Journal articles: 'Mortise-and-tenon'

1

Huang, Xin Shen, Qun Gao, and Zhi Jian Zong. "Experimental Analysis of Aluminum Alloy Section Bars and their Mortise and Tenon Joints under Bending Load." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 2338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.2338.

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Different laid modes of aluminum alloy section bars and their mortise and tenon joints were bending tested, and their mechanical properties were compared, in order to research on the influence that forming a mortise and tenon joint brought to the original bars. Opening a hole laterally and inserting another shorter bar in the hole changed the bending properties and energy absorption capacity of the original bar. In horizontal laid mode, the mortise and tenon joint was weaker than the original bar when bearing bending load, but it was stronger in vertical laid mode. Weld beads of the mortise and tenon joints were strong enough to maintain the structure integrality before the main section bars were destroyed by load.

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Wang, Xue Liang, and Liang Jin. "Analysis of the Influence of Mortise-Tenon Joint Damage on Seismic Performance of Ancient Timber Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 1595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.1595.

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This research investigated the influence of mortise-tenon joint before and after damage on seismic performance of ancient lifted-beam timber structure. Dynamic responses of an ancient timber structure under various earthquake intensities were analyzed by ANSYS to extract the M-θ hysteresis loops of mortise-tenon joints before and after damage. The area of the largest hysteresis loop was taken as quantitative indicator to measure energy dissipation of mortise-tenon joints. The results shows that if some mortise-tenon joints were damaged, they dissipated much less earthquake energy decreasing by 31.8%-38.5%, and top displacement of structures increased by 1.79%-5.96% correspondingly. Moreover, the displacement under 8-degree-fortification, 7-degree-rare earthquake intensity increased most obviously. Therefore, energy dissipation of mortise-tenon joint is a main indicator to the assessment of seismic performance of a damaged ancient timber structure.

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Song, Xiao Sheng, Jing Yu Su, and Xiao Dong Guo. "Research Progress on Mechanical Properties of Chinese Ancient Mortise-Tenon Joints." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1067–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1067.

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Mortise-tenon joint is an important characteristic of Chinese ancient timber buildings. Survey on mortise-tenon joint of Chinese timber structures in the last twenty years is summarized and reviewed in five aspects as follows: (1) load transfer mechanism, (2) the relationship of M-θ, (3) the failure characteristics, (4) carrying capacity, and (5) seismic performance. Finally, research on the strengthening of mortise-tenon joints is presented in this paper.

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Zhou, Qian, and Wei Ming Yan. "Shaking Table Tests on Chinese Ancient Tenon-Mortise Structure Strengthened by Steel Components." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 3251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.3251.

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In order to protect Chinese ancient building, steel components were considered to strengthen its tenon-mortise joints and the strengthening effects were studied by shaking table tests.Based on actual sizes of an ancient building,a wooden frame model with a scale of 1:8 of the prototype structure was built considering Yan-wei type of tenon-mortise connections.Steel components were used to strengthen tenon-mortise joints of the model to enhance its stability.By white noise excitation values of basic frequency for model in both strengthened and unstrengthened conditions were obtained;By inputing El-Centro earthquake waves of different peak acceleration values,responses of displacement and acceleration for typical nodes of the model were obtained.Results show that after its tenon-mortise joints are strengthened by steel components, basic frequency of the model increases;Under earthquake the strengthened model responds with smaller peak displacement and acceleration values;With the increase of earthquake intensity,the steel components tend to perform better.Thus the steel components are effective for strengthening tenon-mortise joints of Chinese ancient buildings.

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Zhou, Qian, and Wei Ming Yan. "Shaking Table Tests on Chinese Ancient Tenon-Mortise Structure Strengthened by Iron Hook." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 1421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.1421.

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Iron hook is widely used to strengthen Chinese tenon-mortise joint to enhance its strength in southern China districts.To find strengthening effects of this material, by shaking table tests dynamic characters as well as seismic responses of a 1:8 scale wooden frame model were studied under conditions that each of its tenon-mortise joint was/was not strengthened by iron hook.By white noise excitation,values of basic frequency of both unstrengthened and iron hook strengthened models were obtained;by inputing El-centro earthquake waves of different peak acceleration values, displacement and acceleration responses of the models were obtained,dynamic magnification factors for tenon-mortise joints as well as models were discussed.Results show that after each tenon-mortise joint of the model is strengthened by iron hook,its basic frequency increases,its displacement and acceleration responses under earthquakes decrease.However as iron hook can only restrict tenon from pulling out of mortise but not rotation of the joint, the dynamic magnification factors for strengthened model still tend to increase under strong earthquake.Thus strengthening effects of this method are limited.

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Liu, Jing, Yingqi Chen, Fei Meng, and Zongxue Chen. "Research on wooden window nodes of optimal design." E3S Web of Conferences 143 (2020): 01045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014301045.

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Mortise connection is a unique way of connection in the wood structure of ancient buildings in China. This paper takes the mortise and mortise joints of wood window frame as the object. Eight models of wooden window frames are built in ANSYS software with the parameters of tenon diameter and tenon length. The static performance of them is studied. Through simulation loading, the ultimate bearing capacity of the model under vertical and horizontal loads is obtained, and it is concluded that the Mohr strength of the dangerous point and the maximum displacement value at the contact of the mullion and mullion are linearly related to the applied load. Through the parameter analysis, such as the diameter and length of mortise and tenon joint, the optimal design of this kind of mortise and tenon joint component are carried out so as to provide the theoretical basis for its application in the actual project.

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Smardzewski, J. "Effect of wood species and glue type on contact stresses in a mortise and tenon joint." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 222, no. 12 (December 1, 2008): 2293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes1084.

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New technologies for wood building construction continue to employ various profile-adhesive joints, with mortise and tenon joints being the most popular. Their strength depends both on the wood species and type of the applied glue, as well as the execution accuracy of individual elements. The aim of the performed experiments was to determine the size of normal stresses in places of mutual pressures of the tenon and mortise and the impact of the change of wood species and the type of glue (or lack of glue) applied to the joint on the value of those stresses. It was established, on the basis of numerical calculations, that the phenomena of the tenon and mortise contact are caused both by the bending of the tenon as well as by the torsion of the glue bond. Stresses in the direction perpendicular to the fibre course generating pressures exceeding wood compression strength turned out to be the most dangerous for the tenon and mortise joint. The value of the linear elasticity modulus of the glue bond exerts a decisive influence on the stress values caused by the mutual pressures of the elements of the examined joint.

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Zhou, Nianqiang, Weixing Shi, and Jiazeng Shang. "Seismic response of a light steel structure integrated building with steel mortise–tenon connections." Advances in Structural Engineering 22, no. 5 (November 9, 2018): 1225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433218811533.

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Mortise–tenon joints play a crucial role in traditional timber structures to resist service and earthquake loading. In this work, the steel mortise–tenon connection from a traditional timber house was extracted and developed for a lightweight steel structure integrated building. This article presents a study on the dynamic performance of an integrated steel house with steel mortise–tenon connections. A shaking table test was conducted with a full-scale model and various excitation intensities. Various parameters, including the natural frequency, the equivalent stiffness of the structure, the structural damping ratio, the acceleration response and the displacement response, were analysed and discussed. In the test, the model frequencies decreased from 15.19 to less than 13.38 Hz, while the damping ratio increased by 32.6%. The test model survived all the input earthquake excitations (peak ground acceleration of up to 1.0 g) with only minor damage, indicating the good seismic resilience of the building. The test results demonstrate that the integrated house structure with steel mortise–tenon connections is a good solution for withstanding earthquakes. An integrated structure bounded by a steel mortise–tenon system with proper design typically exhibits good seismic behaviour and can resist earthquake under different seismic levels in practice.

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Hu, Wen Gang, Hui Wan, and Hui Yuan Guan. "Study on contact force relaxation behavior of mortise-and-tenon joints considering tenon fits and grain orientations of tenon." BioResources 13, no. 3 (June 5, 2018): 5608–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.13.3.5608-5616.

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A new method of testing mechanical properties of mortise-and-tenon joints is put forward. The contact force relaxation behavior of joints for 3 h with tenons in different grain orientations and tenon fits were studied. The results showed that the initial and final contact force of joints with tenons in radial grain orientation were all larger than those in tangential grain orientation in the same tenon fit. The regression equations generated in this paper were able to predict the contact force relaxation behavior of joints with tenons in different grain orientations, tenon fits, and time, and the errors were all within 20%. In addition, the ratio of loss for contact force of joints with tenons in radial grain orientations was greater than that with tenons in tangent in the same tenon fit. The ratios of loss decreased from 51% to 31% in two grain orientations of tenon with tenon fits increasing from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm with an increment of 0.1 mm. The method proposed in this paper was able to predict the contact force relaxation of mortise-and-tenon joints. The relaxation of contact force in a joint should be considered when designing mortise-and-tenon joint furniture.

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Hassan, Rohana, Azmi Ibrahim, and Zakiah Ahmad. "Bending Behaviour of Dowelled Mortise and Tenon Joints in Kempas." Scientific Research Journal 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v5i1.5647.

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Mortise and tenon are commonly used as timber connections between beam and column with enhancement by pultruded dowel. At present the data on the performance of mortise and tenon joints manufactured using Malaysian tropical timber is not available. Therefore there is a need to provide such data for better guidance and references in design purposes. This study investigates the behavior and strength properties of dowelled mortise and tenon timber connections using selected Malaysian tropical timber with different types of dowels namely steel and timber. Bending tests were performed on mortise and tenon beam-column joints of Kempas when plugged with steel or wood dowel. It is found that pegging the connections with the respective steel and timber dowels resulted in a bending load capacity of 6.09 and 5.32 kN, taken as the average of three samples, the latter being 12 % lower than former. Visual observation of the failed test pieces revealed steel dowels exhibiting yield mode Im and wood, mode IIIs. The wood dowels yielded in bending at one plastic hinge point per shear plane with an associated wood crushing while the steel dowels remained practically undeformed with an associated crushing of the main member.

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11

Sha, Ben, Hao Wang, and Aiqun Li. "The Influence of the Damage of Mortise-Tenon Joint on the Cyclic Performance of the Traditional Chinese Timber Frame." Applied Sciences 9, no. 16 (August 20, 2019): 3429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9163429.

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In this article, the finite element method is used to build the analytical model of a traditional Chinese timber frame with straight mortise-tenon joints. The analytical model is then subjected to the lateral cyclic loading and verified based on the results of an experiment. Three types of damage in the straight mortise-tenon joint, including the gap between the mortise and tenon, damage in the top and the end of tenon, are proposed and idealized so that the analytical model can be modified accordingly. The hysteresis curve, stiffness and energy dissipation capacity derived from these damaged models with different damage extents are analyzed. The results indicate that the proposed damages of the joints have adverse influences on the lateral behavior of the timber frame. Both stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of the timber frame are weakened by these damages.

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12

Yang, Xiuren, Fang Lin, and Meiqun Huang. "Experimental Analysis of Bending Stiffness Characteristics of Grouted Double Mortise-Tenon Joint for Prefabricated Metro Station Structure." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (June 23, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9958436.

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The grouted mortise-tenon joint, invented as the connection between the large prefabricated components, is the key to the prefabricated underground structures, and the double-tenon joint is most widely used in the prefabricated metro station structure. This paper conducts characteristic analysis of bending stiffness with a 1 : 1 prototype test in key working direction of different joint types for grouted double mortise-tenon joint. The results show that the double-tenon joint is characteristic of variable stiffness under different loads. Change laws of double-tenon joint bending stiffness without and with auxiliary pretightening device in tension side and compression side are also discussed. The correlations for calculating double-tenon joint bending stiffness with various axial loads and bending moments are derived at last, which offers the theory foreshadowing of similar joints.

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13

Xue, Jianyang, Rui Guo, Liangjie Qi, and Dan Xu. "Experimental study on the seismic performance of traditional timber mortise-tenon joints with different looseness under low-cyclic reversed loading." Advances in Structural Engineering 22, no. 6 (November 23, 2018): 1312–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433218814167.

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The majority of existing ancient timber structures have different degrees of damage. The looseness of mortise-tenon joints is a kind of typical damage type. In order to study the influence of looseness on the seismic performance of mortise-tenon joints, six through-tenon joints and six dovetail-tenon joints with scale 1:3.2 were fabricated according to the requirements of the engineering fabrication method of Chinese Qing Dynasty. Each type of joints consisted of one intact joint and five artificial loose joints, and the artificial defect was made to simulate looseness by cutting the tenon sectional dimension. Based on experiments of two types of joints under low-cyclic reversed loading, the seismic behaviors of joints such as failure modes, hysteretic loops and skeleton curves, strength and stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation capacity were studied. Moreover, the comparative analyses of seismic performance between two types of joints were carried out. The variation tendency of seismic behaviors of two types of joints has similarities, and there are some differences due to their different structural styles. The results indicate that squeeze deformation between tenon and mortise of two types of joints occurred. The shape of hysteretic loops of two types of joints is reverse-Z-shape, and the pinching effect of hysteretic loops becomes more obvious with the increase in looseness, among which of through-tenon joints is more obvious than that of dovetail-tenon joints. The carrying capacity, stiffness, and energy dissipation capacity of loose joints are significantly lower than that of the intact one, and the energy dissipation capacity of dovetail-tenon joints is better than that of through-tenon joints. The rotation angles of two types of joints can reach 0.12 rad, and the loose joints still have great deformation capacity.

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Yang, Deshan, Ming Xu, and Zhongfan Chen. "Experimental study on the reinforcement methods and lateral resistance of mortise-tenon jointed traditional timber frames." BioResources 16, no. 2 (April 20, 2021): 4039–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.2.4039-4051.

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In order to study the lateral resistance of reinforced traditional Chinese timber frames with mortise-tenon connections, three cyclic tests were conducted on one-bay mortise-tenon jointed traditional timber frames. Three reinforcement methods, i.e., steel angle strengthening, wood brace, and Timu, were studied. Seismic performances were evaluated according to the experimental phenomena and the test results. The failure mode, hysteresis curves, skeleton curves, curves of stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation capacity of the three specimens were analyzed based on the tests. The test results showed that the wood frames had good deformability. The stiffness degradation of the timber frame was severe at the initial loading stage; however, the degradation rate tended to decrease after the initial stage. In addition, the energy dissipation increased as the lateral displacement increased. The wooden frames with mortise tenon joints strengthened by steel angle, wood brace, and Timu can achieve good aseismic results. The study can provide a theoretical basis for seismic design and reinforcing methods of traditional timber structures.

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Zhou, Qian, and Wei Ming Yan. "Strengthening Analysis on Tenon-Mortise Joint of a Face Beam in Tai-He Palace in the Forbidden City in China." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 1597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.1597.

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To protect Chinese ancient building,by theoretical calculation and finite element simulation sinkage as well as strengthening method on tenon-mortise joint of a face beam in Tai-He Palace in the Forbidden City were studied.2 strengthening methods were considered,by which calculation diagrams as well as finite element models for the beam were built and static analysis were carried out.Based on analysis results,displacement as well as stress distributions of the face beam before strengthened were obtained;Based on laws of cultural relics protection,the 2 strengthening methods were discussed and the more suitable one was selected.Results show that the main cause of sinkage of the face beam tenon relates closely to over great values of bending,tension as well as shearing stress values at the tenon-mortise joint position;The method that strengthening tenon-mortise joint by additional columns under the face beam may bring adverse effects to the substructure,however the method of using steel-wood composite system to strengthen the joint is more suitable which meets the demand of cultural relics protection.

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Hajdarevic, Seid, Murco Obucina, Elmedin Mesic, and Sandra Martinovic. "Strength and stiffness analyses of standard and double mortise and tenon joints." BioResources 15, no. 4 (September 14, 2020): 8249–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.4.8249-8267.

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This paper investigated the effect of the tenon length on the strength and stiffness of the standard mortise and tenon joints, as well of the double mortise and tenon joints, that were bonded by poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and polyurethane (PU) glues. The strength was analyzed by measuring applied load and by calculating ultimate bending moment and bending moment at the proportional limit. Stiffness was evaluated by measuring displacement and by calculating the ratio of applied force and displacement along the force line. The results were compared with the data obtained by the simplified static expressions and numerical calculation of the orthotropic linear-elastic model. The results indicated that increasing tenon length increased the maximal moment and proportional moment of the both investigated joints types. The analytically calculated moments were increased more than the experimental values for both joint types, and they had generally lower values than the proportional moments for the standard tenon joints, as opposed to the double tenon joints. The Von Mises stress distribution showed characteristic zones of the maximum and increased stress values. These likewise were monitored in analytical calculations. The procedures could be successfully used to achieve approximate data of properties of loaded joints.

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Jia, Li, Hongbo Liu, Zhihua Chen, Yang Liu, and Yapeng Wu. "Experimental Study on Bearing Capacity of Reinforced Steel Tubular Scaffold under Uniform Loads." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (September 29, 2019): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4324528.

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Five groups of tests were designed to analyze the influence of node types (fastener connection and mortise-and-tenon joint) and reinforcement modes of top horizontal cross rods (weak truss and stiffening truss) on the bearing capacity of the steel tubular scaffold under vertical uniform loads. Loading phenomenon, bearing capacity, failure mode, displacement at key positions, and strain development characteristics during tests were analyzed. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) The fastener scaffold reinforced by a top truss showed the highest bearing capacity and high material utilization. (2) The fastener scaffold reinforced by a top weak truss increased the bearing capacity and caused coordinated deformation of the top horizontal force rods. (3) The node displacement of the mortise-and-tenon scaffold was smaller than that of the fastener joint, whereas its bearing capacity was higher. (4) Vertical diagonal bracing can slightly increase the bearing capacity of the mortise-and-tenon scaffold but can also constrain the deformation of the vertical rods and change the failure mode.

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Hajdarević, Seid, and Sandra Martinović. "Effect of Tenon Length on Flexibility of Mortise and Tenon Joint." Procedia Engineering 69 (2014): 678–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.03.042.

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TABUCHI, Atsushi, and Hirokazu AKASHI. "Effect of a Tenon Width and Mortise Position on The Pulled-Out Strength of Tenon and Mortise Joints." Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 61, no. 4 (2012): 353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2472/jsms.61.353.

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Ma, Hua, Xinyu Luan, Zhenbao Li, Haijian Cui, Wenjing Wang, and Jia Song. "Seismic Performance of Damaged Dovetail Joints with Different Damaged Degrees in Timber Frames." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (August 21, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7238217.

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The mortise and tenon joints are the main connection forms used in ancient timber buildings, and damaged joints have a critical effect on the safety of a timber structure. There are three main damaged cases of dovetail joints which are pulling, contraction, and mixing damages. In this study, using a theoretical analysis of the stress distribution in a mortise and tenon joint resulted from the pullout damage, a theoretical equation for the resisting moment of the joint was proposed. A finite element model was used to simulate the cyclic displacement loading of a frame with intact joints and with different levels of pulling and contraction damaged joints. The results show that the moment capacities both for the test and the simulation were in good agreement with each other. The simulation results also indicated that there are no changes in the capacity and energy dissipation of the pulling damaged joint compared to that of the intact joint, and good seismic performance still was provided when the pulling damage was less than 2/5 of the joint length. However, the capacity of the contraction damaged joint was significantly reduced, and its seismic performance was tolerably lost. The seismic performance of a mixing damaged tenon with the same degree of pulling damage was between that of the pulling damaged tenon and the contraction damaged tenon, and generally, it was controlled by the contraction damage. The friction between the tenon and the mortise is the main source of resisting moment and energy dissipation ability.

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Zhang, Tianxing, and Wengang Hu. "NUMERICAL STUDY ON EFFECTS OF TENON SIZES ON WITHDRAWAL LOAD CAPACITY OF MORTISE AND TENON JOINT." WOOD RESEARCH 66(2): 2021 66, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.2.321330.

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The effect of tenon length and tenon width on withdrawal load capacity of mortise and tenon (M-T) joint was studied based on the finite element method (FEM), and the relationship of withdrawal load capacity relating to tenon length and tenon width was regressed using response surface method. The results showed that the tenon length and tenon width had remarkable effects on withdrawal load capacity of M-T joint T-shaped sample. The effect of tenon length on withdrawal load capacity was greater than tenon width. The regression equation used to predict the withdrawal load capacity was capable of optimizing the tenon sizes of M-T joint with R-square of 0.926. Using FEM can get more knowledge of M-T joint visually, and reduce the costs of materials and time of experiments.

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Huifeng, Su, Liu Weining, Yang Xiuren, and Wang Chen. "Rapid Development and Application of Prototype Test System of Prefabricated Metro Station Structure Joint." Open Civil Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (September 30, 2015): 751–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501509010751.

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In the context of the proposed prefabricated metro station named Yuanjiadian Station for Changchun Metro Line 2 and based on the final purpose of studying the tenon and mortise grouting joint’s mechanical properties, prototype test system of joint was developed and staged test finished. The test system includes loading system, test and monitoring system, assembling and grouting system, lifting and installation system and so forth. The system can complete the fourpoint bending test and four-point shearing test under any axial force of the prototype joint. Afterward, destructive test of axial force combining with bending moment was carried out under different conditions (including grouting ranges, grouting materials and tenon lengths). Ultimately, the flexural capacity and flexural rigidity for some specific tenon and mortise joint was derived and the safe bending moment of the joint was shown, providing guidance for design and construction.

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Fu, Wei-Lian, Hui-Yuan Guan, and Xin-Yi Zhang. "Verification and further study on method of measuring contact force between mortise and tenon joint." BioResources 16, no. 1 (November 16, 2020): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.1.263-276.

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This work verified the direct measuring method of the contact force and its relaxation behavior between mortise and tenon joints through withdrawal load resistance testing of T-shaped mortise-and-tenon joint specimens. Further, it also studied the influence of wood species, beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) and Mongolian Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica), interference fitness (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mm; 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 mm), and wood grain orientation (radial, diagonal, and tangential) on the contact force and its relaxation. The results showed that the direct measuring method had good feasibility for measuring the contact force and its relaxation of the beech and it showed good feasibility on measuring initial contact force of pine. However, it showed low feasibility for measuring the relaxed contact force when the interference was 0.2 mm, but showed good feasibility on measuring the relaxed contact force with larger interference of pine. Interference fitness, wood grain orientation, and wood species had a significant effect on initial contact force and contact force after 5 h relaxation. This study showed feasibility and application scope of the method for direct measuring contact force and provided additional fundamental data to contribute to further study of the internal mechanical mechanism of mortise and tenon joints.

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Hu, Wengang, and Bingrui Chen. "A Methodology for Optimizing Tenon Geometry Dimensions of Mortise-and-Tenon Joint Wood Products." Forests 12, no. 4 (April 14, 2021): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12040478.

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For a long time, the geometry dimensions of tenons have been designed through empirical methods, which is not beneficial to designers and manufacturers and results in more time spent in construction and a greater amount of waste wood materials. In this study, an optimal methodology of combining finite element analysis (FEA) with response surface method (RSM) was proposed to investigate the effect of tenon geometric dimensions (length, width, and thickness) on withdrawal and bending load capacities of mortise-and-tenon (M-T) joints, with the aim of making the design of wood products more scientific. The following results were concluded: (1) the effect of tenon length on withdrawal load capacity was greater than tenon thickness, followed by tenon width; (2) the effect of tenon thickness on bending load capacity was greater than those of tenon width, followed by tenon length; (3) it was concluded that the tenon length should be designed to be greater than the tenon width and smaller than twice the tenon width, especially, when tenon thickness was relatively thin; (4) quadratic models can be used to predict the withdrawal and bending load capacities of M-T joints relating the length, width, and thickness of the tenon; (5) the proposed method was capable of being used to optimize the tenon sizes and get more knowledge of M-T joints visually. This study will contribute to reducing the costs of time and materials, and it will result in M-T joints being designed more rationally.

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Yang, Xiuren, Fang Lin, and Meiqun Huang. "Experimental Research on Bending Bearing Capability of Grouted Double Mortise-Tenon Joint for Prefabricated Metro Station Structure." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (March 17, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6635409.

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The grouted mortise-tenon joint, invented as the connection between the large prefabricated elements, is the most important component in the prefabricated underground structures. This paper conducts analysis of load-carrying capacity performance and failure mode with 1 : 1 prototype test in key working direction of different double mortise-tenon joint types for the prefabricated metro station. The resistance moment is developed and used to analyze the bending bearing characteristic curve, and the corresponding test results of each stage of the characteristic curve are described in detail. In addition, the bending bearing performance of different types of double-tenon joints under different load conditions is compared. The test results clarify the ultimate failure mode of double-tenon joint and the variable bearing capacity characteristics of the joint with the increase in axial load and explain the bearing performance of each stage. It is also found the auxiliary pretightening device is helpful to delay the appearance of cracks and improve the bearing capacity, especially when it is set on the tension side. The research results have important application value for the joint design of prefabricated metro station structures.

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Dzincic, Igor, Biserka Nestorovic, and Vojislav Dacic. "The effect of shoulder on the strength of the oval tenon-mortise joint." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 113 (2016): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf151109001d.

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This paper presents the results of a parallel examination on the strength of oval tenon-mortise joints in two groups of test joints. Joints from group A were made with both shoulders of tenon, while joints from group B were made without the lower shoulder. Examination of strength was conducted on a chair joints rear leg-rail. The results of the examination indicated that joints in group A (oval tenon with the upper and lower shoulder) had a higher average bending moment capacity in comparison with the joints in group B (oval tenon without the lower shoulder). However, the significance of difference in strength between the two groups of joints was not confirmed by the statistical analysis.

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Zhao, Dong, Zhaoming Zhang, Jun Zhao, Kai Liu, Yuhang Liu, Guangfeng Li, Xinhai Zhang, Ruixue Bai, Xue Yang, and Xuzhou Yan. "A Mortise‐and‐Tenon Joint Inspired Mechanically Interlocked Network." Angewandte Chemie 133, no. 29 (June 15, 2021): 16360–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.202105620.

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Zhao, Dong, Zhaoming Zhang, Jun Zhao, Kai Liu, Yuhang Liu, Guangfeng Li, Xinhai Zhang, Ruixue Bai, Xue Yang, and Xuzhou Yan. "A Mortise‐and‐Tenon Joint Inspired Mechanically Interlocked Network." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 60, no. 29 (June 15, 2021): 16224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202105620.

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Xiong, Hui Yuan, and Zhi Peng Luo. "Dynamic Mechanical Behavior of Aluminum Alloy Mortise-and-Tenon T-Joints." Key Engineering Materials 777 (August 2018): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.777.533.

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An experimental investigation was conducted on aluminum alloy mortise-and-tenon T-joints (MT-joints) under dynamic cyclic loading. The MT-joints strengths, stiffness, failure characteristics, hysteresis curves, skeleton curves, restoring force models and energy dissipation curves of the joints have been reported. It’s shown from the experiment that main failure modes of the MT-joints are plastic deformation of squeezing area and tenon divorced from joint. And MT-joints structure is a typical semi-rigid connection that can withstand both rotation and bending moment.

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30

Tan, Zheng, Wentao Sun, Wenjing Yang, Xiaoling Zhu, Fan Dong, Qin Li, and Shengli Li. "Y-Shaped En-Bloc Mortise-Tenon Rhinoplasty Technique." Aesthetic Surgery Journal 40, no. 1 (May 2, 2019): NP8—NP20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjz120.

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AbstractBackgroundNasal tip management is the most important and challenging aspect of rhinoplasty. Costal cartilage can be utilized in septal extension grafting to effectively correct nasal shape deformity.ObjectivesThe authors described their experience with costal cartilage grafting for septal extension utilizing a novel en-bloc mortise-tenon technique to correct primary or secondary nose deformity or to enhance nasal appearance in Asian patients.MethodsFrom July 2015 to December 2017, costal cartilage grafts were applied as septal extension biomaterials utilizing the novel en-bloc mortise-tenon technique in 278 consecutive Asian rhinoplasty patients with primary (n = 95), secondary (n = 173), and tertiary (n = 10) nose deformity or in patients needing nasal reshaping. The age of the patients ranged from 19 to 46 years. In all cases, the mucoperichondria of the nasal septum were dissected bilaterally from the septal cartilage. The prepared en-bloc costal cartilage graft was mounted onto the caudal portion of the septal cartilage and fixed to the septum with 5-0 polydioxanone sutures.ResultsThe follow-up duration ranged from 10 months to 2.5 years. Of the 278 patients treated, 5 were male and 273 were female. External lengthening of the nose from the nasal root to the tip ranged from 3 to 10 mm. All patients except 1 were satisfied with the shape of the nose.ConclusionsThe authors obtained good aesthetic results utilizing the novel en-bloc mortise-tenon method for connecting costal cartilage grafts as septal extension materials in patients with different types of nasal deformity and in patients needing nose reshaping.Level of Evidence: 4

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31

Začal, Jaroslav, Petr Dostál, Michal Šustr, and Ioannis A. Barboutis. "Design and Testing of Low Cost Chair with Round Mortise and Tenon Joints." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64, no. 2 (2016): 567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664020567.

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The present paper focuses on construction of school seats for developing countries from locally available resources using the local industry and low-end technology. Aim of the work is experimental assessment of mechanical properties of joints flexion in angular plane. Furthermore work considers assessment of joint firmness and comparison between various joint types. Paper encloses the review of various joint manufacturing designs (tenon and mortise), which were proposed for its suitable mechanical properties and simplicity of manufacturing. Designated joint type is easiest form of joint construction and technologically feasible for chair manufacturing. The joints were constructed from fir wood. Further the work introduces design of simple seat construction made from massive wood material manufactured by low-end technology with regards to achieving the due specifications. The task of this work is to design the viable manufacturing process of seats and chairs from raw wood and scrap material. Essential part of work is also manufacturing of seat prototype and simplified model of proposed mortise and tenon drill.

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Chen, Chun Chao, Hong Xing Qiu, and Ming Gang Xu. "Experimental Study on Flexural Behavior of Typical Mortise-Tenon Joints." Applied Mechanics and Materials 578-579 (July 2014): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.578-579.160.

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The same two straight mortise-tennon joints in the base of melon-column (SJ for short) and penetrated mortise-tennon joints (PJ for short) were made with related rules. Relations of moment-rotation, length of the tenon pulled out-rotation and failure modes were got through monotonic loading test. Experimental study showed the main damage type of SJ was pulling out, while two damage types of PJ were bending damage and transverse tearing failure respectively. When under the action of bending moment, the resisting torque of SJ was synthesized by vertical load of columns, while that of PJ was mainly synthesized by local compresssive stress and friction on upper and lower surface of the tennon. In addition, the pulling size of tennons was associated with the heigth of tenon and relative rotation of beam and column.

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Hu, Wengang, and Na Liu. "Numerical and Optimal Study on Bending Moment Capacity and Stiffness of Mortise-and-Tenon Joint for Wood Products." Forests 11, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11050501.

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Mortise-and-tenon (M–T) joint is a traditional joint type commonly used in wood constructions and wood products. Bending moment capacity (BMC) is a critical criterion to evaluate the strength of the M–T joint. In order to design the M–T joint structure more rationally, many researchers have been devoted to studying on this topic. However, the factors influencing the BMC are too many to conduct comprehensive studies using experimental tests, especially for tenon size. In this study, the BMC and bending stiffness of the M–T joint were studied using a combination of finite element method (FEM) and response surface method to optimize the tenon size of the M–T joint. The results showed that (1) the proposed finite element model was capable of predicting BMC of M–T joints with the ratios of FEM to observed, ranging from 0.852 to 1.072; (2) the BMC and stiffness were significantly affected by tenon size, and tenon length had a more significant effect on BMC than tenon width, while the tenon width affected the bending stiffness more significantly; (3) the response surface model proposed to predict and optimize the BMC of the M–T joint relating to tenon length and tenon width was capable of providing an optimal solution; (4) it was recommended to make the ratio of tenon length to tenon width higher than 1 to get higher BMC of M–T joints. In conclusion, this study will contribute to reducing the cost of a huge amount of experimental tests by applying FEM and the response surface method to design M–T joint wood products.

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Hu, Wengang, and Na Liu. "Comparisons of finite element models used to predict bending strength of mortise-and-tenon joints." BioResources 15, no. 3 (June 10, 2020): 5801–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.3.5801-5811.

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This study aimed to obtain a better method for establishing a finite element model of mortise-and-tenon (M-T) joints. Three types of M-T joint finite element models, which included a whole rigid model, a tie rigid model, and a semi-rigid model, were established and compared with experimental results by predicting the bending moment capacity (BMC) of M-T joints based on the finite element method (FEM). The results showed that the semi-rigid model performed much better than the tie rigid model, followed by the whole rigid model. For the semi-rigid model, the ratios of FEM ranged from 0.85 to 1.09. For the whole rigid model and tie rigid model, the BMC of the M-T joint was overestimated. In addition, the results showed that tenon size remarkably affected the BMC and stiffness of the M-T joint, and tenon width had a greater effect on the BMC of the M-T joint than the tenon length.

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Silva, Diogo FM, Ivo MF Bragança, Carlos MA Silva, Luis M. Alves, and Paulo AF Martins. "Joining by forming of additive manufactured ‘mortise-and-tenon’ joints." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 233, no. 1 (July 27, 2017): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405417720954.

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This article is aimed at extending the ‘mortise-and-tenon’ joining concept commonly utilized in corner or tee joints to lap joints in which one sheet is partially placed over another without any change in their shape. The approach makes use of wire arc additive manufacturing to fabricate the tenons and allows various shapes and thicknesses to be made from a wide range of metallic materials. Upset compression of the tenons is utilized to mechanically lock the two sheets being joined. Experimental and finite element simulation works performed with monolithic (aluminium–aluminium) and hybrid (aluminium–polymer) ‘unit cells’ consisting of a single lap joint are utilized to investigate the deformation mechanics and the feasibility of the new proposed joining process. Tensile-shear loading tests were carried out to determine the maximum force that the new proposed joints are capable to withstand without failure. Pull-out forces of approximately 8 and 6 kN for the monolithic and hybrid joints allow concluding on the potential of additive manufactured ‘mortise-and-tenon’ lap joints to connect sheets made from similar and dissimilar materials.

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Hassan, Rohana, Azmi Ibrahim, and Zakiah Ahmad. "Shear Capacity of Dowelled Mortise and Tenon in Tropical Timber." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 17 (February 1, 2011): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/17/1/012012.

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Fan, Yifang, and Zhiyu Li. "Personalized Orthopedic Implant - A Bone Shell with Mortise and Tenon." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 48 (May 2016): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000485563.60445.6c.

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38

Gao, Da Feng, Wei Li, Xin Jian Ding, and Peng Nan Cao. "Analysis on Structural Property and Seismic Performance of the P’ai-Lou Gateways in Xi'an Great Mosque." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 1441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.1441.

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Study on the mechanics performance of ancient Chinese timber structure is of great significance. The paper based on P’ai-lou of Xi'an Great Mosque as the research object, and used spring elements to simulate semi-rigid of mortise-tenon joints, just answered to the finite element numerical analysis. The stiffness values of mortise-tenon joints were got by nonlinear contact analysis; Under the vertical load, the inner force of structure is far less than its design value, and the safety margin of structure is above 60%; The differential motion equation of structure was given, the first six natural frequencies and the vibration performance of the P’ai-lou were got by the model analysis; Based on Spectrum analysis and time-history analysis , the results show that the ancient Chinese timber structure is soft, and has a better energy consumption performance as well as a "meet strong a strong" intelligent shock absorption characteristics. Analysis and calculation results provide the theory basis for maintenance and protection of ancient Chinese timber structure.

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Gao, Da Feng, Peng Fei Li, and Lei Wang. "Study on the Structural and Aseismatical Performance of Multi-Storey Ancient Chinese Timber Structure Shangyou Tower of Palace Style." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 2012–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.2012.

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Based on the rich previous experimental data, the multi-storey ancient Chinese timber structure shangyou tower of palace style was studied. ANSYS10.0 software was used to establish the finite element models. One finite element model of large wooden frame was established by applying semi-rigid spring element to simulate the joint of mortise-tenon, tou-kung and the connection on column foot in the real wooden structure. The other finite element model of antique building corresponding to the finite element model above was established. The first 10 inherent frequencies and vibrations of the two models were obtained by the method of Block Lanczos with full transient analysis. The model displacement and acceleration time history curves were obtained by taking the two models subjected to El-Centro ground motion, Taft ground motion and Lanzhou artificial ground motion excitation. By the results analysis of the two models, it can be find that the vibration isolation performance of the ancient Chinese timber structure mainly manifests in the column foot, tenon and mortise connection and the tou-kung layer.

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IRIE, Yasutaka, and Shinya OIFUJI. "INFLUENCES OF TENON SIZE ON PULL OUT AND BENDING STRENGTH OF MORTISE-TENON JOINT WITH PIN." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 15, no. 29 (2009): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.15.127.

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41

Hu, Wengang, Huiyuan Guan, and Jilei Zhang. "FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF TENSILE LOAD RESISTANCE OF MORTISE-AND-TENON JOINTS CONSIDERING TENON FIT EFFECTS." Wood and Fiber Science 50, no. 2 (April 18, 2018): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22382/wfs-2018-014.

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42

Feio, Artur O., Paulo B. Lourenço, and José S. Machado. "Testing and modeling of a traditional timber mortise and tenon joint." Materials and Structures 47, no. 1-2 (March 26, 2013): 213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/s11527-013-0056-y.

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43

Haviarova, Eva, and Carl A. Eckelman. "Knee Braces for Bents Constructed with Round Mortise and Tenon Joints." Forest Products Journal 60, no. 4 (July 2010): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/0015-7473-60.4.395.

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44

Hu, Wei Bing, and Jian Zeng. "The Stiffness of the Tenon and Mortise Connection of Ancient Timber Buildings with the Random Incentive Action of Transportation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 1586–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.1586.

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In this paper, on the basis of the dynamic response monitoring of the Xi’an Bell Tower, based on the random nature of traffic vibration, to use the vibration response data of ambient excitation directly, and obtained for monitoring the free decay of the Xi’an Bell Tower vibration signal response by using random decrement technique, then as this input, preparation of the corresponding computer program Matlab, has gotten the main dynamic parameters of the Bell Tower by using ITD method; in connection with the wooden beams of semi-rigid connection tenon characteristics, the upper wooden structure’s three dimensional finite element model, after Analysis of modal , fitting wooden the Bell Tower has been model tenon and mortise connection stiffness.

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45

Xiong, Huiyuan, Zhirong Tan, Ronghui Zhang, Zhijian Zong, and Zhipeng Luo. "Flexural behavior and mechanical model of aluminum alloy mortise-and-tenon T-joints for electric vehicle." Nanotechnology Reviews 8, no. 1 (December 4, 2019): 370–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2019-0033.

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AbstractWith the development of electric vehicles, more and more high requirements for the lightweight design on EV body are put forward. This paper aims to study a new structure, aluminum alloy mortise-and-tenon structure, which is used for lightweight EVs. Two new types on aluminium alloy MT-T joint specimens are designed and tested under low-cycle reciprocating loading. And the failure characteristics, hysteretic curve, skeleton curve, restoring force model and energy dissipation curve are obtained by analyzing the experimental data. Moment and rotation angle relationship is conducted by joint geometric deformation and equilibrium relation. Based on theoretical model, a simplified bilinear model has been proposed for engineering calculation. When the beam bending performance is qualitatively analyzed, the theoretical model, simulation model and bilinear model are verified through experiments and finite element method simulations. The results show that mortise-and-tenon T joint main failure modes are plastic deformation caused by the upper contact area squeezed each other and the lower contact area divorced each other. Furthermore, it can be obtained from the theoretical model that MT-T joint deformation process consists of elastic segment and elastoplastic segment. Theoretical model, simulation model and bilinear model agree well with the experimental results. This fruit gives a useful reference to composite material used in EVs.

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46

Li, Ling Xu, Zong Heng Xu, Ming Chang Ma, and Yan Chu. "Present and Future Research of Mortise and Tenon Joint in Timber Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 851 (August 2016): 649–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.851.649.

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Through the analyze and the research of seismic resistance of wooden structural, which summarized its characteristics, the seismic strengthen of tenon joints , seismic performance research status and aseismatic constructions. Pointed out that is a emphases to wooden seismic performance, and combine the earthquake damage in Wenchuang province, sum up the experience, put forward the corresponding opinions and suggestions which let wooden structural used better in China.

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Yang, Xiuren, Zhongheng Shi, and Fang Lin. "Influence of Geometrical Parameters on Performance of Grouted Mortise and Tenon Joints for Application in Prefabricated Underground Structures." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3747982.

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Prefabricated underground structures were first researched in China to address the serious social and environmental issues associated with underground construction. Five metro stations have been built on Line 2 of the Changchun Metro in China using this new prefabrication technology. The joints connecting prefabricated elements are the most critical components in such prefabricated structures. In this study, experiments and numerical simulations investigating the influences of different grouted mortise and tenon joint geometrical parameters were conducted to determine the optimal parameters and ensure proper performance. To do so, a finite element model was built with the appropriate characteristics using the experimental results, and an analysis of the influence of different geometrical parameters was conducted. The results indicate that increasing the dip angle of the tenon could improve the flexural rigidity of the joint, but its effect was relatively small compared to that of the other parameters. Increasing the width of the tenon only had a positive effect on the flexural rigidity of the joint when the width was relatively small and under small axial loads. Increasing the length of the tenon helped to enhance the flexural performance of the joint; however, this advantage was not obvious when the tenon length was relatively long. Proper indentation of the joint improved the flexural capacity under a small axial load, but was not beneficial under a high axial load. The findings of this study are of value to help researchers and engineers more effectively design prefabricated underground structures.

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48

Mougel, E., C. Segovia, A. Pizzi, and A. Thomas. "Shrink-Fitting and Dowel Welding in Mortise and Tenon Structural Wood Joints." Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 25, no. 1-3 (January 2011): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/016942410x503320.

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49

Judd, Johnn P., Fernando S. Fonseca, Carson R. Walker, and Paul R. Thorley. "Tensile Strength of Varied-Angle Mortise and Tenon Connections in Timber Frames." Journal of Structural Engineering 138, no. 5 (May 2012): 636–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000468.

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50

Yang, Qingshan, Chao Gao, Juan Wang, Kunlong Ren, and Na Yang. "Probability distribution of gaps between tenon and mortise of traditional timber structures." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 78, no. 1 (December 2, 2019): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00107-019-01472-1.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mortise-and-tenon'

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