Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Morphologie fractale'
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Sabbadini, Sandrine. "Analyses géostatistique et fractale de l'évolution de la morphologie de discontinuités au cours du cisaillement." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL110N.
Full textChagroune, Lakhdar. "Modélisation de l'émissivité d'une surface en utilisant une approche fractale." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL115N.
Full textBrugière, Edouard. "Le spectromètre thermophorétique circulaire, un nouvel instrument pour mesurer la thermophorèse : application aux agrégats de suies de morphologie fractale." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00788266.
Full textVillegas, Randolfo. "Genèse de la ferrite aciculaire dans les aciers à moyen carbone microalliés au vanadium. Morphologie fractale en relation avec les propriétés mécaniques." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL086N/document.
Full textMedium carbon vanadium microalloyed steels have been developed to obtain new microstructures, mainly formed of acicular ferrite (AF). Controlling the chemical composition and (0.1-0.3 % V) and the cooling rates (2.0 °Cs-1) lead to AF fractions up to 80 %. An empirical parameter, the ferritisant power, P, has been introduced to evaluate the combined effect of chemical composition and cooling conditions. Scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy investigations indicate that AF develops from proeutectoid ferrite enveloping MnS inclusions. An interphase precipitation of vanadium carbo-nitrides, V(C,N) has been identified. It is suggested that this precipitation is at the origin of carbon depletion in the austenitic matrix surrounding the AF plates. The formation of the AF is then enhanced by an autocatalytic effect. The fractal nature of AF has been determined by SEM and TEM characterisations. Fractal dimensions, D, and cut off lengths have been derived by the counting box method applied to SEM images. Mechanical tests conducted in isothermal and quasistatic conditions reveal that mechanical properties of AF are of the same grade of that of bainitic microstructures. Experimental strain-stress curves are described by the Hollomon law. The work hardening of the studied microstructures increases with the AF fraction. The mechanical properties have been linked to the fractal dimension by the following exponential relation : [delta]M = c exp [[alpha] (D -2)], where M represents the mechanical property (Re, Rm, etc.) and c and [alpha] are constants parameters
Lottin, Delphine. "Dimensions fractales, morphologie et caractéristiques dimensionnelles 2D et 3D d'agrégats de nanoparticules de suie aéronautique : Etude par microscopie électronique en transmission et tomographie électronique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4012/document.
Full textSoot aggregates emitted by aircraft engines' combustion processes are involved in the modification of the global radiative budget and the air quality. The knowledge of their physical and chemical characteristics is a prerequisite to any evaluation of the way they may act in the atmospheric physical and chemical processes and their impact on the environment and public health. In this context, our study aims at determining the size and morphological characteristics of aircraft soot aggregates on the basis of experimental measurements by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron tomography.We have acquired TEM pictures of soot aggregates emitted by aircraft engines. We have established a method to characterize the morphology of these aggregates by determining their elongation, their compacity and the tortuosity of their edge. This method is based on the analysis of their TEM projection. Besides, we have developed a software to process and analyse TEM pictures. It allows to reconstruct aggregates from their projections and to determine their size and morphological characteristics. Our results have lead us to study the validity of the relationships linking the 2D and 3D microphysical characteristics presented in the literature and to suggest new ones for the studied aggregates.These results constitute the first 3D morphological and size characterizations of aircraft soot aggregates using TEM and electron tomography. They highlight the fact that the morphological properties of these aggregates do not fulfil the hypotheses required for the use of the collective method to determine the mass fractal dimension
Forriez, Maxime. "Caractérisation formelle des structures multi-échelles géographiques en relativité d’échelle : exemples en géographie physique, géographie urbaine, géohistoire et géographie du peuplement." Thesis, Avignon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AVIG1084/document.
Full textThe most obvious characteristic of the terrestrial interface is its heterogeneity. Phenomenologically, this one, human or natural, show limits that define the forms deployed in geographic space. These limits are certainly due to temporal dynamic, all as much as a scale dynamic. This one is manifested in the possible relationships and variables that exist between scales inasmuch as every scale can no conceive than relative to another that is used as reference. This leads to the scale relativity (SR) which should allow to define intrinsically the geographical space. The first objective is to show the possibility of using SR in geography. At the heart of the SR, we found that fractal geometry is indispensable to try to understand the organization in the scales of the world. So far fractals no were used than as a tool of describing more or less relevant. In SR, the fractal forms become a consequence of a formal space intrinsically irregular. The fractality can be thus a way of understanding of the world using the space of scales, that is to say its resolutions. The central objective of this study is thus to build a general fractal methodology necessary under investigation of an unspecified morphology through various examples resulting from the physical geography, the urban geography, the geohistory and the geography of the settlement. The final objective is to lead to solutions formal accessible at a broad community from geographers, which is not the case of the theory of the R.E in its current formalism. From an epistemological point of view, the development in geography of the R.E raises the question of the Re-naturalization of this discipline of the human and social sciences and of the constitution in analytical science, therefore more largely to propose a new definition of the geography
Vanquin, Ludovic. "Biomarqueurs de la morphologie du cortex cérébral par imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) anatomique : application à la maladie d'Alzheimer." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30083/document.
Full textMorphological alterations of the cortical mantle in early stage of Alzheimer's disease have led to an increasing interest towards morphological biomarkers of the cerebral cortex. By providing a quantitative measure of the cortical shape, morphological biomarkers could provide better understanding of the impact of the disease on the cortical anatomy and play a role in early diagnosis. Therefore, as a primary goal in this study, we developed cortical surface curvature and fractal dimension estimation methods. We then applied those methods, together with the estimation of cortical thickness, to investigate the impact of Alzheimer's disease on the cortical shape as well as the contribution of cortical thickness and cortical curvature to the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The originality of this work lies in the estimation of sulcal and gyral curvature of the internal (gray matter/white matter boundary) and external (gray matter/cerebrospinal fluid boundary) cortical surfaces in addition to the fractal dimensions of these boundaries. Our results showed significant impact of Alzheimer's disease on sulcal and gyral shapes of the internal and external cortical surfaces. In addition, cortical thickness was found to have better ability than cortical curvature for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease; no significant ability for the early diagnosis was found using fractal dimension. However, we found significant improvement in early diagnosis by combining cortical thickness and cortical curvature
Delhaye, David. "Détermination expérimentale des caractéristiques physiques et chimiques de particules de suie émises par des turboréacteurs d'avion." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00261972.
Full texttraînées de condensation qui peuvent évoluer en nuage de type cirrus. Par ailleurs, ces particules de taille submicrométrique, dont l'impact sur la qualité de l'air est avéré, sont également source de questionnement quant à leur(s) effet(s) sur la santé publique.
La présente étude a pour objet la détermination expérimentale des caractéristiques physiques et chimiques des particules de suie émises par des turboréacteurs d'avions commerciaux. Les prélèvements sont effectués sur un banc d'essai de la société SNECMA
(groupe SAFRAN) par un dispositif mis au point au cours de ce travail et localisé derrière des turboréacteurs CFM56-5C et CFM56-5B qui équipent respectivement des avions long-courriers et moyen-courriers.
Diverses techniques expérimentales telles que la microscopie électronique en transmission (MET), la microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB), la spectrométrie dispersive d'énergie de rayons X (XREDS), et la spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier (IRTF) sont mises en oeuvre pour étudier la morphologie, la structure, la distribution en taille, la composition chimique élémentaire des particules primaires de suie, et la nature des groupes fonctionnels présents à leur surface. La dimension fractale ( Df ) des agrégats de suie et leur diamètre de giration ( d g ) sont également établis.
Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que les suies émises par les deux turboréacteurs
étudiés présentent :
- des valeurs similaires de la dimension fractale des agrégats
- des distributions en taille log-normales pour les particules primaires et les agrégats
- des compositions chimiques élémentaires et des groupes fonctionnels très similaires
- des diamètres de giration des agrégats qui diffèrent
Par ailleurs, nous montrons que la phase de préparation des échantillons, préalable aux observations en MEB, a une influence importante sur la valeur déterminée de la moyenne géométrique de la distribution en taille des particules primaires. Par conséquent, nous préconisons de réaliser l'étude des caractéristiques physiques des particules primaires de suie aéronautique par MET plutôt que par MEB.
Momboisse, Benoît. "Analyse fractale du paysage latéritique : évolution géochimique et morphologique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR13243.
Full textForoutan-pour, Kayhan. "Fractal geometry concepts applied to the morphology of crop plants." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35702.
Full textBelem, Tikou. "Morphologie et comportement mécanique des discontinuités rocheuses." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1997_BELEM_T.pdf.
Full textForoutan-Pour, Kayhan. "Fractal geometry concepts applied to the morphology of crop plants." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0026/NQ50164.pdf.
Full textMiyashita, Satoru, Yukio Saito, and Makio Uwaha. "Fractal Aggregation Growth and the Surrounding Diffusion Field." Elsevier, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7318.
Full textChakrabarty, Rajan Kumar. "On the morphology and optics of carbonaceous aerosols." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3339170.
Full textKwon, Ojin. "Morphology Development and Fracture Properties of Toughened Epoxy Thermosets." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30660.
Full textPh. D.
Staudinger, Ulrike. "Morphologie und Bruchverhalten von Block- und Multipfropfcopolymeren." Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1187261828675-34703.
Full textRuffier, Mireille. "Mélanges polyester insaturé - polyacétate de vinyle : Etude de la morphologie et de la compensation du retrait de polymérisation." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0002.
Full textThis study d~al_s with _blends of unsaturated polyester and poly vinyl. Acetate - PVAc, some of them containing fillers (calcium carbonate). The reaction between two glass slides is observed by optical microscopy. With a sufficient PVAc content, phase separation occurs, possibly followed by micro fissuring. Existence and form of micro fissure depend on cure temperature. It is shown that these micro fissures are fractal and their dimension increases with temperature and PVAc content. A molding simulator bas been developed in order to study the different blends under realistic processing conditions. The shrinkage compensation is investigated as a function of pressure, temperature, PVAc content. Pressure is found to be the main parameter. The non linear effect of PVAc content is observed and explained in terms of micro void geometry. Fracture surfaces viewed by scanning electronic microscopy are characterized by their fractal dimension with two methods. Finally, the assumption of correlation between the polyester network morphology after phase separation and micro fissure morphology is verified by a computer simulation
Fallon, Jessica Anne. "Crack healing as a function of pOH- and fracture morphology." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1369.
Full textFardin, Nader. "The effect of scale on the morphology, mechanics and transmissivity of single rock fractures." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Land and Water Resources Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3595.
Full textThis thesis investigates the effect of scale on themorphology, mechanics and transmissivity of single rockfractures using both laboratory and in-situ experiments, aswell as numerical simulations. Using a laboratory 3D laserscanner, the surface topography of a large silicon-rubberfracture replica of size 1m x 1m, as well as the topography ofboth surfaces of several high-strength concrete fracturereplicas varying in size from 50mmx50mm to 200mm x 200mm, werescanned. A geodetic Total Station and an in-situ 3D laser radarwere also utilized to scan the surface topography of a largenatural road-cut rock face of size 20m x 15m in the field. Thisdigital characterization of the fracture samples was then usedto investigate the scale dependency of the three dimensionalmorphology of the fractures using a fractal approach. Thefractal parameters of the surface roughness of all fracturesamples, including the geometrical aperture of the concretefracture samples, were obtained using the Roughness-Lengthmethod.
The results obtained from the fractal characterization ofthe surface roughness of the fracture samples show that bothfractal dimension, D, and amplitude parameter, A, for aself-affine surface are scale-dependent, heterogeneous andanisotropic, and their values generally decrease withincreasing size of the sample. However, this scale-dependencyis limited to a certain sizedefined as the stationaritythreshold, where the surface roughness parameters of thefracture samples remain essentially constant beyond thisstationarity threshold. The surface roughness and thegeometrical aperture of the tested concrete fracture replicasin this study did not reach stationarity due to the structuralnon-stationarity of their surface at small scales. Although theaperture histogram of the fractures was almost independent ofthe sample size, below their stationarity threshold both theHurst exponent, Hb, and aperture proportionality constant, Gb,decrease on increasing the sample sizes.
To investigate the scale effect on the mechanical propertiesof single rock fractures, several normal loading and directshear tests were performed on the concrete fracture replicassubjected to different normal stresses under Constant NormalLoad (CNL) conditions. The results showed that both normal andshear stiffnesses, as well as the shear strength parameters ofthe fracture samples, decrease on increasing the sample size.It was observed that the structural non-stationarity of surfaceroughness largely controls the contact areas and damage zoneson the fracture surfaces as related to the direction of theshearing.
The aperture maps of the concrete fracture replicas ofvarying size and at different shear displacements, obtainedfrom numerical simulation of the aperture evolution duringshearing using their digitized surfaces, were used toinvestigate the effect of scale on the transmissivity of thesingle rock fractures. A FEM code was utilized to numericallysimulate the fluid flow though the single rock fractures ofvarying size. The results showed that flow rate not onlyincreases on increasing the sample size, but also significantlyincreases in the direction perpendicular to the shearing, dueto the anisotropic roughness of the fractures.
Key words:Anisotropy, Aperture, Asperity degradation,Contact area, Finite Element Method (FEM), Flow analysis,Fractals, Fracture morphology, Heterogeneity,Stress-deformation, Surface roughness, Roughness-Length method,Scale dependency, Stationarity, Transmissivity, 3D laserscanner.
Chen, Haibin. "Study on the relationships between morphologic and molecular structure and fracture toughness of polymers /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2002. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MECH%202002%20CHEN.
Full textGaha, Hafedh. "Analyse et Conception des Antennes Fractales : applications aux Télécommunications Large Bande." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2007. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7570/1/gaha.pdf.
Full textSahel, Ai͏̈cha. "Mise au point de logiciels de traitement d'images pour l'étude de la morphologie et du comportement hydraulique d'un réseau 2D de fractures dans des roches granitiques." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2271.
Full textGentier, Sylvie. "Morphologie et comportement hydromécanique d'une fracture naturelle dans un granite sous contrainte normale étude expérimentale et théorique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375978317.
Full textGentier, Sylvie. "Morphologie et comportement hydromécanique d'une fracture naturelle dans un granite sous contrainte normale : étude expérimentale et théorique." Orléans, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ORLE2013.
Full textCosta, Carlos. "Root and canopy characteristics of maize types with extreme architectures." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36898.
Full textSoltani, Morteza. "Strength, fracture morphology, and polymorphic phase transformations in phosphate-bonded high-alumina refractory compositions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19060.
Full textLee, Ming-Peng. "Phase morphology and its relationship to fracture of injection molded polycarbonate and ABS blends." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1055775882.
Full textTuel, Alain. "Caracterisation de la structure de silices de precipitation par resonance magnetique nucleaire de solide et de leur morphologie." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066653.
Full textOnifade, Ibrahim. "Development of a Morphology-based Analysis Framework for Asphalt Pavements." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Byggnadsmaterial, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-164863.
Full textAsfaltblandningars morfologi har en avgörande betydelse för deras egenskaper och beteenden. Arbetet i denna avhandling syftar till att utveckla en grundläggande förståelse för effekten av asfaltsmorfologin för deras hållfasthetsegenskaper och deformationsmekanismer och utveckling av ramverksanalysmorfologi baserat på långsiktig förutsägelse. Experimentella beräkningsmetoder används för att fastställa sambandet mellan blandningens morfologi och respons. Mikromekanisk modellering används för att förstå det komplexa samspelet mellan asfaltmassans beståndsdelar som resulterar i spänningslokalisering och spänningskoncentrationer som är föregångare till initiering av skador och ackumulation. Morfologibaserade materialmodeller beaktar påverkan av morfologin på de långsiktiga materialegenskaperna med avseende på skademotstånd, helande samt åldrande, och är utvecklade från data hos verkliga asfaltsfältskärnor. Morfologinbaserade materialmodeller är implementerade i en varmblandad asfalt-( HMA )-brottmekanik-ramverk för förutsägelse av beläggningsprestanda. Ramverket kan i rimlig utsträckning förutspå variationen i ingångsparametrarna ’top-down’ sprickbildningsinitiering. En termodynamiskbaserat ramverk föreslås för skador och brott. Resultaten från studien visar att morfologin är en viktig faktor som bör beaktas för att bestämma respons av asfaltblandningar på kort och lång sikt. Ytterligare förståelse av inverkan av morfologin kommer att leda till utvecklingen av grundläggande analytiska tekniker i design för fastställning av materialegenskaper och belastningars respons. Detta kommer att minska empirism som förknippas med beläggningskonstruktionen, minska behovet av omfattande kalibrering och validering, öka förutsägelseförmågan av designverktyg för beläggningen, samt avancera beläggningsdesign till en ny vetenskaplig nivå och ingenjörskonst.
QC 20150420
Forriez, Maxime. "Caractérisation formelle des structures multi-échelles géographiques en relativité d'échelle : exemples en géographie physique, géographie urbaine, géohistoire et géographie du peuplement." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00691773.
Full textFougeron, Jérôme. "Effondrement et affaissement des mines de fer en Lorraine : rôle de la couverture et de la morphologie." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL023N/document.
Full textThe events which have occurred in the lorrain iron basin during this last decade came to underline problems generated by mining industrial cessation and concession surrender like people or goods security. In this study, we studied the role which can play the geomorphology on the mechanical behaviour of overburden in relation with the violent collapse and progressive subsidence phenomena. We have examined valley and tray situations with the presence of vertical fractures and postponed valley situation through 2D (UDEC) and 3D (FLAC3D) modelling. Next, we simulated the fracture development in a mine pillar through a continue (FLAC) and discontinue (PFC) approach. These numerical modellings allow to apprehend the overburden role in a concern for hazard zone control
Kitshoff, Adriaan Mynhardt. "Comparative biomechanics of two non-invasive mandibular fracture repair techniques in dogs." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30897.
Full textChakrabarty, Rajan Kumar. "Characterization of size, morphology and fractal properties of aerosols emitted from spark ignition engines and from the combustion of wildland fuels." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2006. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1436027.
Full textSHI, Juanjuan. "Morphology-based Fault Feature Extraction and Resampling-free Fault Identification Techniques for Rolling Element Bearing Condition Monitoring." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33422.
Full textHasan, Md Rifat. "Influences of Subcritical Water in Porosity and Fracture Aperture of Unconventional Shale." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1564504738833224.
Full textDighe, Manish Deepak. "Development of digital image processing based methodology to study, quantify and correlate the microstructure and three dimensional fracture surface morphology of aluminum alloy 7050." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21013.
Full textMayercsik, Nathan Paul. "Characterization of multiscale porosity in cement-based materials: effects of flaw morphology on material response across size and time scales." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/55308.
Full textDeng, Yinghai 1966. "Development and disease resistance of leafy reduced stature maize (Zea mays L.)." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38177.
Full textUsing a wide range of the most recently developed LRS hybrids and some conventional hybrids, a two-year field experiment was conducted to examine the HI and disease resistance of LRS maize. HI, yield, and yield components were compared between the two genotype groups (LRS and conventional) under different population densities. The resistance to the natural incidence of common smut and artificially inoculated Gibberella ear rot was also tested. Morphology and fractal dimension analyses of roots at an early development stage were conducted in indoor experiments. These analyses were performed with WinRHIZO (version 3.9), an interactive scanner-based image analysis system.
This work showed that: (1) There was no relationship between the HI and maturity; higher HIs can also exist among the medium and late maturity LRS hybrids. (2) While LRS maize hybrids have the potential for high yield this was not realized in the LRS hybrids used in this work. Further breeding and development of optimum management practices are needed to fully exploit this potential. (3) During early development LRS hybrids generally had more branching and more complex root systems than conventional hybrids. (4) Fractal dimension, as a comprehensive estimation of root complexity, was highly related to major root morphological variables, such as root total length, surface area, branching frequency and dry mass. (5) Of the hybrids tested the greatest resistance to both common smut and Gibberella ear rot, two major ear diseases, occurred in some of the LRS types.
Riedlinger, Darren Andrew. "Characterization of PF Resol/Isocyanate Hybrid Adhesives." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31366.
Full textMaster of Science
Klingler, Andreas [Verfasser], and Ulf [Akademischer Betreuer] Breuer. "Morphology and Fracture of Block Copolymer and Core-Shell Rubber Particle Modified Epoxies and their Carbon Fibre Reinforced Composites / Andreas Klingler ; Betreuer: Ulf Breuer." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233286382/34.
Full textDang, Ning. "3d visualization for microstructure characteristics and damage evolution in dual phase titanium alloy." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI053.
Full textTitanium and its alloys, which have integrated properties including low density, high specific strength and excellent corrosion resistance, are "workhorses" in the field of modern industries. In recent years, with the development of industrial technologies, we have strict requirements on the properties of components made by titanium alloys in severe environment. How to explore further potential properties in titanium alloys? Such question has attracted researchers' eyes. Therefore, in order to reveal the micro-mechanism of damage and fracture for titanium alloys intensively, it is quite necessary to enhance our knowledge on the microstructure characteristics and damage evolution features, particularly on the interplay between microstructure characteristics and voids development. In this thesis, aiming at the variation of microstructure morphologies during damage development, based on X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) approach, an integrated methodology containing in situ experiment and CP (Crystal Plasticity) simulation was implemented to focus on the microstructure morphologies and void nucleation / propagation behavior of Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V) alloy during damage evolution. Besides, with the help of realistic microstructure-based RVE (Representative Volume Element) modeling and subsequent deforming simulation, combining with post-mortem by SEM / EBSD, we have revealed the mechanism for damage development by severely analyzing the fracture features. Finally, the correlation between microstructure and evolution is discussed on the basis of simulations and experiments
Dinegdae, Yared Hailegiorgis. "Reliability-based Design Procedure for Flexible Pavements." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Byggvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-165280.
Full textQC 20150427
Wu, Jiawei. "Study on Epoxidized Poly (Styrene-butadiene-styrene) Modified Epoxy Resins." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1571671436341218.
Full textSantos, Fernando Pereira dos [UNESP]. "Estudo comparativo de técnicas para segmentação e classificação de imagens de lesões de pele." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/140274.
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Neste trabalho é apresentada uma nova metodologia para a análise e classificação de lesões de pele. O modelo proposto foi dividido em quatro etapas que compreende o pré-processamento das imagens, a segmentação do objeto desejado, a extração de características e a classificação das lesões. Na etapa de pré-processamento, aplica-se o modelo de cor RGB, a quantização de cores e o filtro de difusão anisotrópica. Na segmentação, a imagem suavizada é submetida à operação de fechamento da morfologia matemática, estimativa de peso nos arcos do grafo e à transformada imagem-floresta com apenas duas sementes. A extração de características foi baseada na aplicação da regra ABCD. Na assimetria foi aplicado o conceito de razão de perpendiculares sobre a maior diagonal obtida e, para a borda, o produto vetorial e o ponto de inflexão foram implementados para fornecer o porcentual de curvatura do contorno. Para a cor, valores de média, variância, desvio padrão, homogeneidade e contraste foram calculados. Para a estrutura diferencial foi desenvolvido a dimensão fractal e a energia. Na última etapa, classificação, a floresta de caminhos ótimos foi utilizada. Os resultados da classificação são apresentados por malignidade, quando todos os tipos de lesões estão juntos, e por categorias, quando os tipos de lesão são agrupados dois a dois. Para obter o modelo proposto foram efetuados diversos testes com modelos de cor diferentes, forma de aplicação da quantização, diferenciação no cálculo da quantidade de iterações do filtro de difusão anisotrópica e possibilidade de não aplicar a morfologia matemática.
In this paper a new methodology for the analysis and classification of skin lesions is presented. The suggested model is divided into four steps which comprise the pre processing of images, segmentation of the desired object, feature extraction and lesions classification. In the pre processing step, it is applied the RGB color model, color quantization and anisotropic diffusion filter. In segmentation, the smoothed image is submitted to the closing operation of mathematical morphology, arc-weight estimation in the graph and the image-foresting transform with only two seeds. The feature extraction is based on the application of ABCD rule. In asymmetry was applied the perpendicular ratio concept on the greater diagonal obtained and, to the border, the vector product and the inflection point were implemented to provide the contour curvature percentage. For color, average values, variance, standard deviation, homogeneity and contrast were calculated. For differential structure was developed fractal dimension and energy. In the last stage, classification, optimum-path forest was used. The classification results are presented by malignancy, when all types of lesions are together, and by categories, when the types of lesions are grouped two by two. For the model were performed several tests with different color models, the form of application the quantization, differentiation in the calculation of the quantity of filter iterations of anisotropic diffusion and the possibility of not applying the mathematical morphology.
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Full textCommittee Chair: Dr. Richard W. Neu; Committee Member: Dr. David L. McDowell; Committee Member: Dr. W. Steven Johnson.
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