Academic literature on the topic 'Moral and ethical aspects of Social planning'
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Journal articles on the topic "Moral and ethical aspects of Social planning"
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Ejder Apay, Serap, Ayşe Gürol, Elif Yağmur Gür, and Sarah Church. "Midwifery students’ reactions to ethical dilemmas encountered in outpatient clinics." Nursing Ethics 27, no. 7 (2020): 1542–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733020922875.
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Background: Midwives are required to make ethical decisions with the support of respective codes of professional ethics which provide a framework for decision making in clinical practice. While each midwife should be ethically aware and sensitive to the ever-changing issues within reproduction, few empirical studies have examined the views of student midwives in relation to reproductive ethical dilemmas. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore midwifery students’ reactions to a number of ethical dilemmas relating to women’s experiences of reproductive decision making. Design: A series of focus groups were conducted with midwifery students who were asked to discuss five culturally significant scenarios including issues of knowledge acquisition regarding methods of family planning, removal or insertion of an intrauterine device, and abortion. Setting: A University in Turkey was the setting for this study. Participants: Purposeful sampling was adopted which resulted in five focus groups with a total of 57 midwifery students. Ethical considerations: The study was reviewed and granted formal ethical approval by an ethical committee at the Faculty of Health Science in Atatürk University. The head of the Faculty of Health Science approved the investigation. The participants received both oral and written information about the study and they gave their consent. Results: Five themes were identified from the analysis of the focus group data related to all five scenarios. These themes were ‘the right to information’, ‘choice and protection’, ‘parental rights and welfare of the women’, ‘make a decision’ and ‘women rights and sexual abuse’. Conclusion: This study has shown that while students respected women’s choice, they also expressed great ambivalence in some situations when personal values conflict with dominant societal beliefs and professional ethics. A focus on ethics education to include human rights is suggested as a means to enable students to explore their own social-value judgements, and as a means to limit the possible development of ethical confusion and moral distress.
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TER-AKOPOV, S. G. "DEVELOPMENT OF A CORPORATE TAX PLANNING STRATEGY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE FACTOR OF FAIR PAYMENT OF TAXES." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1, no. 1 (2021): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.01.01.015.
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The article focuses on corporate tax planning in the context of business ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR). The increased public scrutiny of corporate tax planning practices and the moral aspect of taxation points to the need for corporations to apply good tax administration when they claim to be socially responsible. Making ethical decisions in the context of tax planning requires corporations to develop tax codes of conduct and adhere to transparency standards. This article aims to show why and how tax planning can be integrated into CSR.
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de Vries, Kay, Elizabeth Banister, Karen Harrison Dening, and Bertha Ochieng. "Advance care planning for older people: The influence of ethnicity, religiosity, spirituality and health literacy." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 7-8 (2019): 1946–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733019833130.
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In this discussion paper we consider the influence of ethnicity, religiosity, spirituality and health literacy on Advance Care Planning for older people. Older people from cultural and ethnic minorities have low access to palliative or end-of-life care and there is poor uptake of advance care planning by this group across a number of countries where advance care planning is promoted. For many, religiosity, spirituality and health literacy are significant factors that influence how they make end-of-life decisions. Health literacy issues have been identified as one of the main reasons for a communication gaps between physicians and their patients in discussing end-of-life care, where poor health literacy, particularly specific difficulty with written and oral communication often limits their understanding of clinical terms such as diagnoses and prognoses. This then contributes to health inequalities given it impacts on their ability to use their moral agency to make appropriate decisions about end-of-life care and complete their Advance Care Plans. Currently, strategies to promote advance care planning seem to overlook engagement with religious communities. Consequently, policy makers, nurses, medical professions, social workers and even educators continue to shape advance care planning programmes within the context of a medical model. The ethical principle of justice is a useful approach to responding to inequities and to promote older peoples’ ability to enact moral agency in making such decisions.
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Mikulka, Zdeněk, Ivana Nekvapilová, and Jolana Fedorková. "The Moral-Value Orientation—A Prerequisite for Sustainable Development of the Corporate Social Responsibility of a Security Organization." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (2020): 5718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145718.
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The article focuses on the social aspects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the Czech Armed Forces (CAF) and, more specifically, on professional ethics as a prerequisite for the sustainable development of the security organization. The text presents the results of research conducted on a sample of 278 members of the CAF. This research was based on Schwartz’s holistic concept. To determine value orientation, a reduced version with 21 entries of the Schwartz’s Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ) was used. Our data indicate that value orientation changes depending on military rank, depends, to a certain degree, on trait conformity (including obedience, respect for authorities, politeness, and self-control), and increases in the presence of lower-ranking individuals. Based on these findings the authors recommend to continue monitoring the value profiles of CAF members at various stages in their careers, to determine the optimal range of self-identification with a certain military rank and position, and to provide rank and position-specific educational programs into military ethics and ethical leadership aimed at sustainable development of moral-values.
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Hayat Bhatti, Misbah, Umair Akram, Muhammad Hasnat Bhatti, Hassan Rasool, and Xin Su. "Unraveling the Effects of Ethical Leadership on Knowledge Sharing: The Mediating Roles of Subjective Well-Being and Social Media in the Hotel Industry." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (2020): 8333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208333.
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Given the pivotal function of ethical leadership (EL) in the hospitality industry, this study explains how moral guidance can help to reduce mental stress. The modern complex and hectic working style of organizations demands ethical conduct, in order to sustain the positive behavior of employees for knowledge sharing (KS). For this reason, in this study, we restrict our awareness to the usage of social media (SM) for social identity and aspects of subjective well-being (SWB) for happiness intensity. The time-lag method is applied for data collection from 406 supervisors and subordinates of the hotel industry in Pakistan. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and bootstrapping are utilized to scan the data. The results of the current study demonstrate that ethical leadership provides motivational strength for knowledge sharing amongst employees. Moreover, the serial mediation effects of subjective well-being and social media boost knowledge sharing by the induction of ethical values. Our findings indicate that knowledge sharing is an important product of subjective well-being and social media. Therefore, we recommend that managers focus on ethical leadership values and employee well-being (e.g., life satisfaction), as well as highlight the individuality of employees to promote knowledge sharing. The presented research adds to the literature by establishing a new connection between ethical leadership and knowledge sharing by opening the black box of contextual (i.e., ethical leadership) and developmental (i.e., subjective well-being and social media) factors.
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Shestopalova, Natalia, Antonina Riabchenkova, and Svetlana Vershinina. "Development of a model of including historical and cultural landscapes in the tourist infrastructure." MATEC Web of Conferences 212 (2018): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821204006.
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The article is devoted to the issues of urban development of the coastal territories in the functional, architectural and planning, social and environmental aspects of design using the example of the island of Olkhon. Natural recreational resources are the basis for the development of tourism in the Baikal region, which include unique landscapes, and objects that have the status of natural monuments. The primary development of tourism in the basin of Lake Baikal is envisaged in all government planning and program documents. Historical and cultural heritage of the region, religion and ethno-cultural features of indigenous peoples who have preserved the age-old traditions of nature management represent a special category of resources. Historical and cultural heritage includes socially recognized material and spiritual values preserved by the society for the maintenance of social and ethnic identity and for transmiting them to the next generations. This information potential of the territory, imprinted in phenomena, events, material objects, moral and ethical norms, scientific and philosophical ideas is necessary for the mankind for its future development.
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Rabin, Colette, and Grinell Smith. "Social studies from a care ethics perspective in an elementary classroom." Social Studies Research and Practice 12, no. 3 (2017): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-05-2017-0025.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore social studies from the moral perspective of an ethic of care. Care ethics considers not only the cognitive skills but also the affective dimensions of educative experiences for how they might forward an ethical ideal of caring. Design/methodology/approach This case study was conducted in a second-grade classroom at a small, diverse, urban, independent K-8th grade elementary school. Data were gathered from six sources: notes from the participating second-grade teacher’s planning meetings over the course of a two and a half month unit of instruction about genealogy; lesson plans and observation notes; interviews of participating teachers; interviews with participating students; surveys of students; and the second-grade teacher’s reflective journal. The authors took a phenomenological approach to data analysis, examining the entire data set and conducting inductive interpretive coding to identify emergent themes. Findings The authors found that adopting the theoretical perspective of care ethics helped a novice elementary teacher revise his/her approach to social studies instruction. Care ethics led to the teacher coming to see himself/herself as a teacher of care ethics, focusing on dialogue over stories to teach caring in diverse contexts, and highlighting social aspects of the curriculum. The students’ descriptions of their learning indicate that they perceived a larger purpose for their social studies lessons – in this case, participation in social life – and that this perception contributed to their engagement. Research limitations/implications The study was conducted at one school site where the teachers enjoyed the intellectual freedom to infuse new perspectives such as care ethics into their curriculum. More research needs to be done to explore the feasibility of application of these ideas elsewhere. Practical implications Implications include how adopting an ethic of care provides a larger purpose for social studies that may deepen the educative experience, both for the teacher and for the students. Adopting an ethic of care in social studies might help cultivate students’ inclination to act in more caring ways toward one another. Originality/value This paper addresses the overlooked ethical purposes of teaching social studies from a care ethics perspective.
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Ziogas, Ioannis, and Theodore Metaxas. "Corporate Social Responsibility in South Europe during the Financial Crisis and Its Relation to the Financial Performance of Greek Companies." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (2021): 8055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13148055.
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This paper aims at presenting the notion of corporate social responsibility in Europe by examining its application in Southern European countries, Greece, Italy, Spain and Portugal. These major Mediterranean countries, beside the geographical proximity and common features, were at the center of the financial crisis in Europe in 2009. The aforementioned countries are under evaluation on the one hand as a European region and on the other hand as independent ones. Considering the complexity of CSR, its aspects through time, its diversity depending on the geographical position and the necessity of ethical CSR as part of business activity, this paper presents a new categorization of existing quantitative indicators and a method of evaluation that covers the multidimensional notion of CSR. The new model, which combines quantitative indicators, is used to measure CSR during the period from 2009 until 2016 and reflects companies’ ethical policy, the degree of understanding their moral obligations. The longitudinal comparative analysis is the starting point for further improvement as the countries, except for Portugal, are fluctuating within low levels and the Mediterranean region as a whole in average ones. Furthermore, having estimate CSR index, the examination of the financial performance of Greek companies within the period 2015-2016 confirms the majority of the literature that the adoption of CSR’s good practices, is not only a moral rule, but contributes at least partly, to the development of their effectiveness. As a conclusion, the structure of a commonly acceptable measurement model of the National Social Responsibility and the longitudinal measurement will be a useful tool for all involved institutions, with immediate results to both the society and the companies.
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Osipov, Gennadii V., and Taliya Ya Khabrieva. "Digitalization: Sociology and Law, Concept and Practice of Socialization." Economic Strategies 160, no. 1 (2022): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33917/es-1.181.2022.6-19.
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The article highlights the short history of the Russian and world digitalization in details, focusing on the identified problems and priorities, which must be resolved if to successfully build and further effectively function information society in all its aspects. The theoretical part has formed important opinions and ideas about the topic under study and shows that the spread of digital technology in all spheres of life is evidence of an active stage in the transition of human civilization from an industrial development stage to a digital one with social reality relevant to it. An analysis to identify the process of digitalizing human civilization’s linear development vector based on creating an indicative planning system allowed the author to conclude that there is a long-awaited transition to a purposeful scientific management of society and the state. As it follows from the title of the article, legal coverage and all-round socialization are dominant in providing a successful solution to many challenges of digitalization. Russia’s political class is fully aware of the need to develop legal provisions, which are able to successfully prevent and mitigate possible threats to information society. It is primarily about the data breach related to both the functioning of the State and corporate/personal data. But the proposed draft legal acts of various kinds do not provide enough insight into how these protective, desirably preventive measures will be globally and nationally ensured. Digitalization offers great opportunities for a rapid economic and social recovery to society. Developing information and communication technology gives an unprecedented rise in productivity, creates new forms of work organization, ensures conditions for increased trade in goods and services, offers infinite possibilities for education, communication between representatives of various societies and cultures, community commitment and network. The challenges of digitalization are so complicated that they do not seem possible to be solved by legal precedents without enhancing the population’s moral upbringing. The efforts of the really responsible citizens, the users of digital technology, the Internet initially can only effectively confront a new global digital environment in which there are opportunities to act rather immorally while at the same time anonymously and with impunity. We shall have to act gradually, but as strict as possible in the domestic and international legalization of the “digital environment”, paying a special attention to its moral dimension and the creation of particular barriers for ethical violations.
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Brooks, Ann, and Vanessa Heaslip. "Sex trafficking and sex tourism in a globalised world." Tourism Review 74, no. 5 (2019): 1104–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-02-2017-0017.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore the dark side of the relationship between gender, mobility, migration and tourism. Specifically, the paper looks at one form of human trafficking, the global sex industry and the relationship between sex trafficking and sex tourism. More particularly, the paper examines the global sex industry (Goh, 2009; Sasse, 2000, 2001) and the impact of migration and human rights aspects (Voronova and Radjenovic, 2016) of sex trafficking and sex tourism, as well as the emotional dimensions of trauma, violence and vulnerability (Heaslip, 2016). Design/methodology/approach The paper is an interdisciplinary discussion paper combining socio-economic perspectives (Goh, 2009; Brooks and Devasayaham, 2011), human rights perspectives (Cheah, 2006), migration perspectives (Voronova and Radjenovic, 2016), tourism perspectives (Carolin et al., 2015) and health perspectives (Cary et al., 2016; Matos et al., 2013; Reid and Jones, 2011). The contribution of these intersecting perspectives to an understanding of sex trafficking and sex tourism is explored. Findings The paper highlights the moral and ethical responsibility of the tourist industry to counteract sex trafficking and sex tourism, an issue which tourism studies have failed to fully engage with. In presenting the human costs of trafficking from a gender perspective, the paper considers the ways in which the tourism industries, in some countries, are attempting to respond. Research limitations/implications The originality of the research is the focus on the dark side of the relationship between gender, mobility and tourism through sex trafficking and sex tourism drawing on an interdisciplinary perspective. Social implications The paper looks at the individual and social implications of sex trafficking and sex tourism for different countries and states and for the individuals concerned. In addition, it looks at the ways in which the tourism industry is responding to sex trafficking and sex tourism and the social impact of this. Originality/value In theorising the relationship between gender, migration, sex trafficking and tourism from an interdisciplinary perspective, exploring the societal and individual impact, this paper provides a framework for further empirical research or policy changes with regard to the intersection of sex trafficking and tourism.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Moral and ethical aspects of Social planning"
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Burdsall, Tina Dawn Lillian. "The Effects of Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Religion on Formal End-of-Life Planning." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/976.
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Individuals who are facing death today are doing so in an environment that is significantly different than it was in the past. Medical technology is increasingly able to keep people alive even with multiple complex chronic conditions. While these advances in medicine are beneficial to many, it can also unnecessarily prolong inevitable deaths. Concerns over the ability to have a death that is in alignment with personal values has increased the interest in the use of formal end-of-life planning including writing an advance instructional directive and assigning a durable power of attorney for health care. Although research has indicated that the use of these formal planning strategies is beneficial, not everyone completes them. Using a current nationally representative sample, the three specific aims of this study were to examine whether there are racial and ethnic differences in formal end-of-life planning done by older African American, Hispanic, and White adults; to examine socioeconomic factors including education and income in formal end-of-life planning as well as assess the contribution of these factors in explaining racial and ethnic differences in formal end-of-life planning; and to examine the role of religiosity in formal end-of-life planning and to assess its influence on racial and ethnic differences in explaining formal end-of-life planning.
Logistic regression was run on data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) in order to analyze the completion of formal end-of-life plans by African American, Hispanic, and White decedents. Exit interviews conducted with knowledgeable proxies in 2008 or 2010 were combined with data from earlier waves of the HRS survey in order to analyze the completion of formal end-of-life plans, race and ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and religion.
Both Blacks and Hispanics were less likely to complete a written advance directive, assign a proxy, or complete both forms of formal planning than were Whites. Group differences remained after controlling for region of death and cause of death. Both Blacks and Hispanics were less likely to complete any form of formal planning than Whites. Group differences remained after additionally controlling for gender, age, marital status, whether the decedent had children, income, education, religious preference, importance of religion, and frequency of attending religious services. Higher levels of income and education both increased the odds that formal advance planning would take place. Religious preference was not significant, but decedents who had stated that religion was very important were less likely to plan while those that attended services frequently were more likely to plan.
I speculate that the role of cultural capital may partially explain the persistent racial and ethnic disparities and the importance of income and education. Additionally the dominant religious doctrines of Christianity may have a greater influence than the different religious teachings of Protestant and Catholics around end-of-life medical care. Contrary to expected findings, reference groups of those who attend religious services frequently may assist in formal planning. These finding may help guide interventions that can diminish disparities in the end-of-life experience. Understanding who are completing formal plans can help ensure end-of-life care that is in alignment with personal beliefs and values.
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Turner, Jennifer. "The View from the Table: An Analysis of Participant Reactions to Community-Based Dialogues on Food and Justice." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1092.
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While Portland, Oregon's sustainable food movement wins accolades for explicitly situating itself in opposition to the industrialized global food system, it often fails to address systems of oppression that are reproduced within the alternative agri-food movement itself. This demonstrated aversion towards the messy, complex, contingent nature of the social world reflects larger processes of "de-politicization" of the overall sustainability agenda, which leads to the favoring of technological and/or spatial solutions that may undermine the social equity and justice dimensions of the "triple bottom line." This thesis focuses on an action research project involving a series of community dialogues that provided participants with a common language and understanding necessary to interrogate issues of race and class in Portland's sustainable food movement while developing visions for possible futures. Dialogue participants may find new ways to communicate, learn, identify common goals and best practices, and potentially network, collaborate and/or co-produce transformative anti-oppression strategies that integrate into the sustainable food movement. By asking those vested in the sustainable food movement to interrogate dimensions of anti-oppression consciousness, the movement becomes fortified with voices better equipped to envision sustainability within a more political and contingent reality that recognizes conflicts of power, and less resembling an idyllic, utopian, and ultimately impossible sustainability. This thesis delivers some preliminary outcomes following the dialogue series by describing and reflecting on the series' implementation and processes, and reflecting on its impact on participants' anti-oppression consciousness in the context of food and sustainability, while discussing possibilities for future scholarship.
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Morehead, Elizabeth. "Public Policy and Sexual Geography in Portland, Oregon, 1970-2010." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/205.
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Drawing on the concept of sexual geography, this study examines the social and political meanings of sexualized spaces in the urban geography of Portland, Oregon between 1970 and 2010. This includes an examination of the sexual geography of urban spaces as a deliberate construct resulting from official and unofficial public policy and urban planning decisions. Sexual geographies, the collective and individual constructions of sexuality, are not static. Nor are definitions of deviant sexual practices fixed in the collective consciousness. Both are continuously being reshaped and reconstructed in response to changing economic structures and beliefs about sex, race and class. Primary documents are used to build a conceptual geography of sexualized spaces in Portland at points between 1970 and 2010 with an emphasis on the policy and urban planning decisions that inform the physical designations and social meanings of sexualized spaces including prostitution zones, pornography districts and gay entertainment areas.
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Lasky, Benjamin M. "Chronic accessibility of virtue-trait inferences : a social-cognitive approach to the moral personality." Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1177985.
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This study examined the hypothesis that the moral personality is one in which moral knowledge structures are chronically accessible. A spontaneous trait inference cued-recall paradigm was employed. It was expected that those with chronically accessible moral knowledge structures (N = 61) would spontaneously encode virtue-content information differently than those with less chronically accessible moral knowledge structures (N = 77). High and low moral chronic accessibility participants were instructed to memorize sentences that contained virtue-content implications. Sentence recall was then cued by either virtuous dispositional terms or by words that were linked semantically to the sentences. Within the spontaneous processing condition, dispositional cues prompted twice as much recall as semantic cues among participants with high moral chronic accessibility whereas semantic cues prompted twice as much recall as dispositional cues among participants with low moral chronic accessibility. As predicted, within the deliberate processing conditions, there were no high/low moral chronic accessibility differences. These findings support the claim that the moral personality is usefully conceptualized in terms of the chronic accessibility of moral knowledge structures.Department of Educational Psychology
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Thorne, Linda 1956. "The influence of social interaction on auditors' moral reasoning /." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34471.
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Although auditors engage in considerable social interaction (Gibbins & Mason, 1988; Solomon, 1987), little is known about how social interaction influences an auditor's moral reasoning process. In order to address this gap, this study used an experiment to examine the effect of social influence on 288 auditors' moral reasoning on realistic moral dilemmas. The results of this study indicate that social interaction influences the moral reasoning of auditors. Auditors' level of prescriptive reasoning appears to increase after engaging in discussion of a realistic moral dilemma, particularly for those which discuss dilemmas with others at high levels of moral development, while auditors' level of deliberative reasoning appears to decrease after engaging in discussion of a realistic moral dilemma. At a practical level, these findings suggest that auditors should be encouraged to prescriptively discuss moral dilemmas with others of high levels of moral development as this tends to result in the use of more principled moral reasoning. In contrast, auditors should avoid deliberative discussion of moral dilemmas, as this tends to result in the use of less principled moral reasoning than would be used in the absence of discussion.
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Ho, Ching-ching Mary, and 何晶晶. "Socially responsible investment indices in Asian markets : merging stakeholder theories with social construction for improved index construction methodology." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193511.
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The growth of the managed investment industry brings with it the potential for institutional investors to exert their influence on boards of listed companies to deliver strong and sustainable growth. The concepts of socially responsible investment (SRI), responsible investment (RI) or ethical investment (EI) have become part of mainstream investment practices in many financial markets. While SRI is largely a qualitative concept, its survival and adoption by the mainstream investment community may, in part, be due to the formalising of its concepts into language that investors, asset managers and analysts can more readily understand: the benchmark index.
SRI indices may hold the key to attracting attention to ESG issues in listed corporates and to help bring about positive outcomes in sustainable development. Figures show SRI investments in emerging markets are minimal when compared to those in developed markets but emerging markets hold great potential for growth and development of these tools.
This research develops a tool for bringing together social construction theory and stakeholder theory in understanding the construction of SRI Indices and in development of new indices.
The core of this research is an analysis of SRI indices in three major emerging markets of Hong Kong, India and China, together with an analysis of different perspectives of SRI in Asia. The purpose is to identify opportunities to building SRI indices through a stakeholder engagement approach.
The research was conducted over several phases between October 2008 and August 2010 and can be defined by three different studies:
1. a comparative study on SRI indices and their ESG criteria;
2. a comparative study on SRI indices and their stakeholder engagement approach; and
3. an analysis on the feasibility of building SRI indices in Asian markets.
The findings from the three studies indicate three main arguments. First, ESG assessment and criteria of SRI indices does have an impact on the creditability and value of the SRI indices. Due to the lack of transparency on the ESG assessment and criteria, SRI investors and other stakeholder groups are deterred from adopting SRI indices as SRI tool.
Second, stakeholder engagement is essential for SRI indices. And lastly, SRI indices in emerging markets, especially in the three studied markets, are attractive to both global and local SRI investors; however, these SRI indices need to include local ESG contexts to reflect the actual ESG concerns of the societies and avoid blindly following developed markets’ SRI index model, which in the end become unrealistic and unpopular to investors and stakeholder groups.
We recommend that stakeholder engagement in index criteria and corporate assessment be widened and deepened; that governments and stock exchanges can play a pivotal role in SRI development and should take the lead. We also recommend that SRI indices strengthen the institution of corporate research to rely less on secondary data when making their corporate assessments.published_or_final_version
Kadoorie Institute
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Johnston, Sharon 1972. "Double agent dilemma : the Canadian physician: patient advocate and social agent." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30308.
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This thesis considers the rationalization of health care in Canada. It focuses on the conflicting roles modern physicians play in our system, acting as both patient advocate and social agent. It begins by tracing the origin of both of these duties. It then examines the ethical, professional, and legal issues which arise in the limited circumstances where front-line physicians must participate in the rationing of health care. It offers a framework for resolving the double agent dilemma and states five interlocking recommendations which are the building blocks of the resolution.
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Wiebe, Jeff, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Management. "Near or far : psychological distance construal and its role in ethical." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. :|bUniversity of Lethbridge, Faculty of Management,|cc2013, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3431.
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A focus group and experiment were conducted to test the effects of psychological distance on participant affect, intentions, and behaviours in the realm of ethical consumption. Construal Level Theory (Liberman and Trope, 1998) posits that psychologically-near concepts are viewed differently than their psychologically-far counterparts, and this framework was used to guide the development of predictions relating to four dimensions of distance: temporal, spatial, social, and hypothetical. The study revealed that participants exhibit significantly higher levels of affect and intention when presented stimuli involve psychologically near impacts rather than psychologically-far impacts. This finding did not carry over into actual behaviour, however. Subject disposition toward psychological distance was measured but was found to not impact affect, intentions, or behaviour. Perceived Consumer Effectiveness (Kinnear, Taylor, & Ahmed, 1974) was found to be an important predictor of behaviour.viii, 103 leaves ; 29 cm
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Thayer, Nancy Lynn. "Children's Conception of the Social and Moral Dilemmas Associated with Drug Use." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4852.
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The use and abuse of drugs among adolescents and adults has prompted a renewed national concern about drug abuse. Educational programs have attempted to provided factual information and create negative attitudes about drug use so that students will decide not to use drugs. Studies have revealed, however, that the drug programs have not been effective in reducing drug use. The present research addresses two primary questions: 1) Are there developmental differences in young persons' perceptions of social and moral dilemmas associated with drug use? and 2) Are gender and race associated with social and moral reasoning about drug use? Semi-structured interviewers were conducted with 32 fourth and 32 eleventh grade students. The interview posed two vignettes about drug-related behavior, including helping behavior. In addition, the interview probed respondents' conceptions of the problems associated with drug use and of the treatment that users and dealers should receive. Content analysis produced 40 codes which reached the reliability criterion of 60 percent agreement. The Kappas ranged from .57 to .91 (m = .66). Chi square tests were conducted, using the variables of race, sex and the thematic categories associated with each question. Of the 26 tests of significance conducted on the variables, two were significant for grade, two were significant for gender and one was significant for race. Eleventh grade students were more likely to specifically reject some category of help than the fourth grade students (x2 = 4.48,p < .05, df = 1). Fourth grade students were more likely to consider teachers as a source of help (x2 = 3.48,p < .06, df= 1). Female students were more likely to acknowledge risk to themselves due to helping (x2 = 4.27,p < .04, df= I). Caucasian students were more likely to acknowledge that there may be risks to the helpee due to helping (x2 = 3.52,p < .06, df= 1). Male students were more likely to want punishment and control of drug dealers (x2 = 5.32,p < .05, df= 1). In general, the :findings indicate that there are fewer developmental, gender and race differences in children's perception of drug use and associated dilemmas than might be expected. Students' descriptions did reveal that they are thinking and reasoning about the information given to them.
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Wood, John Vincent. "An understanding of moral philosophy classifications and social risk in relation to decision-making." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1979.
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The purpose of this study was to look at the relationships between moral philosophy classification and elements of risk, which in turn effect overall decision-making processes. Specifically, two moral philosophy classification were examined: utilitarian and egoism.
Books on the topic "Moral and ethical aspects of Social planning"
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Semina, Waigani. Choices in development planning. University of Papua New Guinea Press, 1988.
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journalist, Hancock John, ed. Investing in corporate social responsibility: A guide to best practice, business planning & the UK's leading companies. Kogan Page, 2005.
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Sieber, Joan E. Planning ethically responsible research: A guide for students and internal review boards. Sage Publications, 1992.
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The just city. Cornell University Press, 2010.
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Crocker, David A. Ethics of global development: Agency, capability, and deliberative democracy. Cambridge University Press, 2008.
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J, Kevles Daniel, and Hood Leroy E, eds. The Code of codes: Scientific and social issues in the Human Genome Project. Harvard University Press, 1992.
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Mujtaba, Bahaudin. The ethics of management and situational leadership in Afghanistan. Aglob Publishing, 2005.
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den, Hartogh Govert, ed. The good life as a public good. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.
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Corporate diplomacy: The strategy for a volatile, fragmented business environment. Wiley, 2003.
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Loosemore, Martin. Responsible corporate strategy in construction and engineering: "doing the right thing?". Spon Press, 2010.
Book chapters on the topic "Moral and ethical aspects of Social planning"
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Miller, Gloria J. "Artificial Intelligence Project Success Factors—Beyond the Ethical Principles." In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98997-2_4.
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AbstractThe algorithms implemented through artificial intelligence (AI) and big data projects are used in life-and-death situations. Despite research that addresses varying aspects of moral decision-making based upon algorithms, the definition of project success is less clear. Nevertheless, researchers place the burden of responsibility for ethical decisions on the developers of AI systems. This study used a systematic literature review to identify five categories of AI project success factors in 17 groups related to moral decision-making with algorithms. It translates AI ethical principles into practical project deliverables and actions that underpin the success of AI projects. It considers success over time by investigating the development, usage, and consequences of moral decision-making by algorithmic systems. Moreover, the review reveals and defines AI success factors within the project management literature. Project managers and sponsors can use the results during project planning and execution.
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Gómez-Parra, María-Elena, and Bashar Daiss. "The Concept of Change and the Teachers’ Role on the Implementing Technological Transformation at School." In Educational Theory in the 21st Century. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9640-4_4.
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AbstractThe concept of change includes a variety of topics, situations, disciplines, dimensions, and aspects. Its diversity and impact on individuals and organizations has led to an array of definitions, models, and theories. Thus, changes constitute a response to values, transformations that are interpreted as opportunities to improve an organization’s resilience and increase its achievements. This chapter will further discuss the concept of change, leading to a deep analysis of teachers’ moral and ethical role in one of the most impactful changes in schools: the technological revolution. If teachers believe that change is necessary, they will make great efforts to implement it effectively both in class and at school. International examples will be shown (e.g., Israel, USA, UK, and Turkey), and conclusions will be drawn regarding the need to specifically train teachers to raise their ICT awareness and understand the drawbacks and risks of technology in the twenty-first century. Schools’ transformation in information and communication is not just a technological revolution but also a social and ethical change that involves teachers in a complex weave of technologies, its creators and users, their interactions, and the social context.
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"Human Rights: Moral Ethical Social Medical and Legal Aspects." In Multidimensional Curriculum Enhancing Future Thinking Literacy. Brill | Sense, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004375208_012.
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"5.3 Ethical, Social and Environmental Aspects of Marketing Planning." In Marketing. Vahlen, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/9783800648702_401.
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Hollensen, Svend, and Marc Oliver Opresnik. "5.3 Ethical, Social and Environmental Aspects of Marketing Planning." In Marketing. Vahlen, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/9783800649297-440.
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Pană, Laura. "Artificial Ethics." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6122-6.ch004.
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A new morality is generated in the present scientific and technical environment, and a new ethics is needed, an ethics which may be found in both individual and social morality, which can guide a moral evolution of different cultural fields and which has the chance to keep alive the moral culture itself. This chapter points out first the scientific, technical, and philosophical premises of artificial ethics. The specific, the status, and the role of artificial ethics is described by selecting ethical procedures, norms, and values that are suitable to be applied both by human and artificial moral agents. Moral intelligence as a kind of practical intelligence is studied and its role in human and artificial moral conduct is evaluated. Common features of human and artificial moral agents are presented. Specific features of artificial moral agents are analyzed. Artificial ethics is presented as part of the multi-set of artificial cognition, discovery, activity, organization, and evolution ways. A meta-ethical survey establishes the place of artificial ethics within the group of new and emergent ethical fields of the computer culture. Natural and artificial evolution are studied from an interdisciplinary and even from an intercultural perspective, and the co-evolution of human and artificial moral agents is sketched by means of technological and social prognosis.
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Heller, Peter. "Technoethics." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6122-6.ch006.
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Technoethics relates to the impact of ethics in technology and technological change in biological, medical, military, engineering, and other applications. Accordingly, new questions arise about the moral right and wrong of corresponding technological issues. These, in turn, generate novel trade-offs, many of them controversial, involving the desirable versus undesirable ethical aspects of the new invention or innovation from a moral viewpoint. The discussion in this chapter suggests that frequently much can be said on both sides of an ethical argument and that therefore, at times, agonizing decisions must be made about which side has the greater moral merit based on numerous variables. The minicases sprinkled throughout the text and the longer automobile engineering case at the end are used as illustrations.
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Picavet, Emmanuel, and Caroline Guibet Lafaye. "Rational Planning. Principles and Contexts." In Ethical Governance of Emerging Technologies Development. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3670-5.ch003.
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Practical rationality, when collective choices are at stake, should certainly rely on principles. These principles are perhaps not without effect on our representation of the problems to be addressed in collective action. The authors investigate how this structuring role of pragmatic principles accounts for notable context-dependent features of governance procedures. In the field of social policies, for example, the enhancement of personal autonomy has come to the forefront of collective challenges. Capacity-based approaches indicate a way to put into question those conceptions of autonomy which lead to an excessively uniform treatment of individuals. Following these approaches, the beneficiaries of social policies should be treated as concrete beings with their personal history, living in specific social contexts and so on. The authors analyse the individualizing logic which is exemplified in interactive problem-structuring and institutional decision-making about the provision of apt, context-sensitive care and services for ageing handicapped persons. It is suggested that the sought-for adaptation to specific circumstances is made possible through a complex process of description of problems and challenges for collective action, in which procedural aspects are important. This process is by no means reducible to a passive process of adjustment to independent states of affairs. If the authors’ analysis is correct, there is no such thing as the “real” nature of individual situations, as opposed to the fictions associated with ordinary social policies: the process under scrutiny really redefines the nature of institutional interactions, responsibilities and the underlying picture of the individual person.
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MacRae, Don. "Toward Benevolent AGI by Integrating Knowledge Graphs for Classical Economics, Education, and Health." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6772-2.ch010.
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This chapter considers the contributions that may be made to the evolution of an ethical and compassionate form of artificial general intelligence (AGI) by integrating knowledge graphs for classical economics, education, health, and space science. Classical economics offers pathways to the evolution of a form of AGI characterised as moral, ethical, and providing a capacity for building trust-based social capital of societies. Pathways that can be elucidated by applications of machine and deep learning to knowledge graphs of the fields of classical economics, ethics, and social capital. A network platform based on the application of distributed ledger technology is proposed to provide the basis for eliciting insights from interdependences between an ever expanding digital-quantum cloud hosting similarly empowered knowledge graphs for an ever increasing myriad of advancing fields. Knowledge graph sketches for education, health, space science, and other fields germane to building social capital serve to illustrate this proposed process and attendant business opportunities.
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Keane, Webb. "Awareness and Change." In Ethical Life. Princeton University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691167732.003.0006.
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This chapter discusses the idea of ethical history, looking at situations in which hitherto taken-for-granted aspects of everyday life came to be the focus of attention, such as feminist consciousness-raising in the 1960s and 1970s. Indeed, the American feminist movement is the invention and promulgation of the technique of consciousness-raising. Consciousness-raising is interesting for several reasons: it took very seriously the effects of problematizing the habits of everyday life, it succeeded in changing the descriptions and evaluations of actions and persons that were available for many Americans, and it ultimately foundered, in part, on an unresolved tension between subjective experience and objective social analysis. The chapter then argues that processes like this play an important role in the historical transformations of ethical and moral worlds.
Conference papers on the topic "Moral and ethical aspects of Social planning"
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ÁVILA CERÓN, Carlos Alberto, Ignacio DE LOS RÍOS-CARMENADO, Maria RIVERA, and Susana MARTÍN. "RURAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING IN COLOMBIA’S CONFLICT ZONES: A PROPOSAL FROM THE WWP MODEL." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.085.
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During the past fifty years, Colombia has endured an internal armed conflict. It has left as a result massive forced displacements, destruction of the social capital and indiscriminate logging of forests in regions affected by illicit crops and a strong presence of illegal armed groups supported by drug trafficking. In spite of a number of national policies and programs against illicit crops, the issue still persists, along with all the social implications it carries with. This paper presents a model for planning rural development projects in regions with illicit crops. The methodology applied is based on the model "Working With People (WWP)" and integrates the knowledge and experience gathered throughout the implementation of various projects in the region of La Macarena, Colombia. It takes into account eight years of continuous work with the communities, in one of the areas of greatest social unrest in Colombia, due to illicit crops, on-going criminal activity and violence by illegal armed groups and a weak presence of State institutions. Some of the factors hindering successful advancement of rural development policies include the breakdown of the social fabric, deterioration of moral values, family disintegration and lack of confidence. The conceptual framework applied integrates elements from policy analysis and social learning (Friedmann, 1991; Cazorla et al., 2015), proposed as a reaction from traditional and ineffective social reform models (Friedmann, 1991) developed in this type of scenarios. Following a thorough review of rural development planning theories regarding illicit crops areas, we carried out an analysis of the experience in the Macarena region under the WWP model. The results show the effects of the WWP model and the necessity to develop a strategy for the eradication of illicit crops in a post-conflict scenario, taking into account various social variables. Findings denote a greater relevance of the ethical-social and political-contextual dimensions in terms of sustainable rural development. Trust building, the enhancement of social relationships and direct interaction with target communities are the basic factors to the reconstruction of the social fabric and value systems, fostering sustainable rural development and stabilization.
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Makalyutin, Vladsilav. "PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MEDIA PROCEDURE IN MODERN RUSSIA." In Current problems of jurisprudence. Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02032-6/142-152.
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The article is devoted to the study of problematic aspects of the implementation of the mediation procedure in Russia. The author noted that mediation on the path of its development in the country encountered a number of obstacles of a moral, ethical, psychological, economic and legislative nature, the solution and settlement of which requires certain efforts both from the side of society and public organizations, and from the state. Using the method of analytical review of theoretical and practical developments of domestic researchers and legislative documents, the article identifies the following problems of mediation: low legal culture of the population; lack of confidence in this service; lack of awareness of society as a whole, and of citizens in particular, about mediation, its advantages as an alternative to the trial method; the position of the parties that do not want to compromise; the difficulty of choosing a mediator - as a highly professional person; mainly the social foundations for the development of mediation and insufficient state support. These problems are interrelated, therefore, their solution requires an integrated approach.
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Dangelmaier, Manfred, Wilhelm Bauer, and Zimu Chen. "Interdisciplinary Communication and Advice under Uncertainty in a Pandemic." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001356.
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Communication in a pandemic is difficult and complex. It is characterized by volatile situations associated with a high degree of uncertainty and, in some cases, social divergence in groups and societies. Orientation is expected, by politicians and individuals, from science. However, sciences are only fulfilling the expectations to a limited extent. We demonstrate that there are severe weaknesses in holistic and interdisciplinary communication in the pandemic and show that established tools from management are neglected and overlooked.We then analyze the specific needs of scientific reasoning in pandemic situations such as •a rational approach integrating both estimates and explicit evidence;•expressing and quantifying uncertainty; •considering interdisciplinary aspects in advice and decision making;•the ability to deal with ethical aspects;•simple updates with new findings and evidence.In a third step we compare from literature and own experience existing methods from management science for their suitability against those needs. We find that many of the interdisciplinary tools are deterministic, like Multi Criteria Analyses, and do not support uncertainty. The frequently adopted linear computation of utility values leads to ethical issues. Foresight methods like Delphi or Scenario methods deal with uncertainty and subjectivity. But they are not designed to integrate strong evidence. Strategic planning tools like roadmaps are comprehensible but disappoint in volatile situations. Probabilistic decision making with expected utilities is too complex and suffers from missing data. Heuristics at the other hand are simple but do not allow for comprehensive reasoning. We then argue in a fourth step to use probability in communication and to apply it to decision making in the pandemic. We propose a simple one-step method with a calculus based on Bayes’ theorem and calculate the probabilities of alternative courses of action being the best un der given conditios. With examples we show how arguments from various scientific disciplines can be integrated in decision making and adjusted as new evidence appears. Furthermore, we provide a role model and show by examples how scientists, scientific consultants and decision makers can cooperate and communicate using the method.We conclude that the method fulfils the identified needs to a high degree and is worth to be further developed. We show its epistemic and scientific limitations and give an outlook how likelihood functions may be used to replace negotiated likelihoods by parametric and model based values.
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Pribyl, Barbara, Satinder Purewal, and Harikrishnan Tulsidas. "Development of the Petroleum Resource Specifications and Guidelines PRSG – A Petroleum Classification System for the Energy Transition." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205847-ms.
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Abstract The Petroleum Working Group (PWG) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) has developed the Petroleum Resource Specifications and Guidelines (PRSG) to facilitate the application of the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources (UNFC) for evaluating and classifying petroleum projects. The UNFC was developed by the Expert Group on Resource Management (EGRM) and covers all resource sectors such as minerals, petroleum, renewable energy, nuclear resources, injection projects, anthropogenic resources and groundwater. It has a unique three- dimensional structure to describe environmental, social and economic viability (E-axis), technical feasibility and maturity (F-axis) and degree of confidence in the resource estimates (G-axis). The UNFC is fully aligned to holistic and sustainable resource management called for by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2030 Agenda). UNFC can be used by governments for integrated energy planning, companies for developing business models and the investors in decision making. Internationally, all classification systems and their application continue to evolve to incorporate the latest technical understanding and usage and societal, government and regulatory expectations. The PRSG incorporates key elements from current global petroleum classification systems. Furthermore, it provides a forward-thinking approach to including aspects of integrity and ethics. It expands on the unique differentiator of the UNFC to integrate social and environmental issues in the project evaluation. Several case studies have been carried out (in China, Kuwait, Mexico, Russia, and Uganda) using UNFC. Specifically, PRSG assists in identifying critical social and environmental issues to support their resolution and development sustainably. These issues may be unique to the country, location and projects and mapped using a risk matrix. This may support the development of a road map to resolve potential impediments to project sanction. The release of the PRSG comes at a time of global economic volatility on a national and international level due to the ongoing impact and management of COVID-19, petroleum supply and demand uncertainty and competing national and international interests. Sustainable energy is not only required for industries but for all other social development. It is essential for private sector development, productive capacity building and expansion of trade. It has strong linkages to climate action, health, education, water, food security and woman empowerment. Moreover, enduring complex system considerations in balancing the energy trilemma of reliable supply, affordability, equity, and social and environmental responsibility remain. These overarching conditions make it even more essential to ensure projects are evaluated in a competent, ethical and transparent manner. While considering all the risks, it is also critical to reinforce the positive contribution a natural resource utilization project provides to society. Such an inquiry can focus on how the project contributes to the quality of life, environment, and the economy – the people, planet, and prosperity triad. Such an approach allows consistent, robust and sustainable investment decision making and energy policy development.
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Märtin, Christian, Jürgen Engel, and Christian Herdin. "A Model-based Environment for building and running Situation-aware Interactive Applications." In 8th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002754.
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Situation-aware software systems open unique perspectives for improved goal achievement characteristics for both users and software suppliers. Such interactive systems give users individualized user experience, provide runtime-adaptive user in-terfaces, allow for situation-dependent task planning capabilities and can trigger ser-vice activations when the situational context changes.Situation-awareness is an evolution of the concept of context-aware computing that was first proposed for distributed mobile computing in [7]. In addition to software responsiveness when dynamically migrating applications to other devices and loca-tions, the notion of context then also included aspects related to the interacting people and the environment.The term situation-awareness was first established in psychology and the cognitive sciences. It was used for describing support systems for human operators in complex situations. By defining situation-dependent requirements correct and smooth interac-tive task accomplishment could be facilitated [3], [4]. For such systems, considering the changes of the interactive context over time plays an important role. The complete cognitive process of perception of the users is dependent on contextual information encountered during the interactive processing of tasks. To capture the individual requirements of a situation, Chang in [1] has suggested that a situation specification must cover the user’s operational environment E, the user’s social behavior B, by interpreting his or her actions, and a hidden context M that includes the user’s mental states and emotions. A situation Sit at a given time t can thus be defined as Sit = <M, B, E>t. A user’s intention for using a specific soft-ware service for reaching a goal can then be formulated as a temporal sequence (Sit1, Sit2, …, Sitn), where Sit1 is the situation that triggers the usage of a service or a task execution and Sitn is the goal-satisfying situation.This model provides a good starting point for the construction of situation-aware applications. However, for recognizing and evaluating situations, the hidden context M, i.e., the user’s emotions, intentions and cognitive load must be made visible and exploitable. Adaptive situation-aware software systems need cognitive and analytic capabilities to interpret the multitude of available emotional and bio-physical signals as well as application and contextual meta-data to being able to infer a goal-reaching set of adaptations.Rather than providing situation-awareness separately for each developed applica-tion, we present an integrated model-based environment for building and running dynamically adaptive situation-aware applications. Therefore, we follow a combined approach by linking the PaMGIS (Pattern-Based Modeling and Generation of Inter-active Systems) MBUID-framework [2] and its domain and user interface models with SitAdapt, a high-resolution observation platform with an integrated user-centric adap-tation component [5]. SitAdapt offers functionality for visual emotion recognition, eye- and gaze-tracking, pulse-rate-tracking, EEG-signal recording, as well as various other bio-physical signal monitoring capabilities. For integrating the necessary rea-soning capabilities, we have introduced situation rules that have access to both, the observed raw-situations, and the modeling resources of the MBUID.We have tested the SitAdapt system with different e-commerce web-applications, e.g., an existing beauty products shopping portal that was enhanced with situation-awareness capabilities and runtime adaptivity [6]. In this environment we also con-ducted two user studies for evaluating the monitoring features and adaptive power of the system with respect to functionality and user experience.In this paper we will discuss the exemplary construction process and runtime-operation of an adaptive situation-aware web-application for travel-booking. We will demonstrate the different steps of the building process that derive application structure and functionality from the task and domain models of the application and apply vari-ous HCI-patterns as well as design and layout models for generating the interactive parts of the source code. We then will describe the observation process that records individual situation profiles during interactive sessions. We will finally discuss the adaptation process that creates a priori adaptations based on the parsing of user and environment models and dynamic runtime-adaptations that are triggered by situation rules fired when a user-specific situation profile encounters conditions that were speci-fied in the situation-rule model of the application. We will conclude the paper with a discussion of ethical and privacy issues arising when confronting users with such powerful monitoring systems. We will also give a short outlook on assessing situation-rule performance and optimizing the rules by implementing a reinforcement learning-component in the future.