Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Morale politique'
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Chebel, d'Appollonia Ariane. "Morale et politique chez Raymond Aron." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993IEPP0027.
Full textThe relation between ethics and politics constitutes one of the major issues of Raymond Aron's thought. Its study permits to understand better the relations in his work between philosophy of history, theory of politics and sociology, and to perceive the nature and the scope of the commitment of the "spectateur engagé". After an analysis of the biography and auto-biography of R. Aron, a presentation of the work reveals the importance given to the classic antinomy between moral values and political values, and the attachment of R. Aron to the "politics of understanding". Influenced by Max Weber, R. Aron takes up the opposition between ethics of responsibility and ethics of conviction in his analysis of politics as well as in the elaboration of the politico-moral rules of the political commentator. But the revaluation of the personality of R. Aron, especially in its links to judaism, to the left-wing and to moralists, of his methodology and praxis shows that R. Aron has tried to overcome this classic antinomy with the help of the idea of reason. A regulator ideal of historical knowledge and of theorisation of politics, this idea of reason tends to become a moral ideal which founds an ethics. This ethics is the crowning achievement of his work and has influenced his stands
Adda, Pierre. "Morale et politique chez Bernard Lamy." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA04A048.
Full textMessager, Jean-Marc. "Condillac, une philosophie morale et politique oubliée." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30091.
Full textLanguage, as a central element within Condillac system, is really understandable from the action's thematic viwpoint from wich it is possible to give back to his whole work its real unity. Through his Locke's rereading, Condillac tries to point out, as a matter of fact, that freedom depends on how we intentionally use signs to be linked to our ideas. Through analysis, the language signs are subject to desire being the origin of our faculties, to the highest faculty: the reason. Inside the individual and collective fields, moral and politics require this clear knownledge of man which, coming from the human understanding as it appears to us, could not pretend to fall into the erring ways of the old metaphysics and of the methodical mind. Exceeding the Cartesian opposition of body and soul, Condillac empiricism is going against materialism which could be a consequence. Rethinking of the body and soul's relation, Condillac shows that sensualism and spiritual nature of the soul coexist within a reflection about man without any dogmatism. From that time, Condillac's work will often be interpreted in many conflicting ways: suspected of materialism ans scarely spiritualism it will unfairly be neglected and new disciplines such as philosophy of language, of action, which it contributed to announce, will overtake it
Gahe, Gohoun Rosine Cinthia. "L'idée platonicienne d'une réforme morale en politique." Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA082930.
Full textPlato subjects the political issue to prospects of implementation of radical moral reforms. As an opening, this thesis attempts to piece the elements together through some Platonician dialogues quite specifically devoted to this issue, focusing particularly on the motive of the concern for the soul. In convergence with the previous assessments made in reviewing and reasserting this issue, the second part of this thesis focuses on these assessments examining the support Michel Foucault found out in the "self-concern" dimension in order to go beyond the mere political historicity of the succession of power configurations as well as the ascending movement of "soul care" through which the requirement for a genuine policy could continue to withstand, in Jan Patočka's view, the decline of time-bound regimes. Both explicit resumptions of the political powers of ethical concern and care are thus confronted, on the one hand, with the debate initiated by Léo Strauss about competitive contributions of philosophy and poetry to politics and, on the other hand, to the assessments of politics Max Weber proposed to conduct based on a distinction between the ethics of accountability and an ethics of belief. The final part of the thesis discusses the political issue Sub-Saharan African States are faced with, and suggests identifying the ethical power lying in the renewal of politics which Plato had traced back to knowledge conceived of less as knowledge of things as knowledge of one’s self and, finally, as portending a virtuous conduct since it enables the distinction between things belonging to an individual, to others and to the state, the rigours of the law as enforced in constitutional states
KAMABU, VANGI SI VALI. "Pour une ethique du pouvoir en afrique subsaharienne perspectives ethiques et theologiques le cas du congo - kinshasa." Strasbourg 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR20044.
Full textRochard, Frédéric. "La recuperation socio-politique. Essai de comprehension psycho-sociologique d'une notion et d'un phenomene." Paris, EHESS, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991EHES0311.
Full textThe purpose is to see if the minority discourse in (french) term of "recuperation" can be followed psychosociologicaly. Objectively "recuperation" is neither a dispossession nor a manipulation, and we definie it as a phenomenon of moving clother to. "recuperation" threatens differentiation and specificity of minority social identity and image. We say finaly that "recuperation" is less a phenomenon of intentional moving clother to than more widely a phenomenon of indifferentiation, inclued in a power situation but which causes may be different
Lang, Patrick. "La valeur : éthique, politique et sciences sociales." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010607.
Full textZelenko, Pierre. "La philosophie morale et politique de John Stuart Mill." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040264.
Full textJohn Stuart Mill is often referred to as one of the most typical exemples of liberalism or utilitarianism. However his philosophy is more subtle and less simple than those stereotypes suppose. If he bases his thought on certain utilitarist presuppositions, Mill does not consider the greatest happiness principle as the most important one. If Liberty can be regarded as the main value of his philosophy, several limits and controls are taken into account and a more balanced equilibrium between order and liberty is outlined. Nevetheless, regulation of social life must not be rigid or formal but soft and evolutive. For this reason, Mill takes seriously spontaneous regulations such as "naming and shaming". By the same token, he believes that progress stems from everybody's self-development, which must not be impeded as far as possible and whose means must be provided by the State if need be
MOREAU, PAUL. "Sur la famille et sur l'education (morale, droit, politique)." Lyon 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO31008.
Full textIn this thesis, which looks like a file of works, there appear two main axes and two secondary ones : the former are those of education and family : 1) about education, and , in the wake of a study about kant, those points are dealt with: the education of judgement, character, the meaning of school in the republic; 2) about family, a subject which is not usually thematised by philosophy, we specify the meaning of an approach from the points of view of moral philosophy, but alos of the philosophy of the law and political philosophy: the frame of a systematic study of the relationship between family and civil society is drawn here, and we particulary tackle the question of the relationship betwen children's rights and the family's,as well as the matter of marriage in its social dimension, as providing an acceptable articulation between private life and public life. The secondary axes are the following ones: 1) a reflexion on the epistemology of family sciences where we study the problems posed by the conjonction between the plurality of disciplines and the unity of the subject, as well as the articulation between science, technique and ethics; 2) from the problems posed by the evolution of private life, a reflection on the relationship between morals, the law and poli
Jebahi, Nejia. "Montesquieu et le monde romain : étude politique et morale." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAC004/document.
Full textDuring its long history, Rome has subjugated numerous peoples. Its territory increased so much that it became the center of gravity of the whole antique world. The extraordinary expansion of that city has therefore always surprised the thinkers. Understandably Montesquieu, a French philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment, has himself studied the Roman world and its development in a number of his works. In order to explain the reasons behind the magnificence and the decadence of the Romans, Montesquieu examined the evolution of Roman politics and ethics from the foundation of the Vrbs until to its decline. The author carefully analyses the Roman civil and military institutions in order to establish their excellence and even to point out their limits. In his sociological and critical approach, this writer uses a rich literature that reveals the influence of Machiavel and Bossuet. Nevertheless from his work emerges an innovative standpoint that opens up for original fields of investigation
Buttay-Jutier, Florence Crouzet Denis. "Fortuna : usages politiques d'une allégorie morale à la Renaissance /." Paris : PUPS, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb412254011.
Full textCui, Huan. "De la politique à la morale : entre les cultures : lire Politiques de l’amitié de Jacques Derrida." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100009/document.
Full textFollowing the trend of international cooperation, comparative research across cultures becomes increasingly important. Consequently Sinology and Western culture could intersect at certain points of view, particularly around Derrida’s political philosophy research based on the term friendship. Faced with political violence in the name of justice, democracy or human rights, Derrida states that the current policy is dominated by the disease of “autoimmunity”, by which democracy is locked to the within the territory of the State. So the universal democracy as the authenticity of democracy is not yet present. Considering that the reforms in the policy framework does not help to solve the “autoimmunity”, Derrida believes that we should return to the ideology by reflecting the term friendship as the root of human relations in society, in order to access the idea of the unconditional hospitality and therefore the universal democracy. This is why Derrida begins his research of political philosophy from the term friendship. In this sense, Derrida discusses the canonical friendship, namely the ancient friendship, Christian friendship and rationale friendship, in the western history, in concluding that the canonical friendship of the Western history favors the sameness by eliminating the difference, as far as the consanguinity, the frontier play a foundational rule throughout the Western history, which determines the conditional democracy based on the sovereignty of the nation-state. This way of beginning from the friendship exists also in Confucianism which acts as the essential of sinology, because of the image of brother, in other words the consanguinity persists throughout the sinological history as an axis, and in terms of structures of clan and family which monopolize the feudal politics of China. This allows us to note the similarities rather than the differences between the two cultures. In addition, face to the friendship based on consanguinity and the frontier, Derrida proposes a new way of friendship which contains the unconditional hospitality, in order to suppress the disease of autoimmunity, then lead to "democracy to come", even if it might causes a gap between ideology and political practice. Indeed, the “universal love” exists also in sinological history, for example in the theory of Mo Tzu. By which the society "Da-Tong" implying a universal democracy is always presented as the ideal society in the history of China. This may also make a gap between ideology and practical politics regarding the two cultures intersect instead of diverging. Face to the critiques concerning Utopia of "democracy to come" and the society "Da-Tong", this study aims at the confrontation between cultures, the transition between politics and ethics, in order to deal with these concepts with an objective attitude. In this process of comparative research we find that the conversation between cultures becomes increasingly important in universal cosmopolitanism
Leroux, Serge. "L'Ancien Régime et la Révolution : de la morale naturelle à la morale républicaine (1750-1799)." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010517.
Full textOur thesis consists of four sections that correspond to the different categories of intellectual history as defined by r. Darnton. In the first section, we outlined the "field" of ethics as we perceive it through the works, opinions, polemics of philosophers an moralists. We show how the christian ethic based on the revelation is gradually eroded by the idea of natural ethics, the two being mutually and reciprocally dependend. The second section analyses the ethical idea according to the opinions of the revolutionaries. The same themes are taken up again and studied in the context of the revolution in order to fully grasp the evolution and the interrelations that they imply. We demonstrate that from natural ethics to republican ethics, it is not the definition of the ethical idea that changes but rather its modalities of distribution and application. In the third section, we deal with the question of the distribution of the ethical idea in the french society through the various institutions created by the revolutionaries, while the fourth section analyses the processes of appropriation and reception of the message by the popular classes
Champs, Emmanuelle de. "La déontologie politique ou La pensée constitutionnelle de Jeremy Bentham /." Genève : Droz, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb412227312.
Full textTiesset, Laurent. "L'image de Néron au théâtre : étude dramaturgique, morale et politique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030039.
Full textFrom Roman History, Nero calls attention to him because he both symbolizes the top of the criminal figures and the highest slaughtering actor. This opposition is drawned by all the playwrights from Pseudo-Seneca till Racine who casts the last portrait of the Roman murderer in the climax of the French classicism. However, the Italian poet Alfieri contests this idea. He draws a threatened, distrusted and frightened imperator. To continue this thought, the French Revolution shows on stage Nero’s death. With Legouvé, the dangerous artist commits suicide on stage. The blood, which droops over the scene, translates the end of the French classicism and the beginning of a new area : romanticism. Soumet finishes Britannicus describing a Nero fond of Greek plays. The matricide is set to music and dances by the bombastic murder. Killing his mother is a lyrical party. Nero the bloodthirsty practices playing as well as slaughtering. The decay ! of, Nero’s picture provides a real comic vision of beheading. Marceau looks at the master of offences as a dangerous fool : his jokes are pitiful. In the opposite, Hubay succeeds in painting a hilarious despot : the cleverest performer of the Roman world. He uses to entertain the audience by “kil-ling jokes” ! He brilliantly turns death to performance. To conclude, Nero’s image is reversed. He becomes a comical dictator
Sabéran, Shirine. "L' économie politique peut-elle se passer de la morale ?" Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010050.
Full textBalázs, Péter. "La philosophie politique et morale du marquis d'Argenson (1694-1757)." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010617.
Full textWalfard, Adrien. "Tragédie, morale et politique dans l’Europe moderne : le cas César." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040110.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the functions of moral and political thought in modern tragedy (16th-18th centuries), focusing on a group of Neo-Latin, French, Italian and English plays which represent the death of the Roman dictator Julius Caesar, as well as on Corneille’s Cinna. In order to provoke the tragic emotions, a fable must represent a character or a group of characters whose fall from happiness into mishap is a consequence of a morally or politically ambiguous “flaw”. This sequence is particularly tragic when the “flaw” is at least partially unintentional and results from a kind of necessity : tragedy thus manifests the importance of “moral luck”. The ambiguity of the tragic “flaw” may arise from different circumstances ; in the plays representing the death of Caesar it consists on the one hand in the antinomies which the characters must face, on the other hand in the fact that their motivations appear in some ways contrary to the arguments they use in order to justify themselves. Modern tragedy is profoundly extraneous to contemporary casuistry (as developed in the rhetorical theory of invention, in moral and political philosophy and in historical writing), in that it leaves moral and political “cases” unsolved. However, Cinna, the first happy-ending tragedy in the French theatre, shows how reconciliation and a morally and politically satisfying ending are possible despite the tragic antinomies
Klaus, Enrique. "De la morale au politique : médias, public et scandalisation en Egypte." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENH026.
Full textThis thesis grounds in ethnomethodology and it tackles with the issue of scandals, as social phenomena in its own right, and with its relationship to politics. Through a detailed analysis of two cases of scandal that broke out in Egypt in 2005 and 2006, my approach consists in taking the scandal in consideration in itself and for itself, in order to observe in context and in action its specific mechanisms of unfolding in the Egyptian public space under the rule of Hosni Mubarak. In other words, I am concerned with describing and analyzing the method through which a public phenomenon such as a scandal occurs. On this basis, I consider how this latter can achieve a political relevancy, whatever the “facts” which are denounced in the course of its unfolding. This thesis is thus dedicated to a double clarification. On the one hand, it aims at clarifying the “nature” of scandals, through the examination of the methodological practices which are constitutive of it. On the other hand, by way of comparing a case taking on a political relevancy in the course of its unfolding with another case which is apolitical, it aims at taking it out of an all-encompassing-political-explanation and at analyzing how politization can occur in a contingent fashion. In sum, this clarification aims at delimiting political sciences' domain of competency with regards to phenomena giving “flesh” to public space in Egypt, through the analysis of scandals
Fache, Philippe. "Lutter contre l'immoralité : contribution à une sociologie politique des croisades morales (l'exemple de la Troisième République, de 1873 aux années 1920)." Lille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL20021.
Full textWith the chaotic beginning of the Third Republic, some men lay the foundations of a "moral cruisade" whose main purpose is to fight against what might work towards the moral decay of the country. These "electric years" during which historiography accumulates designations such as intellectual and political "crisis", a well-organised movement, in the form of a myriad of Leagues of Virtues, shared out among the whole territory, is emerging, attempting to set the moral issue in the heart of the social and political preoccupations. This moral cruisade is not only propelled by a fierce ambition to protect the accepted standards of good behaviour and "public morality" but above a027263312ll, it claims, in a context of secularisation of moral regulation, the legitimate position of "moral sentinel". .
Druwe, Ulrich. "Moralische Pluralität : Grundlegung einer analytischen Ethik der Politik /." Würzburg : Königshausen & Neumann, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37161368f.
Full textKabe-Kagne, Sylvain. "Machiavélisme, Politique et Réalisme." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30041.
Full textThe dissertation we deal with is entitled Machiavelianism: Politics and Realism. Five chapters structure it. Right from the beginning, it has been posited that Machiavelli's political thought is inherent to the Italian social and political context of the XVth and XVIth centuries. Italy was peculiarly in turmoil during this period because some of its provinces were besieged by France and Spain. Machiavelli's deep thought consists in seeing Italy free from the barbarians. Machiavelli has described the mechanism of power, the struggle for its conquest, its confiscation, the confrontation of personal ambitions. How to govern men? To this question, Machiavelli states that the Prince has to behave as a fox and lion in order to unravel traps and threaten the wolves. His bestiality is therefore double-shaped. That is the political realism, thereby. The one who wants the end has to justify the specific means to reach them as well; even though these means supposedly contradict the up-dated ideology. Neither morality nor principles have to embarass the Prince when the question of governing the city is posed. We have analyzed Machavelianism and the concept is inseparable from the state reason. The state reason is ordinarily associated with the political power, all moral and judicial limits cleared off. Finally, a link has been made between Machiavelianism and the XXth century dictatorships
Piñeyro, Rosina. "La corruption entre le désir et la mort du politique." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010669.
Full textVerret-Hamelin, Antoine. "L'entreprise et le politique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29837/29837.pdf.
Full textMorel, Julie. "Les paradoxes du politique en architecture : Francis Soler, entre éthique et esthétique." Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA084132.
Full textHow to not think about architecture in cooperation with politic as soon as the current events show how cultural, environmental and socioeconomic reference shifts and engages more than ever the questioning of the common good and the role of everything in each in its participation of the world? By the light of this report, this thesis suggests to identify through the analysis and understanding of the architect Francis Soler the links which unite architecture and politics. The general postulate of this research picks out the paradoxical situation of the links which unites architecture and politic. They convene the ethic as the aesthetic redefining the architect’s practice. Confronted to its environment fall over, the contemporary architect would then have no other choice than strongly changing to its political proposition. Two different research lines are expended. The first one wonders politic as an environment and allows us to evaluate those in power paradox. It relates to creating a debate around the political environment of the architecture, meaning that to identify the game of the actors which sets up the production, or co-production of the architecture in France. The second line wonders the existence of the architecture of politic that is to say the aesthetic modality transcription of the architect’s ethics. Operating a crossing with Hannah Arendt’s thought, Francis Soler’s work is readable through his never ending and repeating process research engaging the creation of always new world. This process questions the politic manufacture modalities of the architectural project, estimating the paradox of democracy
Gnassounou, Bruno. "De l'obligation morale à l'obligation politique : Essai sur le formalisme en philosophie." Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA1022.
Full textTegos, Spyridon. "Le concept des sentiments sociaux dans la philosophie politique classique (XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles)." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100031.
Full textBenoît, Jean-Louis. "Tocqueville moraliste." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN1347.
Full textPandelon, Gérald. "Esquisse d'analyse du mensonge en politique : les exemples de la France sous la Ve République et de l'Espagne post-franquiste." Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX32058.
Full textPattaroni, Luca. "Politique de la responsabilité : promesses et limites d'un monde fondé sur l'autonomie." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0136.
Full textThe thesis tackles the question of the central position occupied, in our contemporary society, by the model of the autonomous and responsible individual. Confronted with the increase of the various calls to responsibility, we decided to analyse what is at stake, politically and morally, when the ordering of the society is based on individual responsibility. This particular "politics of responsibility "carries at the same time promises and limits. Promises are related to the specific forms of common good which are made possible through responsible behaviours, such as a just order based on formal rules. Limits appear with the tyrannical effect due to the specific shaping of the person which is required for her to comply with such an order. A double empirical investigation, on social work and collective life in squatted houses, allowed us to analyse more substantially those problems and to open the question of the relation between liberalism and pluralism
Sauvé, Guillaume. "La morale à l’épreuve de la politique : la pensée politique de l’intelligentsia libérale soviétique de l’époque de la perestroïka." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0040/document.
Full textThis dissertation is inspired by a paradoxical phenomenon in recent Russian political history: the support for the concentration of power in the hands of an “enlightened elite” by a large numbers of distinguished figures of the liberal intelligentsia, who thus favored the conditions of the demise of their own political project. Based on a contextual study of the political thought of authors who were at the heart of the debates at the time, this research sheds light on the specific moral perspective of the liberal intelligentsia. It also demonstrates how these moral assumptions and ideals were challenged in the crucible of pluralist politics, from 1989 on. One of the main conclusions of this study is to question a pervasive presumption of similarity between the ideas of Soviet liberals and the Western liberal canon. Indeed, the moral project of perestroika, as it was conceived by Soviet liberals, did not aim at the guarantee of individual independence and state neutrality about the definition of the good. It was rather a perfectionist project in which the reformers were expected to create the political and economical conditions of the thriving of a substantial good, by way of the dismantling of the administrative and ideological control of the communist system. This does not mean, however, that Soviet liberals were merely ‘immature’ or ‘utopian’ in their understanding of politics, as they are also accused of. We argue that it is more fruitful to situate their association of democratization with moral renewal in a long tradition of reflection, in Western political philosophy, on the institutional and moral conditions for the foundation of freedom
França, Freitas Vinícius. "Thomas Reid sur les premiers principes de la connaissance spéculative, morale et politique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H221.
Full textThis thesis aims to discuss Thomas Reid’s (1710-1796) theory of the first principles of knowledge, more particularly, the first principles of philosophy of mind, morals and politics. In the first chapter, I discuss Reid’s foundationalist commitments in philosophy of mind, morals and politics. I argue that he is clearly a foundationalist about speculative and moral knowledge, but it is not clear if he keeps foundationalist commitments with regard to political knowledge – the first principles of politics are not self-evident beliefs: they are not justified from the start and, therefore, they do not have what is needed for being basic beliefs in a foundationalist view of the structure of knowledge. In the second chapter, I discuss Reid’s understanding of the sources of speculative, moral and political knowledge, namely, common sense and knowledge of mankind. I argue that while philosophy of mind and morals are based upon the first principles of common sense – immediate and irresistible beliefs due to the original constitution of mind, politics is based upon first principles of the knowledge of mankind – beliefs that are due to a mixture of the sagacity and the experience of the political scientist who lives among other human beings in a political society. In the third chapter, I try to explain Reid’s comprehension on the first principles of philosophy of mind, morals and politics. I try to explain what a first principle of knowledge is, how to understand the distinction between the principles of contingent and necessary truths and what the means we have to identify the first principles of knowledge are. The fourth and last chapter is entirely dedicated to common sense. More particularly, I discuss how Reid defends the first principles of common sense from the skeptical attack
Larue, Rémi. ""Ni victimes ni bourreaux" : morale et politique de la violence chez Albert Camus." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0074.
Full textIn a context of revolutions, wars and other forms of violence, Camus and many of his contemporaries started to reflect on the issue of violence because they were concerned about reflecting on an era particularly marked by its concrete consequences worldwide. This PhD dissertation shows to what extent the way Camus addresses this philosophical problem is thoroughly representative of his time while being quite original. Its originality lies in the way Camus built his approach and tried to depict violence in its full diversity. In Camus’s approach, not only is violence diverse because he mentions different forms of violence – children’s fights, the cruel reality of war and revolution, suicides and murders – but also because he depicts a wide range of perpetrators of violence. This diversity made it possible to try to identify and analyse the specificities of what makes a moral and political approach to violence which emerged during World War Two and which was based on the writer’s experience as a member of the Resistance. Focusing on the diversity of violence has also enabled to dismiss other ways of approaching the issue of violence such as thinking about the sources of violence by attempting to explain them or investigating on the innate violent dimension in human beings. The lines of approach chosen by Camus and the stands he took are also what makes his conception of violence original. Because Camus was solicitous about focusing on the consequences of violence on human beings and not so much solicitous about comprehending its essence, his stances could be summed up by the expression “Ni victimes ni bourreaux” which has been defined as Camus’s guideline in his reflection on violence. Throughout his life, Camus was committed to ensuring some continuity in his stances and reflections on violence while he opted for different means of expression and different literary genres. Using the image of the spiral of political violence, this dissertation attempts at providing an in-depth analysis of the elements constitutive of Camus’s approach consisting in limiting violence rather than trying to eradicate it. This perspective has enabled to bring to the fore Camus’s will to favour dialogue as a limit to violent acts. It has also revealed the idea that the decolonisation in Algeria – a real wrench in Camus’s works and intellectual journey – put Camus’s approach to the test of reality. The perspective chosen in this dissertation is that of intellectual history, building bridges between history, literature, philosophy and political science. Camus was convinced that his personal experience should be the main source of inspiration for his creation. Thus, his literary and intellectual works have been valued as much as the context in which they were written: the texts studied have always been read in the light of the historical context and intellectual debates in which they were set
Zambiras, Ariane. "La politiquée inspirée : religion et imaginaire politique aux Etats-Unis." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0063.
Full textParticipant observation in one Catholic parish and Iwo Presbyterian congregations highlights the role played by religion in the formation of political judgment, the intertwining of political and religious socialization, and the hybridization of the resulting social imaginaries. Ethnographic inquiry in these three religious communities shows that churches are places where political and religious socialization in taking place. The study of humor events and of interstitial moments, those set apart from the official life of the institution, reveal a lot about how this political and religious socialization operates. In order to capture the effects of this double socialization on the social imaginaries of people, believers are interviewed about the following public controversies: creationism capital punishment, abortion, gay marriage, global warrning and immigration. The study of the repertoires used by people to justify their position in those debates brings to Iight religion's capacity to influence the construction of a sense of justice, and the role it plays in the drawing of symbolic boundaries around the "us". The research shows that other repertoires, such as that of "performance" and "science" sometimes compete with or even supplant the religious repertoire
Ulqinaku-Shtalbi, Lindita. "Conceptualisation du rapport entre phénoménologie et politique : repenser l’action politique chez Hannah Arendt." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080032.
Full textThis thesis proposes to analyse certain alarming developments of our time in crisis. Indeed, few philosophers develop a thought as original as that of Hannah Arendt in understanding the great political experiences of our time. The whole work of this political thinker reflects her firm determination to rethink the conditions for the possibility of political action in a world where it is difficult to understand politics as a plural space of deliberation. Despite Arendt’s willingness to focus on questions that essentially concern politics, her critical reading of modernity takes place within a very Heideggerian conceptual framework. Like Heidegger, she sees phenomenology as the only philosophical method capable of answering questions related to human existence. Certainly, she develops her theory of action in the context of a disturbing process of modernity where the desire to rely on reason destroys any capacity for action in man. Adopting the method of deconstruction, Arendt asks whether action is still possible, whether politics - the real place of power, initiative and collective discussion - still makes sense. Her entire analysis converges on a single goal: to respond to the contemporary challenges of the disappearance of the common world. Needless to say that in the Arendtian view the institution of man as a being of this world makes sense only through the institution of the space-that-is-between-men. Finally, this thesis intends to show that politics, which is increasingly deserted by men, is part of the process of building a common world
Dargent, Claude. "La foi, la morale et le conflit : culture et comportements politiques et sociaux des protestants français." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010308.
Full textTo this day, french protestants continue to behave in particular ways even if the degree and the form of those specificities have greatly changed all thoug the contempory period. Thus, the originality of their political behaviour has desappeared when compared to the french population as a whole, while it persists when compared with that of catholics. That is the result of the evolution of the conflict that opposed for a long time the two denominations, a conflict on which the cultural affinities between protestantism and democracy have been superimposed. The cultural specificity of the french protestants can still be found in the stricter moral approach, which still today differentiates them from the catholics in matters of sexual and family ethics. And it is also in the particularities of their system of values that we must look for the explanation of the specific fields of protestants'associative commitments more than in aspects of activist sociability. Finally, the cultural element seems to have to be taken into account to explain their early commitment to the capitalist spirit in the modern age, even if this process has never been strong enough to alter significantly the social structure of this denomination
Giammattei, Joseph. "Le message politique de Jean-Paul Marat." Corte, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CORT1000.
Full textMarat after going deeper into man's mind, mechanisms and physical rudiments that govern it, assenes abilities and failings of man. A political approach of the situation of social man, leads the author to analyse the system used for enslawing mankind. He determines responsabilities and then makes on a list of technics and attitudes of mind for cure
Neger, Gildas Robert. "L'évolution du système juridique de financement de la vie politique française : critiques des arguments dans le cadre de la recherche des voies de légitimation du régime juridique relatif au financement de la vie politique." Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE0017.
Full textGafouri, Ala'a. "Islam et économie : réflexions sur les principes fondamentaux de l'économie islamique." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010506.
Full textZouaoui, Rachid. "Ethique, droit et politique chez Jürgen Habermas." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10120.
Full textDrainville, André C. "La valeur morale et les déterminants de la politique étrangère États-Unienne, 1968-1984." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5005.
Full textChouraqui, Léon. "Contribution à la connaissance de la pensée littéraire, morale et politique de Bernard Lazare." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX10020.
Full textBoudou, Benjamin. "Théorie politique de l'hospitalité : les relations de pouvoir aux frontières des communautés politiques." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0060.
Full textIn this dissertation, the author raises the following question: Why, how, and with which consequences does hospitality become a political concept? The author shows how different political traditions have used this concept in order to determine the way a political community should relate to foreigners. Hospitality serves a double objective: First, it helps determining the status of foreigners, then, it justifies the practical balance between inclusion and exclusion at the borders. Thus, hospitality appears to be both a historically bound solution to the problem of the legitimation of boundaries, and a tool for problematizing the relations between communities and foreigners. The author brings to light different moments of problematization of hospitality: In a first genealogical part, he determines a ritual relation, which allows to channel the strangeness of the newcomer, a reciprocal relation, which makes possible a contract with the citizens, a social relation, which defines hospitality as a duty to protect the weak, a juridical relation, which creates subjects of law, and a relation based on obligation, as it is conceptualized by natural law theorists. In a second normative part, the author proceeds in reconstructing a political concept of hospitality that could be compatible with modern values. He analyses an ethical relation, based on the idea of an unconditional hospitality, a political relation that dismisses hospitality, as it can be found in post-Rawlsian political theory, and a democratic relation, which bases migratory justice on non-domination
MILOVIC, MIROSLAV. "Raison theorique et raison pratique dans leur rapport a la communaute ethique et politique." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040083.
Full textThis work represents an attent in reconstruction and grounding pratical philosophy. In the traditional, aristotelian context of the discussion, the practical is separated from theorical, and, within the framework of the practical, the traditional approach tried to reach the unity of ethis and politics. This structure of relationsmip does not problematize its own metaphysical assumptions any further. In the perspective of the modern era, the questions of the metaphysics of "grounding" become the questions on reflections, i. E. ,the thematization of the thinking itself. Both the questions of the theoretical and the questions of the pratical presuppose constituting, modern subjectivity. The relation. Smip between ethics and politics goes through different stages : it starts out with machiavellian attitude on the primacy of the political ; than goes through the kantian stage featured by the thesis of the primacy of the ethics; finaly, it gets to the hegelian thesis about their speculative unity. The third fart of this woru starts out with the belief that modern philosophy is not radical enough and that it is not immune from sceptical objections. Related to this, the language prapquatics, as a more radical solution to the statuts of the theoretical and practical, is being discused at the very end of this work
Paquet, André. "L'image de l'homme politique grec dans la cité hellénistique d'après Polybe." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17642.
Full textBroussois, Lisa. "Francis Hutcheson et la politique du sens moral." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010583.
Full textThis study focuses on the moment when Francis Hutcheson’s philosophy, in its moral, epistemological and legal aspects, contributes to elaborating questionings and innovative practical solutions to deal with the issues of modern politics. To answer the question “What is the politics of moral sense?”, it must be considered that each individual possesses a natural, immediate and involuntary sense of morality. This moral sense is the criterion of judgement of the best political action depending on two aims: preservation of peace and social harmony; and the pursuit of happiness, that is, the greatest happiness for the greatest number. Even if individuals are not always able to act with the best means for a political and ethical purpose, all are able to judge what should be done. The politics of moral sense considers 1. How the state of nature is a state of liberty where a natural sociability is described, independently of the creation of civil and political institutions; and in parallel, what are the conditions of a return to such a state, based on a moral and political education. 2. How civil society and government are created with trust, or in other words, with an artifice. 3. Finally, how the protection of inalienable rights can be guaranteed with the concept of political responsibility, involving risking one’s life in support of the common interest
Esta pesquisa se situa onde a filosofia de Francis Hutcheson, nos seus aspectos morais, epistemologicos e juridicos, contribui a elaborar questionamentos e soluçoes inovadoras e prâticas, para o tratamento dos problemas da politica moderna. Para responder à questào « o que é a politica do senso moral ? », deve-se considerar que existe um senso da moralidade natural, imediato e involontârio em cada indivfduo. Este senso é o critério de julgamento da melhor açào politica, segundo dois objetivos : a manutençao da paz e da hannonia social e a persecuçào da felicidade, quai seja o maior bem para o maior nùmero. Mesmo se os individuos nem sempre podem agir pelo melhor meio em vista de um firn politico e ético, todos estào aptos a julgar acerca do que comvém fazer. A politica do senso moral considera assim : 1. Como o estado de natureza é um estado de libertdade, no quai uma sociabilidade natural esta configurada, independentemente da criaçào das instituiçoes civis e politicas e igualmente, quais sào as condiçoes para retorno a tal estado, a partir da educaçào moral e politica. 2. Corno a sociedade civil e o governo ocupam seu lugar com um consentimento, ou seja, um artiffcio. 3. Enfim, como a proteçào dos direitos inalienâveis pode ser assegurada corn o conceito de responsabilidade politica, implicando atTiscar sua vida em favor do interesse comum
Wola, Bangala Charles. "Politique éthique et Paix : du principe de "publicité" dans la philosophie pratique de Kant à la formation morale de la conscience politique." St. Ottilien EOS-Verl, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3108409&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
Full textWola, Bangala Charles. "Politique éthique et paix du principe de publicité dans la philosophie pratique de Kant à la formation morale de la conscience politique." St. Ottilien EOS, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988745763/04.
Full textContreras, Guala Carlos. "Éthique et politique dans l'œuvre de Jacques Derrida." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/145514641#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textMany authors agree that the second half of the 20th century seemed to be marked by a certain disinterest in the ethical and political arenas. That is why Deconstruction has been accused of immorality and irresponsibility. However, when reading Derrida's Deconstruction texts, some specialists have attempted to discover and reveal the relationships he established between politics, ethics, and Deconstruction. These specialists claim that there is an ethical and political turn in Derrida's work. In this thesis, we propose, firstly, that both politics and ethics are present in Derrida's work. Secondly, that if there are any ethical and political implications in Derrida's writings, they would not constitute a turn but an evolution of a way of thinking actively involved in ethical and political aporias. In the first part, we present the difficulties any reader might encounter when reading Derrida. The second part is devoted to the development of concepts such as responsibility, decision, justice and what we call Deconstruction's aporetic structure. The third part deals with the relationship between literature and democracy. In the fourth part, we examine the notion of involvement through the concepts of responsibility, decision, and Derrida's opinions about the mass media. Finally, we explore the concepts of ethics and politics and also the necessity for Deconstruction when thinking about the conditions of possibility and impossibility of those concepts
Muchos autores coinciden al afirmar que la segunda mitad del siglo recién pasado aparece marcada por la percepción de cierta despreocupación por el ámbito ético y político. Es así que la desconstrucción ha sido acusada de inmoralismo e irresponsabilidad. Sin embargo, también ha habido ciertos lectores que abordan directamente las relaciones entre política, ética y desconstrucción con el propósito de revelar y exponer dichas relaciones. En general, estos últimos lectores postulan que habría un ethical and political turn en la obra derrideana. Frente a estos problemas se pretende plantear, por una parte, que el problema de lo político y lo ético en la obra de Jacques Derrida está presente y, por otra parte, que, en efecto, si hay implicancias ético-políticas en los escritos derrideanos, éstas no se configurarían como un turn, sino que se trataría más bien de la evolución de un pensamiento comprometido en las aporías de lo ético-político. La Primera Parte se presentan las dificultades que plantea la escritura de Jacques Derrida ante cualquier lector que se aventure en sus textos. La Segunda Parte está consagrada al desarrollo de las nociones de responsabilidad, decisión, justicia y de lo que llamaremos estructura aporética de la desconstrucción. La Tercera Parte se ocupa de la relación entre la literatura y la democracia. La Cuarta Parte hará un examen de la noción de compromiso a través de una revisión de los conceptos de responsabilidad, decisión, y de las opiniones de Derrida a propósito de los media. Por último, intentamos una aproximación a los conceptos de ética y política, y a la necesidad de la desconstrucción para poder pensar las condiciones de posibilidad – y de imposibilidad –, de dichos conceptos
Pasteur, Julien. "Généalogie du spirituel républicain français dans la philosophie sociale, morale et politique du XIXème siècle." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100098.
Full textThe idea of the spiritual as it relates to republicanism – the “republican spiritual” – is, in France, more intuitively felt than it is rationally conceived. While the phrase carries a certain conceptual density, historians and philosophers normally agree that this idea is to be sought in the political and social doctrines of the Third Republic – for example, in the doctrines of solidarity and secularism and in the laws on education. This work shows that the “republican spiritual” cannot be reduced to a touch of soul, or to any form of moral guarantee intended to overcome the last scrupules of a disenchanted politics. In this way, its genealogy needs to be particularly enlarged. It has its origin in the wake of the French Revolution, as the events of 1789 required both a political interpretation of belief as well as its anthropological reconfiguration. The common point among the authors studied here (Joseph de Maistre, Auguste Comte, Jules Michelet, Alexis de Tocqueville, Émile Durkheim) is that the position they took on this issue is diametrically opposed to ours today. These authors, starting from the standpoint that the spiritual question is the only one that has not been resolved, struggle to understand the status – problematic in modern democracy – of a spiritual regime. It is thus within the most anachronistic elements of the body of work studied here – that is, the endurance of the religious in a supposedly scientific century – that the notion of the “republican spiritual” finds its origin. At risk of a formless philanthropic syncretism, menaced by its confrontation with three of the main ideologies of the 19th century (traditionalism, liberalism, and socialism), this intellectual tradition only preserves its identity by justifying its qualification as republican