Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mortier'
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Nicot, Pierre. "Interactions mortier-support : éléments déterminants des performances et de l'adhérence d'un mortier." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/479/.
Full textDuring the last forty years, mortars have become more and more complex. Nowadays, mortars are composed of hydraulic binders, many additives and polymers. The durability of a mortar applied as a thin layer (mm to cm) is closely related to the properties of the substrate. The aim of this study is to characterize the durability of the mortars in interaction with the substrates to which they are applied. As regards the mortar layer durability, the two indicators chosen are the adhesion to the substrate and the stress state in the mortar layer. These two indicators depend on many parameters, among which, the most important ones are the nature of the substrate and the mortar composition parameters. The work objectives consist in realizing a phenomenological study of the influence of these two parameters on both durability parameters described above and on other phenomena such as early age shrinkage
Yacoub, Aiman. "Effet du traitement du sable recyclé sur les propriétés du mortier." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1036.
Full textThe sustainability of primary resources is subjected to continuous threat via the construction industry. In fact, the amount of construction and demolition waste (CDW) produced and dumped into landfills is increasing each year. This situation forced the concrete industry to generate effective solutions such as implementing CDW as recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) to produce new types of concrete. Furthermore, a recent life cycle assessment study proved that the concrete made of RCA presents the best environmental behavior. CDW is currently used in the road and sidewalks construction and maintenance, however it needs more time and further investigations before using it completely as RCA in new concrete for building construction field because of their poor porosity properties. The recycling of the totality of the RCA in order to be used as new materials to produce new recycled concrete opens nowadays new environmental, economic and technological perspectives. Many scientific obstacles need to be studied in order to solve these perspectives. The re-use of the CDW as RCA will allow the limitation of the extraction of the raw materials and preserving the natural aggregates fields. In this thesis, we will be studying the fraction 1-4 mm of the RCA called recycled sand (RS). The water absorption of the RS influences the fresh and the hardened properties of mortar. Therefore, it is hard to maintain a constant W/C ratio since there is two phenomena during the fabrication of mortar: the absorption kinetic of the RS and the hydration reaction of the cement. In addition, the use of the RS leads to a decrease in the compressive strength and the durability properties of mortar. This decrease is controlled by three parameters: the porosity of the RS, the properties of the new cement paste and the properties of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ).The thesis proposed by the laboratory FM2D / MaST (IFSTTAR) is entitled ‘Effect of the treatment of the recycled sand on the properties of mortar’. This research subject is a comparison study between the behavior of treated recycled sand mortar and non-treated recycled sand mortar. In order to solve the problem of the use of recycled sand new mortar, we suggest two approaches:-Determining an optimal saturation state of the recycled sand in order to obtain a constant effectif W/C ratio.-Enhancing the microstructure of the RS using chemical products before using it in formulating new mortar. The treatment process proposed in this research consists of testing different chemical products with different concentrations using different application methods and different application times. The aim behind the chemical treatments proposed is, firstly, to decrease the value of the water absorption coefficient of the RS. The fresh and the hardened properties (compressive strength, durability properties, shrinkage) of mortar made with the treated RS (100% volume substitution) will be studied and compared to the properties of mortar made of non-treated RS and finally with the normalized mortar.The results obtained during this research indicate a success of the chemical treatment. The WAC of the RS decreased and the fresh and hardened properties of the mortar as well as it durability properties were enhanced compared to the mortar made of non-treated RS
Pascal, Serge. "Comportement mécanique de composites mortier-polymère." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ECAP0851.
Full textPhan, Van-Tien. "Relationship between the adhesive properties and the rheological behavior of fresh mortars." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00802664.
Full textTran, Thu Hien. "Influence des caractéristiques intrinsèques d’un mortier sur son encrassement biologique." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EMSE0626/document.
Full textBiofouling of wall coatings is an aesthetic and economic problem. Among microorganisms involved, the algae are the most involved. This work aimed to study experimentally the influence of intrinsic parameters (porosity, roughness and carbonation) of a cement-based mortar on its bioreceptivity and to model the development of algae.To study the algal biodegradation, an accelerated laboratory test was developed. This work was carried out with the green alga Klebsormidium flaccidum frequently identified in samples taken on colonized facades. The results show that an increase in roughness and a decrease in surface pH by carbonation of mortars promote fouling by algae.A model based on Avrami's law was used to simulate the algal colonization. Two processes involved in the mechanism of colonization: the attachment (or "germination") and the growth of algae. The kinetic parameters representing these processes have been determined and reveal the importance of the roughness and the carbonation on the constant rate of "germination".Exposure of samples in nature was also carried out. The results obtained allow recovering partially the behavior of materials in the laboratory test even if the start of colonization seems to be affected by weather conditions
Pautard, Matthias. "Simulation de la balistique intérieure de mortier." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ORLE1023.
Full textThe propulsion of mortar ammunition has not given rise to the establishment of specific simulation models due to the still reasonable costs of the experimental methods. The optimization of the propellant charges, however, requires the conduct of theoretical studies to better identify the phenomena involved in the propulsion phase of projectiles in the weapon. The accessibility of simulation assets has increased in recent years, allowing fields such as interior ballistics to benefit from them. To deepen the theoretical knowledge of the internal ballistics of mortars while relying on advanced digital means is thus the objective of the work.THALES seeks to improve its understanding of the physico-chemical phenomena that take place during the propulsion phase of mortar shells. It is therefore desirable to set up theoretical, experimental and numerical studies. A common interest would then be established with the ICARE laboratory, these activities involving two-phase simulations as well as combustion phenomena of solid energetic materials, subjects currently under study
Nguyen, Huy Gia Ghorbel Elhem. "Approche micromécanique pour la modélisation du comportement élastoplastique des composites applications aux mortiers de résine /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/08CERG0388.pdf.
Full textPouliot, Benoît. "Solveur GCR pour les méthodes de type mortier." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28121.
Full textThe mortar methods, introduced in 1987 by Bernadi, Maday and Patera, are part of the large family of domain decomposition methods. Combined to the finite element method, they consist in constructing a nonconforming discretization of the functional space of the problem under consideration. The last thirty years of research about these methods has provided a solid knowledge from a theoretical and practical point of view. Today, they are naturally used to solve problems of great complexity such as contact problems between deformable solids, fluid-structure interaction problems or moving mechanisms problems like gears and alternators. The aim of this thesis is to explain in details the principles of mortar methods and to develop adapted algorithms to solve the generated linear systems. We use the GCR algorithm (Generalized Conjugate Residual method) as our basic solver in our computations. We first apply a factorization of the global linear system using the natural sub-block structure of the matrix. This factorization generates a system using a Schur complement. It is on this sub-system that we use the GCR algorithm. The Schur complement is preconditioned by a rescaled mass matrix, but it is necessary to slightly modify the GCR algorithm to obtain theorical results. We show that the convergence of this modified solver is independent of the number of subdomains involved and of the diverse physical parameters. We also show that the solver slightly depends on the size of the interface mesh. We present a strategy to take care of the so called floating subdomains. The proposed solution does not require any modification to the solver. Numerical tests have been performed to show the efficiency of the modified GCR method in various cases. We consider problems with several discretization and physical parameter scales. We finally show that the solver presents an important speedup in parallel implementation.
Meziani, Hacène. "Comportements mécanique et hydraulique d'un mortier : étude expérimentale." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2002/50376-2002-133.pdf.
Full textAl, Sheikh Hassan Nasser. "Réponse de parois épaisses de mortier a des chocs hygrothermiques prolonges." Nantes, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NANT2057.
Full textKara-Ali, Ramdane. "Influence des additions minérales sur le besoin en eau et les résistances mécaniques des mélanges cimentaires." Cergy-Pontoise, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CERG0252.
Full textP'Kla, Abalo. "Caractérisation en compression simple des blocs de terre comprimée (BTC) : application aux maçonneries "BTC-Mortier de terre"." Lyon, INSA, 2002. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2002ISAL0037/these.pdf.
Full textCompressed earth blocks (CEB) masonry make it possible to build individual houses at a low environmental (and economic for poor countries) cost because of the use of local materials. Moreover, this step has a positive social and economic impact since it supports the direct human work of construction, contrary to the current type of construction based on the industrialization of the material production. Architecture used in CEB construction is adapted to a material which should support only compression stress. This thesis is a contribution to the formalization of CEB masonries buildings design which concerns, until now, only the code of practice. Only masonry behaviour under vertical compression load is analysed. As a preliminary, the CEB which constitute the principal component of masonry were studied. The various compression tests used for CEB were presented and criticized. Compression test on two half built blocks remains relevant. It was shown that three points bending test can also give compressive strength of CEB. The second component of masonry is earth mortar stabilized with cement. There exists very little information on these mortars with strong clay content (between 5 and 20 % and more). An overview of mortar tests able to be used for earth mortar is made and lead to some propositions for future studies. Finally, two types masonry samples were tested under vertical compression load ; 1m2 masonry and three blocks bpnded samples. The Euroeode 6 formula for masonry compressive strength assessment is used and the results compared with our. Experimental data
Perret, Stéphanie. "Rôle du degré de saturation des sables fins à moyens sur leur injectabilité par des coulis de ciment microfin." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2003.
Find full textP'Kla, Abalo Di Benedetto Hervé. "Caractérisation en compression simple des blocs de terre comprimée (BTC) application aux maçonneries "BTC-Mortier de terre /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2004. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/2002/pkla/index.html.
Full textOmikrine, Metalssi Othman. "Étude des couplages hydratation-échanges hydriques-carbonatation dans les mortiers modifiés polymères." La Rochelle, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LAROS200.
Full textThe exhibition of polymer modified mortars used as surface coating in an aggressive environment can affect their durability. The CO2 is one of these aggressive elements. Several studies took an interest in the carbonation of the reinforced concrete, where process leads to the corrosion of reinforcing steel. On the other hand, we find not enough studies concerning the case of polymer modified mortars. That's why, the objective of this thesis is to treat the special feature of the carbonation process in the case of this type of mortar by doing an experimental study based on phenolphthalein spraying, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), water and mercury intrusion porosimetry, mechanical tests and shrinkage evolution. The investigation of the carbonation is accomplished by the coupling of the phenolphthalein spraying with TGA. The effect of the cure on carbonation kinetics and consequences of this phenomenon on the physical and mechanical evolution could be comprehended (dimensional and weight stabilities, mechanical resistance, microstructure). Finally, a modelling of coupling hydration-water exchanges was suggested by the resolution of the equations of mass conservation. It allowed to predict the evolution of the degree of hydration and the porosity of the material. The validation of the model shows a good concordance with the experimental values of hydration
Moustachi, Om Elkhaïat. "Influence de la microstructure des mortiers de ciment portland armes de fibres sur leur comportement mecanique en flexion." Toulouse, INSA, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ISAT0002.
Full textYurtdas, Ismail Skoczylas Frédéric Burlion Nicolas. "Couplage comportement mécanique et dessiccation des matériaux à matrice cimentaire étude expérimentale sur mortiers /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/extheses/50376-2003-217-218.
Full textKhadraoui, Fouzia. "Incidence du renforcement à l'aide de plaques en matériau composite sur le comportement différé du mortier." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ISAM0018/document.
Full textThe works of civil engineering have one limited life span, and several of them require a repair today, even a partial rebuilding. Thus the field of the concrete repairs and strengthening knowssince ten years, a considerable growth in the sector of the building and public works. Several studies showed that the shrinkage and creep can lead to severe problems involved indurability. Indeed, these phenomena can be at the origin of cracking, and even more rarely of the ruin of the work. This thesis aims to study the shrinkage and creep behaviour of strengthened elements. This work is divided into two principal parts. In the first part, we carry out an experimental study on strengthened elements. We are interested, in the second part, to the modelling of drying in orderto envisage the hydrous transfers within material, and the shrinkage of this one. In the experimental study, we are interested to the strengthening effect on the differed behaviour of mortar specimens. The theoretical and numerical approach allows to analyze the hydrous transfers and the diffusion of humidity within material, and thus to calculate the differed deformations. The experimental tests show that the strengthening with composite materials reduced considerably the creep strain, but does not make improvement as for the shrinkage ofdrying
Bastian, Guy. "Determination dynamique des parametres des transferts couples de chaleur et d'humidite au sein d'un mortier en regime hygroscopique." Nantes, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NANT2024.
Full textMessan, Adamah. "Contribution à l'étude du comportement au très jeune âge des structures minces en mortier." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20159.
Full textTran, Thu Hien. "Influence des caractéristiques intrinsèques d'un mortier sur son encrassement biologique." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718250.
Full textChen, Da. "Modélisation du comportement hydromécanique d'un mortier sous compression et dessiccation." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-276.pdf.
Full textNguyen, Huy Gia. "Approche micromécanique pour la modélisation du comportement élastoplastique des composites : applications aux mortiers de résine." Cergy-Pontoise, 2008. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/08CERG0388.pdf.
Full textThis work presents an homogenization model to simulate the elastoplastic behavior of resin mortars. The influence of the geometry and the spatial orientations of aggregates was introduced as well as the presence of porosity. In the elastic phase, comparisons between simulations and experimental results (ultrasonic wave propagation method) show that the model provides satisfactory predictions of the behaviors of epoxy resin-based mortars. In plastic phase, the equivalent behavior has been implemented using the tangent modulus approach and an isotropic approximation of the matrix tensor rigidities was build in order to compute the Eshelby tensor. Isotropic and kinematics hardening laws have been implemented. In order to validate the model, tests were performed on organic matrix composites and short reinforcements. Comparisons were also made with results from the literature on metal matrix composites. The proposed modeling adequately predicts the overall experimental results
AOUAISSIA, ABDALLAH NADJETTE. "Mesure dynamique des parametres du transfert isotherme d'humidite dans un mortier." Nantes, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NANT2031.
Full textZayat, Kamel Afif. "Contribution à l’étude au choc du béton et mortier de fibres." Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0021.
Full textThis research concerns the experimental and theoretical examination of the behaviour law mortar reinforced by the amorphous cast iron fibre under mono-axially compression impulse and static charge under 4 points bending tests. In the first part, we realize the experimental study in static compression to establish the relation between stress and strain and the behaviour degradation's law of material. We develop a numerical method which can treat the experimental measurement and obtain the relation between the stress and the strain until the rupture. The last part concerns the theoretical approach of the phenomenon of waves reflections and waves propagation through the non-homogenous medium. The exploitation of the numerical model can valorous the treatment of the experimental results and understand the different physical mechanisms developed during the shock. In conclusion, we compare our results with experimental ones given from other research and we establish the rôle played by the fibres in case of shock solicitation
Lanier, Sandy. "Mise au point d’un mortier de piégeage à réseau poreux contrôlé." Thesis, Centrale Lille Institut, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLIL0027.
Full textThis PhD is part of the MACH3project funded by the French Investment Plan (PIA) -2nd phase. It contributes to the management of tritiated radioactive waste produced by the ITER fusion facility. The acceptance of this waste on a storage site requires a low rate of degassing of Tritium (radioactive isotope of H2). This research has developed cement mortars for conditioning tritiated nuclear waste,making it possible to limit the degassing of tritium by irreversible trapping of its gaseous forms. Composite mortars were formulated, based on conventional Portland cement, and integrating a hydrogen getter (Ag2O/MnO2), meeting the safety criteria of a radioactive waste storage facility and complying with the industrial specifications. After three months of maturation, their trapping performance, without preliminary drying, is between 75 and 95% (measured following a gamma irradiation test, generating H2in situ)
LAJNEF, MONA. "Etude des fumees de silice microstructure, microtexture et influence sur mortier." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066399.
Full textNguyen, Thi My Hanh. "Modélisation du comportement de maçonneries réfractaires comportant des joints sans mortier." Orléans, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ORLE2060.
Full textBenharbit, Morchadi Meriem. "Interface pierre-mortier. Mécanismes de transfert et d'altération. Procédé de passivation." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20260.
Full textWolf, Jean-Luc. "Valorisation des amidons et des amidons modifiés comme adjuvants des mortiers et des bétons." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0031.
Full textThe aim of this work is to develop the use of agroressourses as mortar or concrete admixture. Three ways of development of starch-based admixtures are investigated: thickening agent, retarder agent or water retention admixture. First, were characterized the properties of mortars containing modified starches issued from potato, wheat, corn and waxy. A set of comparative tests were carried out on mortars so as to measure the following properties: thickness, water-retention power, setting time and compressive strength. Moreover the same tests were performed on two mass marketed admixtures, a methylhydroxyethyl cellulose and welan gum. The results obtained confirm that starch seems to be a very performant product in the field of concrete and mortar admixtures. For each modified starch, a standard was written to summarize features, improvements and drawbacks. Then the physico-chemical action of starch on cement hydration was studied. The following tests were performed on cement paste and cement suspensions: scanning electron microscopy, differential thermal analysis, Fourier-transform infrared analysis, X-ray diffraction, conductimetry, ionic chromatography. We pointed out that the thickening and retarding effects of starch are strongly related to the chemical composition of Portland cement. The present work explains how starch affects cement hydration and leads to an improvement of mortar properties. This study draws the scientific bases necessary to ensure the use of modified starch in civil engineering applications
Bich, Christelle. "Contribution à l'étude de l'activation thermique du kaolin : évolution de la structure cristallographique et activité pouzzolanique." Lyon, INSA, 2005. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2005ISAL0009/these.pdf.
Full textThe utilisation of calcined clay (metakaolin) as a pozzolanic material for mortar and concrete has received considerable attention in recent years. This work deals with the influence of the calcination conditions of kaolinite and the characterisation of dehydroxylation. The mechanism of thermal dehydroxylation has been investigated by means of kinectics description and characterisation of structural modifications occurring during the transformation into metakaolinite (thermical analysis, infra-red spectrometry, MAS-NMR, X-Ray diffraction). Clearly, the kinetic of kaolinite dehydroxylation is depends upon the degree of disorder of kaolinite crystals. The dehydroxylation of disordered kaolinite is easier than the dehydroxylation of well ordered kaolinite. Metakaolinite is the subsequent of the structural breakdown of kaolinite. 29Si and 27Al RMN-MAS show that metakaolin contains Al in octahedral, pentahedral, tetrahedral coordination and differents sites of Si. Metakaolin contains small amounts of the original structure of kaolinite. Metakaolin partially dehydroxylated is highly pozzolanic. Flash calciner produces very reactive métakaolin. Pozzolanic activity (at 7 days) depends on the mineralogical structure of Al, Si and surface state. Blended cements containing 25% metakaolin, exhibit interesting mechanical properties at 28 and 90 days. The compressive strength of blended cement depends on physical parameters like particule size distribution
Loche, Jean-Michel. "Etude du transfert d'ions chlorures à travers des mortiers de ciment par diffusion-migration : suivi par spectroscopie d'impédance électrochimique." La Rochelle, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LAROS078.
Full textLanglois, Vincent. "Etude du comportement mécanique de matériaux cimentaires à renforts synthétiques longs ou continus." Cergy-Pontoise, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CERG0206.
Full textThis work aims to substitute other types of reinforcements for the steel reinforcements, allowing to simplify the realization of foundation works. After a bibliographic study and a preliminary study, two kinds of reinforcement have been chosen: grids of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (epoxy, PVC, latex, acrylic, silica doped acrylic) and continuous glass or carbon yarns. Flexural bond tests, performed on 7x7x28 cm specimens, allowed the study of the mechanical behaviour of the reinforcement/mortar interface. Flexural tests then allowed the study of the mechanical behaviour of the cementitious composite. The interpretation of bond tests has allowed to elaborate models describing the behaviour of the yarns embedded in the cementitious matrix. These models allow to take into account the internal structure of the yarns (multifilament or strand structure) and to describe its influence on the anchorage of the filaments (anchorage by adherence and anchorage thanks to the presence of loop). Flexural tests have allowed to estimate the efficiency of the different reinforcements and have shown that this one is linked to their internal structure. At last, a study of grids as reinforcement of 3 m concrete beams has shown that carbon/epoxy grid could be considered as reinforcement
Amiri, Ouali. "Modélisation de l'électrodiffusion des ions chlorures dans les mortiers de ciment : intégration des phénomènes d'adsorption électrocapillaire." La Rochelle, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LAROS024.
Full textBich, Christelle Pera Jean. "Contribution à l'étude de l'activation thermique du kaolin évolution de la structure cristallographique et activité pouzzolanique /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2005. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=bich.
Full textTran, Lan Tâm. "Influence d'adjuvants sur l'adhésion du mortier sur le polystyrène pour des applications pour isolations thermiques extérieures." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOS059.
Full textRougelot, Thomas. "Étude expérimentale multi-échelles des couplages hydriques, mécaniques et chimiques dans les matériaux cimentaires." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10115/document.
Full textTo determine the hydro-mechanical and chemical behaviour in cementitious materials is a key point to predict the durability of a structure submitted to complex stresses, such as the radioactive waste underground disposaI. This work is performed on mortars and cement pastes, with two distinct water-to-cement ratios. Coupling between hydric stresses by drying, hydro-chemical effect of calcium leaching, and the mechanical behaviour of the material, with a focus put on damage and strains evolution, are studied. Moreover, the experimental approach tries to characterize the physical phenomenons with a multi-scale view. From microscopic aspects, the characterization of the porous network is obtained by means of desorption isotherms and mercury intrusion. The influence of the W/C ratio is highlighted. Then, in a 4D approach of coupling effects between calcium leaching and cracking is conducted with X-ray microtomography (resolution: 5 µm). The restrained shrinkage due to differential strains in aggregates and cementitious matrix is shown as the cause of microcracking. ln addition, a pre-cracking increases the chemical degradation of the material. From macroscopic aspects, the shrinkage due to a smooth drying is experimentally determined, and a poromechanical model is then proposed. The diffuse microcracking effects appear to have more importance on the desorption than several localized macrocracks. Finally, the decrease in the saturation of the material modifies the splitting tensile strength. This could be due to a competitive effect between shrinkage, stresses and the influence of the aggregates in the cracking energy. Some preliminary tests are also conducted in direct tension
Poulin, Christine. "Mortier projeté à basse vitesse et béton projeté : quelles sont les différences?" Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37038.
Full textThere is a lack of technical information in the industry about the use of Low Velocity Sprayed Mortar (LVSM), specifically for structural repairs. Indeed, the low velocities of the particles would generate a limited consolidation energy of material and a potentially compromised adhesion with the receiving surface. Furthermore, reinforcing bars would seem difficult to encapsulate, an essential element for the success of durable works. In contrast, traditional shotcrete uses velocity to meet the requirements of consolidation, adhesion and reinforcing bars encapsulation. Consequently, the objective of this research project is to determine the technical differences between LVSM and shotcrete, especially by the use of different equipment. The LVSM investigation has allowed to establish the differences in terms of placement technique, mechanical and durability properties, repair quality and particles velocities. The composition of good mortar mixture allows to reach very good mechanical properties and good material durability, regardless of the nozzle type and air flow used to accelerate the material at the nozzle. Furthermore, theses mortars gave excellent adhesions on the repaired concrete substrate. The distinctions are more about the placement method and particles velocity. Indeed, LVSM does not produce rebound and the particles velocities measured are very low and depend of the equipment (2,6 to 4,5 m/s against 33 m/s in wetmix shotcrete). The results demonstrate that an adapted placement technique is an essential element to achieve a successful application. Thus, following the selection of the most appropriate nozzle, a new placement technique is developed to adequately encapsulate reinforcing bars of small diameter with LVSM.
Tchetgnia, Ngassam Inès Leana. "Durabilité des réparations des ouvrages d'art en béton." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00981689.
Full textKaci, Abdelhak. "Comportement Rhéologique des mortiers industriels." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DENS0042.
Full textIndustrial mortars are roughly composed of a binder (cement and/or lime), sand, granular charges and different polymer and organic admixtures. They are provided to the construction sites as ready-mix powders to which a given dosage rate of kneading water is added to obtain a homogeneous paste. This mortar paste is then placed following processing involving in general highly complex flows (pumping, spaying, etc. ). A number of practical problems can be encountered during the placement process (in particular in machinery applications), including flow-blockage, lack of worm drive, creeping, etc. It is clear that all these issues are closely related to the rheological behaviour of the mortar paste. The primary objective of this thesis program is to relate the properties of pumping-spaying of render mortars to their rheological behaviour. These materials are actually characterised by a quite high yield stress and they are composed of different granular phases that may separate under flow. It is then necessary to develop specific procedures to characterise their flow. One of the origins of flow blockage in machinery applications may be attributed to solid-liquid separation under compressional flow. In this investigation we use the squeeze test to mimic and consider quantitatively this situation. The squeeze tests are performed either at controlled velocities or fixed applied normal forces. Flow diagrams separating flow zone parameters and blockage are then determined. It is shown with model suspensions that the flowability zone can be extended both by increasing the consistency of the fluid phase and by decreasing the permeability of the granular skeleton. This shows that the flow blockage issue is controlled by the competition between the suspension flow as a whole and the filtration of the fluid phase through the porous media made up by the solid particles. Numerical simulations based on a diphasic model taking into account filtration are then conducted. Our numerical simulations are in qualitative agreements with all the experimental observations. The flow curves of the render mortars as determined with a 4-blade vane geometry are quite complex, in particular at controlled shear-rates. In this case deep minima are observed indicating that we may have strong localisation. In addition, the materials display both thixotropy and rheopexy, depending upon the shear-rate interval considered. Other rheological properties are also investigated, including transient properties (thixotropy), yielding and creep. These properties are discussed in relation with the practical problems encountered in pumping applications. Finally a simple test procedure, based on slump determination of cylindrical samples subjected to different shear histories, is suggested to characterise pumpability of render mortars. More calibration investigation is needed in order to use this test in practise as a mixdesign aid or as a control-test for render mortars
Kouakou, Kouame. "Durabilité des mortiers de ciment avec méta kaolin places dans un milieu marin tropical." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0090.
Full textThe durability of mortars and cement concretes with regard to temperate sea environment can be improved by using, in suitable proportions, pouzzolanic products such as meta kaolin (MK) This research analyse the influence of meta kaolin from Ivory coast and fluidifyers fitting to hot weather, in improving of the ability of cement Portland mortars placed in artificial sea water at 20°C and 30°C. Mechanical and physico-chemical comparative tests are carried out on two types of cement mortars ( 2. 2. 6 cm) samples: CPA 55 HPR and 70 % CPA + 30 % MK with or without two kinds of fluidifyers (melamine and naphthalene). The samples are placed, after 28 days of cure under saturated atmosphere at. 20°C and 30°C,respectively in sea water at 20°C and 30°C during 180 and 90 days. The reference ones are immersed in the same conditions in demineralized water. Those tests show us the beneficial effect of meta kaoline at 20°C and in a lesser degree at 30°C till 90 days. The better performances are observed with a fluidifyer of type melamine· CPA-MK mortars strength are increased by 40% and their sizes variations reduced by 60%
Dano, Christophe. "Comportement mécanique des sols injectés." Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT2075.
Full textThis study aims at determining the improvement of the mechanical properties of soils injected with microfine cements grouts in comparison with those of the uncemented natural soils. We are more especially interested in the behavior of such grouted soils in the very small and small strain domain. An experimental device based on shear wave propagation, the "bender elements" transducers, was set up in a conventional triaxial cell
Claudot-Loosveldt, Hélène. "Étude expérimentale des comportements hydraulique et poromécanique d'un mortier sain ou dégradé chimiquement." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2002/50376-2002-175.pdf.
Full textKallel, Achraf. "Une modélisation du contact par l'approche mortier : application à la mise en forme." Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2173/document.
Full textThis thesis is situated in the FUI OASIS project which the objective is the modeling of an optimized stamping process. The work mainly involves the development of the most appropriate contact algorithms such formatting. In the literature and several industrial computing codes, the NTS approach (node to segment) remains the most used for the resolution of a contact problem. In certain configuration, this method has shortcomings and a lack of precision. We replacing it with mortar approach, we manage to solve a broad range of contact problems. The mortar method, used for the initial for calculation using domain decomposition, was the focus of several research projects for the modeling of the contact. In this work, we will consolidate multiple contact formulation methods in combination with mortar approach. The resolution algorithm, the elements of implementation and some examples of validation with a review of the advantages and limitations of each technique are detailed in this work in order to get technical support for subsequent work with the mortar method. The main advantage of the mortar method is in the application of the contact conditions in integral form in the interface. Although this method reduces the difference of the stresses in the contact interface of a component to another to obtain a better continuity of the contact pressure, it is still insufficient in some applications, particularly for large deformation problems. The smoothing of contact surfaces, which can be applied by various techniques, presents a classic solution to this problem in mechanical contact. The originality of this work is the combination of using cubic B-Spline curves for the almost exact description of the contact surface on one side with the use of the mortar approach to the application of the contact conditions on the other hand. This combination forms a winning combination for solving a contact problem in large deformation. The terms allowing the implementation of the different smoothing techniques for solving a problem of contact are detailed. Particular attention is paid to smoothing with Cu bic B-Spline. All algorithms detailed in this work are implemented in a house code 'Fiesta'. This is a free finite elements computer code in C ++. Some developments in the law of hyper-elastic behavior and completeness of the contact module are developed in this thesis
Larbi, Bouthaina. "Caractérisation du transport diffusif dans les matériaux cimentaires : influence de la microstructure dans les mortiers." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00966392.
Full textFerrero, Marie-Adeline. "Colonisation et biodétérioration des bétons en milieu marin : mise au point d'essais en laboratoire et influence de la composition chimique du matériau cimentaire." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC248/document.
Full textIn the current context of increased world population, it is necessary to built more infrastructures to meet the increasing industrial pressure. These constructions are erected on the sea as harbors, artificial islands or tourist accommodation. Concrete is mainly used because of its low-cost and durability in the marine environment. Like any material immersed in seawater, concrete is colonized by living organisms, becoming an habitat for their development. However, seawater is a very aggressive environment towards cementitious materials; physical, chemical and biological degradations are observed with time. Nowadays, physical and chemical degradations are well understood and reported in the literature but there is a lack of knowledge concerning biological effects. The aim of this thesis is first develop an experimental device in laboratory, allowing the colonization of cementitious material by microorganisms. Relevant tools to characterize the biofilm on the material were chosen to better understand colonisation’s kinetic. Chemical analysis of material and seawater were made to evaluate the actions of the biofilm on cementitious material. Different materials were produced to study the impact of the formulation on the colonization
Dierkens, Michaël Boutin Claude Arnaud Laurent. "Mesures rhéologiques et modélisation de matériaux en cours de prise." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2006. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=dierkens.
Full textChen, Xiao-Ting. "Effet du chauffage sur le comportement mécanique et poro-mécanique de matériaux cimentaires : propriétés hydrauliques et changements morphologiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00577102.
Full textMessan, Adamah. "Contribution à l'étude du comportemet au très jeune âge des structures minces en mortier." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00185824.
Full textTravailleur, Lucy. "Composites mortier-polymère en couche mince : impact du séchage et de la colonisation microbienne." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2040.
Full textPolymer-modified mortars are widely used as protection and/or repair materials. Indeed, the addition of polymer allows modifying the properties of materials especially by promoting their adhesion, while reducing their permeability. However, studies rarely take into account the actual conditions of application on worksite. Those studies are generally realised on massive materials whereas, in fact, polymer-modified mortars are applied into thin layers. In addition, on site, the requirements regarding materials curing are not always applied, and water transfers car occur. Finally, studies on material durability do not consider possible interactions between polymer-modified mortars and microorganisms, which lead to moderate yet aesthetically detrimental degradations. Accordingly, the aim of this thesis is to study the behaviour of polymer-modified mortars applied into thin layers when they are exposed to worksite conditions. To do so, studies were realised in order to understand better the properties of polymer-modified mortars at early age. Firstly, it was showed that polymers have a delaying effect on cement hydration. This effect was partially linked to the adsorption of polymer on cement grains, but mostly due to the complexation of calcium ions following polymer hydrolysis. Then, polymer-modified mortars were exposed to an air flow during hardening, in order to simulate their air drying when curing conditions are not respected. It was noted that polymers do not allow slowing down water evaporation. Besides, mortars with a thickness of less than 20 mm do not retain enough water to ensure cement hydration after 24 hours of drying. Further studies were realised on hardened polymer-modified mortars in order to evaluate their resistance to biocolonisation in the case of their use as a protection material for façades and sewer systems. In the first case, results showed an influence of curing on the bioalteration of mortars, which needs to be verified in a new test campaign. Besides, the colonisation of mortars was limited by the high surface pH of the samples, even after three months. This study allowed recommending the necessity of an abiotic pre-treatment in order to reduce the surface pH to allow the growing of microorganisms. In the second case, results showed that polymer-modified mortars behaved the same way as neat Portland mortars. Indeed, after four months of conservation in the biodeterioration chamber, all mortars showed deterioration depths of 0.5 to 1 mm. Thus, the presence of polymers does not limit biodeterioration