Relevant bibliographies by topics / Moral and ethical aspects of Disaster medicine

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Moral and ethical aspects of Disaster medicine'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Moral and ethical aspects of Disaster medicine"

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Kipor, G. V., N. K. Pichugina, and S. F. Goncharov. "(P1-109) Humanism in Disaster Medicine." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (2011): s134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11004419.

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The main trends in the development of the ideology of humanism in disaster medicine can be formulated in the following theses: 1. Responsibility of governmental bodies for providing medical safety of a human being in emergencies; 2. Responsibility of public health in the society; 3. Main tasks in nuclear threats connected as applied to disaster medicine are the responsibility of United Nations; 4. History of humanitarian medicine and the development of the World Health Organization's activities in providing medical humanitarian assistance; 5. Ethics of modern physical investigations in the light of development of nuclear and thermonuclear hazards; 6. Roles and trends of humanitarian medicine in modern society; 7. Philosophical and humanitarian approaches and ethics in the modern scientific investigations in the whole; 8. Ethics in modern medicine, biology, and disaster medicine; 9. Rights of victims to receive humanitarian medical assistance in local military conflicts; and 10. Threat of acts of terrorism with the use of chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear agents and technologies; The paradox of the modern age is that the “principal basis and aim of disaster medicine are humanitarian by their primordial nature”, but the reduction of common human values can lead to a global disaster. On the other hand, emergencies should lead mankind to unity, to the deep understanding of biosocial aspects of survival when the best qualities of human nature are revealed. International disaster medicine problems should be considered as tools for providing an optimal basis for the development of human relations. The development of humanitarian and disaster medicine should be realized with consideration of deep-laid moral positions, on the basis of ethic principles and high moral values, among which, the primordial values are individual existence of everybody and survival of mankind as a species.
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Miller, Brandi Simpson. "The Moral and Ethical Aspects of Gold Coast Foodways." Gastronomica 19, no. 1 (2019): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2019.19.1.111.

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Miller, Franklin G. "Research Ethics and Misguided Moral Intuition." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 32, no. 1 (2004): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2004.tb00455.x.

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The term therapeutic misconception was coined by Paul Appelbaum and his colleagues to describe the tendency of patients enrolled in clinical trials to confuse research participation with the personal clinical attention characteristic of medical care. It has not been recognized that an analogous therapeutic misconception pervades ethical thinking about clinical research with patient-subjects. Investigators and bioethicists often judge the ethics of clinical research based on ethical standards appropriate to the physician-patient relationship in therapeutic medicine. This ethical approach to clinical research constitutes a misconception because it fails to appreciate the ethically significant differences between clinical research and clinical care.In this article I argue that the assumption that the ethical principles governing the practice of therapeutic medicine should also apply to clinical research with patient- subjects produces incoherence in research ethics and erroneous guidance concerning certain controversial research designs.
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Ohnishi, Kayoko, Kazuyo Kitaoka, Jun Nakahara, Maritta Välimäki, Raija Kontio, and Minna Anttila. "Impact of moral sensitivity on moral distress among psychiatric nurses." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 5 (2018): 1473–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733017751264.

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Background: Moral distress occurs when one knows the right thing to do, but institutional constraints make it nearly impossible to pursue the right course of action. Moral distress was found to cause negative feelings, burnout, and/or resignation. Not only external factors such as lack of staff but also internal ones affect moral distress. Moral sensitivity, which is thought of as an advantage of nurses, could effect moral distress, as nurses being unaware of existing ethical problems must feel little distress. Objectives: To examine the impact of moral sensitivity on moral distress among psychiatric nurses, and affirm the hypothesis that nurses with higher moral sensitivity will suffer moral distress more than nurses with less moral sensitivity in two different samples. Ethical consideration: The study obtained ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine at Mie University (# 1111, 20.4.2010), and by the Turku University Ethics Board (29.5.2012). Permissions to undertake the study was obtained from the in two hospital districts and in one city (§ 48/4.10.2012, § 63/4.9.2012, 51/2012 27.8.2012). Informed consent was not formally obtained, because the questionnaire was anonymously reported by the participants who volunteered to answer. The participants responded voluntarily and anonymously. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire containing the Revised Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire and the Moral Distress Scale for Psychiatric nurses was conducted to 997 nurses in 12 hospitals in Japan, and 974 nurses in 10 hospitals in Finland after obtaining of approval by research ethics committees. Data were analyzed using a multi-group structural equation model analysis. Findings: A set of analyses imply that the association of moral sensitivity with moral distress is significant and similar between Japan and Finland, whereas the factor structures of moral sensitivity and moral distress may be partially different. Discussion: The result of this study may indicate that nurses with high moral sensitivity can sense and identify moral problems, but not resolve them. Therefore, supporting nurses to solve ethical problems, not benumbing them, can be important for better nursing care and prevention of nurses’ resignation. Conclusion: Moral sensitivity and moral distress were positively correlated among psychiatric nurses in both Japan and Finland, although the participating nurses from the two countries were different in qualification, age, and cultural background. Nurses with high moral sensitivity suffer from moral distress.
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Vymetal, S., and M. Kvasnickova. "(P1-98) Psychological Aspects of the Disaster Victim Identification (DVI)." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (2011): s130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11004304.

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The process of identification of disaster and mass casualties' victims (Disaster Victim Identification - DVI) impose requirements on the interdisciplinary cooperation of experts in many professions. When working with survivors and witnesses, it is necessary to maintain general ethical principles and follow the guidelines of optimal crisis communication with the affected people. The important thing is not to cause further secondary trauma. It is therefore necessary to understand the normal reactions of the human psyche in extreme stress and psychosocial needs of the people in stressful situations. Also members of DVI teams deserve adequate psychosocial support during and after the completion of difficult tasks. It is likely that these workers are psychologically resistant to extreme stress comparing to the general population but they are also increasingly exposed. To maintain work performance and life satisfaction is the possibility to use a specific psychological support very important. Keywords: acute stress reaction (ASR), DVI teams, disaster victim identification, crisis communication, survivors, crisis and disaster psychology, psychosocial crisis management, psychosocial care, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
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Agathangelou, Charalambos. "Book Review: Moral matters: ethical issues in medicine and the life sciences." Nursing Ethics 5, no. 3 (1998): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309800500312.

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Koplin, Julian J., and Julian Savulescu. "Moral Limits of Brain Organoid Research." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 47, no. 4 (2019): 760–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110519897789.

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Brain organoid research raises ethical challenges not seen in other forms of stem cell research. Given that brain organoids partially recapitulate the development of the human brain, it is plausible that brain organoids could one day attain consciousness and perhaps even higher cognitive abilities. Brain organoid research therefore raises difficult questions about these organoids' moral status – questions that currently fall outside the scope of existing regulations and guidelines. This paper shows how these gaps can be addressed. We outline a moral framework for brain organoid research that can address the relevant ethical concerns without unduly impeding this important area of research.
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Poling, James. "An Ethical Framework for Pastoral Care." Journal of Pastoral Care 42, no. 4 (1988): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002234098804200403.

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Defines the ethics of pastoral care as the project which relates suffering and power. Examines a biblical story (2 Samual 13) which demonstrates the relation of suffering and power. Claims that the most sinister aspects of social injustice is the devaluation of certain persons and their suffering and the denial of moral and religious obligations toward such persons. Urges pastoral care practitioners to be self-critical regarding the use of power in relation to suffering else they become the pawns of an unjust society and its mistreatment of persons.
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Perry, Joshua E., Ilene N. Moore, Bruce Barry, Ellen Wright Clayton, and Amanda R. Carrico. "The Ethical Health Lawyer: An Empirical Assessment of Moral Decision Making." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 37, no. 3 (2009): 461–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2009.00407.x.

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The empirical literature exploring lawyers and their moral decision making is limited despite the “crisis” of unethical and unprofessional behavior in the bar that has been well documented for over a decade. In particular we are unaware of any empirical studies that investigate the moral landscape of the health lawyer’s practice. In an effort to address this gap in the literature, an interdisciplinary team of researchers at Vanderbilt University designed an empirical study to gather preliminary evidence regarding the moral reasoning of health care attorneys. The primary research question was how health lawyers respond when they encounter ethical or moral dilemmas in their practice for which the law fails to offer a bright-line solution. In exploring this question, we sought to understand better what motivations or influences guide action when health lawyers confront ethical quandaries, and whether there are specific differences, e.g., gender, experience, or religiosity, that are associated with specific responses to situations testing ethical or moral boundaries.
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Sagikyzy, Ayazhan, Dinara Zhanabayeva, and Маira Shurshitbay. "Formation of the Ideal of Moral and Ethical Education in the Kazakh Worldview." Al-Farabi 74, no. 2 (2021): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.48010/2021.2/1999-5911.06.

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The article provides a philosophical analysis of the formation of the problem of moral education in the worldview of the Kazakh people. The ideal of moral education of the individual is the most important problem in the context of the reform of society, the modernization of public consciousness. The ideal is the core of the moral world of man, the criterion for re-evaluating the stereotypes of consciousness. The formation of the ideal of moral education has worried Kazakh thinkers and philosophers since ancient times. The theoretical issues of the formation of ideals were reflected in the works of Abu Nasr al-Farabi, Yusuf Balasaguni, Mahmud Kashgari, where they managed to reveal the essence of the ideal, morality and spirituality. Various aspects of this problem were considered by Ybyray Altynsarin, Shokan Ualikhanov and Abai Kunanbayev, who attached great importance to education in terms of moral development of the individual, and in particular, his ideals. The specific features of the idels of moral education found their development in the philosophy of Shakarim, M. Zh. Kopeev, Magzhan Zhumabaev, which consisted in studying themselves, their inner world. Traditional Kazakh culture, concentrating the centuries-old collective moral experience based on the purity of conscience, honor and duty, integrity of the spirit, enriches the modern Kazakh culture, the life experience of modern people in terms of moral criteria and norms of behavior.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Moral and ethical aspects of Disaster medicine"

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Bigney, Mark W. "Neither mechanic nor high priest : moral suasion and the physician-patient relationship." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99576.

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The most ordinary man or woman has means of knowledge concerning his own feelings and circumstances that immeasurably surpass those that anyone else can have.-John Stuart Mill, On Liberty
One feature that varies within competing conceptions of medical shared decision-making is how a patient's values are to be engaged by a physician. One detail that can be overlooked under "shared" decision-making is whether or not a physician ought (or be allowed) to attempt to persuade the patient to adopt particular health-related values. Some argue that it is incumbent on a physician to share her privileged understanding of medicine so as to help her patient embrace "better" values. This thesis argues that it is dangerous to patient autonomy for a physician to exert moral suasion on her patient to attempt to influence or change those values; the danger lies in the power imbalance between patients and physicians that seems inherent in medical encounters, and is exacerbated by the sick role. Thus, while a physician ought to help her patient articulate his health-related values, she ought not try to change them.
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Champon, Benoit. "How to regulate embryo research? : a procedural approach." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80913.

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Over the past few years, embryo research has been a widely discussed topic. New techniques such as embryo stem cell research or therapeutic cloning are considered by scientists to be very promising. Nevertheless, opponents of these experimentations warn against the commodification of human life forms and argue that the moral status of embryos should protect them from being destroyed purely for research.
Legislations on this topic have been enacted in most Western countries, though they are still much criticised. Is there an adequate way of regulating embryo research? Our argument suggests that consensus can only be procedurally obtained. That is, we believe that only legislative assemblies should have authority to take a position on this controversial topic, which is subject to moral disagreement, and as such, judges should only have a minor role.
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Knoesen, Brent Claud. "Influence of pharmaceutical advertising on consumers: an exploratory descriptive study." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/658.

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Pharmaceutical advertising involves the advertising of medicines, medical devices, and healthcare services. A review of available international literature indicates the belief that pharmaceutical advertisements negatively affect healthcare decisions made by consumers. Very little research has been conducted to determine how consumers in South Africa (SA) are affected by pharmaceutical advertisements. This study aimed to determine how consumers in the Nelson Mandela Metropole (NMM) perceive pharmaceutical advertisements. More specific objectives included the investigation of legislation in SA employed in pharmaceutical advertisements, the interpretation and misinterpretation of the advertisements, and the identification of problematic areas in this form of advertising. South African legislation applied to pharmaceutical advertisements was investigated by means of a literature review. A qualitative research design was also used to achieve the aim and objectives. This included a focus group consisting of six randomly selected participants in the NMM. A consumer survey, consisting of a 100 consumers obtained from 10 randomly selected community pharmacies within the NMM, supported the findings of the qualitative techniques. The themes identified in the focus group were incorporated into a questionnaire used in the consumer survey. Three randomly selected pharmaceutical advertisements were also decoded to interpret the components employed in each. The results determined that pharmaceutical advertising is a marketing tool that incorporates various emotional and psychological techniques to persuade consumers. It was also evident that consumers can misinterpret pharmaceutical advertisements. Various legal and ethical problems were identified in pharmaceutical advertisements. These results showed that pharmaceutical advertisements have the possibility of negatively affecting consumers’ healthcare decisions and warrants further investigation.
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Keyserlingk, Edward W. "Treating seriously disabled newborn children : the role of bioethics in formulating decision-making policies in interaction with law and medicine." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72022.

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The goal of this work is to explore the role of theological bioethics in influencing the formulation of existing or proposed policies dealing with treatment decisions for seriously disabled newborns in our pluralist society. Part I of the paper attempts to determine as precisely as possible what bioethics is, particularly Judeo-Christian bioethics. After comparing the latter to the Hippocratic tradition and to secular bioethics, the distinctive characteristics and potential contribution of theological bioethics are identified. The policies then examined in Part II are: medical policies formulated by physicians, bioethical policies proposed by bioethicists and legal policies enunciated by court decisions and legal writers. In each case they are evaluated in the light of a number of specific ethical tests proposed as central to Judeo-Christian bioethics. The paper concludes that Judeo-Christian bioethics has not been particularly influential in our pluralist society. A final section proposes a model treatment policy.
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Warrick, Rebecca Whitt. "Universal codes of ethics for medical research on human subjects : insights from the community orientation of the Zulu and Kikuyu." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81520.

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Numerous ethical guidelines are referred to when medical research is conducted on human participants. These guidelines include the Nuremberg Code, the Declaration of Helsinki, and the International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects. From a Western viewpoint, these guidelines may seem like well-reasoned, universally applicable codes for conducting medical research on human subjects. Some of the guidelines, however, merely impose Western values on developing countries without giving adequate consideration to their worldviews. I explore the applicability of current codes and guidelines of ethics on medical research with human subjects to the Zulu of South Africa and the Kikuyu of Kenya. Through a study of African traditional religions and philosophy and the community mindset that flows out of them, I have gained insight into the limitations of current universal codes when applied to traditional Kikuyu and Zulu communities.
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Goldstein, Daniel M. (Daniel Michael). "Medicine as practical wisdom : an old foundation for a new way of thinking in biomedical ethics." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22372.

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This inquiry suggests a new epistemological foundation for understanding and discernment in biomedical ethics. This foundation, based on Aristotle's phronesis or practical wisdom, contains elements of the lived human experience which are seen as essential aspects of ethical, as well as medical, deliberation. The Aristotelian intellectual virtues of theoria and phronesis, used as "ideal types" of rationality, provide epistemological prejudices that structure two distinct ways of thinking. With this distinction, an alternative to certain dominant trends within biomedical ethics arises as phronesis provides more human centered prejudices for understanding. In conclusion, we shall see, using the doctrine of informed consent, that a phronetic rationality allows different, more humane meanings to come into being. Phronesis, it will be argued, provides a mode of rationality which promotes compassion and engagement in both ethics and medicine and consequently, is the more appropriate way of thinking in these important human practices.
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McBean, Mary Eunice. "Ethical curriculum development and teaching." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2360.

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The purpose of this project is to develop a curriculum, which will examine the ethical methods or practices used by nurses in resolving ethical dilemmas in clinical practice utilizing the Moral Decision-Making Model for staff nurses at St.Bernardine Medical Center, Five Tower North.
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周滿英 and Mun-ying Chow. "Compliance with ethics committee operational guidelines in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31970473.

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Audrain, Susan Connor. "Ethics in Technical Communication: Historical Context for the Human Radiation Experiments." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4820/.

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To illustrate the intersection of ethical language and ethical frameworks within technical communication, this dissertation analyzes the history and documentation of the human radiation experiments of the 1940s through the 1970s. Research propositions included clarifying the link between medical documentation and technical communication by reviewing the literature that links the two disciplines from the ancient period to the present; establishing an appropriate historiography for the human radiation experiments by providing a context of the military, political, medical, and rhetorical milieu of the 1940s to the 1970s; closely examining and analyzing actual human radiation experiment documentation, including proposals, letters, memos, and consent forms, looking for established rhetorical constructions that indicate a document adheres to or diverts from specific ethical frameworks; and suggesting the importance of the human radiation documents for studying ethics in technical communication. Close rhetorical analysis of the documents included with this project reveals consistent patterns of metadiscourse, passive and nominal writing styles, and other rhetorical constructions, including negative language, redundancies, hedges, and intensifiers, that could lead a reader to misunderstand the writer's original ethical purpose. Ultimately this project finds that technical communicators cannot classify language itself as ethical or unethical; the language is simply the framework with which the experimenters construct their arguments and communicate their work. Technical communicators can, however, consider the ethical nature of behavior according to specific ethical frameworks and determine whether language contributes to the behavior.
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Loff, Beatrice. "Health and human rights : case studies in the potential contribution of a human rights framework to the analysis of health questions." Monash University, Dept. of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5291.

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Books on the topic "Moral and ethical aspects of Disaster medicine"

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Biomedical ethics: Catastrophic events and terror. Lexington Books, 2009.

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Ethics for disaster. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2009.

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Perlin, Terry M., Colin R. Macpherson, and Ronald E. Domen. Ethical issues in transfusion medicine. AABB Press, 2000.

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John, Douard, ed. Ethical practice in clinical medicine. Routledge, 1990.

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Ellos, William J. Ethical practice in clinical medicine. Routledge, 1991.

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Health: Ethical debates in modern medicine. Smart Apple Media, 2009.

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Doing the right thing: Relief agencies, moral dilemmas, and moral responsibility in political emergencies and war. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 1997.

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Preventive medicine between obligation and aspiration. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.

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Stone, Julie. An ethical framework for complementary and alternative therapists. Routledge, 2002.

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Spyros, Doxiadis, NATO Science Council, and North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division., eds. Ethical issues in preventive medicine. Nijhoff, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Moral and ethical aspects of Disaster medicine"

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Montalto, Andrea, and Francesco Musumeci. "Innovation and Research in Cardiac Surgery: Bioethical Aspects." In Bioethics in Medicine and Society. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94160.

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Significant advancements have been made in Cardiac surgery during the last decades, thanks to technological evolution. The enormous progress achieved has led to a relevant improvement in terms of surgical results, and at the same time, new ethical dilemmas have been addressed. Until the 90’s ethics in cardiac surgery mainly concerned significant moral problems caused by the introduction of extremely innovative techniques. However, today’s ethical issue focuses essentially on the doctor-patient relationship, other aspects of doctor’s practice concern relevant ethical perspectives. Ethics affects today the activity of the surgeon and the doctor in general. It is possible to distinguish clinical ethics, an ethics of health policies, and scientific research ethics. In the following chapter, we try to analyze the main ethical aspects concerning the application of cardiac surgical procedures.
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Parker, Mike, Mehrunisha Suleman, and Tony Hope. "Medical ethics." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by John D. Firth, Christopher P. Conlon, and Timothy M. Cox. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0005.

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Medicine is both a scientific and a moral enterprise. It is as important to give reasons for the ethical aspects of clinical decisions as it is for the scientific aspects. The corollary of evidence-based medicine is reason-based ethics. Two concepts central to many ethical aspects of clinical practice are autonomy and best interests. Evidence-based medicine emphasizes the importance of critical assessment: interventions should be evaluated on the basis of evidence, not tradition. Critical skills are therefore crucial to modern scientific medicine. Importantly, medicine is a moral enterprise as well as a scientific one. Many clinical decisions involve a combination of factual and ethical aspects. It is as important to be able to give good reasons for the ethical aspects of clinical decisions as it is for the science. Society increasingly expects this from doctors as part of transparent decision-making.
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Hope, Tony. "Medical ethics." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.0202.

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Medicine is a moral enterprise as well as a scientific one. It is as important to give reasons for the ethical aspects as it is for the scientific aspects of a decision. The corollary of evidence-based medicine is reason-based ethics. Two concepts central to many ethical aspects of clinical practice are autonomy and best interests....
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