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Journal articles on the topic 'Morocco Rabat'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

El Androusse, Amal, Aicha El Aissami, Mohamed Rahouti, Houria Lahlou, Samira BenN Abdellah, and Françoise Seigle Murandi. "First record of three species of Pythium from Moroccan waters." Acta Botanica Malacitana 32 (December 1, 2007): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v32i0.7027.

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ABSTRACT. First record of three species of Pythium from Moroccan waters. Species of Pythium, including P.torulosum, P.catenulatum and P. “Group F”, isolated from dam near Rabat city (capital of Morocco) in northern Africa, are described. Taxonomic and morphological details of the fungi are discussed. This work is the first report of these species from Moroccan waters.Keywords. Antheridia, biodiversity, Morocco, oogonia, Pythium, sporangia.RESUMEN. Primeras citas de tres especies de Pythium para Marruecos. Se describen especies de Pythium, incluyendo P. torulosum, P. catenulatum y P. “Group F”, aislados cerca de la ciudad de Rabat (Marruecos) en el norte de Africa. Se discuten detalles taxonómicos y morfológicos del hongo. Este trabajo es la primera refencia de estas especies en aguas de Marruecos.Palabras clave. Anteridios, biodiversidad, Marruecos, oogonios, Pythium, esporangios.

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2

Tykhonenko, Iryna. "Evolution of the multilateral cooperation between the Kingdom of Morocco and the European Union: from political to values dimension." European Historical Studies, no. 14 (2019): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2019.14.31-42.

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The article focuses on one of the current areas of European Union cooperation within the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership, namely with the Kingdom of Morocco. The official Rabat has both a historical basis for cooperation with the EU (colonial past) and an established dialogue with the European Union from associate membership to the acquisition of a special partnership status in 2008. The purpose of Morocco’s special status in the EU is to: strengthen dialogue and cooperation in the field of politics and security; gradual integration of Morocco into the EU internal market through approximation of legislation and regulations. The main directions and areas of multilateral cooperation between Morocco and the EU are highlighted especially Rabat ties with leading European powers (notably France and Spain) as implementation of bilateral level and at the level of integration with EU as political body. It is revealed that the acquisition of a special status in cooperation with the EU aims to deepen cooperation not only in the economic, security and energy spheres, but also the human dimension of bilateral relations, which affects human rights and cultural and humanitarian level of relations. In particular, the topical agenda for bilateral Moroccan-European relations is migration issues, the problem of Western Sahara, which complicate dialogue somewhat. The leading role in Morocco’s relations with EU Member States is played by dialogue within the Francophonie, as well as interpersonal contacts in the fields of culture, education and science. These contacts are closely maintained between Morocco, France and Spain, and implemented the EU’s values policy mentioned in the Association Agreement. It is revealed that cultural cooperation plays a positive role in the fight against religious extremism and civil society building.

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3

Jiménez López, Javier, María Talavera Solís, Carlos Sánchez Casimiro-Soriguer, Anass Terrab Benjelloun, and Salvador Talavera Lozano. "Tipificación de Crepis bursifolia y su distribución en Marruecos. Typification of Crepis bursifolia and chorology in Morocco." Acta Botanica Malacitana 38 (December 1, 2013): 222–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v38i0.2634.

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Typification of Crepis bursifolia and chorology in Morocco Palabras clave. Tipificación, sinonimias, corología, Casablanca, Rabat, Tánger. Key words. Typification, sinonimy, chorology, Casablanca, Rabat, Tanger.

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4

Robertshaw, David. "Successful Training of Biological Scientists in Developing Countries." Physiology 4, no. 6 (December 1, 1989): 248–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.1989.4.6.248.

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Moroccan Physiologists are more likely to sustain their research Productivity when they return home after US doctoral training because of the program that has been carried out at the Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire in Rabat, Morocco, and funded by the US Agency for International Development.

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5

Barone, Sabina, and Mehdi Alioua. "To Accompany and to Observe: Engaged Scholarship and Social Change Vis-à-Vis Sub-Saharan Transmigration in Morocco." Migration and Society 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arms.2021.040117.

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In this interview with Sabina Barone, Mehdi Alioua—Sociology Professor at the Université Internationale de Rabat (International University of Rabat), Morocco—reflects on the transformations that Sub-Saharan African migration has brought to Moroccan society over the last two decades, in particular with reference to identity and the denominations of the foreign others, the internal and regional dynamics of (im)mobility, and the challenges to social coexistence and national migration policies. He proposes conceptual categories such as "transmigrant,” “migration by stages,” and “migratory crossroads” to capture the complexity of the mobile experiences unfolding in Morocco. Based on his trajectory of engaged scholarship in favor of migrants and refugees, he calls for a renewed South-South and North-South academic collaboration and cross-fertilization through small scale, bottom-up research made possible by friendship among scholars.

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Ilham, Nattah, Amina Ouazzani Touhami, Rachid Benkirane, Mohamed El Kortbi, and Allal Douira. "Lichens of the Hassan Tower Monument (Rabat, Morocco)." Atlas Journal of Biology 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5147/ajb.2012.0059.

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Nattah, Ilham, Amina Ouazzani Touhami, Rachid Benkirane, Mohamed El Kortbi, and Allal Douira. "Lichens of the Hassan Tower Monument (Rabat, Morocco)." Atlas Journal of Biology 2, no. 1 (2012): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5147/ajb.v2i1.15.

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8

Lachgar, A., M. A. Tazi, M. Afif, A. Er-Raki, T. Kebdani, and N. Benjaafar. "Lung cancer: Incidence and survival in Rabat, Morocco." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 64, no. 6 (December 2016): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2016.02.012.

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9

Laamrani, Bouchra, and Mounir Zouiten. "HERITAGE AND TERRITORY PROJECT: CASE OF RABAT (MOROCCO)." Journal of Social Sciences 4, no. 3 (September 2021): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2021.4(3).15.

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To counterbalance the stakes of globalization and generalized competition, territories are compelled to build and manage their territorial attractiveness which is, often, driven by a comparative or even a differentiating advantage. Aware of these issues, the actors of the city of Rabat have undertaken territorialized actions. Indeed, the built fabric of this city is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. In addition, the city has adopted an integrated urban development program. This article aims to examine the reconciliation between the heritage status of the city and the urban projects undertaken within the framework of this program. The analysis is based on a documentary study.

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Watts, Andrew, and Ross Kunchev. "Briefing: Grand Théâtre de Rabat, Morocco – a case study." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Construction Materials 172, no. 3 (June 2019): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jcoma.18.00034.

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11

Pandey, V. S., A. Dakkak, and M. Elmamoune. "Parasites of stray dogs in the Rabat region, Morocco." Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 81, no. 1 (January 1987): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00034983.1987.11812090.

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Chaouki, Noureddine, F. Xavier Bosch, Nubia Muñoz, Chris J. L. M. Meijer, Brahim El Gueddari, Abbes El Ghazi, Judith Deacon, Xavier Castellsagué, and Jan M. M. Walboomers. "The viral origin of cervical cancer in Rabat, Morocco." International Journal of Cancer 75, no. 4 (February 9, 1998): 546–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19980209)75:4<546::aid-ijc9>3.0.co;2-t.

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13

El Maghraoui, Abdellah, Boris A. Koumba, Imane Jroundi, Lahsen Achemlal, Ahmed Bezza, and Mohamed A. Tazi. "Epidemiology of hip fractures in 2002 in Rabat, Morocco." Osteoporosis International 16, no. 6 (September 28, 2004): 597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00198-004-1729-8.

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Langué, Yvon. "Giving contours to invisible figures: Post-reflections on Migrations. Narratives. Movements. exhibition at Villa des Arts, Rabat." Crossings: Journal of Migration & Culture 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/cjmc.10.1.43_1.

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Noticing the growing precariousness of migrants in Morocco, ‘Giving contours to invisible figures’ is a commentary on the lessons learned from my collaboration with ‘Arts for Advocacy’ on Migrations. Narratives. Movements., an exhibition held at Villa des Arts, Rabat. The article engages with migration in the broad sense, and how it is addressed by curatorial practice. It discusses the display’s theoretical apparatus in the light of bold uncertainties due to the invisibility of the figure of the migrant, and the apparent disjuncture of my expectations with regard to the Moroccan context. I argue that the subject of migration calls for a widening of the borders of curatorial practice, at least in Morocco, precisely because of the geographies of mobility, heterogeneous ideas of globalization and common sense overlap.

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15

Bahji, Zineb Bahji. "Ahmed Cherkaoui : Entre Modernité et Enracinement, Museum Mohammed VI for Modern and Contemporary Arts (MMVI), Rabat, Morocco, 27.03.2018 - 27.08.2018." Museum and Society 17, no. 1 (March 10, 2019): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v17i1.2977.

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The exhibition Ahmed Cherkaoui: Entre Modernité et Enracinement, Museum Mohammed VI for Modern and Contemporary Arts (MMVI),Rabat,Morocco, 27.03.2018 - 27.08.2018 was held in a succession of art exhibitions that Museum Mohammed VI has programmed since its creation in 2014 to preserve, promote and celebrate the national arts of Morocco. The exhibition introduced and represented the artworks of one of the iconic founders of Moroccan modern painting in post-colonial Morocco, a leading figure who experimented with material and content to create a harmonious and mystic synthesis of the traditional and the modern. Through a varied set of abstract paintings and drawings, the exhibition illustrated and interpreted Cherkaoui's works, and it narrated the life of this artist to show how his hybrid cultural experience influenced his creation. Cherkaoui's fascination with the popular signs and decorative symbols of his civilization and his passion for abstraction in modern art inspired a unique plastic vocabulary and style that marked the birth, development and history of modern art inMorocco.

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Saadaoui, Rabade. "Barriers to women’s mobility. Case of Rabat - Morocco = Barreras para la movilidad de las mujeres. El caso de Rabat, Marruecos." Territorios en formación, no. 16 (December 29, 2019): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.20868/tf.2019.16.4322.

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AbstractMorocco is one of the developing countries that suffer from gender mobility and transport issues. In several Moroccan cities, women have many limitations in terms of transport accessibility, safety and mobility patterns in general. The factors remain diverse, from Moroccan culture to the multiple responsibilities that women shoulder as employees, mothers, homemakers, etc. In this sense, this paper focuses on the topic of barriers to women’s mobility in the city of Rabat (capital of Morocco), a reasonably representative city with a variety of means of transport which will allow to better understand the factors that influence women’s mobility and the problems they face in their daily life. The article also contains some recommendations for solving this growing problem and integrating a new planning approach that takes gender into consideration.ResumenMarruecos es uno de los países en desarrollo que sufre problemas de movilidad y transporte en cuanto a género se refiere. En varias ciudades marroquíes, las mujeres tienen muchas limitaciones en términos de accesibilidad al transporte, patrones de seguridad y movilidad en general. Los factores siguen siendo diversos, desde la cultura marroquí hasta las múltiples responsabilidades que las mujeres asumen como empleadas, madres, amas de casa, etc. En este sentido, este documento se centra en el tema de las barreras para la movilidad de las mujeres en la ciudad de Rabat (capital de Marruecos), una ciudad razonablemente representativa con una variedad de medios de transporte que permitirá comprender mejor los factores que influyen en la movilidad de las mujeres y los problemas que enfrentan en su vida diaria. El artículo también contiene algunas recomendaciones para resolver este problema creciente e integrar un nuevo enfoque de planificación que tenga en cuenta el género.

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Saadaoui, Rabade. "Barriers to women’s mobility. Case of Rabat - Morocco = Barreras para la movilidad de las mujeres. El caso de Rabat, Marruecos." Territorios en formación, no. 16 (December 29, 2019): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.20868/tf.2020.16.4322.

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AbstractMorocco is one of the developing countries that suffer from gender mobility and transport issues. In several Moroccan cities, women have many limitations in terms of transport accessibility, safety and mobility patterns in general. The factors remain diverse, from Moroccan culture to the multiple responsibilities that women shoulder as employees, mothers, homemakers, etc. In this sense, this paper focuses on the topic of barriers to women’s mobility in the city of Rabat (capital of Morocco), a reasonably representative city with a variety of means of transport which will allow to better understand the factors that influence women’s mobility and the problems they face in their daily life. The article also contains some recommendations for solving this growing problem and integrating a new planning approach that takes gender into consideration.ResumenMarruecos es uno de los países en desarrollo que sufre problemas de movilidad y transporte en cuanto a género se refiere. En varias ciudades marroquíes, las mujeres tienen muchas limitaciones en términos de accesibilidad al transporte, patrones de seguridad y movilidad en general. Los factores siguen siendo diversos, desde la cultura marroquí hasta las múltiples responsabilidades que las mujeres asumen como empleadas, madres, amas de casa, etc. En este sentido, este documento se centra en el tema de las barreras para la movilidad de las mujeres en la ciudad de Rabat (capital de Marruecos), una ciudad razonablemente representativa con una variedad de medios de transporte que permitirá comprender mejor los factores que influyen en la movilidad de las mujeres y los problemas que enfrentan en su vida diaria. El artículo también contiene algunas recomendaciones para resolver este problema creciente e integrar un nuevo enfoque de planificación que tenga en cuenta el género.

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18

Benfrika, El Mostafa, and Mohamed Raji. "Conodont biostratigraphy of Upper Silurian formations from the Rabat-Tiflet area (northwestern Meseta, Morocco)." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 174, no. 4 (July 1, 2003): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/174.4.337.

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Abstract Silurian sections from the Rabat-Tiflet area (northwestern Moroccan Meseta) have been systematically sampled for conodonts. The conodont faunas are characterized by two index species of the European Silurian zonation (Ozarkodina sagitta sagitta and Ozarkodina remsceidensis eosteinhornensis) and two other index species of the north American zonation (Kockelella stauros and Kockelella variabilis). Recognition of the sagitta/stauros through lower variabilis zones in the lower part of the Silurian limestone and shale succession from the Rabat-Tiflet area, proves for the first time the presence of Wenlock below Ludlow-Pridoli, in the Silurian sequences of this area. Most of the Silurian from the northwestern Moroccan Meseta is represented by black graptolitic shales with intercalations of limestone (beds or lenses) in its upper part. The Silurian biostratigraphy of Morocco is generally based on graptolites [Willefert in Destombes et al., 1985]. In the present contribution the age of some Silurian sections (fig. 3) from the Rabat-Tiflet area is re-assessed by using conodonts. The stratigraphically important taxa have been described in Benfrika [1999]. Section Oued Grou I (G I) Situated near the barrage Mohamed Ben Abdellah, this section shows 30 m of alternating black shales and limestones. The lower part of this unit (I) provided : Ozarkodina sagitta sagitta, Kockelella absidata, Kockelella stauros, Ozarkodina bohemica, Ozarkodina excavata, Dapsilodus obliquicostatus, Panderodus unicostatus, Pseudooneotodus bicornis. The first appearance of Oz. sagitta sagitta and the K. stauros indicates the lower boundary of sagitta Zone established by Walliser [1964] in the Carnic Alps and also the lower boundary of stauros Zone proposed by Barrick et Klapper [1976] for North America (fig. 2). These species are of Wenlock age. Section Oued Grou II (G II): This section is located at approximately a hundred meters north of the preceding section. It is subdivided into 2 units : Unit IIA : 12 m of greyish to black limestones interbedded with green shales ; Unit IIB : 65 m of shales interbedded with some limestones. The conodonts identified in unit A are : Ozarkodina bohemica, Kockelella absidata and Kockelella stauros. This fauna is of Wenlock age. The first occurrence of Kockelella variabilis in sample indicates the lower variablis zone (lower part of Ludlow). Section Al Khaloua Iron Mines (AK) The limestones interbedded with shales of the lower part of the Al Khaloua section yield Polygnathoides emarginatus and Kockelella variabilis. This association is of Ludlow age. The conodonts from the upper part of this section (Caudicriodus sp. and Belodella devonica) indicate a Lower Devonian age. Section Oued Tiflet syncline (T) Two units are recognized : Unit A : 18 m of alternating black shales and greyish black limestones providing : Kockelella absidata, Ozarkodina bohemica, Decoriconus fragilis, Dapsilodus obliquicostatus, Ozarkodina excavata. This fauna is of Upper Wenlock to Lower Ludlow age ; Unit B : 34 m of black shales with some limestone intercalations, is probably of Ludlow-Pridoli age. Conclusion The Silurian conodont succession recognized in the Rabat-Tiflet area (northwestern Moroccan Meseta) allows to attribute the lower part of alternating limestones and shales to the Wenlock and the upper part to the Ludlow-Pridoli. The presence of the Wenlock in the Rabat-Tiflet area and also in the Oued Cherrat (under investigation) is demonstrated by conodonts. This suggests that the Silurian transgression has reached this area of the Moroccan Meseta during the Wenlock and not the Ludlow, as generally admitted. Furthermore, the conodont faunas allow to recognize affinities with those from North America and Central Europe. Two index species of the conodont zonation established by Walliser [1964] for the Carnic Alps have been recognized in Morocco, two other index species of the conodont zonation proposed by Barrick and Klapper [1976] for North America have been also identified in Morocco.

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19

Boutayeb, Saber, Amina Taleb, Rizlane Belbaraka, Nabil Ismaili, Narjiss Berrada, Wafa Allam, Halima Abahsain, et al. "The Practice of Medical Oncology in Morocco: The National Study of the Moroccan Group of Trialist in Medical Oncology (EVA-Onco)." ISRN Oncology 2013 (October 8, 2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/341565.

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Objective. To determine the current shortfall of medical oncologists (MOs) and the projected supply. Background. Morocco, the medical oncology (MO) is a relatively new specialty. Medical oncology was recognized as a separate specialty in 1994 but the real taking-off was done only since the 2000s after the creation of the chair of medical oncology in the University of Rabat. The GRIOMM (Moroccan group of trialist in medical oncology) was created in 2011 and conducted its first study, EVA-onco, concerning the practice of medical oncology in Morocco in 2011. Design. EVA-onco is a prospective study concerning the practice of medical oncology in Morocco in 2011. Results. The entire public cancer centers completed the survey. There were no missing data. The number of medical oncologist per 100000/habitants in Morocco was 0.09. The average number of new patients seen per medical oncologist was 718 patients (ranging by state from 97 to 1875). The shortfall of MOs was estimated at 26 at least in 2011 according to the national recommendations. Conclusions. Since 2010, a national strategy to increase the capacity of MO workforce existed. The current shortfall of MO is expected to disappear in the future.

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Tazi, S., K. M. E. Konzi, E. M. Chachi, M. Lyagoubi, and S. Aoufi. "Epidemiological profile of eumycetomas in Rabat, Morocco, over 40 years." Journal de Mycologie Médicale 29, no. 4 (December 2019): 356–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2019.100902.

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21

Alasli, Malak. "Toponyms’ contribution to identity: The case study of Rabat (Morocco)." Proceedings of the ICA 2 (July 10, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-2-3-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Toponymy is a crucial component for cartographic representation of geographic information. Toponyms are essential building blocks of communities and identity. Place names are instruments of meaning to be attached to spaces to convert them into places. Among their functions, place names are said to be vectors of a transgenerational communication. They lift the veil on the relationship they hold with identity. They make us better understand the population’s means of expression, which will shed light on the identification they attribute to themselves. This study is an analysis of the relationship between place names and identity. It advances that place name holds more meaning than just a way to indicate a place. The nature of this investigation makes it possible for using case study as a qualitative research design. To ensure more valid conclusions, multiple data collection tools were adopted. Semi-structured interviews provide more flexibility and satisfy most of the research objectives. The other instrument used is a questionnaire for the purpose of eliciting more information from the respondents. The objective is to investigate the image displayed by the place names in use. The results point to the symbolic nature of place names in the construction of identities. In this regard, they are not mere signifiers of places and markers of destination but offer insight into the imposed identity and ideology on a landscape.</p>

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Boubkraoui, Mohamed, Meryem Kabiri, Mustapha Mrabet, Amine El-hassani, and Amina Barkat. "Perinatal Morbidity and Mortality at Souissi Maternity Hospital, Rabat, Morocco." Advances in Research 4, no. 1 (January 10, 2015): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/air/2015/14167.

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Benach, Joseph. "Privatisation and the internet in Morocco: a Rabat case study." Journal of North African Studies 7, no. 4 (December 2002): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629380208718487.

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Badrane, Saïd, Lahcen Bahi, Nacer Jabour, and Aomar Iben Brahim. "Seismic site effect estimation in the city of Rabat (Morocco)." Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 3, no. 3 (June 27, 2006): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-2132/3/3/001.

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Khassouani, C. D., R. Soulaymani, M. Jana, Y. Mauras, and P. Allain. "Blood Mercury Concentrations in the Population of Rabat Area, Morocco." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 66, no. 4 (April 2001): 439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001280025.

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Naimi, Y., M. Saghir, A. Cherqaoui, and B. Chatre. "Energetic recovery of biomass in the region of Rabat, Morocco." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42, no. 2 (January 2017): 1396–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.055.

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Khassouani, C. D., R. Soulaymani, M. Jana, Y. Mauras, and P. Allain. "Blood Mercury Concentrations in the Population of Rabat Area, Morocco." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 66, no. 4 (April 1, 2001): 439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-001-0025-y.

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Mohsen, Monia, and Iman El-Bastawisi. "News Trend in Political Participation: Does News Convince Female Electors to Vote? A Comparative Study between Egypt’s (Cairo) and Morocco’s (Rabat) Media Campaigns." Communication, Society and Media 3, no. 1 (February 24, 2020): p27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/csm.v3n1p27.

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The aim of this paper to explore the news availability and its effect on female voting behaviour in Egypt’s capital Cairo and Morocco’s capital Rabat political elections. The study used an exploratory research design, working within a qualitative paradigm two sources of evidence were employed. Commentary was compiled from respondents: (i) Twenty in-depth face-to-face interviews with key respondents from Egypt and Morocco (ii) Four focus groups with each group containing six respondents in Egypt and Morocco. In regards to the findings, the media impact was apparent in both countries that influence citizens. However, they mentioned minimal influence by the available political news. Egyptian citizens confirmed that they were not convinced that the available news convince females to vote, as they felt that the available newspapers and news websites is of less credibility, yet Moroccan citizens confirmed that the available news is credible and it does convince females to vote. Mentioning social and cultural determinates that affects females in the society, both Egyptians and Moroccans claimed that females have their full rights that gives full freedom to participate in the elections. Finally, both citizens conformed that the social media, is the most effective medium employed in political media campaigns.

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Nezha, Tlemçani Mekaoui. "Iconic Architecture in Morocco Two Pioneering Cities, Two Singular Towers." Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, no. 4 (July 22, 2021): 2629–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i4.2305.

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In town planning as in architecture, space is a true transcription of civilizational trends, the expression par excellence of civilizations, continues to develop through the spaces they close, the buildings that it includes and that take shape over time. In this sense, Morocco, an emerging country, is beginning to build a modern image for itself, in the face of time by having recourse to its two pioneer cities, Casablanca and Rabat-Salé. In doing so, many spectacular constructions of iconic buildings have emerged there, the work of star architects using designs distinguished by their complex structures and using innovative materials. This article deals with the design of two buildings through the combination of two concepts grouped together in their designs, namely, the singularity of their architectures in relation to their urban environment and their sought-after technological prowess. The choice fell on the CFC tower (Casablanca Finance City) located in the new urban center "Casablanca finance City" and the Bank of Africa tower also called Tour Mohammed IV, located in Bouregreg, emblematic site of the Rabat-Salé conurbation.

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Kirat, Yamina El, and Taha El Hadari. "Moroccan language policy and its effect on sociolinguistics: attitudes of students and professors toward sociolinguistic research." International journal of linguistics, literature and culture 6, no. 2 (March 9, 2020): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v6n2.867.

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Given its location, Morocco is influenced by multiple linguistic factors. As a result, Sociolinguistics became a crucial linguistic field in the country. It witnessed significant development since the 1970s since a considerable amount of research was conducted to cope with the constant changes in language policy. While research grew in quantity, there were no significant attempts to closely analyze its contributions and determine its efficiency. To this end, the study at hand provided a general background of the status of sociolinguistic in Morocco. It also reflected on the attitudes of students and professors involved in the field on the status of the latter. Similarly, it investigated the extent to which the Moroccan language policy has impacted research produced in sociolinguistics. Therefore, the results presented the attitudes toward the development and the involvement of sociolinguistic research. It mainly reflected the region of Rabat-Sale and to a lesser extent Casablanca, Fes, and Marrakech. The study concluded that sociolinguistic research in Morocco focuses on some languages/varieties more than others. As a consequence, despite the immense growth of the field in recent years, it still does not meet the expectations of the population of the study.

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Essayagh, M., T. Essayagh, S. Essayagh, and S. El Hamzaoui. "Epidemiology of burn wound infection in Rabat, Morocco: Three-year review." Médecine et Santé Tropicales 24, no. 2 (April 2014): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/mst.2014.0315.

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Khassouani, C. E., R. Soulaymani, Y. Mauras, and P. Allain. "Blood cadmium concentration in the population of the Rabat area, Morocco." Clinica Chimica Acta 302, no. 1-2 (December 2000): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-8981(00)00368-5.

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GLIOZZO, E., F. CAVARI, D. DAMIANI, and I. MEMMI. "PIGMENTS AND PLASTERS FROM THE ROMAN SETTLEMENT OF THAMUSIDA (RABAT, MOROCCO)." Archaeometry 54, no. 2 (July 11, 2011): 278–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2011.00617.x.

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Sabiri, Nargisse, Meriem Kabiri, Lamya Karboubi, Amal Bouziane, and Amina Barkat. "Risk factors for perinatal mortality at Souissi Maternity Hospital, Rabat, Morocco." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 119, no. 3 (August 24, 2012): 285–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.07.004.

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Chakroun, Amel, Driss Chahid, Larbi Boudad, Emilie Campmas, Arnaud Lenoble, Roland Nespoulet, and Mohamed Abdeljalil El Hajraoui. "The Pleistocene of Rabat (Morocco): Mollusks, Coastal Environments and Human Behavior." African Archaeological Review 34, no. 4 (December 2017): 493–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10437-017-9279-6.

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Belayachi, Jihane, Rachid Razine, Amina Boufars, Asma Saadi, Naoufal Madani, Souad Chaouir, and Redouane Abouqal. "Moroccan medical students’ perceptions of their educational environment." Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 12 (October 28, 2015): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.47.

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This study aimed to assess students’ perceptions of their educational environment in the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Morocco, using the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM). A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Morocco, in which medical students’ perceptions of their educational environment were assessed using the DREEM criteria during the 2013-2014 academic years. The DREEM inventory encompasses 50 items divided into five subdomains: perceptions of learning, perceptions of teaching, academic self-perceptions, perceptions of atmosphere, and social self-perceptions. The DREEM has a maximum score of 200, which would correspond to a perfect educational environment. The mean scores (±standard deviation) of students’ responses were compared according to their year of study and gender. The responses of 189 postgraduate medical students were included. The mean total DREEM score was 90.8 (45.4%). The mean total scores for five subdomains were 21.2/48 (44.2%), 21.8/44 (49.6%), 13.1/32 (40.9%), 19.0/48 (39.6%), and 15.6/28 (55.7%) respectively. Female students reported higher perceptions of teaching scores than males (P=0.002), and students in their fifth year of study reported significantly higher social self-perceptions scores than those in their fourth year (P=0.03). In this study of the oldest faculty of medicine in Morocco, students perceived the educational environment as having many problems.

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Bahji, Zineb Bahji. "Présence Commune, Museum Mohammed VI for Modern and Contemporary Arts (MMVI), Rabat, Morocco, 28.03.2017 - 31.09.2017." Museum and Society 15, no. 3 (January 10, 2018): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v15i3.2520.

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The present review focuses on the temporary exhibition Presence Commune that was held at Museum Mohammed VI for Modern and Contemporary Arts (MMVI) of Rabat, Morocco, from 28 March to 31 September 2017. The review contextualizes the exhibition Presence Commune and examines the communicative strategies it used to convey its messages. It also explains how this artistic event adds to the various artistic and cultural programmes and events that the Moroccan National Foundation of Museums organizes in the course of democratizing access to culture and promoting harmony and tolerance through the universal language of art. The review also shows how the exhibition reflected the role of MMVI in initiating dialogues among artists and visitors from different ethnicities, religions, and African countries, and how it supportedMorocco’s new cultural agenda.Morocco has made cultural diplomacy a priority after the uprisings of the Arab Spring and the rise of religious and ethnic conflicts in the region of North Africa and theMiddle East.

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Kaabouch, Meryem, Hafsa Chahdi, Naima Azouzi, Mohammed Oukabli, Issam Rharrassi, Adil Boudhas, Hassan Jaddi, et al. "BRAFV600E hot spot mutation in thyroid carcinomas: first Moroccan experience from a single-institution retrospective study." African Health Sciences 20, no. 4 (December 16, 2020): 1849–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i4.40.

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Background: The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing worldwide at an alarming rate. BRAFV600E mutation is described to be associated with a worse prognostic of thyroid carcinomas, as well as extrathyroidal invasion and increased mortality. Objective: To our knowledge, there are no reported studies neither from Morocco nor from other Maghreb countries re- garding the prevalence of BRAFV600E mutation in thyroid carcinomas. Here we aim to evaluate the frequency of BRAFV600E oncogene in Moroccan thyroid carcinomas. Methods: In this Single-Institution retrospective study realized in the Anatomic Pathology and Histology Service in the Mil- itary Hospital of Instruction Mohammed V ‘HMIMV’ in Rabat, we report, using direct genomic sequencing, the assessment of BRAFV600E in 37 thyroid tumors. Results: We detected BRAFV600E mutation exclusively in Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas ‘PTC’ with a prevalence of 28% (8 PTC out 29 PTC). Like international trends, Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas ’PTC’ is more frequent than Follicular Thyroid Carcinomas ‘FTC’ and Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinomas ‘ATC’ (29 PTC, 7 FTC and 1 ATC). Conclusion: Our finding gives to the international community the first estimated incidence of this oncogene in Morocco showing that this prevalence falls within the range of international trends (30% to 90%) reported in distinct worldwide ge- ographic regions. Keywords: Biomarker; BRAFV600E; Thyroid cancer; Morocco.

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Salman, Zeena, Maria El Kababri, Laila Hessissen, Mohammed Khattab, and Katherine Matthay. "An Intensive Induction Protocol for High Risk Neuroblastoma in Morocco." Journal of Global Oncology 2, no. 3_suppl (June 2016): 80s—81s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.2016.004259.

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Abstract 72 Background: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood, accounting for 10% of childhood cancers in high-income countries (HIC), with an unknown incidence in most low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of high-risk (HR) neuroblastoma consisting of a combination of chemotherapy, surgery, radiation and immunotherapy, has lead to improvements in survival in HICs, approaching 40-50%. Morocco, a LMIC, has historically had a survival rate for HR neuroblastoma of 10-15% at three years, with almost no survival at five years from diagnosis, due to a combination of limited availability of accurate diagnosis, staging, and risk stratification, as well as lack of some of the necessary treatment modalities and high abandonment rates. The International Society for Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) Pediatric Oncology in Developing Countries (PODC) committee developed adapted risk stratification and treatment guidelines using locally available chemotherapeutic agents in doses that limit toxicity. This approach was implemented at the four cancer treatment centers in Morocco beginning in January of 2012. This study aims to describe HR neuroblastoma patients presenting in Rabat, Morocco, in the last four years; test feasibility of an intensive induction regimen for HR neuroblastoma; and assess response to a novel intensive induction chemotherapy regimen adapted for a LMIC setting. Methods: This treatment protocol was first implemented in January of 2012 with approval of the local ethics board. Chart review was performed on patients with high risk neuroblastoma enrolled on the protocol at Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Center of Rabat between January of 2012 and September of 2015. Data regarding demographics, toxicity, and outcomes was collected and descriptive statistics were performed. Results: 40 patients were diagnosed with high risk neuroblastoma between January of 2012 and September of 2015 in Rabat. There were 14 females (35%) and 26 males (65%) with a median age of 40 months (age range 13m to 11y5m). With regards to diagnostic testing, 100% of patients underwent CT scan, while 47.5% (19/40) of patients underwent MIBG and 47.5% underwent bone scintigraphy. Only 9 patients (22.5%) had MYCN status determined, however MYCN testing increased over time during this protocol, as 53.8% (7/13) of patients diagnosed with HR neuroblastoma in the past year had MYCN testing performed. 82.5% of patients (33/40) completed all five cycles of induction chemotherapy, with 9/40 (22.5%) experiencing delays of 1 or 2 cycles (delay defined as >5 weeks) due to toxicity. Of the 33 patients who completed induction, 60.6% (20 patients) experienced a PR or VGPR, continuing on to local control with surgery or consolidation therapy. Only one patient was lost to follow up due to abandonment. Conclusion: Adapted risk stratification and treatment guidelines for LMICs allow for more accurate diagnosis and systematic treatment. Standardizing a protocol for high risk patients has led to more consistent MYCN evaluation, performed by immunohistochemistry, as well as the introduction of MIBG to the Rabat Children's Hospital. While this is a multi-center study (a known study obstacle in LMICs), this protocol has led to a decrease in the barriers to accurate diagnosis and optimal treatment. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No COIs from the authors.

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El Mahdi, Sakhi, Moumni Mostafa, Radid Horia, Arahou Mohamed, and Fekhaoui Mohamed. "Free-living amoebae (Acanthamoeba spp.): diagnosis by PCR method in different sources of water in Rabat, Morocco." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 9, no. 3 (May 8, 2019): 460–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2019.069.

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Abstract Free-living amoebae are ubiquitous protozoa, frequently found in the aquatic environment. Acanthamoeba spp., in some conditions, causes amoebic keratitis. Our research project aimed at studying in vivoAcanthamoeba spp. that are possibly present in water destined for human consumption. Thus, we can evaluate the rate of water contamination by determining the critical areas of its presence. In total, 150 water samples were analysed from Rabat. All the samples were collected from five different sources: river, fountain water, seawater, public bath water and tap water. The samples were distributed over three seasons: spring, summer and autumn. The positive samples by culture method were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The obtained results by microscopic identification and PCR method showed a high percentage of the presence of Acanthamoeba spp. in water in Rabat. However, during the sampling period, we noticed a non-uniform division of the positive samples with a remarkably high rate during summer. Our study showed that water contamination by Acanthamoeba spp. in Rabat, Morocco is at high risk of having a negative impact on public health. It is necessary to do a follow-up and study the health impacts to better evaluate the risk associated with this contamination by Acanthamoeba spp.

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Renou, C., O. Lesne, A. Mangin, F. Rouffi, A. Atillah, D. El Hadani, and H. Moudni. "Tsunami hazard assessment in the coastal area of Rabat and Salé, Morocco." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 8 (August 10, 2011): 2181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-2181-2011.

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Abstract. In the framework of the three-year SCHEMA European project (www.schemaproject.org), we present a generic methodology developed to produce tsunami building vulnerability and impact maps. We apply this methodology to the Moroccan coast. This study focuses on the Bouregreg Valley which is at the junction between Rabat (administrative capital), and Salé. Both present large populations and new infrastructure development. Using a combination of numerical modelling, field surveys, Earth Observation and GIS data, the risk has been evaluated for this vulnerable area. Two tsunami scenarios were studied to estimate a realistic range of hazards on this coast: a worst-case scenario based on the historical Lisbon earthquake of 1755 and a moderate scenario based on the Horseshoe earthquake of 28 February 1969. For each scenario, numerical models allowed the production of tsunami hazard maps (maximum inundation extent and maximum inundation depths). Moreover, the modelling results of these two scenarios were compared with the historical data available. A companion paper to this article (Atillah et al., 2011) presents the following steps of the methodology, namely the elaboration of building damage maps by crossing layers of building vulnerability and the so-inferred inundation depths.

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Bakkali, Meriem EL, Meriem Bahri, Said Gmouh, Hassan Jaddi, Mohammed Bakkali, Amin Laglaoui, and Mohammed EL Mzibri. "Characterization of bottom ash from two hospital waste incinerators in Rabat, Morocco." Waste Management & Research 31, no. 12 (November 4, 2013): 1228–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x13507308.

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Juan, C., A. Zinedine, J. C. Moltó, L. Idrissi, and J. Mañes. "Aflatoxins levels in dried fruits and nuts from Rabat-Salé area, Morocco." Food Control 19, no. 9 (September 2008): 849–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2007.08.010.

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Belefquih, Bouchra, Jalal Kasouati, Taoufik Doblali, Nadia Touil, Mohamed R. Tagajdid, Hakima Kabbaj, Hicham El Annaz, and Saad Mrani. "Rubella seroprevalence in pregnant women at the military teaching hospital, Rabat, Morocco." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 120, no. 2 (November 24, 2012): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.08.026.

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Gebhardt, H. "Neogene foraminifera from the Eastern Rabat area (Morocco): stratigraphy, palaeobathymetry and palaeoecology." Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) 16, no. 4 (May 1993): 445–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(93)90103-w.

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Ducène, Jean-Charles. "Quand une édition imprimée redevient manuscrit: le Kitāb al-Masālik d’Ibn Ḥawqal (Rabat, Fondation ʿAllāl al-Fāsī, ʿayn 608)." Der Islam 95, no. 1 (March 22, 2018): 188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/islam-2018-0007.

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Summary: A new discovery of a late manuscript of Ibn Ḥawqal in the library of the ʿAllāl al-Fāsī Foundation, in Rabat, sheds light on the manuscript culture of the late 19th century in Morocco, on the dualism of manuscripts and prints of the same text at the same time. Indeed until now, Ibn Ḥawqal’s geographical treatise is known through eight medieval manuscripts that seem to give four versions of the text, although their relations are not clear. However, an unpublished manuscript is kept in Rabat, but it is a recent copy (early 20th century) of Michael De Goeje’s edition of 1873. Surprisingly this copy bears several charateristics of manuscript writing although the copist had a printed text as model.

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Yahyaoui, M. "Epidemiological and clinical aspects of neurosyphilis in Morocco." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 11, no. 3 (June 15, 2005): 470–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2005.11.3.470.

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Neurosyphilis accounts for 56%-70% of all visceral syphilis and is a complication in 5%-10% of cases of untreated syphilis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological aspects and clinical presentations of neurosyphilis in Morocco through a series of 201 patients attending the Centre for Neurological Services at the university hospital in Rabat between 1986 and 1997. The mean age of the patients was 41.26 [SD 9.23] years [range:17-70 years] ; the majority [91%] were male. The incidence of neurosyphilis in Morocco is high. From 31 cases per year in 1985, it has fallen since 1990 to reach 10 cases in 1997. Among the different clinical presentations recorded, chronic meningoencepahalitis was the commonest, followed by meningovasculitis, tabes dorsalis and optic atrophy

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Maher, Hassnae, Rachid Moussadek, Abdelmjid Zouahri, Ahmed Douaik, Houria Dakak, Mouloud El Moudane, and Ahmed Ghanimi. "Effect of no tillage on the physico-chemical properties of soils of the El Koudia region, Rabat (Morocco)." E3S Web of Conferences 150 (2020): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015003010.

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In Morocco, agriculture is an important sector of the economy, accounting for 15 to 20% of Gross Domestic Product. However, it has faced several challenges: intensive tillage of land that has accelerated water erosion, seriously threatening water and soil potential, low plant cover density and misuse of traditional agricultural practices, causing a decrease in organic matter levels and destroying aggregate stability. Climate change is making water and soil management in agriculture more and more complicated. The major challenge for Moroccan agriculture is to increase agricultural production while preserving natural resources. The objective of our study is to evaluate the effect of no tillage (NT) on the physico- chemical properties of soil in the El Koudia experimental station, Rabat, Morocco. The crop is durum wheat, Arrehane variety. Soil samples are pre-dried, ground and screened to 0.2mm for organic matter (OM) analysis and 2mm for the remainder of the analyses. Plugs, canned, are then sintered, screened and dried for structural stability tests. The results show that no tillage (NT) favours the accumulation of surface OM, particularly at the 0-5cm horizon unlike conventional tillage (CT). The NT promotes structural stability, with a mean weight diameter (MWD) = 0.94mm for the NT compared to 0.83mm for the CT. These results show that soils ploughed in CT are more exposed to erosion degradation than soils not ploughed (NT). In addition, NT preserves soil moisture and promotes additional water retention of 5 to 10%.

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Mennane, Z., I. Houlali, R. Charof, J. Abrini, and N. Elmtili. "Hygiene quality of traditional and industrial table olives from markets in Rabat-Salé and Temara cities in Morocco." African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 22, no. 1 (January 26, 2021): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v22i1.11.

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Background: Table olives are one of the most important vegetable canning products in Morocco, which is considered one of the world's largest producing countries. Currently, many outlets prepare table olives by different methods that do not comply with standard hygiene practices. Hence, this research was conducted to assess the quality standard of these olives by evaluating their physico-chemical and microbiological properties.Methodology: A total of 108 samples of table olives (pitted green olives and blacks) obtained from Rabat-Salé and Rabat-Temara markets in Morocco were evaluated. Physico-chemical properties of the olives including pH, oxido-reduction potential (ORP) and titrable acidity were determined using the analytical methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Microbiological analyses including standard plate count (SPC) for total aerobic mesophilic flora (TAMB), total coliforms (TC), faecal coliforms (FC), yeasts, clostridia, Staphylococcus aureus, faecal streptococci and salmonella counts, were performed using standard microbiological methods. The identification of yeast isolates was carried out with the commercial API 20C biochemical identification kit.Results: The average microbial loads for traditional olive samples were 3.2x106 CFU/ml for SPC, 1.7x104 CFU/ml for TC, 8.7x103 CFU/ml for FC, and 2.5x106 CFU/ml for yeast, which were higher compared to the average microbial loads of industrial olives with values of 5.9x105 CFU/ml, 5x101 CFU/ml, 0 CFU/ml and 0 CFU/ml respectively. One hundred percent (56 of 56) of the traditional olives (pitted green and black) from Temara-Rabatmarkets were contaminated with coliforms while 50% of green and 65% of black olives in Salé-Rabat were contaminated with coliforms. Five percent (5%) each of the traditional green and black olives in Salé-Rabat markets were contaminated with clostridia (spore forming bacteria). No FC or other bacteria and yeasts were present in the industrial olives, and none of the olives was contaminated with S. aureus, faecal streptococci and salmonella. Of the total of 8 yeast strains isolated from the traditional olives, 4 (50%) were Candida guilliermondii, 2 (25%) Candida lusitaniae and 2 (25%) Candida famata.Conclusion: The contamination of olive oil products may be due to different sources such as water, processing materials, storage condition, cleaning, labour and others. There is need for increase awareness and control of these at the points of sale of these traditional olives. Keywords: hygiene; physico-chemical properties; microbiology; traditional olives; quality French Title: Qualité Hygiène des olives de table traditionnelles et industrielles des marchés des villes de Rabat-Salé et Témara au Maroc Contexte: Les olives de table sont l'un des produits de mise en conserve de légumes les plus importants au Maroc, qui est considéré comme l'un des plus grands pays producteurs du monde. Actuellement, de nombreux points de vente préparent les olives de table par différentes méthodes non conformes aux pratiques d'hygiène standard. Ainsi, cette recherche a été menée pour évaluer le standard de qualité de ces olives en évaluant leurs propriétés physico-chimiques et microbiologiques.Méthodologie: Un total de 108 échantillons d'olives de table (olives vertes dénoyautées et noires) obtenus sur les marchés de Rabat-Salé et Rabat-Témara au Maroc ont été évalués. Les propriétés physico-chimiques des olives, y compris le pH, le potentiel d'oxydoréduction (ORP) et l'acidité titrable ont été déterminées en utilisant les méthodes analytiques de l'Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Les analyses microbiologiques, y compris la numération sur plaque standard (SPC) pour la flore mésophile aérobie totale (FMAT), les coliformes totaux (CT), les coliformes fécaux (CF), les levures, les clostridies, Staphylococcus aureus, les streptocoques fécaux et les numérations de salmonelles, ont été effectuées à l'aide de méthodes microbiologiques standard. L'identification des isolats de levure a été réalisée avec le kit d'identification biochimique API 20E du commerce.Résultats: Les charges microbiennes moyennes pour les échantillons d'olives traditionnelles étaient de 3,2x106 UFC/ml pour le SPC, 1,7x104 UFC/ml pour le TC, 8,7x103 UFC/ml pour le FC et 2,5x106 UFC/ml pour la levure, qui étaient plus élevées par rapport aux charges microbiennes moyennes des olives industrielles avec des valeurs respectives de 5,9x105 UFC/ml, 5x101 UFC/ml, 0 UFC/ml et 0 UFC/ml. Cent pour cent (56 sur 56) des olivestraditionnelles (dénoyautées vertes et noires) des marchés de Témara-Rabat étaient contaminées par des coliformes tandis que 50% des olives vertes et 65% des olives noires de Salé-Rabat étaient contaminées par des coliformes. Cinq pour cent (5%) de chacune des olives vertes et noires traditionnelles des marchés de Salé-Rabat étaient contaminées par des clostridia (bactéries sporulantes). Aucune FC ni aucune autre bactérie et levure n'étaient présentes dans les olives industrielles, et aucune des olives n'était contaminée par S. aureus, des streptocoques fécaux et des salmonelles. Sur un total de 8 souches de levure isolées des olives traditionnelles, 4 (50%) étaient Candida guilliermondii, 2 (25%) Candida lusitaniae et 2 (25%) Candida famata.Conclusion: La contamination des produits à base d'huile d'olive peut être due à différentes sources telles que l'eau, les matériaux de traitement, les conditions de stockage, le nettoyage, la main-d'œuvre et autres. Il est nécessaire d'accroître la sensibilisation et le contrôle de ceux-ci dans les points de vente de ces olives traditionnelles. Mots-clés: hygiène; propriétés physico-chimiques; microbiologie; olives traditionnelles; qualité

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Tenzon, Michele. "Land reclamation, farm mechanisation, rural repopulation: the shifting landscape of the Gharb Valley in Morocco, 1912–1956." SHS Web of Conferences 63 (2019): 06001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196306001.

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This article investigates rural resettlement schemes implemented by the French colonial administration in the light of the relationship between major economic, social and demographic dynamics in the Protectorate of Morocco. It explores the ways in which the French colonisers transformed the rural landscape of the Gharb valley in Morocco’s Rabat region. I depict the spatial configuration of the several stages by which rural colonisation and agricultural modernisation took place in the region, in relation to the patterns of human settlement they produced. The initial spatial configuration of the Gharb, determined by French colonial policies through the official colonisation programme and its orientation toward extensive agriculture, was subverted by the massive introduction of water drainage and irrigation infrastructure. The construction of reservoir dams and the establishment of drainage and irrigation perimeters across the valley induced a concentration of private and public investments that led to rural modernisation in certain, delimited areas. To compensate for a rural exodus that was overcrowding the outskirts of major Moroccan urban centres and for the lack of a local workforce available for employment on colonists’ farms, the French architect and urban planner Michel Écochard and his collaborators at the Service de l’Urbanisme conceived an ambitious programme of rural resettlements in the Gharb valley.

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