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Journal articles on the topic 'Monolithic structural systems'
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1
Strelkova, Mariia D., Ksenia I. Strelets, Victor Z. Velichkin, and Marina V. Petrochenko. "The application efficiency of precast monolithic frame systems in civil engineering." Vestnik MGSU, no. 11 (November 2021): 1493–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2021.11.1493-1507.
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Introduction. The partial replacement of cast-in-situ concrete with precast concrete in the residential construction sector allows to reduce construction time and cost, increase labour productivity and cut CO2 emissions. Combinations of prefabricated and monolithic elements in precast monolithic frames are presented; they encompass 6 different structural options of precast monolithic frames and 2 types of monolithic frames. The co-authors compare production costs and integrated labor intensity for all frame design options, construction periods per 1,000 m3 of a residential building for various structural options of the frame, and assess potential reduction in carbon dioxide emissions due to a change in the amount of precast reinforced concrete in the building frame structure.
 Materials and methods. The co-authors have developed a method that employs weighted average to identify the optimal type of a precast monolithic frame. The method takes account of such factors as production costs, integrated labour intensity, construction time and reduction in carbon dioxide gas emissions (in per centum) per 1,000 m3 of the frame structure.
 Results. The optimal structure of a precast monolithic frame was selected and calculated using weighted average. Weighted average was used to identify the most effective structural frame. The calculation results have shown that ARKOS precast monolithic frame with precast columns is the leader in terms of weighted average; it best suits the construction of a residential building. If we consider each of the selected indicators separately, RECON frame with precast floors is to be selected; however, RECON is inferior to ARKOS in terms of weighted average due to different values of the weight coefficients attached to each of the assessment criteria.
 Conclusions. The co-authors have proven the efficiency of precast monolithic frame systems in comparison with monolithic frames if applied to construct a residential building. The proposed method was employed to select the optimal type of frame.
2
M.A., Lyasina, Ilyin M.S., Ivanov M.Y., and Plotnikov A.N. "ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS ON THE EXAMPLE OF A LIBRARY BUILDING." ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ НАУЧНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ 2023. 6-1(30) (June 18, 2023): 77–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8052779.
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The article considers the choice of the optimal solution of the constructive system of the library building. The basic principles of designing library buildings are highlighted. The existing monolithic structural systems are described. The analysis of 3 structural systems of a monolithic building is carried out. In conclusion, conclusions are drawn about the choice of the optimal structural system of the building based on the functional purpose and comparison of alternative schemes.
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Kabantsev, Oleg, and Bozidar Mitrovic. "Deformation and power characteristics monolithic reinforced concrete bearing systems in the mode of progressive collapse." MATEC Web of Conferences 251 (2018): 02047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825102047.
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The paper considers the question of substantiating the choice of criteria for limiting states of monolithic reinforced concrete bearing systems for the regime of progressive collapse. Based on the results of computational and theoretical studies, structural elements and structural units of monolithic reinforced concrete buildings are determined, the destruction of which occurs first of all in the event of a failure of the vertical bearing structure. It is established that the destruction of such structural units and structural elements leads to the initialization of the process of progressive collapse. A computational and theoretical analysis has been performed to determine the ultimate deformation effects or load values according to the criteria for the bearing capacity of crutial units of monolithic reinforced concrete systems with different span sizes. It is established that as a basic criterion for estimating the stress-and-strain state of monolithic reinforced concrete structures for the mode of failure of a vertical bearing structure, the relative deformation amount corresponding to the formation of the “fracture” zone of the retaining section of the overlap under the action of transverse forces can be adopted.
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MITROVIC, B. "VERIFICATION OF THE METHOD OF APPLICATION OF THE REDUCTION COEFFICIENT IN THE CALCULATION OF MONOLITHIC REINFORCED CONCRETE SYSTEMS TO RESIST PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE." Building and reconstruction 95, no. 3 (2021): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2021-95-3-68-75.
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The paper presents a method of using the reduction factor to ensure the stability of monolithic reinforced concrete bearing structures to progressive collapse. Within the framework of the verification study, the correctness and validity of the developed method for the computational analysis of monolithic reinforced concrete bearing systems of buildings and structures to resist progressive collapse were proved. The reduction factor (K1) obtained and justified in the framework of the research performed is the most important deformation characteristic of the special limiting state of monolithic reinforced concrete bearing systems of buildings and structures for an emergency design situation associated with the failure of a local structural element.
5
Doke, Ashwini. "Low-Cost Housing Using Monolithic Dome and Cylindrical Structure." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (2022): 1412–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40778.
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Abstract: Dome is an element similar to the hollow half of a sphere. It can also be defined as a thin shell generated by the revolution of a regular curve about one of its axes. The type of the curve and the direction of the axis of revolution determines the shape of the dome. Monolithic dome structures are cast in a one-piece form. The paper aims to do a comprehensive study of Monolithic Domes and the various advantages and key aspects of these structures and to determine whether they are more energy efficient, eco-friendly, cost effective and durable housing options compared to conventional structural systems. Keywords: Low Cost Housing, Monolithic Domes, Cylindrical Structures, Structural analysis, paper review
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LIZAHUB, A. A., A. V. TUR, and V. V. TUR. "PROBABILISTIC APPROACH FOR ASSESSING THE ROBUSTNESS OF STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS MADE OF PRECAST AND MONOLITHIC REINFORCED CONCRETE." Building and reconstruction 108, no. 4 (2023): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2023-108-4-93-105.
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With the help of probabilistic modeling, the issues related to the assessment of the robustness of structural systems made of prefabricated and monolithic reinforced concrete in an accidental design situation are considered. The paper considers the concept of analyzing the reliability of structural systems and differentiating risks in accidental design situations. The existing probabilistic models of the basic variables included in the functions of loads and resistances are analyzed. Statistical parameters of the uncertainty of the resistance model are obtained and integrated in the form of a basic variable with probability modeling. Probabilistic modeling of structural systems made of precast and monolithic reinforced concrete, designed according to the current standards of the Republic of Belarus, was carried out using the Monte Carlo method. The functions of the limiting state of the structural system in an accidental design situation with the sudden removal of the central column of the first floor are determined. As a result, values of failure probabilities and corresponding reliability indices were obtained for the considered constructive systems.
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Ro, Kyong-Min, Min-Sook Kim, Chang-Geun Cho, and Young-Hak Lee. "An Experimental Study on the Flexural Behavior of Precast Concrete Modular Beam Systems Using Inserted Steel Plates." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (2021): 3931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11093931.
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Recently, interest in using precast concrete (PC) modules has increased due to their better seismic performance than steel modules. However, they must be joined by additional elements to ensure structural integration between the modules. The essential aim of the precast concrete module is to ensure structural performance with appropriate connection methods. However, the technical problem of connecting PC modules still needs to be improved. This study proposed a PC modular beam system for improved structural and splicing performance, and simple construction. This modular system consisted of modules with steel plates inserted to improve integrity of modules, ease of construction, and low cost. The structural performance of the proposed PC modular beam system was evaluated by flexural test on one reinforced concrete (RC) beam specimen consisting of a monolithic beam, and two PC specimens with the proposed modular system. The results demonstrated that the proposed PC modular beam system achieved approximately 80% of the structural performance compared to the monolithic specimen, with approximately 1.3-fold greater ductility.
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Makarkin, S. V., A. A. Shubin, N. I. Fomin, and S. P. Kopsha. "PRECAST-MONOLITHIC FRAME SYSTEM OF INTERSPECIFIC APPLICATION «MKS»." Russian Journal of Construction Science and Technology 8, no. 2 (2022): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/rjcst.2022.2.003.
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Prefabricated monolithic frame systems have the best indicators for the consumption of concrete and reinforcement per square meter of the total area of the building compared to the monolithic frames being massively erected today. Economic efficiency is achieved through the use of factory-made prestressed reinforced concrete elements in a prefabricated monolithic frame. Currently, new technologies for the production of structures by the method of formless molding on long stands are rapidly replacing the traditional method of manufacturing prestressed products by the aggregate-flow method. When developing structural solutions of the prefabricated monolithic frame system «MKS», the possibilities of the technology of continuous formless molding of reinforced concrete products were used, in which the device of cutouts, holes, recesses for dowels, loop releases, releases of prestressed reinforcement at the ends of the elements, the addition of indirect reinforcement grids in the area of the lower prestressed reinforcement is provided. All structural components and individual elements in the «MKS» system can be designed on the basis of existing regulatory documents. However, some regulatory documents, according to which the design of prefabricated monolithic structures is carried out, are either advisory in nature or outdated. Some modern methods of calculating the nodes of the prefabricated monolithic frame «MKS» are not reflected in regulatory documents, which constrains the mass application of both the «MKS» system and the prefabricated monolithic housing construction as a whole.
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Fedorova, N. V., V. S. Moskovtseva, and M. А. Amelina. "Structural system for precast-monolithic frames of residential and public buildings made of industrial panel-frame elements." Stroitel nye Materialy, no. 3 (March 15, 2025): 30–36. https://doi.org/10.31659/0585-430x-2025-833-3-30-36.
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Due to the increasing types of special impacts on buildings and structures, which often have a dynamic nature, there is a need to improve structural systems to ensure protection against such impacts. Reducing the weight of load-bearing structures of building frames and increasing the static indeterminacy of structural systems are among the effective methods of protection not only under seismic conditions but also during special and emergency impacts. As part of addressing this issue, the article proposes a new rapidly erectable structural system for residential and public buildings, made from industrialized panel-frame elements in a precast-monolithic configuration. In this system, the building frame is assembled from precast reinforced concrete structures of two types: panel-frames in the form of inverted U-shaped elements and L-shaped industrially manufactured elements. The connection of these structures on the construction site into the building frame, within the plane of the panel-frames, is carried out using two types of platform joints and monolithic embedding of the upper parts of the precast panel-frame elements’ beams together with multi-void slabs. In the orthogonal plane of the panel-frames, the frame is formed by monolithic tie beams and multi-void floor slabs. The conducted assessment of the mechanical safety of the proposed structural system demonstrated its high resistance to progressive collapse under special impacts. A comparative analysis of technical and economic indicators, such as material consumption, cost, and transportation expenses, revealed significant advantages over buildings constructed using traditional panel systems.
10
Kos, Zeljko, Ihor Babii, Iryna Grynyova, and Oleksii Nikiforov. "Ensuring the Energy Efficiency of Buildings through the Simulation of Structural, Organizational, and Technological Solutions for Facade Insulation." Applied Sciences 14, no. 2 (2024): 801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14020801.
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The article presents ways of selecting effective designs and technological and organizational solutions for the bonded thermal insulation systems of complex-shaped facades based on thermal field and flow modeling using the SolidWorks Simulation Xpress 2021 software and experimental–statistical modeling using the Compex program. Determining optimal insulation parameters at the design stage will help eliminate the negative effects of thermal bridges at balcony junctions and reduce the cost of implementing bonded thermal insulation systems for facades with complex shapes. It has been established that the most effective approach is to insulate not the entire perimeter of the balcony slab, as required by normative documentation, but rather to insulate a sufficient portion of the exterior wall, which is equal to 750 mm, with a 30 mm insulation thickness on top of the slab and 50 mm beneath it. This insulation technology is economically feasible for modern multistory buildings with nonstandard volumetric and architectural solutions, constructed using frame–brick, frame–monolithic, or monolithic schemes without thermal breaks between the balcony slab and the monolithic floor slab, with open-type balconies, bays, or uncovered loggias.
11
Brito, G. G. S., S. H. Pulcinelli, C. V. Santilli, and A. F. Craievich. "Isothermal Structural Evolution of SnO2 Monolithic Porous Xerogels." Journal of Applied Crystallography 30, no. 5 (1997): 664–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889897002434.
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Monolithic samples of SnO2 xerogel were produced by careful control of the gelation and drying steps of material preparation. In these samples, small and nanoporous aggregates stick together, yielding a monolithic (nonpowdered) material. The material was analyzed by in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) during isothermal treatment at temperatures ranging from 473 to 773 K. At 473 K, the SAXS intensity does not change significantly with time. All experimental scattering intensity functions for T > 473 K are composed of two wide peaks, which evolve with increasing time. Each of them was associated with one of the modes of a bimodal distribution of pore sizes corresponding to a fine (intra-aggregate) and a coarse (inter-aggregate) porosity. The SAXS intensities of the maxima of both peaks increase with increasing treatment time, while the position of their maxima, associated with an average correlation distance, decreases. The time dependences of the SAXS intensity corresponding to both families of pores qualitatively agree with those expected for a two-phase separating system exhibiting dynamic scaling properties. The time evolutions of the several moments of the structure function of samples heat treated at 773 K exhibit a good quantitative agreement with the theory of dynamic scaling for systems evolving by a coagulation mechanism. The kinetic parameters are the same for both peaks, indicating that the same mechanism is responsible for the structural evolution of both families of pores.
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Malyshkin, Aleksandr P., Andrei V. Esipov, and Mixail A. Esipov. "INCREASING THE RELIABILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMES OF MULTISTOREY BUILDINGS." Architecture, Construction, Transport, no. 2(108) (2024): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/2782-232x-2024-2-42-55.
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The aim of the numerical research was to develop a method to improve the reliability of multistorey buildings with monolithic reinforced concrete frames. The method was based on the analysis of the total area of possible slab destruction due to emergencies and failure of individual building elements located in different places in the plan and in height. To analyze the reliability of spatial reinforced concrete frames according to the principle of single failure of a separate load-bearing structure, we introduced the concept of failure area coefficient. It allowed us to estimate the failure effect of a load-bearing key element of the building on the total failure area of the building slabs. In spatial frame structures of multistorey buildings with reinforced concrete frame, the key elements of the structural system are columns, pylons, collars, beams and other elements that ensure the overall stability of the building. Increasing the overall reliability of the frame building suggest the introducing an additional reliability coefficient of survivability depending on the failure area factor. In addition, we proposed an algorithm for analyzing and rejection of unsuccessful structural systems of monolithic reinforced concrete frame buildings based on the evaluation of excessively high ratios of building failure area. We analyzed the structural systems on the example of two constructed multistorey residential and public buildings with monolithic reinforced concrete frames.
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Zenin, Sergey, Ravil Sharipov, Oleg Kudinov, and Evgeniy Chistyakov. "The development of the code of rules ‘Monolithic structural systems. Design rules’." Bulletin of Science and Research Center “Stroitelstvo”, no. 4(27)2020 (2020): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37538/2224-9494-2020-4(27)-18-27.
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Изложены сведения о разработанном проекте свода правил СП «Монолитные конструктивные системы. Правила проектирования». Описана структура проекта СП и приведены основные положения по проектированию конструктивных систем зданий из монолитного железобетона. При разработке проекта СП учтен опыт применения норм предыдущего поколения – СП 52-103-2007 «Железобетонные монолитные конструкции зданий».
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Halenko, Y., and O. Makhynia. "Classification of sliding formwork systems." Ways to Improve Construction Efficiency 1, no. 52 (2023): 157–70. https://doi.org/10.32347/2707-501x.2023.52(1).157-170.
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The article discusses modern sliding formwork systems, which are different from other types of formworks in that they can be moved during the construction of structures without the need for intermediate stages of formwork installation and removal. This, and the possibility of using a high level of process automation, allows to increase the rate of monolithic construction and significantly reduce the number of working seams, which in turn increases the structural reliability and reduces the complexity of formwork operations. The development of constructive solutions for sliding formwork systems has created a significant range of varieties of these systems, which allows expanding the range of applications for sliding formwork. Based on the analysis of existing sliding formwork systems, their classification is proposed according to the factors that influence the constructive solutions, namely: constructive solutions of forming elements, constructive solutions of the supporting part of the formwork system and the mechanism of movement of the formwork system in the process of constructing a monolithic structure. It is proposed to classify sliding formwork systems according to the following features of the structural solutions of the forming elements, namely: the size of the formwork panels; the shape of the surface of the forming elements; the location of the forming elements in relation to the structure being constructed; the geometry of the forming elements; the method of fixing the forming elements in relation to the surface of the structure being constructed; the material of the surface of the forming elements in contact with the freshly placed concrete mixture. According to the constructive solutions of the supporting part of the formwork system, it is proposed to consider the following features: the method of supporting the formwork part; the construction of jacking frames; the location of jacking rods. According to the mechanism of movement of the supporting part of the formwork system, it is proposed to distinguish the following features: elements that move in the process of raising a monolithic structure; direction of movement of the sliding formwork system; types of jacks used to move the formwork system; control system for moving the sliding formwork system. The presented classification takes into account technical parameters and functional properties, which contributes to a better understanding of the choice of the best type of formwork for specific construction tasks. The results of the study may be useful for engineers, architects and other construction industry professionals interested in improving the efficiency and quality of construction projects.
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Mitrovic, Bozidar. "Assessment of the resistance of monolithic reinforced concrete bearing systems to progressive collapse based on the principle of the level of permissible damage." Earthquake Engineering. Construction Safety, no. 3 (June 25, 2021): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37153/2618-9283-2021-3-61-72.
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The paper presents a method of using the reduction factor to ensure the stability of monolithic reinforced concrete bearing structures to progressive collapse.
 
 Studies have established the values of the reduction factor based on the accepted value of the relative deformation corresponding to the formation of an admissible zone of "destruction" of the support section of the overlap under the action of transverse forces, as the main criterion for asessing the stress-strain state of monolithic reinforced concrete structures for the failure mode of a vertical supporting structure.
 
 The accepted deformation criteria for a special limiting state correctly reflect the conditions for the formation of an admissible amount of damage to elements of bearing reinforced concrete systems.
 
 The reduction factor (K1) obtained in the framework of the research performed is the most important deformation characteristic of the special limiting state of monolithic reinforced concrete bearing systems of buildings and structures for an emergency design situation associated with the failure of a local structural element.
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Mohamed, Heba A., M. M. Husain, and Ayman M. Aboraya. "Progressive Collapse of RC Box Girder Bridges due to Seismic Actions." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (September 23, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1919683.
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Most of the recent studies focus on the progressive collapse of ordinary structures due to gravity and blast loads. A few focus on studying progressive collapse due to seismic actions, especially of bridge structures. The past major earthquakes have shown that it is possible to develop improved earthquake-resistant design techniques for new bridges if the process of damage from initial failure to ultimate collapse and its effects on structural failure mechanisms could be analyzed and monitored. This paper presents a simulation and analysis of bridge progressive collapse behavior during seismic actions using the Applied Element Method (AEM) which can take into account the separation of structural components resulted from fracture failure and falling debris contact or impact forces. Simple, continuous, and monolithic bridges’ superstructures were numerically analyzed under the influence of the severe ground motions not considering the live loads. The parameters studied were the superstructure redundancy and the effect of severe ground motion such as Kobe, Chi-Chi, and Northridge ground motions on different bridge structural systems. The effect of reducing the reinforcement ratio on the collapse behavior of RC box girders and the variation of columns height were also studied. The results showed that monolithic bridge models with reduced reinforcement to the minimum reinforcement according to ECP 203/2018 showed a collapse behavior under the effect of severe seismic ground motions. However, changing the bridge structural system from monolithic to continuous or simple on bearing bridge models could prevent the bridge models from collapse.
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Mironova, Juliya. "Structural solution of the horizontal joint of floor slabs in girderless frame." E3S Web of Conferences 274 (2021): 03017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127403017.
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Despite the widespread use of monolithic construction, precast concrete remains in demand in the construction of residential and administrative buildings. Regardless of the advantages in technology and the quality of work, it is necessary and appropriate to modernize the existing design solutions, which allows you to simplify and speed up the technological operations during construction. Moreover, in the construction of complex nodes and joints, the qualification of workers is important, so simplifying the work without losing the quality of construction and ensuring strength, stability and durability is an important task. This problem can be solved by using modern embedded parts in the joints that do not require welding and other complex technological operations. In this paper, a constructive solution of the horizontal joint of the floor slabs located in the zone of action of minimal forces is proposed on the example of a girderless frame. The purpose of the study is to determine the stress-strain state of the proposed structural solution of the horizontal joint of floor slabs using loopshaped embedded parts «PFEIFER» and to develop recommendations for determining the shear compliance. Based on the analysis of the results of numerical modeling, the features of the stress-strain state of the joint during shear operation are revealed. The results obtained can be used in the design of buildings with precast-monolithic ringless frames, in the modernization of existing standard solutions of precast-monolithic frames, as well as other load-bearing systems made of precast concrete.
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Xue, Weichen, Jie Lei, Bin Zhang, and Qian Huang. "Hysteretic Behavior of Full-Scale Precast U-Shaped Composite Beam–Column Connections with Large-Diameter Reinforcements under High Axial Compression." Buildings 14, no. 2 (2024): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14020317.
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This study introduces precast concrete beam–column connections comprised of composite beams, precast columns, and a monolithic joint core. The composite beams consist of U-shaped beams and floor slabs, leveraging the U-shaped beams for their lightweight nature, acceptable stiffness, and reduced demand for on-site support systems. To mitigate reinforcement congestion in the joint core, the precast connections incorporate large-diameter rebars (greater than 25 mm). This study conducted cyclic loading tests on four full-scale beam–column connections under 0.3 normalized compression, encompassing precast interior and exterior connections, along with two monolithic reference specimens, to investigate their behavior under seismic actions. The results revealed that all specimens exhibited bending failure at the beam ends, with minimal concrete deterioration observed in the joint core areas and columns. The hysteresis curves of the precast specimens and the monolithic connections exhibited a slight pinching effect. The strengths of the interior and exterior precast specimens were 13.3% and 7.8% lower than those of the reference monolithic connections, respectively. The ductility of interior precast connections and monolithic specimens stood at 2.36 and 2.23, respectively, indicating a negligible difference of less than 5%. Meanwhile, the positive and negative ductility of exterior precast connections were 3.06 and 2.34, which was approximately 8% lower than that of the reference connections. Furthermore, the stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacity of the precast specimens aligned closely with the performance of the reference monolithic ones.
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Poliuha, Roman, and Serhii Stoianovych. "Research of the dynamic characteristics of a reinforced concrete monolithic pre-stressed bridge span structure." Dorogi i mosti 2025, no. 31 (2025): 197–204. https://doi.org/10.36100/dorogimosti2025.31.197.
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Introduction. In Ukraine, reinforced concrete monolithic span structures using post-tensioned systems are becoming more and more popular. According to the results of recent studies and existing experience in the use of post-tensioning in bridge construction, the main advantages of such solutions compared to prefabricated pre-stressed structures can be identified, namely, an increase in the length of spans and a decrease in the cost of materials for their installation. Problems Statement. To achieve greater efficiency of post-tensioned span structures that would last the designed term, using all their advantages, it is important to obtain comprehensive information about the structure, its technical condition. Recent studies of such span structures conducted in Ukraine do not allow for a more qualitative assessment of the operation of these structures as a whole without a detailed study of their characteristics under dynamic loads. Therefore, the issue of studying the dynamic impact on monolithic reinforced concrete span structures arranged with the use of post-tensioned systems is relevant and requires additional research in order to improve and rationalize such structural solutions. Purpose. Research of dynamic characteristics (natural frequencies, oscillation decrement and dynamic coefficient) of a monolithic continuous prestressed span bridge structure with tension on concrete (post-tensioned system).
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Khalupka, Y. M., and V. V. Oryshchenko. "COMPARISON OF MONOLITHIC REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES IN CIVIL CONSTRUCTION." Building production, no. 77 (December 30, 2024): 92–95. https://doi.org/10.36750/2524-2555.77.92-95.
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Abstract. The article provides an analysis of the current topic regarding the advantages and challenges of monolithic reinforced concrete structures in civil construction. It includes summarized statistics on the number of residential buildings commissioned over the years. The main advantages and challenges of the frame-monolithic construction technology are analyzed, along with proposed solutions to these challenges to reduce construction costs and improve the quality of completed real estate projects. The benefits of monolithic reinforced concrete structures over brick and prefabricated reinforced concrete structures are highlighted from architectural, economic, and structural perspectives. The study concludes that monolithic reinforced concrete structures remain a popular choice in civil construction due to their strength, durability, and architectural flexibility. At the same time, their application requires consideration of economic, environmental, and technological factors. To enhance the efficiency of monolithic construction, it is necessary to improve concreting technologies, use innovative materials, and adopt more environmentally friendly solutions in concrete production. Examples are provided on how economic factors impact monolithic reinforced concrete construction not only in Ukraine but worldwide. The article demonstrates how the number of residential buildings commissioned annually in Ukraine has increased over the past five years. The key advantages and disadvantages of concreting work during the winter period are outlined, as this remains a relevant issue, given that monolithic reinforced concrete structures are installed during this season, requiring strict adherence to the concrete mixture heating process. The study also examines the planning of the construction process to ensure that the majority of work is carried out during warmer periods. Additionally, examples are provided on how to monitor the condition of formwork systems and replace worn-out components.
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Merkulov, Sergey, Natalya Polyakova, Vladimir Rimshin, Ekaterina Kuzina, and Alexey Neverov. "Construction building systems protection under emergency exposure." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 02014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913502014.
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The structural reliability of the building ensures the building safety as a whole and the safety of the population, therefore the issue of ensuring reliability arises primarily in the design process. Buildings must be protected from destruction during all types of force, as well as in the case of load-bearing structures destruction as a result of emergency. Emergency impact on an object is an unregulated impact that is created as a result of an object getting into a special situation and can lead to its accident. The causes of structures progressive collapse are considered in this article. The main methods and methods of protecting buildings from progressive destruction are given. The calculation analysis of the monolithic reinforced concrete building frame for progressive collapse according to the method of possible damage is performed. There are many calculated and constructive proposals for solving the problems of counteracting the progressive destruction that can be divided into three categories: secondary protection measures, indirect design and direct design. In this article the resulting reinforcement of structural elements is determined taking into account the structural requirements for the continuity of longitudinal reinforcement, the minimum percentage of reinforcement. They are determined in the necessary places of additional reinforcement depending on the accepted permanent (background) reinforcement of the floors.
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Mirkhalaf, Mohammad, Tao Zhou, and Francois Barthelat. "Simultaneous improvements of strength and toughness in topologically interlocked ceramics." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 37 (2018): 9128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1807272115.
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Topologically interlocked materials (TIMs) are an emerging class of architectured materials based on stiff building blocks of well-controlled geometries which can slide, rotate, or interlock collectively providing a wealth of tunable mechanisms, precise structural properties, and functionalities. TIMs are typically 10 times more impact resistant than their monolithic form, but this improvement usually comes at the expense of strength. Here we used 3D printing and replica casting to explore 15 designs of architectured ceramic panels based on platonic shapes and their truncated versions. We tested the panels in quasi-static and impact conditions with stereoimaging, image correlation, and 3D reconstruction to monitor the displacements and rotations of individual blocks. We report a design based on octahedral blocks which is not only tougher (50×) but also stronger (1.2×) than monolithic plates of the same material. This result suggests that there is no upper bound for strength and toughness in TIMs, unveiling their tremendous potential as structural and multifunctional materials. Based on our experiments, we propose a nondimensional “interlocking parameter” which could guide the exploration of future architectured systems.
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Kozelkov, M. M., A. V. Lugovoy, and R. Sh Sharipov. "The constructive solution for coupling a large-span steel coating with a bearing system made of monolithic reinforced concrete of the “Atomic energy” pavilion of JSC “VDNH”." Concrete and Reinforced Concrete 615, no. 1 (2023): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37538/0005-9889-2023-1(615)-5-13.
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Introduction. The increasing use of a variety of modern architectural forms of public buildings of mass use entails the search for appropriate design solutions that should ensure safety, serviceability, as well as the durability of load-bearing structural systems and their elements.Aim. Using the example of the designed and already under construction exhibition pavilion “Atomic Energy” on the territory of JSC “VDNH”, one of the possible solutions for the coupling of large-span roof system with a structural system of monolithic reinforced concrete is shown.This coupling option includes the supporting parts of the steel cantilever trusses of the roof embedded in monolithic pylons and bracing members. The calculations and detailing carried out showed that the new coupling solution meets the requirements of the current standards for load-bearing capacity, rigidity and crack resistance.Materials and methods. By means of numerical modeling using various computational complexes, analysis of experimental data of full-scale models and their comparison with modeling data, the initial data for the construction of the main load-bearing structures were obtained.Results. As a result of the applied integrated approach, the initial data for the construction of the main loadbearing structures with atypical cross-sectional parameters were obtained and verified.Conclusions. During the design of the load-bearing frame, the system of coupling of large-span steel trusses of the cantilever type with monolithic reinforced concrete structures of the “Atomic Energy” pavilion on the territory of JSC “VDNH” was improved.
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Izzati Azmin, Umar Kassim, Sinar Arzuria Adnan, et al. "Hybrid System Methods in Industrialised Building Systems (IBS): A Structural Compatibility Study." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 41, no. 2 (2024): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.41.2.8292.
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Hybrid System in Industrialised Building System (IBS) is combining IBS components with conventional method. Delay has become a familiar issue in construction field. The issues pertaining structure stability when using this combination method leads to delay while installing these two different method components. The combination also could cause a defect jointing. In Industrialised Building System (IBS), even though it is one of the technology methods that can save times, cost, and reduce labour in construction, but there still have constraints such as design issues, lack of experienced worker, and internal and external issues that can affect cost problems. In this study, the suitability structure based on combination method is investigated to discover the affected factors of suitability structure by using Hybrid System which is the aim of this study. The data analysis from quantitative survey shows that the top three affecting the building structure are: 1) weather effects with highest mean of 6.25 followed by 2) delay of jointing process at 6.03 and 3) defects from monolithic jointing at 5.93. Therefore, the amount of average data obtained shows that the most affected structure is the Hybrid System.
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Bedon, Chiara, Marco Fasan, and Claudio Amadio. "Vibration Analysis and Dynamic Characterization of Structural Glass Elements with Different Restraints Based on Operational Modal Analysis." Buildings 9, no. 1 (2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9010013.
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Given a series of intrinsic features of structural glass systems (i.e., material properties, type of restraints, operational conditions, etc.), special care should be spent at the design stage, to ensure appropriate fail-safe requirements, but also in the service life of these innovative building components and assemblies. In this paper, the dynamic characterization of simple monolithic glass elements is presented, based on non-destructive laboratory experiments and Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) techniques, including Finite Element (FE) numerical simulations, classical analytical models, and video-tracking approaches. It is shown, in particular, how the actual restraint condition (i.e., flexibility of supports, with respect to ideal boundaries) can affect the vibration parameters of a given glass member (frequency and damping capacity). This turns out in possible variations of its overall structural performance, including stress-strain-related effects, hence suggesting the need for even further dedicated studies and methods for the reliable analysis and design of structural glass assemblies and complex systems under dynamic loads.
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LYUBLINSKIY, V. A., and Ju V. MIRONOVA. "INCREASING THE RESISTANCE OF THE PLUG JOINT OF COLUMNS TO PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE." Building and reconstruction 103, no. 5 (2022): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2022-103-5-57-66.
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The necessity of developing solutions that increase the resistance of load-bearing systems to progressive destruction, leading to instant or prolonged destruction of individual structural elements and assemblies, is considered. The plug joint columns in prefabricated and prefabricated monolithic frames designed for compressive forces, in case of emergency impact, begins to work on tension. The maximum tensile forces in the columns and joints of a typical prefabricated frame in case of emergency impact are determined and options for upgrading the design solutions of the plug joint are proposed. It is proposed to use a plug-in part for the well of the plug joint of the prefabricated columns, which provides work for tensile forces. Multivariate numerical simulation of the plug joint was carried out taking into account the tensile work, strength characteristics were determined. Recommendations have been developed for the design of a plug joint for load-bearing systems, taking into account their work with progressive destruction, recommendations for reinforcing the joint depending on the efforts in it have been proposed. The results can be used in the design of plug joints of prefabricated and prefabricated monolithic frames.
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Kolchunov, Vitaly I., Natalia V. Fedorova, Sergei Y. Savin, and Pavel A. Kaydas. "Progressive Collapse Behavior of a Precast Reinforced Concrete Frame System with Layered Beams." Buildings 14, no. 6 (2024): 1776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061776.
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A possible way to improve the structural safety and robustness of precast building structures is to develop effective precast frame systems with layered beams, which combine prefabricated parts with cast-in situ ordinary concrete, high-performance concrete, fiber concrete, or FRP. The paper provides a new type of precast reinforced concrete frame system with layered beams for rapidly erected multi-story buildings resistant to accidental actions. Using a combination of the variational method and two-level design schemes, a simplified analytical model has been developed for structural analysis of the precast reinforced concrete frame system, both for serviceable and ultimate limit states as well as for accidental actions. The proposed model allows for determining shear deformations and the formation and opening of longitudinal cracks in the intermediate contact zone between precast and monolithic parts of reinforced concrete structural elements of the frame, as well as the formation and opening of normal cracks because of the action of axial tensile force or bending moment in these elements. The design model was validated by comparing the calculated and experimental data obtained from testing scaled models of the precast reinforced concrete frame system with layered beams. The paper investigates and thoroughly analyzes the factors affecting the stiffness and bearing capacity of the intermediate contact zone, discusses the criteria for the formation of shear cracks along the contact zone of precast and monolithic concrete, and examines the change in the stiffness and dissipative properties of layered elements at different stages of their static–dynamic loading. The robustness of the experimental models of the structural system was not ensured under the specified load, section dimensions, and reinforcement scheme. Following an accidental action, longitudinal cracks were observed in the contact joint between the monolithic and prefabricated parts in the layered beams. This occurred almost simultaneously with the opening of normal cracks in adjacent sections. A comprehensive analysis of the results indicated a satisfactory degree of agreement between the proposed semi-analytical model and the test data.
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Juodvalkis, Jonas, Egidijus Blaževičius, and Ramūnas Albertas Vipartas. "THE ANALYSIS OF UNFIXED BALANCE IN THERMAL EXCHANGE/NESTACIONARIŲ ŠILUMOS MAINŲ PASTATUOSE BALANSO ANALIZĖ." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 6, no. 1 (2000): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921525.2000.10531561.
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Today the tendency of building renovation is one-sided, ie thermal resistivity of enclosure constructions is being increased ignoring the temperature control possibilities in flats. Appreciable heat savings may be achieved solely through a duly coordination of the constructive building solutions with the type and power of heating systems and by the evaluation of an unfixed character of heat exchange. In the proposed method a building is treated as a heterogeneous body (∞>Bi>0). The conditions of the 3rd rate are accepted for the heat exchange between the elements of this body and the surroundings (1). The result of the equation solution is the determination of temperature alteration law in each element of a heterogeneous body (2). The non-monolithic enclosure constructions having a final number of elements may be changed by an equivalent monolithic body with equivalent thermal properties (3; 4).
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Kolchunov, Vitaly I., Pavel A. Korenkov, and Dinh Quoc Phan. "A special limit state of reinforced concrete frameswith laterally reinforced nodes in the case of emergency impacts." Vestnik MGSU, no. 11 (November 2021): 1462–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2021.11.1462-1472.
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Introduction. The increasing number of domestic and foreign publications on structural safety and survivability of buildings and structures evidences a great interest in the study of the problem of protecting bearing systems from progressive collapse. The relevance of these studies is determined by the ongoing rise in the number of man-induced, natural and terrorist impacts on buildings and structures. In this regard, the decisive factor is the expansion of experimental and theoretical studies, focused on ensuring the required level of survivability of bearing systems under such special impacts and, respectively, developing methods for protection from progressive collapse.
 Materials and methods. This work presents new results of experimental studies on models of a fragment of a multi-storied building made of monolithic reinforced concrete, whose nodes, connecting the girder and the column, are reinforced with laterally reinforced meshes designed to resist operational static loads and a special emergency impact caused by the failure of one ground-floor column in the framework.
 Results. The article presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies on the stress-strain state and crack resistance of reinforced concrete frames or fragments of multi-storied frameworks of buildings, made of monolithic reinforced concrete. Nodes of these buildings are laterally reinforced. The data on force-induced resistance of structures were obtained for cases of the static operational loading of a structure and special emergency impacts caused by the instantaneous withdrawal of one column on the ground floor. A comparative analysis of the pace of cracking, crack development and opening is made. The co-authors have made a benchmark assessment of parameters of limit and beyond-the-limit states, as well as elements of structural systems, having nodes with/without laterally reinforced meshes.
 Conclusions. The co-authors have identified the nature of actual deformation and destruction of elements in the bearing system, whose nodes are laterally reinforced. The co-authors have experimentally identified the principal properties of structural elements to allow for a more rigorous assessment of deformability and the bearing capacity of the effect produced by the lateral reinforcement on the resistance of structural systems in beyond-the-limit states.
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Stepanov, Oleksandr, and Halyna Klym. "Features of the Implementation of Micro-Interfaces in Information Systems." Advances in Cyber-Physical Systems 9, no. 1 (2024): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/acps2024.01.054.
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Microservices are a software development technique, or variant of the service-oriented architecture structural style, that organizes an application as a collection of loosely coupled services. The purpose of the work is to study the methodology for the design and implementation of information systems using micro-interfaces in order to improve the quality and speed of their development and facilitate their use. The article proposes a method of transforming the software system architecture from monolithic to microservice architecture. A brief review of existing architecture reengineering research has been provided and the advantages of a microservice approach have been identified. At the second stage, a transition to a modular architecture with the allocation of functionality into separate modules has been proposed. An experiment with a typical external single page application demonstrates the performance of the proposed algorithm.
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Tonkacheev, G., V. Tonkacheev, and K. Nosach. "Selection of formwork systems for arrangement of monolithic columns according to the method of integer rating of laborability and process duration." Ways to Improve Construction Efficiency 1, no. 47 (2021): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2707-501x.2021.47(1).96-107.
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The relevance of this article is related to the problem of standardization of technological processes in which there is construction equipment for concrete work. Almost all construction processes are performed using construction equipment. The arrangement of monolithic structures is accompanied by the processes of installation and dismantling of the formwork. It is impossible to make a reasonable choice of options for equipping construction processes according to the existing standard time norms. For all possible variants of column formwork, almost the same time norms are used [1].
 The article considers the comparison of several formwork options for the installation of monolithic reinforced concrete columns of frame structures. To determine the duration and complexity of the process used the method of integer rationing [2], which allows taking into account even minor changes in the formwork. Calculation by this method makes it possible to select the most effective options for formwork. As a basis, this technique uses an analysis of the number of actions and responsibilities of these actions in relation to the quality of the process and its reliability.
 Any construction equipment is characterized by structural and technological versatility, which also affects the choice of options conditions of the process, so the article provides an analysis of these factors in terms of quality. If in the structure of the structure there are columns with different cross-sectional dimensions or heights, the preference is given to formwork options with greater structural versatility.
 The material of the article opens a whole direction for further research in the field of construction equipment in other processes.
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Muir, C. A., D. K. Bull, and S. Pampanin. "Preliminary observations from biaxial testing of a two-storey, two-by-one bay, reinforced concrete slotted beam superassembly." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 45, no. 3 (2012): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.45.3.97-104.
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Displacement incompatibility between reinforced concrete moment frames and precast flooring systems has been shown experimentally, and in historical earthquakes, to be an area of concern. Plastic hinge formation necessitates beam damage and the resulting elongation of the beam reduces the seating length of the floor, exacerbates the floor damage and induces unanticipated force distributions in the system. In severe cases this can lead to collapse.
 The slotted beam is a detail that protects the integrity of the floor diaphragm, respects the hierarchy of strengths intended by the designer and sustains less damage. The detail provides the same ductility and moment resistance as traditional details, whilst exhibiting improved structural performance. This is achieved with only a subtle change in the detailing and no increase in build cost.
 This paper briefly presents the development of the slotted beam in reinforced concrete. The design and construction of a large scale reinforced concrete slotted beam superassembly is described. The experimental method used to undertake biaxial quasi-static testing is introduced. Preliminary observations from the experiment are presented. It is shown that the reinforced concrete slotted beam is a viable replacement for the traditional monolithic detail. Extremely promising structural performance and significantly reduced damage compared to monolithic reinforced concrete details is presented.
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Palermo, Alessandro, and Stefano Pampanin. "Enhanced Seismic Performance of Hybrid Bridge Systems: Comparison with Traditional Monolithic Solutions." Journal of Earthquake Engineering 12, no. 8 (2008): 1267–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13632460802003819.
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Tusnin, Alexander R., and Mikhail V. Postarnak. "Membrane structures: application experience and development prospects." Vestnik MGSU, no. 3 (March 2023): 401–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2023.3.401-415.
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Introduction. At present, studying an increase in the applicability of steel structures in all segments of the construction industry, particularly in residential construction, is relevant. Membrane systems are high-tech and economical structures. The behavior of large-span membrane structures is studied in great detail in practice. However, membranes, combined with medium and small spans, remain understudied.
 
 Materials and methods. Findings of basic theoretical, experimental and numerical studies of membrane systems, used in structural analysis and design, are provided. An advanced membrane slab design, designated for metal-framed multistory residential buildings, is described. Its flat support contour is rectangular in plan; it has a membrane and a monolithic concrete slab over it.
 
 Results. Lira-SAPR software package was used to conduct numerical studies of the membrane slab. The studies took account of its structural, geometrical and physical nonlinearity, and the results were compared with an experimental study. The distribution of forces in its support contour is typical for rectangular membrane structures with positive curvature shells.
 
 Conclusions. Numerical analysis of a full-scale structure and a tested model having a monolithic reinforced concrete slab on the membrane proved the long-term benefits of this structure. The results of numerical analysis demonstrate the qualitative convergence with the experimental data. The variable thickness of the slab resting on the membrane, collaboration of the slab, the membrane and the support contour, the physical nonlinearity of the system elements and, above all, the reinforced concrete slab must be taken into account to reduce the qualitative discrepancy between numerical and experimental results.
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Ivanov, Yu M. "DETERMINATION OF CONDITIONAL COEFFICIENTS FOR REDUCING THE RIGIDITY OF MONOLITHIC REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES IN THE FINITE ELEMENT MODEL OF THE STRUCTURE." STRUCTURAL MECHANICS AND ANALYSIS OF CONSTRUCTIONS 306, no. 1 (2023): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37538/0039-2383.2023.1.75.78.
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The article is devoted to an urgent problem related to the reasonable consideration of changes in the stiffness characteristics of core elements in finite element models when calculating buildings and structures made of monolith reinforced concrete. The approach proposed in the article is aimed at meeting the requirements of SP 63.133330-2018 "Concrete and reinforced concrete structures" and SP 430.1325800.201 "Monolithic structural systems". The sequence and content of the stages of solving the problem of determining conditional coefficients of stiffness reduction are disclosed. The results of calculation of conditional coefficients of stiffness reduction and modulus of concrete deformation are presented on the example. The area of variation of the coefficients and modulus of deformation for a given level of loading of the structure and structure is shown. It is shown how the change in the stiffness of the finite elements affects the redistribution of bending moments in the beam structure in comparison with the calculated model with the initial stiffness of the same for all finite elements of the model.
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Lluis-Teruel, Cinta, and Josep Lluis i Ginovart. "Construction of Structures with Thin-Section Ceramic Masonry." Buildings 15, no. 12 (2025): 2042. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15122042.
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Current regulatory principles focus on resistance and durability to ensure long-term robustness while optimizing sections to maximize efficiency and minimize material use, thus enhancing sustainability and reducing environmental impact. Historical ceramic masonry constructions fully adhere to these principles; however, they have been largely supplanted by modern materials. The compressive strength and functional advantages of structures built with ceramic masonry, particularly those featuring extremely thin wall sections, warrant a reassessment of their structural properties. This is exemplified by thin-tile vaults (ranging from 0.015 to 0.020 m in thickness) and hollow brick vaults with a thickness of less than 0.050 m, both of which represent highly efficient solutions. The proposed examples inherently meet these structural system properties due to their low energy dispersion, minimal gravitational weight, superior thermal performance, and monolithic tectonic composition using a single, easily recyclable material. This paper reviews the historical background of these construction systems, emphasizing their relevance in post-war periods when concrete and steel were scarce. It is concluded that these construction systems remain valid and are consistent with the principles of the circular economy, as well as with the structural safety standards of the 21st century.
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Capotondo, Federico, Steven Pirou, Bhaskar Reddy Sudireddy, et al. "Monolithic Stacks: The Next Evolution for Solid Oxide Electrolysis/Fuel Cell Technology." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 48 (2024): 3467. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02483467mtgabs.
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Different solutions adopted in producing Solid Oxide Cells (SOCs) have proven to be scalable and the technology is now approaching commercialization. The high energy conversion efficiency, coupled with the fuel flexibility and the reduced use of expensive catalyst materials promoted by the favorable thermodynamics at the operative temperatures, are making the technology increasingly attractive and stacks are finding applications in more fields. Large scale power-to-X plants, particularly the ones devoted to hydrogen production (Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells – SOEC), are among the solutions that are gaining most momentum in the energy market. X-to-power (Solid Oxide Fuel Cells – SOFC) solutions such as decentralized heat and electricity production, auxiliary power systems and heavy duty transport propulsion are spreading as well, facing challenges such as power density and dynamic load operation. Advancement in the SOC technology is opting at substituting ceramic materials with mechanical support function, in favor of metal. A lower amount of ceramic materials not only reduces the raw material costs, but also allows rapid thermal cycling without compromising the mechanical integrity of the cells – hence allowing faster start-ups and load regulations. Furthermore, our recent studies demonstrated a scalable and innovative layer integration process that allows to fabricate complex 3D multilayer structures with internal gas channels and cavities of different geometries, using conventional tape casting. The monolithic SOC stacks rising from this process, combined with the integration of metallic parts in the great majority of their volume, may achieve groundbreaking power densities and the dynamic load operation desired for the mentioned applications, while decreasing CapEX and resources necessary to produce high performing SOCs of the future. The monolithic SOC stacks obtained within this work are made of three standard repetitive units (SRUs). Each SRU consists of a SOC backbone, composed by two porous zirconia based electrode backbones to be infiltrated with appropriate electro-catalysts, a dense thin zirconia based electrolyte, two sets of ferritic steel gas channel structures – one at the fuel side and one at the oxygen side – conferring enhanced gas diffusion to the triple phase boundaries, mechanical support and electronic conductivity and composite metal/ceramic interconnect plates connecting in series the SRUs. The total number of layers co-fired to produce monoliths within this work is 19 and the monoliths are denoted as “MNx3” (nomenclature defined for a monolith stack with 3x SRUs). The cross section is showed in Figure, where scanning electron microscopy is complemented by qualitative energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to highlight the material composition of the three SRUs. This work presents the challenges and a solid framework for the solutions adopted to fabricate monolithic stacks aimed at hydrogen production, using the conventional tape casting shaping technique integrated with the innovative assembly process developed. Among the challenges, focus is given to i) the shaping of internal gas channels, ii) structural integrity during fabrication and operation and iii) the use of non-critical raw materials. Detailed electrochemical characterization is currently in progress and the results will be presented at the conference. Besides the real initial performance of the stacks at this development stage, it is speculated that SRU cells performance could get close to the ones of state of the art metal supported cells, also relying on electrocatalyst infiltration. Figure 1
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Butska, O. L., T. D. Nikiforova, T. Yu Shevchenko, and R. V. Butskyi. "SELECTION OF OPTIMAL PARAMETERS OF A LIGHTWEIGHT FLAT FLOOR WITH VOIDS MADE OF PLASTIC BALLS." Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, no. 2 (020) (June 3, 2024): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.260324.13.1037.
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Formulation of the problem. Architectural and construction design of buildings using reinforced concrete has led to an increase in the number of objects with an individual space-planning structure, a rich variety of facade and volumetric solutions. Today the question of the effectiveness of using flat prefabricated monolithic lightweight floors in the construction of multi-storey buildings with individual space-planning and architectural solutions is relevant. In a market economy interest in the issue of rational use of resources, namely the cost of concrete and reinforcement in construction, has sharply increased, which is directly related to attracting investment. As it is known, when designing buildings from prefabricated monolithic reinforced concrete, in contrast to prefabricated concrete, there is greater freedom in adopting the space-planning parameters of the building, and there may also be simpler design solutions, in particular for floors. The constructive solution of floors depends on numerous requirements for the building as a whole and directly for the floor. One of the requirements that influences the attraction of investments is a small material-intensive floor covering with significant spans of buildings of various structural systems. The effective use of lightweight precast monolithic reinforced concrete floors with voids made of plastic balls in construction requires a comprehensive technical and economic analysis of this innovative solution for the precast monolithic reinforced concrete floor structure. The purpose of the article is to perform a technical and economic comparison of various design options for a flat lightweight prefabricated monolithic floor. The influence of floor parameters on the consumption of concrete and reinforcement is considered. Conclusion. As a result of the research, it was established that it is rational to use hollow balls made from recycled materials as a material for making voids from balls in flat floors. Moreover, all studied floor options with spans of 6 m, 7 m, 8 m and void sizes made of balls with diameters of 180 mm, 315 mm and 50 0mm meet the requirements of the first and second groups of limit states.
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Mixios, K. E., S. P. Stefanidou, O. Markogiannaki, and V. K. Papanikolaou. "A model-based damage identification framework for R/C bridges using vibrational measurements." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2647, no. 22 (2024): 222007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2647/22/222007.
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Abstract Ensuring the structural integrity of bridges is crucial for maintaining road safety and minimizing traffic disruptions, as well as avoiding substantial direct and indirect economic losses. This study proposes a methodology for damage identification in R/C bridge systems by utilizing measured vibrational data from both the initial and damaged responses. In this context, a finite element model is developed, and its parameters are calibrated using Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms and Dynamic Mode Decomposition, which help match the numerical data to the measured data. The proposed methodology is demonstrated through a case study of a monolithic R/C bridge, with simulated experiments (e.g., damage scenarios) conducted to validate its effectiveness.
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Yan, Xueyuan, Suguo Wang, Canling Huang, Ai Qi, and Chao Hong. "Experimental Study of a New Precast Prestressed Concrete Joint." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10 (2018): 1871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8101871.
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Precast monolithic structures are increasingly applied in construction. Such a structure has a performance somewhere between that of a pure precast structure and that of a cast-in-place structure. A precast concrete frame structure is one of the most common prefabricated structural systems. The post-pouring joint is important for controlling the seismic performance of the entire precast monolithic frame structure. This paper investigated the joints of a precast prestressed concrete frame structure. A reversed cyclic loading test was carried out on two precast prestressed concrete beam–column joints that were fabricated with two different concrete strengths in the keyway area. This testing was also performed on a cast-in-place reinforced concrete joint for comparison. The phenomena such as joint crack development, yielding, and ultimate damage were observed, and the seismic performance of the proposed precast prestressed concrete joint was determined. The results showed that the precast prestressed concrete joint and the cast-in-place joint had a similar failure mode. The stiffness, bearing capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation were comparable. The hysteresis curves were full and showed that the joints had good energy dissipation. The presence of prestressing tendons limited the development of cracks in the precast beams. The concrete strength of the keyway area had little effect on the seismic performance of the precast prestressed concrete joints. The precast prestressed concrete joints had a seismic performance that was comparable to the equivalent monolithic system.
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Liew, Chin Kian, and Martin Veidt. "A Wavelet-Based Damage Detection Approach for Acousto-Ultrasonic In Situ Monitoring Systems." Key Engineering Materials 471-472 (February 2011): 809–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.809.
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In this research, an advanced signal processing technique using wavelet analysis has been developed for a guided wave structural health monitoring system. The approach was applied for the detection of delamination in carbon fibre reinforced composites. A monolithic piezoceramic actuator was attached to a laminate plate for wave generation while laser vibrometry was used to facilitate the measurements of the wave response in a sensor network. This database of wave response was then processed using the continuous wavelet transform to obtain the positional frequency content. Transforms between damaged and undamaged states were compared to ascertain the presence of defects by evaluating the total energy of the time-frequency density function. Results show high damage detection indices depending on the location of the sensor and normalisation factor applied while there are positive indications that this methodology can be extended for damage characterisation.
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Huszár, Zsolt. "Characterization and application of modern formwork systems during analysis of the aspect of industrial accident prevention." Védelem Tudomány a Katasztrófavédelem online szakmai, tudományos folyóirata 9, no. 1 (2024): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.61790/vt.2024.15245.
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In the field of the construction industry, many aspects of industrial accident protection must be taken into account in order to prevent extraordinary events. Furthermore the three most common types of questions asked in investments are what, when and for how much. This is no different in structural engineering within the construction industry. This issue is particularly interesting when we talk about temporary structures, such as slab formwork. With the finished product, such as a residential building, a public building or an industrial hall structure, formwork is no longer encountered, and yet it is one of the most costly and time-consuming processes of monolithic reinforced concrete structure construction. Post-calculations show that formwork accounts for about 35-40% of the total cost of reinforced concrete structural construction. Thus, it is understandable that both designers and contractors have always been concerned about how best to optimize the amount of formwork to be used and their timely use. For this reason, the remaining formwork bark panels, which partially replace the floor formwork, were developed. The article shows that time and cost factors can also influence the occurrence of extraordinary events.
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Więckowski, Andrzej. "Automating CSA cement-based reinforced monolithic ceiling construction." Automation in Construction 111 (March 2020): 103051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2019.103051.
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Tur, Viktor V., Andrei V. Tur, and Aliaksandr A. Lizahub. "Checking of the robustness of precast structural systems based on the energy balance method." Vestnik MGSU, no. 8 (August 2021): 1015–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2021.8.1015-1033.
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Introduction. The robustness requirements should be fulfilled already at the stage of conceptual design of the structural system, taking into account the use of various strategies for its protection from progressive collapse. Compared to monolithic reinforced concrete structural systems, precast concrete systems are more susceptible to the effects of accidental actions. To ensure the integrity of the damaged system in the original prefabricated structural system, it is necessary to provide (reserve) a sufficient number of horizontal (internal and perimetric) and vertical ties with the required degree of continuity and plastic deformability.
 
 Materials and methods. Analytical models of the resistance of horizontal ties based on the equations of the energy balance of the system.
 
 Results. On a real example of a prefabricated floor, calculations of the required parameters of horizontal ties were performed according to the proposed dependencies, based on the model of the energy balance of the system and the design models included in the standards of various countries. Comparison of the results obtained showed that the calculation models of the norms in a number of cases can give an unsafe result, underestimating the required cross-sectional area of horizontal ties. This is due to the fact that all dependencies for calculating the tie forces are based on constant values of the ultimate deflection (usually from 1/6 to 1/10 of the span) without checking the limiting deformability of horizontal ties.
 
 Conclusions. Deformability of ties is one of the basic parameters that should be monitored when checking the robustness of structural systems made of precast concrete. The proposed method, based on the provisions of the energy balance, makes it possible to take into account the limiting deformability of horizontal ties when determining the membrane (chain) forces and calculate the maximum dynamic response of the damaged structural system.
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Gandhi, M. V., B. S. Thompson, S. B. Choi, and S. Shakir. "Electro-Rheological-Fluid-Based Articulating Robotic Systems." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 111, no. 3 (1989): 328–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3259003.
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The limitations of the current generation of robotic systems has triggered a new research thrust for predicting the elastodynamic response of assemblages of articulating flexible-bodied systems. This research thrust is extended herein by proposing the fabrication of robotic systems in either monolithic or ultra-advanced composite laminated high-strength, high-stiffness materials in which are incorporated electro-rheological fluids. These multiphase fluid systems, which change their rheological behavior instantaneously when subjected to an externally applied electrical field, provide a potential for tailoring the vibrational characteristics of these hybrid materials from which the structural members of the proposed robotic systems are fabricated. This paper is focused on developing the necessary design tools for predicting the vibrational response of flexible multibodied articulating systems fabricated with this new class of advanced materials. A variational theorem is developed herein as a basis for finite element formulations which can be employed to predict the elastodynamic response of these systems. A coherent combination of experimental and theoretical work on cantilevered beams is presented to demonstrate the viability of the proposed design methodology. In addition, computer simulation results are presented to demonstrate the potential payoffs in terms of superior performance characteristics of a new generation of robotic systems capitalizing on this innovative and revolutionary design philosophy.
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Hajdasz, Magdalena. "VISUALIZING SIMULATED MONOLITHIC CONSTRUCTION PROCESSES/SUMODELIUOTO MONOLITINIŲ STATYBŲ PROCESO VIZUALIZAVIMAS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 14, no. 4 (2008): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1392-3730.2008.14.29.
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This paper concerns visualizing simulated construction processes by using two modules, which are part of the expert system. Modelling and analyzing construction processes by using simulation and visualizing results technique allows participants to provide an in‐depth insight into this complex undertaking. The system discussed has a hierarchical and modular structure and is designed for monolithic constructions. Major elements of this system are objects such as: concrete mixers, buckets, slip forms, cranes and a building team. The paper describes the work of two modules that enable combining production systems of sets of means, simulation, and visualisation results. Simulation is a valuable tool in analyzing construction process because it allows construction designers to carry out experiments that make evaluation of different variants possible. Visualizations presented offer an insightful approach to understand complexities of the construction process. The dynamic nature of the construction process has been taken into account and is handled by the system. Santrauka Nagrinėjamas sumodeliuoto statybų proceso vizualizavimas naudojant du modelius, kurie yra ekspertinės sistemos dalis. Statybos procesų modeliavimas ir analizavimas, pasitelkiant modeliavimo ir vizualizavimo rezultatus, leidžia pateikti dalyviams nuodugnų šio sudėtingo sumanymo supratimą. Aptariama ekspertinė sistema turi hierarchinę ir agreguotą struktūrą ir yra sukurta specialiai monolitinėms konstrukcijoms. Pagrindiniai šios sistemos elementai: betono maišyklės, kibirai, klojiniai, kranai ir statybos brigados. Šis straipsnis apibūdina dviejų modulių darbą, kuris leidžia suderinti gamybos sistemos priemonių, modeliavimo ir vizualizavimo rezultatus. Modeliavimas yra naudingas įrankis analizuojant statybos procesus, nes leidžia statybos projektuotojams atlikti eksperimentus, kurių metu įvertinamos įvairių variantų įgyvendinimo galimybės. Vizualizavimu išsamiai paaiškinama, kas yra statybos proceso sudėtingumas. Buvo atsižvelgta į dinaminę statybos proceso prigimtį, ir tai buvo išspręsta naudojant šią sistemą.
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ADAMENKO, Viacheslav, та Oleh ROMANYSHEN. "IMPLEMENTATION OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM) PRINCIPLES AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS IN THE DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE AND СOMPOSITE STEEL-REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMED BUILDINGS". Building constructions. Theory and Practice, № 13 (23 грудня 2023): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2522-4182.13.2023.51-61.
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The development of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in historical context hasbeen analyzed, including CAD systems for 2D and 3D modeling, considered predecessors of modern BIM systems, parametric 3D modeling systems, the use of information technologies for structural analysis, issues of combined use of BIM systems and information technologies for structural analysis.Using the example of a 20-story frame-monolithic residential building, the sequence of creating a building information model in PC SAPPHIRE, forming a calculation model of the reinforced concrete frame in PC Lira-SAPR through direct integration of the specified software complexes is demonstrated. The issues of preparing a building information model in PC SAPPHIRE for transfer to PCLira-SAPR are discussed, as well as the issues of refining the calculation model in PC Lira-SAPR, including assigning stiffness and load characteristics, and selecting reinforcement for structural elements. Тhe sequence of creating a calculation model of a steel-reinforced concrete frame for three options of steel-reinforced concrete columns is considered: tubular concrete columns; tubular concrete columns with rigid reinforcement by cross steel strips; tubular concrete columns with rigid reinforcement by cross double T-sections.For the selected most loaded columns, mainly on the first floor, operating under the conditions of central or off-center compression, the sequence of forming refined calculation models is demonstratedby modeling these columns and areas of their connection to the floor slabs with 3D finite elements.Equivalent stress iso-surfaces are provided, as well as separate iso-surfaces of equivalent stresses of the steel shell and separately the concrete core of the columns
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MULLER, Marina Figueiredo, Amanda GARBERS, Filipe ESMANIOTO, Natan HUBER, Eduardo Rocha LOURES, and Osiris CANCIGLIERI Junior. "DATA INTEROPERABILITY ASSESSMENT THOUGH IFC FOR BIM IN STRUCTURAL DESIGN – A FIVE-YEAR GAP ANALYSIS." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 23, no. 7 (2017): 943–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2017.1341850.
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In the last years the aec (architecture, engineering and construction) industry has been influenced by the development of building information modelling (bim). With the creation of complex systems, the need for efficient interoperability arises. Based on a study of bim interoperability dimensions and its levels, this research presents an interoperability assessment of bim system in the structural domain, especially considering cast-in-place concrete structures, since they present some special challenges for system interoperability. This assessment was conducted by experiments that imported and exported structural models and structural elements through a non-proprietarz standard for bim models (ifc- industry foundation classes). The experiments were conducted twice, with a five year gap from each other, so the evolution of the interoperability could be assessed as well. The results showed that some special characteristics must be considered in order to achieve efficient interoperability for cast-in-place concrete structures – these structures are monolithic and they have reinforcement steel bars that need detailing. Also, the research showed that in the five-year gap there were evolutions in interoperability, like in object identifiers, which had a considerable improvement. However, some of the major problems remain, such as overlapping of structural parts.
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Dessi-Olive, Jonathan. "Strategies for Growing Large-Scale Mycelium Structures." Biomimetics 7, no. 3 (2022): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7030129.
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Fungi-based materials (myco-materials) have been celebrated and experimented with for their architectural and structural potential for over a decade. This paper describes research applied to assembly strategies for growing large building units and assembling them into efficiently formed wall prototypes. A major concern in the development of these two fabrication strategies is to design re-usable formwork systems. La Parete Fungina demonstrates two undulating wall units standing side-by-side, each composed of seventeen myco-welded slabs. L’Orso Fungino revisits the in situ monolithic fabric forming of units that are repeated, stacked, and post-tensioned. Although the design and research presented in this paper focuses on overcoming the challenges of growing large-scale building components, this work also touches on issues of accessibility and technology, economic and logistical systems needed for building-scale applications, and material ethics of energy and waste associated with emerging biomaterial production.
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BANDERA, J. P., J. A. RODRÍGUEZ, L. MOLINA-TANCO, and A. BANDERA. "A SURVEY OF VISION-BASED ARCHITECTURES FOR ROBOT LEARNING BY IMITATION." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 09, no. 01 (2012): 1250006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843612500065.
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Learning by imitation is a natural and intuitive way to teach social robots new behaviors. While these learning systems can use different sensory inputs, vision is often their main or even their only source of input data. However, while many vision-based robot learning by imitation (RLbI) architectures have been proposed in the last decade, they may be difficult to compare due to the absence of a common, structured description. The first contribution of this survey is the definition of a set of standard components that can be used to describe any RLbI architecture. Once these components have been defined, the second contribution of the survey is an analysis of how different vision-based architectures implement and connect them. This bottom–up, structural analysis of architectures allows to compare different solutions, highlighting their main advantages and drawbacks, from a more flexible perspective than the comparison of monolithic systems.