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Journal articles on the topic 'Monopolar Configuration'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Johnson, Matthew D., Yazan M. Dweiri, Jason Cornelius, et al. "Model-based analysis of implanted hypoglossal nerve stimulation for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea." Sleep 44, Supplement_1 (2021): S11—S19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa269.

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Abstract Study Objectives Individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by frequent sleep disruptions from tongue muscle relaxation and airway blockage, are known to benefit from on-demand electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve. Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) therapy, which activates the protrusor muscles of the tongue during inspiration, has been established in multiple clinical studies as safe and effective, but the mechanistic understanding for why some stimulation parameters work better than others has not been thoroughly investigated. Methods In this study, w

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2

Middlebrooks, John C. "Cochlear-Implant High Pulse Rate and Narrow Electrode Configuration Impair Transmission of Temporal Information to the Auditory Cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 100, no. 1 (2008): 92–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01114.2007.

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In the most commonly used cochlear prosthesis systems, temporal features of sound are signaled by amplitude modulation of constant-rate pulse trains. Several convincing arguments predict that speech reception should be optimized by use of pulse rates ≳2,000 pulses per second (pps) and by use of intracochlear electrode configurations that produce restricted current spread (e.g., bipolar rather than monopolar configurations). Neither of those predictions has been borne out in consistent improvements in speech reception. Neurons in the auditory cortex of anesthetized guinea pigs phase lock to the

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3

Xu, Li, Teresa A. Zwolan, Catherine S. Thompson, and Bryan E. Pfingst. "Efficacy of a Cochlear Implant Simultaneous Analog Stimulation Strategy Coupled with a Monopolar Electrode Configuration." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 114, no. 11 (2005): 886–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940511401113.

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Objectives: The present study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and clinical feasibility of using monopolar stimulation with the Clarion Simultaneous Analog Stimulation (SAS) strategy in patients with cochlear implants. Methods: Speech recognition by 10 Clarion cochlear implant users was evaluated by means of 4 different speech processing strategy/electrode configuration combinations; ie, SAS and Continuous Interleaved Sampling (CIS) strategies were each used with monopolar (MP) and bipolar (BP) electrode configurations. The test measures included consonants, vowels, consonant-nucleus-con

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4

Harris, Alexander R., David B. Grayden, and Sam E. John. "Electrochemistry in a Two- or Three-Electrode Configuration to Understand Monopolar or Bipolar Configurations of Platinum Bionic Implants." Micromachines 14, no. 4 (2023): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14040722.

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Electrodes are used in vivo for chemical sensing, electrophysiological recording, and stimulation of tissue. The electrode configuration used in vivo is often optimised for a specific anatomy and biological or clinical outcomes, not electrochemical performance. Electrode materials and geometries are constrained by biostability and biocompatibility issues and may be required to function clinically for decades. We performed benchtop electrochemistry, with changes in reference electrode, smaller counter-electrode sizes, and three- or two-electrode configurations. We detail the effects different e

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De Keyser, J., and M. Echim. "Electric potential differences across auroral generator interfaces." Annales Geophysicae 31, no. 2 (2013): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-251-2013.

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Abstract. Strong localized high-altitude auroral electric fields, such as those observed by Cluster, are often associated with magnetospheric interfaces. The type of high-altitude electric field profile (monopolar, bipolar, or more complicated) depends on the properties of the plasmas on either side of the interface, as well as on the total electric potential difference across the structure. The present paper explores the role of this cross-field electric potential difference in the situation where the interface is a tangential discontinuity. A self-consistent Vlasov description is used to det

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Alqahtani, Abdulrahman. "Investigating Different Paradigms of Electrical Stimulation for Retinal Prosthesis." Majmaah Journal of Health Sciences 12, no. 2 (2024): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/mjhs.2024.02.011.

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Background and Aims: Retinal prostheses have been suggested to restore vision for those with retinal diseases. This study aimed to identify the most effective stimulation approaches for retinal prostheses. Methods: This study examined various return electrode configurations on a realistic retinal ganglion cell model. Two return electrode configurations, monopolar and hexapolar, were implanted on epiretinal side. There were four waveforms used to send electrical current through the active electrode. The study also compared two stimulation methods: single stimulation and concurrent (parallel) st

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7

Espinoza, Lidia C., Angélica Llanos, Marjorie Cepeda, et al. "Optimization of a Monopolar Electrode Configuration for Hybrid Electrochemical Treatment of Real Washing Machine Wastewater." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 13 (2025): 6445. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136445.

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This study focuses on the design and optimization of a monopolar electrode configuration for the hybrid electrochemical treatment of real washing machine wastewater. A combined electrocoagulation (EC) and electro-oxidation (EO) system was optimized to maximize pollutant removal efficiency while minimizing energy consumption. The monopolar setup employed mixed metal oxide (MMO) and aluminum anodes, along with a stainless steel cathode, operating under controlled conditions with sodium chloride as the supporting electrolyte. An applied current density of 15 mA cm−2 achieved 90% chemical oxygen d

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De Keyser, J., R. Maggiolo, and M. Echim. "Monopolar and bipolar auroral electric fields and their effects." Annales Geophysicae 28, no. 11 (2010): 2027–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-28-2027-2010.

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Abstract. Most of the high-altitude auroral electric fields observed by CLUSTER can be classified into monopolar and bipolar structures. The observations associate monopolar electric fields with polar cap boundary arcs, while bipolar fields tend to be linked to discrete arcs within the auroral oval and to polar cap arcs. The present paper proposes an explanation for this association based on a simple model of the magnetotail configuration and kinetic model computations. The paper introduces a quasi-electrostatic model to describe the auroral current system associated with monopolar and bipolar

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9

V S, Nethravathi, and Krishna B M. "ELECTROCHEMICAL TREATMENT OF LEACHATE BY MONOPOLAR CONFIGURATION USING IRON ELECTRODE." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 06, no. 11 (2017): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2017.0611013.

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10

Mohd Zawi, Nor Liza, Raihan Othman, M. H. Ani, and Hens Saputra. "Performance Characteristics of Bipolar Zn/MCM-41/ MnO₂ Cell." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 1055–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.1055.

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We investigate Zn/MnO2 Leclanché cell employing inorganic MCM-41 membrane separator. MCM-41 membrane is developed onto zinc anode substrate from dip coating procedure, performed at room temperature. The parent solution for synthesis consisted of quarternary ammonium surfactant, cethyltrimethylammonium bromide C16H33(CH3)3NBr (CTAB) as the organic template, sodium hydroxide, deionized wateSubscript textr, ethanol and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS). Zn/MCM-41/MnO2 cell, about the size of R2025 coin cell, is fabricated both in monopolar and bipolar designs. Bipolar cell configuration enhances the

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11

Zhang, Zheyuan, Xichen Yuan, Huijie Guo, and Peng Shang. "The Influence of Electrode Design on Detecting the Effects of Ferric Ammonium Citrate (FAC) on Pre-Osteoblast through Electrical Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS)." Biosensors 13, no. 3 (2023): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13030322.

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Detection sensitivity is a crucial factor in the application of ECIS sensors. For these biosensors, the electrode configuration has a direct impact on sensitivity, yet few studies on monopolar electrodes have been reported. In this study, ECIS sensor arrays, which have a series of working electrode configuration with a wide diameter range and different electrode number, were fabricated to monitor living osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. The experimental results revealed that when the electrode diameter was larger than 25 μm, electrodes with smaller diameter and number yielded higher impedance va

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12

Goertz, Max, Simon Wenig, Simon Beckler, Carolin Hirsching, Michael Suriyah, and Thomas Leibfried. "Analysis of Cable Overvoltages in Symmetrical Monopolar and Rigid Bipolar HVDC Configuration." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 35, no. 4 (2020): 2097–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2019.2960851.

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13

TRIELING, R. R., A. H. LINSSEN, and G. J. F. VAN HEIJST. "Monopolar vortices in an irrotational annular shear flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 360 (April 10, 1998): 273–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112098008593.

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The evolution characteristics of monopolar vortices in an irrotational annular shear flow were investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The background flow was generated in a rotating tank by an appropriate source–sink configuration, while the monopolar vortex was created by withdrawing fluid for a short time. Dye-visualization studies demonstrated the gradual destruction of the vortex through a process called ‘vortex stripping’, i.e. long filaments of passive tracers were being shed from the edge of the vortex. In contrast to uniform shear flows, these filaments were asymmetrically

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Dr., Krishna M. K., Manjunath H.N Dr., and Siddiqa Ayesha. "TREATMENT OF SERVICE STATION WASTEWATER USING ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 5, no. 7 (2017): 348–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.837276.

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The various electrodes such as iron, aluminium, stainless steel and graphite are used in this study. Main objectives of the present paper is to evaluate the removal of COD, pH, TDS and oil and grease from the automobile wastewater by Electro coagulation using iron as Monopolar configuration at different voltages and electrolysis time. To study the effect of inter electrode spacing and effect of different initial pH for the removal of selected parameter at constant voltage for the iron electrode. The removal efficiency decreases with increase in electrode spacing as 71.2% of COD, 96.5% of TDS a

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15

Xiong, Wen Jie, Huai Qiang Yu, and Zhi Hong Li. "Design and Simulation of a Parylene-Based Three-Dimensional Cuff Electrode for Peripheral Nerve Stimulation." Key Engineering Materials 609-610 (April 2014): 1459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.609-610.1459.

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In this paper, a parylene-based three-dimensional cuff electrode for peripheral nerve stimulation was proposed and simulated. The three-dimensional (3D) finite element model was built for simulation study of the electrode. The simulation results show this design has higher power efficiency than conventional planar electrode and it can realize selective stimulation of different fascicles in the target nerve. Moreover, the tripolar configuration has better control of the stimulation electric field than monopolar.

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Goertz, M., S. Wenig, S. Beckler, C. Hirsching, M. Suriyah, and T. Leibfried. "Overvoltage characteristics in symmetrical monopolar HB MMC-HVDC configuration comprising long cable systems." Electric Power Systems Research 189 (December 2020): 106603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106603.

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17

HOTTA, Yu, and Kenichi ITOH. "Superiority of Monopolar Configuration over Bipolar Configuration in Surface Electromyography for Measuring Muscle Fatigue during Low-Level Isometric Contractions." Biomechanisms 21 (2012): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3951/biomechanisms.21.231.

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18

Middlebrooks, John C., and Julie Arenberg Bierer. "Auditory Cortical Images of Cochlear-Implant Stimuli: Coding of Stimulus Channel and Current Level." Journal of Neurophysiology 87, no. 1 (2002): 493–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00211.2001.

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This study quantified the accuracy with which populations of neurons in the auditory cortex can represent aspects of electrical cochlear stimuli presented through a cochlear implant. We tested the accuracy of coding of the place of stimulation (i.e., identification of the active stimulation channel) and of the stimulus current level. Physiological data came from the companion study, which recorded spike activity of neurons simultaneously from 16 sites along the tonotopic axis of the guinea pig's auditory cortex. In that study, cochlear electrical stimuli were presented to acutely deafened anim

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19

de Vos, Cecile C., Marjolein P. Hilgerink, Hendrik P. J. Buschman, and Jan Holsheimer. "Electrode Contact Configuration and Energy Consumption in Spinal Cord Stimulation." Operative Neurosurgery 65, suppl_6 (2009): ons210—ons217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000342407.62397.01.

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Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that in spinal cord stimulation, an increase in the number of cathodes increases the energy per pulse, contrary to an increase in the number of anodes, which decreases energy consumption per pulse. Methods: Patients with an Itrel III (7425; Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN) implantable pulse generator and a Pisces-Quad (3487A; Medtronic, Inc.) implantable quadripolar lead were selected for this study. A set of 7 standard contact configurations was used for each patient. Resistor network models mimicking these configurations were constructed. The Unive

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Maiato, Helder, Paula Sampaio, Catarina L. Lemos, et al. "MAST/Orbit has a role in microtubule–kinetochore attachment and is essential for chromosome alignment and maintenance of spindle bipolarity." Journal of Cell Biology 157, no. 5 (2002): 749–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200201101.

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Multiple asters (MAST)/Orbit is a member of a new family of nonmotor microtubule-associated proteins that has been previously shown to be required for the organization of the mitotic spindle. Here we provide evidence that MAST/Orbit is required for functional kinetochore attachment, chromosome congression, and the maintenance of spindle bipolarity. In vivo analysis of Drosophila mast mutant embryos undergoing early mitotic divisions revealed that chromosomes are unable to reach a stable metaphase alignment and that bipolar spindles collapse as centrosomes move progressively closer toward the c

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Tejada tovar, Candelaria nahir, Angel Villabona Ortíz, and Rafael Contreras Amaya. "Electrocoagulation as an Alternative for the Removal of Chromium (VI) in Solution." Tecnura 25, no. 68 (2021): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/22487638.17088.

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Context: The contamination of water sources by the discharge of effluents contaminated with chromium (VI) is a current environmental problem because it is a toxic pollutant for humans, animals, plants, and microorganisms; it can be carcinogenic and has a high solubility in an aqueous environment. This research aims to study the electrochemical removal of hexavalent chromium by electrocoagulation using iron and aluminum electrodes with monopolar configuration, evaluating the effect of residence time, voltage, and the number of electrodes on the removal efficiency. Methodology: The experim

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Choopum, Cattareya, and Boonchai Techaumnat. "Numerical Investigation on the Effects of Wind and Shielding Conductor on the Ion Flow Fields of HVDC Transmission Lines." Energies 16, no. 1 (2022): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010198.

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Ion flow field is an important aspect of high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines. In this paper, we apply the upwind finite volume method for solving the ion flow field of three HVDC configurations to clarify the effect of the wind and the role of shielding conductors. For the monopolar configuration installation, the ground current distribution with underbuilt shield wires was studied numerically and experimentally. For the ±250 kV bipolar configuration, the calculated peak electric field and current density are verified with the values in a reference. The ±500 kV bipolar config

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Khalili Moghadam, Gita, Robert Wilke, Gregg J. Suaning, Nigel H. Lovell, and Socrates Dokos. "Quasi-Monopolar Stimulation: A Novel Electrode Design Configuration for Performance Optimization of a Retinal Neuroprosthesis." PLoS ONE 8, no. 8 (2013): e73130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073130.

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Nur, Ansiha, and Agus Jatnika. "ELEKTROKOAGULASI MONOPOLAR UNTUK MENYISIHKAN ORGANIK DAN MINYAK LEMAK AIR BUANGAN DOMESTIK (GREY WATER)." Jurnal Dampak 14, no. 2 (2017): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/dampak.14.2.81-86.2017.

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Electrocoagulation is an electrochemical technology to treat organic and inorganic wastewater without the use of chemicals so as not to increase the burden of environmental pollution. Electrocoagulation performance is influenced by electrode type, current density and number of electrodes. The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness of COD and oil grease removal from domestic waste water (grey water) through electrocoagulation process. The experiment was conducted in batch using monopolar electrode configuration, with aluminum electrodes 95,7%. In this research, electric current d

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Rodionov, V. I., V. I. Gelfand, and G. G. Borisy. "Kinesin-like molecules involved in spindle formation." Journal of Cell Science 106, no. 4 (1993): 1179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.106.4.1179.

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To study the possible involvement of kinesin-like molecules in mitosis a polyclonal antibody against the head domain of Drosophila kinesin heavy chain (HD antibody) was microinjected into PtK1 cells at the prophase-prometaphase transition. Progress of the cell through mitosis was recorded for subsequent detailed analysis. Cells injected with pre-immune IgG progressed through mitosis at rates similar to those for noninjected cells. After HD antibody injections, chromosomes failed to congress to an equatorial plane and cells failed to form a bipolar spindle. Rather, the spindle poles came togeth

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M. K, Krishna, Manjunath H.N, and Ayesha Siddiqa. "TREATMENT OF SERVICE STATION WASTEWATER USING ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 7 (2017): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i7.2017.2140.

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The various electrodes such as iron, aluminium, stainless steel and graphite are used in this study. Main objectives of the present paper is to evaluate the removal of COD, pH, TDS and oil and grease from the automobile wastewater by Electro coagulation using iron as Monopolar configuration at different voltages and electrolysis time. To study the effect of inter electrode spacing and effect of different initial pH for the removal of selected parameter at constant voltage for the iron electrode. The removal efficiency decreases with increase in electrode spacing as 71.2% of COD, 96.5% of TDS a

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Saushin, Aleksandr S., Gennady M. Mikheev, Viatcheslav V. Vanyukov, and Yuri P. Svirko. "The Surface Photogalvanic and Photon Drag Effects in Ag/Pd Metal-Semiconductor Nanocomposite." Nanomaterials 11, no. 11 (2021): 2827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11112827.

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We performed the investigation of the polarization-sensitive photocurrent generated in silver-palladium metal-semiconductor nanocomposite films under irradiation with nanosecond laser pulses at the wavelength of 2600 nm. It is shown that in both the transverse and the longitudinal configuration, the surface photogalvanic (SPGE) and photon drag effects (PDE) contribute to the observed photocurrent. However, the temporal profile of the transverse photocurrent pulse is monopolar at any polarization and angle of incidence, while the temporal profile of the longitudinal photocurrent pulse depends o

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Bierer, Julie Arenberg, and John C. Middlebrooks. "Auditory Cortical Images of Cochlear-Implant Stimuli: Dependence on Electrode Configuration." Journal of Neurophysiology 87, no. 1 (2002): 478–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00212.2001.

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This study examines patterns of auditory cortical activity elicited by single-pulse cochlear implant stimuli that vary in electrode configuration, cochlear place of stimulation, and stimulus level. Recordings were made from the primary auditory cortex (area A1) of ketamine-anesthetized guinea pigs. The spatiotemporal pattern of neural spike activity was measured simultaneously across 16 cortical locations spanning approximately 2–3 octaves of the tonotopic axis. Such a pattern, averaged over 40 presentations of any particular stimulus, was defined as the “cortical image” of that stimulus. Acut

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Müller, Daniel, Charlotte Nina Stirn, and Martin Veit Maier. "Arsenic Removal from Highly Contaminated Groundwater by Iron Electrocoagulation—Investigation of Process Parameters and Iron Dosage Calculation." Water 13, no. 5 (2021): 687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13050687.

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Electrocoagulation (EC) is gaining increased attention for water treatment as it efficiently removes various water contaminants. Therefore, EC was applied to remove arsenic from groundwater of a highly contaminated site in Hamburg, Germany. Groundwater containing 3250 and 14,600 µg/L arsenic, mainly as Arsenite (As(III)), was treated in three different EC batch reactors using a monopolar parallel electrode-configuration. This study focused on iron EC with constant current densities and variable voltage, to investigate the influence of current density, surface to volume ratio, initial arsenic c

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Drogui, Patrick, Mélanie Asselin, Satinder K. Brar, Hamel Benmoussa, and Jean-François Blais. "Electrochemical removal of organics and oil from sawmill and ship effluentsA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 3 (2009): 529–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-003.

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The present study investigates the electrocoagulation treatment of two different wastewaters, namely sawmill wastewater and ship waste effluent, charged with organic matter. Monopolar electrode configuration was studied for both types of effluents at current intensity of 2.0 A for a total treatment time of 90 min. Soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODs) removal was very low (12.5% to 13.6%) for sawmill effluent in comparison to 74.7% to 75.4% obtained for ship effluents. Thus, ship effluent was further examined in details for its treatment efficacy in terms of electrode configuration and type, c

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Marmor, Odeya, Dan Valsky, Mati Joshua, et al. "Local vs. volume conductance activity of field potentials in the human subthalamic nucleus." Journal of Neurophysiology 117, no. 6 (2017): 2140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00756.2016.

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Subthalamic nucleus field potentials have attracted growing research and clinical interest over the last few decades. However, it is unclear whether subthalamic field potentials represent locally generated neuronal subthreshold activity or volume conductance of the organized neuronal activity generated in the cortex. This study aimed at understanding of the physiological origin of subthalamic field potentials and determining the most accurate method for recording them. We compared different methods of recordings in the human subthalamic nucleus: spikes (300–9,000 Hz) and field potentials (3–10

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Anwer, Enas Ali, and Basma A. Abdul Majeed. "Different Electrodes Connections in Electrocoagulation of Synthetic Blow down Water of Cooling Tower." Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 21, no. 1 (2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31699/ijcpe.2020.1.1.

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In this research, the performance of electrocoagulation (EC) using aluminum (Al) electrodes with Monopolar- parallel (MP-P), and bipolar - series (BP-S) arrangement for simultaneous removal of dissolved silica, and hardness ions (calcium, and magnesium) from synthetic blowdown water of cooling tower were investigated. The effects of current density, initial pH and time of electrolysis on the removal efficiency were studied in a batch stirred unit to find out the best-operating conditions. The obtained results for each target species are evidence that BP-S approach is the best for both electrod

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Medina-Quesada, Ángeles, Oscar Danilo Montoya, and Jesus C. Hernández. "Derivative-Free Power Flow Solution for Bipolar DC Networks with Multiple Constant Power Terminals." Sensors 22, no. 8 (2022): 2914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22082914.

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This paper analyzes the power flow solution in bipolar direct current networks with radial structures considering multiple monopolar and bipolar constant power loads. The electrical configuration of the bipolar DC grid considers that the reference pole is non-grounded along the feeder, which produces important neutral currents and voltage imbalances along the DC grid. The power flow problem is formulated through the triangular-based representation of the grid topology, which generates a recursive formulation that allows determining the voltage values in the demand nodes through an iterative pr

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Assémian, Alain Stéphane, Konan Edmond Kouassi, Kopoin Adouby, Patrick Drogui, and David Boa. "Removal of Methylene Blue in aqueous solutions by Electrocoagulation process: Adsorption, Kinetics, studies." European Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 4 (2018): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.9.4.311-316.1736.

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The purpose of this study is to understand the mechanism driving the removal of methylene blue through electrocoagulation process. Experiments were carried out using iron as anode and cathode in a batch electrochemical cell operated in a monopolar configuration. The effects of operating parameters (initial pH, current density, initial dye concentration and energy consumption) on the removal of methylene blue from solution were investigated. The results showed that the optimum removal efficiency of 93.2% was achieved for a current density of 9.66 mA/cm2, optimal pH of 8±0.01 with a specific ene

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Laporte, Damien, Fabien Courtout, Bénédicte Salin, Johanna Ceschin, and Isabelle Sagot. "An array of nuclear microtubules reorganizes the budding yeast nucleus during quiescence." Journal of Cell Biology 203, no. 4 (2013): 585–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201306075.

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The microtubule cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic network. In dividing cells, its complex architecture not only influences cell shape and movement but is also crucial for chromosome segregation. Curiously, nothing is known about the behavior of this cellular machinery in quiescent cells. Here we show that, upon quiescence entry, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae microtubule cytoskeleton is drastically remodeled. Indeed, while cytoplasmic microtubules vanish, the spindle pole body (SPB) assembles a long and stable monopolar array of nuclear microtubules that spans the entire nucleus. Consequently, th

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Lorenzo, Melvin F., Sabrina N. Campelo, Julio P. Arroyo, et al. "An Investigation for Large Volume, Focal Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption with High-Frequency Pulsed Electric Fields." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 12 (2021): 1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14121333.

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The treatment of CNS disorders suffers from the inability to deliver large therapeutic agents to the brain parenchyma due to protection from the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Herein, we investigated high-frequency pulsed electric field (HF-PEF) therapy of various pulse widths and interphase delays for BBB disruption while selectively minimizing cell ablation. Eighteen male Fisher rats underwent craniectomy procedures and two blunt-tipped electrodes were advanced into the brain for pulsing. BBB disruption was verified with contrast T1W MRI and pathologically with Evans blue dye. High-frequency irr

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Zid, Maha, Kaushik Pal, Saša Harkai, Andreja Abina, Samo Kralj, and Aleksander Zidanšek. "Qualitatively and Quantitatively Different Configurations of Nematic–Nanoparticle Mixtures." Nanomaterials 14, no. 5 (2024): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14050436.

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We consider the influence of different nanoparticles or micrometre-scale colloidal objects, which we commonly refer to as particles, on liquid crystalline (LC) orientational order in essentially spatially homogeneous particle–LC mixtures. We first illustrate the effects of coupling a single particle with the surrounding nematic molecular field. A particle could either act as a “dilution”, i.e., weakly distorting local effective orientational field, or as a source of strong distortions. In the strong anchoring limit, particles could effectively act as topological point defects, whose topologica

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Arico’, Antonino Salvatore, Vincenzo Baglio, Alessandro Stassi, and Vincenzo Antonucci. "Investigation of a Passive DMFC Mini-Stack at Room Temperature." Advances in Science and Technology 72 (October 2010): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.72.271.

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Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs) are promising candidates for portable electric power sources because of their high energy density, lightweight, compactness, simplicity as well as easy and fast recharging. Recently, the attention has been focused on portable applications with passive-feed DMFCs. Under this configuration, DMFCs operate without any external device for feeding methanol and blowing air into the cells. An investigation of properties and operating parameters of a passive DMFC monopolar mini-stack, such as catalyst loading and methanol concentration, was carried out. From this anal

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Inoue, Yoshihiro H., Maria do Carmo Avides, Michina Shiraki, et al. "Orbit, a Novel Microtubule-Associated Protein Essential for Mitosis in Drosophila melanogaster." Journal of Cell Biology 149, no. 1 (2000): 153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.149.1.153.

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We describe a Drosophila gene, orbit, that encodes a conserved 165-kD microtubule-associated protein (MAP) with GTP binding motifs. Hypomorphic mutations in orbit lead to a maternal effect resulting in branched and bent mitotic spindles in the syncytial embryo. In the larval central nervous system, such mutants have an elevated mitotic index with some mitotic cells showing an increase in ploidy. Amorphic alleles show late lethality and greater frequencies of hyperploid mitotic cells. The presence of cells in the hypomorphic mutant in which the chromosomes can be arranged, either in a circular

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Li, Jinfeng, and Haolin Zhou. "Impact of Radial Grounding Model Granularity on Directivity of 433 MHz Monopole Antennas with Flat and Inclined Radials for ISM IoT Applications." Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing 9, no. 1 (2025): 44–57. https://doi.org/10.33166/aetic.2025.01.003.

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Grounding is a critical factor in the performance of quarter-wave monopole antennas. Previous studies have explored finite, continuous grounding configurations with one- and two-dimensional variations in size for a 433 MHz vertical monopole antenna, identifying optimal geometries that maximize directivity while minimizing material costs and grounding size. However, these findings are not directly applicable to mission-critical environments (e.g., space, airborne, underwater, or ground-based applications) where continuous metallic grounding may be unavailable. This study extends the investigati

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George, Shefin S., Mohit N. Shivdasani, and James B. Fallon. "Effect of current focusing on the sensitivity of inferior colliculus neurons to amplitude-modulated stimulation." Journal of Neurophysiology 116, no. 3 (2016): 1104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00126.2016.

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In multichannel cochlear implants (CIs), current is delivered to specific electrodes along the cochlea in the form of amplitude-modulated pulse trains, to convey temporal and spectral cues. Our previous studies have shown that focused multipolar (FMP) and tripolar (TP) stimulation produce more restricted neural activation and reduced channel interactions in the inferior colliculus (IC) compared with traditional monopolar (MP) stimulation, suggesting that focusing of stimulation could produce better transmission of spectral information. The present study explored the capability of IC neurons to

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Ball, Richard D. "The Science of Conventional and Water-Cooled Monopolar Lumbar Radiofrequency Rhizotomy: An Electrical Engineering Point of View." Pain Physician 2;17, no. 2;3 (2014): E175—E211. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2014/17/e175.

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Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a safe and effective pain therapy used to create sensory dysfunction in appropriate nerves via thermal damage. While commonly viewed as a simple process, RF heating is actually quite complex from an electrical engineering standpoint, and it is difficult for the non-electrical engineer to achieve a thorough understanding of the events that occur. RFA is highly influenced by the configuration and properties of the peri-electrode tissues. To rationally discuss the science of RFA requires that examples be procedure-specific, and lumbar RFA is the procedure selected

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GilPavas, Edison, Alejandra Betancourt, Mónica Ángulo, Izabela Dobrosz-Gómez, and Miguel Ángel Gómez-García. "The Box-Benkhen experimental design for the optimization of the electrocatalytic treatment of wastewaters with high concentrations of phenol and organic matter." Water Science and Technology 60, no. 11 (2009): 2809–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.705.

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In this work, the Box-Benkhen experimental Design (BBD) was applied for the optimization of the parameters of the electrocatalytic degradation of wastewaters resulting from a phenolic resins industry placed in the suburbs of Medellin (Colombia). The direct and the oxidant assisted electro-oxidation experiments were carried out in a laboratory scale batch cell reactor, with monopolar configuration, and electrodes made of graphite (anode) and titanium (cathode). A multifactorial experimental design was proposed, including the following experimental variables: initial phenol concentration, conduc

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Abou-Diab, Mira, Jacinthe Thibodeau, Barbara Deracinois, et al. "Bovine Hemoglobin Enzymatic Hydrolysis by a New Eco-Efficient Process-Part II: Production of Bioactive Peptides." Membranes 10, no. 10 (2020): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10100268.

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Bovine cruor, a slaughterhouse waste, was mainly composed of hemoglobin, a protein rich in antibacterial and antioxidant peptides after its hydrolysis. In the current context of food safety, such bioactive peptides derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of hemoglobin represent potential promising preservatives for the food sector. In this work, the hemoglobin hydrolysis to produce bioactive peptides was performed in a regulated pH medium without the use of chemical solvents and by an eco-efficient process: electrodialysis with bipolar membrane (EDBM). Bipolar/monopolar (anionic or cationic) configu

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Hidayanti, Anisa, Ulfiana Ihda Afifa, Bambang Ismuyanto, and Juliananda Juliananda. "The Effect of Electrocoagulation Voltage and Dye Initial Concentration to The Removal Percentage of Rhemazol Red RB." Rekayasa Bahan Alam dan Energi Berkelanjutan 5, no. 2 (2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.rbaet.2021.005.02.01.

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Batik industry wastewater has an adverse effect for the environment if disposed without any treatment. Wastewater of batik industry increases as production of batik industri growth. Remazol Red RB is one of the pollutant sources in batik dyeing process wastewater. The conventional method which is used for processing wastewater still has feebleness so as an innovative method wastewater treatment is needed. One ot those is electrocoagulation. Electrocoagulation is colloidal destabilization through an electrochemical process. This electrocoagulation carried out by varying electrical voltages and

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Chaves, R. "On the Topology of Configurations of Gauge Fields and Higgs Fields." International Journal of Modern Physics A 18, no. 12 (2003): 2059–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x03015489.

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Starting with the topological classification of gauge fields on the sphere (Dirac monopoles) and of Higgs vacuum configurations (through the second homotopy group of the space of vacuum states), the features of minimum energy solutions to gauge theories with spontaneous symmetry breaking and in the presence of singularities (monopoles) are deduced. For each theory, this analysis reveals whether a monopole can exist isolated or must be attached to a massive string and how its flux must be distributed.

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Bermúdez-Castañeda, Ángela, Johanna Esguerra-Arce, Adriana Esguerra-Arce, et al. "A comparative surface analysis of explanted hip prostheses: stainless steel and Co-Cr alloy versus titanium alloy." Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia, no. 100 (March 23, 2021): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.20210320.

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The introduction of modular design in total hip arthroplasty has enabled the use of different materials in one single configuration and the adjustment of the prosthesis to the patient’s body, and facilitated medical revisions. However, modularity leads to the presence of new interfaces created between pieces in contact, raising the issue of degradation. Tribocorrosion phenomena have been identified as the main degradation mechanism due to the mechanical, chemical, and electrochemical conditions acting on the materials. In addition, conditions inside the human body are unclear, regarding electr

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Litrán, Salvador P., Eladio Durán, Jorge Semião, and Rafael S. Barroso. "Single-Switch Bipolar Output DC-DC Converter for Photovoltaic Application." Electronics 9, no. 7 (2020): 1171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9071171.

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Bipolar DC grids have become an adequate solution for high-power microgrids. This is mainly due to the fact that this configuration has a greater power transmission capacity. In bipolar DC grids, any distributed generation system can be connected through DC-DC converters, which must have a monopolar input and a bipolar output. In this paper, a DC-DC converter based on the combination of single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) and Ćuk converters is proposed, to connect a photovoltaic (PV) system to a bipolar DC grid. This topology has, as main advantages, a reduced number of components

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HÖLLWIESER, ROMAN, and MANFRIED FABER. "DISTRIBUTION OF MAGNETIC MONOPOLES WITHIN CUBES IN COMPACT QED." International Journal of Modern Physics A 25, no. 09 (2010): 1853–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x10048147.

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Earlier investigations [Int. J. Mod. Phys. A19, 5017 (2004)] showed local minima in the monopole–antimonopole potential in U(1) gauge theory on the lattice. In this paper we localize monopoles of Monte Carlo configurations. A statistical analysis of localization measurements gives us the probability density which we compare with the potential found in Ref. 1. We find the monopoles mainly located either in the center of three-dimensional cubes or on the interface between two cubes. This agrees with the position of minima and maxima of the monopole–antimonopole potential.

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Fadhila, Fadhila, Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini, Amir Husin, and Ferdy Ashari Syawal. "Effect of Electrode Distance, Stirring Speed and Contact Time on Removal of Polyethylene Microplastics (Microbeads) Using Electrocoagulation Method." Elkawnie 10, no. 1 (2024): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v10i1.22195.

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Abstract: Daily use of personal care products containing microbeads causes severe problems for the aquatic environment. Greywater is a pathway for microbeads to enter domestic waste and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from personal care products. Their tiny size and hydrophobic nature allow microbeads to escape from WWTPs and end up in surface water. Therefore, processing efforts are needed to remove microbeads, one of which is using the electrocoagulation method with aluminum (Al) electrodes. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the electrocoagulation process using Al electrodes

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