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1
Inam, Yasir, Jalal Uddin Akbar, Syed Zafar Mehdi, Arshad Hamid Khan, Anwar Ul Haq, and Saif Jalal. "Determining the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Mothers Regarding Neonatal Care at Department of Pediatrics Fatima Hospital, Baqai Medical University Karachi." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, no. 2 (2023): 417–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023172417.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the mother’s knowledge of neonatal care and their attitude towards existing preventive methods and practices. Materials and Methods: A hospital based Cross-Sectional descriptive Study was conducted on mothers who delivered recently in Fatima Hospital, Baqai Medical University and the mothers visiting with their neonate age of 28 days. Results: A total of 385 participants including the neonates of age 1 to 28 days were included in the study. We found statistically significant relationship between the mother’s age and the mother knowledge of neonatal care (P value = 0.002). Moreover, other factors that we found significantly conducive were the relationships between Illness and medication, mother’s age and breast feeding, mother’s education, and neonate vaccination (P value = 0.002). Conclusion: In this study, we observed that most of the mothers were unaware of neonatal care. Many of them were ignorant of the neonate vaccination and national immunization days. Most of them treated their sick neonates with traditional home remedies rather bringing them to the hospitals. A high proportion of mothers withheld breast feeding and top feeding during neonate illness. Their knowledge regarding infected umbilicus, neonate inactivity and lethargy was scarce. These findings indicate that there is a room of improvement in the current mother’s knowledge and practices of neonatal care. This study will facilitate the policy makers to design new care seeking practices that foster better knowledge of neonatal care among mothers. Keywords: Neonatal Care, immunization, breast feeding
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Bello, Maria Ronallaine, and Shirley Kwong-Buizon. "Maternal and Neonatal Clinico-Demographic Profile and Outcomes During the Covid-19 Pandemic at the Chinese General Hospital and Medical Center." Pediatric Infectious Disease Society of the Philippines Journal 22, no. 2 (2021): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.56964/pidspj20212202007.
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Background: COVID-19 is an ongoing health concern that hospitals have struggled to keep up with, given its increasing burden with the passage of time. Considerations for the management of COVID-19 should be made especially for pregnant patients and their neonates. Objectives: To determine COVID-19 prevalence and the clinical profile of mothers admitted for childbirth at Chinese General Hospital and Medical Center from May 2020 to July 2020. The profile and outcomes of neonates born to these mothers were likewise studied. Materials and Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done that included mothers admitted for childbirth who had SARS-CoV-2 RT PCR swab test and their neonates. A total of 408 medical records of mother and neonate dyads were reviewed. Relevant variables such as the patients’ demographic profile, clinical characteristics, co-morbidities and the maternal and neonatal outcomes were obtained. Frequency distributions were made to assess the prevalence of COVID-19 among the patients, as well as maternal and neonatal outcomes. Results: Twenty-two (5.39%) mothers tested positive for COVID-19, while all neonates (n = 22) that underwent RT-PCR swab at the 24th hour of life had negative results. Of the 22 COVID-19 positive mothers, 2 (9.09%) were symptomatic upon admission while 20 (90.09%) were asymptomatic. The following were the key trends among those mothers who tested positive for COVID-19: (1) 81.82% were from ages 20-39 years old, (2) 72.73% were multigravida mothers, (3) 54.55% had normal spontaneous delivery, (4) diabetes mellitus was the only noted comorbidity. Key findings on the neonatal outcomes observed in the study population of both COVID-19 positive and negative cases, include: (1) majority of neonates had an APGAR score of greater than 7 at 1st and 5th minute of life; (2) higher frequency of neonates with Ballard’s score of more than 37 weeks AOG; (3) more male neonates as compared to female neonates; (4) a normal birth weight for majority of cases; (5) 45.45% of neonates born to COVID positive mothers had a length of stay of <48 hours as compared to 72.8% of neonates born to COVID negative mothers; and (6) neonatal pneumonia as the most common comorbid condition in both cases. Conclusion: This study noted a prevalence of 5.39% COVID-19 positive mothers. SARS-CoV-2 virus was not detected in all of the neonates born to COVID-19 affected mothers. Neonates delivered to COVID-19 positive mothers had similar trends in the neonatal outcomes when compared to neonates delivered to mother who were COVID-19 negative.
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Thaseen, Nazima, and Shivakumar Veeraiah. "Leukocyte profile in cord blood of newborns to diabetic and non-diabetic mothers." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 6 (2021): 1662. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20212233.
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Background: Increasing incidence of diabetes due to strees inducing life-style, involves dearrangement of carbohydrate, fat, protein metabolism characterized by hyperglycemia, hyperlipidimia and negative nitrogen balance respectively. Causing morbidity and mortality, effects gestational diabetes. Pregnancy, capacity to secrete insulin increases with gestational age, has effect in last trimester of pregnancy. Maternal glycemic-status influences neonates leucocyte profile.Methods: Fully automated haematology analyzer ABXMICROsot used to analyze cord blood of neonates born to 40 diabetic (known to be diabetic at pregnancy) and 40 non-diabetic mothers, collected in EDTA tubes. Diabetic group was sub divided into D1 and D2. D1 as 100-150 mg/dcl, D2 as above 150 mg/dcl. Statistical treatment of Levene's test of equality of variances applied to the data.Results: WBC count, granulocyte percent and monocyte percent were significantly lower, lymphocyte percent was higher in neonates to diabetic mothers. Significantly higher in D2 then D1group. The prognosis for the child of a pregnant diabetic is related to the degree of control of mother’s glycemic status, reflected higher indices in D2 then D1.Conclusions: Neonates immune system depends on the mother's immune system i.e.; immunological properties are practically under control of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6. Interleukin-6 potentiates action of interleukin-1 synergistically, such action of interleukin converts non-committed stem cells to committed stem cells. Immunosuppressant status in diabetic mother (i.e.; non-priming of neonatal interleukin-6 by immunosuppressant diabetic mother’s interleukin-6, main cause for altered counts) modulating neonatal interleukin-6 it decreases haematopoietic potential in the neonates, ECF in infants of diabetic mother is reduced leading to haemo-concentration, increasing cell count. Pictures as increase cell count at birth in neonates of diabetic mother.
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Baker, Herman, Steven Hockstein, Barbara DeAngelis, and Bart Holland. "Thiamin Status of Gravidas Treated for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Compared to Their Neonates at Parturition." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 70, no. 6 (2000): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.70.6.317.
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Since thiamin plays a role in glucose metabolism we wanted to know if blood thiamin influx from gravida to neonate was influenced by treatment of gravidas, having gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). In this study we found thiamin hypovitaminemia in 19%, of the 77 pregnancies despite vitamin supplementation and treatment for GDM; neonates born to mothers with hypovitaminemia were also thiamin hypovitaminemic. All neonatal blood had significantly higher thiamin concentration than gravidas. Indeed, cord blood from neonates born to mothers treated with insulin for GDM had significantly higher thiamin concentration than other neonates in the study. A significant weight depression was noted in neonates born to treated GDM mothers. Healthy gravidas giving birth to macrosomia neonates, had significant thiamin hypovitaminosis, but only macrosomic neonates of treated diabetic mothers had significantly depressed blood thiamin concentrations. We noted that subclinical thiamin hypovitaminemia is prominent during pregnancy despite vitamin supplementation. Perhaps increased thiamin supplementation during pregnancy seems warranted to avoid metabolic stress in mother and fetus due to thiamin hypovitaminemia.
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Mohammad, Banaz, and Shukir Hasan. "Mothers’ Knowledge Regarding Home Care Management of Neonatal Jaundice in Qaladze - Sulaymaniyah City." Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery 5, no. 2 (2022): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2022.08.
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Background and Objectives: Jaundice is the most common condition requiring medical attention in newborn babies. The mother has a significant role in reducing the effects. Early discharge of mothers and neonates from the hospitals increased the responsibility of mothers in recognizing jaundice has increased. This study aimed to assess the level of the mothers’ knowledge regarding home care management of neonatal jaundice. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Shahidan Qaladze Teaching Hospital from the period of January 2021 to March 2022. Purposive (non-probability) sampling techniques were used to recruit participants. The study sample included 114 mothers. Data was collected using a questionnaire prepared by the investigator, and direct interviews were conducted. Descriptive statistics including, frequencies and percentages, and inferential statistical analysis of Chi-square was used to analyze the data. Results: The results show that 34.2% of the mothers were between 26-32 years. Concerning occupation, more than three-quarters (86%) of the sample were housewives. The study demonstrated that the majority (64.9%) of mothers did not have enough in-formation about jaundice. There was a statistically significant association between parents’ relatives and the source of information regarding the mother’s knowledge. The study showed a statistically significant association between mothers’ knowledge and early initiation of breastfeeding. Factors associated with mother’s knowledge include the mother’s age, occupation, years of formal education, residency areas, received health education on neonate jaundice, and the source of information. Conclusion and Recommendations: The study concluded that most mothers had a deficit of knowledge regarding home care management of neonatal jaundice. It is recommended to provide mothers with comprehensive health education about neonatal jaundice care to improve their knowledge and practice in caring for neonates with jaundice.
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Abeillon-du Payrat, Juliette, Karim Chikh, Nadine Bossard, et al. "Predictive value of maternal second-generation thyroid-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin assay for neonatal autoimmune hyperthyroidism." European Journal of Endocrinology 171, no. 4 (2014): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-14-0254.
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ContextHyperthyroidism occurs in 1% of neonates born to mothers with active or past Graves' disease (GD). Current guidelines for the management of GD during pregnancy were based on studies conducted with first-generation thyroid-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) assays.ObjectiveThis retrospective study was conducted in order to specify the second-generation TBII threshold predictive of fetal and neonatal hyperthyroidism, and to identify other factors that may be helpful in predicting neonatal hyperthyroidism.MethodsWe included 47 neonates born in the Lyon area to 42 mothers harboring measurable levels of TBII during pregnancy. TBII measurements were carried out in all mothers; bioassays were carried out in 20 cases.ResultsNine neonates were born with hyperthyroidism, including five with severe hyperthyroidism requiring treatment. Three neonates were born with hypothyroidism. All hyperthyroid neonates were born to mothers with TBII levels >5 IU/l in the second trimester (sensitivity, 100% and specificity, 43%). No mother with TSH receptor-stimulating antibodies (TSAb measured by bioassay) below 400% gave birth to a hyperthyroid neonate. Among mothers of hyperthyroid neonates, who required antithyroid drugs during pregnancy, none could stop treatment before delivery. Analysis of TBII evolution showed six unexpected cases of increasing TBII values during pregnancy.ConclusionMaternal TBII value over 5 IU/l indicates a risk of neonatal hyperthyroidism. Among these mothers, a TSAb measurement contributes to identify more specifically those who require a close fetal thyroid ultrasound follow-up. These results should be confirmed in a larger series.
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Kim, Janice, Hilary Rosen, Kristen Angel, et al. "Transmission of Listeriosis in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Supported by Whole-Genome Sequencing." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (2020): s53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.536.
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Background: Listeriosis is a rare but serious infectious disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes (LM) and predominantly transmitted through contaminated food. Moreover, 15% of listeriosis cases in the United States are pregnancy associated; nosocomial neonatal transmission in hospitals is extremely rare. In July 2018, the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) was notified of 4 patients, a mother–neonate pair and twin neonates, with listeriosis at the same hospital. The CDPH and San Diego County Health and Human Services Agency initiated an investigation to determine transmission and prevent additional infections. Methods: We reviewed medical records of the neonates and their mothers, interviewed the mothers with a detailed food exposure questionnaire, interviewed healthcare personnel (HCP), and performed an infection control assessment of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). CDPH performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on LM isolates that were then analyzed by whole-genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST) by the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) to assess relatedness in PulseNet, a public health laboratory database. The CDC also performed testing for LM on formalin-fixed placentas from the mother of the twins. Results: During a 1-week period, 4 patients with LM were identified at the hospital. A mother was admitted at 31 weeks gestation with acute abdominal and back pain that progressed with precipitous vaginal delivery and postpartum sepsis. Her neonate was resuscitated, transported to the NICU, underwent a sepsis evaluation, received antibiotics, and was transferred to another hospital within 6 hours. Maternal blood, placenta, and neonatal blood cultures grew LM. Twin neonates, born to an asymptomatic mother and present in the NICU during the index neonate’s stay, developed acute infection 4 and 6 days after the index neonate’s transfer; blood cultures confirmed LM. The LM isolates from the 4 patients were indistinguishable by wgMLST and were not related to other PulseNet isolates. LM was not detected in the twin placentas. There were no common food exposures between the mothers. At least 1 common HCP cared for all 3 neonates. Infection control lapses included lack of proper hand hygiene during the index neonate’s resuscitation and potentially after cleaning and disinfection of the neonate’s incubator. Conclusions: This report provides supportive evidence that nosocomial transmission of LM can occur during a brief NICU stay due to lapses in infection control practices. Strict adherence to standard precautions in the delivery room and NICU is imperative to prevent cross transmission.Disclosures: NoneFunding: None
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Kachapati, Anuja, and Badri Kumar Gupta. "Impact of Physical Health Status of Antenatal Mothers on their Neonates." Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences 7, no. 1 (2019): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v7i1.24694.
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INTRODUCTION: Newborn health is closely related to that of their mothers. The simple indicators of the mother like haemoglobin level, height, weight, gestational age of the mother will give the first hand information of deviated health of the neonates.
 MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive correlation study was conducted to assess the impact of physical health status of antenatal mothers on their neonates, 170 antenatal mothers and their born neonates were selected by using purposive sampling. Semi-structured interview schedule, observation of record review and measurement of physical health parameters were used for data collection. A descriptive and inferential statistics were used to investigate the relationships between the variables of antenatal mothers with their neonates with SPSS software version 16.
 RESULTS: The study findings revealed that the weight of the neonates has statistically significant correlation with the maternal weight, height, hemoglobin and maternal gestational weeks; length of the neonates has statistically significant correlation with the maternal height, maternal weight and maternal age; Gestational age (Ballard score) with the maternal gestational weeks and neonates birth weight; neonates head circumference has statistically significant with the maternal height, gestational weeks and maternal weight; chest circumference of the neonates has statistically significant with the maternal height and maternal weight.
 CONCLUSION: The study concluded that there was a significant correlation between the selected maternal weight, height, hemoglobin and gestational weeks with neonatal weight; maternal height, weight, age with neonatal length, head circumference, chest circumference and maternal gestational weeks with neonate gestation age by Ballard score.
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Rasamoelison, Rina J., Setra H. Rambeloson, Hanitriniaina S. C. Samena, and Annick L. Robinson. "Impact of extreme maternal age on neonatal outcomes." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 9, no. 11 (2022): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20222760.
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Background: Pregnancies at extreme ages of reproductive life are considered to be at high risk for mother and neonate. The aim of the study was to determine neonatal risks associated with extreme maternal age.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Befelatanana Maternity covering the period from 1 January to 31 December 2018. Data was collected from neonate’s medical files.Results: Of 789 neonates from mothers with extreme age included, 64.7% were from mothers under the age of 18, and 35.3% from mothers aged 40 and over. They were compared to 519 neonates from mothers aged 20-30. Maternal age under 18 was a risk factor for Apgar index below 7 at the 5th minute RR 1.69 (95% CI 1.17, 2.44), preterm birth RR 2.19 (95% CI 1.70, 2.80), low birthweight RR 2.03 (95% CI 1.53, 2.53) and admission to neonatalogy RR 2.64 (95% CI 2.20, 3.16). Also, the neonatal risks of pregnancy after 40 years were fetal death in utero RR 2.97 (95% CI 1.51, 5.85), low birthweight RR 2.47 (95% CI 1.97, 3.10), preterm birth RR 2.85 (95% CI 2.21, 3.68), and admission to Neonatalogy RR 3.06 (95% CI 2.54, 3.68).Conclusions: The extreme age of the mother is therefore a risk of neonatal adverse outcomes. Rigorous prenatal follow-up is needed for these high-risk pregnancies.
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Kaur, Gunjanpreet, Sunita Arora, Kamalpreet Singh, Mandeep Singh, and Arshpreet Kaur. "Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in neonatal population." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 7 (2020): 1519. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20202608.
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Background: The objectives of this study was to study the prevalence of thyroid disorders in high risk neonatal populations and to study association of maternal thyroid dysfunction with neonatal thyroid problems and outcome.Methods: This was an observational study, conducted in NICU at Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar. The study included neonates born to mothers with thyroid disorder or with clinical features suggestive of thyroid dysfunction. Neonates with history of maternal thyroid dysfunction were screened at 72 to 96 hrs of postnatal age. Those with TSH >10 mIU/L or free T4 <1.1 ng /ml were followed up after two weeks. The neonates with clinical features suggestive of thyroid dysfunction were screened at presentation and those with abnormal thyroid profile were followed up after two weeks. Results obtained were statistically analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software.Results: Out of 260 neonates screened, 208 neonates were born to mothers with hypothyroidism, 6 neonates had increased levels of TSH during first week which normalised on follow up during third week. One neonate born to hyperthyroid mother, showed increased TSH levels during first week and 2nd week which declined to normal level on follow up at 3rd week. Out of 51 neonates with clinical features suggestive of thyroid dysfunction, born to euthyroid mothers, 3 neonates had increased levels of TSH on presentation which normalised on further follow up. Thus, majority of high risk neonates at birth show transient hypothyroidism.Conclusions: None of the neonate was labelled as hypothyroid, all the 10 neonates showed transient hyperthyrotropinemia.
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Afjeh, Seyyed-Abolfazl, Mohammad Kazem Sabzehei, Roxana Mansor Ghanaie, Mahdiyeh Karimizadeh, Ahmad Reza Shamshiri, and Fatemeh Esmaili. "Chorioamnionitis and Neonates; Which Strategy?" Archives of Iranian Medicine 23, no. 7 (2020): 480–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/aim.2020.45.
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Background: Chorioamnionitis (CAM) is one of the major risk factors for neonatal early-onset sepsis (EOS). Different international guidelines have been developed for diagnosis and care of such neonates. This research aimed to evaluate our neonates and compare them with the guidelines. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted during five years (March 2012 to March 2017), and comprised of neonates (any gestational age) born to mothers with CAM (any criteria). The neonates’ clinical findings and interventions were collected and analyzed. Results: In total, out of 28,988 live born neonates, CAM was found in mothers of 169 neonates (1.7%). Among the studied neonates, 30.8% were born ≤34 week of gestation, 39% had birth weight <2500 g, and 58.6% were asymptomatic. Out of 99 asymptomatic neonates, 47 were observed near mothers and 52 admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The frequency of abnormal tests was 23.07% in asymptomatic vs. 35.7% in symptomatic neonates; three neonates developed culture positive EOS (2.75%) and 68.05% of the neonates received antibiotics. The length of stay was 2.59 ± 1.13 (median = 2.00, IQR = 1.00) days in asymptomatic vs. 15.15 ± 13.67 (median = 7.00, IQR = 15.25) days in symptomatic neonates (P<0.001). Conclusion: The use of guidelines increased the length of stay, lab tests, and antibiotics in asymptomatic and neonates with negative blood culture. In addition to the mother-neonate separation, these guidelines may increase nosocomial infection, antibiotic resistance, and costs; therefore, new guidelines are needed to be developed.
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Upadhyay, Shobhit, Rajeshwar Dayal, and Madhu Nayak. "Study of the clinical profile and outcome of the neonates born to COVID-19 positive mothers: a tertiary care centre experience from western Uttar Pradesh." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 12, no. 1 (2024): 60–65. https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20243855.
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Background: A major concern of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy is its possible effects on newborns. In the context of mother-to-child transmission, some studies have reported that there were no SARS-CoV-2-positive infants born to a cohort of mothers with COVID-19 while others have reported an incidence of as high as 10%. The study is conducted to describe the clinical profile of neonates born to mothers who tested positive for COVID- 19 infection and to determine the association of neonatal COVID 19 status. Methods: This cross sectional study includes neonates born to COVID 19 positive mothers. Neonates born to mothers who were diagnosed before delivery were tested by RT-PCR within 24 h of birth. Results: Out of 120 babies born to COVID positive mothers, 5 newborns (4.2%) were found to be COVID positive, diagnosed through RT-PCR. Among COVID positive babies four out of five were symptomatic (p<0.001) and required respiratory support in any form (p=0.001). All of the COVID positive neonates were discharged, while there was one mortality noted among covid negative babies (0.9%), however there was no statistically significant association between mortality and COVID infection in the neonates (p=0.498). Conclusions: The proportion of covid positive neonates born to COVID-19-positive women were very low (p=4.2). The study supports milder manifestation in COVID-19 infected neonates and risk of transmission of COVID-19 infection from mother to neonate by rooming in and breastfeeding is low.
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Viar, John Ryan G., and Elaine C. Cunanan. "The Association of Antenatal Steroids and Hypoglycemia in Preterm Neonates." Journal of Medicine, University of Santo Tomas 5, no. 1 (2021): 604–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35460/2546-1621.2020-0027.
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Objective Antenatal steroids have shown to decrease the rate of neonatal complications and morbidity; however, neonates are predisposed to significant hypoglycemia resulting in invasive interventions and prolonged nursery admissions. The risk of hypoglycemia in the preterm has been well studied, but the association of antenatal steroids and hypoglycemia in preterm neonates has not been well explored. Thus, we sought to determine the association of antenatal steroids given to mothers who delivered prematurely and the development of neonatal hypoglycemia. Methods A cross-sectional study using chart review was done on mother–preterm neonate pairs admitted in the charity obstetrical ward of The University of Santo Tomas Hospital from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019. The subjects were mothers either given or not given antenatal steroids before preterm delivery and their respective neonates. The provision of antenatal steroids was the primary exposure, while neonatal hypoglycemia was the primary outcome. Measurement of association was done using odds ratios. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done. Results Of the 69 preterm neonates included in the study, hypoglycemia was observed in 14 neonates, among which 8 neonates were exposed to antenatal steroids. After examining the association using Fisher’s exact formula and controlling for potential confounders, neonatal hypoglycemia was not significantly higher among neonates exposed to antenatal steroids. Conclusion Antenatal steroids given to mothers who delivered preterm were not associated with the development of neonatal hypoglycemia. A prospective study model, larger population size and longer study coverage should be made to strengthen the outcome of the study.
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Jena, Pravati, Santosh K. Panda, Manas Nayak, Soumini Rath, and Deepti D. Pradhan. "Maternal clinical profile and immediate neonatal outcome in term large for gestational age neonates." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 10 (2019): 4253. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20194152.
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Background: The objective of the study was to know the maternal clinical profile and short term outcome of term large-for-gestational-age (LGA) neonates.Methods: The study was a prospective observational study conducted in the tertiary neonatal unit, Odisha, during the study period February to November 2018. All inborn term neonates with birth weight above 90th percentile for gestational age excluding neonates with major congenital anomalies were included. Maternal clinical profile data from the antenatal records, neonatal demographic profile and co-morbidities over time were recorded using a checklist. The analysis of data was done using SPSS 21.0. Univariate summary statistics and bivariate Fischer’s exact test were used to analyse the data.Results: The prevalence of delivery of LGA and macrosomic neonate in our institution was 2.5%, and 1.1% respectively. Ninety one percent of LGA neonates were born before 39weeks and 80% babies delivered by cesarean section. Majority 39 (86.7%) of LGA babies were born to non-diabetic mother, four (8.9%) neonates born to GDM mother, two (4.4%) were born to mother with pre pregnancy diabetes mellitus. Sixteen (35.5%) neonates were admitted to NICU for different comorbidities like neonatal jaundice (37.8%), polycythemia (24.4%), transient tachypnea of new-born (20%), hypoglycemia (15.6%), hypocalcaemia (15.6%), and seizure (4.4%). The comorbidities like hypoglycaemia, hypocalcemia, respiratory distress were more in LGA babies with diabetic mother compared to non-diabetic mother.Conclusions: About nine in ten LGA neonates were born to non-diabetic mothers, however, LGA infants of diabetic mothers are at higher risk of metabolic complications like hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia compared to non-diabetic mother.
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Schwartz, Sabrina, and Deborah A. Raines. "When a Baby Is Sent Away: Evidence to Support Best Practice After Neonatal Transport." Neonatal Network 37, no. 3 (2018): 178–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.37.3.178.
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Every day neonates are transported from the birth hospital to a tertiary neonatal care center. Separation of mother and neonate in the hours immediately following birth interrupts the bonding process and can have long-term implications for the mother–child relationship. This article synthesizes the literature focused on mothers’ experiences with a neonate being transported to a tertiary NICU and identifies evidence-based practices specific to these situations.
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Talikoti, Mallikarjun, Deepa Kundargi, Siddu Charki, Chinmaya Rodgi, and M. M. Patil. "Impact of “Immediate Kangaroo Mother Care” on Survival of Low Birth Weight Neonates in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Prospective Cohort Study." International Journal of Child Health and Nutrition 13, no. 4 (2024): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4247.2024.13.04.7.
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Background: “Kangaroo mother care,” a type of newborn care involving skin-to-skin contact with the mother or other caregiver (grandmother), reduces mortality in neonates with low birth weight (< 2 kg) when initiated after stabilization, but the majority of deaths occur before stabilization. The safety and efficacy of kangaroo mother care initiated soon after birth among neonates with low birth weight iKMC is uncertain. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study involving neonates with a birth weight < 1.8 kg who were assigned to receive immediate kangaroo mother care (intervention) or conventional care in a radiant warmer until their condition stabilized and kangaroo mother care after that (control). The primary outcomes were death in the neonatal period (the first 28 days of life) and the first 72 hours of life. Results: Two hundred eleven neonates and their mothers were assigned to the intervention group (106 neonates with their mothers) or the control group (105 neonates with their mothers). The median daily duration of skin-to-skin contact in the neonatal intensive care unit was 9.9 hours (interquartile range, 6.0 to 15.7) in the intervention group and 3.5 hours (interquartile range, 1.3 to 6.3) in the control group. Neonatal death occurred in the first 28 days in 12% neonates in the intervention group and 15.7% neonates in the control group (relative risk of death, 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64 to 0.89; P=0.001); neonatal death in the first 72 hours of life occurred in 4.6% neonates in the intervention group and 5.8% neonates in the control group (Relative risk of death, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.58to 1.04; P = 0.09). Conclusions: Among neonates with a birth weight < 1.8 kg, those who received immediate kangaroo mother care had lower mortality at 28 days than those who received conventional care with kangaroo mother care initiated after stabilization; the between-group difference favoring immediate kangaroo mother care at 72 hours was not significant.
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Jamie, Arif Hussen. "PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANT FACTORS OF NEONATAL SEPSIS AMONG NEONATES ADMITTED AT HIWOT-FANA SPECIALIZED REFERRAL HOSPITAL, HARAR, ETHIOPIA, 2020." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD) 3, no. 2 (2022): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36566/ijhsrd/vol3.iss3/94.
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Background: Neonatal sepsis is a systemic infection occurring in neonatal life and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns .It accounts for five million newborn deaths Objectives:- The objective of this study was to assess Prevalence of neonatal sepsis and its determinant factors among neonates admitted in Hiwot-Fana Specialized Referral Hospital, Harar, Ethiopia, 2020 Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study with retrospective document review method was conducted in Hiwot-Fana Specialized Referral Hospital in Harar town. Sample size was calculated by using single population proportion sample formula and the final sample size was 292.The study subject was selected by using systematic random sampling method, and adopted data collection tool was used. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version-20. Descriptive analyses were performed and bivariate analyses were used to find out the association of independent variables. Result: The overall prevalence of neonatal sepsis in this study was 52.7%..This study found out that PROM of the mother, gestational age of neonates and birth weight of the neonate were significantly associated with neonatal sepsis.. Conclusion: The associated risk factors for neonatal sepsis were identified as PROM of the mother, gestational age of neonates and birth weight of the neonate. Recommendation:Therefore, preventive efforts should focus on high risk neonates such as neonates born from mothers who have PROM, neonate with low birth weight and neonates born prematurely. Thus, a careful monitoring and follow up as well as rigorous treatment are needed.
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Yang, Jie, Zhuxiao Ren, Lingkong Zeng, et al. "Challenges and improvement in management of neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in China." Frigid Zone Medicine 2, no. 2 (2022): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fzm-2022-0013.
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Abstract Objective China was the first country suffering from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and one of the countries with stringent mother-neonate isolation measure implemented. Now increasing evidence suggests that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) should not be taken as an indication for formula feeding or isolation of the infant from the mother. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study in 44 hospitals from 14 provinces in China to investigate the management of neonates whose mothers have confirmed or suspected COVID-19. In addition, 65 members of Chinese Neonatologist Association (CNA) were invited to give their comments and suggestions on the clinical management guidelines for high-risk neonates. Results There were 121 neonates born to 118 mothers suspected with COVID-19 including 42 mothers with SARS-CoV-2 positive results and 76 mothers with SARS-CoV-2 negative results. All neonates were born by caesarean section, isolated from their mothers immediately after birth and were formula-fed. Five neonates were positive for SARS-CoV-2 at initial testing between 36 and 46 h after birth. Regarding the confusion on the clinical management guidelines, 58.78% of the newborns were put into isolation, 32.22% were subject to PCR tests, and 5.16% and 2.75% received breastfeeding and vaccination, respectively. Conclusion The clinical symptoms of neonates born to mothers with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 were mild, though five neonates might have been infected in utero or during delivery. Given the favorable outcomes of neonates born to COVID-confirmed mothers, full isolation may not be warranted. Rather, separation of the mother and her newborn should be assessed on a case-by-case basis, considering local facilities and risk factors for adverse outcomes, such as prematurity and fetal distress.
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Prusty, Nilamadhab, Sai Y. Peela, Haifa Manaf, Smit Thakkar, Yaswanthi Yanamadala, and Chapala Shashank. "Vitamin D Levels Assessment among the Neonates with and without Seizures: A Single Center Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 16, Suppl 1 (2024): S293—S295. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_497_23.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: The impact that vitamin D (vit D) has on a variety of medical conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular, oncological, and central nervous system disorders has been a topic of interest for many years now. It is well-known that vit D deficiency is substantially more common in epileptics than in healthy subjects. The current research was piloted to analyse the vit D levels of the blood in newborns with seizures, as well as mothers’ vit D status included subjects. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional examination was piloted at a tertiary care center, which had a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The subjects were neonates and their mothers. The levels of vit D were measured in term and late preterm newborns who had been brought to the NICU with convulsions. Term or late preterm infants who were healthy and hospitalized in the same hospital’s postnatal unit as their mothers served as the controls for the study. Demographics, as well as the vit D levels of both the neonate and the mother, were estimated and compared and evaluated for any significance, keeping significance at less than 0.05. Results: Of the 72 neonates included, they were similarly distributed between the epileptic (37) and healthy subjects. (40) The mothersy subjects.cluded, they were sim D levels averaged 15.11 ded, they were similarly distributed b D levels of their newborns were 13.26 ± 5.12 ng/mL (P = 0.77). There was no significant variance between the healthy and epileptic neonates (P = 0.212). Conclusion: The current studyficant variance between the healthy and epileptic neonates (eptic with convulsions. Termserum vit D levels and epileptic activity in neonates. Nevertheless, the levels of the vitamin were < 20 ng/mL among all the neonates. Interventions to improve the vit D levels have to be implemented.
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Latifi-Pupovci, Hatixhe, Violeta Lokaj-Berisha, and Besa Lumezi. "Relationship of Cord Blood Immunoglobulin E and Maternal Immunoglobulin E with Birth Order and Maternal History of Allergy in Albanian Mother/Neonate Pairs." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 6 (2017): 751–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.150.
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BACKGROUND: Previous studies reported that familial factors such as birth order and mothers atopy might influence cord blood levels and development of allergies.AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship of cord blood IgE and maternal IgE with birth order and mothers history of allergy in Albanian mother/neonate pairs.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study population represented 291 mother-infant pairs. Mothers were interviewed with a questionnaire for personal history of allergy and pregnancy history whereas serum IgE levels were determined using sandwich IRMA assay.RESULTS: The mean level of cIgE in neonates with detectable levels was 1.59 (n = 78). No significant difference in means of cIgE was found between first born and later born neonates (p = 0.232) and between neonates of mothers with a negative and positive history of allergy (p = 0.125). Also, no significant difference was found between means of mIgE by birth order, whereas there was a significant difference of mIgE between mothers with and without a history of allergy (p = 0.01). In a group of neonates with detectable cIgE levels, maternal IgE levels were moderately correlated with cIgE levels.CONCLUSION: Cord blood IgE is not affected by birth order and mothers history of allergy, whereas mothers IgE are affected by the history of allergy but not by birth order.
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Sunil, Kumar Singh, and Kumar Anil. "A Prospective Observational Study Assessing Outcome in Neonates Born to Mother with Pre-Eclampsia." International Journal of Toxicological and Pharmacological Research 14, no. 1 (2024): 214–19. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10972042.
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<strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the present study was to assess the outcome in neonates born to mother with pre-eclampsia. <strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective observational study carried out in neonatal unit. 100 Neonates born to mother with history of pre-eclampsia between and admitted in NICU were taken in to study after informed written parent consent. <strong>Results: </strong>39 (39%) neonates of < 32 weeks, 25 (25%) neonates between 32-< 34 weeks, 24 (24%) neonates between 34-<37 weeks and 12 (12%) neonates were ≥ 37 weeks gestation. The percentage of neutropenia and septicemia was less as gestational age advances in neonates. It was statistically significant with p value 0.007 which was statistically significant. It is also seen that as the gestational age decreases more is chance of having neutropenia and septicemia in babies. 34 (34%) neonates were between 1.5- 2.5kg birth weight, 32 (32%) neonates were between 1-<1.5kg birth weight, 24 (24%) neonates had birth weight <1kg. Out of 40 neutropenic neonates, 20 neonates had birth weight between 1-<1.5kg, 16 neonates were < 1kg birth weight and 9 neonates had birth between 1.5-2.5kg. Similarly out of total septicemic neonates 5 neonates had birth weight between 1-<1.5 kg, 3 neonates were <1kg birth weight and 2 neonates between 1.5-2.5kg birth weight. The common perinatal outcome was RDS (46%) followed by IUGR babies 32%, birth asphyxia in 12% neonates, NEC was seen in 10% , 8% neonates had culture positive sepsis. 40 mothers has severe hypertension and 22 neonates born to them were having neutropenia, similarly 60 mothers with mild to moderate hypertension and 26 neonates born to them had neutropenia. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pregnancy induced hypertension is one of the most common causes of both maternal and neonatal morbidity. The risk for delivering prematurely is high in babies born to mothers with pre-eclampsia. Pre-eclampsia is one of the causative factors for preterm and low birth weight babies. There is higher number of interventional surgical deliveries amongst preeclamptic mothers. Perinatal outcome of babies born to mother with preeclampsia are RDS, IUGR, Sepsis, NEC, birth asphyxia.
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Sihite, Benjamin, Makmur Sitepu, Khairani Sukatendel, et al. "Serological description of neonatal umbilical cord blood from pregnant woman confirmed with positive COVID-19 by RT-PCR at Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat H. Adam Malik, Medan, Indonesia." Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi 30, no. 3 (2022): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mog.v30i32022.128-133.
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HIGHLIGHTS 1. COVID-19 raises concern in regard with its effect on pregnancy.2. The serological descriptions of umbilical cord of neonates born from mothers suffering from COVID-19 were identified.3. Most of the serology was non-reactive IgG and IgM, followed was reactive IgG and the least was the reactive IgM. ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the serological description of the neonatal umbilical cord in COVID-19 mothers confirmed by RT-PCR at Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) H. Adam Malik Medan in January-June 2021. Materials and Methods: This study was an observational study with a case series approach where the cases were mothers infected with SARS CoV-2 confirmed by RT-PCR. The study was conducted at Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) Hospital Laboratory and RSUP H. Adam Malik for 6 months, from January 2021 to June 2021. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. If the data were normally distributed, they were presented as mean + SD; otherwise, they were presented as median (min-max) for each variable. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 (IBM SPSS Corp.; Armonk, NY, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Results: Neonatal umbilical cord serology results (IgM and IgG) were predominantly non-reactive, where IgM was non-reactive in 43 neonates (97.7%) and IgG was non-reactive in 37 neonates (84.1%). In mothers without COVID-19 symptoms, neonate umbilical cord serology results were dominated by non-reactive IgM (88.6%) and IgG (79.5%). In mothers who recovered from COVID-19, neonate umbilical cord serology results were also dominated by non-reactive IgM (95.5%) and IgG (81.8%). Conclusion: The neonatal umbilical cord serology results from the mother confirmed with positive COVID-19 were nonreactive IgG and IgM in the majority of 35 (79%) samples, reactive IgG in 7 (15.9%), and reactive IgM in 1 (2%) sample.
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C V, Sumalatha, Kumari Vijaya, and Subhashini Lavanya. "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme Regarding the Management of Selected Neonatal Health Problems among Mothers of Neonates in a Selected Hospital at Kolar District." JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES 13, no. 1 (2023): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.58739/jcbs/v13i1.22.128.
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Background: From birth to initial four weeks of life is known as Neonate. The term early neonatal phase describes fundamental week of life. While the late neonatal period refers to the time between 7 and 28 days of existence. Minor newborn health problems are the main cause of morbidity in several children. Particularly common in low birth weight and premature babies and these minor problems may be the indication of major underlying diseases. Methods : The main target of this research is to assess and compare the impact of organised teaching methods on selected minor neonatal health problems among the mother of neonates. The study was carried out at SNR District Hospital, Kolar. There are 60 mothers of neonates admitted in postpartum unit were chosen for the research. The Quantitative Pre experimental study design was employed for the investigation. Mothers of neonates (n=60) were admitted in postnatal ward at SNR district hospital, Kolar were picked up by convenient sampling method. Likelihood of the research clarification of that instrument was evaluated through pilot study. Pre-test was led by utilizing questionnaire method. Treatment then introduced as well as after seven days after testing was performed for the same group. Results : In this research, the investigator analyzed that the average mean percentile of the pre-test result was 27.16% with the mean (8.15) and standard deviation (2.18). The post-test average mean percentage was 77.86 % with mean (23.36) and standard deviation, too (2.33). Interpretation and conclusion: The research found that there is a remarkable advancement in relation to understanding of mothers of neonates after receiving the organised educational programme on management of neonatal health problems. Keywords: Neonates, Teaching, Effectiveness, Health problem
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Harakeh, Steve, Ihsan Alam Khan, Gulab Fatima Rani, et al. "Transplacental Transfer of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain IgG Antibodies from Mothers to Neonates in a Cohort of Pakistani Unvaccinated Mothers." Biomedicines 11, no. 6 (2023): 1651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061651.
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The presence of COVID-19 antibodies in the maternal circulation is assumed to be protective for newborns against SARS-CoV-2 infection. We investigated whether maternal COVID-19 antibodies crossed the transplacental barrier and whether there was any difference in the hematological parameters of neonates born to mothers who recovered from COVID-19 during pregnancy. The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Saidu Group of Teaching Hospitals, located in Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. After obtaining written informed consent, 115 healthy, unvaccinated mother-neonate dyads were included. A clinical history of COVID-19-like illness, laboratory-confirmed diagnosis, and contact history were obtained. Serum samples from mothers and neonates were tested for SARS-CoV-2 anti-receptor-binding domain (anti-RBD) IgG antibodies. Hematological parameters were assessed with complete blood counts (CBC) and peripheral blood smear examinations. The study population consisted of 115 mothers, with a mean age of 29.44 ± 5.75 years, and most women (68/115 (59.1%)) were between 26 and 35 years of age. Of these mothers, 88/115 (76.5 percent) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 anti-RBD IgG antibodies, as did 83/115 (72.2 percent) neonatal cord blood samples. The mean levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in maternal and neonatal blood were 19.86 ± 13.82 (IU/mL) and 16.16 ± 12.90 (IU/mL), respectively, indicating that maternal antibodies efficiently crossed the transplacental barrier with an antibody transfer ratio of 0.83. The study found no significant difference in complete blood count (CBC) parameters between seropositive and seronegative mothers, nor between neonates born to seropositive and seronegative mothers.
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Islam, Md Manirul, Be Nazir Ahmmad, Md Rezaul Karim, Md Rokibul Islam, Md Belal Uddin, and Md Sanaul Hoque. "Glucose and Calcium Profile in Infants of Diabetic and Nondiabetic mothers- A Comparative Study." TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association 35, no. 2 (2023): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/taj.v35i2.63757.
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Background: Diabetes is one of the commonest and most important metabolic disorders that affect the health of pregnant women and infants. Diabetic mellitus is one of the most common metabolic disorders complicating pregnancy. The neonatal mortality rate is over five times that of nondiabetic mothers and is higher irrespective of birth weight and gestational age. There has been significant improvement in the outcome of diabetic pregnancies largely due to better metabolic control before and during pregnancy and vigorous neonatal care in developed countries. The management in our country still poses a major challenge.
 Methods: This case-control study was designed to find out the association between an infant's hypoglycemia and hypocalcemia with maternal diabetes. For the research, a total of 300 neonates were selected, where cases were selected from infants of diabetic mothers, and the control group was selected from infants of nondiabetic mothers. The mothers were interviewed by specific questionnaire, selected neonates were examined, and some biochemical tests were done to find out the outcome.
 Results: The study included 300 neonates of diabetic and nondiabetic mothers. The mean age of the Mothers of these neonates was 25.36 (SD±5.50) years. Among diabetic mothers 115(76%) had GDM and 36(23.8%) had PGDM. It is revealed that 83 (55%) of 150 mothers took insulin as the treatment. Hypoglycemia in neonates of diabetic and nondiabetic mothers right after birth at their first ½ hour of age 111 (37%). Hypoglycemia was found in 94 (62.3%) of infants of the diabetic mother than only 17(11.4%) in infants of the nondiabetic mother. Where the p-value is <0.001, which explains developing hypoglycemia in the infant of a diabetic mother is higher than nondiabetic mother. The number of hypocalcemic infants of the diabetic mother was 34 (22.5%), while hypocalcemic infants of the nondiabetic mother were only 8 (5.4%), which is significantly (p-value <0.001) lower.
 Conclusions: Hypoglycemia and hypocalcemia in infants were directly associated with the presence of diabetes during pregnancy. In spite of intensive management of maternal diabetes, the infants of diabetic mothers continue to be a high-risk population. Among the pregnancies complicated by diabetes, GDM continues to have a major contribution. Hypoglycemia remains the most common biochemical abnormality, followed by hypocalcemia. Therefore, this pregnancy complication will require increased re- sources to manage appropriate glycemic control during pregnancy and reduce adverse perinatal outcomes.
 TAJ 2022; 35: No-2: 93-102
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Aslan, Mustafa Törehan, Zeynep İnce, Leyla Bilgin, Çiğdem Kunt İşgüder, and Asuman Çoban. "Is it possible to predict morbidities in neonates born to mothers with immune thrombocytopenic purpura?: A retrospective cross-sectional study." Medicine 103, no. 25 (2024): e38587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038587.
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Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) comprises ~1% to 4% of thrombocytopenia cases during pregnancy. Factors predicting neonatal thrombocytopenia and associated morbidities due to maternal ITP are unclear. The present study aimed to assess the neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with ITP. Fifty-five pregnant women with ITP and their babies, born between January/2013 and April/2021, were retrospectively reviewed. Maternal and neonatal thrombocytopenia cases other than ITP were excluded from the study. Physical examination, blood count, and cranial/abdominal ultrasonography findings of the newborns were recorded. Neonatal thrombocytopenia was defined as a platelet count < 150 × 109/L. Relationship between neonatal thrombocytopenia and maternal factors was investigated. Thrombocytopenia was detected in 17/55 babies (30.9%), and 8/17 (47.1%) had symptoms of bleeding, all but one being mild bleeding. There was a significant correlation between neonatal platelet counts of < 100 × 109/L and maternal splenectomy history. Incidence of moderate and severe thrombocytopenia was higher (statistically insignificant) in neonates of mothers with ITP. No significant correlation was determined between maternal and neonatal platelet counts. There was a weak insignificant correlation between platelet counts of neonates of mothers with or without thrombocytopenia. A significant correlation was found between the presence of splenectomy before delivery in the mother and a platelet count of < 100 × 109/L in the neonate. Moderate and severe thrombocytopenia was higher in neonates of mothers diagnosed with ITP before pregnancy and needed treatment during pregnancy and/or delivery, but the difference was insignificant. Close follow-up of babies born to mothers with ITP after birth is crucial since there is no significant prediction criterion for developing neonatal thrombocytopenia and associated morbidities.
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Thaseen, Nazima, and Shivakumar Veeraiah. "Erythrocyte profile in cordblood of newborns to diabetic and non-diabetic mothers." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 2 (2021): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20210422.
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Background: Diabetes, an endocrinal disorder causing morbidity and mortality has its effect on gestational diabetes. Intrapartum stress, maternal hyperglycemia leads to fetal hyperglycemia. The maternal glycaemic status has influence on neonates erythrocyte profile.Methods: Cord blood of neonates born to 40 diabetic (known to be diabetic at pregnancy) and 40 non-diabetic mothers were selected. A fully automated hematology analyzer ABXMICROsot was used to analyze whole blood collected in EDTA tubes. The diabetic group was subdivided into D1 and D2. D1 as 100-150 mg/dcl, D2 as above 150 mg/dcl.Results: Hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, RDW were significantly higher, RBC count were comparatively insignificant. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were significantly higher in D2 than D1 group. The prognosis for the child of a pregnant diabetic is related to the degree of control of mother’s glycemic status, reflected as higher indices in D2 than D1.Conclusions: Neonatal immune system depends on maternal immune system i.e, all the immunological properties are practically under the control of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6. Interleukin-6 potentiates the action of interleukin-1 synergistically, such action of interleukin converts noncommitted stem cells to committed stem cells. Immunosuppressant status in diabetic mother (i.e., non-priming of neonatal interleukin-6 by immunosuppressant diabetic mother`s interleukin-6, the main cause for these altered count). By modulating neonatal interleukin-6 it decreases hematopoietic potential in the neonates, on the other hand ECF in infants of diabetic mother is reduced leading to hemoconcentration and increase in cell counts. Giving a picture as if polycythemia at birth in neonates of diabetic mothers.
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Ahmadu, Baba Usman, Machoko Yenti, Akuhwa Randolph Tartenger, Takwale Joseph, and Aliyu Bappa Aisha. "Significance of maternal antenatal health care intervention in reducing the occurrence of neonatal low birthweight especially in mothers of low socioeconomic class? Data from Jere community of Borno state, Nigeria." Greener Journal of Medical Sciences 3, no. 2 (2013): 57–64. https://doi.org/10.15580/gjms.2013.2.012213404.
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Background: low birthweight is associated with increased childhood morbidity and mortality particularly in Nigeria where poverty levels are also high, and most individuals are found in low socioeconomic class. There is now growing evidence that low birth weight could be reduced through access to good maternal antenatal health care. This review deals with the role of maternal antenatal health care delivery in lowering neonatal birthweight, especially in mothers who belong to low socioeconomic class. Methods: One hundred and sixty six mother-neonatal pairs were selected using systematic random sampling method. Maternal socioeconomic class was estimated using oyedeji scoring model and neonatal birthweight was determined using bassinet weighing scale. Results: All mothers 166 (100%) had antenatal care. Out of 166 neonates in this study, 84 (50.6%) neonates were males and 105 (63.3%) had normal birthweight. Sixty-nine (41.6%) mothers had primary education, 81 (48.8%) were unemployed and 111 (66.9) had low socioeconomic class. Nineteen neonates (11.4%) had low birthweight and mean birthweight of neonates whose mothers belong to low socioeconomic class was slightly lower than those of high socioeconomic class. This was however not significant (p = 0.459). Association between maternal socioeconomic class and neonatal birthweight was also not significant (p = 0.565). Conclusion: Maternal antenatal health care services are crucial for reduction in number of low birthweight in neonates across maternal socioeconomic classes.
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Rajatanavin, Rajata. "Iodine deficiency in pregnant women and neonates in Thailand." Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 12A (2007): 1602–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007360990.
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AbstractObjective: To present data on the relationship between the concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in whole blood or serum from neonates and the concentration of iodine in their mother's urine collected at birth to contribute to the contention that the recommended iodine intake during pregnancy should be increased.Design and Setting: Data were provided by current programmes of neonatal screening of congenital hypothyroidism in Bangkok and rural areas of Thailand.Subjects: A total of 5144 cord serum samples were collected in 2003 and measured for TSH concentrations. Paired samples of blood and urine were collected in 2000 from 203 infants and their mothers and from 1182 infant-mother pairs in 2002-03 in six rural provinces. Iodine was measured in the urine and TSH was measured in cord serum.Results: The urinary iodine concentration of mothers in rural Thailand is adequate, with a median of 103 μg l-1. However, in 2000, the median urinary iodine concentration of mothers in Bangkok was only 85 μg l-1. The concentration of TSH in whole blood collected on filter paper from neonates was not sensitive enough to be used as a monitoring tool for iodine nutrition in the neonates, as there was no relationship with the concentration of iodine in the urine of the children's mothers. This was in contrast to the concentration of TSH in serum collected from cord blood.Conclusions: Several conclusions were drawn from this data: 1) Neonatal TSH screening using whole blood collected from a heel prick at 3 days of age is not sensitive enough to assess the iodine nutrition of neonates; 2) Neonatal TSH screening using cord sera can be used to assess iodine nutrition in neonates; 3) The optimum median maternal urinary iodine concentration in Thailand appears to be 103 μg l-1; 4) The criteria proposed by WHO, UNICEF, and ICCIDD to assess iodine nutrition using data on neonatal TSH concentrations should be reassessed; and 5) Neonatal TSH screening can be effectively performed by collecting cord serum in district hospitals in Thailand.
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Murthy, Deepa Badrinath, Pradeep Mally, and Bina Shah. "PSAT271 The Impact of Maternal Autoimmune thyroid disease on neonatal thyroid conditions in Urban City Population." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (2022): A810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1676.
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Abstract Background There is a wide spectrum of maternal autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITD) in pregnancy ranging from Graves’ hyperthyroidism (GD) to Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), both of which share similar immunological properties. A variety of maternal thyroid autoantibodies can cross transplacentally which may potentially cause varying degrees of neonatal thyroid dysfunction. Objective To study the neonatal outcomes of thyroid function in mothers with AITD in urban setting. Methods Mothers with AITD and newborns were included for retrospective analysis over 12 months. AITD encompassed all mothers diagnosed prior/during pregnancy with either HT or GD. Results Maternal Data: A total of 147 mothers were included (HT 87%, GD 13.6%). Among mothers with HT, thyroid auto-Abs were tested in 51/127 (40%) mothers, of which 32/47(68%) were positive for TPO, 11/21(2%) positive for ATA, 2/6(33%) positive for TSI, 1/2 (50%) positive for TRAb. L-Thyroxine was administered to 90% HT mothers. Among mothers with GD, thyroid auto-Abs were tested in 17/20 (85%) mothers, of which 7/17(41%) were positive for TSI, 6/10(60%) positive for TRAb, 7/14(50%) were positive for TPO, 3/5 positive for ATA. Methimazole (MMI) was administered to 25% GD mothers. Neonatal outcome: A total of 150 neonates (115 FT, 35 PT) were born to AITD mothers. Newborn screen was abnormal in 2 infants. 7 neonates (4.6%) were tested for thyroid auto-Abs, of which 1/2 was positive for TPO, 1/2 positive for ATA, 3/3 negative for TSI, 5/5 negative for TRAb. Serum TFTs were performed in 62/150 neonates; majority 57/62(92%) were normal, 3 had mild compensated hyperthyrotropinemia (mean TSH 17.1 mIU/L, FT4 1.93 ng/dl) and were followed elsewhere. 2 neonates developed congenital hypothyroidism requiring L-Thyroxine. Infant 1: TSH 4.56mIU/L, FT4 1.1 ng/dl, TPO and ATA positive on DOL7 and had ectopic thyroid, infant born to TPO positive HT mother on Synthroid. Infant 2: TSH 149.5mIU/L, FT4 0.8 ng/dl, TSI negative on DOL7 and had hyperemic thyroid, born to TSI, TPO and TRAb positive GD mother on MMI. Overall, only 3.3% of neonates had evidence of thyroid function abnormality which may have either been transient or permanent. Conclusion Although rare, mothers with AITD might potentially impair neonatal thyroid function. This may be due to various thyroid auto-Abs or anti- thyroid medication that cross transplacentally. Maternal history of AITD should therefore raise suspicion to screen neonates and thus warrants continued vigilance. Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 1:00 p.m. - 3:00 p.m.
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Gupta, Shubhra Agarwal, Mini Sharma, Abha Ekka, and Nirmal Verma. "Factors affecting breastfeeding techniques among postnatal mothers: an experience in a tertiary care centre." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 7 (2019): 2991. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20192840.
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Background: Large number of factors related to mother and neonates can affects breastfeeding technique. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to know the association of maternal and neonatal characteristics that can affect correct breastfeeding techniques after intervention among post natal mothers admitted in a tertiary care centre.Methods: An institutional-based pre and post interventional study design was used. 414 lactating mothers were contacted during study period.Results: It was found that parity, time of delivery, mode of delivery, birth weight were statistically significantly associated with correct breast feeding technique.Conclusions:This study highlights that correct breastfeeding technique depends on various factors related to mother and neonate.
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Bhatta, Mukesh, and Vikas Aneja. "Morbidities and its Immediate Outcome in Newborns Born Through Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus." Nepal Journal of Health Sciences 2, no. 1 (2022): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njhs.v2i1.47168.
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Introduction: Gestational Diabetes mellitus is associated with a significant risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the different morbidities and their immediate outcome in newborns born to mother with gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 349 inborn neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, at the Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. The informed written consent and ethical approval were taken. The different socio-demographic & clinical parameters of the mothers and neonates were taken. The data was analyzed using relevant statistical tests. Results: Out of the total 11977 deliveries, there were 431 (3.6%) deliveries of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus. More than half of the neonates were male. The mean birth weight and gestational age of the neonates were 39±2 weeks and 3100 ± 570 gram respectively. Sixty-four (18.3%) neonates had some form of morbidity. The three major morbidities in the neonates were small for gestational age (n=39, 11.2%), preterm birth (n=34, 9.7%) and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (n=24, 6.9%). The incidence of macrosomia, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, polycythemia, cardiac defects, and gross congenital anomalies were 21 (6%), 22 (6.3%), six (1.7%), one (0.3%), eight (2.3%) and two (0.6%) respectively. Similarly, 22 (6%) neonates needed admission, out of which 16 (4.6%) recovered and got discharged, while six (1.4%) expired. Conclusions: The major morbidities associated with neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus were small for gestational age, prematurity, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, and hypoglycemia.
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Mumtaz, Samina, Shagufta Tabassum, and Saima Afzal. "Early versus delayed cord clamping in term neonates." Professional Medical Journal 28, no. 05 (2021): 656–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2021.28.05.4578.
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Objective: To compare mean hemoglobin levels of neonates after early and late cord clamping. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology at Nishtar Hospital Multan. Period: June 2019 to December 2019. Material & Methods: A total of 60 women booked and unbooked were included in study. Selected patients randomized into group A and B, each group comprising of 30 patients depending upon the envelope with assigned treatment (either early or delayed cord clamping) picked up by the patient. Results: In present study, two groups were made. Group A consisted of 30 neonates in whom early cord clamping was done while in group B delayed clamping was done in 30 neonates. Mean age of mothers was 28.4±0.4 vs. 28.6±0.5 years in group A and B respectively. There were 25 mothers (83.3%) in group A and 21 mothers (70%) in group B between 25–30 years. There were 5 mothers (16.7%) in group A and 8 mothers (26.7%) in group B between 31–35 years of age. While none of the mother in group A and 1 mother (3.3%) in group B was between 36–40 years of age. Mean parity of the mothers was 1.1±0.2 vs. 1.4±0.2 in group A and B respectively. Eight mothers (85.4%) in group A and 7 mothers (82.5%) in group B were primipara. While 22 mothers (14.6%) in group A and 23 mothers in group B (17.5%) were para 1–3. Gestational age was 37–38 weeks in 13(43.3%) vs. 19(63.3%) women in group A and B respectively. While there were 17(56.7%) vs. 11(36.7%) women in group A and B respectively of the gestational age 39–40 weeks. Pre-delivery maternal mean hemoglobin levels was 11.9±0.1 gm/dl vs. 12.3±0.1 gm/dl in group A and B respectively. Pre-delivery maternal hemoglobin levels were 10–10.9 g/dl in 2 mothers (6.7%) vs. 1 mother (3.3%) in group A and B respectively. Neonatal mean hemoglobin levels were 16.8±0.2 g/dl vs. 17.7±0.1 g/dl in group A and B respectively. Out of the 31 booked mothers, neonatal mean hemoglobin level was 16.8±0.2 g/dl vs. 17.9±0.1 g/dl in group A and B respectively. While out of the 29 unbooked mothers, neonatal mean hemoglobin level was 16.7±0.2 g/dl vs. 17.5±0.1 g/dl in group A and B respectively. When compared the neonatal mean hemoglobin levels, there was significant difference between mean hemoglobin levels of neonates between the two groups (p=0.000). Conclusion: Delayed cord clamping in term neonates for a minimum of 2 minutes at birth is beneficial to the newborn in terms of improved hemoglobin levels. There is no significant difference seen in pre-delivery maternal hemoglobin levels and neonatal hemoglobin either in delayed cord clamping group or in early cord clamping group.
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Panda, Santosh Kumar, Kalpita Sahoo, Pratap Kumar Jena, and Avantika Dhanawat. "Availability of Breast Milk for Preterm Neonates by Gestational Age during NICU Stay." Journal of Child Science 11, no. 01 (2021): e227-e232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735534.
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AbstractThe objective of this study was to explore the availability of expressed breast milk (EBM) volume for the premature neonates born from mothers in different gestational age groups during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay. All preterm infants (extreme-preterm infant [EPTI, <28 weeks], very-preterm infant [VPTI, 28–316/7 weeks], and moderate-preterm infant [MPTI, 32–336/7 weeks]) and their mothers were included in the study. Infants not receiving mother's own milk and neonates deceased or discharged against medical advice, and the mother with illness during postpartum period were excluded from the study. A predesigned tool was used to collect information on maternal characteristics, neonatal characteristics, and milk diary for preterm neonates from the NICU case records. The primary outcome variable EBM volume available on day 7 was compared across three gestational groups. Logistic regression was used to predict EBM availability. A total of 78 preterm neonates, including 10 EPTI, 37 VPTI, and 31 MPTI, had average birth weight of 962.5 ± 228.25, 1,185.1 ± 183.14, and 1,293.2 ± 182.92 g, respectively. Receipt of exclusive breast milk among EPTI, VPTI, and MPTI was 80, 94, and 83.8%, respectively. Maternal characteristics were similar except for the mode of conception (p = 0.001), mode of delivery (p = 0.04), and antenatal steroid exposure (p = 0.02) among three gestational categories. The median (Q1–Q3) volume of EBM on day 7 were 160 (136.3–202.5), 150 (140–187.5), and 160 (150–220) mL for EPTI, VPTI, and MPTI neonates, respectively, without any statistical significance. Regression analysis suggests no effect of gestational age on EBM availability. The feasibility of mother's own milk use for extremely preterm neonates is similar to higher gestational preterm neonates.
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Yitbarek, Kiddus, Sarah Hurlburt, Terje P. Hagen, et al. "Inequitable Utilization of Neonatal Health Services in Southwest Ethiopia: The Effects of Socioeconomic Disparities." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 58 (January 2021): 004695802110182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00469580211018290.
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Low levels of neonatal health services utilization and high neonatal deaths are often concentrated among socially and economically disadvantaged groups, especially in low-income countries. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess inequity in the use of neonatal health services in Southwest Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 8 districts located in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia from 19 March to 28 April 2018. A total of 835 mothers were included in the study with systematic random sampling. Principal component analysis was conducted to develop wealth quintiles of the households. Equity in neonatal health services was measured using rate-ratio, concentration curve, concentration index, and analyzed by binary logistic regression. Neonates from richer families were 1.25 times more likely to use neonatal health services than the poorer households with a concentration index value of 0.07. Neonates from highly educated mothers have better used the services and the corresponding concentration index value of 0.03. Neonatal service utilization was 1.32 times higher in the highest wealth quintile in rural settings. Similarly, services delivered at health posts and hospitals were used 2.4 and 2 times more by the wealthy, whereas services given at health centers are more utilized by the poorest. Outputs of binary logistic regression analysis indicated that neonates from middle quintile wealth households were found to be better neonatal health service users [AOR_1.72, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.82]. Neonate born from a secondary school attended mother [AOR_3.56, 95% CI: 1.90, 6.69] were more likely to use neonatal health services. Neonatal health service utilization in Southwest Ethiopia is more common among neonates from richer households and more educated mothers. There is a big difference among the wealthy and poorer in a rural setting and among those who used health posts. Working on the social-determinants of health will facilitate eliminating inequity.
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García Alonso, L., M. Pumarada Prieto, E. González Colmenero, et al. "Prenatal Therapy with Magnesium Sulfate and Its Correlation with Neonatal Serum Magnesium Concentration." American Journal of Perinatology 35, no. 02 (2017): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1606358.
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Introduction Antenatal magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) administration has shown to be effective in minimizing cerebral palsy and severe motor dysfunction at the age of 2 years. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the magnesium dose delivered to the mother and the magnesium concentration in the neonates. Materials and Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted on neonates of less than 32 weeks' gestation admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of University Hospital Complex of Vigo from December 2012 to July 2015. Comparative analysis of magnesium levels between the groups of neonates exposed to MgSO4 and the control group. Results A total of 118 neonates were included in the study. The mothers of 62 of them had received MgSO4 as a neuroprotective agent. There was a significant correlation between the full dose of MgSO4 received by the mother and the levels of magnesium in the neonate in the first 24 hours of life (r 2 = 0.397; p < 0.001). Conclusion The MgSO4 dose received by the mother has a linear relationship with the magnesium levels obtained in neonates.
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Adoba, Prince, Richard K. D. Ephraim, Kate Adomakowaah Kontor, et al. "Knowledge Level and Determinants of Neonatal Jaundice: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Effutu Municipality of Ghana." International Journal of Pediatrics 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3901505.
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Background. Neonatal jaundice (NNJ) is a major cause of hospital admission during the neonatal period and is associated with significant mortality. This case-control study with cross-sectional design sought to identify the possible factors associated with neonatal jaundice and assess maternal knowledge level of this condition. Methods. One hundred and fifty (150) neonates comprising 100 with clinically evident jaundice and 50 without jaundice were conveniently recruited from the Trauma and Specialist Hospital in the Effutu Municipality. Blood samples were collected for the determination of serum bilirubin, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), status and blood group (ABO and Rhesus). Well-structured questionnaire was used to collect maternal and neonate sociodemographic and clinical history. Results. Majority (54%) of neonates developed jaundice within 1–3 days after birth with 10% having it at birth. Duration of labour and neonatal birth weight were associated with neonatal jaundice (P<0.05). G6PD abnormality was found in 11 (12%) of the neonates with jaundice and ABO incompatibility was present in 18%. Neonates delivered by mothers with formal occupation and those who had prolonged duration of labour were significantly more likely to have neonatal jaundice (OR = 4.174, P=0.003; OR = 2.389, P=0.025, resp.). Neonates with low birth weight were also more likely to develop neonatal jaundice (OR = 2.347, P=0.044). Only 17.3% of mothers had heard of neonatal jaundice. School was the major source of information on neonatal jaundice (34.6%). Majority of participants (mothers) did not know that NNJ can cause damage to other organs in the body (90%). Conclusion. Low neonatal birth weight and prolonged duration of labour are associated with neonatal jaundice. Mothers had inadequate knowledge of neonatal jaundice and its causes.
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Manurung, Aurelia Margaretha, Martono Tri Utomo, and Woro Setia Ningtyas. "EFFECT OF BREAST CARE IN PUBLIC WOMEN ON NEONATE WEIGHT INCREASE." Indonesian Midwifery and Health Sciences Journal 6, no. 4 (2022): 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/imhsj.v6i4.2022.371-381.
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Background: Breastcare is one of the interventions that can be done to increase and overcome the lack of breast milk so that it can rule out formula milk as an alternative. One of the signs that breast milk is finally in the sufficient phase can be seen in the baby's weight gain. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of breastcare on postpartum mothers on increasing neonatal weight at PMB Noris Hadi Boyolali. Methods: quasi-experimental research design with pretest-posttest control group design. The number of samples was 22 postpartum mothers with purposive sampling technique. The independent variable was breast care for postpartum mothers for the intervention group once a day from day 10-13 (a total of 4 times) and the control group once on day 10, the dependent variable was the increase in neonatal weight which was examined on days 10 and 14. The instruments used are SOP for postpartum mother's breastcare and baby scales. Data analysis used Wilcoxon test, paired t test, and Mann Whitney test. Results: The results of the analysis of the effect of breastcare on postpartum mothers on increasing neonatal weight with the Mann Whitney test obtained p value = 0.208, meaning that there is no effect of breastcare on postpartum mothers on increasing neonatal weight. Conclusions: There was no difference in neonatal weight before and after breastcare was given to postpartum mothers between groups. There was no effect of breastcare on postpartum mothers on the increase in weight of neonates statistically, but the increase in weight of neonates in the intervention group was greater than in the control group. Keywords: breast milk, breast care, neonate weight
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Feeley, Nancy, Olive Kabajaasi, Nathan Kenya-Mugisha, Abner Tagoola, Karel O’Brien, and Jessica Duby. "Benefits and Challenges of Implementing an Adaptation of Family Integrated Care in a Ugandan Setting." Advances in Neonatal Care 24, no. 2 (2024): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/anc.0000000000001161.
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Background: Family Integrated Care (FICare) integrates parents as partners in neonatal intensive care unit care. Our team adapted and implemented this approach in a Ugandan unit for hospitalized neonates. Purpose: This qualitative descriptive study examined the perceptions of mothers and healthcare professionals (HCPs) of the benefits and challenges of this new approach to care. Methods: Fifty-one mothers of hospitalized neonates born weighing greater than 2000 g participated in the program. They were taught to assess neonate danger signs, feeding, and weight. After discharge, a subsample (n = 15) participated in focus groups to explore benefits and challenges of their participation in care. Interviews with 8 HCPs were also conducted for the same purpose. Transcripts from focus groups and interviews were analyzed using inductive content analysis to describe the benefits and challenges from the perspectives of mothers and HCPs. Results: For mothers a benefit was decreased stress. Both mothers and HCPs reported that the knowledge and skills mothers acquired were a benefit as was their ability to apply these to the care of their neonate. Improved relations between mothers and HCPs were described, characterized by greater exchange of information and HCPs’ attentiveness to mothers’ assessments. Mothers felt ready for discharge and used their knowledge at home. HCPs noted a decrease in their workload. Challenges included the need for mothers to overcome fears about performing the tasks, their own well-being and literacy skills, and access to equipment. Implications for Practice: Mothers’ participation in their neonates’ care can have benefits for them and their neonate.
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Arulparithi, C. Subramanian, Sekar Manjani, and Petchimuthu Prakash. "Outcome of neonates born to mothers with pregnancy induced hypertension/preeclampsia: a systematic review." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 10, no. 6 (2023): 920–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20231501.
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Preeclampsia affects 3-10% of pregnancies worldwide. It has significant adverse effect on both the fetus and the neonate. Hence there is a need to study the impact of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) on the fetus and the neonate. Databases like PubMed and Cochrane are searched independently by two authors to identify relevant studies. Data were collected for outcomes like birth weight, gestational age, fetal death/stillbirth and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Preeclampsia is associated with significant increase in the incidence of low birth weight (LBW), IUGR and prematurity compared to normotensive women. Also, there is an increased rate of fetal death/ stillbirths in preeclampsia. In addition, there is an increased need for neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission in neonates born to PIH mothers. Maternal preeclampsia results in significant adverse effect on the fetus and neonate. There is an increased incidence of stillbirth, LBW, IUGR and preterm deliveries in neonates born to preeclamptic mothers. There is an overall increase in the composite outcomes of neonates of PIH mothers. The objective of the study is to compare the neonatal outcomes of preeclamptic or women with gestational hypertension with that of normotensive women.
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Soeorg, Hiie, Tuuli Metsvaht, Imbi Eelmäe, et al. "Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Human Milk From Mothers of Preterm Compared With Term Neonates." Journal of Human Lactation 33, no. 2 (2017): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334417691505.
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Background: Human milk is the preferred nutrition for neonates and a source of bacteria. Research aim: The authors aimed to characterize the molecular epidemiology and genetic content of staphylococci in the human milk of mothers of preterm and term neonates. Methods: Staphylococci were isolated once per week in the 1st month postpartum from the human milk of mothers of 20 healthy term and 49 preterm neonates hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit. Multilocus variable-number tandem-repeats analysis and multilocus sequence typing were used. The presence of the mecA gene, icaA gene of the ica-operon, IS 256, and ACME genetic elements was determined by PCR. Results: The human milk of mothers of preterm compared with term neonates had higher counts of staphylococci but lower species diversity. The human milk of mothers of preterm compared with term neonates more often contained Staphylococcus epidermidis mecA (32.7% vs. 2.6%), icaA (18.8% vs. 6%), IS 256 (7.9% vs. 0.9%), and ACME (15.4% vs. 5.1%), as well as Staphylococcus haemolyticus mecA (90.5% vs. 10%) and IS 256 (61.9% vs. 10%). The overall distribution of multilocus variable-number tandem-repeats analysis (MLVA) types and sequence types was similar between the human milk of mothers of preterm and term neonates, but a few mecA-IS 256-positive MLVA types colonized only mothers of preterm neonates. Maternal hospitalization within 1 month postpartum and the use of an arterial catheter or antibacterial treatment in the neonate increased the odds of harboring mecA-positive staphylococci in human milk. Conclusion: Limiting exposure of mothers of preterm neonates to the hospital could prevent human milk colonization with more pathogenic staphylococci.
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Baradari, Maryam, and Mahnaz Shoghi. "Correlation Between Mother-infant Attachment and Fear of COVID-19 in Mothers of Neonates Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Tehran, Iran During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Iran Journal of Nursing 36, no. 141 (2023): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijn.36.141.3159.
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Background & Aims Infant hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) causes loss or delay in mother-infant attachment. On the other hand, quarantine and social distancing during the COVID-19 epidemic had psychological consequences, such as increased fear of infection. This study aims to determine the relationship between mother-infant attachment and fear of COVID-19 in mothers with neonates admitted to the NICUs of selected hospitals in Tehran, Iran, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials & Methods In this descriptive-correlational study, participants were 195 mothers with neonates admitted to the NICUs of selected teaching hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Data collection tools were a demographic form, the fear of COVID-19 scale (FCoV-19S), and Avant’s mother-infant attachment behaviors questionnaire, which were completed by the researcher. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using independent t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, and ANOVA. Results The mean score of FCoV-19S was 19.04±5.40, and the mean score of mother-infant attachment was 70.12±50.65. No significant relationship was observed between the fear of COVID-19 and mother-infant attachment (P>0.05). Fear of COVID-19 had a significant relationship with the interest in the baby’s gender (P=0.001) and the mother’s education level (P=0.041). Mother-infant attachment had a significant relationship with interest in the baby’s gender (P=0.01) and infant hospitalization due to jaundice (P=0.049). Conclusion Mother-infant attachment of the mothers in this study is low, and their fear of COVID-19 is almost high. There is no significant correlation between the fear of COVID-19 and mother-infant attachment. It is necessary to pay attention to effective factors in promoting emotional attachment between mothers and neonates hospitalized in the NICUs. It is also recommended that the medical staff and nurses pay attention to this group of mothers during pandemics such as COVID-19 and use some techniques to reduce their fear of infection.
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Priya, Verma, and Shankar Sahni Gopal. "A Clinico-Epidemiological Assessment of the Outcome of Neonates Born to Mothers with Pre-Eclampsia." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research 15, no. 11 (2024): 893–98. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13234983.
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AbstractAim: The aim of the present study was to assess the outcome in neonates born to mother with pre-eclampsia.Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out in neonatal unit in department of Pediatrics, Shri KrishnaMedical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India for one year . 100 Neonates born to mother with historyof pre-eclampsia between and admitted in NICU were taken in to study after informed written parent consent.Results: 39 (39%) neonates of < 32 weeks, 25 (25%) neonates between 32-< 34 weeks, 24 (24%) neonatesbetween 34-<37 weeks and 12 (12%) neonates were ≥ 37 weeks gestation. The percentage of neutropenia andsepticemia was less as gestational age advances in neonates. It was statistically significant with p value 0.007which was statistically significant. It is also seen that as the gestational age decreases more is chance of havingneutropenia and septicemia in babies. 34 (34%) neonates were between 1.5- 2.5kg birth weight, 32 (32%) neonateswere between 1-<1.5kg birth weight, 24 (24%) neonates had birth weight <1kg. Out of 40 neutropenic neonates,20 neonates had birth weight between 1-<1.5kg, 16 neonates were < 1kg birth weight and 9 neonates had birthbetween 1.5-2.5kg. Similarly out of total septicaemic neonates 5 neonates had birth weight between 1-<1.5 kg, 3neonates were <1kg birth weight and 2 neonates between 1.5-2.5kg birth weight. The common perinatal outcomewas RDS (46%) followed by IUGR babies 32%, birth asphyxia in 12% neonates, NEC was seen in 10% , 8%neonates had culture positive sepsis. 40 mothers has severe hypertension and 22 neonates born to them werehaving neutropenia, similarly 60 mothers with mild to moderate hypertension and 26 neonates born to them hadneutropenia.Conclusion: Pregnancy induced hypertension is one of the most common causes of both maternal and neonatalmorbidity. The risk for delivering prematurely is high in babies born to mothers with pre-eclampsia. Pre-eclampsiais one of the causative factors for preterm and low birth weight babies. There is higher number of interventionalsurgical deliveries amongst preeclamptic mothers. Perinatal outcome of babies born to mother with preeclampsiaare RDS, IUGR, Sepsis, NEC, birth asphyxia.
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Najam, Maryam, Rizwana Tareen, Nighat Jabeen, et al. "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) Vertical Transmission Covid-Positive Mothers in Neonates." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 11 (2022): 317–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs20221611317.
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An outbreak of Covid-19 occurred in Wuhan, China initially in December 2019. Over the next few months, the wide spread of SARS-CoV-2 had been reported in all continents and the transmission in utero from an infected mother to fetus debating yet was observed.1,9 Objectives: To determine risk of vertical transmission of corona virus in neonates of SARS COVID-2 positive mothers. Study Design: A Cross-Sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Pediatric department of Pakistan Air Force (PAF) Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan. The study conducted during 01-03-2020 to 31-08-2020. Methodology: After taking informed consent, Nasopharyngeal swab for PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was taken one week before delivery. Confirmed COVID positive pregnant ladies were included irrespective of symptoms of COVID-19 infection and any other medical illness. Neonates born to COVID-19 positive mothers were admitted in NICU, and Performa was filled for neonates after PCR done 24 and 48 hours respectively. Results: Total 14(87.5%) out of 16 COVID positive mothers were asymptomatic. 16(100%) neonates were negative for Sars-COV-2 at 24 hours and 48 hours. Conclusion: This study concluded with no evidence of transmission of COVID-19 from infected mothers. Keywords: Vertical transmission, COVID-19, neonate, infected mother.
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Bernhardt, Grisilda Vidya, Malay Jhancy, Pooja Shivappa, Kavitha Bernhardt, and Janita R. T. Pinto. "Relationship between Maternal and Cord Blood Iron Status in Women and their New Born Pairs." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 14, no. 01 (2021): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2128.
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Maintaining iron homeostasis is of great importance to the growing fetus and neonates. There is no consensus as to whether the neonates iron status is determined by fetal demands or by maternal iron status. There is no conclusive data confirming the likelihood of neonates born to anemic mothers suffering from compromised iron status. Therefore the aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship of iron indices between maternal and cord blood collected from mother and infant pairs and explore the association of maternal anemia on the iron status indicators of the cord blood. This prospective study included 60 mother and newborn pairs. The study population was subdivided as anemic and non-anemic groups based on hemoglobin (Hb) levels. The maternal venous blood samples were collected 1.5 h ± 20 min before the delivery. 5 ml of cord blood was collected soon after child birth. Samples were analyzed for hemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin and iron. Significantly lower values of Hb, Ferritin, iron (p < 0.05) was observed in neonates born to anemic mothers when compared to the indices of neonates born to non-anemic mothers. On multivariate linear regression analysis , maternal Hb showed positive linear correlation with cord Hb and ferritin (r =0.87, p<0.05). However, correlation between maternal Hb and cord iron was not significant. Maternal anemia can effect neonatal iron stores. Lowered concentration of iron status indicators in cord blood of neonates born to anemic mothers indicates that fetal iron transfer may be dependent on that of the iron stores of the mothers. However, this process may involve complex factors.
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Piety, Nathaniel Z., Alex George, Sonia Serrano, et al. "Initial Clinical Validation of a Rapid, Low-Cost, Paper-Based Diagnostic Test for Sickle Cell Anemia As a Tool to Facilitate Newborn Screening in Resource-Limited Settings." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 979. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.979.979.
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Abstract Newborn screening for sickle cell disease (SCD) in developing countries is limited by the cost and technical complexity of current screening methodologies and the delayed availability of screening results. We have recently developed a rapid diagnostic test for SCD that can quickly and inexpensively identify blood samples containing hemoglobin S. We hypothesized that our rapid test would be practical for use in a resource-limited setting in Cabinda, Angola, and that screening mothers or neonates for the presence of hemoglobin S in blood samples would be an effective means of identifying neonates at high risk of having sickle cell disease prior to more definitive testing. After informed consent, we collected blood samples heel-stick from neonates and by finger-stick from mothers at the primary obstetric hospital in Cabinda. We then tested these samples by the rapid SCD test and scored them by visual assessment of staining patterns. Neonates were scored as positive (HbS detected) or negative (no HbS detected) and mothers as AA, AS (sickle trait), or SS (sickle cell disease). Neonatal samples were subsequently tested by isoelectric focusing (IEF) electrophoresis to determine exact sickle cell status. In a cohort of 133 mother-neonate pairs, we used rapid testing on maternal samples to categorize neonates as high-risk (mother positive for HbS) or low-risk (mother negative for HbS). The rapid test was highly accurate in identifying neonates who could be excluded from IEF testing, with a negative predictive value of 93% (Figure 1). In a cohort of 95 neonates similarly triaged by rapid testing on neonatal samples, the negative predictive value of the test was 96% (Figure 2). In both cohorts, the one neonate with HbSS disease was successfully triaged into the high-risk group. Maternal screening with the rapid test would have reduced the proportion of neonates requiring confirmatory IEF testing to 19%, while neonatal screening would have reduced this proportion to 26%. These results indicate the potential utility of the rapid diagnostic test as a screening tool prior to more definitive testing. Used in combination with confirmatory IEF, our rapid test could significantly decrease the cost of newborn screening for SCD and increase its clinical utility by permitting more rapid identification of affected infants. Disclosures Piety: Halcyon Biomedical: Patents & Royalties: Mr. Piety is a co-inventor on a utility PCT application, "Paper-based diagnostic test" (PCT/US2012/064856, 11/13/2012), claiming priority benefit of U.S. 61/692,994 (8/24/2012) and U.S. 61/558,009 (11/10/2011). . Shevkoplyas:Halcyon Biomedical: Equity Ownership, Patents & Royalties: Co-inventor on a utility PCT application, "Paper-based diagnostic test" (PCT/US2012/064856, 11/13/2012), claiming priority benefit of U.S. 61/692,994 (8/24/2012) and U.S. 61/558,009 (11/10/2011). Part-owner of Halcyon Biomedical Inc.,.
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Kumari, Nisha, and Anuj Khatri. "Congenital tuberculosis: a review article." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 6 (2019): 2750. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20194770.
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TB remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The incidence of congenital TB is underestimated. Current recommendations regarding the management of neonates of mothers with tuberculosis are variable and no tangible guidelines have been advised. Congenital TB is fatal if untreated, moreover the mortality and morbidity is increased if the diagnosis and treatment is delayed. Therefore, the treating clinician should be aware of the unusual presentation of congenital TB. A high suspicion and good screening of mothers and neonates is of paramount importance. Congenital tuberculosis is diagnosed by Cantwell criteria. Isoniazid prophylaxis for 6 months is recommended in neonates born to mothers with TB who are infectious. Breastfeeding should be continued, and isolation is recommended only in certain circumstances such as mother is infectious, has multidrug resistant tuberculosis or non-adherent to treatment. BCG vaccine is recommended in all neonates however, the timing of administration varies according to various guidelines. Neonate diagnosed with congenital TB should be treated with anti-tubercular drug regimen.
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Fedulov, Alexey, Zhiping Yang, and Lester Kobzik. "Maternal exposure to diesel exhaust particles alters neonatal dendritic cell DNA methylation profiles and skews function towards pro-Th2 responses. (141.13)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (2010): 141.13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.141.13.
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Abstract Neonates of mother mice exposed to allergen are born with increased risk of allergy; their dendritic cells (DC) carry the increased risk phenotype when transferred into normal recipients. These ‘pro-allergic’ DCs have vastly altered DNA methylation profiles. We investigated if epigenetic changes and ‘pro-allergic’ skewing also exist in DCs from offspring of mothers exposed during pregnancy to a pollutant linked to Th2 polarization, diesel exhaust particles (DEP). METHODS: Purified splenic CD11c+ DC of 14-d.o. allergen-naïve offspring from DEP-exposed or vehicle control mothers (n=6/group), as well as from positive control neonates born to OVA-sensitized and challenged females (n=3) were adoptively transferred to 3-d.o. recipients (n=12/group), followed by a low-dose OVA protocol which does not induce responses in normal controls. DCs were also screened for genome-wide DNA methylation changes. RESULTS: Recipients of DCs from neonate donors born to DEP-exposed mothers, but not to vehicle controls, revealed increased airway responsiveness and increased lung eosinophilia, which was similar in magnitude to recipients of DC from neonates born to asthma mothers. DNA methylation testing revealed shared patterns of epigenetic alterations in the DCs from DEP and asthma groups not seen in controls. CONCLUSION: Pregnancy exposure to DEP leads to ‘pro-allergic’ skew in neonatal DC; shared DNA methylation alterations suggest epigenetic involvement in increased allergy risk.
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Dhillon, Harpreet Singh, Kushvanth KN, Gurpreet Kaur Dhillon, Shibu Sasidharan, and Vijay Singh. "A Prospective Case-Control Study to Compare the Clinical Outcomes and Metabolic Profile in Neonates Born to Diabetic Mothers in a Tertiary Care Armed Forces Hospital, India." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 41, no. 2 (2021): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v41i2.30731.
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Introduction: The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is on the rise especially in women of Asian ethnicity. GDM carries with it a multitude of foeto-maternal complications, the management of which is still a challenge, especially in developing countries. Methods: This was a hospital based prospective case control study conducted on 100 neonates to compare clinical outcomes and metabolic profiles in neonates of diabetic mothers and neonates of non-diabetic mothers over a period of two years. Results: The mothers in GDM group had 66% emergency lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) compared to 32% in non- GDM group (p = 0.001). The infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) had statistically significant higher percentage of preterm births, NICU admission, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycaemia and polycythemia. The anthropometric and cord blood parameters (Haemoglobin, haematocrit, platelet, calcium and bilirubin) were comparable in both the groups. Conclusions: GDM poses significant risks to both mother and neonate, however optimal glycemic control and meticulous monitoring and treatment protocols can reduce the incidence of certain known complications.
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Gebrerufael, Gebru Gebremeskel, Brhane Gebrehiwot Welegebrial, and Mehari Gebre Teklezgi. "Predictors of neonatal mortality among neonates in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study." PLOS ONE 19, no. 12 (2024): e0315400. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0315400.
Full textAbstract:
Background Since 2015, Ethiopia is committed to lowering the death rate for children under five and it is one of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa that has accomplished the fourth Millennium Development Goal. However, in Ethiopia, neonatal death has remained a serious public health concern, with greater rates found in Tigray regional state and the predictors aren’t well recognized. The goal of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of neonatal death in the Tigray regional State as well as any relevant risk factors. Methods This study performed a secondary data analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) report. Information was gathered on 716 neonates who were born five years before the survey began. Risk factors for neonatal mortality were thought to include mother and neonate demographics, health, and environmental factors. The study employed multivariable logistic regression model analysis and descriptive statistics to identify significant correlates of neonatal mortality. Results In Tigray regional state, the overall prevalence of neonatal mortality was 4.3% (95% CI: 3.06, 6.10). The multivariable logistic regression model analysis revealed that factors such as multiple birth types (AOR = 15.3, 95% CI: 3.54, 65.84), birth order (2–4) (AOR = 4.88, 95% CI: 1.52, 15.7), sex of the neonate (being male) (AOR = 3.75, 95% CI: 1.45, 9.75), home place of delivery (AOR = 7.4, 95% CI: 2.0, 27.6), and neonates born to mothers aged 20–34 years (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.087, 0.58) were significantly risk factors associated with a higher risk of neonatal mortality rate. Conclusions The study recognized the sex of the neonate, birth order, mother’s age, place of delivery, and birth type as potential risk factors for neonatal mortality. The prevalence of neonatal mortality indicated that the neonatal mortality rate in Tigray regional state was higher than the national average. To reduce neonatal mortality, targeted interventions should focus on high-risk groups, such as mothers delivering at home and those with multiple births.