 3 (2009): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200808130.

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Cells have evolved a signaling pathway called the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) to increase the fidelity of chromosome segregation by generating a “wait anaphase” signal until all chromosomes are properly aligned within the mitotic spindle. It has been proposed that tension generated by the stretch of the centromeric chromatin of bioriented chromosomes stabilizes kinetochore microtubule attachments and turns off SAC activity. Although biorientation clearly causes stretching of the centromeric chromatin, it is unclear whether the kinetochore is also stretched. To test whether intrakinetocho

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10

Novriandi, Dicky, Azriyenni Azhari Zakri, and Edy Ervianto. "Sag and Tension of 275 kV Transmission Line using Catenary." International Journal of Electrical, Energy and Power System Engineering 2, no. 3 (2019): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/ijeepse.2.3.15-20.

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This research will develop a catenary method to determine the sag and tension analysis on the 275 kV transmission line conductors. The catenary method is dependent on the equation of the weight of the conductor, the maximum tensile stress of the conducting wire, the length of the span, and the maximum sag of the conductor. The method will be used in determining the value of sag and tension with the design of the model using software AutoCAD. The results of research for the same tower sag height of 6.86 m, with a tension of 4610.83 kg and a conductor length of 401.06 m, while sag for the tower

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11

Yaroslavsky, D. A. "Analytical models of movement of wires of air high-voltage power transmission lines." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 24, no. 4 (2022): 154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2022-24-4-154-164.

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The article PURPOSE with the problem of monitoring the state of high-voltage overhead power lines in order to ensure uninterrupted and reliable supply of consumers with electricity. METHODS. As parameters of the state, the sag, the tensile force and the mass per unit length of the wire hanging in the span are defined. IT IS STRESSED that a complete picture of the state of an overhead line can be established by determining the spectral composition of the wire vibrations using mounted automated multi-parameter sensors with accelerometers as sensors. It is shown that the currently used dynamic mo

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12

Mei, Guiming, and Yang Song. "Effect of Overhead Contact Line Pre-Sag on the Interaction Performance with a Pantograph in Electrified Railways." Energies 15, no. 19 (2022): 6875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15196875.

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In the high-speed rail industry, the overhead contact line erected along the railroad is used to supply the electricity to the high-speed train via a pantograph on the carbody’s roof. This work attempts to explore the effect of contact line pre-sag on the contact quality between the pantograph and the contact line. A nonlinear finite element approach is implemented to build the overhead contact line system with accurate description of the pre-sag of the contact line. Through a nonlinear solution, the effect of contact line pre-sag on the contact force is analysed with different train speeds an

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13

Fernandez, Elvira, Igor Albizu, Miren T. Bedialauneta, A. Javier Mazon, and Agurtzane Etxegarai. "Field validation of gap-type overhead conductor creep." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 105 (September 11, 2018): 602–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2018.09.006.

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Gap-type overhead conductor sag-tension calculations based on experimental conductor creep tests are based on stress-strain and metallurgical creep tests. Although for bi-metallic conductors, these tests are carried out for both the core and the full conductor, for gap-type overhead conductors the aluminum metallurgical creep is usually neglected and the full conductor metallurgical creep is not carried out. The purpose of the presented study is the validation of these calculation methods. For this purpose, field measurements have been obtained in a pilot line in operation. The gap-type conduc

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14

Bedialauneta, Miren T., Elvira Fernandez, Igor Albizu, and A. Javier Mazon. "Sag-tension evaluation of high-temperature gap-type conductor in operation." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 16, no. 1 (2021): 19–26. https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.12288.

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Low-sag conductors are characterised by their ability to operate above the “knee-point temperature” (KPT). Sag-tension performance must be calculated while designing a new overhead line. The ampacity limit of the conductor is influenced by the sag and the temperature of the conductor. The maximum sag must be limited to a certain value to ensure a safe clearance between the conductor and ground. In this study, a gap-type conductor in operation was monitored to evaluate the actual KPT. The KPT in low-sag conductors is a crucial factor since it affects the sag of the conductor, which

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15

Élthes, Etele, Anikó Borbáth, Zsolt Fülöp, Emese Rápolti, and Cristina Lenghel. "Management of a Voluminous Incisional Hernia – Case Report and Brief Review." Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine 7, no. 1 (2022): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jim-2022-0002.

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Abstract Introduction: Massive ventral hernia repairs may lead to abdominal compartment syndrome, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and is caused by an acute rise in intra-abdominal pressure, frequently leading to multi-organ failure and possibly death. This report presents a case with a voluminous incisional hernia associated with intestine obstruction and the issues surrounding emergency surgical treatment. Case report: An overweight 67-year-old patient with a medical history of diabetes and multiple cardiovascular pathologies presented to the emergency department c

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16

Sun, Sheng-nan, Zhi-bin Su, and Yun-fen Feng. "Nonlinear Vibration Analysis of Submerged Floating Tunnel Tether." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (December 17, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8885712.

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To study the nonlinear vibration characteristics of submerged floating tunnel tether, the nonlinear vibration partial differential equation of tether is set up, in which the inclination, sag, initial tension force, and length of tether are taken into account. According to the linear vibration mode of tether, the partial differential equation is converted into ordinary differential equations by Galerkin method and the nonlinear vibration equation of tether for the in-plane first four modes and the out-of-plane first four modes are obtained. The results show that the change of inclination result

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17

Bondarenko, O. V., and D. M. Stepanov. "METHOD OF CONTROL THE MECHANICAL STATE OF THE OPTICAL FIBER OF THE DIELECTRIC SELF-SUPPORTING OPTICAL CABLE DURING OPERATION." Radio Electronics, Computer Science, Control, no. 4 (December 26, 2024): 13–26. https://doi.org/10.15588/1607-3274-2024-4-2.

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Context. One of the issues of theoretical and practical research studying phenomena that occur over time and lead to violations of the normative work of optical cables (OC) are ways to ensure and control their reliability during operation. Today, electronic communication (telecommunications) has already gained significant integration and widespread use due to the urgent need to exchange large volumes of information between users or network devices at high speeds and over long distances, as well as the provision of a wide range of electronic communication services. The electronic communication

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18

Bladyko, Y. V. "Mechanical Calculation of Flexible Wires Loaded with Concentrated Loads." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 63, no. 2 (2020): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2020-63-2-103-115.

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Calculating of wires sag and tension under various modes is the task of mechanical calculation. The article derived formulas for the curve of the wire sag under the action of one or several concentrated forces and with various tensioning insulators strings in the span. Formulas for estimating the distance to the maximum sag have been obtained. Based on the length of the system of “first tension insulators string – conductors – second tension insulators string” that depends on the supporting beam reactions and beam lateral forces in the corresponding sections, the system load factor was determi

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19

Abbasi, M. Z., B. Noor, M. A. Aman, S. Farooqi, and F. W. Karam. "An Investigation of Temperature and Wind Impact on ACSR Transmission Line Sag and Tension." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 3 (2018): 3009–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2046.

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Power transmission is mainly based on overhead transmission lines with conductors being supported by transmission towers. Transmission lines are subjected to environmental stress (temperature changes, winds, snow etc), have an impact on the surrounding areas (visual pollution, building restrictions) and experience heavy losses due to resistive, magnetic and capacitive effects. Thus, proper modeling and installation of these conductors are necessary. The conductors are generally installed in a catenary shape to minimize the capacitive effects and to balance the tension. This paper presents an i

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20

Abbasi, Muhammad Zulqarnain, Babar Noor, Muhammad Aamir Aman, Sidra Farooqi, and Fazal Wahab Karam. "An Investigation of Temperature and Wind Impact on ACSR Transmission Line Sag and Tension." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 3 (2018): 3009–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1400592.

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Power transmission is mainly based on overhead transmission lines with conductors being supported by transmission towers. Transmission lines are subjected to environmental stress (temperature changes, winds, snow etc), have an impact on the surrounding areas (visual pollution, building restrictions) and experience heavy losses due to resistive, magnetic and capacitive effects. Thus, proper modeling and installation of these conductors are necessary. The conductors are generally installed in a catenary shape to minimize the capacitive effects and to balance the tension. This paper presents an i

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21

McDonald, Brian, and Alain Peyrot. "Sag‐Tension Calculations Valid for Any Line Geometry." Journal of Structural Engineering 116, no. 9 (1990): 2374–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1990)116:9(2374).

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22

Siranec, Marek, Marek Höger, and Alena Otcenasova. "Advanced Power Line Diagnostics Using Point Cloud Data—Possible Applications and Limits." Remote Sensing 13, no. 10 (2021): 1880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13101880.

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The advance in remote sensing techniques, especially the development of LiDAR scanning systems, allowed the development of new methods for power line corridor surveys using a digital model of the powerline and its surroundings. The advanced diagnostic techniques based on the acquired conductor geometry recalculation to extreme operating and climatic conditions were proposed using this digital model. Although the recalculation process is relatively easy and straightforward, the uncertainties of input parameters used for the recalculation can significantly compromise such recalculation accuracy.

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23

Bladyko, Yu V. "MECHANICAL CALCULATION OF FLEXIBLE WIRES WHEN THE CONCENTRATED FORCES ARE REPLACED BY A DISTRIBUTED LOAD." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 61, no. 2 (2018): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2018-61-2-97-107.

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The objective of mechanical calculation of flexible wires of substations and overhead lines is to determine the sag and tension in different climatic conditions. A wire with a uniformly distributed load is considered as a homogeneous flexible thread having the form of a parabola. Concentrated loads from spacers, barrier balls, stubs, taps to electrical apparatus and other elements are replaced with the one distributed over the span. On behalf of a span without tension springs of insulators the action of concentrated loads on the wire is considered, an error is determined when replacing the con

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24

He, Wei, Rong He, and Heng Xiang Zheng. "The Relevance Research on Tension Test Technology of Cable and Suspender." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 1727–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.1727.

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The problem and relevance research of tension test technology of cable and suspender was introduced from the influence of environmental factors, cable stiffness identification, equivalent length, sag, slope, testing techniques improvement, numerical analysis with curve fitting, and boundary conditions of elastic support. And according to the actual needs of tension measurement in engineering the researches on cable tension measurement maybe highlight were prospected.

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25

Cao, Guo Hui, Jia Xing Hu, Kai Zhang, and Min He. "Analysis and Test on Mechanical Properties of a Flexible Suspension Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1616–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1616.

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In order to research on mechanical properties of flexible suspension bridges, a geometric nonlinear analysis method was used to simulate on the experimental results, and carried on static loading test finally. In the loading test process, the deformations were measured in critical section of the suspension bridge, and displacement values of measured are compared with simulation values of the finite element simulation. Meanwhile the deformations of the main cable sag are observed under classification loading, the results show that the main cable sag increment is basically linear relationship wi

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Su, Zhi Bin, and Sheng Nan Sun. "Non-Linear Free Vibration of Submerged Floating Tunnel Tether." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1388–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1388.

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Taking the free vibration system of a submerged floating tunnel tether as research object, the non-linear free vibration equation was set up. By means of Galerkin method, the partial differential equation was transformed into a set of ordinary ones. The damping ratios of the first four modes were obtained after complex eigenvalue analysis. Subsequently, effects of inclination, sag, initial tension force and length of tether on its modal damping ratios were analyzed. The results show that inclination and sag of tether merely affect the damping ratio of first in-plane mode; they have no effect o

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27

Hoang, Nam. "Design Formulas for Cable Tension in Cable-stayed Bridges Considering Sag and Bending Rigidity." Science and Technology Development Journal 18, no. 1 (2015): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v18i1.945.

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Estimating cable tension in cable-stayed bridges or in external tendons is essential for regular inspection and assessment of those structures. Vibration measurements provide a solution, however, may not be accurate in cases parameters such as amount of sag and bending rigidity of cable are significant. In this study, the characteristic equation for vibration of the most general case of a cable, where both the sag and flexure in the cable are taken into account, is analytically derived. After that by considering proper simplifying assumptions of small flexural rigidity parameter, asymptotic fo

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28

Kai, Ding, Li Wei, Sun Jianfeng, Xiao Xianyong, and Wang Ying. "Convolutional Neural Network for Voltage Sag Source Azimuth Recognition in Electrical Internet of Things." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (March 22, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6656564.

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Recognition and analytics at the edge enable utility companies to predict and prevent problems in real time. Clearing the voltage sag disturbance source by the positioning method is the most effective way to solve and improve the voltage sag. However, for different grid structures and fault types, the existing methods usually achieve a sag source location based on the single feature of monitoring data extraction. However, due to the effectiveness and applicability of the existing method features, this paper proposes a multidimensional feature of the voltage sag source positioning method of the

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Cai, Wei, Hui Min He, Jian Wei Wang, Juan Suo, and Chuan Lai Wu. "Study on Failure Frequency of Sensitive Equipment Caused by Voltage Sag." Applied Mechanics and Materials 492 (January 2014): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.492.195.

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A method calculating the failure frequency of sensitive equipment caused by voltage sag in the monitoring period is proposed. In life and production, destruction of sensitive equipments fault caused by voltage sag is a serious power quality problem. It is a transition process that sensitive equipments fault caused by voltage sag, which is from a safe state to fault state, and it is uncertain whether it is fault in the region of the voltage tolerance curve (VTC), Probability density function is used to characterize failure state caused by voltage sag which happened in the voltage tolerance curv

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Zhong, Jun, Hongzhao Zhang, Ziheng Hu, et al. "Voltage Sag Data Generation Based on the Probabilistic Diffusion Model." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2666, no. 1 (2023): 012048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2666/1/012048.

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Abstract To effectively analyze and mitigate voltage sag phenomena using deep learning techniques, a diverse and representative dataset of voltage sag events is essential. However, the available voltage sag dataset obtained from monitoring systems is often limited in quantity and lacks comprehensive coverage of various sag types. In this paper, the achievement of generating high-quality voltage sag waveforms that closely resemble real-world scenarios is accomplished by leveraging the diffusion model’s ability to capture complex data distributions. Our study focuses on modifying the diffusion m

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31

Sakala, Japhet D. "Improved Calculation of Sag for a Conductor Supported at Unequal Heights." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 45, no. 4 (2008): 327–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijeee.45.4.6.

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The sag of conductors of an overhead line is determined from the horizontal tension at the lowest point of the conductors. In a conductor supported at unequal heights the lowest point is calculated, together with the horizontal tension, from hyperbolic expressions using an iterative procedure. In practice the hyperbolic functions are usually approximated by their first two terms. While the results are close to the actual values some differences may arise because the approximate methods may not converge to the exact values. The Newton Raphson sag method presented in the paper applies the Newton

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32

Liu, Zhu, Xuesong Qiu, Yonggui Wang, Shuai Zhang, and Zhi Li. "Improved firefly algorithm–extended Kalman filter–least-square support-vector machine voltage sag monitoring and classification method based on edge computing." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 18, no. 3 (2022): 155013292210870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15501329221087055.

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Aiming at the hardware reusability, multi-service carrying capacity, and computing resource limitations of edge devices, a light-weight voltage sag monitoring and classification method based on improved firefly algorithm optimization, extended Kalman filter, and least-square support-vector machine is proposed. The strategy of linearly decreasing inertia weight is introduced to optimize the state error of the extended Kalman filter algorithm and the measurement noise covariance matrix to achieve accurate monitoring of voltage sags. Extract characteristic quantities such as average value, durati

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Mei, Fei, Yong Ren, Qingliang Wu, et al. "Online Recognition Method for Voltage Sags Based on a Deep Belief Network." Energies 12, no. 1 (2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12010043.

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Voltage sag is a serious power quality phenomenon that threatens industrial manufacturing and residential electricity. A large-scale monitoring system has been established and continually improved to detect and record voltage sag events. However, the inefficient process of data sampling cannot provide valuable information early enough for governance of the system. Therefore, a novel online recognition method for voltage sags is proposed. The main contributions of this paper include: 1) The causes and waveform characters of voltage sags were analyzed; 2) according to the characters of different

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Liu, Haiyong, Baihua Dai, and Hongfang Zhu. "A multistage optimal placement approach of monitors considering voltage sag and fault position observability." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 983, no. 1 (2022): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/983/1/012022.

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Abstract Reasonable placement of limited monitors is beneficial to reduce the cost of monitoring for voltage sags assessment. However, existing methods only consider the observability of voltage sags, leading to information loss. To capture all the voltage sags and the corresponding fault positions in distribution network, a multistage optimal placement approach of power quality monitors considering voltage sag and fault position observability is proposed. The initial requirement of voltage sag monitoring, that is, voltage sag observability is ensured by monitoring reach area method. Then, bas

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35

Liu, Shuming. "A Data-Driven Self-Learning Evaluation Method of Voltage Sag Severity." CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications 7, no. 3 (2022): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24295/cpsstpea.2022.00030.

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Lightning is one of the main causes of voltage sags, and it is of great significance for subsequent analysis and governance to accurately evaluate the severity of the sag events caused by lightning. There are many uncertain factors between lightning fault events and voltage sag events. To evaluate the severity of voltage sag events caused by lightning, a data-driven self-learning evaluation method for voltage sag severity is proposed. According to a large number of online monitoring data of lightning positioning system and power quality monitoring system, the association rule mining algorithm

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Jalali, Mohammad Hadi, and Geoff Rideout. "Analytical and experimental investigation of cable–beam system dynamics." Journal of Vibration and Control 25, no. 19-20 (2019): 2678–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546319867171.

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Interactions between cables and structures affect the design and nondestructive testing of electricity transmission lines, guyed towers, and bridges. An analytical model for an electricity pole beam–cable system is presented, which can be extended to other applications. A cantilever beam is connected to two stranded cables. The cables are modeled as tensioned Euler–Bernoulli beams, considering the sag due to self-weight. The pole is also modeled as a cantilever Euler–Bernoulli beam and the equations of motion are derived using Hamilton’s principle. The model was validated with a reduced-scale

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Yalman, Yunus, Tayfun Uyanık, İbrahim Atlı, et al. "Prediction of Voltage Sag Relative Location with Data-Driven Algorithms in Distribution Grid." Energies 15, no. 18 (2022): 6641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186641.

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Power quality (PQ) problems, including voltage sag, flicker, and harmonics, are the main concerns for the grid operator. Among these disturbances, voltage sag, which affects the sensitive loads in the interconnected system, is a crucial problem in the transmission and distribution systems. The determination of the voltage sag relative location as a downstream (DS) and upstream (US) is an important issue that should be considered when mitigating the sag problem. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel approach to determine the voltage sag relative location based on voltage sag event records of t

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Yalman, Yunus, Tayfun Uyanık, Adnan Tan, et al. "Implementation of Voltage Sag Relative Location and Fault Type Identification Algorithm Using Real-Time Distribution System Data." Mathematics 10, no. 19 (2022): 3537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10193537.

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One of the common power quality (PQ) problems in transmission and distribution systems is the voltage sag that affects the sensitive loads. Losses and problems caused by the voltage sag in the power system can be reduced by correctly determining the relative location of the voltage sag. This paper proposes a novel algorithm to classify voltage sag relative location and fault type, which is the main root cause of voltage sag, based on the actual voltage and current data before and during the voltage sag. The performance of the algorithm is investigated by performing a numerical simulation utili

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Hao, Chenyan, and Jun Jin. "Clustering Analysis of Voltage Sag Events Based on Waveform Matching." Processes 10, no. 7 (2022): 1337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10071337.

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Voltage sags are a serious problem within power supplies, which pose threats to both residential electricity and industrial manufacturing. Since any one sag may be recorded by multiple monitoring devices from different substations, the issue of redundant information in data arises. In this regard, a novel method for voltage sag events based on projection technology, shape dynamic time warping (shapeDTW), and spectral clustering is proposed. The main contributions of this paper may be summarized as follows: (1) We present a new method for extracting the voltage anomaly waveform, which is a fast

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Zhang, Ruiyong, Xinyu Zhao, Guohui Shen, and Jianfeng Yao. "Finite element simulation of wire’s sag considering tension insulator string." Energy Reports 8 (May 2022): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.11.018.

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Johnson, A. S. "Sag-Mediated Modulated Tension in Terebellid Tentacles Exposed to Flow." Biological Bulletin 185, no. 1 (1993): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1542126.

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Kampik, Marian, Paweł Kubek, Beata Krupanek, and Ryszard Bogacz. "Sag and Tension Calculations for High-Voltage Overhead Line Conductors." Energies 17, no. 12 (2024): 2967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17122967.

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Overhead lines are used to transmit electricity from where it is generated to the receiving stations. The correct design of an overhead line affects public safety, because it should ensure the required clearances between conductors and the ground and objects located in the space under the overhead line. The temperature of conductors in overhead lines depends on the load current and weather conditions, and affects the sag and tension of the conductors. Calculations of sags and tensions of overhead conductors can be performed using simplified calculation methods that do not consider insulator se

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Nicola, Claudiu-Ionel, Marcel Nicola, Dumitru Sacerdoțianu, and Ion Pătru. "Real-Time Monitoring of Cable Sag and Overhead Power Line Parameters Based on a Distributed Sensor Network and Implementation in a Web Server and IoT." Sensors 24, no. 13 (2024): 4283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24134283.

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Based on the need for real-time sag monitoring of Overhead Power Lines (OPL) for electricity transmission, this article presents the implementation of a hardware and software system for online monitoring of OPL cables. The mathematical model based on differential equations and the methods of algorithmic calculation of OPL cable sag are presented. Considering that, based on the mathematical model presented, the calculation of cable sag can be done in different ways depending on the sensors used, and the presented application uses a variety of sensors. Therefore, a direct calculation is made usi

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Cheng, Zhi Hui, and Chao Zhang. "Calculation of Torsional Stiffness of Conductor and its Influence on the Stability of Motion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 680 (October 2014): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.680.233.

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In galloping, reverse split wire plays an important role in. Through the study of split change sub conductor length of wire twisting motion estimation, the wire tension change caused by the torsion of sub conductors; besides considering some of the split wire torsion stiffness of the external factors, but also the influence of torsion wire tension change, caused by the conductor sag, line height worse, we deduced the general formula to calculate the new conductor spacer system torsional stiffness.

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Sha, Haoyuan, Fei Mei, Chenyu Zhang, Yi Pan, and Jianyong Zheng. "Identification Method for Voltage Sags Based on K-means-Singular Value Decomposition and Least Squares Support Vector Machine." Energies 12, no. 6 (2019): 1137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12061137.

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Voltage sag is one of the most serious problems in power quality. The occurrence of voltage sag will lead to a huge loss in the social economy and have a serious effect on people’s daily life. The identification of sag types is the basis for solving the problem and ensuring the safe grid operation. Therefore, with the measured data uploaded by the sag monitoring system, this paper proposes a sag type identification algorithm based on K-means-Singular Value Decomposition (K-SVD) and Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM). Firstly; each phase of the sag sample RMS data is sparsely coded b

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Lv, Zhi Sheng, and Meng Tan. "Case Study of Voltage Sag in Customer Substation." Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (December 2012): 1085–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.1085.

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This paper presents the main results of a work aimed at resolving voltage sags in customer substation, by measuring and analyzing the power quality problem. The work is based on a power quality monitoring system built in the customer substation. A large number of power quality events are recorded to pick up the voltage sag performance, the voltage sag characteristics and the number of sags issummarized. SARFI-curve method according to IEEE P1546 is used to analyze the sag influence on customer’s sensitive electrical equipment. Combined with the specific situation, a set of solution to voltage

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Zhuang, Yan, Kangyu Wang, Shunlei Hu, Xidong Zhang, and Xiaoyan Cui. "Finite-Element Analysis on the Tensile Membrane Effect in Geogrid Reinforced Piled Embankment under Dynamic Loading." Geofluids 2022 (September 8, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1620624.

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This study presented a numerical investigation of the tensile membrane effect in the geogrid reinforced piled embankment under dynamic loading. It has been found that the maximum sag of the geogrid was attained at the center of two adjacent piles, while localization of tensile force was observed at the corners of the pile caps. Under the dynamic loading, the sag and the strain of the geogrid increased when compared with the static loading, an increase of around 45.9% and 24% was, respectively, yielded for the sag and the strain of the geogrid. This increase of tension in the geogrid may mainly

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Xu, Yonghai, Xingguan Fan, Siying Deng, and Chunhao Niu. "A Voltage Sag Severity Evaluation Method for the System Side Which Considers the Influence of the Voltage Tolerance Curve and Sag Type." Energies 14, no. 16 (2021): 5065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165065.

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Considering the influence of user equipment voltage tolerance characteristics and sag types on the evaluation results, this paper proposes a voltage sag severity evaluation method for the system side which considers the influence of the voltage tolerance curve and sag type. As such, a quantitative evaluation of the severity of voltage sag events can be achieved. Firstly, the user’s voltage tolerance curve is used to construct the comparison reference value of the energy index, in order to realize the rapid analysis of the severity of the sag event in the normal area and the abnormal area. Seco

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Zhang, Wen-ming, and Zhi-wei Wang. "Frequency-Based Cable Tension Identification Using a Nonlinear Model with Complex Boundary Constraints." Shock and Vibration 2023 (February 11, 2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/7795452.

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Accurate estimation of the cable force affects the bridges’ long-term integrity and serviceability directly. The frequency method is often used for cable tension testing in bridge engineering. However, the generally used cable tension calculation formulae are based on “ideal hinge” or “ideal fixed” boundary conditions. The inclination, bending stiffness, and sag-extensibility of the cable are not properly considered, which results in non-negligible errors. A frequency-based method for precisely determining the tensile force of a cable with unknown rotational and support constraint stiffnesses

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Bladyko, Yu V. "Mechanical Calculation of Flexible Wires of Spans with Different Tensioning Insulator Strings." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 63, no. 1 (2020): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2020-63-1-55-65.

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In design activities, technical solutions are practiced, which provide for the use of different tension strings of insulators in a single span. The present paper considers the calculation of the sag and load factors for a span with two different tensioning insulator strings that are of identical suspension heights. The system of “the first tension insulators string – the wire – the second tension insulators string” was described by the equations of a parabola. A relationship has been established between the sag increase factor and the coefficients that take into account the presence of tension

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