Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mortero'
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Morante, Portocarrero Álvaro Artidoro. "Mejora de la adherencia mortero-ladrillo de concreto." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2008. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/176.
Full textTesis
Batallanos, Pozo Christian Andree, and Zenteno Alexander Percy Romero. "Propiedades del mortero utilizando caucho pulverizado de neumáticos." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654609.
Full textThere is many discarded tires every year, due to the uncontrolled increase in the vehicle fleet. Therefore, the recycling and reuse of rubber tires is becoming more and more an obligation and that is why a possible solution is proposed using rubber as a replacement for fine aggregate in construction. The objective of this research was to study the properties of the mortar with rubber to replace the fine aggregate in percentages of 10%, 20% and 30%, taking a traditional mortar as a model. The tests carried out were the thermal conductivity and resistance to compression, which was measured at 7 and 14 days. The results of the thermal transmissibility test indicated that the mortar with rubber in partial replacement of the fine aggregate shows good behavior as a thermal insulator and that the higher the percentage of rubber, the lower the thermal transmissibility through the walls. On the other hand, the results of the compressive strength test show that the rubber-containing mortar has a lower resistance than a traditional mortar, however, it can be used for cladding walls and structural elements.
Trabajo de investigación
Cárdenas, Linares Renato Armando, and Coral Jimmy Jorge Luna. "Estudio experimental de la influencia de los diferentes tipos de mortero y substratos de albañilería en la adherencia con geomallas." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/9164.
Full textTesis
Orizola, Gómez Sebastián Andrés. "Uso de escoria de cobre en cementos." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2006. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/104451.
Full textChura, Flores Santos Salomón. "Estudio del espesor del mortero en muros de albañilería de arcilla cocida." Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 1994. http://cybertesis.uni.edu.pe/uni/1994/chura_fs/html/index-frames.html.
Full textHerrera, Arriagada Cristian Mauricio. "Influencia de la Puzolona en la Fisuración por Retracción en los Hormigones Chilenos." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/104504.
Full textPacheco, Ortega Luis Guerrero. "Análisis comparativo de los códigos internacionales para hormigón proyectados." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/111842.
Full textNo obstante el uso intensivo de hormigón proyectado que se ha registrado en los últimos años en Chile, particularmente en proyectos de túneles mineros y de metro, es relativamente usual que durante el desarrollo de las faenas se produzcan indefiniciones que retrasan a éstas debido a la falta de una normativa chilena que regule los requisitos y procesos conforme a la realidad de las prácticas nacionales. Una carencia evidente se encuentra en las disposiciones para la dosificación de la mezcla de hormigón proyectado, en donde la relación agua cemento, la granulometría de los áridos y el uso de aditivos, entre otros aspectos, varían sin un adecuado control, produciendo un producto de calidad no conforme que puede traer consecuencias negativas para las obras y sus trabajadores. Como extensión de las carencias normativas, se produce un vacío respecto de la preparación y entrenamiento con la que deben contar los operadores o aplicadores del hormigón proyectado (conocidos como pitoneros), lo que redunda en falta de personal calificado y por tanto, también de personal de supervisión. De hecho, actualmente, las empresas constructoras presentan dificultades para conseguir pitoneros y supervisores calificados. Además, no se puede dejar de lado la falta de equipos de nivel mundial producto de la falta de exigencias normativas. Fuera de Chile existe tecnología de excelencia que permite proteger al operador que está en la frente, como también realizar una ejecución del trabajo en forma pareja y de acuerdo las exigencias. Es por lo anterior, que con este trabajo se busca realizar un análisis de los códigos internacionales de hormigón proyectado, para que con ello se pueda contribuir a entregar elementos de comparación y juicio para una futura normativa chilena. Los referidos códigos son de procedencia europea, estadounidense y australiana. Dentro de la procedencia europea, además de dos códigos de carácter comunitario, existen dos nacionales, siendo uno noruego y el otro austriaco. Cabe destacar que algunos de los códigos referidos son la base de las especificaciones técnicas que se realizan para los proyectos mineros y de infraestructura de transporte en el país. Los aspectos a considerar para la comparación de los códigos son los requisitos de materiales y procesos, la clasificación según resistencia temprana o funcionalidad estructural, entre otros criterios, los trabajos preparatorios, los trabajos de proyección, el tratamiento de las fibras y algunas restricciones sobre el cemento. La metodología de trabajo incluye la revisión bibliográfica de los códigos y de algunos aspectos generales del hormigón proyectado. El trabajo concluye reconociendo que los códigos más utilizados en el país son el EFNARC, European Specification for Sprayed Concrete, 1996 y el ÖVBB, Sprayed Concrete Guideline, 2006, pero que los códigos ACI del comité 506, relativos a hormigón proyectado, están siendo día a día más estudiados y seguidos, debido a que ofrecen más elementos de juicio respecto del hormigón con fibra y de las resistencias tempranas, permitiendo de este modo, no adoptar siempre los criterios más restrictivos. Finalmente, el trabajo concluye afirmando la necesidad de normar las competencias que deben tener los operadores y supervisores del hormigón proyectado, además de promover el uso de mayor tecnología cuando aplique, como el caso de los equipos robotizados.
Pedraza, Becerril Bianca Isabel. "LA REOLOGÍA EN EL PROCESO DE MICROFLUIDEZ EN PASTAS DE MORTERO DE CEMENTOS PORTLAND MEXICANOS." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/65975.
Full textAgüero, Orcon Ana Victoria. "Estudio de un nuevo ladrillo de concreto y de la influencia de la cal en el mortero en el comportamiento sísmico de muros confinados." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2011. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/902.
Full textTesis
Callejas, Ossandón Luciana Inés. "Evaluación de la Implementación del Sistema Mortarless como Alternativa de Construcción de Viviendas en Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/104663.
Full textCastañeda, Ames Silvia Pamela, Mendieta Joe Marco Lezama, and Peñaranda José Antonio Ampuero. "Sistema de Relleno con Mortero de Relave para Mejorar la Confiabilidad del Sostenimiento en la Minería Subterránea." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/592880.
Full textAmpuero, Peñaranda José Antonio, Ames Silvia Pamela Castañeda, and Mendieta Joe Marco Lezama. "Propuesta de aplicación del método de relleno con mortero de relave para mejorar la confiabilidad del sostenimiento." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/592695.
Full textVilla, Flores Emmanuel. "Relación de microestructura mecánica contra Composición química de morteros de cementos Portland Mexicanos." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/65967.
Full textKehoe, Mike P., J. Sebastián Lekanda, Roberto de Lorenzo, and Soledad M. Maturana. "Diagnóstico del mercado del mortero predosificado en Chile y evaluación económica de una nueva planta para Dry Mix Ltda." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/144640.
Full textEl análisis considerará a Dry Mix Ltda., filial del Grupo Cementos Bío Bío S.A. Dry Mix es la empresa líder en fabricación y comercialización de morteros predosificados en seco en Chile. Los morteros predosificados son una mezcla industrial de cemento, arenas y aditivos. Dry Mix ofrece la más amplia gama del mercado, con más de 80 productos distintos orientados al sector de la construcción, terminaciones, obra gruesa, reparación y minería, entre otros. El objetivo principal de Dry Mix es formar parte de una solución integral a las necesidades de los clientes del sector construcción, generando productos de mayor valor agregado a partir del cemento, y manteniendo un liderazgo tanto en rentabilidad como en innovación respecto de sus competidores. Dry Mix nació en el año 1997 debido a la previsión de distintas necesidades que emergerían en el mercado de la construcción en Chile. Principalmente, éstas fueron impulsadas por el requerimiento de nuevas tecnologías constructivas, una mayor exigencia en el nivel de calidad impulsada por el sector público, y una mayor normativa medioambiental. Para cumplir con estos requisitos del mercado, el Grupo Bío Bío invierte en una planta con la más alta tecnología a nivel mundial, constituyéndose en la de mayor capacidad instalada y más moderna del país. Sus operaciones comienzan el año 1997, contando con una baja penetración debido a la falta de conocimiento acerca de las ventajas asociadas al uso de los morteros secos en obra. Esto significó importantes gastos de promoción los que consideraron tanto pruebas en obra, como diversos medios publicitarios en distintos medios entre los cuales destacan publicaciones en revistas especializadas, pruebas gratuitas en obra, participación en ferias de la construcción, difusión en organismos públicos para el desarrollo de las normativas técnicas relacionadas al uso del producto, entre muchos otros. Tal como se previó en su evaluación, durante los primeros años de introducción la respuesta hacia el producto fue baja, hecho que fue extensivo a toda la industria emergente de morteros secos. A esa fecha existían otros dos competidores: Presec (Grupo Melón) y Adilisto (Grupo Polpaico). Ambos competidores ya llevaban un año en el mercado orientándose a la gama de productos básicos, siendo éstos los morteros de albañilería y estuco. Este mix concentraba prácticamente la totalidad de sus despachos, los cuales se encontraban principalmente orientados a las empresas constructoras intensivas en el uso del formato “a granel”. En la actualidad, la industria de morteros secos se ha consolidado a nivel nacional, exhibiendo un crecimiento promedio de un 15% anual durante los últimos tres años. Esto motiva a Dry Mix a continuar invirtiendo en la industria a través de nuevas plantas productivas fortaleciendo su presencia a nivel nacional, potenciando su imagen de marca y posicionarse como referente del mercado.
Pialarissi, Cavalaro Sergio Henrique. "Aspectos tecnológicos de túneles construidos con tuneladora y dovelas prefabricadas de hormigón." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/31781.
Full textCastro, Medina Juan Carlos. "Modelización numérica del comportamiento estructural de barras de pandeo restringido." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/32778.
Full textSánchez, Mónica. "Efecto sensorial y bromatológico del empleo de utensilios tradicionales (molcajete) con respecto a utensilios contemporáneos (licuadora, mixer, procesador y mortero) en la preparación de salsa verde." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/59263.
Full textBernuy, Chavez Giancarlo Orlando, and Cortez Howard Hans Flores. "Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas y capacidad autolimpiable del mortero c/a 1:5 de cemento portland tipo I modificado con dióxido de titanio (TIO2), en la ciudad de Lima." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653673.
Full textThe deterioration of the surfaces of the constructions made with mortar c/a 1: 5 of portland cement, are produced by being exposed to the emission of toxic gases emanating from the growing automobile fleet, this problem causes alternatives to be sought in order to counteract its effect on buildings and the environment. A new method to deal this problem is the incorporation of the titanium dioxide photocatalyst (TiO2) into the Portland cement mortar, which is capable of developing self-cleaning and air purification properties to be in contact with sunlight. This work seeks to introduce this organic component to the Portland cement mortar, used for the facade charging and structural elements, for this purpose, different percentages (5%, 7.5% and 10%) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) are added and the properties of the modified mortars making use of [1] compression tests, [2] fluidity tests, [3] absorption tests and [4] photocatalytic activity tests with which the self-cleaning capacity was verified. This study concludes that the best percentage of titanium dioxide addition is 5%, with which the portland cement mortar is granted self-cleaning property without substantially damaging its mechanical properties.
Tesis
Mitsuuchi, Tashima Mauro. "Producción y caracterización de materiales cementantes a partir del Silicoaluminato Cálcico Vítreo (VCAS)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/16879.
Full textMitsuuchi Tashima, M. (2012). Producción y caracterización de materiales cementantes a partir del Silicoaluminato Cálcico Vítreo (VCAS) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/16879
Palancia
Cordero, Verge Mariela. "Estudio de la vida útil de estructuras de hormigón pretensado frente a corrosión por cloruros." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6167.
Full textPor estos motivos, en este trabajo de investigación se propone obtener un estudio detallado de cada material que compone el hormigón pretensado y, de esta forma, desarrollar una propuesta de modelo de vida útil que estima cada tiempo de ingreso de los iones cloruro en cada uno de estos materiales, siendo un modelo que se asemeje a lo que ocurre en la realidad.
Para ello se realizaron las siguientes campañas experimentales y desarrollos teóricos:
· Se ha diseñado un mecanismo bastante sencillo para obtener la tensión de las probetas de acero en un espacio reducido, totalmente original. Se han aprovechado los bastidores de fluencia oleoneumáticos que se utilizan para ensayos de fluencia del hormigón, y se ha diseñado un marco que transforma la carga de compresión aplicada por los bastidores en una fuerza de tracción que ha servido para tesar los alambres con una carga constante.
· Se ha diseñado un dispositivo autónomo que garantizó ciclos controlados de ataque humedad-secado, que funciona mediante un temporizador programable. Todo este sistema de ataque ha estado dentro de una cámara climática donde se ha mantenido la humedad relativa al 50% y la temperatura en 20ºC.
· Se han obtenido experimentalmente resultados respecto de la velocidad de ingreso de los iones cloruro en la masa de hormigón y del mortero de inyección.
· Se han obtenido los coeficientes de difusión y las concentraciones superficiales constantes de cloruros en el hormigón y en mortero de inyección.
· Se ha obtenido como resultado de los datos experimentales de los ensayos realizados en los aceros desbastados mecánicamente un coeficiente que nos indica la influencia del "efecto entalla" debido a una picadura y que puede ser aplicado en el cálculo del estado tensional de esos aceros desbastados.
· Se han obtenido coeficientes de degradación de la tensión última y de degradación de la masa residual de aceros atacados químicamente con una solución de cloruro de sodio. Ambos se han obtenido del análisis experimental realizado durante la amplia campaña llevada a cabo.
· Se ha obtenido experimentalmente la influencia del estado de tensión en aceros cuando éste se combina con un ataque corrosivo, con lo que ocurre en aceros de iguales características pero sin tesarlos con un mismo ataque químico.
· Se ha propuesto un modelo de vida útil para hormigón armado y/o pretensado que esté sometido a un ataque de corrosión por cloruros, que puede ser aplicado en el diseño de estructuras nuevas, y en la evaluación de estructuras en servicio.
· Este modelo se basa en el modelo de durabilidad presentado por Tuutti en 1982, y se mejora con el aporte de la degradación que se produce no sólo en el hormigón (Tuutti, 1982), sino que estudia las degradaciones de los otros materiales que componen el hormigón armado y pretensado (mortero de inyección, acero), todo esto obtenido con nuestros resultados experimentales.
· También, se ha contrastado el modelo aplicándolo en casos reales publicados por otros autores, encontrando una buena correlación para los resultados.
The primary structure function is to resist the loads acting on it. The structure capacity should be understood in an extensive sense and not to be restricted only to the mechanical resistance. In particularly, the resistance to the environmental actions and the adequate durability during the service life period estimated in the project of the structure are essential aspects.
In order to improve the durability of the prestressed concrete structures, this research focuses in the study of the chloride diffusion in the concrete, the grout and the prestressing steel. Then a service model is developed that can be used for the design of new structures or for the evaluation of existing ones. This model represents what occurs in the reality.
Extensive experimental campaigns and theoretical developments were carried out:
· A quite simple mechanism was designed to obtain the tension of the test attacked steel specimen in a reduced space, using concrete creep frames. A framework was designed to transform the compression load applied by the frames in a tension to prestress the wires with a constant load.
· An automatic machine was designed to control the cycle's attacks (humid-dry), which work with a specific software. All this attack system was placed inside a climatic room where a 50% relative humidity and 20ºC temperature was maintained.
· Results regarding the ions chloride diffusion in the concrete mass and in the grout were obtained experimentally.
· The diffusion coefficients were obtained and the chlorides superficial concentration in the concrete and in the grout was considered constant.
· A coefficient that evaluates the influence of the crack geometry carried out mechanically in the wires was calculated.
· Degradation coefficients for ultimate tensile and for the chemically attacked steel residual mass were obtained. The chemical attack was produced with a sodium chloride solution.
· The influence of the tension in the wires was obtained experimentally. Corroded wires without tension were compared with corroded wires prestressed in a frame.
· A service life model for reinforced/prestressed concrete with a corrosion attack by chloride was proposed. This model could be applied in new structures design, and in the evaluation structures in service, too.
· This model is based on the Tuutti durability model (1982), but it is more extensive because this work not only studies the contribution of the degradation of the concrete, it studies the degradations of other materials that compose the reinforced concrete and prestressed (grout, steel).
· Good correlation with experimental results was found.
Formosa, Mitjans Joan. "Formulaciones de nuevos morteros y cementos especiales basadas en suproductos de magnesio." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/97207.
Full textThe present thesis is focused in the assessment of some magnesium by-products and their potential reutilization for the formulation of different materials for several construction applications. Therefore, the use of industrial by-products for the development of construction materials highlights the sustainability criteria along with the environmental benefits associated with the reutilization of secondary materials whilst diminishing the extractive activities of natural resources. This thesis has been structured following the same pattern for the experimental work. Thus, the first part details the state of the art in what construction materials concerns as well as some of the construction solutions suggested. These solutions are, on the one hand, included in the development of mortars for passive fire protection (PFP) and, on the other hand, in the formulation of chemical bonded phosphate ceramics (CBPC) as a repairing material for concrete structures. The first part presents an exhaustive chemical, physical and morphological characterization of the by-products used. This preliminary characterization is of great importance in the development of the research because of the industrial origin of these by-products. In the first part of the experimental section, the first of the solutions proposed used two types of magnesium by-products [Low-Grade Magnesium Hydroxide (LG-MH) and Low-Grade Magnesium Carbonate (LG-MC)] in the formulation of PFP mortars, using conventional Portland cement as a binder. Both industrial by-products thermally decompose through endothermic processes in a wide range of temperatures, delaying the time needed to achieve a selected temperature. In this case, the mortars were formulated by using different percentages of both by-products as aggregates, obtaining a material with good thermal and mechanical properties and therefore feasible to be used as a PFP mortar. However, its utilization as a sprayed mortar can be limited because of the high density of the aggregates used. In this sense, the practical applicability can be improved by adding a lightweight aggregate such as vermiculite, without diminishing the rest of the assessed properties. Subsequently, in the second part of the experimental section, the viability of another magnesium by-product [Low-Grade Magnesium Oxide (LG-MgO)] is evaluated. In this case, for the development of chemical bonded phosphate ceramics (CBPC). The assessment was made by determining the mechanical properties of different dosages as well as by measuring the effect of a setting-time retarder additive, boric acid (HB), described in the literature as a good additive for this purpose while improving workability as well. This study has been realized by means of a statistical method, the design of experiments (DoE), with the purpose of obtain mathematical models that justify the interactions between different components in the mix and their effect in the mechanical properties and the setting-time. Moreover, the use of DoE enables the reduction in the number of experiments and establishes the best range of dosages as a function of the desired characteristics, giving an optimized formulation to be used in the construction solutions that are object of study. It has to be emphasize that the use of LG-MgO in the formulation of CBPC introduces inert phases that are contained in the by-product itself and that are non-reactive, which implies that the CBPC obtained could be considered as mortars. From the results obtained, a small group of formulations with different percentages was selected to be studied with respect their potential as repairing mortars in concrete structures. Following this objective, adhesion tests were performed over different substrates (concrete or terrazzo) and some of the properties required for their use were determined. The main objective of this thesis is to confirm the technological viability for the different fields of application postulated. However, it is not the main purpose to develop a final product able to be commercialized but to prove the viability by means of the know-how acquired during the years of this research and setting up the base for future studies in the development of construction materials using these by-products.
Cappellari, Marco. "Influence des éthers de cellulose sur la rhéologie des mortiers projetés." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DENS0003.
Full textMachinery rendering mortars are characterized by a highly complex mix-design, due to several requirements related to their placement process that need to be fulfilled. It is therefore a challenge to characterize their rheological properties. Indeed they display most of the features encountered in the field of soft matter. We consider the influence of several mix-design parameters on most of the fresh state properties of the mortars. However the main focus is the impact of organic thickening admixtures, in particular cellulose ethers (CE), on the rheological behavior. These admixtures are used for their water retention capacity, yet they have also a high impact on the rheological properties. CEs significantly increase the consistency, while their effect on the yield stress is more complex: when increasing CE dosage rate the yield stress first increases, and then decreases beyond a critical dosage rates. The impact of CE on the mortar rheological behavior is discussed in relationship to its effect on the properties of the interstitial aqueous solution. The associative feature of the CE polymer is particular referred to explain our results. Several parameters that may affect this property are considered. Small amplitude oscillatory shear rheology is used to probe mechanically the influence of CEs on the microstructure of the mortar. By comparing the effect of different thickening admixtures on the viscoelastic properties of the mortars a clear correlation between these properties and water retention is established. The more the admixture introduces viscous dissipation as compared to elasticity into the system, the more it increases its water retention capacity
Roldán, Latorre Walter Leopoldo. "Materiales puzolánicos para uso en conglomerantes especiales basados en yeso." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/10077.
Full textRoldán Latorre, WL. (2011). Materiales puzolánicos para uso en conglomerantes especiales basados en yeso [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/10077
Palancia
Soufi, Abderrahmane. "Etude de la durabilité des systèmes béton armé : mortiers de réparation en milieu marin." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01067496.
Full textEscrig, Pérez Christian. "Estudio del comportamiento mecánico de vigas de hormigón armado reforzadas a flexión y a cortante con materiales compuestos de matriz cementítica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/321366.
Full textLa tendencia global en aplicar criterios de sostenibilidad en la mayoría de ámbitos productivos, así como la limitada durabilidad y las patologías que sufren los elementos de hormigón armado, son aspectos que influyen directamente en la creciente necesidad de reforzar este tipo de estructuras. Las vigas de hormigón armado son elementos frecuentemente sometidos a esfuerzos de flexión y cortante. La evolución de las técnicas de refuerzo que permiten incrementar la capacidad resistente frente estas solicitaciones, ha consistido en el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías que maximizan la velocidad/facilidad de ejecución de la solución y minimizan el tiempo que la estructura está fuera de servicio. En este sentido, la introducción de materiales compuestos en la construcción ha revolucionado el sector de los refuerzos estructurales. El textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) es un material compuesto que combina tejidos, hechos de fibras de resistencia a tracción elevada, y matrices de base cementítica. La principal característica de este material es que, a diferencia de técnicas como el fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP), no requiere de la utilización de resinas orgánicas para su fabricación y aplicación en las estructuras. La presente tesis ha consistido en el análisis del comportamiento mecánico y estructural de vigas de HA reforzadas a flexión y a cortante con diferentes tipos de TRM. Para lograr este objetivo, se han realizado dos campañas experimentales principales. En la primera de ellas, se han ensayado once vigas a escala real, diez de ellas reforzadas previamente a flexión con cinco tipos diferentes de TRM. En la segunda campaña, se han sometido a ensayo nueve vigas de HA, ocho de ellas reforzadas a cortante con cuatro combinaciones diferentes de tejidos y morteros. Antes de estas campañas principales, se ha caracterizado el comportamiento mecánico de todos los materiales utilizados, es decir, el hormigón, el acero, los morteros, los tejidos y el material compuesto TRM. Además, se ha realizado una campaña experimental de aproximación, basada en el refuerzo a flexión y ensayo de doce viguetas prefabricadas, que ha permitido la familiarización con la técnica de aplicación del refuerzo y la obtención de resultados, a partir de los cuales, se ha elegido las mejores combinaciones de tejidos y morteros a utilizar en las campañas experimentales principales. Utilizando los datos experimentales, se han realizado dos estudios analíticos enfocados al diseño de vigas de HA reforzadas a flexión y a cortante con TRM, respectivamente. En ambos estudios, inicialmente se ha evaluado la capacidad de predicción de tres modelos analíticos incluidos en normativas de FRP y TRM, adaptando la formulación de los códigos propuesta por fib-Bulletin 14 y ACI 440.2R-08 al caso particular de los refuerzos de matriz cementítica, y aplicando directamente la formulación propuesta por ACI 549.4R-13. En la segunda parte de los estudios, empleando los resultados experimentales obtenidos en el presente trabajo y los recopilados de investigaciones similares, se han desarrollado modelos analíticos basados en la reducción de las capacidades mecánicas de las fibras que componen los tejidos. Los resultados muestran que, en el caso del TRM aplicado como refuerzo a flexión, los especímenes logran incrementar en un 27,4% su capacidad previa a la plastificación, y en un 8,2% su capacidad última a flexión. Este incremento de prestaciones alcanza el 33,7% en el caso de las vigas de HA reforzadas a cortante. Por otro lado, los resultados del estudio analítico muestran que los modelos adaptados de las normativas de FRP presentan una mejor capacidad de predicción que el modelo desarrollado para el TRM, que se revela significativamente conservador. Por último, los modelos analíticos propuestos, basados en el ajuste de las propiedades de las fibras de los tejidos, muestran un nuevo enfoque para el diseño de refuerzos TRM en vigas de HA.
La tendència global a aplicar criteris de sostenibilitat en la majoria d’àmbits productius, així com la limitada durabilitat i les patologies que pateixen els elements de formigó armat, són aspectes que influeixen directament en la creixent necessitat de reforçar aquest tipus d’estructures. Les bigues de formigó armat són elements freqüentment sotmesos a esforços de flexió i tallant. L’evolució de les tècniques de reforç que permeten incrementar la capacitat resistent en front aquestes sol·licitacions, ha consistit en el desenvolupament de noves tecnologies que maximitzessin la velocitat/facilitat d’execució de la solució i minimitzessin el temps que l’estructura està fora de servei. En aquest sentit, la introducció de materials compostos en la construcció ha revolucionat el sector dels reforços estructurals. El textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) és un material compost que combina teixits, fets de fibres de resistència a tracció elevada, i matrius de base cementítica. La principal característica d’aquest material es que, a diferència de tècniques com el fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP), no requereix de la utilització de resines orgàniques per a la seva fabricació y aplicació a les estructures. La present tesi ha consistit en l’anàlisi del comportament mecànic i estructural de bigues de formigó armat reforçades a flexió i a tallant amb diferents tipus de TRM. Per a aconseguir aquest objectiu, s’han realitzat dues campanyes experimentals principals. En la primera d’elles, s’han assajat onze bigues a escala real, deu d’elles reforçades prèviament a flexió amb cinc tipus diferents de TRM. En la segona campanya, s’han sotmès a assajos nou bigues de formigó armat, vuit d’elles reforçades a tallant amb quatre combinacions diferents de teixits i morters. Abans d’aquestes campanyes principals, s’ha caracteritzat el comportament mecànic de tots els materials utilitzats, és a dir, el formigó, l’acer, els morters, els teixits i el material compost TRM. A més, s’ha realitzat una campanya experimental d’aproximació, basada en el reforç a flexió i assaig de dotze biguetes prefabricades, que ha permès la familiarització amb la tècnica de reforç i l’obtenció de resultats, a partir dels quals, s’han escollit les millors combinacions de teixits i morters a utilitzar en les campanyes experimentals principals. Utilitzant les dades experimentals, s’han realitzat dos estudis analítics enfocats al disseny de bigues de formigó armat reforçades a flexió i a tallant, respectivament. En ambdós estudis, inicialment s’ha avaluat la capacitat de predicció de tres models analítics inclosos en normatives de FRP i TRM, adaptant la formulació dels codis proposada per fib-Bulletin 14 i ACI 440.2R-08 al cas particular dels reforços de matriu cementítica, i aplicant directament la formulació proposada per ACI 549.4R-13. En la segona part dels estudis, emprant els resultats experimentals obtinguts en el present treball i els recopilats d’investigacions similars, s’han desenvolupat models analítics basats en la reducció de les capacitats mecàniques de les fibres que composen els teixits. Els resultats mostren que, en el cas del TRM aplicat com a reforç a flexió, els espècimens aconsegueixen incrementar en un 27,4% la seva capacitat prèvia a la plastificació, y en un 8,2% la seva capacitat última a flexió. Aquest increment de prestacions arriba fins el 33,7% en el cas de les bigues de formigó armat reforçades a tallant. Per altra banda, els resultats de l’estudi analític mostren que els models adaptats de les normatives de FRP presenten una millor capacitat de predicció que el model desenvolupat per al TRM, que es revela significativament conservador. Per últim, els models analítics proposats, basats en l’ajust de les propietats de les fibres dels teixits, mostren un nou enfoc per al disseny de reforços TRM en bigues de formigó armat
Euzébio, Vilmar Machado. "A morte e as mortes na obra de Juan Rulfo." Florianópolis, SC, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/91597.
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A presente dissertação realiza uma trajetória pela narrativa de el Llano en Llamas (1953) e Pedro Páramo (1955) de Juan Rulfo. Nessas obras, a morte - grande conflito humano - aparece como tema recorrente. Os personagens de el Llano en Llamas "vivem"ensimesmados na solidão do campo, enquanto os personagens de Pedro Páramo sofrem coletivamente sob o domínio do cacique Pedro Páramo. A proposta literária dessas narrativas possibilita ao leitor engendrar uma nova e insólita visão de mundo, pois nelas o autor reflete as frustrações coletivas do homem. Por viverem esse context de morte-vida, os personagens recorrem a esperança cristã, apresentada pela Igreja Católica. Portanto, nesta dissertação, primeiramente apresenta-se uma visão filosófico/teológica - que é a base da pesquisa. Posteriormente, apresenta-se o tema da morte na arte em geral e na literatura. E, por ultimo, apresentam-se a "vivência" da morte na obra rulfiana e uma possível saída do mundo mesquinho de Comala, como expressão de libertação de conflito maior que é a morte. This dissertation deals with Juan Rulfo´s book of short stories El llano en llamas (1953) and the novel Pedro Páramo (1955). The point at issue of the writings is the predicament of death which epitomizes all other conflicts. The campesinos of the stories live in the loneliness of the wasteland, whereas the dwellers of Comala meet a common fate under the merciless grasp of Don Pedro. A fresh approach to the writings that lay bare human frustrations brings about a new insight. Entangled in a life steadily threatened by death the characters appeal to christian hope, to no avail. The research focuses on the "living" death of Rulfo´s fiction, first by means of a theo-philosophical approach. Then comes death in art, specifically in literature. Lastly we look into death in both Rulfo´s masterpieces, venturing eventually a possible escape from Comala, that is, from the grip of death.
Phan, Van-Tien. "Relationship between the adhesive properties and the rheological behavior of fresh mortars." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00802664.
Full textLago, Tainah Morais. "Mortes possíveis : análise de manifestações da morte no cinema documentário ocidental." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2016. http://ri.ufs.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3196.
Full textEsta pesquisa consiste em um estudo sobre as manifestações da morte em quatro obras do cinema documentário ocidental: Les Maîtres Fous (1954), dirigido por Jean Rouch; Mondo Cane e Mondo Cane 2 (1962 e 1964), dirigidos por Gualtiero Jacopetti e Franco Prosperi; e Nick’s Film: Lightning Over Water (1981), dirigido por Wim Wenders e Nicholas Ray. As obras fílmicas aqui selecionadas apresentam diferentes enfoques sobre a mortalidade, abordando desde a morte do outro, marcado pela alteridade cultural em relação ao cineasta, até a morte de si, inserida em um contexto familiar aos realizadores. O exame empreendido sobre esse conjunto de filmes se alicerça sobre dois elementos fundamentais no campo desse gênero cinematográfico: o primeiro é a questão da inserção da obra em um espaço ético sancionado pela sociedade, e o segundo é referente à indexação do conteúdo fílmico como assertivo. A manifestação visual da morte documentada aponta para um espaço constituído por relações sociais concretas que constroem uma base ética própria, conferindo problematizações de ordem moral aos atos de produzir e/ou assistir tais imagens. É importante esclarecer que a manifestação visual da morte é realizada através dos seus dois correlatos: a violência - praticada contra o corpo vivo - e o cadáver, e que esses dois elementos estão associados ao termo, quando for referido neste trabalho. As concepções de morte atuam na estruturação dos meios de vida e, a partir dessa noção, são retomados dados históricos sobre a iconografia da morte na sociedade ocidental, a partir do período medieval até os dias atuais. A trajetória da confrontação do homem com sua condição de mortal, revelada através dos diferentes meios de apropriação da morte, referentes a grupos sócio-históricos específicos, possibilita a percepção das noções atuais associadas ao tema como resultado de uma construção histórica, e não como sistematizações absolutas. Partindo do princípio de que a antropologia percebe o cinema como um produto cultural, as manifestações da imagem-intensa da morte no filme documentário são entendidas como registros das particularidades da nossa cultura acerca desta temática, constituindo um campo importante para a pesquisa antropológica.
Covane, Lourenço Alfredo. "Representação da morte em "O regresso do morto" e "Palestra para um morto" de Suleiman Cassamo." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/14210.
Full textO presente trabalho aborda a representação literária da morte, segundo as obras moçambicanas O Regresso do Morto e Palestra para um Morto, de Suleiman Cassamo. Porque a morte é recorrente dos seus contos e no seu romance, decidimos estudar a especificidade desta temática, tendo em conta o contexto sociocultural onde ela acontece. Mas antes, começamos por proceder a uma reflexão teórica sobre o assunto, revisitando a cultura e a literatura ao longo dos tempos. Posteriormente, apresentamos uma visão global da morte em algumas obras moçambicanas e, finalmente na narrativa de Saleiman Cassamo. O aspeto mais marcante nas obras em análise é o modo como as personagens convivem com a morte. A morte não é algo inquietante para os vivos, pois eles convivem bem com ela, optando, por vezes, por se darem à morte para encontrar o sossego que não tiveram em vida. Suleiman Cassamo, ao oferecer ao leitor a sua própria visão da morte, abre uma perspetiva sobre a vida e leva o leitor a refletir sobre as múltiplas expressões da sua própria existência.
The present work discusses the literary representation of death, according to two works by the Mozambican author Saleiman Cassamo - O Regresso do Morto and Palestra para um Morto. Because death is a recurring subject on his tales and his novel, we decided to study the specificity of this matter, taking into account the socio-cultural context in which it happens. But before, we begin by carrying out a theoretical reflection on the subject, revisiting culture and literature throughout time. Subsequently, we present an overview of death in some Mozambican works and, finally, in Saleiman Cassamo’s narrative. The most striking aspect of the works in question is how the characters live with death. Death is not something disturbing to the living because they live well together with it, choosing, sometimes, to give themselves to death in order to find the peace that they did not have in life. Suleiman Cassamo provides the reader with his own vision of death and perspective on life, leading the reader to a self-reflection on the many expressions of his own existence.
Yacoub, Aiman. "Effet du traitement du sable recyclé sur les propriétés du mortier." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1036.
Full textThe sustainability of primary resources is subjected to continuous threat via the construction industry. In fact, the amount of construction and demolition waste (CDW) produced and dumped into landfills is increasing each year. This situation forced the concrete industry to generate effective solutions such as implementing CDW as recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) to produce new types of concrete. Furthermore, a recent life cycle assessment study proved that the concrete made of RCA presents the best environmental behavior. CDW is currently used in the road and sidewalks construction and maintenance, however it needs more time and further investigations before using it completely as RCA in new concrete for building construction field because of their poor porosity properties. The recycling of the totality of the RCA in order to be used as new materials to produce new recycled concrete opens nowadays new environmental, economic and technological perspectives. Many scientific obstacles need to be studied in order to solve these perspectives. The re-use of the CDW as RCA will allow the limitation of the extraction of the raw materials and preserving the natural aggregates fields. In this thesis, we will be studying the fraction 1-4 mm of the RCA called recycled sand (RS). The water absorption of the RS influences the fresh and the hardened properties of mortar. Therefore, it is hard to maintain a constant W/C ratio since there is two phenomena during the fabrication of mortar: the absorption kinetic of the RS and the hydration reaction of the cement. In addition, the use of the RS leads to a decrease in the compressive strength and the durability properties of mortar. This decrease is controlled by three parameters: the porosity of the RS, the properties of the new cement paste and the properties of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ).The thesis proposed by the laboratory FM2D / MaST (IFSTTAR) is entitled ‘Effect of the treatment of the recycled sand on the properties of mortar’. This research subject is a comparison study between the behavior of treated recycled sand mortar and non-treated recycled sand mortar. In order to solve the problem of the use of recycled sand new mortar, we suggest two approaches:-Determining an optimal saturation state of the recycled sand in order to obtain a constant effectif W/C ratio.-Enhancing the microstructure of the RS using chemical products before using it in formulating new mortar. The treatment process proposed in this research consists of testing different chemical products with different concentrations using different application methods and different application times. The aim behind the chemical treatments proposed is, firstly, to decrease the value of the water absorption coefficient of the RS. The fresh and the hardened properties (compressive strength, durability properties, shrinkage) of mortar made with the treated RS (100% volume substitution) will be studied and compared to the properties of mortar made of non-treated RS and finally with the normalized mortar.The results obtained during this research indicate a success of the chemical treatment. The WAC of the RS decreased and the fresh and hardened properties of the mortar as well as it durability properties were enhanced compared to the mortar made of non-treated RS
Soriano, Martínez Lourdes. "Nuevas aportaciones en el desarrollo de materiales cementantes con residuo de catalizador de craqueo catalítico (fcc)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/2542.
Full textSoriano Martínez, L. (2007). Nuevas aportaciones en el desarrollo de materiales cementantes con residuo de catalizador de craqueo catalítico (fcc) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/2542
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Akula, Basava Raju. "Une extension de la méthode mortar pour application aux contacts et au couplage de maillages." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM003/document.
Full textIn this work we develop a set of methods to handle tying and contact problems along real and virtual (embedded) surfaces in the framework of the finite element method. The first objective is to elaborate an efficient and fully consistent three-dimensional mortar formulation using the monolithicaugmented Lagrangian method (ALM) to treat frictional contact problems. Variousaspects of the numerical treatment of contact are discussed: detection, discretization, accurate evaluation of mortar integrals (projections, clipping, triangulation), the parallelization on distributedmemory architectures and optimization of convergence for problems involving both contact and material non-linearities. With mortar methods being drawn from the domain decomposition methods, the mesh tying problems for the class on non-matching interfaces is also presented.A new two-dimensional MorteX framework, which combines features of the extended finite element method (X-FEM) and the classical mortar methods is elaborated. Within this framework, mesh tying between overlapping domains and contact between embedded (virtual) boundaries can be treated. However, in this setting, severe manifestation of mesh locking phenomenon can take place under specific problem settings both for tying and contact. Stabilization techniques such as automatic triangulation of blending elements and coarse-grained Lagrange multiplier spaces are proposed to overcome these adverse effects. In addition, the coarse graining of Lagrange multipliers was proven to be useful for classical mortar methods, which is illustrated with relevant numericalexamples.The MorteX framework is used to treat frictional wear problems. Within this framework the contact surface evolution as a result of material removal due to wear is modeled as an evolving virtual surface. Use of MorteX method circumvents the need for complex remeshing techniques to account for contact surface evolution. The proposed methods are developed and implemented in the in-house finite element suite Z-set. Numerous numerical examples are considered to validate the implementation and demonstrate the robustness, performance and accuracy of the proposed methods
Tran, Thu Hien. "Influence des caractéristiques intrinsèques d’un mortier sur son encrassement biologique." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EMSE0626/document.
Full textBiofouling of wall coatings is an aesthetic and economic problem. Among microorganisms involved, the algae are the most involved. This work aimed to study experimentally the influence of intrinsic parameters (porosity, roughness and carbonation) of a cement-based mortar on its bioreceptivity and to model the development of algae.To study the algal biodegradation, an accelerated laboratory test was developed. This work was carried out with the green alga Klebsormidium flaccidum frequently identified in samples taken on colonized facades. The results show that an increase in roughness and a decrease in surface pH by carbonation of mortars promote fouling by algae.A model based on Avrami's law was used to simulate the algal colonization. Two processes involved in the mechanism of colonization: the attachment (or "germination") and the growth of algae. The kinetic parameters representing these processes have been determined and reveal the importance of the roughness and the carbonation on the constant rate of "germination".Exposure of samples in nature was also carried out. The results obtained allow recovering partially the behavior of materials in the laboratory test even if the start of colonization seems to be affected by weather conditions
Negreiros, Daniele Jesus. "Eu me senti morto: sentidos de risco e proteÃÃo para adolescentes ameaÃados de morte." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2017. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=20268.
Full textO presente estudo aborda a problemÃtica da violÃncia urbana, destacando as ameaÃas de morte sofridas por adolescentes e jovens em Fortaleza, no CearÃ, cidade que se destacou negativamente em nÃvel nacional ao liderar (em 2012 e em 2014) o ranking das capitais com mais mortes de adolescentes na faixa de 12 a 18 anos, segundo o Ãndice de HomicÃdios na AdolescÃncia. Alinhados à perspectiva histÃrico-cultural e à teorizaÃÃo de Vigotski sobre a construÃÃo subjetiva nas interaÃÃes sociais, tivemos como objetivo geral analisar a produÃÃo dos sentidos de risco e proteÃÃo por adolescentes inseridos no Programa de ProteÃÃo à CrianÃa e ao Adolescente AmeaÃados de Morte (PPCAAM) do estado do CearÃ, que tem como uma das principais aÃÃes a acomodaÃÃo da crianÃa/adolescente e sua famÃlia em ambiente compatÃvel com a proteÃÃo, geralmente em um municÃpio diferente do que a famÃlia residia quando sofreu ameaÃas. Como objetivos especÃficos incluem-se: compreender o sentido de ameaÃa de morte para os adolescentes ao adentrarem em um programa de proteÃÃo; conhecer os impactos psicossociais advindos da inserÃÃo dos adolescentes no novo contexto de proteÃÃo e, por Ãltimo, compreender como as novas redes de apoio social, que se formam com a entrada do adolescente no PPCAAM, sÃo dimensionadas por estes em termos de risco e proteÃÃo. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou como procedimento de produÃÃo de dados entrevistas narrativas e observaÃÃo participante. Houve ainda a construÃÃo de diÃrios de campo intentando a compreensÃo dos sentidos de risco e proteÃÃo para os adolescentes ameaÃados de morte, aliando-se a anÃlise dos documentos produzidos pelo PPCAAM. Tivemos a participaÃÃo de um jovem no estudo piloto e de dois adolescentes acompanhados pelo PPCAAM que, antes do ingresso na proteÃÃo, residiam em Fortaleza e foram incluÃdos na modalidade familiar de atendimento. A partir das categorias analÃticas empÃricas construÃdas para o entendimento do problema, destacamos como principais resultados: os sentidos de risco e proteÃÃo construÃdos pelos adolescentes dialogam com a forma como as famÃlias constroem aspectos protetivos para a superaÃÃo de seus problemas coletivos. A correlaÃÃo entre violÃncia, adolescÃncia e ameaÃa que implica em dinÃmicas itinerantes forjadas pelas famÃlias para sua proteÃÃo e que, no entanto, vulnerabilizam as redes de apoio sociais, comunitÃrios e institucionais estabelecidas com estas. Os adolescentes, na busca por reconhecimento e autonomia, demonstram o que compreendem como falhas em aspectos protetivos no decorrer de suas vidas e expressam expectativas de reparaÃÃo destes. AlÃm disso, as experiÃncias de varejo no comÃrcio ilegal de drogas sÃo significadas de formas diversas pelos adolescentes e a vivÃncia das famÃlias em proteÃÃo repercute na forma como vÃo gerar independÃncia do programa, buscando autonomia, bem como na maneira como promovem o desenvolvimento e a transformaÃÃo na vida dos adolescentes
El presente estudio aborda la problemÃtica de la violencia urbana, destacando las amenazas de muerte sufridas por adolescentes y jÃvenes en Fortaleza, CearÃ, ciudad que se destacà negativamente a nivel nacional al liderar (en 2012 y en 2014) el ranking de las capitales con mÃs muertes de adolescentes en el grupo de edad de 12 a 18 aÃos, segÃn el Ãndice de Homicidios en la Adolescencia. De acuerdo con las bases conceptuales del enfoque histÃricocultural, presentado por Vigotski, sobre la construcciÃn subjetiva en las interacciones sociales, tuvimos como objetivo general analizar la producciÃn de los sentidos de riesgo y protecciÃn por los adolescentes incluÃdos en el Programa de ProtecciÃn al NiÃo y al Adolescente Amenazados de Muerte (PPNAAM) del estado de CearÃ, que tiene como una de las principales acciones el alojamiento del niÃo/adolescente y su familia en un ambiente compatible con la protecciÃn, generalmente en un municipio diferente de lo que la familia vivÃa cuando sufrià amenazas. Y como objetivos especÃficos tenemos: compreender el sentido de amenaza de muerte para adolescentes al entrar en un Programa de protecciÃn; conocer los impactos psicosociales surgidos de la inserciÃn de los adolescentes en el nuevo contexto de protecciÃn y, por Ãltimo, comprender cÃmo las nuevas redes de apoyo social, que se forman con la entrada del adolescente en el PPNAAM, son dimensionadas por Ãstos en riesgo y protecciÃn. Se trata de un estudio de enfoque cualitativo, que utilizà como procedimiento de producciÃn de datos entrevistas narrativas y observaciÃn participante. TambiÃn hubo la construcciÃn de diarios de campo intentando la comprensiÃn de los sentidos de riesgo y protecciÃn para los adolescentes amenazados de muerte, aliÃndose el anÃlisis de los documentos producidos por el PPNAAM. Tuvimos la participaciÃn de un joven en el estudio piloto y de dos adolescentes acompaÃados por el PPNAAM que, antes del ingreso en la protecciÃn, vivÃan en Fortaleza y fueron incluidos en la modalidad familiar de atenciÃn. Por las categorÃas analÃticas empÃricas construidas para el entendimiento del problema, destacamos como principales resultados: los sentidos de riesgo y protecciÃn construidos por los adolescentes dialogan con la forma como las familias construyen aspectos protectores para la superaciÃn de sus problemas colectivos. La correlaciÃn entre violencia, adolescencia y amenaza implica en dinÃmicas itinerantes que las familias enfrentan para su protecciÃn y que, sin embargo, vulnerabilizan las redes de apoyo sociales, comunitarios e institucionales establecidas. Los adolescentes, en busca de reconocimiento y autonomÃa, demuestran lo que comprenden como faltas en los aspectos protectores en el transcurso de sus vidas y expresan expectativas de reparaciÃn de Ãstos. AdemÃs, las experiencias en el comercio ilegal de drogas son significadas de formas diversas por los adolescentes y la vivencia de las familias en protecciÃn repercute en la forma en que van a generar independencia del programa, buscando autonomÃa, asà como en la manera como promueven el desarrollo y la transformaciÃn en la vida de los adolescentes
SOUZA, E. R. "A MORTE SOB OUTRO PONTO DE VISTA: Transformação do líder morto em mártir-encantado." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/4330.
Full textEsta pesquisa pretende evidenciar, a partir de três experiências etnográficas, algumas das modalidades de tradução dos assassinatos de lideranças (sindicais, religiosas, camponesas e indígenas) em áreas marcadas historicamente por intensos conflitos fundiários no Brasil: São Geraldo do Araguaia (PA), Ribeirão Cascalheira (MT) e Pesqueira (PE); com o intuito de problematizar a transformação/fabricação de Raimundo Ferreira Lima (Gringo), João Bosco Penido Burnier e Francisco de Assis Araújo (Xicão Xukuru) em mártires da terra e/ou encantados, presentificados nas peregrinações decorrentes desses acontecimentos, as Romarias dos mártires da caminhada. O foco da análise serão as narrativas sobre estes líderes marcados para morrer, que nos oferecem ferramentas para pensar de que forma suas trajetórias pessoais, assim como as ameaças que antecederam os assassinatos por encomenda destes personagens provocaram outros pontos de vista sobre a morte/violência nesses espaços de luta. Esta topologia é uma tentativa de organizar uma lógica de pensamento que reconheça a transição entre vida e morte, articulada pelas diversas experiências de conflitos e enfrentamentos, que perpassam o direito de permanecer em territórios historicamente ocupados e apropriados por esses coletivos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Conflitos fundiários Mártires-encantados Romarias
Souza, Edimilson Rodrigues de. "A morte sob outro ponto de vista : transformação do líder morto em mártir-encantado." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5838.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Esta pesquisa pretende evidenciar, a partir de três experiências etnográficas, algumas das modalidades de tradução dos assassinatos de lideranças (sindicais, religiosas, camponesas e indígenas) em áreas marcadas historicamente por intensos conflitos fundiários no Brasil: São Geraldo do Araguaia (PA), Ribeirão Cascalheira (MT) e Pesqueira (PE); com o intuito de problematizar a transformação/fabricação de Raimundo Ferreira Lima (Gringo), João Bosco Penido Burnier e Francisco de Assis Araújo (Xicão Xukuru) em mártires da terra e/ou encantados, presentificados nas peregrinações decorrentes desses acontecimentos, as Romarias dos mártires da caminhada. O foco da análise serão as narrativas sobre estes líderes marcados para morrer , que nos oferecem ferramentas para pensar de que forma suas trajetórias pessoais, assim como as ameaças que antecederam os assassinatos por encomenda destes personagens, provocaram outros pontos de vista sobre a morte/violência nesses espaços de luta. Esta topologia é uma tentativa de organizar uma lógica de pensamento que reconheça a transição entre vida e morte, articulada pelas diversas experiências de conflitos e enfrentamentos que perpassam o direito de permanecer em territórios historicamente ocupados e apropriados por esses coletivos
This research aims to highlight, from three ethnographic experiences, some of the manners for the translation of leaders assassinations, respectively union workers, religious, farmers and indigenous, in areas historically marked by intense land conflicts in Brazil: São Geraldo do Araguaia (PA), Ribeirão Cascalheira (MT) and Pesqueira (PE), in order to discuss the transformation/generation of Raimundo Ferreira Lima (Gringo), João Bosco Penido Burnier and Francisco de Assis Araújo (Xicão Xukuru) in the land martyrs and/or enchanted, made present in the pilgrimages arising from these events, the pilgrimages of the martyrs of the walk. The focus of the analysis will be the stories about these leaders "marked for death", which offer us tools to think about how their personal trajectory as well as the threats that preceded the ordered murders of these characters caused other points of view on the death/violence in these spaces of struggle. This topology is an attempt to organize one logic of thought that recognizes the transition between life and death, articulated by various experiences of conflict and confrontation, which underlie the right to remain in the territories historically occupied and appropriated by these collectives
Moustachi, Om Elkhaïat. "Influence de la microstructure des mortiers de ciment portland armes de fibres sur leur comportement mecanique en flexion." Toulouse, INSA, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ISAT0002.
Full textFerrero, Marie-Adeline. "Colonisation et biodétérioration des bétons en milieu marin : mise au point d'essais en laboratoire et influence de la composition chimique du matériau cimentaire." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC248/document.
Full textIn the current context of increased world population, it is necessary to built more infrastructures to meet the increasing industrial pressure. These constructions are erected on the sea as harbors, artificial islands or tourist accommodation. Concrete is mainly used because of its low-cost and durability in the marine environment. Like any material immersed in seawater, concrete is colonized by living organisms, becoming an habitat for their development. However, seawater is a very aggressive environment towards cementitious materials; physical, chemical and biological degradations are observed with time. Nowadays, physical and chemical degradations are well understood and reported in the literature but there is a lack of knowledge concerning biological effects. The aim of this thesis is first develop an experimental device in laboratory, allowing the colonization of cementitious material by microorganisms. Relevant tools to characterize the biofilm on the material were chosen to better understand colonisation’s kinetic. Chemical analysis of material and seawater were made to evaluate the actions of the biofilm on cementitious material. Different materials were produced to study the impact of the formulation on the colonization
Teixeira, Clodine Janny. "Vítimas ocultas das mortes escancaradas: as repercussões da morte violenta de um jovem na vida dos sobreviventes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47131/tde-07022017-155026/.
Full textYouth mortality occurs, mostly due to violent external causes, not natural. Among the external causes, homicides by firearms are responsible for about half of the deaths. The Violence Maps show that in every three fatal victims by firearms, two were aged between 15 and 29, 93.9% were male and two-thirds were black. Most homicides happen in the outlying ghettos of large cities. Although the violence rates are lower in São Paulo since 1999, the same pattern of age, geographical, racial and gender distribution has remained and the proportion of deaths due to police intervention rose from 5% in 2000 to 21% in 2014. These are called gaping deaths, violent deaths that occur in the streets with no chance of protection or precaution. These deaths are disclosed by the media as a product to attract audience. The objective of this study is to investigate, through a case study, the physical, emotional, economic, social, existential and religious repercussions of the death of a young black resident of one of the outlying ghettos of São Paulo in the life of the survivors. The survivors, or hidden victims are the ones not revealed by the statistics, but have their daily routine modified by the extreme violence. Were interviewed: primary victims survivors and witnesses of the crime; secondary victims people who had any familiar, emotional or professional bond with the deceased; and one tertiary victim who had contact with the news of the death through the media. As a procedure, were performed: participant observation, documentary research and open interviews. The qualitative approach was adopted for collecting, understanding and analysis of the material obtained. Physical effects found were: after shot effect, weight loss, sleep disturbances, excessive crying. From the emotional point of view, there was: complicated grief, feelings of sadness, anxiety, fear, insecurity, anger and impotence, as well as symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In the social scope, there were changes in the circulation and living pattern in the neighborhood because of sadness and fear. From an economic point of view, the observed effects were: reduction of income due to the loss of the provider and the inability to work due to the constant need to escape for being a witness of the crime or fear of leaving the house at night. In the existential and religious scope, there is the question of the meaning of life and death, faith brings comfort when facing loss and suffering, but it is sometimes questioned when facing a tragedy. Prejudice and discrimination were reported by residents of the outlying ghettos, expressed in the way they relate to the public security system. The media is seen as responsible for increasing the sense of fear in the population, generating reactions of isolation, protection and support for repressive measures. The main actions identified to reduce mortality of young people are the implementation of public policies focused on the neighborhoods of the outlying ghettos with the appreciation of life of its residents and changes in the public security system, including community policing and restorative justice
Gavrilko, Oleg. "Estudo post mortem através da técnica do pink teeth em vítimas de mortes violentas em Curitiba e Região Metropolitana." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2013. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/488.
Full textPink teeth are a phenomenon that can occur in life or post-mortem. It is resulted by pigmentation tooth by hemoglobin, which diffuses through the dentinal tubules. Several researches have analyzed this phenomenon, in order to elucidate its mechanism and try to relate to the cause of death and the time elapses from death, to assist and make faster the word of criminal investigation in discovering the real situation of death. In this work the author tried to correlate the appearance of the pink teeth with time and cause of death, measuring the color. Were conducted a field study at the Institute of Forensic Medicine of Curitiba, where were analyzed 15 specimens with different causes of death. For the staining was used to measure the color gamut of RGB Hex Triplet Color Char and held visual comparison of the teeth. It was verified that the teeth of the battery lip, i.e. from canine to canine were the most affected teeth and the neck of the teeth – or the tooth neck region of the cementum-enamel junction, or neck of the tooth, it shows one more exuberant color. Is proposed the development of a electronic colorimeter as future work, with the subject to automate the capture the color in the pink teeth.
Nguyen, Huy Gia. "Approche micromécanique pour la modélisation du comportement élastoplastique des composites : applications aux mortiers de résine." Cergy-Pontoise, 2008. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/08CERG0388.pdf.
Full textThis work presents an homogenization model to simulate the elastoplastic behavior of resin mortars. The influence of the geometry and the spatial orientations of aggregates was introduced as well as the presence of porosity. In the elastic phase, comparisons between simulations and experimental results (ultrasonic wave propagation method) show that the model provides satisfactory predictions of the behaviors of epoxy resin-based mortars. In plastic phase, the equivalent behavior has been implemented using the tangent modulus approach and an isotropic approximation of the matrix tensor rigidities was build in order to compute the Eshelby tensor. Isotropic and kinematics hardening laws have been implemented. In order to validate the model, tests were performed on organic matrix composites and short reinforcements. Comparisons were also made with results from the literature on metal matrix composites. The proposed modeling adequately predicts the overall experimental results
Souza, Leonardo Barros de. "Do homo-sacer ao morto-vivo : o zumbi como figura do tratamento da morte na tanatopolítica." Universidade de Fortaleza, 2018. http://dspace.unifor.br/handle/tede/107179.
Full textThe following research is dedicated to a reflection about the treatment given to death on the present. In order to do so, we realized a theoretical-exploratory research, making use of zombie cinema as well, waging on the potential of this monster as a figura that has something to show about the treatmente given to death. First we discuss the medicalization of life, and death, making use of concepts such as medical order, biopolitics and Agamben¿s proposition of tanatopolitics. We undertook an historical passage trough different moments of the culture, as means to question the position of the men before death and the treatment given to death and the dead in different historic moments. Zombie cinema is visited as we try to outline the evolution of the figure of the zombie, from it¿s emergence in haitian folklore to it¿s arrival to hollywoodian cinema. We take this as a first step to question the validity of the zombie as a figure to think about the fears and anguish of men, incluindo the fear of death. Finally, using the notion of homo sacer, we take the undead category (mainly with the zombie) in articulation to real figures like the muselmann from Auschwitz and the coma patient. We conclude that the denial of death present today, sustained by tanatopolitics efforts on a medicalized society, instead of succeeding on it¿s plan to cover the impossible of death, ends putting it in evidence. Taking the man on it¿s naked life facet implies an exposition to death, creating a social scenario where the killable feature of the man lies exposed. In the same way, we witness the emergence of real undead figures, wich interrogates medical knowledge about the impossible, bringing up not a fear of dying, but a fear of not being able to die. Keywords: Zombie Cinema; Death; Tanatopolitics; Psychoanalysis.
A presente pesquisa se dedica a refletir sobre o tratamento da morte na atualidade. Para tanto, realizamos uma pesquisa teórico-exploratória, em que nos valemos também do cinema zumbi, apostando no potencial deste monstro como figura que tem algo a mo(n)strar sobre o estatuto da morte. Inicialmente, discutimos a questão da medicalização da vida e da morte, tomando conceitos como os de ordem médica, biopolítica e a proposição agambeniana de uma tanatopolítica. Fazemos uma passagem histórica por diferentes momentos da cultura, como modo de interrogar a posição do homem frente à morte e o tratamento dado à morte e aos mortos em diferentes momentos históricos. O cinema zumbi é visitado na tentativa de esboçar uma evolução da figura do zumbi, desde seu surgimento no folclore haitiano até sua chegada ao cinema hollywoodiano. Questionamos, a partir disso, a validade do zumbi como figura para se pensar nos medos e angústias do homem, incluindo o medo da morte. Por fim, usando a noção de homo sacer, tomamos a categoria de morto-vivo (sobretudo a partir do zumbi) em articulação com figuras reais, como o muselmann de Auschwitz e o doente comatoso. Concluímos que a negação da morte presente na atualidade, sustentada pelos esforços da tanatopolítica em uma sociedade medicalizada, ao invés de ter sucesso em sua tentativa de recobrir o impossível da morte, termina por colocá-la em evidência. A consideração do homem em sua faceta de vida nua implica uma exposição à morte, produzindo um cenário social onde o caráter matável do homem estaria exposto. Do mesmo modo, vemos o surgimento de figuras mortas-vivas reais, pondo em xeque cada vez mais o saber médico acerca do impossível, e trazendo à tona não mais um medo de morrer, e sim um medo de não morrer. Palavras-chave: Cinema Zumbi; Morte; Tanatopolítica; Psicanálise.
Niero, Lidiane Almeida. "Minha alma por herdeira: morte e perspectiva de salvação de testadores da comarca do Rio das Mortes (XVIII)." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2018. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/6752.
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Na comarca do Rio das Mortes, no século XVIII, a morte era assunto de grande relevância para os católicos e, da boa morte, em grande parte, dependia a salvação da alma. Esta pesquisa mostrará como a Igreja construía e controlava a visão dos fiéis a respeito do processo de saída do mundo terreno e a entrada para o outro mundo, e as representações que davam suporte aos modos de imaginação das realidades sobrenaturais. Tem como objetivo compreender um complexo sistema que definia a estrutura das atitudes diante da morte, elaborado para dar resposta e sentido aos últimos momentos. Espera-se, sobretudo, oferecer indícios das condições cotidianas da vivência espiritual dos testadores. Pretende-se, assim, colaborar para melhor compreensão da religiosidade nas Minas do século XVIII, sobretudo das atitudes, práticas sociais e culturais que fundamentaram as identidades do homem que viveu na comarca, nesse período, e sua relação com o fenômeno da morte e seu valor explicativo. Através de legados espirituais buscar-se-á conhecer um pouco os espaços de vivências sociais e culturais da região. Essa área de investigação revelará relações extremamente intricadas, ligadas a uma religião cristã marcada por um espaço de representação simbólica do Além que dava sentido à existência dos habitantes da Comarca nesse período.
In the region of the Rio das Mortes, in the eighteenth century, death was a matter of great relevance to Catholics, and from good death the salvation of the soul depended largely. This research will show how the Church constructed and controlled the view of the faithful regarding the process of leaving the earthly world and the entrance to the other world, and the representations that supported imagination modes of supernatural realities. Its objective is to understand a complex system that defined the structure of attitudes towards death, designed to give an answer and meaning to the last moments. Above all, it is hoped to offer indications on testers’ daily living conditions. The aim is to contribute to a better understanding of religiosity in the Minas of the eighteenth century, especially the attitudes, social and cultural practices that underpinned man identities who lived in the region, and his relation to the phenomenon of death and its explanatory value. Through spiritual legacies we will seek to know a little the spaces of social and cultural experiences of the region. This area of investigation will reveal extremely intricate relationships linked to a Christian religion marked by a space of Beyond symbolic representation that has given meaning to the existence of the county inhabitants in this period.
Valdés, Tamayo Laura. "Comportement mécanique des mortiers et systèmes d'Isolation Thermique par l’Extérieur : Apport de la microtomographie aux RX." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DENS0011.
Full textNowadays ETICS (External Thermal Insulation Composite System) are largely used to improve the energy efficiency of both new and existing buildings. They are complex structures composed of several layers characterized by different physical properties. Typical ETICS components are adhesive, thermal insulation material, reinforced basecoat (reinforcing glass fiber mesh embedded in it), finishing coat and/or decorative coat, and accessories, etc. During its lifecycle the system is meant to experience several environmental solicitations, including chemical, thermal and mechanical stresses. Each layer of an ETICS has a different response to these stresses, which may lead to development of disorders such as cracking or debonding in the finishing layer. These disorders have a direct impact on the durability of ETICS implementation. The main goal of this thesis is to investigate the mechanical behavior of ETICS. We focus in particular on the behavior of the basecoat, which is a key component for durability.Finishing coats of ETICS are specifically mix-designed to fulfill several requirements for the whole system. Generally, it is composed of a mineral mortar with additives, as polymers and fibers, to improve flexibility and grip on the final support. We considered various formulation parameters; however, the main focus of this study is on the impact of redispersible polymer powders (RPP) on the mechanical behavior of these ETICS mortars. Addition of RPP significantly increases the deformability and adhesion properties of the material. RPP also impacts the porosity of the material. Tomography is especially suitable for quantifying this impact. In order to characterize the impact of PPR on the mechanical properties, we used a splitting test. The mechanical tests are coupled with optical imaging and 3D computed microtomography (CT). This allowed characterizing the 2D deformation as well as the superficial and volume damage mechanisms. The Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique has been exploited to perform quantitative studies.To the best of our knowledge studies of the mechanical behavior of ETICS as a system has never been reported in the literature. In the present investigation 3-point flexural tests have been developed to deal with the mechanical behavior, including damage, of ETICS samples. The tested samples comprise both the isolating system and the different mortar layers. We in particular demonstrated the significant impact of the properties of the finishing layer on the mechanical response of the system. The behavior in volume (3D) was also considered through in situ flexural tests performed within a Tomograph. CT images were used to determine the 3D deformation field using the volumetric image correlation technique. In particular, we highlighted the role of the reinforcement mesh in the propagation of cracks inside the system. Finally, we present the first attempts to implement a simple test based on a multilayer ring that generates thermo-mechanical stresses, which may be used to qualify the durability of ETICS
Khadraoui, Fouzia. "Incidence du renforcement à l'aide de plaques en matériau composite sur le comportement différé du mortier." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ISAM0018/document.
Full textThe works of civil engineering have one limited life span, and several of them require a repair today, even a partial rebuilding. Thus the field of the concrete repairs and strengthening knowssince ten years, a considerable growth in the sector of the building and public works. Several studies showed that the shrinkage and creep can lead to severe problems involved indurability. Indeed, these phenomena can be at the origin of cracking, and even more rarely of the ruin of the work. This thesis aims to study the shrinkage and creep behaviour of strengthened elements. This work is divided into two principal parts. In the first part, we carry out an experimental study on strengthened elements. We are interested, in the second part, to the modelling of drying in orderto envisage the hydrous transfers within material, and the shrinkage of this one. In the experimental study, we are interested to the strengthening effect on the differed behaviour of mortar specimens. The theoretical and numerical approach allows to analyze the hydrous transfers and the diffusion of humidity within material, and thus to calculate the differed deformations. The experimental tests show that the strengthening with composite materials reduced considerably the creep strain, but does not make improvement as for the shrinkage ofdrying
Bourguiba, Amal. "Comportements rhéologique, Ouvrabilité et Durabilité des Mortiers à Base de Résine Epoxyde." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CERG0815/document.
Full textThis study concerns the behavior of mortars constituted by epoxy-based resinous matrix and sand designated in what follows by resin mortar, RM.Previous studies have shown that the workability of RM made with a polymer rate by weight mp≤12% in order to reduce their cost which is considered high compared to that of hydraulic mortars HM, is poor and is a major obstacle to the development of these materials in the area of prefabrication and repair. However decreasing the polymer content to reduce the cost makes the mortar implementation even more difficult. Furthermore the use of recycled sand "RS" to substitute natural sand "NS" to answer environmental requirements regarding natural resource depletion exacerbates this difficulty.The objective of this work is, therefore, to find a thinner to incorporate into RM formulations, intended either to prefabrication (2 formulations with mass rate of epoxy based binder mp= 9% and 12%) or repair (mp = 20%). The ultimate goal is to improve their workability while maintaining their mechanical properties and their sustainability to chloride ion diffusion. A systematic comparison with hydraulic mortars, HM, is performed.Various thinners were selected. Their influence on the gel point, on the time of crosslinking and mechanical and physical properties of the epoxy resin has been the subject of detailed study. It shows that methyl octanoate reduces the viscosity of the epoxy resin without affecting significantly the gel point and curing kinetics.However, it acts as a plasticizer which represents the origin of the increased ductility and reduced resistance and rigidity of the epoxy resin in the cured state.The optimal rate of the thinner (md) to be incorporated in the formulation of resin mortar was estimated at 5%.The incorporation of thinner, with md=5% in the RM improved their workability, changed their microstructure and their transfer properties but generated lower mechanical strength. Indeed a decrease of 31% was observed for RM-NS formulated with mp=20%. The substitution of NS by the RS in repair mortars (RM with mp=20%), leads also, to decreased mechanical properties and modified rheological ones.However, these strengths remain significantly higher than those of hydraulic natural sand (HM-NS)and recycled (HM-RS) mortars. In compression, the RM-RS mortar manufactured with mp=20% has a higher resistance by 44% compared to the HM-NS and 53% compared to that of HM-RS.The resistance of mortars to chloride ions diffusion was apprehended by non Steady state migration test and apparent diffusion coefficient "Dnssm" was calculated for 10 mortar formulations: 1 HM-RS, 1 HM-NS, 2 RM-RS and 6 RM-NS. It follows that the resin concrete has a resistance to chloride ions diffusion considerably higher than that of hydraulic mortars. The "Dnssm" coefficients of HM-NS and HM-RS mortars are respectively 100 and 200 times higher than that of RM-NS (mp= 20%).The RM-NS mortar intended for repair (with mp=20% and md=5%) is characterized by very good workability and the highest mechanical strength and resistance to chloride ions diffusion. We show that adhesion to a support consisting of a HM-NS depends on the surface condition of the support (smooth dry , smooth saturated, rough dry and rough saturated). The repair mortar does not adhere to the surface saturated on water while a good adhesion was observed for dry surfaces. This adhesion is better when the surface is smooth
Ribeiro, Raphael Rego Borges. "Reprodução assistida post mortem: a atribuição de direitos sucessórios aos filhos gerados após a morte de um dos genitores." Faculdade de Direito, 2016. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/20042.
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A presente dissertação estuda um dos aspectos controversos das consequências trazidas pelas inovações biotecnológicas ao ordenamento jurídico, qual seja, o impacto da reprodução assistida post mortem no Direito das Sucessões. Discute-se se os filhos concebidos artificialmente após a morte de um dos genitores biológicos teria, em relação a este, direitos sucessórios. A hipótese levantada pela presente investigação é a de que a prole gerada nessas circunstâncias terá direito ao reconhecimento da filiação e à herança em relação ao doador do material genético criopreservado, desde que haja uma eficaz autorização específica do falecido para o uso póstumo dos seus gametas. Inicialmente, estuda-se a importância das tecnologias reprodutivas para o Direito, especialmente no que se refere à concretização do planejamento familiar. Na sequência, a pesquisa se volta à procriação artificial realizada com material genético criopreservado de doador já falecido, discutindo-se profundamente acerca da sua aceitação pelas normas brasileiras. Em seguida, o presente estudo dedica-se ao recorte epistemológico adotado, as consequências sucessórias da procriação assistida post mortem, com a exposição de premissas normativas da sucessão causa mortis. Por fim, são expostas as diversas correntes doutrinárias acerca da controvérsia, enfrentando-se diretamente a hipótese traçada, concluindo-se por sua confirmação.
Sabbadini, Aline. "Mortes na vida e vidas na morte : análise de vivências de perdas e lutos em idosos residentes em asilo /." Assis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/190980.
Full textBanca: Diana Pancini de Sá Antunes Ribeiro
Banca: Maria Júlia Kovács
Resumo: Devido ao fenômeno do envelhecimento populacional e a incerteza da existência de cuidadores para essa população nota-se um aumento na procura de Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPIs), popularmente conhecidas como asilos. Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as experiências de perdas e lutos vividas pelos idosos asilados, partindo do pressuposto que a elaboração do luto não é apenas necessária quando há a morte concreta de um sujeito. A própria entrada no asilo acarreta uma série de perdas que precisam de elaboração, como o rompimento de vínculos com familiares e pessoas próximas, afastamento do mundo externo, perda da casa e de objetos, perda da autonomia, entre outras coisas. Entendemos que a fala é uma importante via para a elaboração desses lutos, tanto de mortes concretas como de mortes simbólicas. Para isso, recolhemos narrativas de oito residentes com idades entre 62 a 93 anos, de uma forma em que eles pudessem contar e recontar suas histórias quantas vezes fosse necessário, de modo a colocá-los como protagonistas da própria vida. Realizamos uma inserção semanal na instituição asilar ao longo de oito meses como forma de estabelecer a manutenção dos vínculos com os idosos e a possibilidade de estar junto deles e oferecer uma escuta adequada. Utilizamos a psicanálise como referencial metodológico a fim de averiguar os processos de luto enfrentados por essa população no contexto asilar. Ao oferecer uma escuta sensível pudemos descobrir enredos que tinha... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Due to the populational aging phenomenon and the uncertainty of the existence of care takers for this population, we observe an increase in the search for Long-term care institutions for the elderly, largely known as nursing homes. This research take as na objective to analyze the grief and loss experiences undertaken by the institucionalized elderly, starting from the premise that grief elaboration is not only necessary in the concrete death of a subject. Even the entrance in a nursing home causes a series of losses that need to be elaborated, like the sundering of familiar and close persons links, the removal from the outside world, home and personal objects losses, autonomy loss, among others. We understand that the speech is a important way to elaborate those griefs, from concrete deaths as well as simbolic deaths. For this end, we gathered eight residents narratives, with ages between 62 and 93 years, in a way that they could tell and retell their histories as many times as was necessary, placing then as their own live's protagonists. Through 8 months, we made a weekly visit to the nursing home to estabilish and maintain links with the elderly and the possibility to be together and offer a proper listening. For this purpose, psychoanalysis will be used as a method in order to ascertain the processes of grief faced by this population in the nursing home context. In offering a sensible listening we could discover story that had the grief in his various expressions as the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Pham, Son Tung. "Etude des effets de la carbonatation sur les propriétés microstructurales et macroscopiques des mortiers de ciment Portland." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAR0003.
Full textCarbonation is one of the most important factors that initiate the corrosion of steel bars in reinforced concrete. Its kinetics are often used to model the durability of structures. Under the action of carbon dioxide from the air and with the presence of water in the pores, several hydrated phases of the cement paste are carbonated and form calcium carbonate. This process causes a decrease in pH of the pore water, which subsequently induces the depassivation and corrosion of the rebars. Although the carbonation of cementitious materials has been extensively studied in recent years, results in literature about changes in both micro and macroscopic levels are extremely contradictory. The aim of this work is to study the micro and macroscopic effects of carbonation on two standard cement mortars CEM I and CEM II. A wide experimental campaign was conducted on two standard mortars CEM I and CEM II in order to apprehend the physicochemical mechanisms of the carbonation. The following techniques were used to examine the impacts of carbonation on the microstructural characteristics of the cementitious matrix : thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, helium pycnometry, nitrogen and water vapor adsorption-desorption. As changes observed in the microstructure could consequently induce significant modifications in the macroscopic properties and the sustainability indicators, we examined the effects of carbonation on the gas permeability, the ultrasonic waves velocity, the thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity. Our work also studied the self-healing effect caused by carbonation of thermally damaged mortars. Finally, our experimental results were used as a database to elaborate a model of the propagation of CO2 in the cementitious matrix
Figueiredo, Cristiano. "Properties and performance of lime mortars for conservation : the role of binder chemistry and curing regime." Thesis, University of Bath, 2018. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760987.
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