Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Moteurs Stirling'
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LEMRANI, ALAOUI HASSAN. "Modelisation energetique des moteurs stirling." Paris, ENMP, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENMP0567.
Full textBonnet, Sébastien. "Moteurs thermiques à apport de chaleur externe : étude d'un moteur Stirling et d'un moteur Ericsson." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00110117.
Full textCette thèse porte tout d'abord sur l'étude d'un petit moteur Stirling sur lequel nous avons mesuré la température instantanée et la pression instantanée en différents points. Les résultats tout à fait originaux obtenus ont été confrontés aux résultats issus de deux analyses différentes. Nous avons conclu à l'inadéquation de ces modèles.
Ensuite, nous avons étudié un système de micro-cogénération basé sur un moteur Ericsson couple à un système de combustion de gaz naturel. Un moteur Ericsson est une machine alternative fonctionnant selon un cycle thermodynamique de JOULE. L'objectif de ce système est de produire 11 kW de puissance électrique ainsi que de la chaleur utile. Dans le but de dimensionner ce système, nous avons réalisé des études énergétique, exergétique et exergo-économique de cet ensemble.
Martaj, Nadia. "Modélisation énergétique et exergétique, simulation et optimisation des moteurs Stirling à faible différence de températures : confrontations avec l'expérience." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100184.
Full textStirling engines are "hot air" engines to which heat is provided from an outside source. Able of great flexibility and of any heat source use, they are an alternative, to be taken into account within the sustainable development perspective, for the effective conversion of waste heat or solar- or bio- energies into mechanical work. Their theoretical efficiency equal to Carnot efficiency and their ability to work with small temperature differences between their two heat reservoirs (“Low Temperature Differential”, LTD) enable them to recover and convert waste heat issued from industrial processes and thermal machines into mechanical work. Their geometrical configuration can be very simple : 2 variable closed volumes only connected by a duct. The aim of this thesis is the study of the LTD Stirling engine, particularly its modeling, its simulation (0-D, 1-D or 2-D), its optimization and the comparison with the experimental results. This study was decomposed as follows : - an energy analysis of the cycle of the Stirling engine with infinite reservoirs (constant temperatures of the hot source and cold sink), accordingly to the finite scale thermodynamics (FScT) methods, was carried out and extended to an optimization with physical constraints (pmax, Vmax, Tmax, …). Characteristic numbers, dimensioned or not, were put to evidence. - an energy, entropy and exergy analysis of the heat exchangers, hot and cold separately, and, then, of the whole engine is presented. This new analysis was carried out, once more accordingly to the finite scale thermodynamics methods, by considering finite reservoirs. Models for the engine optimization are developed, with a constraint on the total heat transfer surface of the exchangers. The used approach makes it possible to highlight the influence of the finite surface and finite capacities of the exchangers on the optimum of the engine operation characteristics and on the optimal distribution of the heat- transferring surface between the heat exchangers. - a 0-D numerical model describing the evolution of the internal variables (pressure, volumes, masses, exchanged energies, irreversibilities…) as function of the crankshaft angle was developed, in the case of an LTD engine, in accordance to Schmidt assumptions : constant temperature in hot and cold volumes and instantaneous uniform gas pressure. This model gives the energy-, entropy- and exergy balance in the three spaces : hot expansion volume, cold compression volume and regenerator. - a satisfying 1-D dynamic modeling was done with the help of a commercial software (AMESim), and, this time, without any restrictive assumption on the temperatures and pressures. - a more complete 2-D simulation of energy-, mass- and momentum transfer of the compressible working-gas flow was carried out using a multiphysics software (COMSOL) for this LTD Stirling engine assuming a null regeneration. This analysis enabled us to obtain the instantaneous values of the local variables in steady-state operation mode : pressure, temperature, speed and volume. - the results of the 0-D, 1-D and 2-D models were compared with the experimental results obtained from an actual engine of our laboratory. We thus concluded there is a good correlation between the results obtained from these models, particularly the 1-D model, and those of the experiments. Furthermore, 2 heat transfer regimes were detected depending on the speed of revolution and equations were proposed to represent them
Bert, Juliette. "Contribution à l'étude de la valorisation des rejets thermiques : étude et optimisation de moteurs Stirling." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00862454.
Full textLi, Ruijie. "Applications of Stirling engine in sustainable development : context-experimental and numerical study." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100066/document.
Full textIn this work a solar powered low temperature difference Gamma type Stirling engine has been studied experimentally and numerically using an isothermal model coupled with various losses and using an objective optimization. A new model named Polytropic Stirling Model with Losses (PSML) has been proposed which was applied to the Beta type GPU-3 Stirling engine. An Alpha type integral Stirling cryocooler has been studied numerically using an isothermal model with losses. To study a Gamma type Stirling engine of our laboratory, an isothermal model coupled with finite speed method has been developed, including mass and energy balances through different spaces of the engine. The engine is divided into 3 volumes: compression volume, regeneration volume, and expansion volume. Different kind of thermal and mechanical losses have been considered in the model, in order to analyze thermodynamic processes and losses in the Stirling Engine. In addition, parameter effects on the performance of the solar powered gamma type Stirling engine have also been studied experimentally and numerically. The comparison between the experimental results and the simulation results at different phase shift between the displacer and the piston, and at different piston stroke shows that the model is convincing to predict the Stirling engine performance. Based on the Finite Physical Dimensional Thermodynamic method, a multi-objective genetic method considering output power, thermal efficiency and entropy generating rate as objective functions simultaneously, has been used to multi-objective optimize the Gamma type Stirling engine. Comparing with the ecological optimization method, the multi-objective method can better balance the three objective goals. The new model (PSML) proposed in the thesis for predicting performance of Beta or Gamma type of Stirling engine divides the working space into 5 parts (compression volume, cooler, regenerator, heater, and expansion volume). A bypass linking compression volume and expansion volume has been added in the classic adiabatic model of Stirling engine. Thus, polytropic processes have been considered in the compression and expansion volumes of the Stirling engine. The GPU-3 Stirling engine has been used to validate the new model. It was shown that the new model (PSML) predict well the output power and the thermal efficiency of the engine well. An isothermal model considering various losses was developed and presented in the last part of this thesis to study an Alpha type Stirling cryocooler, whose geometrical dimensions were measured in our laboratory. The compression and expansion volumes are supposed to be isothermal, the variation of the regenerator temperature is supposed to be linear. Energy and exergy balances of the cryocooler were developed. The effect of various parameters on the cryocooler performance (cooling power and input power) are investigated. The simulation results for PPG-102 Stirling cryocooler were compared with two other simulation results of the literature and with experimental results which indicated that this model is convincing to predict the performance of the Stirling cyocooler
Lanzetta, François. "Etude des transferts de chaleur instationnaires au sein d'une machine frigorifique de stirling." Besançon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BESA2014.
Full textThis report describes the results of an experimental study of instationary heat fluxes which occur in a refrigerating Stirling machine. A theoretical model is developed to establish a design concept of the machine. Calibration methods are presented to determine dynamical characteristics of pressure and temperature transducers. Heat transfer between gas and differents volume elements of the machine is described. A local monodimensional method analyses heat fluxes in term of complex Nusselt number and shows that heat flux is out of phase with bulk gas-wall temperature difference. The first law for an open thermodynamic system is applied to the three volumes of the machine and determine the performances of it. Data from the experimental setup are compared to the different theoretical results and show that optimal performances are obtained for high pressure level, high regenerator efficiency and low dead space volume. The optimal phase lag between expansion and compression volumes is 60ʿ to achieve best performances
Dellali, Emna. "Étude théorique et expérimentale des écoulements oscillants alternés d’un gaz au sein de micro et milli-régénérateurs de moteur Stirling." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD023.
Full textThe present work presents a thermofluidic study of a Stirling engine regenerator both at the micro and millimeter scales within the framework of the MISTIC (Micro Stirling Clusters) project financed by the ANR. The studied thermal regenerator allows to limit external energy supply to the system by recycling the heat rejected during the thermodynamic cycle. It is composed of a staggered-pillars matrix crossed by an oscillatory gas flow. The design of the miniature structures of the regenerator was conditioned by the chosen manufacturing process. The micro-regenerator design was conditioned by the chosen manufacturing process. The investigated porosities vary between ε = 0.8 and 0.9 for a shape factor equal to F.F = 0.3. The numerical simulations and experimental results for both prototype scales highlight the effects of the porosity, the piston stroke, the gas flow frequencies and the thermal gradient on the regenerator thermofluidic performances. Besides, correlations of the pressure loss coefficient were established and confronted with those available in the literature. We also calculated the pumping power required during a thermal cycle which depends on the porosity, the piston stroke as well as the gas flow frequency. The calculation of thermal efficiencies of the regenerator was led on both phases of heat store and heat refund. We established a decrease of the thermal efficiency according to the number of Reynolds, no concluding results were obtained for the effect of the porosity. A rough estimation of the figure of merit showed an increase of the pressure drop to thermal heat loss ratio according to an increasing Reynolds number of the gas flow
Tardieu, Alaphilippe Muriel. "Recherche d'un nouveau procédé de conversion thermodynamique de l'énergie solaire, en vue de son application à la cogénération de petite puissance." Pau, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PAUU3036.
Full textNowadays, in our energy and environmental context, one of our major problems is the development of "clean" energy solutions. The subject of this thesis consists in the research of a new solution of thermodynamic solar energy conversion, in order to produce low power electricity (< 50 kW) adapted to cogeneration. The technology has to be simple and suitable for developing countries. The system must be able to become a challenge to the existing processes: i. E. Photovoltaïc or dish Stirling systems. A general classification of small size power system, realized from a "karyotype", allows to list the possible solutions for solar energy conversion. The system finally chosen is based on the coupling of an Ericsson engine in opened cycle with a simple parabolic trough collector. A first theoretical analysis of the energetic and exergetic performances of the system is completed by an analysis of the power plant performances during a real period of sunshine, with and without thermal storage, then for two locations, the first one in France, the other in Algeria. These analyses lead to the sizing of the system and the evaluation of the monthly and annual daily performances. Finally an experimental analysis allows to characterize the thermal transfers in the parabolic trough solar collector
Lanciaux, Nicolas. "Contribution au développement d'un moteur Stirling : de la cogénération dans le bâtiment à l'autonomie énergétique." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2014EVRY0052/document.
Full textAfter a state-of-the art presentation on achievements, analytical and numerical models of the Stirlingengine, we analyze the possible applications of this engine which allows describing the context of thisthesis : the cogeneration.Historical elements of the bibliography show that the regenerator is a key element on which we canwork to improve the performance of a Stirling engine.After that we make a proposal for engine design that is potentially able to make improvements on threekey challenges in designing such an engine.One of the three elements is the regenerator, named here sharer.Further work shows the potential benefit that the sharer could bring on the engine performance.A double assessment of the effect of the sharer using an analytical model and a numerical model isthen carried out. We precisely describe the basics of these models and propose modifications.The conclusion is not only an assessment of results but it offers original insights that could go beyondwhat can be done now in mechanical engineering
Gheith, Ramla. "Etude expérimentale et théorique des moteurs Stirling à apport de chaleur externe : application aux machines de types Bêta et Gamma." Nantes, 2011. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=b34f6a93-58df-4c78-9358-5d3fc2d9c183.
Full textSalquebre, Quentin. "Développement d'un modèle de prédimensionnement d'un ensemble alternateur - machine Stirling à pistons libres." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT015/document.
Full textThough the Stirling engine was invented two centuries ago, it has never really grown to a fully marketable level. The current energy context has renewed the interest in this engine. Their ability to work with any external source of heat allow them to be associated with renewable energy such as solar energy. Beyond its ecological benefits, the invention of the free piston Stirling engine by W. Beale at the end of the 1960’s further increased the interest in Stirling engines. This novel structure allows the engine to operate without mechanical interface between pistons, which are driven entirely by the gas or other spring forces. In such engines, the pistons kinematics and the system thermodynamics are intimately coupled, thus increasing the complexity of the complete system computer modelling.This PhD presents an innovative technique to model a free piston Stirling engine that takes into account the coupling between the system thermodynamics and the mechanical response of the free pistons. This technique has been named LHA5V standing for Linear Harmonic Analysis 5 Volumes. It consists in splitting the engine in five open sub-systems: the compression and expansion spaces, the heater, the cooler and the regenerator. We hypothesize that the state variables are periodic, and the model then determines the variations of their mean, amplitude and phase values in order to satisfy the mass and energy conservation equations. This PhD also presents a model for a linear electric alternator, which can be coupled to the power piston. This electrical model is based on an analytical calculation of the thrust between the stator and the magnets. Magnetic flux and induction in the iron are determined by a carefully tuned reluctance network.Both thermal and electrical models have been designed to optimize both computing time and accuracy. The models generated have systematically been compared to experimental data or finite element analysis, with satisfactory results
Diallo, Alpha Dassimou. "Contribution à la conception et à la réalisation d'une micro-machine thermique à cycle de Stirling." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCD035.
Full textIn France, it is estimated that more than 27 TWh of heat at a temperature between 100 and 200°C is lost each year. The recovery of this lost heat is therefore an important issue in reducing overall energy consumption. Heat recovery can be done using Stirling machines, which are reversible thermodynamic machines that convert heat into mechanical motion, which could then be converted into electricity from two sufficiently different temperature sources. The recovery of the heat produced by electronic systems could be done with a miniaturized Stirling machine capable of producing electricity from any heat source. Such a micro-machine can also operate in "refrigerator" mode (transporting heat from a hot source to a cold source through mechanical work) and could be used to cool electronic components. The energy efficiency of Stirling machines can reach 38% (with a hot source at 200°C) and their maintenance is considered minimal. However, no Stirling machine has yet been demonstrated with a volume of less than one cubic centimeter. In 2015, a three-phase Stirling micromachine architecture that can be miniaturized using MEMS technologies has been proposed and successfully tested in macro-volume (with a size of about twenty centimeters). The present thesis work was devoted to the miniaturization of this new Stirling micromachine concept for heat recovery between 50 and 200°C, using MEMS technologies. This approach would allow the simultaneous fabrication of large quantities of micro-machines and thus the possible creation of micromachine networks at low cost per watt of electricity produced. The studied micromachines are made up of a stack of silicon and glass wafers. Their design challenges have been studied in detail and their expected mechanical output power has been estimated. The necessary manufacturing processes were developed and the characterization of each element was carried out prior to assembly. In particular, they include hybrid membranes 5 mm in diameter and 200 microns thick that act as micro-volume pistons and are key elements of the machine. These membranes are made up of silicon parts (spirals and discs) embedded in a flexible silicone elastomer membrane whose mechanical properties have therefore been studied in detail. Numerical simulations of the mechanical and dynamic behavior of these hybrid membranes were presented. The agreement between the numerical simulations and the characterizations was considered to be very satisfactory. These membranes proved to be very robust and the displacement of their center can reach 1 to 2 mm without damage. Their resonance frequencies range from 850 Hz to 2800 Hz and it was shown that they can operate at 200°C without aging. In addition, the optimization of a gold thermocompression assembly process has resulted in tensile breaking stresses of about 20-30 MPa, among the best reported in the literature. Prototype of 20x20x8mm three-phase micromachines were assembled, but their operation in motor mode could not be observed, even for a temperature difference of 100°C. However, when magnets were inserted to induce the displacement of the membranes by electromagnetic excitation, it was possible to observe an encouraging cooling effect. As a result of the work carried out, the main basic elements are now available and should allow further optimization under much more favorable conditions
Costea, Monica. "Augmentation des performances des échangeurs de chaleur en vue de l'optimisation thermodynamique de la machine de Stirling ; transfert de chaleur en régime instationnaire en milieu poreux." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10184.
Full textMathieu, Antoine. "Contribution à la conception et à l'optimisation thermodynamique d'une microcentrale solaire thermo-électrique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0027/document.
Full textAs a new millenium begins, 1.4 Billion people worldwide earn less than 2 dollars daily and have no access to the power grid. The need of electric power of these people represent small energy amounts but is very important regarding to the usage : acces to healthcare and education, communication, local economic development. In reponse to the situation, since 2009, Schneider Electric Industries takes up the challenge to design and realize micro solar power plants, competitive with other solutions, to supply these people with reliable and environment-friendly electricity. Dealing with this project, this work has been realized under contract, so it follows the development sequence of the industrial project. The first part is a State of the Art of the actual solar thermodynamical technologies. This task is extended to a qualitative evaluation of various technologies, as a contribution to select adapted technologies: concentrating solar thermal receivers, sensible heat thermal storage and Stirling engine. The secon step is a preliminary thermodynamics analysis of the whole system, that allowed to evaluate key features: the size of the solar receivers area, the thermal storage volume, and overall energy performance. This task is streched by a sensitivity analysis of the sizing and performances, according to various energy losses parameters, that shows the technical hard spots of the design. Finally, an exergy-based dynamical analysis of stationary operating solar receivers and Stirling engines leads to a propostion of basis methods and criteria for the optimal control of power, in order to maximize the energy performances of the system and to enhance its competitiveness
Petre, Camelia. "Utilisation de la thermodynamique à vitesse finie pour l’étude et l’optimisation du cycle Carnot et des machines de Stirling." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN10115/document.
Full textThe stated subject needed an important bibliographic research for the publications in the field of Thermodynamics with Finite Speed (TFS) and Thermodynamics in Finite Time (TFT), and more than that. The first chapter is dedicated to the current status in the chosen subject. A synthesis of worldwide energetic aspects, main considerations on Stirling machines, main methods for analysis and optimization are presented. An important paragraph is the comparison between TFS and TFT, since the original contributions represent two methods, one from TFS and the other one from TFT. The second chapter is dedicated to the original contributions in the field of TFS: adjustment of the Direct Method to the study and optimization of reverse cycle machines with internal and external irreversibilities; correction of the Schmidt method by considering the effective kinematics of the studied machine; development of a sensitivity study to analyze the effects of each irreversibility; adaptation of the Direct Method to the study and optimization of Stirling solar engines and solar assemblies receiver – concentrator - Stirling engine - electric generator; validation of the proposed scheme par comparison with experimental data; research practical utilization: a proposed solar system for electric energy and hydrogen (as an energy career) production. The third chapter is dedicated to the original contributions in the field of TFT. A thermodynamic model pour for the study and optimization of thermal machines is proposed and applied to the Carnot cycle, for more cases, for linear and non linear convective and radiative heat transfer laws. Existence of experimental data allowed the operating simulation and validation of the model. The general conclusions and perspectives are presented
Mabrouk, Mohamed Tahar. "Production optimale d’énergie pour une communauté à petite échelle : application à l’optimisation d’une centrale solaire hybride produisant électricité et chaleur." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0163/document.
Full textThis work deals with the modelling and the optimization of thermodynamic solar power plants intended to supply electricity to isolated locations. Firstly, a state of the art of solar collectors is achieved and a model for parabolic trough collectors is proposed. This model is used for actual collectors identification. It is used also to propose correlations to be introduced in the whole system model. In a second time, a state of the art of energy storage technologies is conducted and an original model of a packed bed storage tank is proposed. This model gives an explicit solution of the temperature inside the tank without using a time step based numerical resolution. Two alternatives for the power block are given: Stirling engines and Organic Rankine Cycles. For Stirling engines, a critical review of existing models is performed. Some losses occurring in Stirling engines are not well documented in the literature as leakage losses at the power piston and displacer gap losses. Therefore, original models are proposed to estimate these losses. When compared to former models in the literature, the new model of the displacer gap losses demonstrates clearly that it is very important to use decoupled models with caution. Concerning the ORC, an optimization-oriented model is proposed. Finally, a mono and multi-objective optimization of a solar power plant is performed. The optimized system is composed of a solar field, a packed bed heat storage, a power block and an auxiliary fired heater. Objective functions used in this study are: the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE), the energetic efficiency of the power plant and CO2 emission per kilowatt hour of electricity
Marin, Andreea. "Optimizarea exergoeconimică a unei centrale solare termice." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100054.
Full textIn the current economic and energy context, implementation of technologies using renewable energy as heat source has two advantages: reducing pollution and fuel costs. There is a need to promote renewable energy sources such as significant sources of power generation for decentralized systems. In the first part, it was made a literature review on existing technologies for the production of electricity with solar energy. One of the objectives of this thesis was to build a Stirling engine gamma type suitable to use solar energy (flat plate collator). The Stirling engine was tested to compare the experimental results with the results of Schmidt model, realized in the software, Matlab. Another thermodynamic cycle was studied in this work, the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). A mathematical model was developed and verified in software, Thermoptim and EES (Engineering Equation Solver) with experimental results to study the installation performance function of different operating temperatures. The entire system and each subsystem are analyzed according to the first and the second law of thermodynamics. The exergy method and Pinch analysis are used to evaluate the performance of the system like irreversibility and exergy destruction, phenomenon that occurs in all components of the ORC system. This analysis is to improve the operation
Bouvenot, Jean-Baptiste. "Etudes expérimentales et numériques de systèmes de micro cogénération couplés aux bâtiments d’habitation et au réseau électrique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAD044/document.
Full textMicro combined heat and power (µCHP) or cogeneration means the simultaneous generation of two energy types. In energetic fields, this term refers usually to the simultaneous production of electricity and heat: the principle being based on the recovering of the fatal heat induced by the electricity production processes.Firstly, two test benches were carried out on two µCHP prototypes: a gas Stirling engine and a wood pellets steam engine. Experimental investigations were conducted to characterize each system at energy and environmental levels. The experimental results led two dynamic and semi physical numerical models of µCHP systems programmed in the numerical tool TRNSYS where a numerical platform has been developed. This platform integrates mainly energy storage systems models, stochastic energy needs file generators and innovative management strategy of systems and energy loads according to precision and realism criteria.This platform allows assessing realistic energy, environmental and economic relevance of µCHP systems coupled with dwelling buildings and the power grid according to different configurations
François, Pierre. "Contribution à la modélisation électromagnétique d’un générateur linéaire à induction appliquée à un micro-cogénérateur Stirling à piston libre." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DENS0003.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the development of a residential cogenerator which consists of a linear induction generator driven by two Stirling engines, free-piston double-acting operating mode. The criteria characterizing such cogenerator are described and its various modes of use in the residential sector. The various technologies are reviewed.The equations of mechanics that underlie the control of the coupling of thermoelectric cogeneration and stability are defined.The electric generator is modeled to calculate the electrical coil coupled equations and the magnitudes of the equivalent circuit, this scheme allows us to reverse the pattern. The results of analytical models are validated by measurements on specially designed models. A parametric study of the structure of the generator has optimized its performances. The equations of mechanical and electrical model are used to lay the groundwork for optimization of all the cogenerator, considered as a system
Dobre, Catalina Georgiana. "Développement de méthodes thermodynamiques pour l'ingénieur : étude analytique et expérimentale de machines quasi-Carnot et Stirling." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100111/document.
Full textThis paper presents the author's overall results obtained in his doctoral thesis, on: The analysis of entropy generation and the evaluation of the performances of the inversed cvasi-Carnot cycle; The application of the Direct Method, Finite Physical Dimensions Thermodynamics method (TDFF), Schmidt’s isotherm method and Finkelstein’s adiabatic model in the study of Stirling engines – engines and machines that function on reversed cycles (receivers) and the confrontation of analytical results with the experimental ones. The first part of the thesis covers the study of the refrigeration machines, considering the finite speed of the processes. The study is based on a new method to optimize the processes and the cycles with finite speed, the Direct Method of study and the evaluation of the irreversibilities. The performance of these cycles are evaluated using analytical relations, considering internal irreversibilities generated by finite speed, especially the pressure losses due to (1) throttling (2) finite speed of the piston (3) internal and mechanical friction (4) irreversibilities due to heat losses. These irreversibilities are introduced in the expression of the First Principle of Thermodynamics for processes with finite speed, and its application leads directly and through analytical means to the expressions of efficiency or coefficient of performance and entropy generation, function of the finite speed of the processes and other geometrical and functional parameters of the machine. The proposed study for this first part of the thesis analyzes the generation of thermal irreversibilities in a thermal machine functioning on a cvasi-Carnot reversed cycle (refrigerating machine with mechanical compression of vapor-IFV) proposing a completely analytical calculation scheme. With this calculation scheme sensitivity studies and optimization of these types of machines were developed, without having to use saturated vapor tables.The second part of the thesis presents the application of thermodynamic models (Direct Method, Finite Physical Dimension thermodynamics method, Schmidt's isotherm model and Finkelstein’s adiabatic model) in the study of Stirling engines – engines and machines that function on reversed cycles (receivers) and the confrontation of analytical results with the experimental ones. The Direct Method consists in the study and assessment of the irreversibilities generated in thermal machines by analyzing the cycle step by step (progressive) and the direct integration of the equation the First Principle of Thermodynamics combined with the Second Principle of Thermodynamics with finite speed, for each process of the cycle. This provides analytical expressions for power and efficiency or coefficient of performance COP, function of the speed of the processes and other geometric and functional parameters
Rahmani, Mustapha Amine. "Gestion de l'énergie d'une micro-centrale solaire thermodynamique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT077/document.
Full textThis Ph.D thesis was prepared in the scope of the MICROSOL project, ledby Schneider Electric, that aims at developing Off-grid solar thermodynamic micro powerplants exploiting the solar thermal energy. The aim of this thesis being the development of innovative and efficient control strategies for the energy management of two kinds of solar thermodynamic micro power plants: based on Stirling engine and based and Organic RankineCycle (ORC) machines.In a first part, we consider the Stirling based solar thermodynamic micro power planthybridized with a supercapacitor as an energy buffer. Within this framework, we propose afirst experimentally validated control strategy, associated to the energy conversion system ofthe Stirling engine, that endows the system with quasi optimal performances in term of settlingtime enabling the size reduction of the supercapacitor. A second control strategy that handlesexplicitly the system constraints while providing the system with optimal performances interm of settling time , is also proposed. This control strategy is in fact more than a simplecontroller, it is a control framework that holds for a family of energy conversion systems.In a second part, we consider the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) based thermodynamicmicro power plant hybridized with a battery bank as an energy buffer. Since this system worksat constant speed for the asynchronous generator electrically connected to a commercial energyconversion system, we propose a model predictive controller that acts on the thermodynamicpart of this system to move from an operating point to another, during the load power demandtransients, as fast as possible (to reduce the size of the battery banks) while respecting thephysical system constraints. The developed predictive controller is based upon a dynamicmodel, for the ORC power plant, identified experimentally thanks to an adequate nonlinearidentification algorithm
BOUVIER, PASCALE. "Transferts thermiques en ecoulement oscillant dans une conduite cylindrique : application au moteur stirling." Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT2053.
Full textHernandez, Gonzalez Omar. "Synthèse d'οbservateurs pοur des classes de systèmes nοn linéaires avec des sοrties échantillοnnées et retardées." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC202/document.
Full textThe results given in this thesis deal with the design of high gain observers forsome classes on nonlinear systems. A class of multi-inputs/multi-output non uniformlyobservable systems has been first considered and an observer the gain of which is issuedfrom the resolution of a Lyapunov ordinary differential equation has been proposed. Theexponential convergence of the underlying observation error has been established underan appropriate persistent excitation condition. The design of the proposed observerhas then been reconsidered in order to account for the sampling and delay processeswhich may occur on the output. The redesigned observer assumes a cascade structurewith chained systems where the head of the cascade is an observer for the delayedstate while the state of the last system in the cascade constitutes an estimation ofthe system actual state. The second class of systems considered in this thesis is amulti-outputs observable normal form involving some uncertainties and with a delayedsampled output. A cascade observer allowing the estimation of the system actual statehas been proposed. The performance and main properties of the proposed observershave been illustrated in simulation by considering many examples throughout thisthesis
SERAJ, MEHDIZADEH NASSER. "Modelisation energetique et amelioration des performances d'un moteur stirling a piston libre et deplaceur cinematique, destine a la production d'electricite." Nantes, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NANT2008.
Full textTîrcă-Dragomirescu, Georgiana. "Optimisation exergoéconomique des systèmes de trigénération d'énergie." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0164/document.
Full textIn the actual energetic and economic context, energy polygeneration represents the answer regarding the efficient use of a fuel. This solution would diminish the losses associated to the classical methods of energy production and, as a result, would increase the installations' efficiency. The polygeneration systems (cogeneration/trigeneration of energy), consist of various technologies that offer alternatives to the global problems linked to energy, such as energy scarcity, energy supply security, emissions control from the production of energy, economy and energy conservation, etc.. This doctoral thesis examines two types of polygeneration of energy. The first part focuses on the analysis of a high power trigeneration system based on a gas turbine installation for production of electrical energy, the second part of the thesis is dealing with a system of micro-cogeneration of energy powered by a solar Stirling engine. Given the actuality and interest for the polygeneration field of energy production, there is a constant concern to simulate and optimize the operation of this kind of systems in order to achieve significant performance designed to satisfy the consumers' needs
Dang, Thu Thuy. "Optimisation de l'ensemble convertisseur-générateur-commande intégré à un système de micro-cogénération thermo-mécano-électrique." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01063146.
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