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Journal articles on the topic 'Montecristo Island'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 13 July 2025

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1

Siccardi, Eugenia, Giulio Ferretti, Bruno Foggi, et al. "An updated inventory of the vascular flora of the Island of Montecristo (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy)." Italian Botanist 19 (March 19, 2025): 87–106. https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.19.139675.

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We present an updated inventory of the vascular flora of the island of Montecristo (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy). The inventory has been updated based on a comprehensive bibliographical revision of floristic floras and previous inventories, together with the revision of herbarium specimens already preserved in Tuscan Herbaria and the implementation of survey campaigns carried out on the island between 2011 and 2024. The inventory counts 582 specific and subspecific taxa currently present on the island (including 515 spontaneous taxa and 67 cultivated ones), the highest number of species ever recorded on the island. Since 2000, 45 new to Montecristo Island, and 28 species confirmed after one century. We excluded 14 species, 8 of which were the result of a revision of herbarium material, which led to the correction of previous erroneous identification or due to the description of new taxa, such as Saxifraga montis-christi Mannocci, Ferretti, Mazzoncini & Viciani. The characterisation of the flora of Montecristo is consistent with the Mediterranean climate of the island in terms of life forms and chorotypes. The analysis showed that the main geographical distribution elements are Eurosiberian-Mediterranean and Mediterranean species, while the predominant life form is the therophyte. From a floristic point of view within the Tuscan Archipelago, Montecristo is the poorest island in terms of species and has the highest amount of endemism in relation to its surface area.

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2

Siccardi, Eugenia, Giulio Ferretti, Bruno Foggi, et al. "An updated inventory of the vascular flora of the Island of Montecristo (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy)." Italian Botanist 19 (March 19, 2025): 87–106. https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.19.139675.

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We present an updated inventory of the vascular flora of the island of Montecristo (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy). The inventory has been updated based on a comprehensive bibliographical revision of floristic floras and previous inventories, together with the revision of herbarium specimens already preserved in Tuscan Herbaria and the implementation of survey campaigns carried out on the island between 2011 and 2024. The inventory counts 582 specific and subspecific taxa currently present on the island (including 515 spontaneous taxa and 67 cultivated ones), the highest number of species ever recorded on the island. Since 2000, 45 new to Montecristo Island, and 28 species confirmed after one century. We excluded 14 species, 8 of which were the result of a revision of herbarium material, which led to the correction of previous erroneous identification or due to the description of new taxa, such as <i>Saxifraga montis-christi</i> Mannocci, Ferretti, Mazzoncini & Viciani. The characterisation of the flora of Montecristo is consistent with the Mediterranean climate of the island in terms of life forms and chorotypes. The analysis showed that the main geographical distribution elements are Eurosiberian-Mediterranean and Mediterranean species, while the predominant life form is the therophyte. From a floristic point of view within the Tuscan Archipelago, Montecristo is the poorest island in terms of species and has the highest amount of endemism in relation to its surface area.

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3

Somenzi, Elisa, Gabriele Senczuk, Roberta Ciampolini, et al. "The SNP-Based Profiling of Montecristo Feral Goat Populations Reveals a History of Isolation, Bottlenecks, and the Effects of Management." Genes 13, no. 2 (2022): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13020213.

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The Montecristo wild goat is an endangered feral population that has been on the homonymous island in the Tuscan Archipelago since ancient times. The origins of Montecristo goats are still debated, with authors dating their introduction either back to Neolithic times or between the 6th and 13th century of the Common Era. To investigate the evolutionary history and relationships of this population we assembled a 50K SNP dataset including 55 Mediterranean breeds and two nuclei of Montecristo goats sampled on the island and from an ex situ conservation project. Diversity levels, gene flow, population structure, and genetic relationships were assessed through multiple approaches. The insular population scored the lowest values of both observed and expected heterozygosity, highlighting reduced genetic variation, while the ex situ nucleus highlighted a less severe reduction. Multivariate statistics, network, and population structure analyses clearly separated the insular nucleus from all other breeds, including the population of Montecristo goats from the mainland. Moreover, admixture and gene flow analyses pinpointed possible genetic inputs received by the two Montecristo goat nuclei from different sources, while Runs of Homozygosity (ROHs) indicated an ancient bottleneck/founder effect in the insular population and recent extensive inbreeding in the ex situ one. Overall, our results suggest that Montecristo goats experienced several demographic fluctuations combined with admixture events over time and highlighted a noticeable differentiation between the two nuclei.

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4

Rocchi, Saverio, Fabio Terzani, Fabio Cianferoni, Leonardo Forbicioni, Rossano Papi, and Lucia Pizzocaro. "Aggiornamenti alla conoscenza della coleotterofauna acquatica dell'Arcipelago Toscano (Coleoptera)." Onychium 13 (April 20, 2017): 75–91. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.495599.

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<em>Update to the knowledge of aquatic beetles of the Tuscan Archipelago (Coleoptera)</em>. This paper is an update of a previous contribution on the aquatic beetles of the Tuscan Archipelago (Rocchi <em>et al.</em>, 2014). The list includes 101 taxa (species and subspecies): 3 Gyrinidae, 3 Haliplidae, 1 Noteridae, 32 Dytiscidae, 4 Helophoridae, 1 Georissidae, 2 Hydrochidae, 32 Hydrophilidae, 19 Hydraenidae, 2 Elmidae, 1 Dryopidae, 1 Heteroceridae. The family Georissidae is recorded for the first time from the Tuscan Archipelago; 1 species from Tuscany, 8 from the Tuscan Archipelago, 2 from Capraia Island, 10 from Elba Island, 1 from Giglio Island, 5 from Montecristo Island, 1 from Cerboli Islet, and 1 from Palmaiola Islet are first records for these areas; the opaque form of the female <em>Bidessus saucius</em> (Desbrochers des Loges, 1871) is recorded for the first time from Italy (Montecristo Island and Sardinia).

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5

RIBERA, IGNACIO, DAVID T. BILTON, and ANABELA CARDOSO. "The Meladema Laporte, 1835 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae) of the Sahara Desert." Zootaxa 4399, no. 1 (2018): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4399.1.7.

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Meladema Laporte, 1835 is a genus of large diving beetles, found in the Western Palaearctic, from the Canary Islands and Madeira to western Turkey (Bilton & Ribera 2017). The genus currently contains four species: the widespread M. coriacea Laporte, 1835, distributed from the Canary Islands to Turkey and ranging from southern France and the central Balkans south to the central Sahara, two Atlantic Island endemics, M. imbricata (Wollaston, 1871) from the western Canary Islands and M. lanio (Fabricius, 1775) from the main island of Madeira, and a fourth, recently described species, M. lepidoptera Bilton & Ribera, 2017 from the Tyrrhenian Islands (Corsica, Sardinia, Elba, Montecristo) and parts of the Italian mainland (Bilton & Ribera 2017).

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6

Turicchia, E., M. Abbiati, M. Sweet, and M. Ponti. "Mass mortality hits gorgonian forests at Montecristo Island." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 131, no. 1 (2018): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao03284.

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7

Fabiano, Filippo. "Nuovi dati sulla Lepidotterofauna dell'Isola di Montecristo (Lepidoptera)." Onychium 13 (April 20, 2017): 143–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.546373.

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<em>New data on the lepidopteran fauna of Montecristo Island (Lepidoptera)</em>. In this paper the results of a lepidopterological survey done at the end of May and the beginning of June 2016 are reported. The author collected 65 Lepidoptera species, 26 of which resulted to be new records for the island and, among them, four new for the Tuscan archipelago as a whole: <em>Scotomerodes fuscolimbalis</em> (Ragonot, 1887) (Pyralidae); <em>Eilema pygmaeola</em> (Doubleday, 1847) (Erebidae); <em>Phyllophila obliterata</em> (Rambur, 1833) and<em> Sesamia nonagrioides</em> (Lefèbvre, 1827) (Noctuidae). The other new records for the island are: <em>Lozotaenia mabilliana </em>(Ragonot, 1875) (Tortricidae); <em>Oncocera semirubella</em> (Scopoli, 1763), <em>Acrobasis porphyrella </em>(Duponchel, 1836) and <em>Hypsopygia glaucinalis </em>(Linnaeus, 1758) (Pyralidae); <em>Loxostege sticticalis</em> (Linnaeus, 1761), <em>Pyrausta despicata</em> (Scopoli, 1763), <em>Udea ferrugalis</em> (Hübner, [1796]), <em>Diasemiopsis ramburialis</em> (Duponchel, 1834), <em>Dolicharthria bruguieralis</em> (Duponchel, 1833) and <em>Nomophila noctuella</em> ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) (Crambidae); <em>Dendrolimus pini</em> (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lasiocampidae); <em>Acherontia atropos</em> (Linnaeus, 1758),<em> Deilephila elpenor</em> (Linnaeus, 1758) and <em>Hyles dahlii</em> (Geyer, 1827) (Sphingidae);<em> Watsonalla uncinula </em>(Borkhausen, 1790) (Drepanidae);<em> Costaconvexa polygrammata</em> (Borkhausen, 1794) (Geometridae); <em>Hypena obsitalis </em>(Hübner, [1813]), <em>Nodaria nodosalis</em> (Herrich-Schäffer, [1851]),<em> Euproctis chrysorrhoea</em> (Linnaeus, 1758) and<em> Dysauxes famula</em> (Freyer, 1836) (Erebidae); <em>Mythimna vitellina </em>(Hübner, [1808]) and <em>Mythimna unipuncta </em>(Haworth, [1809]) (Noctuidae).

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8

Masseti, Marco. "On the elusive origin of the wild goat Capra aegagrus Erxleben, 1777, on the island of Montecristo (Italy)." ARPHA Conference Abstracts 2 (September 24, 2019): e46731. https://doi.org/10.3897/aca.2.e46731.

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Several authors stated that a "goats from the - not better identified - kingdom of Montenegro" were imported by king Vittorio Emanuele III on the small Tyrrhenian island of Montecristo at the end of the 19<sup>th </sup>century, with the aim of restocking the local big game. The Italian king had very close relations with this Balkan state and, in 1896, Montecristo became the honeymoon destination of him (at that time crown prince) and Elena, the daughter of the ruler of Montenegro. After 1899, the island became a royal hunting ground for Vittorio Emanueles exclusive use. It cannot be excluded that a legend of the importation of Montenegrin goats onto the small Tyrrhenian island was probably born at that time. The question arises as to what species this caprine from Montenegro might have been. In fact, no evidence seems to be available on the historic natural dispersion of <em>C. aegagrus</em> in the Balkan peninsula.

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9

Letardi, Agostino, and Davide Badano. "Nuovi dati sui Neurotteri dell'Isola di Montecristo (Insecta: Neuroptera)." Onychium 14 (April 20, 2018): 93–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1218955.

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<em>New records of lacewings of Montecristo Island (Insecta: Neuroptera).</em> We report the results of entomological surveys done in 2011 and 2012. We identified 14 Neuroptera species, 7 of which are new records for the island and, among them, 4 are new for the Tuscan archipelago as a whole: <em>Coniopteryx</em> sp. (Coniopterygidae); <em>Wesmaelius subnebulosus</em> (Stephens, 1836) (Hemerobiidae); <em>Micromus angulatus</em> (Stephens, 1836) (Hemerobiidae); <em>Cunctochrysa</em> sp. pr. <em>albolineata</em> (Killington, 1935) (Chrysopidae); <em>Pseudomallada clathratus </em>(Schneider, 1845) (Chrysopidae); <em>P. </em>sp. pr. <em>picteti</em> (McLachlan, 1865) (Chrysopidae); <em>Myrmeleon gerlindae</em> Hölzel, 1974 (Myrmeleontidae).

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10

GONNELLI, VINCENZO, GÜNTER GOTTSCHLICH, and ANTONIO ZOCCOLA. "Hieracium racemosum subsp. amideii (Asteraceae), a new hawkweed taxon from Montecristo island (Tuscan archipelago, Italy)." Phytotaxa 406, no. 5 (2019): 294–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.406.5.5.

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A new hawkweed taxon endemic to the insula Montecristo (Tuscan archipelago, Italy), Hieracium racemosum subsp. amideii, is described and illustrated. Information on its distribution, ecology and taxonomic relationship is provided.

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11

Baratti, Mariella, and Fabio Bernini. "Odontocepheus oglasaen.sp. (Acari, Oribatida, Carabodidae) from Montecristo island (Tuscan Archipelago)." International Journal of Acarology 20, no. 1 (1994): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01647959408683996.

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12

Rescic, Silvia, Fabio Fratini, and Daniela Pittaluga. "Historical Use of Lime in Some Islands of the Tuscan Archipelago (Italy) Where Stone for Lime Is Almost Absent." Geosciences 13, no. 7 (2023): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13070214.

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The Tuscan Archipelago lies between the Ligurian Sea to the north and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the south and between Corsica to the west and the Tuscan coast to the east. It is made up of seven major islands, Elba, Giglio, Capraia, Montecristo, Pianosa, Giannutri and Gorgona (in order of size), and several smaller ones. Geologically, these islands are very different from each other. Elba combines all the characteristics of the northern Apennines with a large granodioritic pluton and a sequence of tectonic units with sedimentary successions of the Ligurian and Tuscan type. Giglio is a granitic pluton with a small patch of sedimentary cover. Capraia is an entirely volcanic island. Montecristo is a granitic pluton. Pianosa consists exclusively of Mio-Pliocene carbonate rocks. Giannutri consists of Mesozoic Cavernous Limestone, and Gorgona consists of calcschists, serpentinites and metabasites. This article examines the mortars used in the historical architecture of Capraia, Gorgona and Giglio, islands where limestones are almost absent, trying to investigate the provenance of the carbonate stones used to produce the lime through mineralogy–petrographic analyses. Mineralogical and petrographic analyses proved useful in identifying the raw materials used for the production of lime, also contextualising them in the historical and administrative vicissitudes of the islands. In particular, a magnesian lime of Ligurian origin was used in Capraia during the period when the island was under the rule of the Republic of Genoa. On Gorgona in the Middle Ages, the few outcrops of carbonate rock on the island, consisting of saccaroid marble, were exploited for the local production of lime, while in later times lime was sourced from the mainland. In Giglio, the small outcrops of dolostone and marbles on the western side of the island were exploited. This work has broadened knowledge in the use of materials and highlighted man’s knowledge of the area and its resources to such an extent that even small outcrops suitable for lime production were exploited. Attention is also drawn to the fact that, although sophisticated techniques provide excellent information, in many cases only a careful petrographic investigation allows the most useful information to be obtained in a cheap and easy way.

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13

GIOVANNI, FILIPPO DI, PIER LUIGI SCARAMOZZINO, and ERICH DILLER. "A new species of Misetus Wesmael, 1845 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Phaeogenini) from Italy, with updated key to the females of Palaearctic species." Zootaxa 4374, no. 4 (2018): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4374.4.8.

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A new species, Misetus strumiai sp. n., from the island of Montecristo (Italy, Tuscany) is described and illustrated. The new species is characterized by having the clypeus with a small median tooth, metasomal tergite II almost entirely smooth and polished, and extensively red body color (except for black head). A comparative diagnosis is provided in order to distinguish the new taxon from the other known species of the genus Misetus Wesmael, 1845.

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14

Giusti, Folco, and Giuseppe Nianganelle. "Ciliellopsis oglasae, a new Hygromiid from Montecristo Island (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy) (Pulmonata: Helicoidea)." Journal of Conchology 33, no. 5 (1990): 269–77. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.408771.

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15

Gallozzi, Francesco, Claudia Corti, Riccardo Castiglia, et al. "The Intriguing Biogeographic Pattern of the Italian Wall Lizard Podarcis siculus (Squamata: Lacertidae) in the Tuscan Archipelago Reveals the Existence of a New Ancient Insular Clade." Animals 13, no. 3 (2023): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13030386.

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The Tuscan Archipelago is one of the most ancient and ecologically heterogeneous island systems in the Mediterranean. The biodiversity of these islands was strongly shaped by the Pliocene and Pleistocene sea regressions and transgression, resulting in different waves of colonization and isolation of species coming from the mainland. The Italian wall lizard, Podarcis siculus, is present on the following islands of the Tuscan Archipelago: Elba, Giglio, Giannutri, Capraia, Montecristo and Cerboli. The species in the area displays a relatively high morphological variability that in the past led to the description of several subspecies. In this study, both the genetic and morphological diversity of P. siculus of the Tuscan Archipelago were investigated. Specifically, the meristic characters and the dorsal pattern were analyzed, while the genetic relationships among these populations were explored with mtDNA and microsatellite nuclear markers to reconstruct the colonization history of the Archipelago. Our results converge in the identification of at least two different waves of colonization in the Archipelago: Elba, and the populations of Cerboli and Montecristo probably originate from historical introductions from mainland Tuscany, while those of Giglio and Capraia are surviving populations of an ancient lineage which colonized the Tuscan Archipelago during the Pliocene and which shares a common ancestry with the P. siculus populations of south-eastern Italy. Giannutri perhaps represents an interesting case of hybridization between the populations from mainland Tuscany and the Giglio-Capraia clade. Based on the high phenotypic and molecular distinctiveness of this ancient clade, these populations should be treated as distinct units deserving conservation and management efforts as well as further investigation to assess their taxonomic status.

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16

Bound, Mensun. "A Roman amphora wreck (Pélichet 47) off the island of Montecristo, Italy-preliminary report." International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 21, no. 4 (1992): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-9270.1992.tb00380.x.

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17

Angeletti, Lorenzo, Alessandro Ceregato, Michele Ghirelli, et al. "ROV-SCUBA integrated survey of the Montecristo Island Nature Reserve (Tuscan Archipelago National Park, Mediterranean Sea)." Underwater Technology 29, no. 3 (2010): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3723/ut.29.151.

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18

Masseti, Marco. "On the elusive origin of the wild goat, Capra aegagrus Erxleben, 1777, on the island of Montecristo (Italy)." Biodiversity Journal 13, no. 3 (2022): 651–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31396/biodiv.jour.2022.13.3.651.662.

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19

TORRINI, GIULIA, GIUSEPPE MAZZA, AGOSTINO STRANGI, et al. "Oscheius tipulae in Italy: Evidence of an Alien Isolate in the Integral Natural Reserve of Montecristo Island (Tuscany)." Journal of Nematology 48, no. 1 (2016): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2017-003.

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20

Balsamo, Maria, Elena Fregni, and Paolo Tongiorgi. "Marine and freshwater Gastrotricha from the Island of Montecristo (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy), with the description of new species." Bolletino di zoologia 61, no. 3 (1994): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250009409355889.

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21

Lazzaro, Lorenzo, Eleonora Sarracco, Renato Benesperi, and Andrea Coppi. "A probable anthropic origin ofNerium oleanderL. (Apocynaceae) population in Montecristo island (Italy, Tuscany): evidence from loci polymorphism and ISSR analysis." Caryologia 71, no. 1 (2017): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2017.1410634.

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22

GIOVANNI, FILIPPO DI, PIER LUIGI SCARAMOZZINO, and ERICH DILLER. "Description of the male of Misetus strumiai Di Giovanni, Scaramozzino & Diller, 2018 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae, Phaeogenini) from Italy." Zootaxa 4810, no. 1 (2020): 198–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4810.1.13.

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The genus Misetus Wesmael, 1845 is a small taxon of the subfamily Ichneumoninae, tribe Phaeogenini. The genus can be distinguished from other genera of the tribe by having mandible with two teeth, clypeus with more or less developed median apical tooth, genae short and sublinearly narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view; males are characterized by thyridia large and placed far off the base of metasomal tergite II; females are easily recognized by metasoma elongate and compressed apically, apical margin of last metasomal tergite more or less concave and ovipositor short and bent upwards (Selfa & Diller 1994, 1995, Di Giovanni et al. 2018). Misetus includes seven known species, six of which occur in Europe (Wesmael 1845, Kusigemati 1974, Kolarov 1985, Selfa & Diller 1995, Di Giovanni et al. 2018) and one in Japan and South Korea (Kwon et al. 2011; Yu et al. 2012). Misetus strumiai Di Giovanni, Scaramozzino & Diller, 2018 was described recently from females known only from the island of Montecristo (Italy, Tuscany) (Di Giovanni et al. 2018, Di Giovanni & Scaramozzino 2019). Here we described the male of this species and provide a comparative diagnosis with other known males of European members of the genus.

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23

Tormos, Josep, Xavier Pardo, Josep Daniel Asís, Severiano F. Gayubo, and Antonio de La Nuez. "A New Species of Dacnusini from Montecristo Island, with Description of the Preimaginal Phases and Venom Apparatus ofAntrusa curtitempus(Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)." Florida Entomologist 92, no. 2 (2009): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.092.0209.

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24

MANNOCCI, MAIRO, GIULIO FERRETTI, VIVIANO MAZZONCINI, et al. "Two new Saxifraga species (Saxifragaceae) endemic to Tuscan Archipelago (central-northern Mediterranean, Italy)." Phytotaxa 284, no. 2 (2016): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.284.2.2.

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We investigated the populations of Saxifraga ser. Saxifraga (Saxifragaceae) on the islands of Capraia, Elba and Montecristo. These Italian islands form part of the Tuscan Archipelago group, in the north-central Mediterranean. The plant populations we report lie on the boundary between the ranges of the two species: S. granulata and S. corsica. We analysed specimens from the islands of Capraia, Montecristo and Elba, together with specimens from the Italian Apennines, and others from the islands of Corsica and Sardinia. The study focused on both the qualitative and quantitative morphological and karyological traits of these plants. The populations from the Tuscan Archipelago can be assigned to two distinct groups. The Elba population is morphologically close to S. granulata subsp. granulata. On the other hand, Capraia and Montecristo populations belong to the group of S. granulata s.l. and are indeed very similar to S. corsica but, at the same time, they show some distinctive morphological characters. The karyological studies show low chromosome counts (2n = 20–22) for the Elba and Apennine populations and higher chromosome counts (2n = 44–56) for the Capraia and Montecristo ones - similar to S. corsica. Based on these results, and on the geographical isolation of these populations, we describe two new taxa for Capraia and Montecristo, S. caprariae and S. montis-christi, respectively. The Elba population can be attributed to S. granulata subsp. granulata. Lastly, we provide an identification key for the Italian taxa belonging to S. ser. Saxifraga.

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25

Dondini, Gianna, Stefano Vanin, Sebastiano Vergari, and Simone Vergari. "First record of Basilia mediterranea Hůrka, 1970 from Italy (Diptera: Nycteribiidae)." Onychium 13 (April 20, 2017): 139–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.545804.

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The presence of <em>Basilia mediterranea </em>Hůrka, 1970, species with Western Mediterranean distribution, is reported for the first time from Italy. Two specimens, a male and a female, were collected from two bats belonging to the species <em>Pipistrellus pipistrellus </em>Schreber, 1774 captured with mist nets during a research on bats of Montecristo and Capraia islands (Tuscan Archipelago National Park, Central Italy).

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26

Roveta, Camilla, Daniela Pica, Barbara Calcinai, et al. "Hg Levels in Marine Porifera of Montecristo and Giglio Islands (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy)." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (2020): 4342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124342.

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Porifera are filter-feeding organisms known to bioaccumulate different contaminants in their tissues. The presence of mercury (Hg) has been reported in different Mediterranean species, mainly collected in the southern coast of France. In the present study, mercury concentrations in the tissue of the sponges of Montecristo and Giglio, two islands of Tuscany Archipelago National Park (TANP), are presented for the first time. Analyses of total mercury content were performed by Direct Mercury Analyzer. Statistical differences have been reported in the Hg concentrations of species collected in both islands, but they do not appear related to the anthropic impacts of the islands. Among the collected species, a high intra- and inter-variability have been recorded, with Cliona viridis showing the lowest concentration (0.0167–0.033 mg·kg−1 dry weight), and Chondrosia reniformis and Sarcotragus spinosulus the highest (0.57 ± 0.15 and 0.64 ± 0.01 mg·kg−1 dry weight, respectively). The variability of Hg measured did not allow us to identify sponges as bioindicators of toxic elements. Anyway, these results improve knowledge on the ecosystem of the TANP, underlining the species-specificity of metal concentrations for Porifera, and providing additional data to address the main input of the Marine Strategy guidelines to protect coasts, seas and oceans.

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27

Govoni, Aladino, Luciana Bonatto, Marco Capello, et al. "AlpArray-Italy: Site description and noise characterization." Advances in Geosciences 43 (March 13, 2017): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-43-39-2017.

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Abstract. Within the framework of the European collaborative research initiative AlpArray (http://www.alparray.ethz.ch), the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanolgia (INGV) deployed overall 20 broad-band seismic stations in Northern Italy and on two islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea (Capraia and Montecristo) during Fall-Winter 2015. The temporary deployment (16 stations) will run for two to three years and 4 INGV National Seismic Network accelerometric sites are now equipped with additional permanent broad-band sensors. The 16 temporary stations are equipped with REF TEK 130 digitizers and Nanometrics Trillium Compact 120 s sensors, a couple have Nanometrics Trillium 120P sensors and one a Streckeisen STS2. For each site we describe the settings and discuss the noise levels, the site effects and the preliminary sensitivity analysis.

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Gippoliti, Spartaco. "The wild goat of Montecristo Island: did it ever exist?" Mammalia 80, no. 2 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2015-0078.

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AbstractIt has recently been claimed by Masseti that a wild goat survived on Montecristo Island until the first half of the 20th century and that subsequent selection procedures produced a goat that did not resemble any true wild goat. In the present note, it is emphasized that the Montecristo goat was in fact never taxonomically described. The fact that a Montecristo “wild” goat has been included in the national and European legislation as a protected “species” could only been explained with the decline of mammal taxonomy that has been observed in Western Europe during the second half of 20th century.

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Masseti, Marco. "The wild goat, Capra aegagrus Erxleben, 1777, of the island of Montecristo (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy): does it still exist?" Mammalia 80, no. 2 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2014-0168.

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Gianna, Dondini, Vergari Simone, Fichera Gaetano, and Kiefer Andreas. "First record of Hypsugo cf darwinii (Tomes, 1859) in Tuscany, Italy." Barbastella 9, no. 1 (2016). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13462194.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Hypsugo darwinii was originally described in the Canary material supplied by Darwin and attributed later to Hypsugo savii, but recent genetic studies have instead highlight edits new systematic position. It is distributed in North Africa, the Canary Islands, Sicily and Sardinia. Research carried out on Montecristo Island (Tuscan Archipelago National Park) in 2015, revealed the presence of this species on this island, the first for Tuscany, thus providing the new northernmost limit of its distribution. Our results also highlight the importance of small isolated islands for the conservation of bat biodiversity, particularly in the Mediterranean basin.

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Gianna, Dondini, Vergari Simone, Fichera Gaetano, and Kiefer Andreas. "First record of Hypsugo cf darwinii (Tomes, 1859) in Tuscany, Italy." Barbastella 9, no. 1 (2016). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13462194.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Hypsugo darwinii was originally described in the Canary material supplied by Darwin and attributed later to Hypsugo savii, but recent genetic studies have instead highlight edits new systematic position. It is distributed in North Africa, the Canary Islands, Sicily and Sardinia. Research carried out on Montecristo Island (Tuscan Archipelago National Park) in 2015, revealed the presence of this species on this island, the first for Tuscany, thus providing the new northernmost limit of its distribution. Our results also highlight the importance of small isolated islands for the conservation of bat biodiversity, particularly in the Mediterranean basin.

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Masseti, Marco. "On the elusive origin of the wild goat Capra aegagrus Erxleben, 1777, on the island of Montecristo (Italy)." ARPHA Conference Abstracts 2 (September 24, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/aca.2.e46731.

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Several authors stated that a “goats from the - not better identified - kingdom of Montenegro” were imported by king Vittorio Emanuele III on the small Tyrrhenian island of Montecristo at the end of the 19th century, with the aim of restocking the local big game. The Italian king had very close relations with this Balkan state and, in 1896, Montecristo became the honeymoon destination of him (at that time crown prince) and Elena, the daughter of the ruler of Montenegro. After 1899, the island became a royal hunting ground for Vittorio Emanueles exclusive use. It cannot be excluded that a legend of the importation of Montenegrin goats onto the small Tyrrhenian island was probably born at that time. The question arises as to what species this caprine from Montenegro might have been. In fact, no evidence seems to be available on the historic natural dispersion of C. aegagrus in the Balkan peninsula.

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Mazza, Giuseppe, Piero Abbazzi, Luciana Andriolo, et al. "Gonipterus scutellatus s. l. in Montecristo Island (Tuscany): should its first introduction to the Palearctic region be backdated to the 19th century? (Coleoptera Curculionidae)." Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana, June 6, 2012, 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/bollettinosei.2012.19.

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Abstract - A population of Gonipterus scutellatus sensu lato (Coleoptera Curculionidae), a pest of Eucalyptus spp., was found on February 2011, for the first time in Tuscany, in the Integral Natural Reserve of Montecristo Island (Central Italy) as the possible result of a late 19thcentury introduction on eucalyptus trees from Australia.Riassunto - Gonipterus scutellatus s. l. nell’isola di Montecristo (Toscana): il suo arrivo nella regione Paleartica dovrebbe essere retrodatato al XIX secolo? (Coleoptera Curculionidae). Gonipterus scutellatus s. l. (Coleoptera Curculionidae), un insetto dannoso per varie specie di Eucalyptus, è stato trovato, per la prima volta in Toscana, nel Febbraio 2011, nella Riserva Naturale Statale Integrale di Montecristo, isola del Parco Nazionale dell’Arcipelago Toscano. L’introduzione di questa specie potrebbe risalire alla fine del XIX secolo, con l’importazione di piante di Eucalyptus direttamente dall’Australia.

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Sacchi, Roberto, Alan Jioele Coladonato, Stefano Scali, Marco Mangiacotti, and Marco Alberto Luca Zuffi. "Combining N-mixture models with ecological niche modeling supplies a low-cost and fast procedure for estimating population size in remote areas." Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali, July 9, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12210-022-01082-9.

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Abstract Monitoring population changes and trends is a central task in conservation. However, obtaining detailed information for wide and low accessible areas, such as remote islands, is challenging, and cannot be achieved with conventional approaches, such as capture–mark–recapture protocols (CMR). In this paper, we show that combining N-mixture models with ecological niche modeling allows assessing reliable estimates of population size over large target areas on short time intervals. We used it to estimate the population size of a subspecies of the Italian wall lizards (Podarcis siculus calabresiae) endemic to the Island of Montecristo (10.39 km2 in surface). During a single week, we first generated a niche model of the species based on satellite images sampled few days before sampling. Then, we estimated lizard abundance through Bayesian N-mixture models on repeated counts (n = 3) along transects (n = 6), settled in different areas of habitat suitability defined on the basis of the niche model. Finally, we estimated in approximately 20.000 the total number of lizards living in the Island by extrapolating the values computed on transects to the areas of the islands with the same suitability estimated by the niche model. The procedure can be easily repeated allowing monitoring the status of conservation of the species in the island of Montecristo. More in general, this procedure has the potential to be applied to monitor any other species of conservation interest in remote areas whenever detailed satellite images are available. Graphical Abstract

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Masseti, Marco. "A reflection on recent trends in wildlife protection in Italy stemming from the question of the Montecristo wild goat." Mammalia 81, no. 2 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2016-0009.

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AbstractThe recent, almost complete disappearance of the original wild goats from the island of Montecristo, in the Northern Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy), raises worrying questions about the method currently employed in Italy to compile red lists of animal species requiring protection.

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Filibeck, Goffredo, Michele Baliva, Lucio Calcagnile, et al. "The Real “Treasure” of Montecristo Island: The Oldest Dated Holm Oaks in the Mediterranean." Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, June 20, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bes2.2094.

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TORRINI, GIULIA, GIUSEPPE MAZZA, AGOSTINO STRANGI, et al. "Oscheius tipulae in Italy: Evidence of an Alien Isolate in the Integral Natural Reserve of Montecristo Island (Tuscany)." Journal of Nematology 48, no. 1 (2017). https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2017-003.

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Montecristo Island is an integral natural reserve of the Tuscan Archipelago National Park (Central Italy), characterized by a peculiar assemblage of flora and fauna, with several endemic taxa, and also with a high number of alien species. During a soil survey, we found an alien Oscheius tipulae Lam &Webster, 1971 isolate, phylogenetically close to others from South America. In this article, we examined the possible pathways of introduction of this nematode. Because of the high number of alien plants in this protected area and the low desiccation survival ability of O. tipulae, we hypothesized that the presence of this alien nematode isolate may be related to the soil of introduced plants, although historical association with plant-associated invertebrates is also possible. Further studies with more populations and marker molecules are necessary to investigate the distribution of O. tipulae and the possible impact on this natural reserve.

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MacKinnon-Haskins, Barbara, and Alexander Dzib-Chay. "A New Population of Yellow Warbler (Setophaga petechia) on Cozumel Island with a Combination of Characteristics of Mangrove (S. p. bryanti) and Golden Warblers (S. p. rufivertex)." Huitzil, Revista Mexicana de Ornitología 18, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.28947/hrmo.2017.18.1.265.

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Cozumel Island is known to be home to the endemic Golden Warbler, Setophaga petechia rufi ertex, one of 43 subspecies of the Yellow Warbler, Setophaga petechia, while the mainland Yucatán Peninsula is home to a subspecies of Mangrove Warbler, Setophaga petechia bryanti, but historically Mangrove Warbler has been absent on the island. On 29 April 2014, we observed and photo- graphed a warbler with extensive chestnut hood resembling Mangrove Warbler at Laguna Montecristo on the north coast of Cozumel. Additional visits on 4-5 August 2014, 13-14 July 2015, and 24 October 2015, in addition to photo-documented reports from resident and visiting birders, has turned up a total of 40+ mostly male Mangrove Warblers in addition to numerous potential females both on the north coast as well as on the south coast of Cozumel. Most records are in mangrove vegetation or a mixture of mangrove with dune or secondary vegetation, with one exception. On the other hand, Golden Warblers were never found in only mangrove habitat. All males photographed had broad breast streaks, darker crowns than rest of head, and both sexes had slightly yellower lores than typical Mangrove Warblers, all being features of Golden Warbler. Genetic studies would be highly desirable to understand the origin of this apparently new population.

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De Bene, Andrea Francesco, Valeria Russini, Carlo Corradini, et al. "An extremely rare serovar of Salmonella enterica (Yopougon) discovered in a Western Whip Snake (Hierophis viridiflavus) from Montecristo Island, Italy: case report and review." Archives of Microbiology 206, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00203-023-03772-w.

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AbstractReptiles, including snakes, can be asymptomatically infected with multiple pathogen microorganisms, including Salmonella spp., which is considered an important concern for public and animal health. Small and uninhabited isles are quite ecologically different from mainland and represent interesting fields of study, to discover unexpected biological and microbiological aspects of their wild inhabitants. This work reports the presence of the very rare Salmonella enterica serovar Yopougon, isolated in a carcass of a native wild snake (Hierophis viridiflavus) from an Italian uninhabited island of Mediterranean Sea, Montecristo. To our knowledge, S. enterica serovar Yopougon was previously isolated only once 34 years earlier in Ivory Coast, from a human fecal sample. In the present study, we present the genomic characterization of the new isolate, the phylogenetic comparison with the previously isolated S. enterica serovar Yopougon strain of human origin and with other sequences available in public databases. In addition, an extensive review of available data in the literature and from our case history is provided. Our finding represents an example of the ability of some pathogens to travel for very long distances within their hosts and then to infect others, even from different taxa.

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Giusti, Folco, Andrzej Lesicki, Andrea Benocci, Joanna R. Pieńkowska, and Giuseppe Manganelli. "Weltersia obscura, a new slug from the island of Montecristo (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy): a hitherto undiscovered endemic or a recent alien? (Mollusca, Pulmonata, Limacidae)." Systematics and Biodiversity, June 4, 2021, 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2021.1908442.

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Roveta, Camilla, Daniela Pica, Barbara Calcinai, et al. "Hg Levels in Marine Porifera of Montecristo and Giglio Islands (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy)." June 24, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10124342.

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Porifera are filter-feeding organisms known to bioaccumulate different contaminants in their tissues. The presence of mercury (Hg) has been reported in different Mediterranean species, mainly collected in the southern coast of France. In the present study, mercury concentrations in the tissue of the sponges of Montecristo and Giglio, two islands of Tuscany Archipelago National Park (TANP), are presented for the first time. Analyses of total mercury content were performed by Direct Mercury Analyzer. Statistical differences have been reported in the Hg concentrations of species collected in both islands, but they do not appear related to the anthropic impacts of the islands. Among the collected species, a high intra- and inter-variability have been recorded, with Cliona viridis showing the lowest concentration (0.0167–0.033 mg·kg−1 dry weight), and Chondrosia reniformis and Sarcotragus spinosulus the highest (0.57 ± 0.15 and 0.64 ± 0.01 mg·kg−1 dry weight, respectively). The variability of Hg measured did not allow us to identify sponges as bioindicators of toxic elements. Anyway, these results improve knowledge on the ecosystem of the TANP, underlining the species-specificity of metal concentrations for Porifera, and providing additional data to address the main input of the Marine Strategy guidelines to protect coasts, seas and oceans.

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Chessari, Giorgio, Andrea Criscione, Donata Marletta, et al. "Characterization of heterozygosity-rich regions in Italian and worldwide goat breeds." Scientific Reports 14, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-49125-x.

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AbstractHeterozygosity-rich regions (HRR) are genomic regions of high heterozygosity, which may harbor loci related to key functional traits such as immune response, survival rate, fertility, and other fitness traits. This study considered 30 Italian and 19 worldwide goat breeds genotyped with the Illumina GoatSNP50k BeadChip. The aim of the work was to study inter-breed relationships and HRR patterns using Sliding Window (SW) and Consecutive Runs (CR) detection methods. Genetic relationships highlighted a clear separation between non-European and European breeds, as well as the north–south geographic cline within the latter. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the descriptive HRR parameters obtained with the SW and CR methods were higher than 0.9. A total of 166 HRR islands were detected. CHI1, CHI11, CHI12 and CHI18 were the chromosomes harboring the highest number of HRR islands. The genes annotated in the islands were linked to various factors such as productive, reproductive, immune, and environmental adaptation mechanisms. Notably, the Montecristo feral goat showed the highest number of HRR islands despite the high level of inbreeding, underlining potential balancing selection events characterizing its evolutionary history. Identifying a species-specific HRR pattern could provide a clearer view of the mechanisms regulating the genome modelling following anthropogenic selection combined with environmental interaction.

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Dols-Serrate, Daniel, Giacinta Angela Stocchino, Paula Nuin-Villabona, Ronald Sluys, and Marta Riutort. "New insights into the evolution and biogeography of freshwater planarians on islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean Basin, with the integrative description of a new endemic species from Corsica (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesia)." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 201, no. 4 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae080.

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Abstract A recent study on the freshwater planarian fauna of Corsica and Sardinia established that the formerly presumed single species Dugesia benazzii subsumed a complex of species. In that study, a thorough integrative taxonomic approach, combining molecular, morphological, and karyological data, uncovered the presence of two new endemic species. For the present study, additional samplings were conducted on Corsica, covering several new localities. The data obtained were added to our previous datasets, which included information on specimens collected from both islands. By taking a similar integrative approach to the prior study, we here describe another new endemic species from Corsica, Dugesia xeropotamica. Although our results support the separate status of this new species, it also turned out that the evolutionary relationships among species of the Corso-Sardinian clade remain unclear, because the relationships are not well resolved. Additionally, we corroborate the presence of Dugesia mariae on the Tyrrhenian islets of Montecristo and Molara, representing new records for this group of Dugesia species in the region of the Tyrrhenian Sea. In all, our findings indicate that the evolutionary and biogeographical history of Dugesia species in this region of the Western Mediterranean is more intricate than previously thought.

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