Academic literature on the topic 'Monotremes'

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Journal articles on the topic "Monotremes"

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Krubitzer, Leah. "What can monotremes tell us about brain evolution?" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 353, no. 1372 (1998): 1127–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0271.

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The present review outlines studies of electrophsyiological organization, cortical architecture and thalmocortical and corticocortical connections in monotremes. Results of these studies indicate that the neocortex of monotremes has many features in common with other mammals. In particular, monotremes have at least two, and in some instances three, sensory fields for each modality, as well as regions of bimodal cortex. The internal organization of cortical fields and thalamocortical projection patterns are also similar to those described for other mammals. However, unlike most mammals investig
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Ecroyd, Heath, Brett Nixon, Jean-Louis Dacheux, and Russell C. Jones. "Testicular descent, sperm maturation and capacitation. Lessons from our most distant relatives, the monotremes." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 8 (2009): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd09081.

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The present review examines whether monotremes may help to resolve three questions relating to sperm production in mammals: why the testes descend into a scrotum in most mammals, why spermatozoa are infertile when they leave the testes and require a period of maturation in the specific milieu provided by the epididymides, and why ejaculated spermatozoa cannot immediately fertilise an ovum until they undergo capacitation within the female reproductive tract. Comparisons of monotremes with other mammals indicate that there is a need for considerable work on monotremes. It is hypothesised that te
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Temple-Smith, Peter, and Tom Grant. "Uncertain breeding: a short history of reproduction in monotremes." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 13, no. 8 (2001): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd01110.

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Although much is known about the biology of monotremes, many important aspects of their reproduction remain unclear. Studies over the last century have provided valuable information on various aspects of monotreme reproduction including the structure and function of their reproductive system, breeding behaviour, sex determination and seasonality. All three living genera of monotremes have been successfully maintained in captivity, often for long periods, yet breeding has been rare and unpredictable. When breeding has occurred, however, significant gains in knowledge have ensued; for example a
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Wong, Emily S. W., Anthony T. Papenfuss, Robert D. Miller, and Katherine Belov. "Hatching time for monotreme immunology." Australian Journal of Zoology 57, no. 4 (2009): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo09042.

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The sequencing of the platypus genome has spurred investigations into the characterisation of the monotreme immune response. As the most divergent of extant mammals, the characterisation of the monotreme immune repertoire allows us to trace the evolutionary history of immunity in mammals and provide insights into the immune gene complement of ancestral mammals. The immune system of monotremes has remained largely uncharacterised due to the lack of specific immunological reagents and limited access to animals for experimentation. Early immunological studies focussed on the anatomy and physiolog
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Pettigrew, J. D. "Electroreception in monotremes." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 10 (1999): 1447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.10.1447.

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I will briefly review the history of the bill sense of the platypus, a sophisticated combination of electroreception and mechanoreception that coordinates information about aquatic prey provided from the bill skin mechanoreceptors and electroreceptors, and provide an evolutionary account of electroreception in the three extant species of monotreme (and what can be inferred of their ancestors). Electroreception in monotremes is compared and contrasted with the extensive body of work on electric fish, and an account of the central processing of mechanoreceptive and electroreceptive input in the
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Stannard, Hayley J., Robert D. Miller, and Julie M. Old. "Marsupial and monotreme milk—a review of its nutrient and immune properties." PeerJ 8 (June 23, 2020): e9335. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9335.

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All mammals are characterized by the ability of females to produce milk. Marsupial (metatherian) and monotreme (prototherian) young are born in a highly altricial state and rely on their mother’s milk for the first part of their life. Here we review the role and importance of milk in marsupial and monotreme development. Milk is the primary source of sustenance for young marsupials and monotremes and its composition varies at different stages of development. We applied nutritional geometry techniques to a limited number of species with values available to analyze changes in macronutrient compos
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Tsend-Ayush, Enkhjargal, Shu Ly Lim, Andrew J. Pask, Diana Demiyah Mohd Hamdan, Marilyn B. Renfree, and Frank Grützner. "Characterisation of ATRX, DMRT1, DMRT7 and WT1 in the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus)." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 8 (2009): 985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd09090.

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One of the most puzzling aspects of monotreme reproductive biology is how they determine sex in the absence of the SRY gene that triggers testis development in most other mammals. Although monotremes share a XX female/XY male sex chromosome system with other mammals, their sex chromosomes show homology to the chicken Z chromosome, including the DMRT1 gene, which is a dosage-dependent sex determination gene in birds. In addition, monotremes feature an extraordinary multiple sex chromosome system. However, no sex determination gene has been identified as yet on any of the five X or five Y chromo
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Messer, M., D. C. Shaw, A. S. Weiss, P. Rissmiller, and M. Griffiths. "Estimation of Divergence Dates for Monotremes From Comparisons of A-Lactalbumin Amino Acid Sequences." Australian Mammalogy 20, no. 2 (1998): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am98323.

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cx-Lactalbumins were isolated from milk of the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) and the echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus). Their amino acid sequences were determined and compared with those of the cx- lactalbumins often eutherian and two marsupial species, using the computer programme ("Distances") to calculate the number of differences (substitutions) between a total of 36 pairs of cx-lactalbumins. As expected, the amino acid sequences of the monotreme cx-lactalbumins were more similar to each other than to those of other mammals, as were the sequences of the marsupial and the eutherian cx-
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Kirsch, John A. W., and Gregory C. Mayer. "The platypus is not a rodent: DNA hybridization, amniote phylogeny and the palimpsest theory." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 353, no. 1372 (1998): 1221–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0278.

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We present DNA–hybridization data on 21 amniotes and two anurans showing that discrimination is obtained among most of these at the class and lower levels. Trees generated from these data largely agree with conventional views, for example in not associating birds and mammals. However, the sister relationships found here of the monotremes to marsupials, and of turtles to the alligator, are surprising results which are nonetheless consistent with the results of some other studies. The Marsupionta hypothesis of Gregory is reviewed, as are opinions about the placement of chelonians. Anatomical and
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Lefèvre, Christophe M., Julie A. Sharp, and Kevin R. Nicholas. "Characterisation of monotreme caseins reveals lineage-specific expansion of an ancestral casein locus in mammals." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 8 (2009): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd09083.

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Using a milk-cell cDNA sequencing approach we characterised milk-protein sequences from two monotreme species, platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) and echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) and found a full set of caseins and casein variants. The genomic organisation of the platypus casein locus is compared with other mammalian genomes, including the marsupial opossum and several eutherians. Physical linkage of casein genes has been seen in the casein loci of all mammalian genomes examined and we confirm that this is also observed in platypus. However, we show that a recent duplication of β-casein o
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Monotremes"

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Lee, Mi-Hye. "Molecular biology and evolution of [beta]-globin genes in monotremes /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl479.pdf.

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Wong, Emily (Emily Sau Wai). "Characterisation of the marsupial and monotreme immunomes." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28962.

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In this thesis I utilize the recently sequenced genomes of the South American grey short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica), tammar wallaby (Macropus eugeniz') and the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) to identify and characterize immune genes in order to fill in the gaps in our understanding of evolution of the immune systems in non-eutherian mammals. Many of these genes have proved elusive to identify using conventional lab strategies and automated genome annotation pipelines. I discovered divergent immune genes using bioinformatic protocols that I developed and compiled this seq
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Musser, Anne Marie School of Biological Earth &amp Environmental Sciences UNSW. "Investigations into the evolution of Australian mammals with a focus on monotremata." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25739.

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This thesis began as an investigation into evolution of the platypus family (Ornithorhynchidae, Monotremata), now known from both Australia and South America. The thesis broadened its scope with inclusion of non-ornithorhynchid Mesozoic monotremes from Lightning Ridge, NSW. This change in direction brought an unexpected result: a fossil mammal from Lightning Ridge investigated for this thesis (presumed to be monotreme: Flannery et al., 1995) appears to be a new and unique type of mammal. Specimens were procured through Queensland Museum (Riversleigh material); Australian Museum (Lightning Ridg
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Hore, Timothy Alexander, and timothy hore@anu edu au. "THE EVOLUTION OF GENOMIC IMPRINTING AND X CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION IN MAMMALS." The Australian National University. Research School of Biological Sciences, 2008. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20081216.152553.

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Genomic imprinting is responsible for monoallelic gene expression that depends on the sex of the parent from which the alleles (one active, one silent) were inherited. X-chromosome inactivation is also a form of monoallelic gene expression. One of the two X chromosomes is transcriptionally silenced in the somatic cells of females, effectively equalising gene dosage with males who have only one X chromosome that is not complemented by a gene poor Y chromosome. X chromosome inactivation is random in eutherian mammals, but imprinted in marsupials, and in the extraembryonic membranes of some place
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Peel, Emma Jane. "Peptides from the Pouch: Marsupial and Monotreme Cathelicidins." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17934.

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The rise in antimicrobial resistance and paucity of new antimicrobial compounds calls for alternatives to traditional antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as potential candidates. Cathelicidins are a major family of AMPs in mammals which form part of innate immunity through antimicrobial and immunomodulatory functions. Marsupial and monotreme cathelicidins are of particular interest due to their involvement in protecting immunologically naive young during development in the pouch via expression in the pouch lining and milk where they modulate microbial flora and provide pass
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Haynes, Julie Irene. "Parathyroid glands in marsupials and monotremes / y Julie Irene Haynes." 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19161.

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Addendum pasted onto front end-paper.<br>Bibliography: leaves 214-226.<br>v, 227, [7] leaves, [71] leaves of plates : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.<br>Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.A)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Anatomical Sciences, 1998?
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Lee, Mi-Hye. "Molecular biology and evolution of beta-globin genes in monotremes / Mi-Hye Lee." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19126.

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Erratum pasted on front fly-leaf.<br>Bibliography: leaves 180-202.<br>xvii, 220 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.<br>The evolutionary relationships of the beta-like globin genes were studied by applying maximum parsimony methods to aligned DNA sequences.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Genetics, 1998?
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Toledo-Flores, Deborah Fernanda. "Evolution of mammalian sex chromosomes and sex determination genes: insights from monotremes." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/97382.

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Genetic sex determination systems are generally based on the presence of differentiated sex chromosomes. Birds have a ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system in which males are ZZ and females ZW, whereas mammals have an XX/XY system with males being XY and females XX. Monotremes have an extraordinary sex chromosome system that consists of multiple sex chromosomes: 5X5Y in platypus and 5X4Y in echidna. Intriguingly, the monotreme sex chromosomes show extensive homology to the bird ZW and not to the therian XY. However, sex determination in monotremes is still a mystery; the Y-specific Sry gene that trigger
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Wallis, Mary C. "Evolution of mammal sex and sex chromosomes : the contribution of monotreme cytogenetics." Phd thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150937.

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Wright, Megan Lynne. "Investigating the evolution of replication timing and monoallelic expression in mammals and birds." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/102613.

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Monoallelic expression and replication timing are closely linked fundamental aspects of genome biology, yet their evolutionary trajectory has not been investigated in much detail. The monoallelic expression status of imprinted genes observed in therian species has previously not been found in the earlier-diverged monotreme mammals, or in birds, when measured using molecular techniques. Furthermore, the observation that eutherian imprinted and X-borne genes asynchronously replicate was traditionally thought to be linked to the dissimilar epigenetic states that existed at each allele controlling
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Books on the topic "Monotremes"

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Menzies, J. I. A handbook of New Guinea marsupials & monotremes. Kristen Pres, 1991.

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Tesar, Jenny E. What on earth is an echidna? Blackbirch Press, 1995.

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1951-, Kennedy Michael, and IUCN/SSC Australasian Marsupial and Monotreme Specialist Group., eds. Australasian marsupials and monotremes: An action plan for their conservation. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, 1992.

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Rismiller, Peggy. The echidna: Australia's enigma. Hugh Lauter Levin Associates, Inc., 1999.

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Nowak, Ronald M. Walker's Mammals of the world. 5th ed. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991.

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Spratt, D. M. A catalogue of Australasian monotremes and marsupials and their recorded helminth parasites. South Australian Museum, 1991.

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Gary, Slater, Hopkins Christine, and International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Species Survival Commission. Australasian Marsupial and Monotreme Specialist Group., eds. Australasian monotremes / marsupial: Global captive action recommendations (GCAR) workshop : briefing book August 94, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [s.n.], 1994.

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Geptner, V. G. Mammals of the Soviet Union. Edited by Nasimovich A. A, Bannikov Andreĭ Grigorʹevich, Hoffmann Robert S, and Sludskiĭ A. A. Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation, 1988.

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Geptner, V. G. Mammals of the Soviet Union. Brill, 1989.

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Zabo, Marta. Monotremes. Independently Published, 2019.

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Book chapters on the topic "Monotremes"

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Holz, Peter. "Monotremes (Echidnas and Platypus)." In Zoo Animal and Wildlife Immobilization and Anesthesia. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118792919.ch31.

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Reynolds, Benjamin D., Cameron J. Whittaker, Kelly A. Caruso, and Jeffrey Smith. "Ophthalmology of Monotremes: Platypus and Echidnas." In Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81273-7_2.

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Dawson, T. J. "Responses to Cold of Monotremes and Marsupials." In Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74078-7_7.

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Freeman, Marianne. "The behavioural biology of marsupials and monotremes." In The Behavioural Biology of Zoo Animals. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003208471-12.

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Ekdale, Eric G. "The Ear of Mammals: From Monotremes to Humans." In Evolution of the Vertebrate Ear. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46661-3_7.

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Rowe, Mark. "Organization of the Cerebral Cortex in Monotremes and Marsupials." In Cerebral Cortex. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3824-0_5.

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Deeb, Samir S. "Visual Pigments and Colour Vision in Marsupials and Monotremes." In Marsupial Genetics and Genomics. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9023-2_19.

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Urashima, Tadasu, and Michael Messer. "Evolution of Milk Oligosaccharides and Their Function in Monotremes and Marsupials." In Evolutionary Biology: Self/Nonself Evolution, Species and Complex Traits Evolution, Methods and Concepts. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61569-1_13.

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Pask, Andrew, and Jennifer A. Marshall Graves. "Sex chromosomes and sex-determining genes: insights from marsupials and monotremes." In Experientia Supplementum. Birkhäuser Basel, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7781-7_5.

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Patel, Vidushi S., and Janine E. Deakin. "The Evolutionary History of Globin Genes: Insights from Marsupials and Monotremes." In Marsupial Genetics and Genomics. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9023-2_20.

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