Journal articles: 'Motherhood in Africa'

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Walker, Cherryl. "Conceptualising motherhood in twentieth century South Africa." Journal of Southern African Studies 21, no. 3 (1995): 417–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057079508708455.

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Mukuna, Robert Kananga, and Peter J. O. Aloka. "INTERPRETATIVE PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF TEENAGE MOTHERS RESILIENCY IN OVERCOMING ADVERSITIES IN PREGNANCY AND EARLY MOTHERHOOD IN SOUTH AFRICA." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 79, no. 1 (2021): 104–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/21.79.104.

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The phenomenon of teenage motherhood is a major concern worldwide. The teenage mothers endure many challenges that could affect their academic goals and successes if there is insufficient support. However, some teenage mothers manage to develop certain forms of flexibility to manage these adversities. This study explored the teenage mothers' resiliency in overcoming adversities in pregnancy and early motherhood at a rural high school in South Africa. Within the Interpretative Phenomenological qualitative paradigm, an exploratory case study research design was adopted. 10 participants (N=10) were selected from a rural high school district using a purposive sampling technique. The study employed semi-structured interviews to collect data. The findings demonstrated that teenage mothers were resilient to continuing and completing their schooling by adopting self-motivation and school and family support. This study suggested that the South African Department of Education should develop a training programme for teenage mothers on psychosocial adjustment mechanisms to help them cope with their situations. Keywords: interpretative phenomenological analysis, rural high school, teenage motherhood, teenage mother resiliency, teenage pregnancy

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Et. al., Siva R,. "“The Joys of Motherhood” of an African Woman: A Mirage." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (2021): 1167–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.1138.

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Quest for identity is one phenomenon of postcolonialism that led way for the emergence of Women writers portraying the indigenous women of their society who were denied the authorial voice in the male-dominated society. Africa African woman literature has always been discussed elaborately not only among ‘White’ but also among fellow African women writers and critics across the globe. Emecheta was one such writer whose work has been criticized for writing after settled in the western country, UK (the colonizer). The readers from third world nations may agree with Emecheta’s call for the necessity to redefine Women’s identity under the African identity. Buchi Emecheta to that reverence has always through her strong woman characters never failed to express the state of the African women and their limitations in social life. Emecheta has always recorded her protagonists' struggle for equality in a male-dominated society. Through the study of her novel The Joys of Motherhood, an attempt is made to explore her perception of Motherhood and explain how she portrays it to the African context where traditions and communal ties are deeply rooted in the Nigerian Ibo society.

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Semley, Lorelle. "Public Motherhood in West Africa as Theory and Practice." Gender & History 24, no. 3 (2012): 600–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0424.2012.01698.x.

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Josephine, Adeagbo Morolake. "“Motherhood Is Hard”: Exploring the Complexities of Unplanned Motherhood Among HIV-Positive Adolescents in South Africa." SAGE Open 9, no. 2 (2019): 215824401984880. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019848802.

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Thompson, Anne. "Poor and pregnant in Africa: safe motherhood and human rights." Midwifery 15, no. 3 (1999): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-6138(99)90059-1.

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G’sell, Brady. "Multiple Maternities: Performative Motherhood and Support Seeking in South Africa." Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 46, no. 1 (2020): 3–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/709217.

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Salih, Bashir. "Sowing the Seeds of Safe Motherhood in Sub Saharan Africa." Obstetric Medicine 5, no. 1 (2012): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/om.2011.11e006.

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Blystad, Astrid, and Karen Marie Moland. "Technologies of hope? Motherhood, HIV and infant feeding in eastern Africa." Anthropology & Medicine 16, no. 2 (2009): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13648470902940655.

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Ntshongwana, Phakama, Gemma Wright, Helen Barnes, and Michael Noble. "LONE MOTHERHOOD IN SOUTH AFRICA: SOME METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES AND POLICY IMPERATIVES." South African Review of Sociology 46, no. 4 (2015): 80–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2015.1100096.

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Naidoo, Kammila, Oluwafemi Adeagbo, and Melanie Pleaner. "Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs of Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: Research, Policy, and Practice." SAGE Open 9, no. 3 (2019): 215824401985995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019859951.

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Seventeen articles make up this special collection, covering a range of different, but cross-cutting themes. These highlight contemporary concerns in African research and scholarship about the factors configuring the sexual and reproductive health needs of adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). The articles interrogate contextual and cultural impediments, problematic representations, perceptions of vulnerabilities and rights, experiences of gender-based violence, coercive sex, unplanned motherhood—and agency, resistance and strategic interventions. While a diverse range of issues, theories, and methodologies are evident, all the articles reflect on how the circumstances of young women in Africa can be effectively improved to engender empowerment, good health, and personal and sexual autonomy.

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Baase, Mathabo. "The Ratification of Inadequate Surrogate Motherhood Agreements and the Best Interest of the Child." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal 22 (May 21, 2019): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2019/v22i0a6083.

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South Africa has developed domestic legislation governing all surrogacy matters within the country. These provisions are contained in Chapter 19 of the Children's Act 38 of 2005. In Ex parte MS; In re: Confirmation of Surrogate Motherhood Agreement 2014 2 All SA 312 (GNP), the commissioning parents did not adhere to the requirement provided by Chapter 19. The parties to the (initially informal) surrogacy agreement authorised the artificial fertilisation of the surrogate mother prior to the confirmation of the surrogate motherhood agreement by the court. In considering the best interest of the resultant child, the High Court decided to ratify the inadequate surrogate motherhood agreement. This discussion aims to establish whether the court's judgement in Ex parte MS; In re: Confirmation of Surrogate Motherhood Agreement 2014 2 All SA 312 (GNP) was in accordance with the provisions of current legislation and case law. It furthermore aims to answer two primary questions: firstly, whether adjudicators should make use of the best interest of the child when ratifying inadequate surrogate motherhood agreements; and secondly, in what manner the court should go about implementing the best interest of the child when validating inadequate surrogate motherhood agreements. It is submitted that courts should refrain from applying the best interest of the child as a constitutional right in inadequate surrogacy matters where the child is yet to be born alive, in accordance with the Digesta Texts. Parties to the invalid agreement should rather be instructed to make use of a section 22 parental responsibilities and rights agreement, a section 28 termination agreement, or adoption as provided for by chapter 15 of the Children's Act. 

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Gant, Larry, Kathleen M. Heath, and Gray Goziem Ejikeme. "Early Motherhood, High Mortality, and HIV/AIDS Rates in Sub-Saharan Africa." Social Work in Public Health 24, no. 1-2 (2009): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19371910802569435.

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Botha, Karel. "Editorial Comments." Health SA Gesondheid 13, no. 4 (2008): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v13i4.398.

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This edition of Health SA Gesondheid has a strong focus on HIV/AIDS, women, pregnancy and motherhood in southern Africa, and the challenges healthcare professionals experience in providing effective support in this important, but extremely vulnerable sector of health care.  *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

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Stinson, Kathryn, and Landon Myer. "HIV-infected women's experiences of pregnancy and motherhood in Cape Town, South Africa." Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies 7, no. 1 (2012): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2011.652811.

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Stekelenburg, Jelle, Luc van Lonkhuijzen, Wilbert Spaans, and Jos van Roosmalen. "Maternity Waiting Homes in Rural Districts in Africa; A Cornerstone of Safe Motherhood?" Current Women's Health Reviews 2, no. 4 (2006): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340406778699914.

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Clark, Shelley, and Dana Hamplová. "Single Motherhood and Child Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Life Course Perspective." Demography 50, no. 5 (2013): 1521–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-013-0220-6.

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Muchiri, Steve. "Impact of Free/Subsidized Secondary School Education on the Likelihood of Teenage Motherhood." Demography 58, no. 4 (2021): 1401–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00703370-9357498.

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Abstract Several countries in sub-Saharan Africa, including Kenya, have introduced free/subsidized secondary education. This paper examines the role of these free/subsidized education policies on teenage motherhood. To identify the causal effect, I exploit the timing of a national reform in Kenya that eliminated/subsidized secondary school fees using a difference-in-difference estimation design. Using the 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), I estimate that the likelihood of teenage motherhood decreased by approximately 5 percentage points after the policy's implementation. This study reiterates that the teenage period is crucial in terms of developing human capital through formal schooling. In most developing countries, parents often determine and fund human capital, which makes household wealth/income a critical factor in human capital accumulation and its intergenerational process. I also highlight positive externalities from educational-centered policies, such as long-term economic growth, poverty reduction, and reduction of social welfare dependency.

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Iwelunmor, Juliet, Nompumelelo Zungu, and Collins O. Airhihenbuwa. "Rethinking HIV/AIDS Disclosure Among Women Within the Context of Motherhood in South Africa." American Journal of Public Health 100, no. 8 (2010): 1393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2009.168989.

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Schindehutte, Minet, Michael Morris, and Catriona Brennan. "Entrepreneurs and Motherhood: Impacts on Their Children in South Africa and the United States." Journal of Small Business Management 41, no. 1 (2003): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-627x.00069.

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Mukuna, Kananga Robert. "An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Basotho Teenage Mothers’ Experiences in Early Motherhood at a Rural School." Journal of Educational and Social Research 11, no. 3 (2021): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2021-0059.

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This study explored Basotho teenage mothers' experiences in early motherhood at a rural school in a district in South Africa. The interpretative phenomenological qualitative approach and the contextual and phenomenological study designs were used in this study. Five participants (N=5) were purposively selected. Semi-structured interviews were employed as a tool for data collection. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the data. The findings demonstrated that Basotho teenage mothers experience insufficient support from the family and the school management team. They are expelled from the school during their pregnancy and only allowed to return to school after giving birth. They also lack support from their teenage husbands. Thus, Basotho teenage mothers are stigmatised, discriminated against, and lack support from their teenage husbands, peers, and the community during their early motherhood. The study recommended that the School-Based Support Team (SBST) should train teachers on the best support mechanisms for teenage mothers.  Received: 24 August 2020 / Accepted: 21 November 2020 / Published: 10 May 2021

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De Wet-Billings, Nicole. "Single motherhood, social independence and non-communicable disease (NCD) outcomes among young females (15-24 years old) in South Africa." AAS Open Research 4 (August 3, 2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.13238.2.

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Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) acquired during youth follow into and affect adulthood. The association between young mother’s social independence and NCD status is of policy interest due to its effect on economic and social development. This study aimed to determine the causal relationship between social independence and NCD outcomes among young, single mothers in South Africa. Methods: Data from the South African National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS) in 2008 and 2017 was used to determine if single mothers developed hypertension, diabetes or asthma by various indicators of social independence, including highest level of education and employment status. The sample was initially made-up of unmarried females (15-24 years old) without any children in 2008. Both fertility and social independence was followed-up to 2017. Results: In total, 66 young females developed an NCD by 2017 and 87% (n=57) of these women had a child in the interim period. Employment of young females increased from 4.78% in 2008 to 37.79% in 2017, but completion of secondary or tertiary education declined from 67.94% in 2008 to 56.01% in 2017. In addition, half (50.88%) of the young females were partially independent by 2017, with only 11.03% being fully independent at this time. Finally, logistic regression results showed that the likelihood of developing an NCD increased if young females with children were not socially independent. Conclusions: The relationship between social independence and NCDs suggest that policies and programmes in South Africa need to incorporate socioeconomic status as a determinant of disease and in particular, need to address socioeconomic indicators as additive measures and not autonomous indicators.

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De Wet-Billings, Nicole. "Single motherhood, social independence and non-communicable disease (NCD) outcomes among young females (15-24 years old) in South Africa." AAS Open Research 4 (June 14, 2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.13238.1.

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Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) acquired during youth follow into and affect adulthood. The association between young mother’s social independence and NCD status is of policy interest due to its effect on economic and social development. This study aimed to determine the causal relationship between social independence and NCD outcomes among young, single mothers in South Africa. Methods: Data from the South African National Income Dynamics Survey (NIDS) in 2008 and 2017 was used to determine if single mothers developed hypertension, diabetes or asthma by various indicators of social independence, including highest level of education and employment status. The sample was initially made-up of unmarried females (15-24 years old) without any children in 2008. Both fertility and social independence was followed-up to 2017. Results: In total, 66 young females developed an NCD by 2017 and 87% (n=57) of these women had a child in the interim period. Employment of young females increased from 4.78% in 2008 to 37.79% in 2017, but completion of secondary or tertiary education declined from 67.94% in 2008 to 56.01% in 2017. In addition, half (50.88%) of the young females were partially independent by 2017, with only 11.03% being fully independent at this time. Finally, logistic regression results showed that the likelihood of developing an NCD increased if young females with children were not socially independent. Conclusions: The relationship between social independence and NCDs suggest that policies and programmes in South Africa need to incorporate socioeconomic status as a determinant of disease and in particular, need to address socioeconomic indicators as additive measures and not autonomous indicators.

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Teiko, Nii Okain. "Changing Conceptions of Masculinity in the Marital Landscape of Africa." Matatu 49, no. 2 (2017): 329–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-04902006.

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Abstract Recent critical studies of men have focused on multiple masculinities and the need for a change in theorizing the hegemonic constructions of gender. This growing body of scholarship has influenced literary studies, particularly in the readings of male characters as presented in literary works. The portraiture of the male characters in Aidoo’s Changes and Emecheta’s The Joys of Motherhood has attracted the attention of critics who examine the conflicted hegemonic constructions of masculinity mediated by the powerful forces of colonialism and modernity. These critics contest the patriarchal privileges of masculinity and redefine the gender constructions of both sexes to reflect current studies which focus on the plurality, fluidity, and complexities of masculine roles. This paper argues that Aidoo and Emecheta’s novels depict a hybridism of masculinities, in the context of marriage, in which both the male and the female characters strive to maintain a balance between their traditional African roles as husbands/wives, fathers/mothers and maintain an imitated eurocentric display of love and affection in enacting their roles in the marital enterprise.

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Maclean, Gaynor D. "Learning from the past, looking to the future." African Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health 13, no. 3 (2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ajmw.2018.0026.

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This article offers an insight into past achievements in moving towards safe motherhood. Considering data from across the globe and in particular achievements in Africa, lessons that have been learned are shared and present a fitting focus for the years ahead. Co-operation, competence, compassion and commitment are the ‘four Cs’ of 21st century midwifery, and offer direction, inspiration and purpose. Promoting safer childbirth for women everywhere, especially the most vulnerable, is a shared goal in midwifery, and moving forward together with optimal skills and attitudes will enable midwives to make a real difference where it matters most.

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Muñoz, Lorena. "Transnational Motherhood and Economic Failure among Immigrant Domestic Workers in South Africa and the United States." Feminist Formations 31, no. 2 (2019): 26–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ff.2019.0015.

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Grant, Nicholas. "The National Council of Negro Women and South Africa: Black Internationalism, Motherhood, and the Cold War." Palimpsest: A Journal on Women, Gender, and the Black International 5, no. 1 (2016): 59–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pal.2016.0004.

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Maclean, Gaynor, and Rose Laisser. "The use of educational games in midwifery: an overview." African Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health 14, no. 1 (2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ajmw.2019.0003.

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This article provides an overview of the development, testing, and use of educational games in midwifery. It considers the educational advantages of this approach and draws on the authors' experience of using games to promote safer childbirth. Games designed for the World Health Organization Safe Motherhood midwifery education modules and also for the Lugina Africa Midwives Research Network are described, and the experiences of project participants of using and researching the effect of these games are discussed. Early evaluation has shown promise for the increasing use of more innovative educational approaches and considerable potential for having a positive effect on midwifery practice and consequently the quality of care.

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DEACON, HARRIET. "MIDWIVES AND MEDICAL MEN IN THE CAPE COLONY BEFORE 1860." Journal of African History 39, no. 2 (1998): 271–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853798007191.

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Relatively little research has been done on the history of midwifery at the Cape, although there has lately been increasing interest in the social history of medicine, as well as in the history of abortion, rape, infanticide and motherhood in South Africa. One of the reasons for the dearth of research is the relative absence of women, especially black women, from the historical record. The archival record of what was called the Cape Colony during the early nineteenth century is rich enough to reveal something about women's history, however. The Cape was first settled by Europeans in 1652 under the auspices of the Dutch East India Company (DEIC), and was captured by the British in 1795 and again in 1806. During the first half-century of British rule at the Cape, urban midwives came under greater professional and official scrutiny and left some traces in the historical archive. The remaining absences tell their own stories, too, and in this paper these silences will be made to speak, if only softly and tentatively, of the role of women in colonial African medical care.

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Sibiya, Maureen Nokuthula, Dorinda Borg, Shanaz Ghuman, et al. "Societal Influences on the Utilization of Contraception Amongst Women in South Africa." Global Journal of Health Science 12, no. 2 (2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v12n2p41.

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The strong desire to experience motherhood, mediated by prevailing social and cultural norms encourage childbearing in society. Contraceptive use and pregnancy among HIV positive women in South Africa is of growing concern as it may be associated with various adverse factors having socio-economic and health impacts. The timeous initiation and optimal utilisation of antenatal care services is imperative to ensure positive pregnancy outcomes and good maternal health; not always possible due to various challenges in developing countries. Motherhood is a component of a women&rsquo;s identity in cultural societies and important for female social status. Major challenges are gender-based violence and gender inequality as well as physiological factors that place women at risk like cultural and behavioural practices requiring parental consent for access to reproductive and sexual health services tend to discourage girls and women in their pursuit for decision making in reproductive health. This study examines the societal influences on contraceptive usage amongst women attending an antenatal clinic, their contraceptive use and HIV status in the city of Durban, province KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted at a Primary Health Care (PHC) facility with a total of 283 pregnant women in trimester one visiting the antenatal clinic for the first time who completed a self-administered questionnaire. Results evidenced that almost 70% of the study population are aware of their HIV status prior to conceiving. Contraceptive usage in HIV positive participants was similar 82 (81%) to 97 (75%) in HIV negative participants. The HIV positive participants were aware of the consequences of non-contraceptive use. HIV positive women were not deterred by the desire to use contraception nor conceive (OR: 1.04, CI: 0.61 - 1.79). The study reports a high number of the women are single (&gt;75%), low level of education (90%), unemployed (&gt;70%). HIV status has no impact on contraceptive use and the prevalence of pregnancy among HIV positive women. The number of miscarriages (11%) and early neonatal deaths (6%) reported appeared higher in HIV positive women. Smoking (&gt;50%) and alcohol consumption (&gt;50%) were equally high amongst the pregnant women. Comprehensive programs for planned pregnancies in HIV positive women is necessary for a paradigm shift in the prevailing social and cultural norms worldwide. Reproductive health education extending to embrace the boys and men in the population will increase the importance and acceptance of contraception usage for both HIV positive and negative women in reproductive health care.

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Hollos, Marida, and Ulla Larsen. "Motherhood in sub‐Saharan Africa: The social consequences of infertility in an urban population in northern Tanzania." Culture, Health & Sexuality 10, no. 2 (2008): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691050701656789.

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Marshak, Naomi. "‘She's just like my mother’: measuring motherhood in the context of the HIV epidemic in South Africa." Anthropology Southern Africa 34, no. 3-4 (2011): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23323256.2011.11500016.

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Chabot, H. T. J., and A. M. Rutten. "Use of Antenatal Cards for Literate Health Personnel and Illiterate Traditional Birth Attendants: An Overview." Tropical Doctor 20, no. 1 (1990): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947559002000107.

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A review of the existing literature on various risk-oriented antenatal cards developed during the last 15 years, makes apparent a multitude of action-oriented cards available for trained health personnel (obstetric nurses, midwives and doctors). Few antenatal cards, however, have been developed for use by illiterate traditional birth attendants (TBAs). A revised version of an illiterate antenatal card is presented, that has been developed over the past 3 years in Mali. It contains some important improvements, notably its use at the various levels of the health care pyramid both by illiterate TBAs and by trained midwives. It also includes specific ‘standing orders’, based on generally accepted ‘at-risk’ criteria. Suggestions for its adaptation elsewhere in Africa as part of current Safe Motherhood policies are discussed.

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Meda, Nicolas, Sennen Hounton, Vincent De Brouwere, Issiaka Sombié, and Peter Byass. "From evaluating a Skilled Care Initiative in rural Burkina Faso to policy implications for safe motherhood in Africa." Tropical Medicine & International Health 13 (June 10, 2008): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2008.02089.x.

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Chemutai, Violet, Julius Nteziyaremye, and Gabriel Julius Wandabwa. "Lived Experiences of Adolescent Mothers Attending Mbale Regional Referral Hospital: A Phenomenological Study." Obstetrics and Gynecology International 2020 (November 23, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8897709.

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Background. Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood, and is a critical stage in ones’ development. It is characterized by immense opportunities and risks. By 2016, 16% of the world’s population was of adolescents, with 82% residing in developing countries. About 12 million births were in 15–19 year olds. Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly East Africa, has high adolescent pregnancy rates, as high as 35.8% in eastern Uganda. Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) attributable to 15–19 years olds is significant with 17.1% of Uganda’s MMR 336/100.000 live births being in this age group. Whereas research is awash with contributing factors to such pregnancies, little is known about lived experiences during early motherhood. This study reports the lived experiences of adolescent mothers attending Mbale Hospital. Materials and Methods. A phenomenological study design was used in which adolescent mothers that were attending Young Child Clinic were identified from the register and simple random sampling was used to select participants. We called these mothers by way of phone numbers and asked them to come for focus group discussions that were limited to 9 mothers per group and lasting about 45 minutes–1 hour. Ethical approval was sought and informed written consent obtained from participants. At every focus group discussion, the data which had largely been taken in local languages was transcribed and translated verbatim into English. Results. The research revealed that adolescent mothers go through hard times especially with the changes of pregnancy and fear of unknown during intrapartum and immediate postpartum period and are largely treated negatively by family and other community members in addition to experiencing extreme hardships during parenting. However, these early mothers’ stress is alleviated by the joy of seeing their own babies. Conclusion. Adolescent motherhood presents a high risk group and efforts to support them during antenatal care with special adolescent ANC clinics and continuous counseling together with their household should be emphasized to optimize outcome not only during pregnancy but also thereafter. Involving these mothers in technical courses to equip them with skills that can foster self-employment and providing support to enable them pursue further education should be explored.

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Hochfeld, Tessa. "Missed opportunities." International Social Work 50, no. 1 (2007): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872807071484.

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English The draft National Family Policy of South Africa contains pervasive conservative discourses which have a serious negative impact on both social welfare and the social work profession. The NFP promotes family self-reliance (resonating with neo-liberal welfare discourses internationally), reinforces gender inequalities and misses the opportunity to construct progressive notions of motherhood and fatherhood. French Le Projet de Politique Nationale sur la Famille de l'Afrique du Sud est empreint d'une idéologie conservatrice qui a des conséquences négatives importantes tant sur l'aide sociale que sur la profession du travail social. Cette politique fait la promotion du développement autocentré de la famille (ce qui rappelle les discours néo-libéraux sur l'aide sociale à l'échelle internationale), renforçant ainsi les inégalités de genre et empêchant, par le fait même, l'occasion de construire des notions progressistes sur la maternité et la paternité. Spanish El contenido de la Política Nacional para la Familia en Sud Africa contiene discursos conservadores que tienen un serio impacto negativo tanto en el bienestar social como en la profesión del trabajo social. La PNF promueve la auto-dependencia (en consonancia en los discursos internacionales neo-liberales del bienestar), refuerza las inequidades de género y pierde la oportunidad de construir nociones progresistas de maternidad y paternidad.

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Mate, Rekopantswe. "Wombs As God's Laboratories: Pentecostal Discourses of Femininity in Zimbabwe." Africa 72, no. 4 (2002): 549–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2002.72.4.549.

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AbstractStudies of born-again Churches in Africa generally conclude that they help members embrace modernity. Their teachings provide the ideological bases for members to embrace changing material realities. Such studies are rather silent on the demands of this ideological frame on women and men. This article looks at two Zimbabwean women's organisations, Gracious Woman and Precious Stones, affiliated to Zimbabwe Assemblies of God in Africa and Family of God respectively. Using ethnographic methods, it argues that such organisations teach women domesticity and romanticise female subordination as glorifying God. They discourage individualism by exalting motherhood, wifehood and domesticity as service to God. These demands emerge at a time when life is changing drastically in urban areas as women get educated and enter the professions. Economically a small but growing number of black families have experienced some upward mobility—something these Churches encourage through ‘the gospel of prosperity’. Although accumulation and upward mobility free families from (traditional) kin obligations which the Churches encourage, women are discouraged from resisting the patriarchal yoke even when material circumstances make it possible. The organisations repackage patriarchy as Christian faith. The article concludes that if these Churches are concerned with managing modernity, then they see modernity as female subordination.

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Schneider, Luisa T. "The ogbanje who wanted to stay: The occult, belonging, family and therapy in Sierra Leone." Ethnography 18, no. 2 (2016): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1466138116673381.

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Although prominent in literature on West Africa and especially Nigeria, the phenomenon of ogbanjes in Sierra Leone is little discussed. By following the story of one ogbanje, this paper unravels their significance for social life, for local epistemologies and cosmologies in Freetown. The paper discusses personhood and morality, conceptions of femininity and motherhood as well as the search for culprits. It argues that ogbanjes have to be understood as avengers who, in the name of society, penalize those deeds of women which meet with the disapproval of the community. Ogbanjes embody a breakdown of accepted social concepts as they are able to openly articulate criticism towards their parents and elders and thus serve as a way to negotiate the coming of age. The negotiations over appropriate treatment of ogbanjes highlight the interplay between different forms of belief. In addition, ogbanjes provide coping mechanisms and explanatory tools for untimely deaths.

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Mazurkiewicz, D. W. "Keynote Forum, Major Issues & Poster Presentations at the 3rd International Conference on Nursing & Midwifery, May 23-24, 2018 in New York, USA." Progress in Health Sciences 8, no. 1 (2018): 234–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.1337.

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The 3rd International Conference on Nursing & Midwifery, held on May 23-24, 2018 in New York, USA was characterized by a multitude of topics addressing professional issues of importance to midwives and nurses. Prevailing subjects focused on the following: * professional functioning of midwives facing the risk of terrorism and terrorist attack, * the role of CEFM on childbirth outcomes, * attitudes of nursing students towards individuals with mental illness, * healing the abuse of nurses, * substance-dependent women and motherhood, *nursing-crisis of maternal and infant mortality in the United States, * nurses and midwives attitudes toward overweight and obese during childbirth, * quality of life of patients undergoing cancer treatment, * effectiveness of spiritual group therapy among women with breast cancer, * prevalence of delayed umbilical cord clamping practices, *problems among women with late pregnancy loss, * current care for older people, * HIV in Sub Saharan Africa, * sexual problems in gynecological cancers and nursing approaches.

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Okonofua, Friday. "Need to Intensify Safe Motherhood Interventions in Africa / La Nécessité d'Indentifier les Interventions de la Maternité sans Risque en Afrique." African Journal of Reproductive Health 7, no. 3 (2003): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3583283.

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Davis, Amira Millicent. "Emancipatory Acts." International Review of Qualitative Research 2, no. 4 (2010): 475–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/irqr.2010.2.4.475.

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Emancipatory Acts is a performance piece that explores the experiences of racialized mothering, social memory and collective agency from my situatedness as a Black woman and mother in the United States. Emancipatory Acts suggests that the historic trauma inflicted upon Africa signifies the rapability and violability of her daughters whose reproductive labors were impressed into the service of Empire. Emancipatory Acts challenges the selectivity of social memory, the mythologizing of iconic figures and the literature of deviance that incarcerates Black female reproduction. It argues that, ultimately, Black women self-emancipate through remembering, reconstituting and redefining their existences through motherline stories that trace back to elder-women, through the ancestral world to the metaphysical Mother. Through movement, poetry, narrative, rhythm, and visual texts, this piece explores the material, socio-political, cultural and spiritual domains of Black woman-motherhood in the United States and seeks to resurrect traditions of hope, survival and self-actualized living.

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Hanna, Lani. "Tricontinental’s International Solidarity." Radical History Review 2020, no. 136 (2020): 169–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-7857344.

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Abstract The Tricontinental Conference in 1966 in Havana, Cuba, marked a moment of particular import for the development of an internationalism grounded in anti-imperialist and decolonial solidarity. Tricontinental took place at the height of crisis for many nations fighting for independence. The Organization of Solidarity of the People of Africa, Asia, and Latin America (OSPAAAL) sought to promote an internationalist political perspective that interrelated global revolutionary movements through their collective opposition to imperial and colonial governance and resource extraction. This essay focuses on two affective aesthetic tactics: the mobilization of images of women represented as actors in armed struggle, as well as more commonly gendered representations of motherhood. It examines imagery and writing that centers gender and focuses on the intersection of violence against women, aspects of capitalism, imperialism, interpersonal relationships, family and women’s reproductive rights, and culture. Ultimately, it demonstrates that OSPAAAL used artistic production as a tool of political dialogue.

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Xiong, Khou, Joy Kamunyori, and Jane Sebidi. "The MomConnect helpdesk: how an interactive mobile messaging programme is used by mothers in South Africa." BMJ Global Health 3, Suppl 2 (2018): e000578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000578.

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South Africa’s MomConnect mobile messaging programme, which aims to promote safe motherhood and improve pregnancy outcomes for South African women, includes a helpdesk feature which allows women registered on the system to ask maternal and child health (MCH)-related questions and to provide feedback on health services received at public health clinics. Messages sent to the helpdesk are answered by staff located at the National Department of Health. We examined event data from the MomConnect helpdesk database to identify any patterns in messages received, such as correlation of frequency or types of messages with location. We also explored what these data could tell us about the helpdesk’s effectiveness in improving health service delivery at public health clinics. We found that approximately 8% of registered MomConnect users used the helpdesk, and that usage was generally proportional to the use of antenatal care (ANC) services in provinces (as indicated by number of ANC first visits and number of MomConnect registrations), except in two provinces. Language, category and key topics of helpdesk messages were correlated with provinces. Most users accessed the helpdesk to seek maternal information, and where feedback about health services was provided, there were significantly more compliments than complaints. The MomConnect helpdesk is an important resource providing expectant mothers and mothers of infants with an interactive option for accessing MCH-related information—above that included in the standard MomConnect messages—and advances achievement of the health goals of the MomConnect programme.

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Tarraf, Diana, Dia Sanou, Rosanne Blanchet, Constance P. Nana, Malek Batal, and Isabelle Giroux. "Prevalence and determinants of food insecurity in migrant Sub-Saharan African and Caribbean households in Ottawa, Canada." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 14, no. 2 (2018): 160–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-07-2016-0027.

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Purpose Food insecurity (FI) is an important social determinant of health and is linked with higher health care costs. There is a high prevalence of FI among recent migrant households in Canada. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the prevalence of FI in Sub-Saharan African and Caribbean migrants in Ottawa, and to explore determinants of FI in that population. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study was conducted among 190 mothers born in Sub-Saharan Africa or the Caribbean living in Ottawa and having a child between 6 and 12 years old. Health Canada’s Household Food Security Survey Module was used to evaluate participants’ food security in the past 12 months. χ2 tests and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to measure determinants of FI (n=182). Findings A very high rate of FI (45.1 percent) was found among participants. When numerous determinants of FI were included in a multivariate model, household FI was associated with Caribbean origin, low education attainment, lone motherhood, living in Canada for five years or less and reliance on social assistance. Originality/value These findings highlight the need for FI to be explicitly addressed in migrant integration strategies in order to improve their financial power to purchase sufficient, nutritious and culturally acceptable foods. Enhancing migrants’ access to affordable child care and well-paid jobs, improving social assistance programs and providing more affordable subsidized housing programs could be beneficial.

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Hossain, Md Amir. "Doris Lessing’s Fiction as Feminist Projections." International Journal of English and Cultural Studies 1, no. 1 (2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijecs.v1i1.3081.

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Doris Lessing, an unrivaled novelist in the literary genres around the globe, portrays the fundamental problems of women as well as social system of her times. Lessing searches for new models to communicate the experiences of a blocked woman writer, who spends her early life in Africa, becomes an active and a disappointed communist, who is a politically committed writer, a mother, a wife, or a mistress sometimes a woman. With her very keen and subtle attitude, Lessing wants to present women’s psychological conflicts between marriage and love; motherhood and profession, unfairness of the double standard; alienation of a single career woman; hollowness of marriage in the traditional order and society. Lessing portrays her women in various social problems and with various perspectives of male against female. She tries to awaken women community to protest against the patriarchy through her feminist writings. For this purpose, this research paper would like to examine the psychological conflicts and traumatic experiences of powerful heroines, including- Anna Wulf of The Golden Notebook, Mary Turner of The Grass Is Singing, and Clefts of The Cleft.

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Arias-Colmenero, Tomás, Mª Ángeles Pérez-Morente, Antonio Jesús Ramos-Morcillo, Concepción Capilla-Díaz, María Ruzafa-Martínez, and César Hueso-Montoro. "Experiences and Attitudes of People with HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2 (2020): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020639.

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The aim of this article was to explore the experiences and attitudes of people with HIV/AIDS. A systematic review of qualitative studies was carried out. Twenty-seven articles were included, with sample sizes ranging from 3 to 78. Articles from North America, South America, Central America, Europe, and Africa were included. Five topics emerged from the synthesis: feelings about the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS; stigma and HIV/AIDS; changes in sexual behavior after becoming infected; living with the virus; and pregnancy and motherhood in seropositive women. The moment of diagnosis is of vital importance for these people due to feelings such as disappointment, sadness, fear, despair, lack of awareness, and pain. Social support is highly valued among these people and is linked to an improvement in these peoples’ quality of life. Different kinds of stigma accompany people with HIV/AIDS throughout their life, like social stigma, self-stigma, and health professionals’ stigma. Seropositive women who decide to become mothers can feel frustration because they cannot breastfeed. Spirituality helps some people to deal with the fact of being a virus or disease carrier.

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Chintsanya, Jesman, Monica Magadi, and Gloria Likupe. "A Multilevel Analysis of Risk and Protective Factors for Adolescent Childbearing in Malawi." Social Sciences 10, no. 8 (2021): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10080303.

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Although teenage pregnancy and childbearing has declined throughout sub-Saharan Africa, the recent increase in teenage pregnancy in countries such as Malawi has prompted interest from social researchers. Using Malawi Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) data from 2004 to 2015, this study employs multilevel logistic regression to examine the magnitude of change over time in risk and protective factors for teenage childbearing. During this period, teenage childbearing declined from 36.1% (C.I.: 31.5–36.7) in 2004 to 25.6% (C.I.: 24.0–27.3) in 2010 before increasing to 29.0% (C.I.: 27.4–30.7) in 2015. Age and being married (compared to never married) were consistently significantly associated with increased odds of teenage childbearing. However, delaying sexual debut, attaining secondary education, belonging to the richest quintile and rural residence offered protective effects against early motherhood, while Muslim affiliation (compared to Christian denominations) was associated with increased likelihood of teenage childbearing among adolescents. Teenage childbearing remains high in the country, largely influenced by adolescents’ early sexual debut and child marriage—risk factors that have hardly changed over time. While individual socioeconomic predictors are useful in explaining the apparent high risk of adolescent fertility among specific subgroups in Malawi, sustained declines in teenage childbearing were not evident at district level.

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Makate, Marshall, and Clifton Makate. "Education and teenage childbirth in Uganda." International Journal of Social Economics 45, no. 5 (2018): 746–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-03-2017-0077.

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Purpose The role of increased schooling on teenage childbirth has been expansively studied especially in developed countries. However, caveats remain in the case of low-income countries especially Sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the impact of increased schooling on the probability of first childbirth at 15 years or younger, 16-17, 18-19, and 20 years or older, in the important context of Uganda – a country with one of the highest adolescent fertility rates in Africa. Design/methodology/approach The empirical analysis uses recent data from the nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey for Uganda conducted in 2011. The authors then adopt a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, estimated using instrumental variables techniques that exploit the exogenous change in schooling impelled by the universal primary education policy enacted in 1997 in Uganda. The empirical approach compares the fertility outcomes for women born in 1984-1992 (i.e. exposed to the policy) to those born in 1973-1981 (i.e. non-exposed). Findings The authors find that a one-year increase in schooling lowers the probability of first childbirth at age the age of 15 years or younger, 16-17, 18-19, and 20 years or older by nearly 8.2, 9.2, 9.4, and 9.5 percentage points, respectively. Also, pathways through which education impacts teenage motherhood included information access through the media, increased literacy, prenatal care utilization, marital status, and unhealthy sexual behavior. Originality/value The paper uses nationally representative survey data to scrutinize the causal influence of schooling on the probability of first childbirth using the 1997 universal primary education in Uganda as a natural experiment to identify the impact of schooling. The study recommends that expanding primary schooling opportunities for girls may be an effective strategy toward accelerated reductions in teenage fertility in Uganda.

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Duma, Noxolo, and Thandinkosi Madiba. "The prevalence of peripartum depression and its relationship to mode of delivery and other factors among mothers in Ixopo, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa." South African Journal of Psychology 50, no. 4 (2020): 530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0081246320931355.

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Peripartum depression is a common mental health condition among mothers, occurring between 4 and 6 weeks post-delivery. This study sought to evaluate the influence that mode of delivery and other related factors have on the development of peripartum depression. The study was carried out in Ixopo, in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. All women whose infants had been delivered within 4–6 weeks of the study were included until the sample size of 276 was reached. A demographic questionnaire and an Edinburgh postnatal depression scale were administered. Mothers with Edinburgh postnatal depression scale scores of ⩾10 were considered to be suffering from peripartum depression, and peripartum depression was ruled out in those with a score of <10. A total of 110 mothers had Edinburgh postnatal depression scale score ⩾10, thus presenting a prevalence of 39.9%. Of these, 51 (46.4%) had undergone normal vaginal delivery and 59 had a Caesarean section (53.6%). Of the latter group, 23 had elective Caesarean section and 36 had emergency Caesarean section. Logistic regression showed no significant association between peripartum depression and mode of delivery ( p = .074); women who had delivered their child by emergency Caesarean section were three times more likely to develop peripartum depression compared to those who had delivered via normal vaginal delivery (odds ratio: 2.733, confidence interval: 1.002–7.452). Unemployment was found to have a statistically significant association with peripartum depression ( p = .003) and single motherhood was not associated ( p = .425). Emergency Caesarean sections and unemployment were shown to be risk factors for peripartum depression.

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Pillay, Nirvana. "‘There is no more future for me? Like really, are you kidding?’: agency and decision-making in early motherhood in an urban area in Johannesburg, South Africa." Global Health Action 14, no. 1 (2021): 1886456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2021.1886456.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Motherhood in Africa'

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