Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mortaline'
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Moon, Eagle Desert. "Mortalist understandings of our own mortality." Full text available, 2002. http://images.lib.monash.edu.au/ts/theses/moon.pdf.
Full textLafaille, Gérard. "La mortalité par alcoolisme en France - Aquitaine - Gironde : étude 1990-1992, évolution de 1973 à 1993." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2M129.
Full textGushue, Sharon. "Underlying causes of death among patients with cancer in Nova Scotia, 1969-1989." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0001/MQ42151.pdf.
Full textAlard, Jean-Éric. "Les auto-anticorps anti-cellules endothéliales : détermination des récepteurs de la β2glycoprotéine 1 et de l’HSP60, deux cibles solubles, et identification de l'ATP synthase, une nouvelle cible membranaire." Brest, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BRES3201.
Full textAnti. Endothelial cells auto-antibodies (AECA) are a pool of antibodies (Ab) that recognize endothelial cells (EC) proteins. In this work, we planed to precise the mechanism involve in the effect of two AECA that recognize soluble targets beta2 GPI and HSP6O. Anti-beta2GPJ Ah are found in anti-phospholipid syndrom. The recognition of beta2GPl on the endothelial cell surface promotes a procoagulant cellular phenotype. This EC’s activation needs a receptor. The Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 were the two main candidates. Our results incriminate TLR2, and exclude the participation ofTLR4 in this process. The second AECA’s target studied was HSP6O protein. Anti-HSP60 ab recognize HSP60 on the surface of stressed EC, This recognition triggers EC apoptosis through an unknown receptor. We found that HSP6O interacted with mortalin on EC cell surface. The complex can mediate an apoptotic response by activation of the CCR5 receptor. As HSP6O cm he expressed at non-stressed EC surface, we found also that ecto-ATP synthase cm bind HSP6O. This interaction seemed to be a protective process of ecto ATP-synthase-dependent regulation of intracellular pH (pHi). Furthermore, we identified ecto-ATP synthase as another target of AECA. Theses AECA could block the pHi regulation of the cells, altering the EC survival. In conclusion, AECA participate to auto-immune injury by targeting different protein complexes on the EC surface. Theses complexes can contain soluble proteins and/or protein originated from intracellular localization. This data underline the complexity of protein localization in EC
Touron, Didier. "Mort dans l'asthme : expérience bordelaise." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR23110.
Full textTrausch, Gérard J. "Etude approfondie de la mortalité au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg: méthodes statistiques, analyse des conséquences socio-économiques, recherches de méthodes d'analyse avec application à la statistique luxembourgeoise depuis 1900." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213421.
Full textKotler, Pamela L. "Having it all multiple roles and mortality /." New York : Garland Pub, 1989. http://books.google.com/books?id=whFHAAAAMAAJ.
Full textMercier, Michael E. "Infant mortality in Ottawa, 1901, an historical-geographic perspective." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ26933.pdf.
Full textMcMahon, Colin. "Quarantining the past, commemorating the great Irish famine on Grosse-Ile." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ64009.pdf.
Full textAublet-Cuvelier, Bruno. "L'analyse géographique des données de mortalité." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR23016.
Full textBoissezon, Bernard de. "Mortalité des personnes âgées dans la cohorte Paquid." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2M190.
Full textCadet, Bruno. "La mortalité asthmatique en France : évolution, étude des fluctuations saisonnières et des variations géographiques du risque de mortalité." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11079.
Full textSilva, Paulo Roberto das Dores da. "Estudos da chaperona molecular Hsp70 mitocondrial humana - mortalina: elucidando aspectos estruturais e funcionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75133/tde-23062015-104546/.
Full textThe human mitochondrial Hsp70 (mtHsp70 or mortalina) is involved in many cellular processes: in the mitochondrion matrix, mortalin acts in the process of protein importation from cytoplasm; in the cytoplasm may act by sequestering p53, protein involved in the proliferation of some kinds of cancer. The literature also shows that mortalin participates in the maintenance of various diseases caused by aging, such as Parkinson\'s and Alzheimer\'s. Thus, the structural study and research of the main functions of mortalin in vivo and in vitro, and its interaction with other chaperones and co-chaperones is of great scientific importance and may provide a greater understanding of their role and cellular biochemical machinery in diseases where it is inserted. Despite being known for a long time, the expression of heterologous mortalin resulted in an insoluble form of the protein, which precludes its in vitro structural and functional studies. Thus, structural and functional information of this protein, along with its interaction with chaperones, co-chaperones and client proteins, remained unknown. By 2005, it was described co-chaperone that acts on mortalin helping its correct folding and its maintenance in the soluble fraction, this mitochondrial protein was called hHep1 (Hsp70-escort protein 1) and through its co-expression with mortalin it was possible to obtain the recombinant mortalin in its monomeric, soluble and stable. With this protein, it was possible to perform tests of structural and functional characterization of recombinant mortalin, the main focus of this doctoral work. The results suggest that mortalin behaves as a slightly elongated monomer in solution, formed by two domains with different stabilities. Functional assays showed that the dissociation constant for interaction with adenosine nucleotide of the order of 1 µM. Mortalin has ATPase activity with Vmax and KM values of 0.21 pmol ATP per min and 190 ± 20 µM, respectively. It is expected that these results provide information for further studies, such as for elucidating the mechanisms that mortalin interacts with client proteins in various cellular compartments in which it operates.
Herjean, Marion Christine. "Les causes de mortalité en transplantation hépatique hors les récidives des pathologies initiales, à propos de 207 transplantations hépatiques." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR23071.
Full textTerrin-Lacosse, Sylvie. "Mortalité à cinq ans d'une cohorte de sujets diabétiques âgés : étude Paquid." Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR2M119.
Full textTachfouti, Nabil. "Estimation de la mortalité attribuée au tabac au Maroc." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0382/document.
Full textBackground : To establish the impact of tobacco smoking on mortality is essential to define and monitor public health interventions in developing countries. In Morocco, smoking prevalence has increased from 17.2% to 18.5% between 2000 and 2006. Moreover, no updated estimates are available on smoking attributable mortality (SAM). The aim of this study is to estimate the number of smoking attributable deaths in Morocco. Methods : The Smoking-Attributable Mortality, Morbidity and Economic Costs (SAMMEC) software was used to estimate the smoking attributable mortality for the year 2012. Smoking and ex-smoking prevalence’s of Moroccan’s aged 35 years or older were obtained from the national survey on tobacco “MARTA” data. Mortality data were drawn from the Mortality declaration registries in Casablanca region and extrapolated on Moroccan population. Results : Of total 36548 deaths recorded in Morocco in 2012 among person aged 35 years and older, 4359 were attributed to smoking in the three groups of selected causes; 3835 men’s and 524 women’s. Smoking accounted for 11.9% of all deaths; 18.3 % in men, and 3.4 % in women. Cancer was the most frequent cause, responsible for 50.7% (2112 deaths) of all smoking attributable deaths, followed by cardiovascular diseases (30.7%:1338 deaths) and respiratory diseases (19.6%: 864 deaths). Conclusion : Tobacco use caused one out of five male deaths. Four leading causes (lung cancer, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and chronic airways obstruction) accounted for for 64.2% of all SAM; 65.0% among men and 61.6% among women’s. Overall, there is still a 5 high burden of tobacco-related deaths in Germany which leads to considerable costs for the German health system and economy. Effective and comprehensive actions must be taken in order to slow this epidemic in Morocco
Videau, Marie-Neige. "Evolution de la létalité des sujets infectés par le VIH en Guadeloupe (1994-1999)." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2M152.
Full textMittoux, Aurélia. "Évaluation de la mortalité chez les patients schizophrènes traités par des antipsychotiques dans des conditions normales de prescription en Europe et en Asie." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10268.
Full textMbola, Mbassi Symplice. "Soins obstétricaux d'urgence et mortalité maternelle dans les maternités de troisième niveau du Cameroun : approche évaluative d'une intervention visant à améliorer le transfert obstétrical et la prise en charge des complications maternelles." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066352/document.
Full textDespite numerous initiatives undertaken by health authorities in the past years, maternal mortality remains a major public health issue in Cameroon. Against this background, research was conducted (i) to determine the maternal mortality patterns in 7 tertiary maternity centers in Cameroon, (ii) to document various stages of an intervention for improving referral system and the management of obstetric emergencies and (ii) evaluate the effect of these measures on maternal mortality and propose future actions. The research was conducted in three phases. A retrospective review of the aggregate data for the period 2004-2006 was performed including all births, obstetric complications, caesarean sections and maternal deaths. Then 33 months intervention has been set up in 22 peripheral maternities and in three tertiary maternity centers where maternal mortality was very high. The evaluation of the intervention was made using the quasi-Experimental design. This method combined the pre- and post- intervention study as well as the study of the maternities where there was intervention compared to the control group. Two years after the intervention, maternal deaths recorded in the target tertiary maternity centers decreased by more than half (P = 0.000001). The case fatality rate decreased from 2.2 to 0.7% in the same group (P = 0.000001). Moreover, the number of deaths among referred women decreased significantly and the case fatality rate was less than 1%. The research findings highlight the impact of capacity building providers, improvement of the referral system and quality of care on maternal mortality
Javaud, Nicolas. "Angioedème bradykinique et médecine d'urgence : vers une optimisation des stratégies de prise en charge." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD098.
Full textWe aimed to optimize the bradykinin-mediated angioedema management in the emergency setting to lead to a reduction in morbi-mortality and socio-economic coasts accompanying this disease. Our work made it possible to show that upper airway attack were associated with intensive care unit admission. Swelling of the larynx or tongue is significantly more frequent in drug-induced AE than the hereditary form, whereas attacks of abdominal pain are more common in patients with hereditary angioedema. Home icatibant self-injection helps avoid hospital admission in hereditary angioedema. We showed also that attacks of laryngeal edema and the progression of the edema were risk factors associated with hospital admission from the emergency department in ACEI-AAE. Finally, our work could propose a new strategy in bradykinin-mediated angioedema patients with the use of a call center during their attacks. The set of factors identified in this work must be taken into account to improve emergency physicians’ practices during emergency care of bradykinin-mediated angioedema patients
SAPOR, CHRISTIANE. "Mortalite des malades mentaux." Aix-Marseille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX20107.
Full textBorner, Leyli. "Apports méthodologiques à l'étude des interactions des oiseaux avec le réseau de transport d'électricité en France." Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MNHN0027/document.
Full textNowadays, most human activities, be they industrial or domestic, involve the use of electricity. Electricity production choices have required the development of electricity transmission networks. The density of this network has fragmented the habitats of flying animals, birds mainly. Further to the electrocution at power poles, this fragmentation can also cause the death of birds colliding with power lines (Bevanger, 1998; Jenkins et al., 2010) and also the disturbance of species or changes in their behaviour (Deng and Frederick, 2001; Prinsen et al., 2011; Shimada, 2001). Many factors have been identified that influence collision (Janss, 2000; Martin and Shaw, 2010). However, bird mortality by collision is difficult to quantify because of the heterogeneity of methods used and also of the existence of quantification biases (Bech et al., 2012; Ponce et al., 2010). This work is centered on a methodological analysis of the interactions between birds and the High-Voltage(HV) and the Very-High-Voltage (VHV) power grid in Metropolitan France. The First Part discusses the localisation and proposes a hierarchy of the risk areas for birds all along the power network. To this purpose we combine data on the configuration of the power network with data on the presence (breeding atlas), and the movements (migration corridors) of bird species that are vulnerable to power lines. In the Second Part, we developed methods for the quantification, at the national level, of bird mortality that result from the collision with HV and VHV power lines. The methodology proposed builds on the estimation achieved during this thesis of the quantification biases through bird carcass detection by observers and the persistence of these carcasses below power lines. The third and last part of this thesis is about bird behaviour change as a response to airspace fragmentation. We characterised the behaviour of birds when they come close to power lines, by adapting a methodology that analyses bird movements. This methodology was recently proposed for the study of bird avoidance at different spatial scales. The aim of our analysis was to identify flight behavior that potentially results in a collision with power lines. Griffon vultures (Gyps fulvus) data collected with three dimensional telemetry (3D GPS data) were used in this behavioural study. This research corpus brings forward a methodological framework for the study of the interaction between birds and power lines and highlights the magnitude of quantification biases associated to the search for bird remains below power lines. For the first time a hierarchy of interactions risks between birds and power lines is established across the entire electricity transmission network in France. Factors that influence Griffon vultures spatial use in the vicinity of power lines in the French Causses were identified
Huong, Dao Lan. "Mortality in transitional Vietnam." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-878.
Full textHessamfar-Joseph, Mojgan. "Morbi-mortalité des femmes infectées par le VIH, à l’ère des multithérapies antirétrovirales." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21906/document.
Full textWomen represent one third of HIV-infected patients in France. The objective of this thesis was to study the clinical features (causes of death and severe morbidity) and the age and determinants of menopause of these patients in a context of equal access to care for all HIV-infected patients.Causes of death of HIV-infected women were identified in 2005, in a nation-wide survey (ANRS EN19, Mortalité 2005). Women died more often than men from AIDS-related causes (43% vs. 34%) and less frequently from hepatic (13% vs. 16%), non-AIDS non-hepatic cancers (14% vs. 17%) and cardiovascular diseases (6% vs. 9%). Severe morbidity was studied within the ANRS CO3-Aquitaine Cohort between 2000 and 2008. Annual incidence rates of hospitalization globally decreased for men and women from 146 per 1000 PY in 2000 to 69 in 2008. The most frequent causes of severe morbidity leading to hospitalization were: bacterial infections, AIDS events, psychiatric, hepatic, hematologic events, viral infections, digestive events, parasitical infections and cardiovascular events. All events had decreased between 2000 and 2008 in men and women excepted for hematologic (2.5 to 15.1 per 1000 PY), hepatic (2.5 to 11.5) and cardiovascular (6.3 à 14.2) events that increased overtime in women. Age at onset and associated factors of menopause were determined within the ANRS CO3-Aquitaine Cohort. Median age at menopause was 49 years and 12% reached menopause before 40 years (premature menopause). African origin (HR: 8.2) and history of injecting drug use (HR: 2.5) were associated with earlier menopause.In conclusion, HIV infected women in France, die more often from AIDS events but present with a predominantly non-AIDS severe morbidity. In a context of similar access to care than men, women’s health care should take into account their co-morbidities (hepatitis co-infections) and the cardiovascular complications of a long term HIV infection
Afridi, Muhammad Asim. "The effects of health aid on health outcomes : public versus private channels." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1111.
Full textThe reduction of child and maternal mortality is universally accepted as a millennium development goal (MDG). Foreign aid for health is one of the means implemented to reach it. However, even if many successes of health aid activities have been underlined at the microeconomic level, the effectiveness of health aid in general remains unknown. In spite of many macroeconomic works on aid effectiveness on economic growth, only little deals with its effectiveness in health. The purpose of this thesis is precisely to assess the effectiveness of foreign aid in improving health measurements, at the macroeconomic level. I tried to explore the impact of health aid disbursed by the donors through the government and private sector on health outcomes like child, maternal and adult mortality rates in developing economies. The thesis examines the issue of foreign aid earmarked for health sector using a three-paper format. The three chapters of this thesis can be read independently
Willner, Sam. "Det svaga könet? : kön och vuxendödlighet i 1800-talets Sverige /." Linköping : Tema, Univ, 1999. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp99/arts203s.htm.
Full textVoss, Margaretha. "Work and health : epidemiological studies of sickness absence and mortality with special reference to work environment, factors outside work and unemployment /." Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-125-X.
Full textSwierczynski, Bernard. "Mortalité infantile et mort subite du nourrisson en Gironde : cinq années d'observation 1985 à 1990." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR23039.
Full textBonnet, Marie-Pierre. "Hémorragie du postpartum : profil épidémiologique et évaluation des pratiques d'anesthésie-réanimation en France." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066009/document.
Full textIn France, the maternal mortality ratio due to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is higher than in other high resources countries. This situation remains partially unexplained. The objectives of this PhD thesis were: 1/ to compare PPH epidemiological characteristics between France and Canada, 2/ to describe anesthesia and intensive care practices in PPH and to compare them with guidelines, first in cases of maternal deaths from PPH and secondly in a large population of women with PPH. The data sources were: the Discharge Abstract Database from the Canadian Institute for Health Information, the Pithagore6 trial and the French Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths. The comparison of PPH epidemiological profiles between France and Canada shows that PPH incidence is not higher in France. Second-line treatments in PPH management are more frequently performed, suggesting a higher incidence of severe PPH in France. Among maternal deaths from PPH, some practices in anesthesia and critical care management appear to be inadequate: clinical monitoring and laboratory assessment, protocol for general anesthesia and transfusion strategy. The description on transfusion practices in a large population of women with PPH shows that the use of blood products is not sufficient. Conversely, transfusion strategies with unproved efficacy are frequently used. These results suggest a higher rate of severe PPH in France, that may result in the higher maternal mortality due to PPH. Inadequate practices in anesthesia and critical care could be involved in this severity. But the association between specific components of anesthesia and critical care management and PPH severity remains to be explored
Lin, Yijia. "Mortality Risk Management." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2006. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/rmi_diss/14.
Full textThomas, Joshua. "Mortality and meaningfulness." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21318/.
Full textZahar, Jean-Ralph. "Epidémiologie et conséquences des infections nosocomiales en réanimation : Impact et conséquences de la résistance bactérienne en réanimation." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENS004/document.
Full textNosocomial infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria are increasing in ICU. They have major individual and collective consequences. Mortality in the ICU and prolongation of length of stay are the two main individual consequences known to date. Several confounding factors make it difficult to interpret studies, including the patient's underlying condition, the virulence of bacteria and the adequacy of therapy. It is essential to measure the share of each of these factors and to clarify their respective responsibilities to mobilize the different actors and improve the prognosis of patients in intensive care. In this thesis, and drawing upon a database including ICU patients, we used the latest statistical methods and tried to take into account the various confounding factors to evaluate the individual consequences of multidrug-resistant bacteria in ICU. We sought to address three specific questions: mortality linked to specific bacterial species, factors associated with mortality in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock in intensive care unit, and the consequences of the isolation of patients infected or colonized with multidrug-resistant bacteria. We demonstrated that (1) because they are associated with a longer stay in intensive care unit, Clostridium difficile infections increase the pressure of colonization although they have no direct consequence on mortality; (2) the prognosis of sever sepsis or septic shock depends on the adequacy of the antibiotic therapy and that resistant bacteria are often inadequately treated; and (3) that isolation is not only associated with an expected increase in the risk of nosocomial pneumonia with multi-drug resistant pathogens strains but also with an increase in non-infectious adverse events
Maseko, Tafadzwa. "Expanding the South African Rapid Mortality Surveillance to cover provincial mortality." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30003.
Full textOlaleye, Peter Damilare. "Mortality investigation : does life table PA90 model annuitants mortality in Nigeria?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/17306.
Full textEste estudo tem como objetivo investigar se a tábua PA90 do Reino Unido constitui um modelo aceitável para a experiência de mortalidade na Nigéria, no que diz respeito à população dos detentores de anuidades. A motivação para o trabalho provém do facto de o mercado nigeriano de anuidades se ter vindo a desenvolver nos últimos anos. Nesta dissertação apresenta-se uma revisão de alguma da literatura relevante sobre o tópico, incluindo algumas noções de base - o que é uma renda vitalícia - e descrições necessariamente breves da investigação sobre questões de mortalidade desenvolvida no Reino Unido e em África, bem como de algumas das razões pelas quais as taxas de mortalidade estão a ser continuamente objeto de estudo. Os dados e as metodologias indispensáveis à prossecução do objetivo são de seguida discutidos e aplicados. Destaque deve ser dado aos dois métodos de suavização utilizados, spline com base natural (NCS) e spline penalizada, que foram usados no training set data, para a obtenção de taxas de mortalidade alisadas. As taxas estimadas são posteriormente comparadas com a tábua PA90, para estudar se esta deve continuar a ser usada na Nigéria, ou se se impõe a realização de um estudo completo da mortalidade no país.
This study aims to investigate PA90 of the UK as a proxy for annuitant mortality table in Nigeria. Annuities seem to grow rapidly across the globe due to reformations and regulations in the public social security systems regarding post retirement plans. Nigerian annuity market is not left out in this global growth as annuity product now gains momentum by the day. The primary focus of this dissertation is to compare PA90 of the UK with crude rates estimated from the national data available, an important topic nowadays in Nigeria. A literature review is provided - what life annuity means, mortality investigations in UK and Africa, and some of the reasons why mortality rates are being assessed. Data and methodology required to accomplish the objective of the work developed are also thoroughly discussed and used. Two smoothing techniques, natural basis spline (NCS) and penalised spline were applied on the training set, to obtain smoothed mortality rates. The rates that have been estimated are then compared with the PA90 rates, to see whether this life table should continue to be used as a proxy for the mortality of Nigerian annuitants, or an independent study should be carried out.
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LAPLANE, JEROME. "Etude de la mortalite perinatale et neonatale tardive observee a la maternite de l'hopital sud de rennes de 1987 a 1990." Rennes 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN1M074.
Full textGhosn, Walid. "Disparités spatiales de mortalité par cause en population générale." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS066/document.
Full textThe analysis of geographical disparities in mortality in the general population is essential for health planning. The aim is to identify the factors involved in the genesis of these differences. This helps to guide decisions about the populations to be targeted and the allocation of resources. The objective of this work was to help explain geographic variations in mortality by cause of death in the general population.In the first part, an estimate is made of the geographical disparities in mortality by cause calculated from the comprehensive national database of medical causes of death using a synthetic measure. On the basis of these findings, an ecological analysis of the evolution of the geographical distribution of mortality is proposed. Assuming that demographic changes are a marker of health changes in society, a typology of demographic changes and a Poisson model were used to investigate this association with mortality trends.In general, geographical disparities in mortality have increased markedly since 1990. The contribution of the regional scale to spatial disparities, which was very high in 1975, has evolved differently according to sex and cause of death. The evolution of mortality is also negatively associated with the increase in population. Depending on the degree of social disadvantage and degree of urbanization, this link is stronger for alcohol-tobacco and violent deaths.The second part is devoted to investigating individual and contextual risk factors using a multilevel model. Initially, the problem of such an analysis was extended to the reliability of multilevel analysis of rare health events. Evaluated by using simulations, the recommendations on the feasibility of a general population analysis were then applied to the Permanent Demographic Sample (PDS). We thus attempted to explain geographical disparities in mortality by socio-demographic composition, the physical environment being characterized by geographical accessibility to care and the social environment being measured by a social disadvantage score.The multilevel feasibility analysis revealed the very high sensitivity of the reliability of the estimates to the geographical scale and the impact of health events studied. In the general population, there was a contextual association with the social disadvantage of the place of residence. This association was systematic and regular for all causes of death investigated. Only geographical disparities in mortality from circulatory diseases were largely explained by individual and contextual factors. Geographic access to care was not found to be associated with mortality.This work emphasizes the multitude of factors involved and the need to combine approaches when dealing with geographical disparities in mortality. The scarcity of events studied in the PDS and the lack of reliable individual socio-economic information in the exhaustive database of causes of death are two major constraints of this type of analysis, in which the appropriate methodologies should be used. Nevertheless, the prospect of obtaining richer data thanks to the use of administrative and medico-administrative bases suggests that significant benefits may be obtained from this approach. Despite the considerable residual uncertainty on certain results, the study clearly highlights the simultaneous importance of individual and contextual factors in the general population
Perrin, Jean-Baptiste. "Modélisation de la mortalité bovine dans un objectif de surveillance épidémiologique." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00830542.
Full textSaucedo, Castillo Monica Del Carmen. "Mortalité maternelle en France : profil épidémiologique, déterminants, amélioration de la mesure." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066733.
Full textWhile maternal mortality has become a very rare event in developed countries, it remains a marker of the performance of a country’s health system. The first work of this thesis was to study the evolution of maternal mortality profile in France between 1998 and 2007 using data from the Confidential enquiry into maternal deaths (ENCMM). The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) remained stable, with 9 deaths per 100,000 live births, it is in the low average of other European countries that also have enhanced measurement systems, which is consider satisfactory in view of the evolution of profile of women and the rise of MMR observed elsewhere. The main cause of death was obstetric hemorrhage. The proportion of avoidable maternal deaths has not changed and remained around 50%. These results emphasize that reducing the MMR is possible, for this, a better understanding of its determinants is essential. The second work explored regional disparities of maternal mortality. The results showed that the risk of postpartum maternal death was higher, after taking women's individual characteristics into account, in the overseas districts (DOM) but also in Ile-de-France, compared with the rest of metropolitan France; we thus deduce that factors related to care may be involved.The relevance of lessons learned from the study of maternal mortality depends on the validity of the data used. The last work assessed the pitfalls of routine mortality statistics to study the frequency and profile of maternal mortality. The underestimation of MMR in mortality statistics has decreased significantly over time. However, inaccuracies are greater than suggested by the MMR; the routine statistics failed to identify one third of the maternal deaths identified by the ENCMM and the causes profile differs from that resulting from the ENCMM
Kırbıyık, Sema Kişioğlu A. Nesimi. "Isparta ili 2002 yılı mortalite kayıtlarının değerlendirilmesi /." Isparta : SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi, 2004. http://tez.sdu.edu.tr/Tezler/TT00154.pdf.
Full textPROPHETTE, BERNARD. "Mortalite infantile dans la somme (1983-1988)." Amiens, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AMIEM105.
Full textVISCONTI, ALEXANDRE. "Diagnostic microbiologique et mortalite des pneumopathies nosocomiales." Aix-Marseille 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX20174.
Full textHögberg, Ulf. "Maternal mortality in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Obstetrik och gynekologi, 1985. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1866.
Full textJayachandra, Vaishnavi. "Factors affecting infant mortality." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585806.
Full textInfant mortality rate has long been an important factor when measuring a country's overall health status. The lower the infant mortality rate the better the country's health status. This study examines the variation of infant mortality in Hispanic/Latinos, Black/African Americans, and Medicaid beneficiaries in the United States. Secondary data was drawn from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey for the year 2011-2012. Results of the study did not reveal or support the demographic or socioeconomic factors that influence the outcome of infant mortality. Future research should include data from the neo-natal intensive care unit, and not just the emergency department, where infant mortality is better recorded.
Crawford, Vivienne Lynda Shirley. "Circannual variation in mortality." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295407.
Full textAdelsberg, Mark. "Public approval and mortality." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/3618.
Full textThen, Amy Y. "Studies of Mortality Estimation." W&M ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616875.
Full textLantto, M. (Marjo). "Childhood mortality in Finland." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2015. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526210247.
Full textTiivistelmä Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli tarkastella muutoksia lasten kuolleisuudessa Suomessa vuosina 1969–2004 ja selvittää tärkeimmät ehkäistävissä olevat kuolinsyyt lapsuudessa. Olimme kiinnostuneita erityisesti lasten infektiokuolleisuudesta ja mahdollisista alueellisista eroista lapsikuolleisuudessa. Koska tapaturmat ovat yleisin kuolinsyy lapsuudessa, analysoimme myös alueellisia eroja lapsuusiän tapaturmakuolleisuudessa vuosina 1969–2013. Neonataalikuolleisuus laski vuosina 1969–2004 78%, 11.13/1000:sta 2.46/1000:een. Perinataaliset ongelmat ja synnynnäiset epämuodostumat olivat yleisin kuolinsyy. Lapsuusiän kuolleisuus laski samanaikaisesti 65%, 0.67/1000:sta 0.23/1000:een tapaturmien ollessa yleisin kuolinsyy. Epämuodostumat, syövät ja hematologiset sairaudet sekä infektiot olivat myös merkittäviä kuolinsyitä. Infektiokuolleisuus laski seuranta-aikana lapsuusiässä 89%, 0.12/1000:sta 0.013/1000:een ja vastasyntyneisyyskaudella 69%, 0.50/1000:sta 0.16/1000:een. Keuhkokuume, keskushermostoinfektiot ja sepsikset olivat yleisimpiä kuolemaan johtavia infektioita lapsuudessa. Yliopistollisten sairaanhoitopiirien välillä ei esiintynyt alueellisia eroja lapsikuolleisuudessa, mutta pienempien sairaanhoitopiirien välillä havaittiin eroja. Myös tapaturmakuolleisuudessa esiintyi merkittäviä alueellisia eroja, erityisesti liikenneonnettomuuksissa sekä itsemurhissa ja henkirikoksissa. Erot säilyivät läpi seuranta-ajan. Lapsikuolleisuus on laskenut Suomessa merkittävästi läpi seuranta-ajan. Koska lapsikuolleisuudessa esiintyy alueellisia eroja keskussairaaloiden välillä, lasten sairaanhoito voi vaatia jatkossa enemmän keskittämistä. Tapaturmat ovat tärkein ehkäistävissä oleva kuolinsyy lapsuudessa, ja kuolleisuutta niihin olisi mahdollista vähentää paikallisen ennaltaehkäisyn kautta
Sango, Hammadoun Aly. "Epidémiologie et surveillance des accidents corporels de la route dans un pays en développement : cas du Mali (Bamako)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0321/document.
Full textIntroduction: According to the joint publication by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bankof the world report on the prevention of the traumas every year the road accidents are responsible for more than1.2 million deaths. 90 % of these deaths arise in low-income countries or intermediary. The fight against thisplague is impeded by the quality of the data which were collected and reported concerning road accidents, by thelack of performance and efficiency of the existing tools of data collection and the non-representativeness of thepopulations of study. In the face of the growing increase of the traffic accidents in developing countries andparticularly in our country, Mali, and the serious lack of a reliable and extrapolable data collection system in thegeneral population, we put in position a research project.Objective: It is to characterize the personal accidents of the road recorded in the structures of health and in allthe police stations of the District of Bamako in order to propose an effective and sustainable information systemallowing to endow Mali of an operational and relevant monitoring system which is able to help in the decisionmakingand in the operational actions of prevention and coverage of the road accidents thus, favoring thecreation of a national monitoring observatory of the road safety based on the rise and the coding of reports.Methods: we proceeded to an estimation of the number of accidents by the method of capture - recapture over aperiod of four months (from January to April, 2012) from a matching of the physical accidental data of the roadof the structures of health and the police. We also led an epidemiological surveillance over 12 months (fromJanuary to April 2012) concerning only the data collected in the police services.Results: The global estimation of the accident victims was absolutely upper to the enumeration of 2 sources thatis 8518 (8047-8990) victims, against 1432 for the police and 3586 for the health services. We can conclude thatthe capture - recapture is a sensitive method of estimation of the exhaustiveness of the applicable number of roadaccidents in low-income countries. On the other hand with the mortality, this underestimate decreases 99 versus57 for the police and 54 for the health services. The study of the surveillance of the RTA from January toDecember, 2012 recorded 2512 accidents with 3905 victims, among whom 407 badly wounded persons and 142persons killed, involving 4434 vehicles.The analysis of the predictive factors of the gravity revealed a vulnerability of individuals who were under 15OR=1.10 (1.05-1.15) and those who were 60 years old or above OR=1.15 (1.06-1.25).Among the causes of the accidents, the carelessness of the pedestrian was the factor the most associated with thegravity of the RTA OR=1.22 (1.06-1.40). The defect of light was associated significantly with the gravity of theroad accidents in Bamako OR=1.05 (1.02-1.09).The analysis of the predictive factors of the lethality showed arisk of dying higher with those were 60 years old and above OR=1.06 (1.01-1.12). The housewives had a lowerrisk of death more important than the other socio-professional classes OR=0.97 (0.96-0.99). Among the causesof the road accidents, the carelessness of the pedestrian was the factor the most associated with the risk of death1.11 (1.02-1.23). Weather conditions especially the rainy season and the cold season were the most lethal periodsof the road accident victims OR=1.08 (1.03-1.13).Conclusion: we can say that this study allowed to clarify human factors significantly associated to the gravityand the lethality of the road accidents, but it has also highlighted the important under estimation of the number ofthe victims of the road by the capture-recapture method which has compared two springs of data (police andhospital)
Chuste, Pierre-Antoine. "Étude de la sensibilité du hêtre lorrain à un événement climatique extrême. Quels sont les rôles des métabolismes carboné et azoté dans la mort des arbres ?" Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0255/document.
Full textAn increase in forest dieback has been observed in recent decades and the question of how trees will react to these brutal changes is raised by the scientific community but not yet resolved. The multiplicity of studies made it possible to draw several hypotheses on the functional mechanisms put into action during a death event leading to mortality, two of which emerge: a dysfunction of the hydraulic system or a depletion of carbon reserves. Nevertheless, these assumptions turned out to be neither exclusive nor exhaustive. Other hypotheses were then proposed in addition to existing ones, in particular the contribution of nitrogen metabolism during a mortality event. Numerous observations point to a potential risk to the ecological status of beech in the face of these global climate changes, in particular a decrease in the availability of soil nitrogen and an increase in drought events. The work in this thesis has therefore sought to evaluate the contribution of nitrogen and carbon metabolisms to dysfunctions observed during an episode of dieback leading to mortality. During the 3 years of the project, we studied how the nitrogen and carbon metabolism could be impacted by successive annual defoliation or a long and intense drought. Our study has shown the internal tree nitrogen cycle is conserved with a strong allocation of nitrogen to the leaf compartment in the spring, its conservation in the foliage during the growing season and an efficient recycling of the leaf nitrogen to the perennial organs during nitrogen winter remobilization. We have been able to estimate that this recycled nitrogen in the fall contributes significantly to the setting up of the new leaf compartment the following spring, even in the face of significant constraints. We have also been able to show that the quantity of carbon reserves is maintained in the face of defoliation and, at least initially, in the face of drought. Nevertheless, the proportional demand for osmotic requirements in the face of a long and intense drought has led to a decrease in the amount of carbon reserves. When the tree dies, the carbon reserves are greatly reduced, but not until exhaustion, contrary to the theory. Finally, the mortality rate in our experiment was quite low indicating the resistance of the Lorraine beech to extreme constraints such as successive defoliation or a long and intense drought. Our results emphasize the resistance character of the beech against a constraint via internal metabolism adjustments but this resistance could be lost if the stress is longer and more recurrent. These elements can question the possible maintenance of beech in the face of climate change
Nkale, Bougha Obouna Estelle. "Pauvreté, santé et genre au Gabon." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40021/document.
Full textGabon displays, paradoxically to his high level of GDP per capita, poor health indicators. Based on thedata of the Demographic and Health Survey of Gabon of 2000, the present study had as objective toexamine the relation between poverty and health. Firstly, the study shows that the level of childmortality is worrying, and that the non-monetary poverty in terms of assets is associated with thismortality. Secondly, the levels of child stunting and underweight are problems. In this respect, oneobserves that stunting represents the first nutritional problem. Moreover, the analyses reveal theexistence of a net relationship between non monetary poverty and malnutrition in terms of stunting.On the other hand; the impact of non monetary poverty on the malnutrition in terms of underweightdepends on the econometric model used. Thirdly, the chow test for mortality and malnutrition are notsignificant, showing that an econometric analysis of the relation between poverty and health by genderis not justified. In other words, households headed by a woman and those headed by a man not behavedifferently as regards health care. Fourthly, the study of the socioeconomic inequality of mortality andthose of malnutrition suggests some comments. First of all, this inequality is very strong. Then, whilethe inequality in mortality is stronger in rural area, the inequality in malnutrition is more pronouncedin cities. Lastly, the welfare disparities of the households have a secondary role as for the explanationof the level of this inequality