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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Montréal (Québec) – Ethnic relations'
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1
Occhipinti, Joseph. "Identity, place and community : a latin American locale in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26749.
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This is a study of a Latin American community centre in Montreal based on two years of participant observation. The Centre is one of many locales where immigrants spend their time and come to understand a new city, its history, people, and institutional systems. As such, it is a place where social identity is actively negotiated and frequently reinvented, highlighting the constructed and dynamic qualities of ethnicity in contemporary Western society. The study dialectically considers small- and large-scale influences on the Centre and its members. While structural limits often foster social marginalization which must be recognized and addressed, cultural production and the negotiation of identity occur primarily through the subtle and minute lifeworld experiences that are found in the everyday lives at the Centre.
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Fainella, John G. "Ethnicity and housing adaption : the Italians in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65545.
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Lange, Mélanie. "Montreal Anglophones : social distance and emigration." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65977.
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Leung, Ho Hon 1961. "Cultural sensitivity in the context of ethnic polities : a comparison of two families service agencies." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37763.
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This study explores the complex issues in culturally sensitive social services in the context of ethnic polities. We examine the reasons why the social service sector fails to provide equitable services to minorities. We explore the concept of ethnic match, services delivered by ethnic personnel, in an ethnic agency and using ethnic practice, as an attainable solution to the problems, by comparing with a Chinese and a Jewish ethno-specific family service agency in Montreal. The ways they deliver sensitive services to communities members and the challenges they face are documented. The dynamic of the ethnic polities in which these two agencies operate is also examined. We argue the formation and functioning of these agencies are shaped by a set of internal factors (within the communities) and external factors (in Quebec society). Culture plays a vital role in service delivery and help seeking, and also in the organization of these ethnic communities. Policy implications are discussed, and future research is suggested.
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De, Martinis Lucio. "Italian identity in Montreal : issues of intergenerational ethnic retention." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83175.
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Over time, the Italian community has become an integral part of Canada's ethnic mosaic. However, to what 'ethnic' cost has this integration occurred? This thesis looks at issues of ethnic retention among successive generations of Italian families living in Montreal. Focus is placed on three fundamental questions: (a) How did the Italian community change through generations? (b) Are the young generations displaying signs of symbolic ethnicity? and (c) How can the ethnic identity of Italians in Montreal be defined in 2005? Drawing on Herbert Gans' symbolic ethnicity approach, the initial hypothesis suggests that socio-economic upgrade spurs an ethnic consciousness founded on cultural symbols rather than on cultural values. Through ethnographic-based interviews, data was collected on 60 individuals grouped into 20 Italian families. Based on in-depth intergenerational comparisons between grandparents, parents and youth, results seem to confirm that young Italians reflect a pattern of symbolic ethnicity.
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Ahmed, Shameem. "Imagining ethnicity : the role of the Montreal Bangladeshi press in ethnic cohesion." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ44341.pdf.
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Han, Yang 1981. "Using E-government to strengthen Montreal's Chinese ethnic economy." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99374.
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In this thesis, I investigate the potential of E-Government in enhancing ethnic economies. I focus on the Chinese ethnic economy because it is a crucial component of the Canadian economy. I conducted a survey among 50 Chinese businesses in Montreal, interviewed officers in the local government and a Chinese business association to explore their opinions of E-Government for Chinese ethnic economic development. Based on the results, I developed a suite of web-based information, Geographic Information Systems and E-Commerce tools that were integrated into an E-Government application. Lastly, the prototype was compared with other E-Government sites to determine its unique features. I found that E-Government was a possible tool for advancing economic development in the Montreal Chinese community by providing categorized information, translated and customized government services and geographic information for their business decisions. It is hoped that this application can be used to promote economic development in other communities and ethnic economies.
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Johnson-Down, Louise. "A nutritional assessment of low income and multi-ethnic school children 9-12 years old and validation of alternative tools to measure fat intake." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23898.
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Despite the recognition that culturally diverse groups of children in low income areas are at elevated risk for future health problems, no dietary/nutritional studies have been reported on this population. Children aged 9-12 were sampled from schools selected on the basis of a poverty index and ethnicity. Nutritional information (24-hour recall, heights and weights) indicated children were growing well but a high proportion were overweight. A comparison of reported energy intake to calculated BMR indicated that overweight children under-estimated their intakes. Mean intakes met the Canadian RNIs except for calcium in 10-12 year old girls. Nutrient intake was related to family size, income and ethnic origin. Validation of two alternative tools to measure fat intake proved unsuccessful. In conclusion, dietary intake for these school children was adequate for all nutrients except calcium in 10-12 year old girls, but for approximately 40% of children, intake exceeded energy requirements.
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Jaimes, Annie. ""Dans la vie j'ai le vertige ... mais je sens que Dieu veut monter haut avec moi " : langages religieux et parcours identitaires de jeunes Haïtiens de la seconde génération à Montréal." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98939.
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This thesis examines the role of Christian idioms and practices in the self-fashioning of second generation Haitians of Protestant faith in Montreal. These members of Baptist and Pentecostal Haitian Churches encounter the particular challenges of combining multiple affiliations as they face racism and pressures to assimilate to the mainstream Quebecois society. Taking this context into account, I examine how young Protestants use and subvert religious symbols and practices in constructing their identity, and how they negotiate their position in their world defending themselves against denigrating stereotypes. My research explores how they undertake their personal as well as collective salvation through the work of memory, a self-righteous lifestyle, an intimate relationship with God as well as through the elaboration of their Christian mission.
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De, Iaco Gilda Assunta. "Juvenile street gang members and ethnic identity in Montreal, Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100345.
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This study explores ethnic identity and ethnic culture and the role they play in the lives of young men in gangs. Fifty male youths between the ages of 14 and 20 were interviewed. These youths were of French (10), Haitian (10), Jamaican (10), and Latino (10) ethnicity. Ten youths from a variety of other ethnic backgrounds were also interviewed. All youths were confined in maximum-security detention centers in Montreal, Canada. Participatory observation of males who were full-fledged gang members or affiliated with gang members was conducted at these centers. Analysis for this dissertation was conducted following the Birmingham School perspective and Herbert Gans's theory of symbolic ethnicity. The Birmingham School perspective is used to explore symbolic meaning behind specific styles [i.e. hairstyles, image, demeanor] and the degree to which they are interrelated with these young men's ethnic culture and ethnic identity, and how these various styles are signifiers of resistance or belonging. Herbert Gans's conception of symbolic ethnicity is used to explore ethno-cultural identity and its meaning in gang life. The research shows that these gangs (the French, Haitian, Jamaican, Latino, and youths from a variety of other ethnic backgrounds) are organized along racial and ethnic lines. Latinos were most likely to explicitly identify preservation of ethnic identity and ethnic culture as important components of gang life. This research is exploratory and identifies important issues for further investigation.Key words. youth gangs, delinquency, Montreal, ethnicity, culture, identity, style.
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Bélanger, Sarah. "The ethnic competition theory revisited : the case of Québec." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61676.
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Bombas, Leonidas C. "The Greek day school Socrates in Montreal : its development and impact on student identity, adjustment and achievement." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70218.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of the Greek day school Socrates in Montreal and its overall impact on its students vis-a-vis the variables of ethnic identity, socio-personal adjustment and academic achievement. Existing documentation, content analysis of the Greek community press, and participant observation were all used in unfolding the school's historical development. The dependent variables of Greekness, adjustment and achievement were examined via the interviewing of 549 Greek origin individuals, 118 of whom were adults, 255 Socrates students, 158 non-Socrates students, and the rest 18 were Socrates graduates. Although the results obtained did not provide conclusive evidence concerning an assumed differential impact of Socrates along the variables investigated, the ethnic identity influences of the community school were clearly delineated. At the same time, the results of the study have pointed to what has been coined here a "Socrates ethos" which is may be conducive to academic and socio-professional success. Accordingly, an overall long-term Socrates impact has tentatively been postulated.
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Bonar, Rita Aguzzi. "Intra-ethnic differences of the perceptions of aged Italian women in receiving care." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41096.
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This thesis is qualitative study of the perceptions of aged Italian women in receiving care. It examines intra-ethnic group differences between Italian-Immigrant and Italian-Canadian women, and their definition of the experience of receiving care. Also, it addresses gender, class, and ethnicity issues which have implications for social work practice, policy, and research.Sixty-one interviews were conducted with thirty participants, over the age of sixty-five. Participants were interviewed in their treatment environments with follow-up interviews in their home settings. Semi-structured in-depth interviews documenting these women's life histories, as well as participant observation, were the qualitative methods used to collect data. Interview transcripts and field notes were analyzed qualitatively to identify similarities and differences in participants' perceptions as care-receivers. A feminist theoretical perspective was applied to the discussion of the data.
The study suggests that differences exist between aged Italian-Immigrant and Italian-Canadian women care-receivers. These differences are directly related to specific personal and social factors which nurture and oppress them. Aged Italian-Canadian women were found to have more resources, greater independence with their supportive alliances, and higher levels of self-esteem and life satisfaction than aged Italian-Immigrant women. The findings provide insight into resources these women developed to deal with the constraints imposed on them by their gender, class, and ethnicity.
The study suggests an integrated-interactive approach of practice, policy, and research to implement changes so as to meet the needs of these individuals. The study recommends that a feminist social work approach be adopted in the educational curriculum for the training of social work professionals.
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Hagen, David 1962. "So many agendas : federal-provincial relations in the ethnic policy field in Quebec." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23333.
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The government of Quebec has officially opposed federal multicultural policy since 1971. Although the provincial response to multiculturalism, now widely known as interculturalisme, began to take shape as of the early 1980s, ethnic minorities in the province continue to be served by distinct federal and provincial bureaucracies. Despite this, federal-provincial relations over ethnic policy in Quebec remain little studied. Provincial rhetoric and many theoretical writings on intergovernmental relations in Canada together give rise to expectations of competition or conflict. However, some specialists in the field warn against overlooking collaboration. In fact, original research undertaken to explore federal-provincial relations in this sensitive policy area produced evidence of collaboration between federal and provincial officials despite divergences of opinion both political and theoretical. In addition, a certain degree of complementarity was noted in federal and provincial funding of ethnocultural and community groups.
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Nair, Roopa. "Renegotiating home and identity : experiences of Gujarati immigrant women in suburban Montréal." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20453.
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This study examines the meaning of home for 19 Hindu Gujarati immigrant women living in the Montreal suburban municipality of Dollard-des-Ormeaux. Adopting a qualitative approach, this study redefines home as a multiple and dynamic concept, referring not only to the house but also the homeland, neighbourhood, cultural community and even the abstract feeling of belonging or being 'at home.' While this study concentrates on the women's present homes and neighbourhoods, the idea of the home as being reinvented across a variety of spaces and social relationships is a central theme. Home-making is argued to be an evolving social process that begins in the childhood and marital homes in India and continues with the transition into new homes in Montreal. The house and home spaces (the neighbourhood and cultural community) are sites where multiple dimensions of the women's identities are given a voice and reinvented. The women define the character of the home spaces, and also negotiate culture, ethnicity and identity within them. Through the construction of hybrid cultural identities, the women are able to make themselves and their families 'at home' between cultures. This study points to complex and sometimes paradoxical meanings of home, and emphasizes the significance of the suburban, rather than inner city, quality of home-making and adaptation processes among immigrant women in Montreal.
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Aramaki, Michiko. "Family, paesani and networks : politics and economy of Montreal Italians." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28413.
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Focusing on Montreal Italian social networks, this thesis examines the ideological nature of ethnicity, and its functioning in political processes in urban Quebec. The ideological dynamics of ethnicity are revealed in the process of the creation and re-creation of belief in "Italian family", as a distinctive 'Italian' culture. This first separates Italians into different families and regional groups of paesani, but then brilliantly unites Italians into one group according to necessity. In political processes, various Italian associations and presidents are connected to formal politics through the mediation of Italian political brokers. The extensive construction of suburban residences created Italian economic elites and affected other sectors of the economy. Significantly, Italians attempt to keep business within Italian networks. This 'nationalistic' aspect of networks aims to maximize interests within the group. Such dynamic Italian politico-economic networks extend to the further level of formal politics in which federalist Liberals and separatist Parti Quebecois are principal rivals.
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Fortin, Marie-Céline. "Le déséquilibre du pouvoir dans les relations de sexe et la qualité de vie : le cas des femmes immigrantes séropositives de Québec et de Montréal." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24418/24418.pdf.
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Trigger, Rosalyn. "The role of the parish in fostering Irish-Catholic identity in nineteenth-century Montreal /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28235.
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This work focuses on the efforts of Montreal's Irish Catholics to maintain a cohesive ethnic community throughout the nineteenth century, and on the vital role that the national parish played in this process. The early community directed its attention towards institution building centred around Saint Patrick's church, which had been built for the use of Irish Catholics in the 1840s. Following the dismemberment of the extensive parish of Notre-Dame and the erection of smaller Irish national parishes in the early 1870s, greater emphasis was placed on the creation of a wide variety of parish societies. By discouraging participation in Irish national societies that refused to submit to clerical authority, and by effectively fusing religious and national identification, the clergy ensured the success of parish-based organisation. Broader associations embracing the various Irish-Catholic parish societies were established, and participation in the Saint Patrick's day procession inscribed these affiliations in space. It will be demonstrated that the territorial and social evolution of parishes were intimately connected.
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Lepine, Irène. "Shortages of skilled blue collar workers in the machining trades in Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75702.
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The objective of this thesis is to examine the evidence of and responses to shortages of skilled blue collar workers in the machining trades--tool and die makers and machinists--in the Montreal metropolitan region. The period studied is 1974 to 1981 and the study focuses on employer behaviour.It was found that data available from government sources documenting the supply and demand for thee occupations are generally inadequate. The research underlines that one of the fundamental difficulties in compiling net supply and demand figures for these occupations is the pinning down of skill levels involved. Employers' definitions of skill are therefore analyzed.
This research indicates that organizational factors appear to influence the recruitment process as well as the choice of adjustment measures. It was found that employers dispose of and use many measures to respond to shortages. Specifically it was found that the adjustment process does not take place only through changes in wage rates. Rather employers will tend to favour adjustment measures that maintain existing arrangements within firms and preserve management discretion.
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Bouhid, Souad. "A computer-aided investigation of cultural representations in media discourse /." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116026.
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The aim of this study was to explore cultural representations conveyed in the media discourse using a content-analysis software called ALCESTE. Our exploration focused on a sample of written media discourse in the Quebecois linguistic context, the Michaud affair, comparing and contrasting two different perspectives. We retrieved from the Internet all the articles published between December 2000 and January 2001 related to the case under study from two English Canadian newspapers, the National Post and The Gazette . The two corpora were submitted to ALCESTE software.Using the factorial correspondence analysis of ALCESTE, we identified four different lexical worlds in the corpora of over fifty thousand words. Those lexical worlds correspond to the different positions of the utterers vis-a-vis the issue under study.
Specific vocabulary from the lexical worlds were found to convey cultural representations. Our study has permitted to uncover differences and similarities in the analysis of the Michaud affair reported in the National Post , an English newspaper in Toronto, Ontario, and in The Gazette , an English newspaper edited in Montreal, Quebec.
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Donovan, Patrick. "The boundaries of charity : the impact of ethnic relations on private charitable services for Quebec city's English-speakers, 1759-1900." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33774.
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Cette thèse porte sur les organismes privés de bienfaisance s’adressant aux anglophones de Québec entre 1759 et 1900. L’étude offre un portrait des différents organismes, des besoins auxquels ceux-ci répondent et des lacunes dans le réseau d’assistance. Au cours de la période étudiée, le rôle des organismes privés d’assistance s’accroît, alors que celui de l’État décroît. La compassion envers les pauvres augmente, engendrant de nouvelles organisations charitables pour les populations les plus marginalisées. En dépit de ce fait, la prison sert souvent de refuge pour compenser les failles dans le réseau. Cette thèse montre plus précisément comment les relations interethniques façonnent le réseau d’assistance aux pauvres. Tout au long du demi-siècle suivant la Conquête, dans la ville de Québec, les autorités britanniques en poste soutiennent l’infrastructure charitable catholique établie lors du régime français, fait inusité dans l’Empire britannique. Après 1815, époque marquée par une forte immigration de Grande Bretagne et d’Irlande, de nouvelles associations bénévoles laïques voient le jour. La coopération entre élites de différents groupes ethnoreligieux existe dans plusieurs associations. Les divisions ethniques s’intensifient toutefois entre 1835 et 1855, un changement engendré par une convergence de facteurs, dont la défaite du républicanisme patriote, un accroissement de la pratique religieuse, la mise en place d’écoles confessionnelles et l’émergence d’un nationalisme irlando-catholique plus robuste à la suite de la grande famine. Dans la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle, le paysage de l’assistance se divise clairement entre trois réseaux parallèles : un pour les catholiques francophones, un pour les irlando-catholiques anglophones et un pour les protestants anglophones. Le Saint Bridget’s Asylum et le Ladies’ Protestant Home, fondés dans les années 1850, constituent des points d’ancrage forts pour ces réseaux. Les rares tentatives de remise en question des frontières ethniques se soldent par des tensions accrues et même de la violence. Malgré ces divisions, il existe un respect mutuel pour ces frontières dans les trois communautés de la ville, ce qui est inhabituel dans la plupart des villes nord-américaines.This thesis examines the private charitable sector for English-speakers in Quebec City from 1759 to 1900. It provides an overview of poor relief associations, the needs they addressed, and the gaps that remained. The role of private charities increased over the period studied, and that of the state decreased. Compassion toward the poor also increased, leading to new types of charitable organizations for the underclass. Despite this, the prison system served as a refuge to fill gaps in the private charitable sector. More specifically, this study demonstrates how changes in ethno-religious relations shaped the charity network. In the first half century after the Conquest of Quebec, British authorities supported the Catholic charitable infrastructure established during the French regime, which was unusual within the British Empire. After 1815, as immigration from Britain and Ireland increased, lay private voluntary associations emerged, including many that involved elite cooperation across religious and linguistic lines. Instances of cooperation decreased from 1835 to 1855 due to rising ethnic boundaries caused by the defeat of Patriote republicanism, an increase in religious practice, the establishment of separate confessional schools, and a new type of Irish-Catholic nationalism following the Great Famine. In the latter half of the nineteenth century, the private charitable sector became sharply divided into three parallel networks with hardly any overlap: one for Francophone Catholics, one for English-speaking Irish Catholics, and one for English-speaking Protestants. Two core institutions founded in the 1850s, Saint Bridget’s Asylum and the Ladies’ Protestant Home, cemented the divide. Rare attempts to challenge these boundaries resulted in tension and even violence. Despite these divisions, there was a greater mutual respect of established boundaries among communities than in most North American cities.
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Iuliano, Susanna. "Constructing Italian ethnicity : a comparative study of two Italian language newspapers in Australia and Canada, 1947-1957." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22595.
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This thesis is broadly concerned with how an ethnic group defines itself through the medium of the press. It contends that newspapers do more than simply 'reflect' the experience of ethnic groups, they in fact help to 'construct' ethnic identity.The specific focus of this study is the Italian language press and its attempts to shape the ideals of italianita of Italian migrants in Canada and Australia in the immediate post-war period. This work is based on two newspapers, Montreal's Il Cittadino Canadese and La Fiamma published in Sydney, New South Wales. All available editions from the decade 1947 to 1957 are examined in order to determine which symbols and causes were used to promote Italian ethnic cohesiveness.
In the course of this thesis, it is argued that La Fiamma used religion as the basis of its ideal of italianita, while the Italo-Canadian paper Il Cittadino Canadese made the issue of Italian political representation in Canadian government structures the basis of its quest to unite Italian migrants into an ethnic 'community'. Some possible reasons for the difference in focus between the two newspapers are presented in the conclusion. Also, suggestions are made for future comparative research between Italian ethnic communities in Canada and Australia which may help to better explain the differences laid bare in this paper.
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Audette-Chapdelaine, Marianne. "La dynamique des relations entre acteurs publics et privés dans la gestion des services d'eau urbains : les cas de Montréal et Marseille." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25440/25440.pdf.
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La gestion des services d’eau urbains pose de nombreux défis afin d’assurer une eau de qualité pour tous et un renouvellement des infrastructures à long terme. La meilleure manière de répondre à ces défis varie d’un endroit à l’autre, et différents modèles de gouvernance et structures organisationnelles sont proposées dans la littérature académique ou mis en œuvre dans les pratiques. Dans ce contexte, la place du secteur privé dans la gestion des services d’eau a été au cœur de nombreux débats politiques et académiques, particulièrement au cours des années 1990.
Ce travaille explore les relations entre acteurs publics et privés dans la gestion des services d’eau, plus particulièrement pour le cas de la Ville de Montréal. Confrontée à une situation de dégradation des infrastructures, la ville de Montréal met en place un groupe de travail au début des années 1990 afin de trouver un modèle organisationnel qui permette d’en améliorer la gestion et le financement. Les années 1990 et le début des années 2000 sont marqués par un large débat sur la participation du secteur privé aux services d’eau, qui s’éloigne toutefois de la question du financement des services, de la gestion du patrimoine ou de l’accès à l’expertise. La ville attendra le milieu des années 2000 pour élaborer un plan de mise à niveau des infrastructures et de leur financement, auquel participent de près les firmes de génie-conseil. La création du fonds de l’eau et la mise en route des trois grands « chantiers techniques de l’eau » marquent ainsi le début d’une reprise en main des services, après de nombreuses années de laisser-aller. La structure organisationnelle devra elle aussi être ajustée afin d’assurer une gestion et une planification efficaces à long terme.
Nous présentons également le cas de la ville de Marseille, où un modèle de gestion et une structure de gouvernance très différents nous permettent de prendre un certain recul par rapport au cas de Montréal. Le cas de Marseille se caractérise par la participation d’un acteur privé à la gestion des services d’eau, la Société des Eaux de Marseille (SEM), depuis la fin des années 1930. Un système de gestion des contrats et de reddition de comptes. L’échéance du contrat de Marseille en 2013 suscite déjà un mouvement à l’interne, la SEM cherchant à accroître son efficacité et à réduire ses coûts afin de faire face à la concurrence, mais également afin de justifier son indépendance par rapport à ses maisons mères, Suez et Veolia. Le fait d’appartenir à part égale aux deux majors dans le domaine de l’eau était garant d’autonomie pour l’entreprise, ce qu’elle craint de perdre lorsque l’une des sociétés revendra ses parts à l’autre afin de se conformer aux normes européennes en matière de concurrence.
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Lebrun, Aurélie. "Prendre et trouver sa place : discours hétéronormatifs et pratiques hétérosexuelles dans un cruising bar de Montréal." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82912.
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In the 1980s and 1990s, lesbian and gay politics and queer theory problematized the concept of heteronormativity in order to denounce and call into question the normative system that privileges and rewards heterosexual identities and lifestyle. However, conceptualisations of heteronormativity have failed to destabilize heterosexuality as a norm. In this thesis, I argue that the concept of heteronormativity is insufficient to subvert the heterosexual system because it fails to acknowledge the complexity of heterosexual identities. Far from being uniform and homogenous, heterosexuality is organized as a hierarchical system. The regulation of heterosexuality is ensured by heterosexual masculine and feminine gender identities within which the acquisition of privilege and power depend on many variables and criteria.I argue that the regulatory effects of these discourses are constantly challenged in practice and that to overcome the limits of the concept of heteronormativity we have to investigate the practices and arrangements of heterosexual masculine and feminine gender identities. Moreover, we have to observe heterosexuality in 'place', specifically in places other than the home or workplace that do not reproduce the hegemonic heteronormative division between the public and private spheres. Because, if heteronormative discourses police spaces according to specific norms, heterosexuality is practised everywhere.
To do so, I went to a heterosexual cruising bar in Montreal, Le Minuit, where the clientele is typically single (divorced or never married) and 39 years old. The discourse of the 'cruising bar' label is significant in two ways. First, it gives a striking representation of what is perceived and constructed at the founding moment of heterosexuality: the meeting of women and men. Second, the discourse of the cruising bar, because of the specific characteristics of its clientele, illustrates non hegemonic heterosexuality. In Quebec, the discourse surrounding the label 'cruising bar' brings to mind images of 'losing' heterosexual identities that are seen as inadequate and lacking. In this sense, the label 'cruising bar' is heteronormative since it also defines, by default, its opposite---'winning' identities that are privileged. In the face of contemptuous discourses that devalorize their personal experiences, the patrons of Le Minuit engage in a process of reconstruction. During the interviews, informants would incessantly go back and forth between the norms and their own experiences in an attempt to both conform to and detach themselves from heteronormative discourses. At the Minuit, informants, night after night, in becoming regulars, distance themselves from their negative perceptions about 'women in bars' and men in bars, perceptions they acquire long before going out.
In order to understand heterosexuality and end its privileges we have to know how heteronormativity organises, produces and reproduces itself. Therefore, it is necessary to observe how heteronormativity organizes gender identities in everyday life. It is equally important to reveal that there are multiple perceptions and experiences of the arrangements that define heterosexual practices, which can simultaneously conform to and confront heteronormative discourses. To know heterosexuality, we must observe and listen to those who, though marginalized, are in fact at the heart of heterosexuality; those who through incessant efforts to achieve norms take part in their maintenance.
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Brunger, Fern M. "Safeguarding Mother Tamil in multicultural Quebec : Sri Lankan legends, Canadian myths, and the politics of culture." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28425.
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I examine the concept of "culture" being promoted in the Canadian policy of multiculturalism and by Tamil refugees safeguarding their culture in Quebec. I take culture in its relation to power as my focus. I explore what culture means to the Tamils, and how the Canadian ideology of multiculturalism is implicated in the way Tamil "culture keepers" (re)construct their cultural identity.This research addresses popular "multiculturalism" movements which use anthropological notions of culture but fail to problematize the notion of culture itself. I illustrate how and why the concept of culture is itself culturally embedded and historically shaped, and thus dense with political implications.
It also addresses anthropological approaches which avoid realist ethnography because of its political implications. I argue that a focus on culture in its relation to power is necessary in order to examine anthropology's own continuing involvement in imperialism.
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Louis, Winnifred R. "Grumbling, voting, demonstrating, and rioting : a model of social identity and decision-making in intergroup contexts." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38076.
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An individual faced with intergroup conflict must choose from a vast array of possible actions, ranging from grumbling among ingroup friends to voting and demonstrating to rioting and revolution. The present thesis proposes a model of decision-making in intergroup contexts oriented towards understanding how group members choose among these behavioural alternatives. Intergroup decisions are conceptualized as rationally shaped by perceptions of the benefits and costs associated with the action (expectancy-value processes). In intergroup contexts, group-level costs and benefits may play a critical role in individuals' decision-making. Perception of the dynamic between ingroup and outgroup norms is thought to be a key determinant of the group-level benefits and costs associated with individualistic or collective actions. Four studies explore the predictive value of this model for understanding decision-making in the context of English-French conflict in Quebec. Studies 1 and 2 provide evidence that group-level costs and benefits influence individuals' decision-making, in intergroup contexts. Contrary to the predictions of individualistic models of decision-making such as the theory of planned behaviour (Ajzen, 1985), the individual level of analysis was not observed to mediate the group level of analysis. Moreover, contrary to recent social identity theorizing (Kelly, 1993; Simon et al., 1998), perceived group-level costs and benefits were implicated in the relationship between social identity and intentions to engage in collective action. Studies 3 and 4 provide evidence that outgroup and ingroup norms may interact to influence decision-making. Thus, contrary to the referent informational influence model (Terry & Hogg, 1996; Turner, 1991), ingroup norms alone did not determine group members' actions. Moreover, Study 4 provides evidence that the dynamic between ingroup and outgroup norms influences evaluations of the costs and benefits of intergroup behaviours, both
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Herman, Dana. "In the shadow of the mountain : a historical re-evaluation of the 1988 Outremont dispute." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19721.
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This work is a historical re-evaluation of the 1988 Outremont dispute that began as a small municipal affair involving two Hasidic congregations, Congregation Amour Pour Israel and Congregation Munchos Elozar-Munkatz. Both groups failed in their attempts to change a zoning bylaw that would allow the former to construct a synagogue at 1035 Saint-Viateur and the latter to retain its synagogue at 1030 Saint-Viateur. By the time it ended, the Canadian Jewish Congress and the Human Rights League of B'nai Brith had become involved in mediating the dispute and responding to the anti-Hasidic stance expressed by some francophone residents of Outremont and a number of journalists. Although several scholars have examined this incident, it has been secondary to other issues. Moreover, a comprehensive review of the scholarly literature written on the controversy shows that scholars' focus on the media fallout necessarily omits key elements of the incident: the historical narrative of the municipal vote, the extent of Jewish organizational involvement, the larger press reaction to the anti-Hasidic stance, and the positions taken by the Hasidim and the municipal officials themselves. This historical approach provides inclusion and analysis of these issues. Finally, a review of the literature written on Hasidim in Canada places this re-evaluation in its proper scholarly context.
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Marshall, Joan 1943. "The Anglican Church and socio-political change : implications for an English-speaking minority in Quebec." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70193.
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Since the early sixties, social and political change in Quebec has fundamentally altered the relationships between the majority French and minority English-speaking populations. As francophones have laid claim to the decision-making spheres of power, anglophones have experienced losses to their community through out-migration and the loss of social power. This study reveals various responses within the church, incorporating concepts of community and 'place' as symbols in identity formation and cultural affirmation. Levels of financial commitment for individual parishes and mission outreach, numbers of Easter communicants and response to liturgical change all show distinctive patterns. The research also points to important implications for the church in relation to its aging population, the role of women, and the significance of family histories.
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Deschambault-Lepage, Marie-Ève. "Crise du syndicalisme et processus de revitalisation du mouvement des travailleuses dans l'industrie montréalaise de la confection : étude de cas et analyse critique de l'émergence de nouvelles alliances et de nouveaux acteurs parmi les employées vulnérables à l'ère du capitalisme global et flexible." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28910/28910.pdf.
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Mathews, Julie. "The socialization of students from the developing world into the academic discipline of International Relations." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0025/MQ50543.pdf.
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Desjardins, Mario. "L'Empire ou la nation : le statut constitutionnel du Canada et les journaux montréalais, 1917-1926." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18393.
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Chamberland, Suzie. "Les comportements de recherche d'aide des familles de communautés ethnoculturelles dont un membre présente des incapacités intellectuelles." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ51121.pdf.
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Brass, Gregory M. "Respecting "the Medicines" : narrating an aboriginal identity at Nechi House." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0032/MQ64134.pdf.
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Houle-Courcelles, Mathieu. ""Ni Rome, ni Moscou" : l'itinéraire des militants communistes libertaires de langue française à Montréal pendant l'entre-deux-guerres." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67563.
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Thèse en cotutelle : Université Laval Québec, Canada et Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne Paris, FranceCette thèse retrace l’itinéraire collectif d’un groupe de militants communistes libertaires de langue française pendant l’entre-deux-guerres à Montréal rassemblés autour d’Albert Saint-Martin (1865-1947). Figure importante du mouvement ouvrier au Québec, l’itinéraire politique de Saint-Martin est multiforme : on le retrouve associé au Parti socialiste du Canada, à la One Big Union, au Parti socialiste (communiste), à la Ligue des sanstravail, à l’Association révolutionnaire Spartakus, à l’Université ouvrière, à l’Association humanitaire, à la Ligue du Réveil féminin et à de nombreuses coopératives de consommation et de production. Saint-Martin est entouré de camarades provenant de divers horizons politiques. Notre thèse nous a permis d’identifier plus de 300 individus ayant pris part à des activités militantes à ses côtés. À travers l’analyse croisée de leurs parcours individuels, nous cherchons à mieux comprendre les modalités de leur engagement collectif avant, pendant et après la Première Guerre mondiale, leur représentation de la société idéale et les moyens d’y parvenir, la nature et la diversité de leurs liens de sociabilité, les territoires où se déploient leurs réseaux, la fréquence et les thèmes de leurs réunions de même que les symboles et les rituels qui y sont rattachés. Nous faisons l’hypothèse que celles et ceux qui participent aux activités de ce milieu partagent une même culture révolutionnaire articulée autour des notions de communisme, d’anticapitalisme, d’anticléricalisme et d’internationalisme, débouchant sur une critique des institutions autoritaires : l'État, l’Église catholique, la propriété privée, l’armée, le mariage, etc. Les stratégies d’émancipation individuelle et collective mises de l’avant par ces militants et ces militantes reposent sur l’éducation et l'action directe. C’est cet ensemble de principes théoriques, stratégiques et tactiques que nous regroupons sous le terme de communisme libertaire.
This thesis retraces the collective itinerary of a group of French-speaking libertarian communist militants during the inter-war period in Montreal gathered around Albert Saint-Martin (1865-1947). An important figure in Quebec’s labour movement, Saint-Martin’s political itinerary is multifaceted: he is associated with the Socialist Party of Canada, the One Big Union, the Socialist Party (Communist), the Workers' University, the Spartakus Revolutionary Association, the Humanitarian Association, the Women's Awakening League, the Montreal Unemployed League and various consumers and production cooperatives. Saint-Martin is surrounded by comrades from various political backgrounds. Our thesis allowed us to identify more than 300 individuals who took part in militant activities at his side. Through the cross-analysis of their individual journeys, we seek to better understand the terms of their collective commitment, their representation of the ideal society and the means to achieve it, the nature and diversity of their sociability links, the territories in which their networks are deployed, the frequency and themes of their meetings, as well as the symbols and rituals attached to them. We hypothesize that those who participate in the activities of this milieu share a same revolutionary culture articulated around the notions of communism, anti-capitalism, anticlericalism and internationalism, leading to a critique of authoritarian institutions: the State, the Catholic Church, private property, army, marriage, etc. The strategies of individual and collective emancipation put forward by these activists are based on education and direct action. It is this set of theoretical, strategic and tactical principles that we group together under the term libertarian communism.
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Sin, Ricky W. C. (Ricky Wai-Chuen). "Goal attainment, social exchange and power relations : a search for guiding principles for organizing strategy." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23315.
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This qualitative research employed the single case study approach to review the process by which service users and the staff of a food bank successfully broke through the bureaucratic resistance and secured new premises from the City of Montreal. This study explores the capacity of weaker parties to achieve their desired goal through strategic intervention on social exchange network despite the pre-existing asymmetric power relations. The conception of goal attainment, power relations and social exchange were discussed in order to develop the research questions. Case materials were collected from multiple sources: documentary research, in-depth interviews, and observation. The findings demonstrate that internal solidarity, potential uses of coalitions and expansion of resource networks are fundamental factors for members of a subordinate group to gain power and to achieve their goals. Implications for community organization practice were drawn from the overview of the empirical findings and theoretical concepts.
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Lesacher, Claire. "Le rap comme activité (s) sociale (s) : dynamiques discursives et genre à Montréal (approche sociolinguistique)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN20030/document.
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Cette recherche propose d’interroger l’activité rap montréalaise d’un point de vue sociodiscursif et à l’aune du genre, à travers le prisme des pratiques, des représentations, des expériences et des trajectoires de rappeuses à Montréal. Inscrite dans le champ de la sociolinguistique et arrimée aux, ancrages théoriques et épistémologiques qui envisagent le genre comme un rapport social coproduit et les subjectivités en tant que traversées des rapports sociaux, mais jamais Pleinement déterminées par ces derniers, cette étude se base sur une enquête de terrain réalisée en 2011 auprès de rappeuses à Montréal. Axée sur un corpus discursif et interprété selon une méthode qui croise analyse du discours et analyse de contenu thématique, elle engage une approche des phénomènes et des processus à l’œuvre en tant qu’ils sont territorialisés.Les pratiques, les expériences et les représentations des rappeuses seront envisagées dans un contexte marqué par leur « rareté ». Il sera constaté qu’outre une actualisation des rapports sociaux de sexe, les pratiques et les expériences des rappeuses sont aussi impactées par les enjeux sociolinguistiques de l’espace montréalais, ainsi que par ce qui relève du concept de québéquicité. Ainsi, les rappeuses composent leurs pratiques et leurs trajectoires en étant toujours situées à une place unique, dynamique et forcément ambivalente au sein de la matrice de la domination, et qui se façonne notamment par l’imbrication du genre, du langage, des représentations sur le rap, et des héritages d’une idéologie de la francophonie canadienne-française, que réactualise notamment le concept de québéquicité contemporainThis research offers a socio-discursive insight on the Montréal rap scene, by looking into the practices, representations, experiences and trajectories of female rappers in Montréal, through the prism of gender. Grounded in the field of sociolinguistics – and even more so in urban sociolinguistics for the originality of its questionings – and anchored to the theoretical and epistemological frameworks that envisage gender as a coproduced social relation (“rapport social”) and subjectivities as permeated by social relations, but never completely determined by them, this study is based on a fieldwork among female Montréal rappers, which took place in 2011. Based on a discursive corpus, interpreted using both discourse analysis and thematic analysis, it engages an interpretation of the phenomena and of the processes as territorialized. The practices, experiences and representations of the female rappers will be analyzed in a context marked by their scarcity. Beside the actualization of gender relations and formation processes, I find that the sociolinguistic features of Montréal’s social space, and what is referred to as “québéquicity”, also impact the practices and the experiences of the rappers. Thus, the rappers compose their practices and their trajectories while being constantly positioned in a unique, dynamic, and bound to be ambivalent place inside the “matrix of domination”, shaped by the interweaving of gender, language, perspectives on rap music, and the heritage of an ideology of the French-Canadian “francophonie”, that notably actualizes the contemporary concept of “québéquicity”
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Dufour, Annie. "Infection par les virus de l'immunodéficience humaine et de l'hépatite B chez des hommes qui ont des relations sexuelles avec d'autres hommes à Montréal, Québec." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0001/NQ43066.pdf.
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Marcoux, Gilles. "Engagement organisationnel et distanciation sociale : analyse interprétative de la situation expérimentée par des agents de service en centre d'appel." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24660/24660.pdf.
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Courtois, Charles-Philippe. "Trois mouvements intellectuels québécois et leurs relations françaises : L'Action française, "La Relève" et "La Nation" (1917-1939)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0012.
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La question des rapports entre l’Action française de Montréal (devenue Action nationale), et l’Action française de Paris a été posée en termes idéologiques. Dans l’historiographie, la contradiction apparente entre son intérêt manifeste pour son homonyme français et leur différence idéologique demeurait un « mystère ». L'auteur examine la question sous un angle nouveau, celui de l’histoire des intellectuels et leurs pratiques socioculturelles, éclairant la question du rapport entre les deux Actions françaises. En effet les mouvements intellectuels caractérisent les nouvelles pratiques des «intellectuels» du XXe s. Leur développement structurel en France suscite des transferts culturels. L'auteur propose une première taxinomie des mouvements intellectuels. La «ligue d’intellectuels» ressort comme le type le plus ambitieux, et la ligue maurrassienne comme un modèle d’organisation et de stratégie, étudié et adapté par les éminences de son homonyme québécoise, malgré d’importantes différences idéologiques. La Relève est proche d’Esprit, La Nation de Gringoire et Je suis partout : deux familles de pensée issues des contrecoups de la condamnation de l'Action française. Dans le cas de La Relève, l'influence du personnalisme est déterminante. Or elle s'avère plus proche de Maritain que de Mounier. La Nation adapte le style de Gringoire et l'idéologie de la Jeune Droite ; pourtant elle s'en distingue par son évolution en sens contraire de la Jeune-Droite: au lieu de se radicaliser dans les années 1930, ellle se modère. Chacun des trois groupes québécois est ainsi inspiré de modèles français, sources de matériaux pour édifier leur propre mouvement originalThe link between Montreal Action française (later l’Action nationale) and the Paris Action française has been examined in ideological terms. Because of the difference between their ideologies, the manifest interest shown by the Quebec movement for its French homonym remaind a “mystery” in historiography. The author examins the question under a new light, that of the history of intellectuals, their sociocultural practices, and proposes a first taxonomy of intellectual movements. Indeed, intellectual movements characterize the new 20th c. “intellectuals” and their practices. Their structural development in France gives rise to cultural transfers. The author proposes a first taxonomy of intellectual movements. The “league of intellectuals” is the most ambitious type, and the Maurrassian league serves as a model of organization and strategy, studyed and adapted by the leaders of its Quebec homonym, despite important ideological differences. La Relève is influenced by Esprit, La Nation by Gringoire and Je suis partout : two ideological families that result from the Paris Action française’s condemnation by Rome. In the case of La Relève, the influence of personnalism is defining ; however, it is discovered closer to Maritain than to Mounier. Albeit La Nation adapts Gringoire’s successful style and Jeune Droite ideology, it distinguishes itself by her ideological evolution: rather than radicalizing istelf, it moderates its politics in the later 1930s. All three Quebec groups are thus inspired by French models that provide material for creating their own original movements
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Blier, Christina. "Identification et description de différents profils familiaux chez les familles d'adolescentes présentant une anorexie mentale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27266.
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Cette étude vise à identifier et à décrire différents profils chez les familles d'adolescentes présentant une anorexie restrictive. À titre exploratoire, l'étude vise également à tenter d'établir s'il y a une relation entre la sévérité des profils cliniques et la sévérité du trouble des conduites alimentaires tel qu'évalué par l'IMC. L'étude repose sur une analyse secondaire des données de l'étude1 de Pauzé et al. (2011) et a été réalisée auprès de 181 adolescentes (âgées entre 12 et 17 ans) présentant une anorexie mentale admises dans une des cliniques spécialisées des troubles des conduites alimentaires entre 2006 et 2015. Résultats : Les résultats de notre étude ont permis d'identifier trois sous-groupes de familles. Le premier sous-groupe se caractérise par des problèmes concernant l'engagement relationnel et la qualité de la communication entre les membres de la famille et des relations jeunes-parents difficiles. Il est à noter que ce sous-groupe ne représente que 6,1% de l'échantillon. Le second sous-groupe se caractérise quant à lui par une distance relationnelle entre les membres de la famille, et ce, de façon marquée entre les adolescentes et leurs parents. Ce sous-groupe représente 27,6% de l'échantillon. Enfin, le troisième sous-groupe de familles semble présenter un fonctionnement normal selon les résultats aux questionnaires utilisés. Ce sous-groupe représente deux familles sur trois (66,3%). Enfin, il ne semble pas y avoir de relation entre la sévérité des profils cliniques des familles et la sévérité du trouble des conduites alimentaires telle que mesurée par l'indice de masse corporelle. Ces résultats suggèrent la pertinence de développer des interventions différenciées en fonction des profils familiaux et axées sur l'implication et le soutien des familles. Mots-clés : Anorexie mentale, Troubles des conduites alimentaires, Fonctionnement familial, Profils familiaux, Adolescentes.
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Kenny, Nicolas. "Forging urban culture : modernity and corporeal experiences in Montreal and Brussels, 1880-1914." Thèse, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6659.
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Pierre, Arcène. "L’influence des expériences racistes sur le comportement des jeunes issus de l’immigration haïtienne à montréal." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6137.
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Ce mémoire porte sur les jeunes issus de l’immigration haïtienne à Montréal. Il propose une analyse qualitative des propos recueillis sur les trajectoires sociales de ces jeunes fondée sur l’approche sociologique constructiviste des relations ethniques. L’analyse comparative des expériences vécues par les jeunes femmes et les jeunes hommes tant dans le milieu scolaire, sur le lieu de travail, en matière de logement, de ressources économiques que dans leurs rapports avec les jeunes Montréalais canadien-français, a permis d’observer un effet de genre en matière d’intégration et de vision de la société.
Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que le parcours des jeunes femmes témoigne d’une intégration sociale plus réussie que celui des jeunes hommes. Ces derniers qui, au cours de leurs trajectoires sociales, rapportent avoir vécu des expériences racistes, s’identifient moins comme Québécois et développent de moins bonnes relations d’amitié avec les jeunes Québécois canadien-français que ne le font les jeunes femmes ayant vécu les expériences similaires. Ce qui semble expliquer un sentiment d’insatisfaction et des propos peu flatteurs dans les discours des jeunes hommes envers la société québécoise.This thesis focuses on young Haitian immigrants in Montreal. It offers a qualitative analysis of information collected on their social trajectories based on a sociological constructivist approach of ethnic relations. When comparing the experiences of young women and men in areas such as schools, workplace, housing, economic resources as well as in their relationships with the young French-Canadian Montrealer, one could observe an effect of gender from a perspective of integration and vision of the society. The results of this study suggest that the course of young women reflects a social integration more successful than young men. These young males, whom in their social trajectories have reported facing racist experiences, identify themselves less as Quebecers and develop poor relationships with young French-Canadian Quebecers than do young women who lived similar experiences. This seems to explain a feeling of dissatisfaction and unflattering remarks in young men’s speeches towards Quebec society.
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Cody, Karen. "Language choice, language attitudes and ethnic identity in bilingual speakers: a case study comparing Québécois in Montréal and Texas Spanish in San Antonio." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/515.
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Eryasa, Joell. "Relations entre le langage des enfants de quatre ans et la qualité éducative des centres de la petite enfance." Mémoire, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5763/1/M12866.pdf.
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La présente étude évalue le niveau de qualité éducative de centres de la petite enfance (CPE) à l'aide d'un outil d'observation québécois et d'une sous-échelle de celui-ci créée pour mesurer le soutien langagier offert aux enfants. La sous-échelle créée implique uniquement les énoncés associés au soutien langagier selon leur validité théorique et constitue la contribution principale de l'étude. Cette recherche utilise un devis corrélationnel avec un échantillonnage non probabiliste. Les participants sont 140 enfants de quatre ans (78 filles, 62 garçons) répartis dans 85 CPE de Montréal. Le langage est mesuré à l'aide de l'Échelle d'intelligence Wechsler (WPPSI-III, Wechsler, 2004) et du questionnaire Habiletés socio-conversationnelles de l'enfant (Dubé, 1997). Le niveau de scolarité de la mère est utilisé comme variable de contrôle de l'influence familiale. La qualité éducative est évaluée à l'aide de l'Échelle d'observation de la qualité éducative (ÉOQÉ, Bourgon et Lavallée, 2004) remplie lors d'une visite d'observation au CPE. Des analyses de régressions hiérarchiques sont effectuées pour évaluer la force des associations entre la qualité éducative du soutien langagier et le langage des enfants. Les résultats de ces analyses indiquent que seule la dimension des interactions éducatrice-enfant ressort comme étant associée, modestement, aux mesures de langage des enfants. Le niveau de scolarité de la mère est la variable qui explique le mieux la variance du QI verbal (WPPSI-III, Wechsler, 2004) (17 %) et du score composite de langage (WPPSI-III, Wechsler, 2004) (19 %), alors qu'elle en explique beaucoup moins pour les mesures d' habiletés pragmatiques perçues (Dubé, 1997) (sensibilité envers l'interlocuteur = 7 % et initiative conversationnelle = 7 %). Ces résultats laissent à penser que l'on doit modifier les outils d'observation de la qualité des CPE afin de déceler des associations plus fortes entre ces mesures et le langage de l'enfant. En effet, la qualité éducative globale est une mesure plus générale qui ne semble pas permettre d'obtenir des coefficients de corrélations élevés. Comme ces mesures ne sont pas conçues pour évaluer l'adéquation du milieu à soutenir spécifiquement le développement du langage des enfants, il demeure difficile de déterminer la part d'influence réelle de la qualité des CPE sur cette variable.
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MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : service de garde, qualité éducative, dimensions de la qualité éducative, langage, habiletés pragmatiques perçues
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Murrugarra, Cerna Juan Carlos. "L’impact du loisir sur l’intégration sociale des minorités ethniques à Montréal : le cas des nouveaux arrivants originaires du Pérou." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4918.
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L’immigration au Québec se caractérise depuis quelques années par une nouvelle dynamique. La présence d’immigrants socialement perçus comme « minorités ethniques », ou plus précisément comme « minorités visibles », est de plus en plus évidente, surtout dans des contextes urbains où la diversité ethnique est une donnée palpable au quotidien. Dans ce mémoire nous proposons de travailler sur l’impact du loisir défini comme un ensemble de pratiques culturelles, c'est-à-dire des pratiques de loisir enracinées dans l’habitus, à l’appui de l’analyse du processus d’intégration sociale d’un groupe d’immigrants péruviens nouvellement arrivés à Montréal.
Cette enquête cherche à explorer le rapport entre loisir et intégration, à partir d’un cadre théorique qui nous permet d’aborder le loisir comme un domaine particulièrement fécond sur le plan de la participation à la société d’accueil. Pour ce faire, nous avons privilégié une approche qualitative qui nous a aidé à « reconstruire » la trajectoire d’intégration de cinq nouveaux arrivants péruviens installés à Montréal depuis cinq ans ou moins.
L’analyse des données révèle que le processus d’intégration de ces migrants est difficile, en raison des épreuves de l’adaptation (l’acculturation) à la société hôte, et que les activités liées aux loisirs ont un impact positif sur ledit processus, en partie parce qu’elles jouent un rôle stratégique qui favorise l’adaptation et la participation. Ces activités illustrent aussi les modalités d’une incorporation dans certains domaines de la vie sociale (l’emploi, la vie culturelle, la socialisation amicale) qui permet de ne pas rompre totalement les liens avec la communauté d’origine.
Au quotidien, les loisirs permettent un rapprochement avec le groupe majoritaire et, plus largement, avec les autres groupes présents à Montréal : des liens d’amitié se développent, des pratiques de sociabilité se déploient, la consommation de certains biens et services est stimulée, l’individu fait de nouvelles connaissances, etc.
Le lien entre communalisation ethnique et intégration permet alors de traverser différents espaces et groupes. Le plaisir reste par ailleurs le moteur des loisirs, c'est-à-dire que les activités choisies par les individus correspondent à leurs goûts, leurs intérêts, et que le loisir, en général, va de pair avec le plaisir. Ce lien favorise le déploiement de « réponses » spécifiques par nos interlocuteurs face aux problèmes d’adaptation, et la confirmation d’une sorte de sentiment d’intégration chez eux.Immigration in Quebec has recently experienced a new trend. In fact, the arrival of immigrants socially perceived as "ethnic minorities", or more specifically as "visible minorities", has become increasingly evident, especially in the urban context where ethnic diversity is palpable every day. In this master’s thesis, we focus on the impact of leisure defined as a set of cultural practices, that is to say leisure practices embedded in the “habitus,” to support the analysis of the social integration of a group of Peruvian immigrants recently arrived in Montréal. This investigation seeks to explore the relationship between leisure and integration. Utilizing a theoretical framework allowed us to approach leisure, as a field that encourages participation in the host society. To achieve this goal, we used a qualitative approach in order to "rebuild" the integration trajectory of five Peruvian newcomers who had settled in Montréal for five years or less. The data analysis reveals that the integration process of these immigrants is difficult, since this process presents challenges of adaptation (acculturation) to the host society, and leisure activities have a positive impact on that process in part because they play a strategic role that promotes adaptation and participation. These activities also illustrate the modes of incorporation into some areas of social life (employment, cultural life, friendship and socialization), which does not completely break the ties to the community of origin. In daily practice, leisure promotes the rapprochement with the majority group and more generally, with the other ethnic groups living in Montréal: the friendship develops, the practices of sociability are deployed, the consumption of some goods and services is stimulated, and the individual meet more people, etc. The connection between ethnic communalization and integration can allow the individual to enter different areas and groups. Moreover, pleasure is the engine of leisure, so this means that leisure activities chosen by these individuals match their personal tastes and interests. This link facilitates the deployment of specific “responses” by these newcomers (coping responses), in order to face their problems of adaptation, and the confirmation of a sort of integration feeling among them.
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Shahsavar, Zadeh Elham. "Devenir minorité : une monographie des institutions de la communauté chiite iranienne de Montréal." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21345.
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Lunkebein, Caroline. "Communication et formation interculturelle d'intervenants sociaux au Québec : étude de cas dans un CLSC." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3274/1/M9736.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Ce travail représente une étude de cas dans le domaine de la communication interculturelle dans le contexte de l'immigration au Canada. Il s'agit d'une étude communicationnelle sur une formation interculturelle qui est proposée aux employés du « Centre local de services communautaire » (CLSC) du quartier Côtes-des-Neiges à Montréal. Ce quartier regroupe une forte population immigrante de Montréal. Par conséquent, la formation est à priori conçue pour les professionnels d'intervention sociale du CLSC qui jouent un rôle d'interface entre immigrants et la population d'accueil au niveau de la ville en tant que témoin et acteur. L'étude vise à définir l'approche de formation utilisée quant aux conceptions des relations interculturelles dans les contenus (les concepts traités) et les méthodes d'enseignement à travers la formation. Concrètement, il s'agit de déterminer si la vision des relations interculturelles qui est communiquée lors de la formation correspond à la vision ou l'idéologie des relations interculturelles du multiculturalisme canadien. La première partie de cette étude évoque la problématique, le cadre théorique ainsi que l'hypothèse de travail. Pour expliciter la problématique et la situation dans laquelle le cas examiné s'insère, le contexte social du cas est exposé : l'immigration au Canada, à Montréal et au quartier Côtes-des-Neiges. Ensuite la formation interculturelle est présentée en tant que mesure avancée pour préparer des participants à la situation de coprésence de différentes ethnies au niveau urbain. Le cadre théorique retenu repose sur le domaine de la communication interculturelle (la culture, la communication, l'interculturalité, l'interaction). Concrètement il est tenu recours à des modèles interactionnistes sur les relations interculturelles. D'après l'hypothèse de la recherche, il est supposé que la fornation interculturelle, qui est enseignée à partir d'une organisation publique, un CLSC, dans le contexte sociopolitique du mulliculturalisme canadien devrait s'insérer dans la logique intégrative du multiculturalisme canadien par ses contenus et ses objectifs. La deuxième partie de cette étude porte sur l'analyse des données relevées sur la conception, la mise en oeuvre et les effets « bénéfiques » de la formation interculturelle au CLSC de Côtes-des-Neiges qui vise à
vérifier l'hypothèse. Les données ont été recueillies par les méthodes d'entrevues semi-dirigées, par l'observation d'une formation et par une enquête par questionnaire. L'analyse globale vise à faire sortir les approches et les visions sous-jacentes touchant l'approche interculturelle à l'aide des modèles interactionnistes qui servent comme grille d'analyse.
Principaux Résultats de l'analyse: les résultats globaux de l'analyse du cas montrent que la formation repose sur une version intégrative, semblable à la notion habituelle du multiculturalisme au Canada. Mais dans certains contenus, elle se rapproche de la vision proposée au Québec, plus assimilatrice. Il faut ajouter que les résultats ne peuvent pas être transposé à d'autres formations, comme il s'agit d'une étude d'un cas. La troisième et dernière partie de ce travail permettra de prendre distance avec les concepts et les modèles utilisés et de jeter un oeil critique sur les notions de l'intégration et du multiculturalisme canadien ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Formation interculturelle, Relations interculturelles, Étude de cas, Travail social, Multiculturalisme.
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Prévost, Jessica. "L'action communautaire et les pratiques interculturelles : le cas de PROMIS." Mémoire, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4711/1/M9987.pdf.
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L'objectif général de ce mémoire en communication est d'étudier les pratiques interculturelles et communautaires d'un organisme œuvrant à l'accueil et à l'intégration des immigrants et des réfugiés : PROMIS. Ce projet s'insère aussi dans une étude plus vaste au niveau du quartier Côte-des-Neiges. Effectivement, une équipe de chercheurs, a finalisé en décembre 2006 un document s'intitulant : « Bilan de l'action communautaire dans le quartier Côte-des-Neiges (1975-2005) : vers un type de pratique porteur d'avenir? ». C'est sous la forme d'une étude de cas monographique que nous explorons certaines facettes de PROMIS. Pour ce faire, nous traçons un portrait général de différents domaines ayant trait à notre sujet d'étude : l'immigration au Québec, le quartier Côte-des-Neiges, le secteur communautaire et l'action communautaire. Puis, dans le cadre conceptuel, nous abordons les thèmes de l'intervention communautaire, les pratiques interculturelles, le processus d'attribution, les idéologies d'insertion ainsi que les mécanismes d'inclusion et d'exclusion des immigrants. S'inscrivant dans les recherches qualitatives, cette étude de cas monographique requiert différentes méthodes de cueillette de données. La méthode utilisée pour effectuer les entrevues collectives et individuelles est le récit de vie. Nous avons également eu recours à la cueillette d'informations documentaires et l'observation directe. Les résultats de recherche obtenus ont été rédigés sous la forme d'une analyse thématique. Reprenant l'ensemble des sujets abordés dans les récits collectifs et individuels, cette analyse présente tant les caractéristiques de l'organisme PROMIS que la conception qu'ont les intervenants de leurs pratiques interculturelles et communautaires. À partir des réalités constatées dans la présentation des résultats, donc dans l'analyse thématique, nous en sommes venus à quelques conclusions. La première conclusion est le corollaire entre la diversité culturelle des intervenants et la pluralité dans l'identification de l'autre. Puis, nous avons remarqué la présence de deux des neuf modèles proposés par Roy (1991) : le modèle basé sur les rapports sociaux d'insertion (Bertot et Jacob, 1991) et le modèle de l'approche interculturelle (Chiasson-Lavoie et al. 1992). La présence de deux modèles aussi éloignés en terme de fondement interculturel démontre bien, selon nous, la complexité réelle de la pratique interculturelle.
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MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Action communautaire, Organisme communautaire, Pratiques interculturelles, Immigration, Intégration.
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Massana, Macià Marta. "« L’agir institutionnel » en matière d’immigration et de relations interculturelles à la Ville de Montréal : une approche ethnographique." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21689.
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Vaynman, Irina. "Expérience migratoire antérieure et déqualification : étude de cas portant sur des immigrants russophones à Montréal." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9092.
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Malgré la politique d’ouverture à l’immigration, à la diversité et au multiculturalisme du Québec, les immigrants récents rencontrent de nombreuses barrières sur le marché du travail. Selon la vision néo-classique, le capital humain détermine l’intégration des immigrants et leur degré de déqualification. Bien que l’origine puisse influencer les caractéristiques professionnelles et personnelles des immigrants qualifiés, certains d’entre eux peuvent être de même origine mais avoir des caractéristiques différentes. L’expérience migratoire, définie comme le fait pour un individu d’avoir émigré une 1ère fois de son pays d’origine vers un pays étranger, avant d’émigrer de nouveau de ce pays vers un 3ème, pourrait modifier ces caractéristiques du capital humain et qui influence l’intégration des immigrants ainsi que leur degré de déqualification. Arrivés d’un pays très diversifié, étant instruits, et allophones, les immigrants d’ex-URSS se constituent un groupe représentatif pour cette étude. De surcroît, certains immigrants de ce groupe possèdent une expérience migratoire.
Cette recherche a pour but d’examiner le rôle de l’expérience migratoire antérieure dans l’intégration des immigrants russophones sur le marché du travail québécois et de voir son impact sur la présence et le degré de déqualification. L’approche qualitative adoptée pour ce travail permet d’observer pleinement les opinions des immigrants quant à leur intégration professionnelle et d’examiner l’effet de l’expérience migratoire.
Nous avons découvert que l’expérience migratoire peut modifier la situation des immigrants sur le marché du travail. D’une part, elle leur permet d’acquérir un diplôme et une expérience de pays économiquement développés, ce qui a plus de valeur au Québec que les diplômes et l’expérience de pays d’ex-URSS. En plus, cette expérience permet aux immigrants d’améliorer leurs compétences linguistiques. D’autre part, l’expérience migratoire peut modifier les caractéristiques comportementales, telles que les méthodes de recherche d’emploi ou l’adoption d’un comportement ouvert et flexible qui peut aider à l’intégration. De surcroît, l’amélioration des caractéristiques professionnelles et personnelles par une expérience migratoire peut avoir un effet de compensation qui diminue l’effet de la stratégie familiale sur la présence et le degré de déqualification. En somme, nous pouvons conclure que l’expérience migratoire antérieure a un effet sur l’intégration des immigrants russophones sur le marché du travail québécois, et particulièrement, sur la présence et le degré de déqualification.Despite the policy of open immigration, diversity and multiculturalism in Quebec, recent immigrants face many barriers in the labor market. According to the neo-classical view, human capital has an influence on the integration of immigrants and their degree of deskilling. While origin can influence the professional and personal characteristics of skilled immigrants, some of them might be of the same origin, yet possess different characteristics. The anterior migratory experience is defined as the act for someone, to migrate for the first time from their country of origin to another country, prior to migrate again from this country to a third one. That allows to the immigrants to alter characteristics of human capital, which then influence the integration of immigrants and their degree of deskilling. Being from a very diverse country, being educated, and being allophones, immigrants from the former USSR are a good representative group for this study. In addition, some immigrants in this group have previous migratory experience. This research aims to examine the role of previous migratory experience in the integration of Russian-speaking immigrants in the Quebec labor market, and to evaluate its impact on the presence and level of deskilling. The qualitative method adopted for the work allows for clear observation of the immigrants’ opinions relative to their professional integration, and an evaluation of the effect of the migratory experience. We have found that migratory experience can change an immigrant’s situation in the labor market. On the one hand, it allows them to get a degree and experience from an economically developed country, which holds more value in Quebec than qualifications and experience gained in countries of the former USSR. In addition, it allows them the opportunity to improve their language skills. On the other hand, migratory experience can shape behavioral characteristics, such as job search methods or the adoption of open and flexible behaviors which could help with integration. The improved professional and personal characteristics derived through migratory experience can also have a compensating effect which reduces the impact of family strategy on the presence and level of deskilling. In the end, we can conclude that previous migratory experience does have an impact on the integration of Russian-speaking immigrants in the Quebec labor market and, in particular, on the presence and level of deskilling.