Books: 'Morphological features of ECG'

1

Noyer, Rolf. Features, positions, and affixes in autonomous morphological structure. New York: Garland Pub., 1997.

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2

Žd̕árská, Zdeňka. Evolution of morphological features in larval stages of digenetic trematodes. Praha: Academia, nakl. Československé akademie věd, 1986.

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3

Aroca, R. Plant responses to drought stress: From morphological to molecular features. Heidelberg: Springer, 2012.

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4

Prendeville, Tadgh. A study of the morphological features of pores occurring in bone cement. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1996.

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5

Maher, Suzanne A. Modelling the morphological features of the cement/bone interface in hip replacements. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1996.

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6

Miller, Orson K. Gasteromycetes: Morphological and developmental features, with keys to the orders, families, and genera. Eureka, CA: Mad River Press, 1988.

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7

Ramos, Carlos. Quantification of stream channel morphological features: Recommended procedures for use in watershed analysis and TFW ambient monitoring. [Olympia, Wash.?: The Commission?, 1996.

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8

Borg, Erik. Noise-induced hearing loss: Literature review and experiments in rabbits : morphological and electrophysiological features, exposure parameters and temporal factors, variability and interactions. Oslo: Scandinavian University Press, 1995.

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9

Cường, Nguyẽ̂n Lân. Nghiên cứu vè̂ đặc điẻ̂m hình thái, chủng tộc và bệnh lý răng người cỏ̂ thuộc thời đại kim khí ở miè̂n Bá̆c Việt Nam =: Study on morphological, racial and pathological features of the dentition of ancient people in the Northern Vietnam metal age. Hà Nội: Nhà xuá̂t bản Khoa học xã hội, 2003.

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10

Uskov, Aleksandr, Evgeniy Mozhaev, Lyudmila Uskova, and Elena Zakabunina. Potato growing. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1030568.

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The textbook covers the main topics related to the national economic significance, origin, distribution of potatoes; morphological and anatomical structure of potato plants. Features of potato biology by periods of growth and development, as well as its requirements for growing conditions are given. Technological methods of cultivation, the system of fertilization and protection from pests, diseases and weeds, seed production and varietal studies, the economy of potato production are presented. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation for the preparation of bachelors. For undergraduate students studying in the field of "agronomy", as well as specialists in agricultural production.

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11

Marcato, Enrico. Personal Names in the Aramaic Inscriptions of Hatra. Venice: Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-231-4.

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This book offers a comprehensive linguistic evaluation of the 376 personal names attested in the roughly 600 Aramaic inscriptions of Hatra, the famous Northern Mesopotamian city that flourished in the Parthian age, between the 1st century BC and the 3rd century AD. This study benefits from the publication of many Hatran inscriptions during recent decades, which have yielded rich onomastic data, and some fresh readings of these epigraphic sources. This work is subdivided into three main parts: an “Onomastic Catalogue”, a “Linguistic Analysis”, and a “Concordances Section”. The “Catalogue” is organized as a list of entries, in which every name is transliterated, translated (whenever possible), discussed from an etymological perspective, provided with onomastic parallels, and accompanied by its attestations in the Hatran Aramaic corpus. The “Catalogue” is followed by a “Linguistic Analysis” which describes, firstly, the principal orthographic, phonological, morphological, and syntactical features of Hatran names. The linguistic discussion proper is followed by a semantic taxonomy of the names which make up the corpus and an overview of the religious significance of the theophoric names. “Charts of Concordances” end the book.

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12

Aroca, Ricardo. Plant Responses to Drought Stress: From Morphological to Molecular Features. Springer, 2012.

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13

Aroca, Ricardo. Plant Responses to Drought Stress: From Morphological to Molecular Features. Springer, 2014.

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14

Neeleman, Ad, Peter Ackema, and Samuel Jay Keyser. Features of Person: From the Inventory of Persons to Their Morphological Realization. MIT Press, 2018.

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15

Neeleman, Ad, Peter Ackema, and Samuel Jay Keyser. Features of Person: From the Inventory of Persons to Their Morphological Realization. MIT Press, 2018.

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16

Neeleman, Ad, and Peter Ackema. Features of Person: From the Inventory of Persons to Their Morphological Realization. MIT Press, 2018.

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17

Neeleman, Ad, and Peter Ackema. Features of Person: From the Inventory of Persons to Their Morphological Realization. MIT Press, 2018.

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18

Arya, Ravi Prakash. Vedic and Classical Sanskrit--A Contrastive Analysis of Phonological and Morphological Features. Indian Foundation for Vedic Science, 2007.

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19

Neeleman, Ad, and Peter Ackema. Features of Person: From the Inventory of Persons to Their Morphological Realization. MIT Press, 2018.

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20

Zuckermann, Ghil'ad. Revivalistics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199812776.001.0001.

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This seminal book introduces revivalistics, a new trans-disciplinary field of enquiry surrounding language reclamation, revitalization and reinvigoration. The book is divided into two main parts that represent Zuckermann’s fascinating and multifaceted journey into language revival, from the ‘Promised Land’ (Israel) to the ‘Lucky Country’ (Australia) and beyond: PART 1: LANGUAGE REVIVAL AND CROSS-FERTILIZATION The aim of this part is to suggest that due to the ubiquitous multiple causation, the reclamation of a no-longer spoken language is unlikely without cross-fertilization from the revivalists’ mother tongue(s). Thus, one should expect revival efforts to result in a language with a hybridic genetic and typological character. The book highlights salient morphological, phonological, phonetic, syntactic, semantic and lexical features, illustrating the difficulty in determining a single source for the grammar of ‘Israeli’, the language resulting from the Hebrew revival. The European impact in these features is apparent inter alia in structure, semantics or productivity. PART 2: LANGUAGE REVIVAL AND WELLBEING The book then applies practical lessons (rather than clichés) from the critical analysis of the Hebrew reclamation to other revival movements globally, and goes on to describe the why and how of language revival. The how includes practical, nitty-gritty methods for reclaiming ‘sleeping beauties’ such as the Barngarla Aboriginal language of Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, e.g. using what Zuckermann calls talknology (talk+technology). The why includes ethical, aesthetic, and utilitarian reasons such as improving wellbeing and mental health.

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21

Jiang, X. Chapter 3 Wavelet Analysis for the Extraction of Morphological Features for Orthopaedic Bearing Surfaces. InTechOpen, 2011.

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22

Robbins, Jo Ann. Some morphological and biochemical features of red raspberry and their relationship to fruit storage and quality. 1987.

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23

Sherman, Mark E., Melissa A. Troester, Katherine A. Hoadley, and William F. Anderson. Morphological and Molecular Classification of Human Cancer. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.003.0003.

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Accurate and reproducible classification of tumors is essential for clinical management, cancer surveillance, and studies of pathogenesis and etiology. Tumor classification has historically been based on the primary anatomic site or organ in which the tumor occurs and on its morphologic and histologic phenotype. While pathologic criteria are useful in predicting the average behavior of a group of tumors, histopathology alone cannot accurately predict the prognosis and treatment response of individual cancers. Traditional measures such as tumor stage and grade do not take into account molecular events that influence tumor aggressiveness or changes in the tumor composition during treatment. This chapter provides a primer on approaches that use pathology and molecular biology to classify and subclassify cancers. It describes the features of carcinomas, sarcomas, and malignant neoplasms of the immune system and blood, as well as various high-throughput genomic platforms that characterize the molecular profile of tumors.

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24

Thilenius, J. F. Vegetation and soils of an alpine range in the Absaroka Mountains, Wyoming. 1985.

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25

Wurmbrand, Susi, and Koji Shimamura. The features of the voice domain: actives, passives, and restructuring. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767886.003.0008.

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This chapter provides an in-depth characterization of the organization and featural make-up of the voice domain. Using restructuring as a probe into the composition of the voice domain, several properties are revealed which provide new or additional support for a number of voice-related assumptions, such as a split voice domain consisting of VoiceP and vP. It is suggested that the heads of the voice domain come with two sets of features, v/Voice-features and ϕ‎-features, where the former encode differences such as active and passive, as well as specific flavors of the argument or event introducing heads, and the latter identify a DP (the DP valuing the ϕ‎-features) as an argument of the particular voice head. The chapter proposes detailed structures for passive and restructuring, including morphological spell-out rules for the heads of the voice domain in several languages (Acehnese, Chamorro, Isbukun Bunun, German, Japanese, Mayrinax Atayal, Norwegian, and Takibakha Bunun).

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26

Arkadiev, Peter, and Francesco Gardani, eds. The Complexities of Morphology. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198861287.001.0001.

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The volume deals with the multifaceted nature of morphological complexity understood as a composite rather than unitary phenomenon as it shows an amazing degree of crosslinguistic variation. It features an Introduction by the editors that critically discusses some of the foundational assumptions informing contemporary views on morphological complexity, eleven chapters authored by an excellent set of contributors, and a concluding chapter by Östen Dahl that reviews various approaches to morphological complexity addressed in the preceding contributions and focuses on the minimum description length approach. The central eleven chapters approach morphological complexity from different perspectives, including the language-particular, the crosslinguistic, and the acquisitional one, and offer insights into issues such as the quantification of morphological complexity, its syntagmatic vs. paradigmatic aspects, diachronic developments including the emergence and acquisition of complexity, and the relations between morphological complexity and socioecological parameters of language. The empirical evidence includes data from both better-known languages such as Russian, and lesser-known and underdescribed languages from Africa, Australia, and the Americas, as well as experimental data drawn from iterated artificial language learning.

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27

Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Changes in Quantitative Traits Over Time. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0001.

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Quantitative traits—be they morphological or physiological characters, aspects of behavior, or genome-level features such as the amount of RNA or protein expression for a specific gene—usually show considerable variation within and among populations. This chapter provides a historical overview of the study of such traits and their connections with traditional and molecular population genetics, applied breeding, and evolutionary theory.

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28

Maiden, Martin, Adina Dragomirescu, Gabriela Pană Dindelegan, Oana Uţă, and Rodica Zafiu. The Oxford History of Romanian Morphology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829485.001.0001.

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Romanian is one of the most morphologically complex Romance languages. This book is the first ever comprehensive and accessible account of how that morphological system evolved. Here are some of the most salient morphological traits distinctive of this language: it possesses an inflexional case system; unlike other Romance languages, it has an inflexional vocative; the morphological marking of number reached such a level of unpredictability that, for most nouns (and for many adjectives), the form of the plural must be independently specified alongside that of the singular; in addition to masculine and feminine, it seems to possess a third gender, often referred to as a ‘neuter’; its verb system contains a non-finite form, which apparently continues the Latin supine; the infinitive has undergone a morphological split such that one form functions now purely as a noun, while the other remains purely a verb; the distinctive morphology of the subjunctive has largely disappeared; lastly, noun and verb morphology are deeply permeated by the effects of successive sound changes, which have created remarkably complex patterns of allomorphy. The origins of many of these developments are problematic, indeed controversial. Moreover, they are problematic in ways that are of interest not only to broader historical Romance linguistics but, even more broadly, to morphological theory tout court. The Oxford History of Romanian Morphology shows how the features listed here are relevant to students and scholars interested in historical morphology generally no less than they are to Romance linguists.

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29

Lam, Diana L., and Habib Rahbar. Non-Mass Enhancement on MRI. Edited by Christoph I. Lee, Constance D. Lehman, and Lawrence W. Bassett. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190270261.003.0031.

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Breast cancer presents on MRI as an enhancing finding on post-contrast T1-weighted images that is distinct from normal background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), and these enhancing lesions can be further described as a focus, mass, or non-mass enhancement (NME). Each enhancing lesion, with the exception of a focus, can be described further with specific morphological features that are defined by the ACR BI-RADS Atlas. This chapter reviews the key imaging and clinical features, imaging protocols and pitfalls, differential diagnoses, and management recommendations of a focus of enhancement and non-mass enhancement on MRI. Topics discussed include distinguishing a focus from normal BPE, benign versus suspicious features of a focus, NME characterization, and kinetic enhancement curves.

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30

Archer, Nick, and Nicky Manning. Structural abnormalities. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199230709.003.0006.

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Introduction 70Classification of structural abnormalities 72This chapter gives an overview of how structural cardiac anomalies—which are then described in detail in the following chapters—have been grouped. The following points apply throughout: • It is essential to begin by establishing left and right sides of the fetus before going on to define the morphological features of each chamber and vessel and to demonstrate the cardiac connections (...

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31

Freeden, Michael. 4. The morphology of liberalism. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199670437.003.0004.

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‘The morphology of liberalism’ examines the detailed structure of liberalism in order to determine how its durable and more transient features can help us to identify it as a member of a distinctive ideological family. The morphological continuity of liberalism takes into account numerous permutations and decontestations within the liberal family. They allow for considerable internal flexibility among liberalisms and consequently for the resilience and adaptability of this ideology as a whole. That flexibility is attained through two features: first, the spatial arrangements between the concepts in an ideology; and, second, the variable weighting of the ideational components of an ideology.

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32

Bjorkman, Bronwyn M., and Daniel Currie Hall, eds. Contrast and Representations in Syntax. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817925.001.0001.

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Syntactic contrasts, the systems of grammatical oppositions that exist within individual languages, are typically formally encoded in terms of features. The nature of syntactic contrast is tied to a fundamental question in generative syntactic theory: What is universal in syntax (and in language more generally), and what is variable? This volume explores the dual role of features, on the one hand defining a set of paradigmatic contrasts, and other the other hand acting as the building blocks of syntactic structures and the drivers of syntactic operations. In both roles, features are increasingly seen as the locus of parametric variation. The identification of parameters with features has opened up new possibilities for exploring connections between the morphological system of a language and its syntax, and suggests a new role for featural contrast in syntactic theory. The papers collected here represent a diversity of topics, perspectives, and concerns, but are united by an interest in morphosyntactic representations, and in the formal encoding of syntactic contrasts.

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33

Watson, Janet. South Arabian and Arabic dialects. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198701378.003.0011.

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This chapter examines phonological, morphological, lexical, and syntactic data from a number of contemporary Arabic varieties spoken within historical Yemen—i.e. within the borders of current Yemen and up into southern ˁAsīr in Saudi Arabia—with (a) data from the Ancient South Arabian language, Sabaic; (b) what has been called ‘Ḥimyaritic’, as spoken during the early centuries of Islam; and (c) the Modern South Arabian languages, Mehri and Śḥerɛ̄t. These comparisons show a significant number of shared features. The density of shared features and the nature of sharing exhibited lead to the tentative suggestion that some of these varieties may be continuations of South Arabian with an Arabic overlay rather than Arabic with a South Arabian substratum.

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34

Newman, Stuart A. Toward a Nonidealist Evolutionary Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199377176.003.0006.

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The received model of evolution sees all inherited features resulting from deterministic networks of interacting genes, implying that living systems are reducible to information in genetic programs. The model requires these programs and their associated phenotypes to have evolved by an isotropic search process occurring in gradual steps with no preferred morphological outcomes. The alternative is to recognize that clusters and aggregates of cells, the raw material of evolution, constitute middle-scale material systems. This implies the necessity of bringing the modern physics of mesoscale matter into the explanatory framework for the evolution of development. The relevant, often nonlinear, physical processes were mobilized at the inception of the phyla when their signature morphological outcomes first appeared and remain as efficient causes, albeit transformed, in present-day embryos. This physicogenetic perspective reengages with concepts of saltation, orthogenesis, and environment-induced plasticity long excluded from evolutionary theory.

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35

Paelinck, Bernard, Aleksandar Lazarević, and Pedro Gutierrez Fajardo. Pericardial disease. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0049.

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Echocardiography is the cornerstone for the diagnosis of pericardial disease. It is a portable technique allowing morphological and functional multimodality (M-mode, two-dimensional, Doppler, and tissue Doppler) imaging of pericardial disease. In addition, echocardiography is essential for differential diagnosis (pericardial effusion vs pleural effusion, constrictive pericarditis vs restrictive cardiomyopathy) and allows bedside guiding of pericardiocentesis. This chapter describes normal pericardial anatomy and reviews echocardiographic features of different pericardial diseases and their pathophysiology, including pericarditis, pericardial effusion, constrictive pericarditis, pericardial cyst, and congenital absence of pericardium.

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36

Abondolo, Daniel. Uralic Languages. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935345.013.6.

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All but three of the thirty-nine Uralic languages are endangered, most of them seriously so; of the family’s ten main branches, only two have members considered safe (Finnish and Estonian of the Fennic branch, plus Hungarian). This chapter surveys a selection of phonological, morphological, and syntactic features of the Uralic languages; the emphasis is on presenting aspects that are usually ignored, oversimplified, or misrepresented. Among the topics broached are vowel harmony; consonant gradation, which in the Uralic context is of four distinct kinds, three of them quite old; less-than-agglutinative (i.e. fairly fusional features of several languages); problems of phonological reconstruction; the inflection of personal pronouns; person marking on nouns and Subject, Agent, and Object marking on verbs; and kinds of relative, complement, and support clauses.

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37

Pap, Thomas, Adelheid Korb, Marianne Heitzmann, and Jessica Bertrand. Joint biochemistry. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0056.

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Synovial joints are composed of different morphological structures that have their distinct cellular and biochemical properties. Articular cartilage and synovial membrane are key components of synovial joints and show a number of peculiarities that makes them different from other tissues in our body. An in-depth knowledge of these structural and biochemical peculiarities is not only important for understanding key features of articular function but also provides explanations for important characteristics of both degenerative and inflammatory joint diseases. This chapter reviews the structure and biochemical composition of cartilage and synovium and points to important links between physiology and pathological conditions, particularly arthritis.

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38

Arregui, Ana, María Luisa Rivero, and Andrés Salanova. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198718208.003.0001.

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This chapter offers an introduction to the book. Modality is a core research topic for most disciplines interested in language, including linguistics, philosophy, and psychology. By putting forward specific case studies across an extensive range of languages, the chapters in this book allow us to gain insights into features that are common across languages in the construction of modal meanings, as well as into constraints that are language-specific. The broad range of syntactic and morphological configurations under study in this book succeed in giving readers a sense of the extremely rich diversity found in natural language under the “modal umbrella.”

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39

Borman, Andrew M. Fungal taxonomy and nomenclature. Edited by Christopher C. Kibbler, Richard Barton, Neil A. R. Gow, Susan Howell, Donna M. MacCallum, and Rohini J. Manuel. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198755388.003.0002.

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This chapter summarizes historical and modern approaches to fungal taxonomy, the current taxonomic standing of medically important fungi, and the implications for fungal nomenclature following the recent Amsterdam Declaration on Fungal Nomenclature, which prohibits dual nomenclature. Fungi comprise an entire kingdom, containing an estimated 1–10 million species. Traditionally, fungal identification was based on examination of morphological and phenotypic features, including the type of sexual spores they form, and method of formation, and structural features of their asexual spores. Thus, many fungi have been described and named independently several times based on either their sexual or asexual stages, resulting in a single genetic entity having multiple names. Recent molecular approaches to fungal identification have led to profound changes in fungal nomenclature and taxonomy. Certain phyla have now been disbanded, cryptic species have been identified via molecular approaches, and long-recognized species have been transferred to new genera based on genotypic comparisons.

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40

Kihm, Alain. Old French declension. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198712329.003.0003.

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Old French noun inflection emerged and disappeared early in the history of the French language. A number or reasons are examined including the nature of sound changes occurring between Late Latin and Old French. Paradigm structure is another reason. The declensional paradigms of masculine nouns produced a mismatch between morphological and semantic defaults for the number and case features. This was because the non-default values of these features came to be expressed by a morphologically default, uninflected word-form, thus resulting in a system that was both weird in terms of the morphology-semantics interface and probably hard to acquire and to process. Repairing the mismatch entailed giving up declension in favour of a simple number contrast where the semantic non-defaultness of plurality matches the inflectedness of the plural form. Default considerations thus played the role of analogy in the Neogrammarian scenario of language change, restoring order where sound change had created chaos.

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41

Nilipour, Reza. Neurolinguistics. Edited by Anousha Sedighi and Pouneh Shabani-Jadidi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198736745.013.18.

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This chapter summarizes some first neurolinguistic studies conducted in Persian, using patholinguistic data taken from monolingual and bilingual brain-damaged patients, as well as five first neuroimaging studies in healthy native speakers of Persian. The patholinguistic data are extracted from formal clinical linguistic assessments of a heterogeneous group of brain-damaged patients with different etiologies and brain lesion sites. The data are indicative of general agrammatic features of ‘syntactic simplification’ and ‘morphological regression’ reported in cross-language studies, along with language-particular agrammatic features in spoken and written modalities for Persian consequent to brain damage. The present patholinguistic data are also suggestive of a ‘non-unitary’ model of aphasia as a symptom complex phenomenon with disruptions of independent linguistic levels consequent to different lesion sites. The data are not supportive of independent production and comprehension language centres claimed in ‘classical model’ of brain and language but in support of new non-narrow localization brain–language models.

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42

Adamec, Lubomír. Ecophysiology of aquatic carnivorous plants. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779841.003.0019.

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About 60 species of the genera Aldrovanda and Utricularia are submersed aquatic or amphibious carnivorous plants. They all are strictly rootless and take up mineral nutrients for their growth from the ambient water and captured prey through their trap-bearing shoots. These species represent a specific ecophysiological group that are dissimilar in their principal morphological and physiological features from terrestrial carnivorous plants and from rooted and nonrooted aquatic noncarnivorous plants. I review the ecology of habitats of aquatic carnivorous plants; characteristics of their growth traits, photosynthesis, and mineral nutrition; regulation of the investment in carnivory in Utricularia; biophysical and physiological peculiarities of Utricularia traps; and turion ecophysiology. Open questions of the ecophysiology of aquatic carnivorous plants are discussed.

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43

Wang, Lilian. Amorphous/Indistinct Calcifications (Group). Edited by Christoph I. Lee, Constance D. Lehman, and Lawrence W. Bassett. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190270261.003.0039.

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Amorphous calcifications are calcifications that are sufficiently small and/or hazy that a more specific morphological classification cannot be made. Historically, such calcifications were referred to as “indistinct” calcifications. The likelihood of malignancy and the management of amorphous calcifications largely depend on their distribution. This chapter, appearing in the section on calcifications, reviews the key imaging and clinical features, imaging protocols and pitfalls, differential diagnosis with radiology–pathology correlation, and management recommendations for amorphous/indistinct calcifications in a group. Topics discussed include spot magnification views for characterization, role of distribution in BI-RADS assessment, and pathological entities, including fibrocystic change, milk of calcium, atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).

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Dworkin, Steven N. Anthology of texts. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199687312.003.0006.

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This short anthology contains extracts from three Castilian prose texts, one from the second half of the thirteenth century (General estoria IV of Alfonso X the Wise), one from the first half of the fourteenth century (El conde Lucanor of don Juan Manuel), and one from near the mid-point of the fifteenth century (Atalaya de las corónicas of Alfonso Martínez de Toledo, Arcipreste de Talavera). These passages illustrate in context many of the phonological, orthographic, morphological, syntactic, and lexical features of medieval Hispano-Romance described in the body of this book. A linguistic commentary discussing relevant forms and constructions, as well as the meaning of lexical items no longer used or employed with different meanings in modern Spanish, with cross references to the appropriate sections in the five main chapters, accompanies each selection.

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Wang, Lilian. Amorphous/Indistinct Calcifications (Regional/Diffuse). Edited by Christoph I. Lee, Constance D. Lehman, and Lawrence W. Bassett. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190270261.003.0040.

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Amorphous calcifications are calcifications that are sufficiently small and/or hazy that a more specific morphological classification cannot be made. Historically, such calcifications were referred to as “indistinct” calcifications. The likelihood of malignancy and the management of amorphous calcifications largely depend on their distribution. The majority of amorphous calcifications are benign, most often due to fibrocystic change (60%). Sclerosing adenosis commonly occurs in perimenopausal women and is associated with a 1.5–2.1x relative risk for development of breast cancer. This chapter, appearing in the section on calcifications, reviews the key imaging and clinical features, imaging protocols and pitfalls, differential diagnosis, and management recommendations for amorphous/indistinct calcifications in a regional or diffuse distribution. Topics discussed include influence of distribution on risk of malignancy and pathological entities, including sclerosing adenosis.

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46

Ackerman, Farrell, and Olivier Bonami. Systemic polyfunctionality and morphology–syntax interdependencies. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198712329.003.0010.

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The chapter examines classes of grammatical markers that can serve more than one function, polyfunctional markers, spoiling the one-to-one form and function relation which is what morphology tends to do. There are areas of the grammar more prone to this behaviour suggesting that there may be at work principles of morphological organization that lie orthogonally to sign-based principles such as Transparency. The distributions attested in Tundra Nenets provide a fertile ground for exploration because they combine polyfunctionality with cumulative exponence, where a single paradigm indexes two sets of features. Recasting Blevins’ (2016) abstractive analysis as a default inheritance hierarchy the analysis is guided by insights from Paradigm Function Morphology and Sign Based Construction Grammar, and treats polyfunctionality as the realization of a unifying morphomic feature that abstracts away what is common between different morphosyntactic configurations.

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Mazzolai, Barbara. Growth and tropism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0009.

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Plants or plant parts, such as roots or leaves, have the capacity of moving by growing in response to external stimuli with high plasticity and morphological adaptation to the environment. This chapter analyses some plant features and how they have been translated in artificial devices and control. A new generation of ICT hardware and software technologies inspired from plants is described, which includes an artificial root-like prototype that moves in soil imitating the sloughing mechanism of cells at the root apex level; as well as innovative osmotic-based actuators that generate movement imitating turgor variation in the plant cells. As future directions, new technologies expected from the study of plants concern energy-efficient actuation systems, chemical and physical microsensors, sensor fusion techniques, kinematics models, and distributed, adaptive control in networked structures with local information and communication capabilities.

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Cardim, Nuno, Denis Pellerin, and Filipa Xavier Valente. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0042.

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a common inherited heart disease caused by genetic mutations in cardiac sarcomeric proteins. Although most patients are asymptomatic and many remain undiagnosed, the clinical presentation and natural history include sudden cardiac death, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Echocardiography plays an essential role in the diagnosis, serial monitoring, prognostic stratification, and family screening. Advances in Doppler myocardial imaging and deformation analysis have improved preclinical diagnosis as well as the differential diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy. Finally, echocardiography is closely involved in patient selection and in intraoperative guidance and monitoring of septal reduction procedures. This chapter describes the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, role of echocardiography, morphological features, differential diagnosis, diagnostic criteria in first-degree relatives, echo guidance for the treatment of symptomatic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, and follow-up and monitoring of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

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Polis, Stéphane. The Scribal Repertoire of Amennakhte Son of Ipuy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198768104.003.0005.

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This chapter investigates linguistic variation in the texts written by the Deir el-Medina scribe Amennakhte son of Ipuy in New Kingdom Egypt (Twentieth Dynasty; c. 1150 BCE). After a discussion of the challenge posed by the identification of scribes and authors in this sociocultural setting, I provide an overview of the corpus of texts that can tentatively be linked to this individual and justify the selection that has been made for the present study. The core of this paper is then devoted to a multidimensional analysis of Amennakhte’s linguistic registers. By combining the results of this section with a description of Amennakhte’s scribal habits—both at the graphemo-morphological and constructional levels—I test the possibility of using ‘idiolectal’ features to identify the scribe (or the author) of other texts stemming from the community of Deir el-Medina and closely related to Amennakhte.

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Mahmoodi-Bakhtiari, Behrooz. Morphology. Edited by Anousha Sedighi and Pouneh Shabani-Jadidi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198736745.013.10.

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This chapter is a description of Persian morphology, which intends to provide a general sketch of the morphological features and processes found in Persian. Therefore, after a general study of the Persian morphemes, nominal and verbal morphologies of Persian are introduced, together with a description of the compounding process in both, as well as other methods of word formation in Persian. In our general sketch of the Persian Morphemes, lexical and functional morphemes are presented, and in the study of functional morphemes, free and bound ones have been studied. In terms of Persian nominal morphology, our study of the pronominal morphology preceeds the study of the nouns, and in verbal morphology, the verb with its structure and functions has been studied. In a separate part on compounding, this very common word-formation process of Persian has been presented, and the minor word-formation types of Persian morphology have also been considered.

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