Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mort subite'
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Englebert, Hubert. "Mort subite du sportif." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR1M006.
Full textGarcia, Rodrigue. "Mort subite – Cardiopathie ischémique – Défibrillation cardiaque." Thesis, Poitiers, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020POIT1402.
Full textMore than 40 years after the first cardioverter-defibrillator implantation, sudden death is still responsible for one million deaths per year in the United States and in Europe. The main etiology is myocardial ischemia, as it is estimated that 80% of sudden deaths are related to coronary artery disease. Numerous efforts have been made to tackle this public health problem. However, the current strategy is not efficient. It is based on long-term prediction relying on left ventricular ejection fraction; and the resulting therapy is the implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator. The objective of this thesis was to comprehend the sudden death issue in the acute context of myocardial ischemia in the pre-, intra- and post-hospital phases using three different methodological tools.The first work consisted in the determination of electrocardiographic predictors of ventricular fibrillation during myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation managed during the pre-hospital phase. In this case-control study, the electrocardiograms just before ventricular fibrillation of 30 patients with myocardial infarction were compared to the electrocardiograms of 60 patients with myocardial infarction but without ventricular fibrillation. This is the first study processing digitalized electrocardiograms. Artificial intelligence algorithms determined that certain parameters concerning the initial part of the depolarization and the repolarization were predictive of ventricular fibrillation.The second task consisted in describing the incidence evolution of intra-hospital ventricular fibrillation in the acute phase of acute coronary syndromes with and without ST segment elevation. It was collected using the FAST-MI registries and included 359 patients with ventricular fibrillation between 1995 and 2015. The incidence of ventricular fibrillation decreased from 3.9% in 1995 to 1.8% in 2015. Among those experiencing VF, while one-year mortality decreased, this mainly occurred from 1995 to 2005 (60.7% to 26.9%), then reaching a plateau (28.6% in 2015). Moreover, the occurrence of ventricular fibrillation was associated with a 4.5-times higher risk of death compared to the absence of arrhythmia, and this ratio did not decrease between 1995 and 2015.The last tool used was the French cohort of patients using a wearable cardioverter defibrillator. The indication for the wearable cardioverter defibrillator was left ventricular ejection fraction impairment after a myocardial infarction or a coronary revascularization. The wearable cardioverter defibrillator is of peculiar interest after hospital discharge, when the risk of ventricular rhythm disorders is high. The particularity of this registry was that patients benefited from education sessions regarding their disease and the use of the device, allowing a very high compliance. 950 patients have been included and followed for an average of 64 [38; 98] days. Daily compliance was excellent with a median wearing time of 23.4 [22.2-23.8] hours. The incidence of appropriate and inappropriate therapies was 7.3 (95% CI 3.6-10.9) and 3.4 (95% CI 0.9-5.9) shocks per 100 patient-years respectively. The response button allowed shock deviation in 33.3% of ventricular tachycardia patients when well tolerated. Finally, the response button deviated 95.2% of inappropriate shocks. In conclusion, through these different studies, we have observed that even if the incidence of ventricular fibrillation during myocardial infarction has decreased over the last 20 years, it was still associated with a very poor prognosis. Moreover, the wearable cardioverter defibrillator is an interesting solution in situations with a transient risk of sudden death, such as after hospital discharge of patients with recent myocardial infarction. Finally, we believe that the concept of short-term prevention is the future of sudden death prevention and will involve the use of electrical criteria to predict ventricular fibrillation
Benmira, Omar. "Prolapsus valvulaire mitral et mort subite." Amiens, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AMIEM100.
Full textGhio, Brigitte. "Mort subite du nourrisson : épidémiologie et prévention." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON11113.
Full textRocaboy, Christine. "La mort subite du nourrisson : à propos des difficultés rencontrées par la famille et des aides proposées." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2P105.
Full textBELZ, RIBES LAURENCE. "Mort subite du nourrisson et ponction lombaire." Rennes 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN1M118.
Full textLavoué, Sylvain. "La mort subite du porcelet : contribution a la recherche d'un modèle animal de la mort subite et inexpliquée du nourrisson." Rennes 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN1M094.
Full textBuchinger, Ariel. "Mort subite du nourrisson : données épidémiologiques en Alsace." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR1M089.
Full textSimorre, Olivier. "La mort subite au cours de la pratique du sport : analyse bibliographique , expérience du Samu 34." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11339.
Full textPAPAPHYLACTOU, SOPHIE. "Mort subite inexpliquee du nourrisson : etude de 15 cas." Saint-Etienne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STET6235.
Full textLanglois, Philippe. "La mort subite inexpliquee (a l'exclusion de la morte subite inexpliquee du nourrisson) : une approche a partir de l'experience acquise au samu 49." Angers, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ANGE1128.
Full textHurth, Jacques. "Aspects medico-legaux de la mort subite du nourrisson." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR1M069.
Full textAmarouch, Mohamed Yassine. "Mort subite et complexes moléculaires des canaux ioniques cardiaques." Nantes, 2010. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=6cb5f2d6-4282-4805-a3e3-18da91d4a528.
Full textThe cardiac electrical activity depends on the activity of numerous ion channels responsible for various currents. Genetic alterations of these channels or of their auxiliary proteins are responsible for cardiac arrhythmias leading to sudden death. I,The Nav1. 5 channel: using a candidate-gene approach, the R222Q variant of Nav1. 5 was detected in all patients affected with a newly decrypted cardiac arrhythmia called multifocal ectopic Purkinje tachycardia. Functional analysis and computer modeling revealed a gain of function of R222Q-Nav1. 5 leading to the electrical hyperexcitability of Purkinje fibers responsible for premature ventricular contractions. II,The Cav1. 2 channel: the screening of a cohort of patients affected by the short QT syndrome has allowed identifying the A223P variant in Cav1. 2 channel in one patient. In addition, compound heterozygous variants of the membrane carnitine transporter OCTN2 were also detected. The functional analysis of the A223P variant has highlighted a loss of function of the Cav1. 2 channel. However, the mechanism behind this loss of function and the carnitine deficiency implication in the observed phenotype remains to be determined. III,The DPPX protein: The genome screening of a proband affected by the Brugada syndrome has allowed to identify the T501M variant in DPPX protein. This protein is a regulatory subunit of the Kv4. 3 channel. At this stage of the study, the functional characterization of T501M variant failed to highlight its possible pathophysiological implication in the Brugada syndrome
Karam, Nicole. "Infarctus du myocarde et mort subite : approche en population." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066331/document.
Full textIt becomes clear that efforts should focus on early SCA management. The second part therefore aimed on identifying, among STEMI patients, those at risk of pre-hospital SCA, to plan early SCA management before it occurs. In the e-MUST registry for STEMI in the Greater Paris Area, we identified 5 simple predictors of pre-hospital SCA (young age, absence of obesity, absence of diabetes mellitus, shortness of breath, and short delay between pain onset and call to emergency medical services) that we used to build an SCA prediction score that we validated internally and externally. The first minutes after SCA are the main determinants of its prognosis and should ideally be planned before its occurrence. Anticipation of SCA in STEMI, the main cause of SCA, is feasible, allowing to tailor STEMI management accordingly. Even though the generalizability of this strategy to other causes of SCA remains to be demonstrated, a promising path for decreasing SCA burden can be foreseen
Hébert, Martine. "Les aspects psychologiques de la mort subite du nourrisson." Rouen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ROUEM009.
Full textGUILLEMINET, STEPHANE. "Nitrite d'amyle et mort subite : a propos d'un cas." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M101.
Full textDETOUR, DIDIER. "Donnees actuelles concernant le syndrome de mort subite du nourrisson et leurs applications a une demarche de prevention concernant l'omnipraticien." Angers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ANGE1121.
Full textLIENHARDT, ANNE. "Prise en charge du syndrome de mort subite inexpliquee du nourrisson : a propos de l'experience du service de pediatrie ii du c.h.u. de limoges de 1981 a 1988." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMO0127.
Full textBOURDREL, BERNARD MARIE-HELENE. "La myocardiopathie histiocytoide : une cause de mort subite du nourrisson." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M453.
Full textFranchitto, Nicolas. "Le système nerveux autonome, un trigger de mort subite cardiaque ?" Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1879/.
Full textNatural death is in opposite to violent death, which may be related to another cause. Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is defined in forensic practice, as a natural death occurring within 1 hour of the onset of symptoms. This definition is less satisfactory in current clinical practice, because death often takes place without witnesses and at an unknown time. In the light of these observations, cardiac death must be termed "sudden" if the deceased was known to be in good health 24 hours before the death occurred. Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in industrialized countries and sudden cardiac death is its first and only manifestation in nearly half of cases when the patient is aged 35 years or older. Although the pathophysiological mechanisms of SCD need to be better understood, the rate of autopsies has been in decline for several years, which increases the difficulty of accurately determining the cause of death. Competent investigation of the medical history and circumstances of the death, in association with autopsy, is still considered as the gold standard for determining the cause and the manner of death. The forensic specialist has to summarize the history of the patients, their pharmaceutical treatments and to compare them with the autopsy findings in order to ascertain the cause of death. Such a procedure is in conformity with European recommendations on harmonization of medicolegal autopsy rules. It has been known for decades that sympathetic activation can trigger malignant arrhythmias, whereas vagal activity may exert a protective effect. Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are intricately involved in the modulation of cardiac excitability and arrhythmias. Autonomic imbalance characterized by sympathetic predominance is a hallmark of chronic heart failure involved in both initiation and progression of this syndrome. Pathologically elevated sympathetic tone worsens survival in CHF and plays an important role as a trigger of ventricular tachyarrhytmias and sudden cardiac death. Because we are a forensic physician and also an intensivist and anesthetist experienced in the management of sudden cardiac death, we wanted to stress the interest in the analysis of the medical records before the death occurred, and to improve the knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for SCD. First, we illustrate our work by showing how the forensic doctor has to deal with sudden cardiac death in the prehospital setting. In this case, we have underlined the interest in a close collaboration between the emergency physician and the forensic physician. Sudden cardiac death has been described in mitral valve prolapse syndrome and ventricular tachyarrhythmias have been recognised as a principal aetiology. Taken together, the medical report of the emergency service and the results of autopsy led to the diagnosis of death due to ventricular fibrillation in which mitral valve prolapse syndrome was a contributory factor (Franchitto, Med Sci Law 2010). Understanding sympathetic nervous system functioning in greater detail may continue to provide pathophysiological insights for the forensic physician. That's why the aim of our work was to evaluate sympathetic nervous system by microneurography in particular situation of CHF and to stress the role of autonomic imbalance by studying sympathetic modulation by reflexes (i. E. Baro or chemoreflexes). Then, we show that chronic renal failure (CRF) increases sympathetic activity in CHF patients through tonic chemoreflex activation, and that this effect is correlated with renal failure severity. (Despas et al. J Hypertens 2009). Consequently we also showed that another comorbidity, namely anemia, also increases sympathetic activity in patients with CHF, again through peripheral chemoreceptor activation and that this effect is inversely correlated with haemoglobin level. Analysis of ventilation and blood gas data suggest, that during anaemia, oxygen extraction is decreased at the carotid body level, this in turn contribute to enhance sensibility of peripheral chemo receptors and thus contribute to sympathetic hyperactivity (Franchitto, Despas et al. Hypertension 2010). Combination of anaemia, renal and cardiac abnormalities led to the concept of Cardiorenal Anemia syndrome in the setting of CHF. While the pathophysiological role of these features has been extensively studied independently, less is known about the impact of these conditions in the setting of the CRA syndrome. We show through direct assessment of sympathetic nerve activity that sympathetic baroreflex control of MSNA is decreased in these patients and that chemoreflex deactivation increases baroreflex gain in these patients. Both combinations of autonomic dysfunctions provide a further possible explanation for the high incidence of sudden cardiac death, observed in CHF patients with CRA syndrome despite neurohormonal blokade prescribed in daily practice
Brunot, Caroline. "Contribution à l'étude d'une solution orale de méthylsulfate de diphémanil." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P020.
Full textBile, Alphonse. "Contribution à l'étude de l'aptitude anaérobie du porteur du trait drépanocytaire au cours de l'exercice." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON1T004.
Full textMazue-Naffah, Sophie. "Amiodarone et mort subite expérimentale et clinique : résultats d'une étude expérimentale originale et analyse comparative des données cliniques récentes." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON11038.
Full textFLEURANT, ERIC. "Arythmies ventriculaires malignes et mort subite : a propos de 160 observations." Lille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL2M137.
Full textDELAYGUE, HUBERT. "Malaise grave et mort subite du nourrisson : activite du centre de reference auvergne (sur 3 ans)." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF1M048.
Full textDULION, THIERRY. "La mort subite du nourrisson : des premiers secours jusqu'a l'accueil au centre de reference : a propos d'une enquete sur midi-pyrenees." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU31104.
Full textGUILBERT, CATHERINE. "Mort rapide et inattendue de l'enfant age de 30 jours a 15 ans : a propos de 187 observations." Saint-Etienne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STET6007.
Full textTRUYEN, MICHEL. "Mort subite inopinee du nourrisson : apport de l'examen anatomo-pathologique ; bilan de 4 annees d'autopsies (79 cas)." Reims, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REIMM112.
Full textMAUNOURY, ERIC. "Circonstances psychopathologiques de survenue du syndrome de mort subite et inexpliquee du nourrisson." Angers, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ANGE1043.
Full textBATTARD, PHILIPPE. "Correlations anatomo-cliniques observees chez 156 nourrissons decedes de mort subite." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M246.
Full textLouali, Abdallah. "La mort subite en dehors de la phase aigue͏̈ d'un infarctus du myocarde : étude de 21 patients ayant survécu à un arrêt cardio-circulatoire par fibrillation ventriculaire." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25201.
Full textMarijon, Eloi. "Mort subite au cours d’une activité sportive : étude en population générale." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05S009.
Full textBackground – Although such data are available for young competitive athletes, the prevalence, characteristics and outcome of sports-related sudden cardiac death have not previously been assessed in the general population.Methods – A prospective and comprehensive national survey was carried out throughout France by the French Institute of Health and Medical Research from 2005 to 2010, involving subjects aged 10–75 years. Case detection for sports-related sudden cardiac death, during competitive or leisure activities, including resuscitated cardiac arrest, was undertaken via emergency medical services (Service d’Aide Médicale Urgente, SAMU) reporting and web-based screening of media releases. Data were collected according to Utstein’s style. Incidence calculations were reported by million of inhabitants as well as million of sports participants. Specific analyses were also carried out among women and specific sports. After having documented major regional survival disparities, we identified to which extent conventional evidence-based individual factors, known to be associated to survival, were distributed among different groups of survival. Moreover, we assessed if functional outcome was variable among groups of survival. Factors associated with survival were analyzed using regression logistic model.Results – The overall burden of sports-related sudden cardiac death was estimated between 5 and 17 cases per million inhabitants per year. Only 6% of cases occurred among young competitive athletes, with a specific incidence calculated to 9.8 (95% CI 3.7–16.0) per million per year. After considering participation rates, incidence in men sport participants was estimated from 11.2 (95% CI 10.4–12.1) to 33.8 (95% CI 30.9–36.8) per million of participants per year, dramatically higher than women-related incidence, particularly in the 45–54 year range (relative risk 0.03, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.07). By contrast with women, the incidence of sports-related sudden cardiac death in men significantly increased over age categories (p<0.0001), and incidence rates were substantially higher in men aged >35 years than men aged 35 years or less (RR 2.51, 95% CI 2.10–3.01). The mean survival rate at hospital discharge was 15.7% (95% CI 13.2–18.2), with major regional disparities among districts (from 0 to 47%), with however a highly similar favorable neurological outcome (80%). No difference was observed regarding subjects’ characteristics and circumstances of occurrence (including presence of witnesses, delays of intervention and public use of automatic external defibrillators) across survival groups. By contrast, major differences were noted regarding bystander initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (15% to 81%, p<0.001) and presence of initial shockable rhythm (29% to 79%, p<0.001). Public use of automatic external defibrillator was dramatically low (<1%). Independent factors for survival included bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (OR 3.73, 95% CI 2.19–6.39, p<0.0001), initial shockable rhythm (OR 3.71, 95% CI 2.07–6.64, p<0.0001) and short delay between cardiac arrest and resuscitation (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.08–1.61, p=0.006). After adjustment on individual factors, only population education to Basic Life Support was significantly associated with survival (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.17–2.31, p=0.004).Conclusions and perspectives – Sudden cardiac death is a public health issue, with the need for a multidisciplinary approach involving Emergency Cares, Cardiology, and Epidemiology. Regarding sports-related sudden death, our conclusions are the following (...)
Dahan, Benjamin. "Mort subite de l'adulte : stratégie de déploiement des défibrillateurs automatisés externes." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB092/document.
Full textOut-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major public health concern. Early bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation are associated with higher survival rates for OHCA victims. Unfortunately, despite major efforts over the past decade, survival rates remain low in many communities. This work sought to highlight factors affecting public defibrillation, early CPR and public knowledge on defibrillation. We assessed different strategies for Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) deployment. We also aimed to focus effect of neighborhood socio-economic status on bystander CPR. Finally, we sought to analyze public awareness of the AED nearest location and knowledge of AED use. All OHCAs attended by EMS in Paris between 2000 and 2010 were prospectively recorded and geocoded. We compared a guidelines-based strategy of placing an AED in locations where more than one OHCA had occurred within the past five years to two novel strategies: a grid-based strategy with a regular distance between AEDs and a landmark-based strategy. The expected number of AEDs necessary and their median (IQR) distance to the nearest OHCA were assessed for each strategy. We also evaluated the relationship between neighbourhood SES characteristics and the fact of receiving bystander CPR. Then, we performed a survey in three kinds of places (train station, city mall and public park) of all individuals within 100 meters from an AED to analyze their knowledge of the closest AED location and their confidence to use it. Of 4,176 OHCAs, 1,372 (33%) occurred in public settings. The guidelines-based strategy would result in the placement of 170 AEDs, with a distance to OHCA of 416 (180-614) meters and a continuous increase in the number of AEDS. In grid-based strategy, the number of AEDs and their distance to the closest OHCA would change with the grid size, with a number of AEDs between 200 and 400 seeming optimal. In landmark-based strategy, median distances between OHCAs and AEDs would be 324 meters if placed at post offices (n=195), 239 at subway stations (n=302), 137 at bike-sharing stations (n=957), and 142 at pharmacies (n=1466). Of the 4,009 OHCA with mappable addresses recorded, 777 (19.4%) received bystander CPR. Those receiving it were more likely to be in public locations, have had a witness to their OHCA, and to have collapsed in a non-low SES neighbourhood. In a multilevel analyses, bystander CPR provision was significantly less frequent in low than in higher SES neighbourhoods (OR 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72-0.99). A total of 301 people responded to the survey. About half respondents (49%) had a Basic Life Support training experience with 70 % of them trained after 2007 and 37% who attempted a one hour training initiation. The universal AED sign was recognized by 37% of all respondents and 64% could recognize an AED on a picture. The closest AED location was known by 16% of the respondents with a positive impact of training after 2007 and knowledge of AED sign and picture (p<0.0001). A majority of respondents (66%), considered they had the right to use an AED and 59% knew in which circumstances it is necessary to use it. Only 25% of the respondents declared to know how to use an AED. Our work presents an original evidence-based approach to strategies of AED deployment to optimize their number and location. This rational approach can estimate the optimal number of AEDs for any city. In Paris, OHCA victims were less likely to receive bystander CPR in low SES neighbourhoods. These first European data are consistent with observations in North America and Asia. Our survey conducted in places known to be at risk of OHCA highlights the need for a better AED visibility in public places and the need to improve public knowledge and confidence in the use of AED. (...)
Perdu-Kaaki, Agnès. "Arythmie ventriculaire grave révélatrice d'une naissance anormale de la coronaire gauche à partir de l'artère pulmonaire chez l'adulte : à propos de deux cas." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON11063.
Full textFILLEUL, POUESSEL SYLVIE. "Prise en charge des fratries de mort subite du nourrisson : enquete sur le retentissement psychologique et social du mode de surveillance au domicile." Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN1M016.
Full textClaeyssen-Rolland, Valérie. "Contribution du scanner cranien post-mortem dans l'etude de la mort subite du nourrisson." Rennes 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN1M170.
Full textDieulafoy, Georges. "De la mort subite dans la fièvre typhoïde thèse pour le doctorat en médecine présentée et soutenue le 14 mai 1869 /." Paris : BIUM, 2003. http://www.bium.univ-paris5.fr/histmed/medica/cote?TPAR1869x108.
Full textLegros, Dominique. "Certificat de deces et probleme medico-legal : a propos de 216 morts subites recensees en 1987 au samu de troyes." Reims, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989REIMM044.
Full textSANTIN, DUBOIS KARINE. "La mort subite du nourrisson : contribution a la prise en charge lilloise par les equipes d'aide medicale urgente et le centre de reference." Lille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL2M100.
Full textCannard, Christine. "Mort subite du nourrisson : analyse comportementale des interactions précoces avec l'enfant suivant." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100104.
Full text28 mother-infant dyads were videotaped longitudinally at home to evaluate impacts of sides and the home-monitoring on the subsequent infant. Infant and maternal behaviors, maternal reactivity to infant crying and maternal sensitivity were analyzed when infants were 2, 4, 9 and 12 months of age. Behaviors were scored using a check-list sheet with a fixed time base of 5 sec. Distinctive patterns of dyadic interaction were identified between the experimental groups (g1: 8 monitor infants, g2: 10 non-monitor infants) and the control group (g3: 10 controls): the mothers of the first two group reacted to the infant distress more frequently, more quickly and more gestually than did control mothers, who answered less frequently and more visually. Generally, we attribute a protective role to the monitor, but the results suggest that the mothers of the monitor infants remained extremely anxious. At 2 and 4 months, the mothers of g1 provided the same behavioral pattern than mothers of g2; the only difference was in the nature of their behavior: the first preferred the visual modality whereas the others preferred the tactile modality. In fact, the mothers of g2 were more reactive, more intrusive and less effective than mothers of g1. At 9 and 12 months the mothers of g1 became more sensitive, so we can think that home-monitoring is helpful. But the analysis of the infant behaviors and the differences with the control group indicate the importance of the infant contributions to interaction, and underline the absolute necessity to support these extremely anxious mothers of g1 and g2
MEROT, JOCELYN. "Caracterisation phenotypique de chiens genetiquement predisposes a la mort subite d'origine cardiaque." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA077166.
Full textBeutelstetter, Maxime. "Expression des récepteurs muscariniques M2, malaises vagaux et mort subite du nourisson." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAJ009/document.
Full textSudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is an unpredictable and poorly understood phenomenon. It is defined as the "sudden unexpected death of a child younger than one year during sleep that cannot be explained after a postmortem evaluation including autopsy, a thorough history, and scene evaluation". Although the incidence has been decreasing since 1994 and the start of prevention campaigns, SIDS remains the leading cause of post-neonatal death. SIDS is a multifactorial phenomenon that occurs preferentially in vulnerable infants exposed to environmental risk factors. Thus, identifying these children at risk is a major challenge in the prevention of this pathology. The exacerbated vagal response, biologically expressed by overexpression of muscarinic M2 receptors (M2R), may be a risk factor for SIDS. We have already observed this biological abnormality in our animal model of vagal hyperreactivity and in hearts of SIDS. The aim of this work is to analyze the blood expression of M2R as a biological parameter reflecting vagal hyperreactivity in humans, in cases of reflex syncope and idiopathic apparent life-threatening events (iALTE) of infants. The involvement of genetics has also been studied in a family with several cases of SIDS (SIDS family). Overexpression of M2R has been observed in patients with reflex syncope. For the first time, biological abnormalities have been identified in this pathology. If this biological parameter could be validated as a risk marker, it could help for differentially diagnosis and treatment of these vagal syncopes. The same abnormalities were observed in children under one year old with iALTE. After a first analysis of the data of the “next generation sequencing” of the exomes of our “SIDS family”, we were able to identify 3 genes that could be involved in SIDS. However, the scenario and the mode of transmission are difficult to define. The first hypotheses are oriented towards a digenism or even a trigenism. The overexpression of M2R in both parents is a first element suggesting the genetic transmission of the character "vagal hyperactivity" in humans. Our work highlights a biological abnormality which is common to reflex syncope, iALTE and SIDS, namely the overexpression of M2R. These results confirm the hypothesis of the involvement of the vagal system overactivity in these pathologies. This parameter, easily measurable in the blood, could be a complementary assessment useful in the differential diagnosis and the management of these pathologies, in particular in infants for whom syncope can be very harmful. The development of the sequencing of human genome will probably allow the identification of genetic risk factors involved in iALTE or SIDS
Blancard, Malorie. "Identification de nouveaux variants responsables d'arythmies cardiaques avec risque de mort subite." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2018SORUS406.pdf.
Full textCardiac sudden death is due to ventricular tachycardia (VT) degenerating into ventricular fibrillation and asystole. Life-threatening arrhythmias are mostly associated with structural heart abnormalities or ischemia. In contrast, there are patients with no ECG abnormalities at basal level, such as catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) or short-coupled torsades de pointes (scTdP). The first aim of my thesis was to study the genetic origin of scTdP through exome sequencing of 20 patients. This study allowed us to show the genetic heterogeneity of this pathology, but also to identify a large proportion of variants involved in the cardiac calcium regulation. Among all identified variants, we analyzed a CACNA1C loss-of-function variant inducing a reduction in current density of the L-type calcium current and an increase of its voltage-dependent inactivation. This variant, present in 0.8% of the African population, is a new risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias. Functional studies were focused on 3 RYR2 variants leading to channel hyperactivity in patients with TdPcc and the identification of a loss-of-function variant present, for the first time, at the homozygous and the heterozygous states in two families with CPVT. This last variant lead to a blunted response to adrenergic stimulation. This work provided a better understanding of the genetics of scTdP and allowed us to show the involvement in scTdP of two genes already implicated in ventricular arrhythmias, CACNA1C and RYR2. The present studies confirm that RYR2 variants are responsible for several phenotypes associated with cardiac arrhythmias leading to sudden death
Swierczynski, Bernard. "Mortalité infantile et mort subite du nourrisson en Gironde : cinq années d'observation 1985 à 1990." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR23039.
Full textFarrugia-Jacamon, Audrey. "Investigations moléculaires dans la mort subite du sujet de moins de 35 ans." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00804339.
Full textFurlan, Jacques. "La mort subite dans la myocardite de fiedler : a propos de deux cas." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR1M264.
Full textMartinez, Marine. "Rôle des fibres de Purkinje dans le substrat arythmogénique et la mort subite." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0368/document.
Full textArrhythmias that lead to sudden death have previously been associated with a specializedcell type, the Purkinje fibers (PF). They form the cardiac conduction system, and have a majorrole in the electrical impulse and synchronous activation of the ventricles. However, they maybe involved in pro-arrhythmic phenomena causing the initiation or maintenance of ventricularfibrillation (VF) in structurally normal and a broad spectrum of cardiac diseases.Nevertheless, electrophysiological and structural characteristics of PF and mechanismsunderlying Purkinje-related arrhythmias are poorly understood. It is hypothesized thatthe Purkinje system plays an important role as a substrate for arrhythmias due to, in part,its impact on transmural repolarization heterogeneity.Here within are six studies describing electrophysiological and macro/micro structuralproperties of sheep and human left ventricles using a combination of conventional andinnovative methods.Results showed that PF, through junctions with the myocardium, locally modulatedthe action potential duration and played a role in the dispersion of repolarization. Therefore,revealing a potential role for PF in both, trigger and maintenance of VF.This work opens new therapeutic perspectives in preventive treatment of ventriculararrhythmia to fight against sudden cardiac death
VIGNANCOUR, YVES. "La morte subite et sa prevention par la defibrillateur implantable : a propos de 7 observations personnelles." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CLF13042.
Full textMorin, Didier. "Neuromodulation sérotoninergique de l'activité respiratoire centrale : études in vitro et in vivo chez le nouveau-né." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX30018.
Full textLEVENEZ, CATHERINE. "On remplace un nourrisson : a propos de cinq enfants nes apres une mort subite du nourrisson." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN1M024.
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