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Academic literature on the topic 'Monomère fonctionnel'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Monomère fonctionnel"
Aftim, Nadin. "Polymères à empreinte moléculaire pour l'extraction d'un insecticide organophosphoré utilisé en oléiculture : le phosmet." Thesis, Perpignan, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PERP0030.
Full textThe objective of this thesis has been the synthesis of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for the extraction of phosmet, an organophosphorus pesticide widely used in olive growing. The search for the functional monomer (FM) having the best ability to interact non-covalently with phosmet in the presence of the most suitable pore-forming solvent was carried out for the first time by means of an acetylcholinesterase sensor. This innovative strategy allowed us to better understand the kinetic mechanisms of FM-template interaction. Because of the importance of its role in determining the structure of a MIP, the selection of a crosslinking agent with adequate physicochemical characteristics made it possible to select the best MIP, whose adsorption isotherms were studied according to Freundlich and Langmuir models. Extraction of phosmet using a Molecularly Imprinted Solid Phase Extraction (MISPE) procedure was carried out via an SPE cartridge, whose capacity was evaluated from a standard solution. The choice of reagents and experimental conditions were validated by carrying out selectivity assays using another organophosphorus insecticide. Extraction of phosmet from olive oil was successfully carried out according to an optimized reverse flow extraction protocol. This work opens new opportunities for studying new FM-template interactions by means of enzymatic biosensors capable of detecting other inhibitors such as herbicides, fungicides and other pesticides
Doutaz, Stéphane. "Polymérisation anionique de l'épichlorhydrine par activation du monomère : synthèse de (co)polymères fonctionnels et applications." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14159/document.
Full textAssociation of tetraoctylammonium halide and triisobutylaluminium allows anionic polymerization of epoxides by an activated monomer mechanism. This catalytic system was applied to the synthesis of (co)polymers of epichlorohydrin. The synthesis of poly(epichlorohydrin) was achieved in a controlled manner allowing the preparation of polymers with molar masses up to 100 000 g/mol. This approach was extended to the synthesis of statistic and block copolymers of epichlorohydrin with various substituted oxirane : propylene oxide, tert-butyl glycidyl ether and allyl glycidyl ether.In order to extend the application field of this ω-hydroxyl polyether, we have investigated the introduction of functional groups at the beginning of the polymer chain. For this purpose, the influence of the substituted group on the aluminium and the nature of the initiator were examined on the efficiency and the specificity of the initiation step
Rassou, Somasoudrame. "Polymérisation anionique d’oxiranes fonctionnels selon le mécanisme de monomère activé." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066749.
Full textSynthesis of polyether-based polyelectrolyte containing amine functions have scarcely been studied, while this polymer family offers a large set of potential applications in the biomedical domain and in material science for energetic application. With the aim of circumventing the use of the toxic epichlorhydrin, the present subject is revisiting the anionic ring opening polymerization of a set of monomers containing a protected amine and a polymerizable oxirane function. The syntheses of the monomers were first reported through the direct oxidation of unsaturated monomers containing ech a protected amine moities. Then these monomers were polymerized by anionic ring opening polymerization. The best results were achieved with glycidylphtalimide using an activated monomer mechanism. The homopolymers conditions synthesis were extended to the synthesis of block copolymers
Rojo, Duran Sergio. "Synthèse d’ionomères par polycondensation directe de monomères fonctionnels." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1294/document.
Full textThis thesis describes the synthesis and characterization of proton conducting polymers for application as membrane for fuel cells (PEMFC). The approach for the synthesis of polymers consists in creating polymers from direct polycondensation of functional monomers, in order to better control their final IEC. Three sulphonated monomers and three phosphonated monomers have been first synthetized. Different types of polyarylethers (one of them is both sulphonated and phosphonated) and one perfluorinated polymer (PFCB) have been synthetised by direct polycondensation of functional monomers. In order to explain the influence of the solvent in the final morphology of the membrane, and the relation between its structure and properties, one morphological study has been realized to the obtained polymers but also to their analogues “statistical” polymers. In general, the blocks polymers obtained the highest values of conductivity. One polyarylether seems particularly interesting, because its conductivity value is much higher than Nafion®’s, and has a smaller swelling value. The perfluorinated polymer has also an interesting conductivity value (138 mS/cm). This thesis work is, to the best of our knowledge, the first example of the synthesis of a sulphonated PFCB obtained by direct polycondensation but also the first example of synthesis of a both sulfonated/phosphonated polyarylethers by direct copolymerisation of to types of functional monomers
Petrova, Petya. "Synthèse de nouveaux monomères trifluorovinyliques fonctionnels et leurs copolymérisations avec des oléfines fluorées." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20034.
Full textLabbé, Amélie. "Polymérisation anionique des époxydes et des éthers glycidiques par activation du monomère : régulation de la réactivité et application à la synthèse de polymères fonctionnels." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13481.
Full textDuhirwe, Gilbert. "Polymères à empreintes moléculaires biodégradables : synthèse de nouveaux monomères fonctionnels et agents réticulants à base de sucres." Thesis, Amiens, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AMIE0008/document.
Full textMolecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic biomimetic materials, capable of recognizing and specifically binding a target molecule in a similar way to the natural receptors (antibodies, enzymes, hormone receptors). Considering their screening ability, their mechanical and chemical stability and their weak production cost compared to conventional biomolecules, these materials are used in separative, bioreceptors, synthesis and catalysis fields. However, the use of these materials in controlled drug delivery for clinical applications is still limited due to their lack of biodegradation and biocompatibility. The main drawback lies in the use of functional monomers and cross-linking agents based on petrochemicals products. In this work, we have studied the use of functional monomers and cross-linking agents based on sugars for the development of biodegradable and biocompatible MIPs. These molecules derived from biomass resources are potentially cleavable by enzymes. Firstly, our study focused on selective modification in order to graft polymerisable functions through ester, amide and triazole groups of derivatives based on di-, tri-, and oligosaccharides. Under enzymatic conditions, we observed and verified the cleavage of glycosidic bonds. We finally began a preliminary study of polymerization with these new molecules. Our first results showed that our compounds allowed obtaining hydrophilic polymers, which are degradable under enzymatic conditions
Chuda, Katarzyna. "Élaboration et modification sous rayonnement des polymères fonctionnels pour les microsystèmes analytiques." Lille 1, 2005. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/55368e96-85f4-4fe2-bcc6-74ad9db76d59.
Full textGody, Guillaume. "Synthèse de monomères saccharidiques pour l'élaboration de glycopolymères à gradient, α-fonctionnels et à blocs par le procédé RAFT : application à l'immobilisation de biomolécules par reconnaissance spécifique ou par covalence." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10302.
Full textIn the biological diagnosis field, glycopolymers are particularly interesting since they can be used either as support for covalent coupling of biomolecules or as multivalent architectures that favor the recognition processes with proteins. The purpose of this PhD thesis was the synthesis of original and well-defined gycopolymers, using a controlled radical polymerization technique, the RAFT process, with the aim of preparing new useful tools for diagnosis tests (capture and detection of nucleic acids and pathogenic agents). Five glycomonomers derived from D-galactose, D-mannose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine were synthesized and then copolymerized with N-acryloylmorpholine (NAM) in the presence of three dithiobenzoate derivatives used as chain transfer agents (two of them bearing a biotin). Statistical copolymers (some -biotinylated) with various DPn in saccharide moieties were prepared in a controlled manner (Ip = 1,1-1,3). The “living” character of polymer chains was confirmed by preparing a diblock copolymer (consisting of NAM and N-acryloxysuccinimide (NAS) statistically copolymerized, thus providing lateral activated ester functional groups useful for further modification). Finally, three applications highlighted the potentialities of these glycopolymers : synthesis of “glycopolymer-ODN” conjugates using galactosylated glycopolymers ; preparation of biotinylated gold glyconanoparticules, characterized by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) ; study of the specific recognition between mannosylated glycopolymers and lectin ConA by capillary electrophoresis
Bachouchi, Nacima. "Étude structurale et fonctionnelle du sous-fragment 1 de la myosine de muscle squelettique de lapin : étude comparative du dimère et du monomère." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112439.
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