Academic literature on the topic 'Morphological meaning'
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Journal articles on the topic "Morphological meaning"
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Harutyunyan, Anahit. "SIMPLE WORDS IN ANCIENT ARMENIAN LANGUAGE (GRABAR), COMBINING ADJECTIVE/NOUN MEANINGS." JOURNAL FOR ARMENIAN STUDIES 2, no. 61 (2023): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/journalforarmenianstudies.v2i61.45.
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In grabar there are words with morphological meaning that is split between different parts of the speech. Combinations of more than one speech category represent those words. Those words are referred to as multiple-meaning words. Morphologically polysemantic words in diachronic reality, in the synchronic aspect of the language, can equally combine more than one morphological meaning with the associated syntactic functions. Units belonging to different parts of speech, being in one group or another (noun, adjective, etc.), i.e. grouped according to some common semantic, morphological and syntactic features, nevertheless undergo changes to one degree or another in the course of the historical development of language, because language is a constantly developing phenomenon. In this article, we examined the simple words in grabar, that combine the adjective/noun morphology, and acquired multiple meaning as a result of speech part transitions. Syntactic use of such terms expresses their morphological meanings. According to syntactic application, an adjective becomes a noun when it receives a suffix and a declension and takes on the subject meaning of the complimentary word. Frequent use of adjectives as nouns can split their basic partial meaning and undergo substantiation. Particularly, adjectives that go with personal nouns are entrenched in the language as characteristic terms as well as personal nouns since they are used interchangeably. Words that combine adjective/noun meanings are met in grabar grammar books under the term "medium". Due to their lexical features, these words express: a) personality and personality characteristics, b) personality and characteristics of the person and subject.
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Bozic, Mirjana, William D. Marslen-Wilson, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis, Matthew H. Davis, and Lorraine K. Tyler. "Differentiating Morphology, Form, and Meaning: Neural Correlates of Morphological Complexity." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 19, no. 9 (2007): 1464–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2007.19.9.1464.
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The role of morphological structure in word recognition raises issues about the nature and structure of the language system. One major issue is whether morphological factors provide an independent principle for lexical organization and processing, or whether morphological effects can be reduced to the joint contribution of form and meaning. The independence of form, meaning, and morphological structure can be directly investigated using derivationally complex words, because derived words can share form but need not share meaning (e.g., archer-arch). We used an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm to investigate priming between pairs of words that potentially shared a stem, where this link was either semantically transparent (e.g., bravely-brave) or opaque (e.g., archer-arch). These morphologically related pairs were contrasted with identity priming (e.g., mist-mist) and priming for pairs of words that shared only form (e.g., scandal-scan) or meaning (e.g., accuse-blame). Morphologically related words produced significantly reduced activation in left frontal regions, whether the pairs were semantically transparent or opaque. The effect was not found for any of the control conditions (identity, form, or meaning). Morphological effects were observed separately from processing form and meaning and we propose that they reflect segmentation of complex derived words, a process triggered by surface morphological structure of complex words.
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CARR, LAURA, and JUDITH JOHNSTON. "Morphological cues to verb meaning." Applied Psycholinguistics 22, no. 4 (2001): 601–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716401004064.
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Two experiments investigated the role of inflections in verb learning. In Study I, 3- to 5-year-olds with typical language development were asked to extend novel verbs to new instances. They heard the verbs inflected with either -ed or -ing and were given a forced choice between events that maintained either the activity or the result of the original event. The younger children selected events according to the verb inflection: same-activity events for -ing and same-result events for -ed. Older preschoolers chose same-result events throughout. Study II was conducted to investigate the nature of this causal bias. A group of 4- to 5-year-olds with specific language impairment completed the same verb extension task. They were equivalent to the older Study I children in age and IQ but were at lower language levels than the younger group. Children in the SLI group used neither the inflectional strategy nor the same-result strategy. Findings from the two studies point to a developmental period during which children treat inflectional cues as reliable guides to verb meaning. The discussion focuses on the rise and fall of such inflectional bootstrapping and the linguistic character of the same-result bias that replaces it.
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HARUTYUNYAN, ANAHIT. "WORDS IN OLD ARMENIAN LANGUAGE (GRABAR), COMBINING ADVERB/ PREPOSITION MEANINGS." JOURNAL FOR ARMENIAN STUDIES 4, no. 63 (2024): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/journalforarmenianstudies.v4i63.70.
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In Grabar there are words with morphological meaning that is split between different parts of the speech. Combinations of more than one speech category represent those words. Those words are referred to as multiple-meaning words. Multiple-meaning words in diachronic reality, in the synchronic aspect of the language, can equally combine more than one morphological meaning with the associated syntactic functions. In this article, we examined those words in Grabar, that combine the adverb/preposition morphology, and acquired multiple meaning in consequence of speech part transitions. Syntactic use of such terms expresses their morphological meanings. The words that combine the meanings of an adverb/preposition in Grabar can be used in conjunction with a real/material significance, in considered case in the multiple-meaning of an adverb, in another combination - in the meaning of a preposition. As prepositions, these words require the use of the genitive (above, on the contrary, under // inside, etc.), dative (similar, like), accusative (as if, close), ablative (subtly, far, detached), instrumental (around) cases. By transmitting parts of speech with material meaning, the system of parts of speech with grammatical meaning is being enriched. In Grabar, the words expressed relations with prepositions, were transmitted from adverbs, and consequently can be used as prepositions in sentences.
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Sari, Rafica. "COMPOUNDING IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TERMS: A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 13, no. 1 (2013): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v13i1.755.
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AbstrakDalam linguistik merupakan proses pembentukan kata yang sangat produktif dua kata atau lebih digabungkan menjadi sebuah kata baru. Proses ini sering dijumpai pada pembentukan kata atau istilah baru dalam bidang teknologi informasi. Compound word (kata majemuk) pada istilah-istilah bidang teknologi informasi adakalanya memiliki makna yang berbeda dari makna leksikal pembentuk kata majemuknya. Oleh karena itu, makalah ini ditulis untuk mendeskripsikan kata majemuk yang terdapat pada istilah teknologi informasi, mendeskripsikan cara penulisannya, dan mendeskripsikan makna leksikal pada kata majemuk tersebut. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif, diketahui bahwa kata majemuk dalam teknologi informasi memiliki beberapa kombinasi elemen dengan cara penulisan menggunakan open form, hyphenated-form, dan closed/solid form. Makna kata majemukyang terbentuk dari proses compounding pada istilah teknologi informasi ternyata lebih banyak mempertahankan makna leksikal dari masing-masing kata pembentuknya daripada membentuk makna baru. Kata-kata kunci: compounding, istilah teknologi informasi, makna leksikal. AbstractIn linguistic it is a process of word formation that is very productive in which two or more words are combined into a new word. This process is often found in the formation of new words or terms in the field of information technology. Compound words for terms in the field of information technology sometimes have a different meaning from the lexical meaning of each word that makes up the compound words. Therefore, this paper is written to describe compound words contained in information technology terms, to describes how to write them, and to describe lexical meanings of the compound words. Based on the analysis using a descriptive method, it was found that compound words in information technology have some combinations of elements by way of writing using open form, hyphenated-form, and closed/solid form. Meanings of compound words that are formed through the compounding process in the information technology terms seem to maintain lexical meaning of each constituent word rather than forming new meanings. Keywords: compounding, information technology terms, lexical meaning
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Скоробогатова, Елена Александровна. "УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫЕ СПОСОБЫ АКТУАЛИЗАЦИИ МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ФОРМ И ЗНАЧЕНИЙ В ЯЗЫКЕ РУССКОЙ ПОЭЗИИ". Русская филология: Вестник Харьковского национального педагогического университета имени Г.С. Сковороды, № 56 (4 квітня 2016): 17–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.48879.
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<em>Grammatical ideas of Kharkiv Linguopoetic School are being developed in the article. Means of verse actualisation of morphological level units’ meanings and forms have been singled out and described. It is asserted that notional poetic potential of the unit depends on its grammatical nature (part-of-speech and categorical meaning, capability to transformations and interaction), while actualisation in verse structure is under the laws of poetic functioning. Basic means of actualisation (that are used for singling out all the parts of speech) are characterized as universal ones. They are attraction, selection and juxtaposition. It is specified that grammemes localisation in strong positions of a verse line and poetical composition emphasizes the form and the meaning of morphological units and combinations.</em>
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Hamdani, Wagino Hamid, and Maman Abdurrahman. "FENOMENA POLISEMIK BAHASA ARAB DALAM AL-QUR’AN DAN IMPLIKASI PEMBELAJARANNYA." Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 14, no. 1 (2014): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v14i1.699.
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This study aims to reveal the Arabic polysemy in the Koran and its variation of lexico-grammatical meaning. Ten forms of polysemy were obtained, namely, (فَعيل), (فِعال), (فَعْلان فُعْلان - فِعْلان), (فُعُل),(فَعَلَة), (فُعُوْل), (تفعَّل), (تفَعّلُوا), (أفْعَل), and (فَعَل). Each contains four morphological meanings, three morphological meanings, four morphological meanings, three morphological meanings, five morphological meanings, three morphological meanings, two morphological meanings, four morphological meanings, four morphological meanings, and five morphological meanings, respectively. The appearance of the Arabic polysemy in the Koran is attributed to (i) the process associated with the application of morphophonemic hadzf, ta mudhara'ah, (ii) the morphological process which includes morf, morfem, tauzi’ sharfy, and tahlil dakhili lil kalimah, and (iii) the morphosyntactic process which includes tauzi' sharfy-tarkiby, tarkib idhafi, and tarkib 'adadi. In general (61.38%), the Arabic polysemic forms in the Koran have lexico-grammatical variations including repetitive (33.83%), synonyms (11.11%), polisemic (6.80%), and grammatical (9,50). In addition, there are two polysemic forms, namely: (فعْلان) and (فعَلة) which have a lexical-grammatical variety in the high category (77.78%) and (72.00%), the other four (4) polisemic Arabic forms, namely: (أفعلَ) (فعِيل), (فعَل), and (فعُول) have high levels of lexico-grammatical variation in the medium category: (63.81%), (66.04 %), (68.52%) and (69.87%), respectively.
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Slyambekov, K. "GRAMMATICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE CATEGORY OF MODALITY IN THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE." Tiltanym 86, no. 2 (2022): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.55491/2411-6076-2022-2-83-94.
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The category of modality expresses the speaker’s attitude to the connection that he establishes between the content of a given utterance and reality, i.e., attitude to attitude. This article examines the category of modality as a phenomenon of grammatical forms and its representation. The analysis of the features of modal words, mood, modal verb forms in the transmission of modal meaning is carried out. And we are also talking about the specifics of modal meaning in other Turkic languages, including the semantic differences between the languages of Kazakh and Karakalpak. Opinions are given regarding the allocation of modal words as a lexico-semantic class.The category of modality can be considered both in morphological and syntactic, as well as in lexical aspect. The modal meaning is first expressed in grammatical forms. The article will touch upon the most frequently used language techniques in creating modal meaning, as well as the features of the transmission of modal meaning in moods. There are many grammatical ways to convey modal meaning, including purely grammatical and lexico-grammatical, morphological and syntactic techniques. Modality can be defined as a complex category that can be conveyed syntactically, morphologically and lexically. Although the article considers grammatical representative models of giving modal meaning, morphological approaches are becoming increasingly important. Syntactic approaches will be discussed briefly. In our opinion, syntactic methods of transmitting modal meaning are becoming increasingly associated with extralinguistic factors.
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Lavric, Aureliu, Amanda Clapp, and Kathleen Rastle. "ERP Evidence of Morphological Analysis from Orthography: A Masked Priming Study." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 19, no. 5 (2007): 866–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2007.19.5.866.
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There is broad consensus that the visual word recognition system is sensitive to morphological structure (e.g., “hunter” = “hunt” + “er”). Moreover, it has been assumed that the analysis of morphologically complex words (e.g., “hunter”) occurs only if the meaning of the complex form can be derived from the meanings of its constituents (e.g., “hunt” and “er”). However, recent behavioral work using masked priming has suggested that morphological analysis can occur at an early, orthographic level, with little influence from semantics. The present investigation examined the neurophysiological correlates of masked priming in conditions of a genuine morphological relationship (e.g., “hunter”-“HUNT”), an apparent morphological relationship (“corner”-“CORN”), and no morphological relationship (“brothel”-“BROTH”). Neural priming was indexed by the reduction of the N400 ERP component associated with targets preceded by related primes, as compared to targets preceded by unrelated primes. The mere appearance of morphological structure (“corner”-“CORN”) resulted in robust behavioral and neural priming, whose magnitude was similar to that observed in pairs with genuine morphological relationship and greater than that in the nonmorphological pairs. The results support a purely structural morphemic segmentation procedure operating in the early stages of visual word perception.
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Angelita, Tasya, Muna Oktaviana, and Bakdal Ginanjar. "PROSES MORFOLOGIS DALAM BAHASA MINANG DIALEK SIMPANG EMPAT DI PASAMAN BARAT." Hasta Wiyata 5, no. 2 (2022): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.hastawiyata.2022.005.02.04.
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This study aims to describe and determine the form, function and meaning that occurs in the morphological process of the Minang language in Simpang Empat, West Pasaman. In analyzing the data, this study used a qualitative descriptive method. Data in Minang language translated into Indonesian. The function and meaning of prefixes, infixes, and suffixes in the study of morphological processes. This is the basis for research that departs to describe the measuring data used. There are forms of processes and meanings in morphological studies that include prefixes, suffixes, and infixes in the Minang language. There are four types of affixes in Minang language, namely ba-, man-, pa-, di, ka-, ta-, -an, di-an, ba-an, pan-an, and ka-an. The meaning of the affix will be formed according to the affix attached to the root word. The function of affixes in the Minang language is to change the type of word from other types of words.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Morphological meaning"
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Full, Wolfram. "Two past tenses in Comorian: morphological form and inherent meaning." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-91542.
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Comorian is a Bantu language spoken on the Comoro Islands, a small archipelago between the East African coast and the northern tip of Madagascar. It is usually grouped within the Sabaki languages together with Swahili, Mwani, Elwana, Pokorno and Mijikenda (Nurse & Hinnebusch 1993: 4-19). Internally Comorian is divided into different dialects. In congruence with the four main islands, four dialects of Comorian are usually distinguished in the linguistic literature (Ahmed- Charnanga 1992:13; Nurse & Hinnebusch 1993: 18): Shingazija on the island of Ngazija (Grande Comore), Shimwali on Mwali (Moheli), Shinzwani on Nzwani (Anjouan) and Shimaore on Maore (Mayotte). These four dialects are arranged into two dialect groups (Shingazija/ Shimwali vs. Shinzwani/Shimaore) which are supposed to reflect peculiar linguistic similarities and differences.
Although, in general, the greatest morphological differences between the Comorian dialects are within the TAM-markers, the past tense is morphologically quite homogeneous. Therefore dialectal differences do not play a dominant role for the subject of this paper. Two different past tense forms frequently used in everyday speech will be treated here: one morphological simple (one word) form and one compound (two word) form combining the auxiliary -ka (be) with the main verb. They will be discussed first from a formal point of view demonstrating the rules to create the morphosyntactical form. After this they are treated with regard to their semantic contents. The results presented here are based on a one year dialectological research on the Comoro Islands 1996-97. Interviews were made in 56 towns and villages on all four islands of the archipelago.
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Lim, Phyllis Louise. "Meaning versus verbatim memory in language processing: Deriving inferential, morphological, and metaphorical gist." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186487.
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Adult memory for verbatim and gist information was tested immediately and after a 12-day delay in three experiments within the framework of fuzzy-trace theory, (e.g., Brainerd & Reyna, 1990; Reyna & Brainerd, 1991) using a crossed, within-subjects false recognition design which controlled for the amount of verbatim and gist in recognition stimuli and for the difficulties mentioned by Fletcher (1992). Instruction to recognize gist or verbatim information was a between-subjects factor. Experiment 1 investigated sentence recognition and misrecognition of inferences for spatial and linear sentences. Subjects exhibited both verbatim memory for the presented premises and gist intrusion for sentences that differed in surface form but shared the same gist. Relationships between presented premises and their inferences were independent when subjects interrogated verbatim traces to answer memory questions, and gist traces to answer reasoning (inference) questions. Subjects used gist to verify sentences in the meaning condition, and dependencies between premises and inferences were largely positively dependent. Overall, Experiment 1 replicated Reyna and Kiernan's (in press) findings with children, suggesting that adults do not qualitatively differ from children in the processing of verbatim and gist representations. Experiment 1's results rule out a constructivist account of memory (e.g., Bransford and Franks, 1971). Experiment 2 investigated recognition of inflected (e.g., past tense and plural) verb and noun word pairs, and misrecognition of analogous pairs. Results were similar to Experiment 1 as subjects used verbatim traces for verification in the memory condition. When processing for patterns, however, some subjects appeared to use a phonological rule, whereas others appeared to use a semantic rule. Experiment 3 investigated recognition of interpretations of novel Literal and Perceptual metaphors. Results were largely similar to those of Experiments 1 and 2. However, negative dependencies were found between presented metaphors and their interpretations in the memory condition, supporting the principle of discrepancy detection (e.g., Loftus, 1979). Evidence disconfirmed stage models of metaphor interpretation in which literal precedes figurative interpretation. Results were explained by two models of interpretation depending on metaphor type (Literal or Perceptual). Individual differences in gist versus verbatim processing were found in adults across the three experiments.
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Goodwin, Amanda P. "Does Meaning Matter For Reading Achievement? Untangling the Role of Phonological Recoding and Morphological Awareness in Predicting Word Decoding, Reading Vocabulary, and Reading Comprehension Achievement for Spanish-Speaking English Language Learners." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/424.
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This study examined the unique contributions of morphological awareness and phonological recoding to word decoding, reading comprehension, and reading vocabulary for 197 Spanish-speaking English language learners enrolled in the fifth grade. The study also explored the contribution of phonological recoding, measured by accuracy on a pseudo-word decoding task, to the prediction of the same components of reading achievement. Specifically the study explored whether the contribution of phonological recoding changed when morphological awareness and oral vocabulary (a mediator of reading achievement) were added as predictors. To examine unique contributions, morphological awareness was separated from phonological and orthographic confounds present in opaque morphological relationships by using structural equation modeling to construct a latent variable stemming from the shared variance of four morphological tasks with different levels of morphological transparency, and therefore different phonological and orthographic processing demands. A latent variable of phonological recoding was also created. Findings indicated that when controlling for phonological recoding, morphological awareness made a significant and meaningful contribution to passage comprehension and reading vocabulary, but not word decoding with oral vocabulary acting as a significant mediator of this relationship. The study also found that phonological recoding was a significant predictor of each reading outcome when morphological awareness was not included as a predictor, but only significantly predicted word reading when controlling for morphological awareness. Significance of these findings to research and the need for additional morphological instruction within educational settings are discussed.
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Kamanga, Chimwemwe Mayinde Mystic. "Meaning in "neaming" : the processing of word puns involving morphological and syntactic transposition using the "reverse principle"." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1458.
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The word pun is one of the figures of speech that people employ in everyday communication and especially in literary works in order to advance intricate aspects of meaning that may not be easy to express using 'plain' language. The word pun generally provides a speaker with an opportunity to mean more while saying less instead of saying more while meaning less. Considering the facts that people primarily communicate in order to exchange meaning, and that meaning can be very elusive and controversial, there are two questions about the use of the word pun. Can people understand the meaning in word puns? And, if they can, how do they do so? These questions are especially relevant in the case of literary works because the author is far removed from the audience. As such, there is no room for the negotiation of meaning. The current study probes these two questions by considering two types of word pun, Chiasmus and Metathesis, which are composed through the transposition of the morphological and or syntactic order of expressions. At a theoretical level, the study explores and explains the common underlying processes that guide the comprehension of the word puns. Further than that, it demonstrates through a case study that people are able to understand the word puns by using what the study proposes to be the reverse principle. Ultimately, the study illustrates how people derive meaning of utterances through interplay of the different subsystems of the language system. The word puns in this study present a good context in which to explore interfaces between semantics and other language fields by linking insights drawn from different fields of linguistic enquiry to the concept of meaning and demonstrating how aspects of all these come together in explaining the processing of word puns that involve morphological and syntactic transposition. Additionally, the study demonstrates that people understand the world by relating concepts to one another because of the underlying relationships existing between concepts and by virtue of the relationships that hold between and among words or word parts.<br>Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2007.
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Χαιρετάκης, Γεώργιος. "Δια-διαλεκτική σύγκριση στη σύνθεση των νεοελληνικών διαλέκτων". Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/8513.
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Στόχος της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής εργασίας είναι η περιγραφή και η σύγκριση της μορφολογικής διαδικασίας της σύνθεσης στις νεοελληνικές διαλέκτους όπως προκύπτει από την ανάλυση 2500 συνθέτων από τρεις διαφορετικές διαλέκτους, την Κρητική, την Ποντιακή και την Επτανησιακή. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο γίνεται μία σύντομη επισκόπηση των ορισμών που έχουν προταθεί για τη σύνθεση αναδεικνύοντας τους λόγους που καθιστούν δύσκολη τη διατύπωση ενός ορισμού που να ανταποκρίνεται διαγλωσσικά. Επίσης, παρουσιάζονται οι βασικές ιδιότητες που διέπουν τη σύνθεση της ελληνικής γλώσσας και τα βασικά χαρακτηριστικά που διαχωρίζουν τη σύνθεση από τις υπόλοιπες μορφολογικές διαδικασίες (π.χ. παραγωγή) αλλά και από τη σύνταξη κυρίως με βάση τις μελέτες της Ράλλη (2007) και Ralli (2013). Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο εξετάζονται τα κατηγοριακά σχήματα πάνω στα οποία δομούνται τα σύνθετα στις τρεις υπό εξέταση διαλέκτους και στη συνέχεια συγκρίνεται η παραγωγικότητά τους. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο τα σύνθετα ταξινομούνται με βάση τις γραμματικές σχέσεις των συστατικών τους. Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο μελετάται η σχέση μορφής και σημασίας και προτείνεται η διαίρεση των συνθέτων σε τρεις μεγάλες τάξεις: α) διαφανή, β) ημιδιαφανή και γ) αδιαφανή σύνθετα. Στο πέμπτο και έκτο κεφάλαιο εξετάζεται η σχέση της σύνθεσης με την παραγωγή και την κλίση αντίστοιχα μέσα από τα δεδομένα των τριών διαλέκτων. Τέλος, στο έβδομο κεφάλαιο μελετάται η συχνότητα εμφάνισης θεμάτων ξενικής προέλευσης ως συστατικά των συνθέτων στις τρεις αυτές διαλέκτους.<br>The aim of this master thesis is to describe and compare the morphological process of compounding in Modern Greek dialects based on the analysis of 2500 compounds. Data comes from three dialects, namely, Cretan, Pontic, and Heptanesian. The first chapter briefly presents some of the definitions which have been proposed for compounding highlighting the reasons that make the formulation of a definition that applies cross-linguistically a difficult task. It also presents the basic properties that govern the formation of Greek compounds and the main characteristics that distinguish compounding from the other morphological processes (e.g. derivation) and from syntactic operations based on the studies of Ralli (2007) and Ralli (2013). The second chapter presents the main patterns which are involved in the compounding process and compares their productivity cross-dialectally. In chapter three compounds are classified according to the grammatical relations between their components. The fourth chapter examines the relation between form and meaning and it suggests a division of compounds in three large classes: a) transparent, b) semi-transparent and c)opaque. The next two chapters examine the relation between compounding andderivation and inflection respectively. Finally, chapter seven examines whether stems of foreign origin appear frequently as components of compounds in these dialects.
Books on the topic "Morphological meaning"
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Skommer, Grzegorz. Morphological and syntactic intensifiers of meaning in Norvegian. Wydawn. Nauk. Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 1992.
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J, Richards Robert. The meaning of evolution: The morphological construction and ideological reconstruction of Darwin's theory. University of Chicago Press, 1992.
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Benacchio, Rosanna, Alessio Muro, and Svetlana Slavkova, eds. The role of prefixes in the formation of aspectuality. Firenze University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-698-9.
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One of the most widely debated topics in Slavic linguistics has always been verbal aspect, which takes different forms because of the various grammaticalization paths which led to its emergence. In the formation of the category of aspect in Slavic languages, a key role was played by the morphological mechanism of prefixation (a.k.a. preverbation), whereby the prefixes (which originally performed the function of markers of adverbial meanings) came to act as markers of boundedness. This volume contains thirteen articles on the mechanism of prefixation, written by leading international scholars in the field of verbal aspect. Ancient and modern Slavic varieties, as well as non-Slavic and even non-Indo-European languages, are represented, making the volume an original and significant contribution to Slavic as well as typological linguistics.
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J, Richards Robert. Meaning of Evolution: The Morphological Construction and Ideological Reconstruction of Darwin's Theory. University of Chicago Press, 2013.
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J, Richards Robert. Meaning of Evolution: The Morphological Construction and Ideological Reconstruction of Darwin's Theory. University of Chicago Press, 2010.
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Gisborne, Nikolas, and Andrew Hippisley, eds. Defaults in Morphological Theory. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198712329.001.0001.
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Default-based analyses of linguistic data are most prevalent in morphological descriptions because morphology is pervaded by idiosyncrasy and irregularity, and defaults allow for a representation of the facts by construing regularity not as all or nothing but as a matter of degree. Defaults manifest themselves in a variety of ways in a group of morphological theories that have received much attention in the last few years, and whose main ideas and claims have been recently consolidated as important monographs. In May 2012 a workshop was convened at the University of Kentucky in Lexington to show-case default usage in four prominent theories of morphology. The presenters were key proponents of the theories, in most cases a theory’s author. The role of defaults was outlined in Construction Morphology, Network Morphology, Paradigm Function Morphology, and Word Grammar. With reference to these theories, as well as the lexical syntactic framework of HPSG, this book addresses questions about the role of defaults in the lexicon, including: (1) Does a defaults-based account of language have implications for the architecture of the grammar, particularly the proposal that morphology is an autonomous component? (2) How does a default differ from the canonical or prototypical in morphology? (3) Do defaults have a psychological basis? (4) How do defaults help us understand language as a sign-based system that is flawed, where the one to one association of form and meaning breaks down in the morphology?
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Freeden, Michael. The Morphological Analysis of Ideology. Edited by Michael Freeden and Marc Stears. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199585977.013.0034.
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The chapter examines the recent approach to ideology as an actual and ubiquitous combination of decontested political concepts, whose micro-morphological arrangements are the key to the specific meaning each ideological family contains. Shifting proximities and relative weights accorded to those concepts produce multiple ideological variants. Ideologies are pivotal to the discipline of political theory, discernible both in professional and vernacular thinking, and serve as discursive competitions over the control of public political language. Notions of essential contestability, theories of symbolic mapping, and a focus on actual rather than normative political thinking shed light on their semantic significance. Ideologies are permanent phenomena ranging from the flexible to the rigid, and the boundaries that seem to separate one ideology from another may be loose and mutating, challenging the traditional association of ideologies with political parties. In parallel, the study of ideology involves decoding and interpretation, not its juxtaposition with truth.
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Maiden, Martin. Morphomic patterns, suppletion, and the Romance morphological landscape. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199660216.003.0011.
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This chapter uses especially cases of suppletion in the history of Romance languages to illustrate the role of morphomic patterns in diachrony. It also places Romance verb morphology in the wider context of Romance inflexional morphology, including those of the noun and of the adjective. It observes that suppletion practically never assumes anything but a morphomic distribution and is practically limited to the verb. Comparison is made with some Italo-Romance and Daco-Romance varieties where suppletion is indeed (occasionally) found in the noun and adjective (and is usually not morphomic). The evidence suggests that speakers, faced with different ways of expressing identical lexical meaning, exploit whatever patterns of root allomorphy happen to be already available in the language. In the Romance verb these are only morphomic; in the noun and adjective such patterns are scarcely found at all, but where they are they tend to be aligned with number.
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Richards, Robert J. The Meaning of Evolution: The Morphological Construction and Ideological Reconstruction of Darwin's Theory (Science and Its Conceptual Foundations series). University Of Chicago Press, 1993.
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Dressler, Wolfgang U., and Lavinia Merlini Barbaresi. Pragmatics and Morphology. Edited by Yan Huang. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199697960.013.20.
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Within a theory of morphopragmatics, we give an account of the relationship between morphology and pragmatics starting from two major theoretical premises: first, that pragmatics is not a secondary meaning derived from semantics—on the contrary we assume a priority of pragmatics over semantics—and second, that morphology is capable of a direct interface with pragmatics, not mediated through its semantics. Thus certain morphological patterns may generate autonomous pragmatic meanings, independently of their denotative power. Eligible patterns are primarily evaluative affixes (diminutives, augmentatives, pejoratives), familiarizers, like French -o, and hypocoristics, whose effects extend from the pertinent base word to the entire speech act. Other morphological elements, such as for example the Japanese honorific -masu and the Germanic and Hungarian excessive, limit their pragmatic scope to the word base. Some other morphological patterns are more marginal, for example feminine motional suffixes or pluralis maiestatis.
Book chapters on the topic "Morphological meaning"
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Kotowski, Sven, Katja Böer, and Holden Härtl. "Compounds vs. phrases: The cognitive status of morphological products." In Morphology and Meaning. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.327.13kot.
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Meys, Willem. "MORPHOLOGICAL MEANING AND THE STRUCTURE OF THE MENTAL LEXICON." In Meaning and the lexicon, edited by G. A. J. Hoppenbrouwers, P. A. M. Seuren, and A. J. M. M. Weijters. De Gruyter, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783111647425-011.
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Taft, Marcus. "Morphological Representation as a Correlation Between form and Meaning." In Reading Complex Words. Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3720-2_6.
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Pugh, Stefan M. "6. A Panchronic Approach to Morphological Competition in the East Slavic Substantive (Plural Paradigms)." In Toward a Calculus of Meaning. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sfsl.43.14pug.
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Nagano, Akiko, Alexandra Bagasheva, and Vincent Renner. "Chapter 1. Towards a competition-based word-formation theory." In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.284.01nag.
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This chapter provides an overview of the study of competition in word-formation theories, drawing on the findings of the ten chapters collected in this volume and other recent contributions. It explores recurrent issues regarding (i) the triggers and outcomes of competition, (ii) the variety of competing forms, and (iii) the synonymy condition for competition. With respect to the first set of research questions, a binary typology of form-based and meaning-based resolutions is identified, with each pole providing multiple ways to resolve competition. Next, for the form-related research questions, the distinction between macro‑ and micro-level competition is significant. Finally, the synonymy condition is reassessed through a careful comparison between morphologically simplex and complex lexemes, leading to a definition of competing rivals in word-formation as a set of formally suppletive morphological processes that produce propositional, near, or sense synonyms.
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Florentin, Moshe. "The Vocabulary of the Samaritan Pentateuch." In Interconnected Traditions: Semitic Languages, Literatures, Cultures—A Festschrift for Geoffrey Khan. Open Book Publishers, 2025. https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0463.13.
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The article provides an analysis of the vocabulary of the Samaritan Pentateuch, distinguishing it from the Masoretic Text in terms of phonology, morphology, and interpretive tradition. It highlights the Samaritan Pentateuch’s unique textual features, such as orthographic variations and phonological shifts, while noting its lack of uniformity compared to the Masoretic Text. Differences are examined through examples of morphological distinctions used for semantic differentiation, such as the specialised meanings of verbs and nouns in the Samaritan tradition. The study also explores the modernisation of the Samaritan Pentateuch’s language, with an emphasis on phonetic simplification and the reinterpretation of rare or archaic forms. Though differences in lexical inventory are rare, the Samaritan community’s interpretive traditions significantly shape the vocabulary and meaning of terms within the text.
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Enger, Hans-Olav. "Do affixes have meaning? Polarity in the Toten dialect of Norwegian meets morphological theory." In Yearbook of Morphology. Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4066-0_2.
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Pedersen, Johan. "Chapter 8. Danish verb prefixes and the schematizing transitive prefix construction." In Constructional Approaches to Nordic Languages. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cal.37.08ped.
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In a constructionist approach to grammar, morphological constructions and clausal constructions may have the same theoretical status as argument structure constructions (e.g., Goldberg, 1995, pp. 22–23; Croft, 2001; Booij, 2010). In this chapter, the author argues that the Danish verb prefixes be- and for-, in addition to verbal derivation, impose a lexeme-independent transitive argument structure construction with three meaning variants. In a large-scale corpus study, a distributional analysis of the prefix construction and its association with verbal base lexemes shows that the two constructional variants have a different semantic profile. While the potential productivity of be- and for- constructions is restricted, authentic examples of creative usage show that all constructional variants are partially productive in present-day Danish.
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Kantor, Benjamin Paul. "Healed by ‘his wound(s)’, ‘his bruising’, or ‘in his company’?" In Interconnected Traditions: Semitic Languages, Literatures, Cultures—A Festschrift for Geoffrey Khan. Open Book Publishers, 2025. https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0463.06.
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The article examines the philological and morphological issues surrounding the Hebrew term חֲבוּרָה in Isaiah 53.5, traditionally translated as ‘wound’ or ‘stripe.’ It proposes that the lack of dagesh to mark gemination in the bet in this instance reflects a unique reading tradition where the term may carry a meaning different from that of the more common חֲבֻּרָה (with gemination and dagesh). Drawing on historical Hebrew grammatical concepts, particularly dagesh mavḥin ‘secondary semantic gemination’, the study suggests that this distinction may have developed to differentiate semantic nuances in similar-sounding words. The article explores alternative interpretations, including the influence of Rabbinic Hebrew and Targum Jonathan, as well as broader implications for understanding vocalisation traditions and their exegetical impact on biblical texts. It also situates this analysis within the wider context of Second Temple and Medieval Hebrew traditions.
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Chen, Xueqi, and Feng Song. "From Feudalism to Socialism: Socialization Process and Changes in Political Meaning of the Built Environment in Traditional City Central Areas." In The Urban Book Series. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-77752-3_12.
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Abstract Institutional plot refers to the built environment with relatively strong political and power attributes in Conzenian School. Under the background of urban development and political change, the spatial organization and social relations of institutional plot changes with the use and accessibility, which has specific performance in core element, crowd flow, element organization and structure, reflect a lot of the political control of the city. It can be expressed in the following three forms: (1) Breakthrough of function, (2) Breakthrough of town plan and (3) Breakthrough of the accessibility. In this paper, two case studies corresponding to the above breakthrough processes were carried out in Beijing, which were located in the central location of traditional cities, the most representative expression of political space in China, experienced the historical change with political meanings from feudal to modern society. We believe that the findings can reflect the relationship between morphological transformation and urban political and social reform. In the process of socialist China’s transformation, the institutional plot and monumental space under the original feudal system have been transformed accordingly, which are long with the reshaping of society and citizens. A mechanism of influence should be established between the renewal of the institutional plot and the political, social and cultural conditions.
Conference papers on the topic "Morphological meaning"
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Kutafeva, N. V. "Expression with Meaning of Indefinite Quantity in Japanese Language." In IV Международный научный форум "Наследие". SB RAS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-6049863-1-8-106-111.
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This article deals with morphological and lexical markers of expression of indefinite quantity in Japanese language. We revealed that Japanese Internet dictionaries show different quantity expressed with marker suu. Among 40 Russian students answered on the question what quantity as you think is expressed with marker “some” 24 answered 3–5. Marker 以上ijou is polysemantic and depended on context. Suffix -あたり-atari expressing meaning of indefinites has restrictions on compatibility and is used with noun of a certain class and pronouns.
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Bedir, Talha, Karahan Şahin, Onur Gungor, et al. "Overcoming the challenges in morphological annotation of Turkish in universal dependencies framework." In Proceedings of The Joint 15th Linguistic Annotation Workshop (LAW) and 3rd Designing Meaning Representations (DMR) Workshop. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.law-1.12.
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Carlotti, Paolo. "Shape of cadastral plot and band of pertinence. Meaning for Architectural Design." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6327.
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Some our studies of urban morphology, implemented on historical and contemporary urban fabric maps, allow us to believe that the shape of the lot and of band of pertinence of a pathway are essential to reading the formative urban process. Different phases of formative process of an urban center seems, in fact, to be recognizable in the of shape of lot and interaction between lots and path. These morphological shapes (lots) are the result of different centrality that are produced in the building fabric and, consequently, the restructuring pathways are important for understanding rules and causes of urban and architectural transformation of the city. This paper aims to offer a contribution to the definition of the elements of urban morphology. This research, part of a series of research, carried out in the Lab. Lettura e Progetto dell’Architettura of the Faculty of Roma (Sapienza), tries to be implemented in some case studies: Murcia and San Mateu. References Merlin P. (1988) Morphologie urbaine at parcellaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifiques, Saint Denis. Larkham P.J., Conzen M.P.,(ed) (2014) Shapers of Urban Form. Explorations in Morphological agency, Routledge, London. Strappa G, Carlotti P., Camiz A. (2016), Urban Morphology an Historical Fabrics. Contemporary design of small town in Latium, Gangemi editore, Roma
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Khalid SALMAN, Malik. "THE ARABIC LANGUAGE AND ITS PLACE IN THE ISRAELI VERNACULAR." In VI. International Congress of Humanities and Educational Research. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/ijhercongress6-8.
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This research sheds light on the Arabic language and its place in the Israeli vernacular, and clarifies the means and ways in which the Arabic words that underwent many linguistic changes were quoted in terms of construction or semantic meaning. In addition to delving into the methods of quoting lexicography from the Arabic language and integrating it into the Israeli slang. As well as knowing the reasons that prompted the Jews to quote some Arabic words and speak in them, whether the quotation is words, morphological structures or semantic meanings, or reformulation of words and changing them to become appropriate in terms of phonetics or morphology, or adding suffixes to them, or extending the stress and employing it with terms and expressions common language
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EPIFANOVA, V. V. "ONOMASIOIGICAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF LEXIS IN THE FRAMES OF SEMANTIC FIELDS AT RFL CLASSES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SEMANTIC FIELD «LAUGHTER»)." In СЛОВО, ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЕ, ТЕКСТ В КОГНИТИВНОМ, ПРАГМАТИЧЕСКОМ И КУЛЬТУРОЛОГИЧЕСКОМ АСПЕКТАХ. Chelyabinsk State University Publishing House, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.47475/9785727119631_487.
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The article is devoted to a meaning-oriented approach to the study of Russian vocabulary at RFL classes which combines synonymous possibilities of various linguistic units of a certain semantic field (in particular, the semantic field “Laughter”), including idiomatic and free word combinations with the key lexemes of the field, their morphological changes, syntactic and semantic derivatives and phraseological units. The research gradually demonstrates the ways of presenting the main lexical material depending on studied meanings, gives the examples of their use in the National Corpus of Russian language, clarifies the features of their semantics and stylistics, provides grammatical restrictions in the studied constructions (case form, verbal control, etc.). The author demonstrates the examples of exercises to consolidate the educational material and practicing both receptive and productive speech actions.
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Ashrapov, B. P. "Comparative analysis of morphological peculiarities and usage level of suffixes -ак and -ча in the Tajik literary language referring to 18th and 20th centuries (on based M. Karminaga`s and S. Aini`s works )". У Актуальные проблемы лингвистики и лингводидактики в современных условиях : Материалы республиканской научно-практической конференции, Душанбе, 29 ноября 2022 года. – Душанбе: Филиал Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова в городе Душанбе. Ashrapov, B.P., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61726/9011.2024.59.34.001.
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The article deals with the issue concerned with comparative analysis of morphological peculiarities and the level of usage of suffixes -ак and -ча in the Tajik literary language referring to 18th and 20th centuries on the case of M. Karminagi`s and S. Aini`s creations. It is concluded that the relevant word-building elements are considered to be multi-meaning and multi-functional ones contributed into new nouns, adjectives and adverbs' formation.
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A. Jasim Al- tai, Farhan, and Inaam A. Al-Bazzaz. "Components of Architectural Language and Early Recovery for the Destroyed Old Mosul City." In 5th International Conference on Architectural and Civil Engineering Sciences (CIC-ICACE'25). Cihan University-Erbil, 2025. https://doi.org/10.24086/icace2025/paper.1678.
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Abstract— The Old City of Mosul suffered extensive destruction following its occupation in 2014 and the subsequent military operations for its liberation in 2017. Given the scale of devastation, early recovery efforts initially progressed slowly but later accelerated through various responsible entities. Architecture, much like spoken language, operates on three fundamental levels—morphological (form), topological (activity), and typological (meaning)—which are central to debates on the primacy of form versus content and subjectivity versus objectivity. The war and destruction have caused profound psychological, social, economic, urban, and environmental crises, raising a key research question regarding the relative significance and prioritization of these three components in early recovery activities for the Old City of Mosul. This study aims to examine the nature, significance, and prioritization of architectural language components in the early recovery processes of Mosul’s devastated urban fabric. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, the study conducted field surveys and assessments, documenting recovery activities until December 2020 across various areas of the Old City. By calculating the percentage of recorded observations for each component relative to the total number of observations, findings indicate that the typological dimension (meaning) received the highest priority, followed by the morphological dimension (form) and then the topological dimension (activity), with relatively small variations in priority levels. Keywords: Destroyed Cities, Early Recovery, Architectural Language, Place Components.
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Rezakhaniha, Rana, and Nikos Stergiopulos. "The Effect of Collagen Fiber Directional Distribution on the Mechanical Response of the Vascular Wall." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206341.
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Constitutive equations reflecting well the microstructure are fundamental for the detailed stress analysis of the arterial tissue. Vascular tissue is an inhomogeneous and incompressible material which undergoes large deformations and shows highly anisotropic nonlinear behavior. These properties make strain energy functions (SEFs) a suitable tool to derive constitutive equations. Structural constitutive models try to integrate the histological and morphological characteristics of the tissue by introducing parameters with physical meaning, such as the fraction of each wall constituent, the elastic properties of single elastin or collagen fibers or the angle of collagen fibers.
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Hamad, Pakhshan. "12th International Conference on Educational Studies and Applied Linguistics." In 12th International Conference on Educational Studies and Applied Linguistics. Salahaddin University-Erbil, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31972/vesal12.04.
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The present study attempts to find out the distinctiveness of juncture(pauses within words, phrases and sentences) in English and central Kurdish. Juncture is the relationship between one sound and the sounds that immediately precede and follow it. It is a morphophonemic phenomenon with double signification , a suprasegmental phoneme which changes the meaning and is important for phonological descriptions of languages. The aim of this study is to see how juncture affects the meaning of words , phrases and sentences. Slow or rapid speech can also determine the use of juncture which marks the break between sounds and the phonological boundary of words, phrases or sentences. However, the ambiguity of meaning resulting from the placement of juncture can be solved by context. Stress placement on certain words also affects the use of juncture and leads to a change in meaning. In this study, English and Central Kurdish junctures were identified within words, phrases and sentences. Based on the data collected and presented, it was found out that juncture in English is distinctive at all levels , namely , simple words, phrases and sentences .In Central Kurdish, however, juncture is distinctive in compound words and sentences. As for the sentence level, because Kurdish is an agglutinative language, there are cases where the pause or juncture is closely related to the morphological structure of the words and the personal clitics and prefixes added to the end. As for the implications of the results in the field of practice , teachers must take these into consideration while teaching stress , intonation and other aspects of connected speech.
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Krasnoshchekova, Sofia V. "INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS CHTO ‘WHAT’, KTO ‘WHO’, KAKOI ‘WHICH’ AND LINES OF THEIR DERIVATIVES IN THE L1 ACQUISITION." In 49th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062353.16.
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The article examines the acquisition of pronouns of the lines kto ‘who’, chto ‘what’ and kakoi ‘which’, belonging to the interrogative, indefinite and negative groups, by Russian- speaking children. We have used longitudinal data, those being recordings of the speech of 5 children aged from 2 to 4 years. Analysis of the functional-semantic and morphological-syntactic features of pronouns in the speech of children allowed us to draw the following conclusions: children’s speed and ease of mastering the pronouns depends not only on their frequency in the input, but also on the internal linguistic features of each lexeme. The role is played by the combination of the function of a pronoun in a specific utterance, and the basic meaning of the series: for example, in the chto ‘what’ line such cognitively successful combination is “concreteness + objectivity”, and in the kto ‘who’ line “animacy” refers to the lesser level of “concreteness” (this may be explained by the later appearance of lexemes of this line in children’s speech). The line of kakoi ‘which’ demonstrates association between the attributive meaning and a) pure indefiniteness (including non-concreteness in irrealis) and b) deicticity, when primarily non-deictic interrogative kakoi ‘which’ and indefinite kakoi-to ‘some’ in the speech of children in relative-demonstrative, emphatic, and actualizing contexts approach the demonstrative takoi ‘such’. The development of the morphological and syntactic side of pronouns occurs in children without significant difficulties: there are almost no mistakes in the word formation, although children often follow a strategy close to the strategy of avoidance: children prefer to use only the initial forms of pronouns (including the Gen. forms of negative pronouns), so these pronouns adopt certain adverbial traits in the speech of young children and can be seen as unchangeable. The main syntactic features are the use of pronouns within typical constructions, acquired on the whole, and a large number of interrogative sentences in which the pronoun is not transferred to the beginning. Refs 26.