Journal articles: 'Mosquito population dynamics'

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Wan, Hui. "Modelling Mosquito Population Dynamics: The Impact of Resource and Temperature." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.156.

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Understanding the population dynamics of mosquitoes is fundamental to the study of the epidemiology of mosquito-borne diseases for the purpose of optimal control and prevention. In this paper, we presented a brief survey for former models for mosquito population and claimed that the effect of limited resource and temperature are important for the population dynamics of mosquito which should be considered in mosquito models.

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Cai, Li-Ming. "Dynamics of Wild and Sterile Mosquito Population Models with Delayed Releasing." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 30, no. 11 (September 15, 2020): 2050218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127420502181.

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To reduce the global burden of mosquito-borne diseases, e.g. dengue, malaria, the need to develop new control methods is to be highlighted. The sterile insect technique (SIT) and various genetic modification strategies, have a potential to contribute to a reversal of the current alarming disease trends. In our previous work, the ordinary differential equation (ODE) models with different releasing sterile mosquito strategies are investigated. However, in reality, implementing SIT and the releasing processes of sterile mosquitos are very complex. In particular, the delay phenomena always occur. To achieve suppression of wild mosquito populations, in this paper, we reassess the effect of the delayed releasing of sterile mosquitos on the suppression of interactive mosquito populations. We extend the previous ODE models to the delayed releasing models in two different ways of releasing sterile mosquitos, where both constant and exponentially distributed delays are considered, respectively. By applying the theory and methods of delay differential equations, the effect of time delays on the stability of equilibria in the system is rigorously analyzed. Some sustained oscillation phenomena via Hopf bifurcations in the system are observed. Numerical examples demonstrate rich dynamical features of the proposed models. Based on the obtained results, we also suggest some new releasing strategies for sterile mosquito populations.

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El Moustaid, Fadoua, and Leah Johnson. "Modeling Temperature Effects on Population Density of the Dengue Mosquito Aedes aegypti." Insects 10, no. 11 (November 7, 2019): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10110393.

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Mosquito density plays an important role in the spread of mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue and Zika. While it remains very challenging to estimate the density of mosquitoes, modelers have tried different methods to represent it in mathematical models. The goal of this paper is to investigate the various ways mosquito density has been quantified, as well as to propose a dynamical system model that includes the details of mosquito life stages leading to the adult population. We first discuss the mosquito traits involved in determining mosquito density, focusing on those that are temperature dependent. We evaluate different forms of models for mosquito densities based on these traits and explore their dynamics as temperature varies. Finally, we compare the predictions of the models to observations of Aedes aegypti abundances over time in Vitòria, Brazil. Our results indicate that the four models exhibit qualitatively and quantitatively different behaviors when forced by temperature, but that all seem reasonably consistent with observed abundance data.

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Tran, Annelise, Assane Gueye Fall, Biram Biteye, Mamadou Ciss, Geoffrey Gimonneau, Mathieu Castets, Momar Talla Seck, and Véronique Chevalier. "Spatial Modeling of Mosquito Vectors for Rift Valley Fever Virus in Northern Senegal: Integrating Satellite-Derived Meteorological Estimates in Population Dynamics Models." Remote Sensing 11, no. 9 (April 30, 2019): 1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11091024.

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Mosquitoes are vectors of major pathogen agents worldwide. Population dynamics models are useful tools to understand and predict mosquito abundances in space and time. To be used as forecasting tools over large areas, such models could benefit from integrating remote sensing data that describe the meteorological and environmental conditions driving mosquito population dynamics. The main objective of this study is to assess a process-based modeling framework for mosquito population dynamics using satellite-derived meteorological estimates as input variables. A generic weather-driven model of mosquito population dynamics was applied to Rift Valley fever vector species in northern Senegal, with rainfall, temperature, and humidity as inputs. The model outputs using meteorological data from ground weather station vs satellite-based estimates are compared, using longitudinal mosquito trapping data for validation at local scale in three different ecosystems. Model predictions were consistent with field entomological data on adult abundance, with a better fit between predicted and observed abundances for the Sahelian Ferlo ecosystem, and for the models using in-situ weather data as input. Based on satellite-derived rainfall and temperature data, dynamic maps of three potential Rift Valley fever vector species were then produced at regional scale on a weekly basis. When direct weather measurements are sparse, these resulting maps should be used to support policy-makers in optimizing surveillance and control interventions of Rift Valley fever in Senegal.

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Yang, Cuihong, Xinan Zhang, and Jia Li. "Dynamics of two-patch mosquito population models with sterile mosquitoes." Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 483, no. 2 (March 2020): 123660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2019.123660.

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Abiodun, Gbenga J., Peter Witbooi, and Kazeem O. Okosun. "Modeling and analyzing the impact of temperature and rainfall on mosquito population dynamics over Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa." International Journal of Biomathematics 10, no. 04 (March 28, 2017): 1750055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524517500553.

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Malaria parasites are strongly dependent on Anopheles mosquitoes for transmission; for this reason, mosquito population dynamics are a crucial determinant of malaria risk. However, temperature and rainfall play a significant role in both aquatic and adult stages of the Anopheles. Consequently, it is important to understand the biology of malaria vector mosquitoes in the study of malaria transmission. In this study, we develop a climate-based, ordinary-differential-equation model to analyze how rainfall and temperature determine mosquito population size. In the model, we consider in detail the influence of ambient temperature on gonotrophic and sporogonic cycles over Amajuba District, Kwazulu-Natal Province, South Africa. In particular, we further use the model to simulate the spatial distribution of the mosquito biting rate over the study region. Our results reflect high seasonality of the population of An. gambiae over the region and also demonstrate the influence of climatic factors on the mosquito population dynamics.

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Beck-Johnson, Lindsay M., William A. Nelson, Krijn P. Paaijmans, Andrew F. Read, Matthew B. Thomas, and Ottar N. Bjørnstad. "The importance of temperature fluctuations in understanding mosquito population dynamics and malaria risk." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 3 (March 2017): 160969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160969.

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Temperature is a key environmental driver of Anopheles mosquito population dynamics; understanding its central role is important for these malaria vectors. Mosquito population responses to temperature fluctuations, though important across the life history, are poorly understood at a population level. We used stage-structured, temperature-dependent delay-differential equations to conduct a detailed exploration of the impacts of diurnal and annual temperature fluctuations on mosquito population dynamics. The model allows exploration of temperature-driven temporal changes in adult age structure, giving insights into the population’s capacity to vector malaria parasites. Because of temperature-dependent shifts in age structure, the abundance of potentially infectious mosquitoes varies temporally, and does not necessarily mirror the dynamics of the total adult population. In addition to conducting the first comprehensive theoretical exploration of fluctuating temperatures on mosquito population dynamics, we analysed observed temperatures at four locations in Africa covering a range of environmental conditions. We found both temperature and precipitation are needed to explain the observed malaria season in these locations, enhancing our understanding of the drivers of malaria seasonality and how temporal disease risk may shift in response to temperature changes. This approach, tracking both mosquito abundance and age structure, may be a powerful tool for understanding current and future malaria risk.

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Duprez, Michel, Romane Hélie, Yannick Privat, and Nicolas Vauchelet. "Optimization of spatial control strategies for population replacement, application to Wolbachia." ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations 27 (2021): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2021070.

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In this article, we are interested in the analysis and simulation of solutions to an optimal control problem motivated by population dynamics issues. In order to control the spread of mosquito-borne arboviruses, the population replacement technique consists in releasing into the environment mosquitoes infected with the Wolbachia bacterium, which greatly reduces the transmission of the virus to the humans. Spatial releases are then sought in such a way that the infected mosquito population invades the uninfected mosquito population. Assuming very high mosquito fecundity rates, we first introduce an asymptotic model on the proportion of infected mosquitoes and then an optimal control problem to determine the best spatial strategy to achieve these releases. We then analyze this problem, including the optimality of natural candidates and carry out first numerical simulations in one dimension of space to illustrate the relevance of our approach.

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Twiddy, S. Susanna, Oliver G. Pybus, and Edward C. Holmes. "Comparative population dynamics of mosquito-borne flaviviruses." Infection, Genetics and Evolution 3, no. 2 (July 2003): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1567-1348(02)00153-3.

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Resmawan, Resmawan, Paian Sianturi, and Endar Hasafah Nugrahani. "The Analysis of SEIRS-SEI Epidemic Models on Malaria with Regard to Human Recovery Rate." Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology 6, no. 3 (December 31, 2017): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/aijst.6.3.9303.

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This article discusses SEIRS-SEI epidemic models on malaria with regard to human recovery rate. SEIRS-SEI in this model is an abbreviation of the population class used in the model, ie Susceptible, Exposed, Infected, and Recovered populations in humans and Susceptible, Exposed, and Infected populations in mosquito. These epidemic models belong to mathematical models which clarify a phenomenon of epidemic transmission of malaria by observing the human recovery rate after being infected and susceptible. Human population falls into four classes, namely susceptible humans, exposed humans, infected humans, and recovered humans. Meanwhile, mosquito population serving as vectors of the disease is divided into three classes, including susceptible mosquitoes, exposed mosquitoes, and infected mosquitoes. Such models are termed SEIRS-SEI epidemic models. Analytical discussion covers model formation, existence and stability of equilibrium points, as well as numerical simulation to find out the influence of human recovery rate on population dynamics of both species. The results show that the fixed point without disease ( ) is stable in condition and unstable in condition . The simulation results show that the given treatment has an influence on the dynamics of the human population and mosquitoes. If the human recovery rate from the infected state becomes susceptible to increased, then the number of infected populations of both species will decrease. As a result, the disease will not spread and within a certain time will disappear from the population.

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Hoshi, Tomonori, Nozomi Imanishi, Kazuhiko Moji, and Luis Fernando Chaves. "Density dependence in a seasonal time series of the bamboo mosquito,Tripteroides bambusa(Diptera: Culicidae)." Canadian Entomologist 149, no. 3 (February 7, 2017): 338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2016.64.

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AbstractThe bamboo mosquito,Tripteroides bambusa(Yamada) (Diptera: Culicidae), is a mosquito species ubiquitous across forested landscapes in Japan. During 2014 we sampled adult mosquitoes from May to November using a sweep net in Nagasaki, Japan. We recorded and managed our field data using Open Data Kit, which eased the overall process of data management before performing their statistical analysis. Here, we analyse the resulting biweekly time series of the bamboo mosquito abundance using time-series statistical techniques. Specifically, we test for density dependence in the population dynamics fitting the Ricker model. Parameter estimates for the Ricker model suggest that the bamboo mosquito is under density dependence regulation and that its population dynamics is stable. Our data also suggest the bamboo mosquito increased its abundance when temperature was more variable at our study site. Further work is warranted to better understand the linkage between the observed density dependence in the adults and the larvae of this mosquito species.

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Balenghien, T., A. Carron, G. Sinègre, and D. J. Bicout. "Mosquito density forecast from flooding: population dynamics model for Aedes caspius (Pallas)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 100, no. 3 (February 22, 2010): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485309990745.

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AbstractInsect population dynamics depend strongly on environmental factors. For floodwater mosquitoes, meteorological conditions are crucial in the rhythm of mosquito abundances. Indeed, rainfall triggers the egg hatching after flooding breeding sites, and temperature controls the duration of the aquatic immature development up to adult emergence.According to this, we have developed a simple mechanistic and tractable model that describes the population dynamics of floodwater mosquitoes as a function only of the most accessible meteorological variables, rainfall and temperature. The model involves three parameters: development duration tdev of the immature aquatic stages, the adult emergence rate function f(t) (characterized by the emergence time scale τ and shaping the profile of adult population abundance), and the depletion rate, α, of adult disappearance.The developed model was subsequently applied to fit experimental field data of the dynamics of Aedes caspius (Pallas), the main pest mosquito in southern France. First, it was found that the emergence rate function of adult mosquitoes very well reproduce experimental data of the dynamics of immature development for all sampled temperatures. The estimated values of tdev and τ both exhibit Arrhenius behaviour as a function of temperature. Second, using the meteorological records of rainfall and temperature as inputs, the model correctly fit data from a two-site CO2 trapping survey conducted in 2004 and 2005. The estimated depletion rates (summation of the mortality and the emigration rates) were found to be a concave quadratic function of temperature with a maximum of 0.5 per days at about 22°C.

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Myer, Mark H., Chelsea M. Fizer, Kenneth R. Mcpherson, Anne C. Neale, Andrew N. Pilant, Arturo Rodriguez, Pai-Yei Whung, and John M. Johnston. "Mapping Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and Aedes albopictus Vector Mosquito Distribution in Brownsville, TX." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 1 (August 10, 2019): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz132.

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Abstract Aedes mosquitoes are vectors of several emerging diseases and are spreading worldwide. We investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) mosquito trap captures in Brownsville, TX, using high-resolution land cover, socioeconomic, and meteorological data. We modeled mosquito trap counts using a Bayesian hierarchical mixed-effects model with spatially correlated residuals. The models indicated an inverse relationship between temperature and mosquito trap counts for both species, which may be due to the hot and arid climate of southern Texas. The temporal trend in mosquito populations indicated Ae. aegypti populations peaking in the late spring and Ae. albopictus reaching a maximum in winter. Our results indicated that seasonal weather variation, vegetation height, human population, and land cover determine which of the two Aedes species will predominate.

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Mapder, Tarunendu, John Aaskov, and Kevin Burrage. "Administration of Defective Virus Inhibits Dengue Transmission into Mosquitoes." Viruses 12, no. 5 (May 18, 2020): 558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12050558.

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The host-vector shuttle and the bottleneck in dengue transmission is a significant aspect with regard to the study of dengue outbreaks. As mosquitoes require 100–1000 times more virus to become infected than human, the transmission of dengue virus from human to mosquito is a vulnerability that can be targeted to improve disease control. In order to capture the heterogeneity in the infectiousness of an infected patient population towards the mosquito population, we calibrate a population of host-to-vector virus transmission models based on an experimentally quantified infected fraction of a mosquito population. Once the population of models is well-calibrated, we deploy a population of controls that helps to inhibit the human-to-mosquito transmission of the dengue virus indirectly by reducing the viral load in the patient body fluid. We use an optimal bang-bang control on the administration of the defective virus (transmissible interfering particles (TIPs)) to symptomatic patients in the course of their febrile period and observe the dynamics in successful reduction of dengue spread into mosquitoes.

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Valdez, L. D., G. J. Sibona, L. A. Diaz, M. S. Contigiani, and C. A. Condat. "Effects of rainfall on Culex mosquito population dynamics." Journal of Theoretical Biology 421 (May 2017): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.03.024.

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Telschow, Arndt, Florian Grziwotz, Philip Crain, Takeshi Miki, James W. Mains, George Sugihara, Stephen L. Dobson, and Chih-hao Hsieh. "Infections of Wolbachia may destabilize mosquito population dynamics." Journal of Theoretical Biology 428 (September 2017): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.05.016.

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Junliang Lu and Jia Li. "DYNAMICS OF STAGE-STRUCTURED DISCRETE MOSQUITO POPULATION MODELS." Journal of Applied Analysis & Computation 1, no. 1 (2011): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.11948/2011005.

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Lumpkin, Will P., Kincade R. Stirek, and Lee A. Dyer. "Macrophyte Diversity and Complexity Reduce Larval Mosquito Abundance." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 4 (February 1, 2020): 1041–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa012.

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Abstract The role of aquatic arthropod diversity and community interactions of larval mosquitoes are important for understanding mosquito population dynamics. We tested the effects of aquatic macrophyte diversity and habitat structural complexity in shaping the predator and competitor invertebrate communities associated with mosquito larvae. Experimental mesocosms were planted with live aquatic macrophytes and allowed to be naturally colonized by local invertebrates. Results indicated a positive effect of macrophyte diversity on competitor diversity and a negative effect on predator diversity. In turn, predator diversity negatively impacted mosquito abundance through a direct effect, while competitor diversity showed an indirect negative effect on mosquito larval abundance through its positive effect on predator diversity. The enhancement of aquatic macrophyte diversity and structural complexity has practical applications for the reduction of mosquito populations in managed systems where complete source elimination is not possible.

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Brown, Heidi E., Alex Young, Joceline Lega, Theodore G. Andreadis, Jessica Schurich, and Andrew Comrie. "Projection of Climate Change Influences on U.S. West Nile Virus Vectors." Earth Interactions 19, no. 18 (December 1, 2015): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/ei-d-15-0008.1.

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Abstract While estimates of the impact of climate change on health are necessary for health care planners and climate change policy makers, models to produce quantitative estimates remain scarce. This study describes a freely available dynamic simulation model parameterized for three West Nile virus vectors, which provides an effective tool for studying vectorborne disease risk due to climate change. The Dynamic Mosquito Simulation Model is parameterized with species-specific temperature-dependent development and mortality rates. Using downscaled daily weather data, this study estimates mosquito population dynamics under current and projected future climate scenarios for multiple locations across the country. Trends in mosquito abundance were variable by location; however, an extension of the vector activity periods, and by extension disease risk, was almost uniformly observed. Importantly, midsummer decreases in abundance may be offset by shorter extrinsic incubation periods, resulting in a greater proportion of infective mosquitoes. Quantitative descriptions of the effect of temperature on the virus and mosquito are critical to developing models of future disease risk.

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Gwalani, Harsha, Faris Hawamdeh, Armin Mikler, and Katherine Xiong. "Modeling the 2013 Zika Outbreak in French Polynesia: Intervention Strategies." Applied System Innovation 1, no. 3 (August 24, 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asi1030031.

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The ongoing Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas has been a serious public health emergency since 2015. Since Zika is a vector-borne disease, the size of the vector population in the affected area plays a key role in controlling the scale of the outbreak. The primary vectors for Zika, the Aedes Agypti and Aedes Albopictus species of mosquitoes, are highly sensitive to climatic conditions for survival and reproduction. Additionally, increased international travel over the years has caused the disease outbreak to turn into a pandemic affecting five continents. The mosquito population and the human travel patterns are the two main driving forces affecting the persistence and resurgence of Zika and other vector-borne diseases. This paper presents an enhanced dynamic model that simulates the 2013–2014 French Polynesia Zika outbreak incorporating the temperature dependent mosquito ecology and the local transit network (flights and ferries). The study highlights the importance of human travel patterns and mosquito population dynamics in a disease outbreak. The results predict that more than 85% of the population was infected by the end of the outbreak and it lasted for more than five months across the islands. The basic reproduction number ( R 0 ) for the outbreak is also calculated using the next-generation-matrix for validation purposes. Additionally, this study is focused on measuring the impact of intervention strategies like reducing the mosquito population, preventing mosquito bites and imposing travel bans. French Polynesia was chosen as the region of interest for the study because of available demographic, climate and transit data. Additionally, results from similar studies for the region are available for validation and comparison. However, the proposed system can be used to study the transmission dynamics of any vector-borne disease in any geographic region by altering the climatic and demographic data, and the transit network.

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Aldila, Dipo, and Hiromi Seno. "A Population Dynamics Model of Mosquito-Borne Disease Transmission, Focusing on Mosquitoes’ Biased Distribution and Mosquito Repellent Use." Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 81, no. 12 (October 8, 2019): 4977–5008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11538-019-00666-1.

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Russell, Tanya L., Dickson W. Lwetoijera, Bart G. J. Knols, Willem Takken, Gerry F. Killeen, and Heather M. Ferguson. "Linking individual phenotype to density-dependent population growth: the influence of body size on the population dynamics of malaria vectors." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, no. 1721 (March 9, 2011): 3142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.0153.

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Understanding the endogenous factors that drive the population dynamics of malaria mosquitoes will facilitate more accurate predictions about vector control effectiveness and our ability to destabilize the growth of either low- or high-density insect populations. We assessed whether variation in phenotypic traits predict the dynamics of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes, the most important vectors of human malaria. Anopheles gambiae dynamics were monitored over a six-month period of seasonal growth and decline. The population exhibited density-dependent feedback, with the carrying capacity being modified by rainfall (97% w AIC c support). The individual phenotypic expression of the maternal ( p = 0.0001) and current ( p = 0.040) body size positively influenced population growth. Our field-based evidence uniquely demonstrates that individual fitness can have population-level impacts and, furthermore, can mitigate the impact of exogenous drivers (e.g. rainfall) in species whose reproduction depends upon it. Once frontline interventions have suppressed mosquito densities, attempts to eliminate malaria with supplementary vector control tools may be attenuated by increased population growth and individual fitness.

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YUSOFF, NURAINI, HARUN BUDIN, and SALEMAH ISMAIL. "STAGE-STRUCTURED POPULATION DYNAMICS OF AEDES AEGYPTI." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 09 (January 2012): 364–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512005430.

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Aedes aegypti is the main vector in the transmission of dengue fever, a vector-borne disease affecting world population living in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Better understanding of the dynamics of its population growth will help in the efforts of controlling the spread of this disease. In looking at the population dynamics of Aedes aegypti, this paper explored the stage-structured modeling of the population growth of the mosquito using the matrix population model. The life cycle of the mosquito was divided into five stages: eggs, larvae, pupae, adult1 and adult2. Developmental rates were obtained for the average Malaysian temperature and these were used in constructing the transition matrix for the matrix model. The model, which was based only on temperature, projected that the population of Aedes aegypti will blow up with time, which is not realistic. For further work, other factors need to be taken into account to obtain a more realistic result.

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Lau, Meng-Jia, Perran A. Ross, and Ary A. Hoffmann. "Infertility and fecundity loss of Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti hatched from quiescent eggs is expected to alter invasion dynamics." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 2 (February 16, 2021): e0009179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009179.

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The endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia shows viral blocking in its mosquito host, leading to its use in arboviral disease control. Releases with Wolbachia strains wMel and wAlbB infecting Aedes aegypti have taken place in several countries. Mosquito egg survival is a key factor influencing population persistence and this trait is also important when eggs are stored prior to releases. We therefore tested the viability of mosquitoes derived from Wolbachia wMel and wAlbB-infected as well as uninfected eggs after long-term storage under diurnal temperature cycles of 11–19°C and 22–30°C. Eggs stored at 11–19°C had higher hatch proportions than those stored at 22–30°C. Adult Wolbachia density declined when they emerged from eggs stored for longer, which was associated with incomplete cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) when wMel-infected males were crossed with uninfected females. Females from stored eggs at both temperatures continued to show perfect maternal transmission of Wolbachia, but storage reduced the fecundity of both wMel and wAlbB-infected females relative to uninfected mosquitoes. Furthermore, we found a very strong negative impact of the wAlbB infection on the fertility of females stored at 22–30°C, with almost 80% of females hatching after 11 weeks of storage being infertile. Our findings provide guidance for storing Wolbachia-infected A. aegypti eggs to ensure high fitness adult mosquitoes for release. Importantly, they also highlight the likely impact of egg quiescence on the population dynamics of Wolbachia-infected populations in the field, and the potential for Wolbachia to suppress mosquito populations through cumulative fitness costs across warm and dry periods, with expected effects on dengue transmission.

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Damos, Petros T., Jesse Dorrestijn, Thomas Thomidis, José Tuells, and Pablo Caballero. "A Temperature Conditioned Markov Chain Model for Predicting the Dynamics of Mosquito Vectors of Disease." Insects 12, no. 8 (August 13, 2021): 725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12080725.

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Understanding and predicting mosquito population dynamics is crucial for gaining insight into the abundance of arthropod disease vectors and for the design of effective vector control strategies. In this work, a climate-conditioned Markov chain (CMC) model was developed and applied for the first time to predict the dynamics of vectors of important medical diseases. Temporal changes in mosquito population profiles were generated to simulate the probabilities of a high population impact. The simulated transition probabilities of the mosquito populations achieved from the trained model are very near to the observed data transitions that have been used to parameterize and validate the model. Thus, the CMC model satisfactorily describes the temporal evolution of the mosquito population process. In general, our numerical results, when temperature is considered as the driver of change, indicate that it is more likely for the population system to move into a state of high population level when the former is a state of a lower population level than the opposite. Field data on frequencies of successive mosquito population levels, which were not used for the data inferred MC modeling, were assembled to obtain an empirical intensity transition matrix and the frequencies observed. Our findings match to a certain degree the empirical results in which the probabilities follow analogous patterns while no significant differences were observed between the transition matrices of the CMC model and the validation data (ChiSq = 14.58013, df = 24, p = 0.9324451). The proposed modeling approach is a valuable eco-epidemiological study. Moreover, compared to traditional Markov chains, the benefit of the current CMC model is that it takes into account the stochastic conditional properties of ecological-related climate variables. The current modeling approach could save costs and time in establishing vector eradication programs and mosquito surveillance programs.

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Wan, Hui, and Huaiping Zhu. "A new model with delay for mosquito population dynamics." Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering 11, no. 6 (2014): 1395–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2014.11.1395.

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Dinh, Emily T. N., and Robert J. Novak. "Diversity and Abundance of Mosquitoes Inhabiting Waste Tires in a Subtropical Swamp in Urban Florida." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 34, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/17-6689.1.

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ABSTRACT Automobile tires discarded in urban forest fragments may be a public health hazard, as they can support a population of vector mosquitoes. However, little is known about what factors may affect mosquito abundance and diversity within waste tires in a freshwater wetland forest. This study aimed to determine whether mosquito population dynamics in this environment in Florida differed over a year due to the site of collection and variation in vegetation greenness and elevation. We constructed negative binomial regression models to determine which of these characteristics were significant (α = 0.05) in affecting mosquito count data. Our findings suggest that in this specific environment, none of the covariates scrutinized had significant impacts on modulating overall mosquito and Aedes albopictus (the dominant species) abundance; waste tire habitats in urban freshwater wetland forests may be a year-round public health hazard.

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Field, Eleanor N., Ryan E. Tokarz, and Ryan C. Smith. "Satellite Imaging and Long-Term Mosquito Surveillance Implicate the Influence of Rapid Urbanization on Culex Vector Populations." Insects 10, no. 9 (August 24, 2019): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10090269.

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The ecology and environmental conditions of a habitat have profound influences on mosquito population abundance. As a result, mosquito species vary in their associations with particular habitat types, yet long-term studies showing how mosquito populations shift in a changing ecological landscape are lacking. To better understand how land use changes influence mosquito populations, we examined mosquito surveillance data over a thirty-four-year period for two contrasting sites in central Iowa. One site displayed increasing levels of urbanization over time and a dramatic decline in Culex pipiens group (an informal grouping of Culex restuans, Culex pipiens, and Culex salinarius, referred to as CPG), the primary vectors of West Nile virus in central Iowa. Similar effects were also shown for other mosquito vector populations, yet the abundance of Aedes vexans remained constant during the study period. This is in contrast to a second site, which reflected an established urban landscape. At this location, there were no significant changes in land use and CPG populations remained constant. Climate data (temperature, total precipitation) were compiled for each location to see if these changes could account for altered population dynamics, but neither significantly influence CPG abundance at the respective site locations. Taken together, our data suggest that increased landscape development can have negative impacts on Culex vector populations, and we argue that long-term surveillance paired with satellite imagery analysis are useful methods for measuring the impacts of rapid human development on mosquito vector communities. As a result, we believe that land use changes can have important implications for mosquito management practices, population modeling, and disease transmission dynamics.

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Chaves, L. F., N. Imanishi, and T. Hoshi. "Population dynamics of Armigeres subalbatus (Diptera: Culicidae) across a temperate altitudinal gradient." Bulletin of Entomological Research 105, no. 5 (June 15, 2015): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485315000474.

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AbstractUnderstanding the impacts of weather fluctuations, and environmental gradients, on the abundance of vectors is fundamental to grasp the dynamic nature of the entomological risk for disease transmission. The mosquito Armigeres subalbatus (Coquillet) is a common vector of filariasis. Nevertheless, its population dynamics have been relatively poorly studied. Here, we present results from a season long study where we studied spatio-temporal abundance patterns of Ar. subalbatus across the altitudinal gradient of Mt. Konpira in Nagasaki, Japan. Spatially, we found that abundance of adult Ar. subalbatus decreased with altitude and increased in areas where the ground was rich in leaf litter. Similarly, adult activity was observed only when relative humidity was over 65%. Temporally, we found that peaks in abundance followed large rainfall events. Nevertheless, this mosquito was under significant density dependence regulation. Our results suggest that Ar. subalbatus population peaks following large rainfall events could reflect the recruitment of individuals that were dormant as dry eggs. We did not find a clear signal of temperature on abundance changes of this mosquito, but only on its phenology. Since ground cover seemed more critical than temperature to its spatial distribution, we propose that this mosquito might have some degree of autonomy to changes in temperature.

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WAN, HUI, and HUAIPING ZHU. "THE IMPACT OF RESOURCE AND TEMPERATURE ON MALARIA TRANSMISSION." Journal of Biological Systems 20, no. 03 (August 22, 2012): 285–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339012500118.

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In this paper, we extend the famous Ross's model to establish a new model for malaria to incorporate the impact of blood meal resources for mosquitoes and temperature on the transmission of malaria. A dynamical analysis for the new model is provided and it is shown that with the new growth rate for mosquitoes, the transmission dynamics of malaria becomes more complex and the Hopf bifurcation may occur which induces sustained oscillations not only in the mosquito population but also in the infected human population. Our results suggest that the abundance of blood meal resource for mosquitoes can be a factor which is important to characterize the transmission dynamics of malaria in a region. The impact of maturation time delay related to temperature changes is also analyzed which suggests that increasing the temperature exacerbates the transmission of malaria.

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Benedito, A. S., C. P. Ferreira, and M. Adimy. "Modeling the dynamics of Wolbachia-infected and uninfected Aedes aegypti populations by delay differential equations." Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena 15 (2020): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mmnp/2020041.

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Starting from an age structured partial differential model, constructed taking into account the mosquito life cycle and the main features of the Wolbachia-infection, we derived a delay differential model using the method of characteristics, to study the colonization and persistence of the Wolbachia-transinfected Aedes aegypti mosquito in an environment where the uninfected wild mosquito population is already established. Under some conditions, the model can be reduced to a Nicholson-type delay differential system; here, the delay represents the duration of mosquito immature phase that comprises egg, larva and pupa. In addition to mortality and oviposition rates characteristic of the life cycle of the mosquito, other biological features such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, bacterial inheritance, and deviation on sex ratio are considered in the model. The model presents three equilibriums: the extinction of both populations, the extinction of Wolbachia-infected population and persistence of uninfected one, and the coexistence. The conditions of existence for each equilibrium are obtained analytically and have been interpreted biologically. It is shown that the increase of the delay can promote, through Hopf bifurcation, stability switch towards instability for the nonzero equilibriums. Overall, when the delay increases and crosses predetermined thresholds, the populations go to extinction.

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YANG, H. M., M. L. G. MACORIS, K. C. GALVANI, M. T. M. ANDRIGHETTI, and D. M. V. WANDERLEY. "Assessing the effects of temperature on the population of Aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue." Epidemiology and Infection 137, no. 8 (February 4, 2009): 1188–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268809002040.

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SUMMARYDengue is a vector-borne disease transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. The incidence of dengue disease shows a clear dependence on seasonal variation. How does the temperature affect the incidence? We addressed this question indirectly by estimating the size of the A. aegypti population for different temperatures applying population dynamics theory. In order to achieve this objective we designed temperature-controlled experiments to assess the entomological parameters regarding the mosquito's life-cycle at different temperatures. By obtaining the mortality, transition and oviposition rates for different stages of the life-cycle of the mosquito we were able to calculate the basic offspring number Q0, which is the capacity of vector reproduction and ultimately gives the size of the vector population.

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Cook, Cameron, Annastashia Blesi, Samantha Brozak, Suzanne Lenhart, Hanna Reed, Cassandra Urquhart, Abelardo Moncayo, and Rebecca Trout Fryxell. "La Crosse virus spread within the mosquito population in Knox County, TN." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 16, 2021): e0249811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249811.

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In Appalachia, La Crosse virus (LACV) is a leading pediatric arbovirus and public health concern for children under 16 years. LACV is transmitted via the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. Thus, it is imperative to understand the dynamics of the local vector population in order to assess risk and transmission. Using entomological data collected from Knox County, Tennessee in 2013, we formulate an environmentally-driven system of ordinary differential equations to model mosquito population dynamics over a single season. Further, we include infected compartments to represent LACV transmission within the mosquito population. Findings suggest that the model, with dependence on degree days and accumulated precipitation, can closely describe field data. This model confirms the need to include these environmental variables when planning control strategies.

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Hall-Mendelin, Sonja, Alyssa T. Pyke, Ana L. Ramirez, Kyran M. Staunton, Peter Burtonclay, Jamie McMahon, Jean Barcelon, and Andrew F. van den Hurk. "Infection, Dissemination, and Replication of Urban and Sylvatic Strains of Dengue Virus Type 2 (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus) in Australian Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)." Journal of Medical Entomology 58, no. 3 (January 18, 2021): 1412–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa292.

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Abstract The dengue viruses (DENVs) occur throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world where they infect 100s of millions of people annually. In Australia, the dengue receptive zone is confined to the northern state of Queensland where the principal vector Aedes aegypti (L.) is present. In the current study, two populations of Ae. aegypti from north Queensland were exposed to two urban outbreak strains and one sylvatic strain of dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2). The titer of virus required to infect 50% of mosquitoes was between 105 and 106 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID)50/ml and was influenced by the combination of the origin of Ae. aegypti population and virus strain. When exposed to infectious bloodmeal titers > 106 TCID50/ml, infection and dissemination rates were all > 50% and were significantly affected by the origin of the mosquito population but not by the strain of DENV-2. Replication of DENV-2 was also significantly affected by the mosquito population and the titer of the infectious bloodmeal that mosquitoes were exposed to. The results of this study are discussed in the context of DENV transmission dynamics in northern Australia and the relative fitness of the sylvatic virus strain in urban Ae. aegypti populations.

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Annan, Kodwo. "Time-Scale Analysis of Malaria Dynamics in Human-Mosquito Population." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mathematics 3, no. 2 (2017): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtam.20170302.17.

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Mann Manyombe, M. L., B. Tsanou, J. Mbang, and S. Bowong. "A metapopulation model for the population dynamics of anopheles mosquito." Applied Mathematics and Computation 307 (August 2017): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2017.02.039.

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Shaman, Jeffrey, Marc Spiegelman, Mark Cane, and Marc Stieglitz. "A hydrologically driven model of swamp water mosquito population dynamics." Ecological Modelling 194, no. 4 (April 2006): 395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.10.037.

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Leleury, Zeth A. "KENDALI OPTIMAL PADA MODEL DINAMIK EPIDEMI DENGUE MENGGUNAKAN MISER3." BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan 6, no. 2 (December 2, 2012): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol6iss2pp17-21.

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Dengue fever is an infectious tropical disease caused by the Dengue virus. Dengue haemorrhagic fever constitute a substantial health burden on world's population. In thisresearch, an application of optimal control theory to Dengue epidemics using MISER3 was presented. The dynamic model is described by a set of nonlinear ordinary differentialequations, that depend on the dynamics of the Dengue mosquito, the number of infected individuals, and people's motivation to combat the mosquito. The cost functional dependsnot only on the costs of medical treatment of the infected people but also on the costs related to educational and sanitation campaigns. We observe that with currentcomputational tools it is easy to obtain, in an efficient way, better solutions to Dengue problems, leading to a decrease in the number of infected mosquitoes and individuals inless time and with lower costs.

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Vincent, Geoffrey P., Justin K. Davis, Matthew J. Wittry, Michael C. Wimberly, Chris D. Carlson, Denise L. Patton, and Michael B. Hildreth. "Epidemic West Nile Virus Infection Rates and Endemic Population Dynamics Among South Dakota Mosquitoes: A 15-yr Study from the United States Northern Great Plains." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 3 (December 4, 2019): 862–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz231.

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Abstract Mosquito surveillance has been conducted across South Dakota (SD) to record and track potential West Nile virus (WNV) vectors since 2004. During this time, communities from 29 counties collected nearly 5.5 million mosquitoes, providing data from over 60,000 unique trapping nights. The nuisance mosquito, Aedes vexans (Meigen) was the most abundant species in the state (39.9%), and most abundant in most regions. The WNV vector, Culex tarsalis Coquillett (Diptera: Culicidae), was the second most abundant species (20.5%), and 26 times more abundant than the other Culex species that also transmit WNV. However, geographic variation did exist between WNV vector species, as well as relative abundance of vector and nuisance mosquitoes. The abundance of Ae. vexans decreased from east to west in South Dakota, resulting in an increase in the relative abundance of Cx. tarsalis. Other species are reported in this study, with various relative abundances throughout the different regions of South Dakota. WNV infection rates of mosquitoes showed that Cx. tarsalis had the most positive sampling pools and the highest vector index of all the species tested. This study addressed the need for an updated summary of the predominant mosquito species present in the United States Northern Great Plain and provides infection rate data for WNV among these predominant species.

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Wu, Sean L., Jared B. Bennett, Héctor M. Sánchez C., Andrew J. Dolgert, Tomás M. León, and John M. Marshall. "MGDrivE 2: A simulation framework for gene drive systems incorporating seasonality and epidemiological dynamics." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 5 (May 21, 2021): e1009030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009030.

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Interest in gene drive technology has continued to grow as promising new drive systems have been developed in the lab and discussions are moving towards implementing field trials. The prospect of field trials requires models that incorporate a significant degree of ecological detail, including parameters that change over time in response to environmental data such as temperature and rainfall, leading to seasonal patterns in mosquito population density. Epidemiological outcomes are also of growing importance, as: i) the suitability of a gene drive construct for release will depend on its expected impact on disease transmission, and ii) initial field trials are expected to have a measured entomological outcome and a modeled epidemiological outcome. We present MGDrivE 2 (Mosquito Gene Drive Explorer 2): a significant development from the MGDrivE 1 simulation framework that investigates the population dynamics of a variety of gene drive architectures and their spread through spatially-explicit mosquito populations. Key strengths and fundamental improvements of the MGDrivE 2 framework are: i) the ability of parameters to vary with time and induce seasonal population dynamics, ii) an epidemiological module accommodating reciprocal pathogen transmission between humans and mosquitoes, and iii) an implementation framework based on stochastic Petri nets that enables efficient model formulation and flexible implementation. Example MGDrivE 2 simulations are presented to demonstrate the application of the framework to a CRISPR-based split gene drive system intended to drive a disease-refractory gene into a population in a confinable and reversible manner, incorporating time-varying temperature and rainfall data. The simulations also evaluate impact on human disease incidence and prevalence. Further documentation and use examples are provided in vignettes at the project’s CRAN repository. MGDrivE 2 is freely available as an open-source R package on CRAN (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=MGDrivE2). We intend the package to provide a flexible tool capable of modeling gene drive constructs as they move closer to field application and to infer their expected impact on disease transmission.

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Vujic, A., A. Stefanovic, I. Dragicevic, T. Matijevic, L. Pejcic, M. Knezevic, D. Krasic, and S. Veselic. "Species composition and seasonal dynamics of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in flooded areas of Vojvodina, Serbia." Archives of Biological Sciences 62, no. 4 (2010): 1193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1004193v.

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Three years of sampling (2007-2009) of adult mosquitoes in the area of Vojvodina (Serbia) by dry ice baited CDC traps has provided information on mosquito species composition, prevalence and seasonal activity. A total of 58,247 adult mosquitoes were collected comprising twenty species belonging to the following genera: Anopheles Meigen (Diptera: Culicidae), Aedes Meigen, Culex L, Culiseta Felt and Mansonia Blanchard. The seven most common species collected during this study were: Culex pipiens L. complex (35.6%), Aedes vexans (Meigen) (33.4%), Aedes sticticus (Meigen) (15.2%), Anopheles maculipennis Meigen complex (4%), Mansonia richiardii (Ficalbi) (3.8%), Aedes cinereus Meigen (3.6%), Aedes pulchritarsis (Rondani) (3%) which made up 98% of all specimens. Seasonal population dynamics differed between years and between mosquito species in relation to wetland, urban and forest habitats, and was primarily influenced by the water level of the Danube, Sava and Tisa rivers, precipitation and temperature.

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Li, Ruiyun, Lei Xu, Ottar N. Bjørnstad, Keke Liu, Tie Song, Aifang Chen, Bing Xu, Qiyong Liu, and Nils C. Stenseth. "Climate-driven variation in mosquito density predicts the spatiotemporal dynamics of dengue." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 9 (February 11, 2019): 3624–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1806094116.

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Dengue is a climate-sensitive mosquito-borne disease with increasing geographic extent and human incidence. Although the climate–epidemic association and outbreak risks have been assessed using both statistical and mathematical models, local mosquito population dynamics have not been incorporated in a unified predictive framework. Here, we use mosquito surveillance data from 2005 to 2015 in China to integrate a generalized additive model of mosquito dynamics with a susceptible–infected–recovered (SIR) compartmental model of viral transmission to establish a predictive model linking climate and seasonal dengue risk. The findings illustrate that spatiotemporal dynamics of dengue are predictable from the local vector dynamics, which in turn, can be predicted by climate conditions. On the basis of the similar epidemiology and transmission cycles, we believe that this integrated approach and the finer mosquito surveillance data provide a framework that can be extended to predict outbreak risk of other mosquito-borne diseases as well as project dengue risk maps for future climate scenarios.

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Xu, Lei, Leif C. Stige, Kung-Sik Chan, Jie Zhou, Jun Yang, Shaowei Sang, Ming Wang, et al. "Climate variation drives dengue dynamics." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 1 (December 9, 2016): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1618558114.

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Dengue, a viral infection transmitted between people by mosquitoes, is one of the most rapidly spreading diseases in the world. Here, we report the analyses covering 11 y (2005–2015) from the city of Guangzhou in southern China. Using the first 8 y of data to develop an ecologically based model for the dengue system, we reliably predict the following 3 y of dengue dynamics—years with exceptionally extensive dengue outbreaks. We demonstrate that climate conditions, through the effects of rainfall and temperature on mosquito abundance and dengue transmission rate, play key roles in explaining the temporal dynamics of dengue incidence in the human population. Our study thus contributes to a better understanding of dengue dynamics and provides a predictive tool for preventive dengue reduction strategies.

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Yiga, Victor, Hasifa Nampala, and Julius Tumwiine. "Analysis of the Model on the Effect of Seasonal Factors on Malaria Transmission Dynamics." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2020 (December 19, 2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8885558.

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Malaria is one of the world’s most prevalent epidemics. Current control and eradication efforts are being frustrated by rapid changes in climatic factors such as temperature and rainfall. This study is aimed at assessing the impact of temperature and rainfall abundance on the intensity of malaria transmission. A human host-mosquito vector deterministic model which incorporates temperature and rainfall dependent parameters is formulated. The model is analysed for steady states and their stability. The basic reproduction number is obtained using the next-generation method. It was established that the mosquito population depends on a threshold value θ , defined as the number of mosquitoes produced by a female Anopheles mosquito throughout its lifetime, which is governed by temperature and rainfall. The conditions for the stability of the equilibrium points are investigated, and it is shown that there exists a unique endemic equilibrium which is locally and globally asymptotically stable whenever the basic reproduction number exceeds unity. Numerical simulations show that both temperature and rainfall affect the transmission dynamics of malaria; however, temperature has more influence.

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Oliva, Luciana, Roseli La Corte, Marcelo Santana, and Cleide Albuquerque. "Quiescence in Aedes aegypti: Interpopulation Differences Contribute to Population Dynamics and Vectorial Capacity." Insects 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects9030111.

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The strategy of Aedes aegypti to prolong embryonic viability by quiescence has severe implications for geographic expansion and maintenance of mosquito populations in areas under control measures. We evaluated the effects of quiescence on biological parameters directly or indirectly associated with population dynamics and vectorial capacity in populations of this mosquito species from two Brazilian municipalities characterized as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika transmission areas. Egg viability, initial hatching time, post-embryonic development time, adult emergence rate, sexual proportion, adult size, fecundity, and fertility were analyzed using eggs stored for 10, 40, 70, 100, 130, and 160 d. Quiescence time reduced overall egg viability and post-embryonic development time in both municipalities but was more costly in Aracaju (100 d, 8 d) than in Recife (130 d, 7.5 d). Emergence rates increased in Recife when the eggs were older, but not in Aracaju. Significant deviations in sexual proportion, with male predominance, were observed in both populations. Initial hatch, fecundity, fertility, and adult size did not significantly influence egg quiescence time. These results indicate intrinsic and differential characteristics for each A. aegypti population, suggesting a differential cost of quiescence for population dynamics parameters that can indirectly affect vectorial capacity and control measures.

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Sagar, Surendra Kumar. "SIR-SI Mathematical Model for Zika Virus Progression Dynamics in India: A Case Study." Journal of Communicable Diseases 53, no. 02 (June 30, 2021): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202132.

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Viral diseases are very hazardous for humanity because in the case of most viral diseases, drugs are not effective. At present, the whole world is living with the fear of COVID-19. From time to time, several viral diseases have been troubling human life. In this article, we have tried to capture the progression dynamics of Zika Virus (ZIKV) infection in the Indian scenario. A constructed model is based on compartment modelling. In the model, Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) structure is used for the human population and Susceptible-Infected (SI) structure is used for mosquito population. The value of the basic reproduction number (R0) is computed 0.36 at baseline values of parameters involved in the model. The lower value of R0 suggests that infection was unable to spread in the human population. Sensitive analysis for R0 revealed that the most accountable parameter in the spread of infection was mosquito biting rate. The modelling technique might be useful for other diseases also.

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Duquesne, Sabine, and Matthias Liess. "Indirect Effects of Pesticides on Mosquito Larvae Via Alterations of Community Structure." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 56, no. 3-4 (May 6, 2010): 433–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/ijee.56.3-4.433.

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We describe how pesticides used for mosquito control alter communities in mosquito breeding sites, and how these alterations affect larval populations of mosquitoes. Lethal and sublethal toxic effects modify biological interactions through density- and trait-mediated changes. Density-mediated effects due to pesticide treatment can lead to indirect positive effects on the target species. For example, recolonization of pests can be amplified due to disturbances of antagonistic species. Trait-mediated effects can result in lethal effects of originally sublethal exposure when the pesticide is combined with additional stress. Such lethal effects can result from changes of behavior or sensitivity. Also the immune capacity and resistance of individuals to parasitic infection could be decreased. Furthermore, pesticide treatment can act independently of toxic effects. For example, habitat and oviposition site selection can be influenced. These examples highlight the diversity of processes to be considered when determining the overall consequences of pesticide treatment. We show that a better understanding of these processes is needed to predict effects of pesticides on population dynamics. Such knowledge would have direct benefits in designing mosquito control strategies.

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Siwiendrayanti, Arum, Sutrisno Anggoro, and Nurjazuli Nurjazuli. "Literature review: The contribution of mangrove ecosystem condition to mosquito population." E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020): 05016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020205016.

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Previous studies indicated that coastal areas are vulnerable for mosquito-borne diseases. Socio-economic limitations and tidal flooding result in sanitation problems for coastal settlements. Mangrove ecosystems grow on tropical and subtropical coastal areas which can be mosquito breeding and resting places. This study aimed to explore the evidence of the contribution of mangrove ecosystem conditions to mosquito population through a literature review. Articles collection was done by using Scopus, SpringerLink and EBSCO databases. The inclusion criteria in selecting articles to be reviewed are publications in 2010-2020 and containing the words "mangrove" and "mosquito" in the tittle. The exclusion criteria were article in press status, review form (non-original research), retracted status, and the unrelated topics. It was obtained 6 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Evidence of the association between the dynamics of the mangrove ecosystem and mosquito density is inconsistent. Following future study is needed to confirm and clarify the results of this review, using methodologies and confounding controls that are appropriate both epidemiologically, spatially, and experimentally.

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Vonesh, James R., and Leon Blaustein. "Predator-Induced Shifts in Mosquito Oviposition Site Selection: A Meta-Analysis and Implications for Vector Control." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 56, no. 3-4 (May 6, 2010): 263–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/ijee.56.3-4.263.

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The global resurgence and emergence of new mosquito-borne diseases and increasing resistance of mosquitoes to chemical pesticides have prompted renewed interest in biocontrol methods that use aquatic predators of mosquito larvae. For disease vectors with complex life cycles, like mosquitoes, in which adults are terrestrial and choose aquatic habitats in which to deposit their offspring, shifts in oviposition site selection may have important consequences for vector population dynamics and epidemiology. While there have been numerous studies of mosquito oviposition site selection, methodology and results vary, making it difficult to evaluate the general importance of predator-induced shifts in oviposition site selection for biocontrol scenarios. Here we use meta-analysis to provide a quantitative framework for examining variation in mosquito oviposition responses to predators. Overall, we find a broad pattern of predator avoidance among mosquito and predator taxa. The primary factor explaining variation in oviposition response appears to be taxonomic and/or life-history related—avoidance is weakest or non-existent inAedesspecies that oviposit eggs above water in container habitats. Responses also varied among predators. Generally, oviposition avoidance was strongest in response to fish and insects, weak or nonexistent in response to notostracans, urodeles, or dipterans, and there is limited evidence that some mosquitoes are attracted to cyclopoid crustaceans. Our results highlight that predator avoidance during oviposition is common, but not ubiquitous, in mosquitoes and needs to be considered when evaluating the likely efficacy of aquatic predators for biocontrol.

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Chuang, Ting-Wu, Geoffrey M. Henebry, John S. Kimball, Denise L. VanRoekel-Patton, Michael B. Hildreth, and Michael C. Wimberly. "Satellite microwave remote sensing for environmental modeling of mosquito population dynamics." Remote Sensing of Environment 125 (October 2012): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.07.018.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mosquito population dynamics'

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