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Flick, Laura G. "Motivating Francophone ESL Learners in Quebec: A Pilot Study on the Potential Role of eTandem with Anglophone Peers in Ontario." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30238.
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With globalization and the growth of the World Wide Web, it is increasingly important for non-Anglophone students to acquire a functional level of English before graduating from secondary school. However, Francophone students in the province of Quebec who are learning English as a second language (ESL) face particular challenges that hinder their development of English proficiency, not the least of which is motivation. This quasi-experimental case study explores the effects of an eTandem project with Anglophone peers on the motivation of Francophone ESL learners in secondary school. The results indicate that Francophone students who completed the eTandem project showed greater motivational intensity, greater desire to learn the target language, and less anxiety. It also appears that technical problems, scheduling issues and anxiety contributed to the majority of Francophone students discontinuing the project. Recommendations are made to integrate eTandem projects into Quebec’s ESL curriculum and to address the anxiety issues of students in class.
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Kenjangada, Kariappa Ganapathy, and Marcus Bjersér. "Value as a Motivating Factor for Collaboration : The case of a collaborative network for wind asset owners for potential big data sharing." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Centrum för innovations-, entreprenörskaps- och lärandeforskning (CIEL), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-40699.
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The world's need for energy is increasing while we realize the consequences of existing unsustainable methods for energy production. Wind power is a potential partial solution, but it is a relatively new source of energy. Advances in technology and innovation can be one solution, but the wind energy industry is embracing them too slow due to, among other reasons, lack of incentives in terms of the added value provided. Collaboration and big data may possibly provide a key to overcome this. However, to our knowledge, this research area has received little attention, especially in the context of the wind energy industry. The purpose of this study is to explore value as a motivating factor for potential big data collaboration via a collaborative network. This will be explored within the context of big data collaboration, and the collaborative network for wind asset owners O2O WIND International. A cross sectional, multi-method qualitative single in-depth case study is conducted. The data collected and analyzed is based on four semi-structured interviews and a set of rich documentary secondary data on the 25 of the participants in the collaborative network in the form of 3866 pages and 124 web pages visited. The main findings are as follows. The 25 participants of the collaborative network were evaluated and their approach to three different types of value were visualized through a novel model: A three-dimensional value approach space. From this visualization clusters of participants resulting in 6 different approaches to value can be distinguished amongst the 25 participants. Furthermore, 14 different categories of value as the participants express are possible to create through the collaborative network has been identified. These values have been categorized based on fundamental types of value, their dimensions and four value processes. As well as analyzed for patterns and similarities amongst them. The classification results in a unique categorization of participants of a collaborative network. These categories prove as customer segments that the focal firm of the collaborative network can target. The interviews resulted in insights about the current state of the industry, existing and future market problems and needs as well as existing and future market opportunities. Then possible business model implications originating from our findings, for the focal firm behind the collaborative network O2O WIND International as well as the participants of the collaboration, has been discussed. We conclude that big data and collaborative networks has potential for value creation in the wind power sector, if the business model of those involved takes it into account. However, more future research is necessary, and suggestions are made.
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Saiter, Mark R. (Mark Roberts). "Job Satisfaction of Registered Nurses in a Patient Focused Care Team." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501078/.
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The purpose of this study was to determine whether the job satisfaction and motivating potential of nursing jobs would be higher for nurses using Patient Focused Care (PFC) compared with nurses not using PFC. Nurses from a large metropolitan hospital served as subjects. Data were collected using three instruments designed to measure job satisfaction and motivating potential. Those instruments were the Job Diagnostic Survey, the Job Descriptive Inventory, and the McCloskey/Mueller Satisfaction Scale. It was hypothesized that nurses working on PFC nursing units would demonstrate greater job satisfaction and motivating potential than nurses working on non-PFC nursing units. The hypotheses were not supported. Results were explained by, among other things, accounting for the nature of the instruments used. The two instruments which gave data counter to the hypothesized direction were not nursing-oriented.
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Frederick, Alexandra. "Motivations and Potential Consequences Associated with Health-Conscious Drinking." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1596145257958257.
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Klompstra, Leonie. "Physical activity in patients with heart failure : motivations, self-efficacy and the potential of exergaming." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för omvårdnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130933.
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Background: Adherence to recommendations for physical activity is low in patients with heart failure (HF). It is essential to explore to what extent and why patients with HF are physically active. Self-efficacy and motivation for physical activity are important in becoming more physically active, but the role of self-efficacy in the relationship between motivation and physical activity in patients with HF is unknown. Alternative approaches to motivate and increase self-efficacy to exercise are needed. One of these alternatives might be using exergames (games to improve physical exercise). Therefore, it is important to obtain more knowledge on the potential of exergaming to increase physical activity. The overall aim was to describe the physical activity in patients with HF, with special focus on motivations and self-efficacy in physical activity, and to describe the potential of exergaming to improve exercise capacity. Methods: Study I (n = 154) and II (n = 101) in this thesis had a cross-sectional survey design. Study III (n = 32) was a 12-week pilot intervention study, including an exergame platform at home, with a pretest-posttest design. Study IV (n = 14) described the experiences of exergaming in patients who participated in the intervention group of a randomized controlled study in which they had access to an exergame platform at home. Results: In total, 34% of the patients with HF had a low level of physical activity, 46% had a moderate level, 23% reported a high level. Higher education, higher selfefficacy, and higher motivation were significantly associated with a higher amount of physical activity. Barriers to exercise were reported to be difficult to overcome and psychological motivations were the most important motivations to be physically active. Women had significantly higher total motivation to be physically active. Self-efficacy mediated the relationship between exercise motivation and physical activity; motivation leads to a higher self-efficacy towards physical activity. More than half of the patients significantly increased their exercise capacity after 12 weeks of using an exergame platform at home. Lower NYHA-class and shorter time since diagnosis were factors significantly related to the increase in exercise capacity. The mean time spent exergaming was 28 minutes per day. Having grandchildren and being male were related to more time spent exergaming. The analysis of the qualitative data resulted in three categories describing patients’ experience of exergaming: (i) making exergaming work, (ii) added value of exergaming, (iii) no appeal of exergaming. Conclusion: One-third of the patients with HF had a low level of physical activity in their daily life. Level of education, exercise self-efficacy, and motivation were important factors to take into account when advising patients with HF about physical activity. In addition to a high level of motivation to be physically active, it is important that patients with HF have a high degree of exercise self-efficacy. Exergaming has the potential to increase exercise capacity in patients with HF. The results also showed that this technology might be suitable for some patients while others may prefer other kinds of physical activity.Achtergrond: Het aantal patiënten met hartfalen (HF) dat zich kan houden aan de aanbevolen lichamelijke activiteit is over het algemeen klein. Het is essentieel om te onderzoeken in hoeverre en waarom patiënten met HF lichamelijk actief zijn. Het hebben van self-efficacy (een persoonlijke overtuiging dat hij/zij capabel is om te doen wat nodig is om een taak te volbrengen op een bepaald kwaliteitsniveau) en motivatie voor lichamelijke activiteit is belangrijk om meer lichamelijk actief te worden. Het is echter niet duidelijk wat de rol van self-efficacy is in relatie tot motivatie en lichamelijke activiteit bij patiënten met HF. Alternatieve benaderingen zijn nodig om patiënten te motiveren lichamelijk actiever te zijn en de self-efficacy te verhogen. Een van de mogelijke alternatieven om patiënten met HF te helpen lichamelijk actiever te zijn is de inzet van exergames: computerspellen om fysieke activiteit te bevorderen. Er is tot nu toe geen onderzoek is gedaan naar de inzet van exergaming bij patiënten met hartfalen en de mogelijkheden van exergaming om patiënten te stimuleren tot meer lichamelijke activiteit. Het doel van dit proefschrift is het beschrijven van de lichamelijke activiteit van patiënten met HF met extra aandacht voor de motivatie en self-efficacy ten opzichte van lichamelijke activiteit. Een tweede doel is om inzicht te krijgen in de mogelijkheid om exergaming te gebruiken om de lichamelijke activiteit van patiënten met HF te verhogen. Methode: In dit proefschrift worden gegevens van 4 studies beschreven (studie I-IV). Studie I (n = 154) en II (n = 101) hebben een crosssectioneel survey design. Studie III (n = 32) is een 12 weken durende pilot-interventie studie met een pretest-posttest design waarbij patiënten 12 weken lang een exergame platform thuis konden gebruiken. Studie IV (n = 14) beschrijft de ervaringen van patiënten die deelnamen aan de interventiegroep van een gerandomiseerde studie waarin zij een exergame platform thuis kregen. Resultaten: In totaal hebben 34% van alle patiënten met hartfalen een laag niveau van lichamelijke activiteit, 46% had een matig niveau, en 23% een hoog niveau. Een hoger opleidingsniveau, self-efficacy en motivatie significant werd geassocieerd met een hogere hoeveelheid lichamelijke activiteit. Het bleek dat barrières voor fysieke activiteit moeilijk te overbruggen waren. Met betrekking tot motivatie, bleek dat psychologische motivatie de belangrijkste drijfveer was om fysiek actief te zijn. Verder bleek dat vrouwen een significant hogere motivatie voor fysieke activiteit hebben dan mannen. Een ander belangrijk resultaat was dat self-efficacy de relatie tussen motivatie en lichamelijke activiteit beïnvloedt; motivatie leidt tot een hogere self-efficacy wat leidt tot hogere fysieke activiteit. Met betrekking tot de resultaten van exergaming bleek dat de inspanningscapaciteit van meer dan de helft van de patiënten aanzienlijk was toegenomen na 12 weken gebruik gemaakt te hebben van een exergame platform thuis. Patiënten met een lager NYHA-klasse en een kortere tijd na de diagnose verhogen significant meer hun inspanningscapaciteit. Ook bleek dat het hebben van een partner en kleinkinderen gerelateerd is aan meer tijd besteden aan exergaming. De analyse van de ervaringen van patiënten in de kwalitatieve studie resulteerde in drie categorieën: (i) zorgen dat exergaming werkt, (ii) toegevoegde waarde van exergaming, (iii) geen aantrekking tot exergaming. Conclusie: Een derde van de patiënten met HF heeft een laag niveau van lichamelijke activiteit in hun dagelijks leven. Opleidingsniveau, self-efficacy en motivatie zijn belangrijke factoren om rekening mee te houden bij het geven van advies aan patiënten met HF betreffende fysieke activiteit. Naast een hoge motivatie tot bewegen is het belangrijk dat patiënten met HF een hoog niveau van self-efficacy hebben om fysiek actief te zijn. Exergaming heeft potentie om inspanningscapaciteit bij patiënten met HF te verhogen. Uit de resultaten blijkt ook dat deze techniek geschikt is voor een deel van de patiënten, terwijl een deel van de patiënten wellicht liever andere vormen van lichamelijke activiteit beoefenen.
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Chaillou, Anne-Clémence. "Influence des affects positifs sur le contrôle cognitif chez les volontaires sains et les personnes souffrant de schizophrénie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ120.
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L’objectif de ce travail de thèse a été d’avancer dans la compréhension des mécanismes par lesquels les émotions positives modulent cognition et comportement. En nous basant sur des mesures comportementales et électrophysiologiques, nous avons abordé ce questionnement chez des volontaires sains, et des personnes souffrant de schizophrénie, pathologie dans laquelle les affects n’influencent pas le comportement de manière appropriée. Nos résultats montrent que les émotions positives diminuent de manière globale la préparation attentionnelle, un des mécanismes de contrôle cognitif. Néanmoins, lorsqu’elles sont associées à un fort niveau de motivation, elles permettent au contraire une mobilisation plus importante du contrôle cognitif. Cette modulation du contrôle cognitif par les émotions positives est plus susceptible d’apparaitre chez les personnes présentant une tendance marquée à ressentir des émotions négatives. Chez les personnes souffrant de schizophrénie, cette modulation ne s’effectue pas de manière appropriée, y compris lorsque l’expérience affective positive est induite de manière non conscienteThe aim of this project was to deepen our understanding of the mechanisms by which positive emotions modulate cognition and behavior. By using behavioral and electrophysiological measures, we addressed this question in a population of healthy controls, and in patients suffering from schizophrenia, because in this disease affect does not appropriately modulate behavior. Our results show that positive emotions globally decrease attentional preparation, a cognitive control mechanism. Nevertheless, when associated with a high level of motivation, they allow for improved recruitment of cognitive control. This modulation of cognitive control by positive emotions is more likely to appear in individuals who have a marked tendency towards experiencing negative emotions. In patients suffering from schizophrenia, this modulation is not appropriate, not even for non-consciously induced positive affective experiences
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Persson, Staffan. "Produktivitet hos FoU-anställda i Kina : Att uppnå full potential." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Institutionen för ekonomi och informatik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-4111.
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Studien söker utreda hur anställda inom en västerländsk organisation som arbetar med forskning och utveckling i Kina kan nå sin fulla potential och göra vad som är bäst för organisationen. Detta innebär att vi måste förstå vad som hindrar de anställda från att göra vad som är bäst för organisationen samt hur de anställda bäst bör styras eller uppmuntras. Med ett kvalitativt synsätt har en fallstudie genomförts hos ett västerländskt företag som etablerat sig i Kina för att sänka sina utvecklingskostnader samt komma närmare den växande marknaden. Management control systems används som ramverk för att utforska hur de anställda påverkas av de olika sätt som de styrs i sitt arbete. Användandet av personnel controls lämpar sig väl för västerländska organisationer som arbetar med FoU i kina. Det är av yttersta vikt att anställa rätt person till rätt arbetsuppgift. För att detta ska vara möjligt är det inte tillräckligt att endast erbjuda en god miljö. Lönen måste även vara hög nog för att inte påverka de anställdas motivation negativt samt göra det möjligt att anställa rätt personer. Förutom detta måste alla arbetsteam hållas stabila under lång tid för att de anställda ska kunna prestera. Cultural controls kan också användas men kräver att organisationens strategi anpassas till de kinesiska normerna samt lägger en större vikt vid att arbetsteam hålls stabila. Goal-setting fungerar väl för att motverka styrproblemet lack of direction men FoU-anställda i Kina motiveras mest i sitt arbete genom autonomi, personligt mästerskap samt ett ”högre syfte”.The study seeks to investigate how employees in a western organization that works with research and development in China can reach their full potential and do what is best for the organization. This means that we need to understand what prevents employees from doing what is best for the organization and how employees should best be guided or encouraged. With a qualitative approach, a case study is conducted in a western company which was established in China in order to lower their development costs and get closer to the growing market. Management control systems is used as a framework for exploring how the employees are affected by the different ways they are controlled in their work. Use of personnel controls is well suited for western organizations working with R & D in China. It is of highest importance to hire the right person for the right job. For this to be possible, it is not enough to just provide a good environment. The salary must also be high enough to not affect the employees’ motivation negatively and make it possible to hire the right people. Besides this, all teams must be kept stable for a long time in order for the employees to reach high performance. Cultural controls can also be used but requires that the organization’s strategy is adapted to the Chinese norms and puts a greater emphasis on work teams remaining stable. Goal-setting works well to counteract the steering problem lack of direction, but R & D employees in China are most motivated in their work by autonomy, personal mastery, and a “higher purpose”.
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Hill, Andrew P. "Multidimensional perfectionism and motivation in sport : potential mediating and moderating variables." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/131898.
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Recent research has found that self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism have distinct consequences for athletes. The purpose of the thesis was to extend this research by further examining their motivational consequences for athletes and identifying the psychological mechanisms that explain their divergent consequences. The first two studies suggested that the positive relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and athlete burnout was mediated by the tendency to engage in validation-seeking and utilise avoidant coping, whereas the inverse relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and athlete burnout was mediated by the tendency to utilise problem-focused coping and eschew avoidant coping. Because these initial studies provided little evidence to suggest that self-oriented perfectionism has negative psychological consequences for athletes, the nature of self-oriented perfectionism and its consequences were examined more closely in two subsequent studies. A comparative study examining similarities and differences in the correlates of selforiented perfectionism and conscientious achievement striving found that while both include a commitment to high standards, self-oriented perfectionism also includes a concern over mistakes, fear of failure and negative reactions to imperfection. An experimental study examining the response of student-athletes II higher in this dimension of perfectionism to successive failures further suggested that, in comparison to those with lower levels of self-oriented perfectionism, those with higher levels of self-oriented perfectionism experienced a more pronounced increase in threat following an initial failure and reported withdrawing effort from the subsequent performance. The final two studies suggest that the divergent consequences of these two dimensions of perfectionism may also be explained by differences in the controllability of sources of self-worth and evaluative standards. In addition, in some instances, perceptions of the achievement climate may influence the self-criticism experienced by perfectionists. Collectively, this series of studies suggest that socially prescribed perfectionism will invariably lead to motivational and psychological difficulties for athletes. In contrast, such difficulties may not be inevitable for those with higher levels of self-oriented perfectionism; however, it may render athletes vulnerable to psychological difficulties when personal standards are not meet.
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Nilsson, Ida. "Att snärja en potentiell folkmassa." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20065.
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Webb 2.0 skapar idag förutsättningar för nya typer av webbtjänster som använder sig av viljansom vi användare, har till att delta och bidra. Crowdsourcing är ett samlingsbegrepp för huranvändare över hela världen kan skapa värde och inriktar sig på att få många individer attdelta. Det kan röra sig om att skapa en ny logotyp till ett företag, samla in pengar till ett projekteller kategorisera data.I denna empiriska studie granskar vi innehåll, instruktioner och funktioner på fyracrowdsourcingtjänster för att undersöka hur deltagare motiveras till att delta. Vi utgår frånKaufmanns m.fl. motivationsmodell som är framtagen just för crowdsourcingdeltagande ochmotivationen bakom deltagandet. Utifrån motivationsmodellen har frågor formulerats somanvänds för att granska tjänsternas innehåll. Vi tittar på skillnader och likheter mellancrowdsourcingtjänster som erbjuder möjlig monetär ersättning och de som inte gör det. Vi tittarockså på relevansen i Kaufmanns m.fl. motivationsmodell.Att titta på skillnader och likheter visar sig vara otillräckligt och resultaten visar istället treprimära mönster. Ej varierande faktorer, där motivationsfaktorerna används i sammautsträckning mellan och inom kategorierna. Dessa är generellt applicerbaramotivationsfaktorer, framför allt faktorerna utveckla personliga färdigheter och externavärderingar. I det andra mönstret, faktorer varierande med kategori, hittar vi likheter inom menskillnader mellan kategorierna. Där står motivationsfaktorn tidsfördriv ut från de andrafaktorerna. Faktorer varierande oberoende av kategori, är det tredje mönstret som beskriverskillnader både inom och mellan kategorierna. T.ex. används motivationsfaktorn attmarknadsföra sig på olika sätt av samtliga tjänster. Utöver detta finner vi också stöd förKaufmanns m.fl. motivationsmodell och slutligen bekräftas fynd från tidigare studier.Web 2.0 creates opportunities for new sorts of Web services that take advantage of the user’swill to participate and contribute. Crowdsourcing allows users all over the world to be a part ofcreating value. It might involve creating a logo for a new business, raise funds for a project orcategorize data.In this empirical study, we examine the content, instructions and functions of fourcrowdsourcing services, to determine how the services are creating motivation and participation.In 2011 Kaufmann et al. published a motivation model for crowdsourcing participation thataims to explain motivation behind the participation. The model contains thirteen motivationalfactors that we in this study developed into thirteen questions. We use these questions toexamine the content of the crowdsourcing services. Primarily we search for differences andsimilarities between services that offer possible monetary compensation and those who don’toffer any possible monetary compensation. We also want to test the relevance of Kaufmann’s etal. motivation model.Differences and similarities is shown to be insufficient to describe the findings made in thisstudy. Instead we identified three patterns. The first one has similarities within and between thetwo categories, where the motivational factors, human capital advancement and actionsignificance by external values, showed to have the strongest connection to this pattern. Thesecond pattern we found similarities within but differences between the categories, showed thatthe motivational factor, pastime, differs the most between categories. The third pattern,differences within and between categories, is the unexpected finding in this study. Among othermotivational factors, signaling is used differently by all the four services. We also found supportfor Kaufmann’s et al. motivation model, and finally confirmed findings from previous studies.
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O'Bear, Nathaniel Ryan. "Relationship Among Compensation, Benefits, Intrinsic Motivators, and Potential Referral Candidates." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7711.
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High rates of turnover among truck drivers in the United States limit the abilities of organizations to effectively move freight if organizational leaders cannot efficiently and economically replace drivers. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationship among compensation, benefits, intrinsic motivators, and potential referral recruiting in transportation organizations. Herzberg’s 2-factor theory was the theoretical framework for this study. Secondary data were collected for 566 Class A truck drivers from an Illinois-based partner organization’s 2018 employee satisfaction survey. The results of the multiple linear regression analyses indicated a significant relationship exists, F(3,562) = 258.323, p < .001, R2 = .580, among compensation (β = .231, p < .001), benefits (β = .101, p < .002), intrinsic motivators (β = .554, p < .001), and potential referral recruiting in transportation organizations. Overall, the independent variables accounted for 58% of the variance in the dependent variable with intrinsic motivators having the largest effect. The implication of these findings for positive social change includes equipping business leaders with information about motivational factors for recruiting drivers through referrals, which might increase community employment levels to improve the standard of living.
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Weiss, Maria Maxine. "A comparative study of the motivations of potential versus experienced foster care providers." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3091.
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The purpose of this study was to gather data relating to motivations of individuals who volunteer to participate as foster parent. By surveying potential, as well as current volunteers, a motivational profile was obtained that will aid in future recruitment and retention efforts.
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Hansson, Martina. "Underpresterande elever med hög potential : Särbegåvning och särskilda förmågor i matematik." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-35584.
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Lärare har ett ansvar att stötta särbegåvade elever och elever med särskilda förmågor i matematik, ofta förväntas de klara sig själva. Skollagen fastslår dock att "den [utbildningen] ska främja alla barns och elevers utveckling och lärande" (SFS 2010:800, kap 1, 4 §), alltså att alla har rätt att utvecklas efter sin förmåga. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att undersöka vad forskning säger om dessa elevers egenskaper, behov och vad som påverkar deras prestation. Studien visar att särbegåvade elever och elever med särskilda förmågor behöver utmaning för att motiveras och prestera efter sin potential. Många faktorer verkar också påverka motivation och prestation, bland annat självförtroende, känsla av ansvar, verklighetsbaserade uppgifter, läraren, vårdnadshavare och även den fysiska klassrumsmiljön. Dessa elever verkar också dra nytta av grupperingar efter förmåga. Även olika former av anpassning av undervisning påverkar elevernas motivation och prestation positivt, vilket inte läroboken gör. Detta verkar även gälla de flesta andra elever i en klass. En anpassning där alla individer gynnas är att föredra som lärare då inga elever bör utelämnas. En viktig slutsats är att alla elever är individer med olika uttryck, behov och intressen.
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Chernyuk, Nataliya. "Vers un renouveau de la fonction éducative dans les sociétés postmodernes." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H004.
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Ce travail part du constat d’une crise persistante de l’institution scolaire française fondée sur le modèle républicain. Dès les années 1970, les sociologues « conflictualistes » ont disséqué et dénoncé les mécanismes qui font de l’école un facteur de reproduction des inégalités sociales. Au fil des gouvernements successifs ont été mises en œuvre de multiples politiques éducatives souvent au détriment de la cohérence et de l’efficacité. Les enjeux de la massification ont également pesé sur l’organisation et l’efficacité de l’école. De multiples indices révèlent une dégradation du climat scolaire ainsi qu’une baisse récurrente des performances scolaires des élèves, ainsi que le montrent notamment les enquêtes du Programme international pour le suivi des acquis des élèves (PISA). L’école française, formatée sur les valeurs de la modernité, apparaît aujourd’hui en rupture avec l’environnement sociétal et en perte d’efficacité.Il est proposé une analyse du phénomène à la lumière du paradigme de la postmodernité. L’institution scolaire fonctionne selon un système de valeurs hérité de l’époque moderne, caractérisée par la rationalité et la verticalité, l’individu étant supposé se conformer à un modèle. Ces valeurs, à l’image des institutions républicaines traditionnelles, apparaissent saturées et ne fonctionnent plus. Or, l’époque postmoderne se caractérise par l’émergence d’une topique de l’horizontalité, une nouvelle conception de l’altérité, une éthique de l’instant, une nouvelle conception de l’altérité. On observe également une résurgence d’archaïsmes et des valeurs du sensible. Cet ensemble de phénomènes, caractéristique des tendances à l’œuvre dans les sociétés postmodernes, opère une mutation des mentalités et des représentations, notamment chez les jeunes. En restant imperméable à ce nouvel environnement sociétal, l’institution scolaire républicaine est en discordance avec les individus qu’elle est en charge de former, et de ce fait, se disqualifie, devient inadaptée et « imperformante ».Une mutation pédagogique s’est amorcée au cours du 20ème siècle, grâce aux apports de la psychologie, et en premier lieu du constructivisme, dans le sens d’une meilleure mobilisation des fonctions psychologiques de l’individu en faveur de l’apprentissage. A partir des années 1960, l’évolution de la pédagogie a pu s’appuyer sur les travaux des psychologues humanistes qui ont amélioré la compréhension les mécanismes de la motivation et mis en évidence l’importance de concepts tels que l’estime de soi. Ces concepts ont contribué à une mutation pédagogique, qui s’est par ailleurs appuyée sur les recherches « processus-produits » ainsi que sur les pratiques réflexives d’enseignants. Cependant il apparaît manifestement que les apports de la psychologie et les résultats de ces recherches sont insuffisamment intégrés concrètement dans le processus éducatif en France.En tout état de cause, il demeure que la mutation pédagogique est inachevée tant que l’école ne se met pas au diapason de l’environnement sociétal. Selon le paradigme des théories de Jung appliquées à l’éducation, nous mettons l’accent sur le caractère archétypal de la relation enseignant-élève. Nous soulignons en outre des convergences avec les théories sur l’imaginaire. Nous entendons démontrer que la mise en œuvre appropriée d’une éducation « archétypale », tirant parti de la sensibilité, de l’intuition, de l’empathie et de la mise en résonance constitue un puissant vecteur d’éducation. La voie recherchée est celle de l’initiation de l’élève à la connaissance et à la valorisation de ses potentiels personnels. L’instauration d’une telle relation éducative repose actuellement sur une démarche individuelle de l’enseignant. Elle implique de ce dernier un travail préalable d’auto analyse. En conclusion, l’incorporation de ces concepts dans l’organisation de l’institution éducativeThis research starts from the observation of an ongoing crisis of French educational institution based on the republican model. By the 1970s, the "conflictualists" sociologists have studied and denounced the mechanisms that make the school a factor of the continuation of social inequality. Previous governments have implemented numerous educational policies often at the expense of consistency and efficiency. The challenges of dealing with a massive system and efficiency of the school. There are indications of deterioration in the school climate as well as recurrent lower academic performance of students, as shown by surveys such as Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). French schools based on modern values at odds with the social environment and loss of efficiency.We propose to conduct an analysis of the French schools in the light of the paradigm of postmodernity. French educational institution operates on a system of values inherited from the modern era, characterized by rationality and verticality, (i.e. transfer of knowledge from the top down) the individual is expected to conform to a model. These values, like traditional republican institutions are obsolete and no longer work. However, the postmodern era is characterized by the emergence of a topical horizontality (i.e. learning from your peers and your teacher), a new concept of interpersonal relationships and communication with each other. There is also a resurgence of archaic and sensitive values. These are phenomena characteristic of trends in postmodern societies, influencing attitudes and representations, particularly among young people. Remaining impervious to the new social environment, the Republican school institution is in discordance with the people in which is in charge of training, and thus, becomes inadequate and "unperformant."Pedagogical transformation began in the 20th century, thanks to the contributions of psychology, including constructivism in the sense of a better mobilization of psychological functions of the individual. From the 1960s, the evolution of pedagogy in theory relies on the work of humanist psychologists who have improved the understanding of the mechanisms of motivation and highlighted the importance of concepts such as self-esteem. These concepts have contributed to educational changes, which have supported research on "process-product" and the reflective practices of teachers. However, it clearly appears that the contributions of psychology and the results of these studies are insufficiently integrated practice in the educational process in France.The fact remains that educational change is incomplete as the school is not attuned to the social environment. The paradigm theories of Jung applied to education, focused on the archetypal nature of the teacher-student relationship. In addition, we further stress, convergence with theories of imagination. We intend to demonstrate that the proper implementation of an "archetypal" education, leveraging the sensitivity, intuition, empathy and the “resonance” is a powerful contributor to education. The goal is to seat the connection between student knowledge and enhancement of personal potential. The establishment of such an educational relationship is currently based on an individual approach of the teacher including their own self analysis in order to improve the transfer of knowledge.In conclusion, the incorporation of these concepts in the organization of the educational institution would require a thorough overhaul of the educational process, but also the recruitment and training of teachers
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Jergon, Roman. "Potential of virtual worlds in commercial utilization." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-165182.
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Thesis is concerned by virtual worlds and possibilities of their utilization other than are their original purposes. The objectives of this paper are to confront virtual worlds with mass media and their utilization. The author wants to show that virtual worlds are in many aspects similar to mass media. The author also shows possible utilization of virtual worlds for commercial companies, non-profit organizations, research and individuals. Work shows possible options for usage of virtual worlds together with option to cooperate with providers of the virtual world. This cooperation may take two forms. Content alternation means that providers of the virtual world change items or places inside the virtual world into the form desired by client. Providers may even sell their data about events inside the virtual world, thus clients may obtain unique data about human behavior and reaction to e.g. propagation campaign. Confrontation of virtual worlds with the mass media and describing possible utilizations that come from this confrontation, make content of this paper is original.
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Eneqvist, Joel, and Albin Tällberg. "Sponsring som motivationsfrämjande verktyg : En utvärderande studie om sponsringens potential för att motivera personal imindre organisationer." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-25483.
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Motivation är idag ett vedertaget beaktat fenomen hos flertalet organisationer som genom olika verktyg eftersträvar att få personalen motiverade i arbetet vilket i sin tur gör organisationer mer effektiva och framgångsrika. En relativ outforskad metodik för organisationer är att främja en motiverad personal med sponsring. Generellt uppfattas sponsring som ett legitimt marknadsföringsverktyg, men på senare tid har sponsringsfenomenet tagit en annan riktning där flera forskare menar att sponsring kan påverka organisationers personal och motivera dem i arbetet. Sponsring, som verktyg för att motivera personal, kan därför konkretiseras som ett relativt outforskat område. Utifrån forskning och tidigare publikationer verkar det föreligga fördelar för mindre organisationer att främja motiverad personal genom sponsring. Utifrån studiens problemdiskussion väcktes en ambition där syftet för denna studie är att utvärdera om sponsring fungerar och kan användas som ett verktyg för att motivera personal i mindre organisationer. För att svara på syftet genomfördes en enkätundersökning. Enkäten skickades ut till personal i sex mindre organisationer som sponsrar elitidrottsföreningar där totalt 52 ifyllda enkäter samlades in. Insamlad data har analyserats med stöd av den teoretiska referensramen där resultatet visar att sponsring fungerar och kan användas som ett verktyg för att motivera personal i mindre organisationer. Resultatet visar dock att dessa organisationer inte lyckas motivera all personal genom sponsring, varav problematiken ligger i att inte all personal värdesätter eller tillåts bli involverad i sponsringsaktiviteterna. Om personalen får påverka val av sponsring och involveras i sponsringsaktiviteterna skulle organisationerna kunna utvinna mer motivation hos personalen. Resultatet indikerar även att sponsring som motivationsverktyg fungerar något bättre i mindre organisationer jämfört med större organisationer, men finner begränsningar som framtida studier kan besvara.Today motivation is a well-considered phenomenon of several organizations that, through various tools, seek to make staff motivated at work that which in turn make organizations more effective and successful. A relatively unexplained methodology, for organizations promoting a motivated staff, is through corporate sponsorship. In general, corporate sponsorship is perceived as a legitimate marketing tool, but lately, the corporate sponsorship phenomenon has taken another direction where several researchers believe that sponsorship can affect organizational staff and motivate them at work. The corporate sponsorship, as a tool for motivating staff at work, can therefore be precised as a relatively unexplored area. Based on research and previous publications, there seems to be advantages for smaller organizations to promote motivation for staff through corporate sponsorship. Based on the problem discussion, the ambition arose where the purpose of this study is to evaluate whether corporate sponsorship serves and can be used as a tool to motivate staff in smaller organizations. To answer the purpose of this paper, a survey was conducted. The survey was sent to the staff in 6 smaller organizations who are sponsoring professional athletes compounds, where a total of 52 completed questionnaires were collected. The collected data has been analysed based on the theoretical reference framework, where the results show that corporate sponsorship serves and can be used as a tool to motivate staff in smaller organizations. However, the results show that these organizations fail to satisfy all staff by corporate sponsorship, the problem being that not all staff valued or was allowed to engage in the sponsored activities. If the staff get´s a chance to make an influence on the decisions that surrounds the corporate sponsorship and is allowed to be involved in the sponsored activities the organizations could gain more motivation from the staff. The result also indicates that corporate sponsorship, as a motivational tool, serves slightly better in smaller organizations compared with larger organizations but finds limitations that future studies can relate.
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Larsson, Fredrik, and Kjellsson Nelly Strid. "The Potential Motivational Impact of 'Schoolifying' Extramural English Activities." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-30620.
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This research paper aims to investigate if the incorporation of students’ extramural English (EE) activities, such as watching movies or playing computer games, into the English classroom affect their motivation. This research was inspired by The School Inspectorate’s (Skolinspektionen, 2011) conclusion that too many Swedish students find English lessons un-motivating as well as boring. Partly to blame for this problem is the lack of perceived authenticity in the English classroom when compared to the activities that the students are engaged in outside of school (EE). Since this gap between school English and out-of-school English is creating un-motivated students in the classroom, this paper aims to describe learner motivation towards the English language, and whether incorporating students EE activities can increase their motivation. This is done with the support of different theories of motivation as well as the current globalized landscape, with English being considered a global language. One teacher and 25 of her students were interviewed to hear their thoughts on whether the incorporation of extramural English activities into the classroom would increase motivation. The study came to the conclusion that students wanted to learn English in order to become participants in the globalized world. Also, both teacher and students wanted to incorporate extramural English activities into the classroom and stated that this would increase their motivation in school. However, they also explained that it had to be incorporated, or ‘schoolified’, in a way that increased the students’ knowledge and proficiency, and was in line with the curriculum and its knowledge requirements.
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Oliver, Jason A. "Effects of Nicotine Withdrawal on Motivation, Reward Sensitivity and Reward-Learning." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5754.
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Research on addictive behavior has traditionally emphasized the role that primary reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse plays in the development and maintenance of dependence. However, contemporary behavioral economic theory and animal models of nicotine dependence suggest the need for greater attention to the impact that response to alternative rewards may have on smoking behavior. The present study sought to investigate the impact of nicotine withdrawal on self-report, behavioral and neural indices of motivation, immediate response to rewards and the capacity to learn and modify behavior in response to positive and negative feedback. Heavy smokers (n = 48) completed two laboratory sessions following overnight deprivation, during which they smoked either nicotinized or denicotinized cigarettes. At each session, they completed a reward prediction and feedback learning task while electro-encephalographic recordings were obtained, as well as resting state recordings which were used to extract global indices of motivational state. Results confirmed that nicotine withdrawal produced an avoidant motivational state. This effect was strongly related to numerous indices of smoking motivation. Exploratory analyses also revealed numerous moderators of these effects. Behavioral data from tasks provided some support for the impact of nicotine withdrawal on reward and feedback processing, though minimal impact was observed for neural indices. Together, results confirm the manifestation of a broad-spanning impact of nicotine withdrawal on motivational state, but effects on specific reward systems remains unknown. Future research should examine the impact of nicotine withdrawal on other reward-related constructs to better delineate these effects.
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Hanlon, Nonie Erin Bliss. "The Effect of an Acute Bout of Exercise on Food Motivation, Energy Intake, and Total Physical Activity in Normal-Weight and Obese Woman: An Event-Related Potential Study." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2845.
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This study examined the effect of acute exercise on food motivation, energy intake, and total physical activity in normal-weight and obese women. Participants of both groups were matched (except for Body Mass Index) and conditions (exercise vs. non-exercise) were randomized and counter-balanced. Eighteen normal-weight and 17 obese women completed an exercise and non-exercise day, each performed on the same day of the week. Exercise was performed on a motor-driven treadmill at 3.8 mph and 0% grade for 45 continuous minutes. To test for food motivation, participants were shown a continuous stream of pictures of food and flowers (control) while neural activity was monitored. Data were analyzed using a 2-group x 2-exercise condition x 2-picture type repeated measures analysis of covariance on event-related potential (ERP) amplitude and latency. Dietary records were analyzed using the Food Processor SQL nutrition software. Physical activity was monitored using a GT1M accelerometer. For both groups under both conditions, ERP amplitude was higher and latency was lower for food pictures compared to flower pictures. When normal-weight and obese women were combined, there was a significant condition*picture type interaction for late positive potential (P=0.04) with participants showing less neurological response to food pictures following a 45-minute exercise bout. Exercise did not alter energy intake. However, the exercise condition resulted in significantly more total physical activity, moderate intensity, vigorous intensity, moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) intensity activity, and less sedentary time than the non-exercise condition. There was a significant group*condition interaction for MVPA (P=0.043) with obese women showing less MVPA than the normal-weight group. The sample of women studied did not show neurological differences in response to pictures of food based upon BMI. However, exercise decreased neurological responses to food, which may indicate lower food motivation. A supervised and planned exercise bout dramatically increased total physical activity in normal-weight and obese women compared to a day without planned exercise. There may be some negative compensation for MVPA in obese women following a 45-minute exercise bout compared to normal-weight women.
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Deckard, Allan Paul. "Potential motivational effects of altered compensation rates in comparison to other type incentives on building principal performance." PDXScholar, 1986. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/588.
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The effective schools research has repeatedly concluded that effective schools are characterized by effective administrators. The desire, then, of local school boards to improve administrator performance has emerged, based upon the assumption that as building principal performance improves, so does teacher performance, and ultimately, student performance. Merit pay has received a great deal of attention in education recently as a means to motivate administrators towards improved performance. Merit pay is supported by the "physical-economic" school of thought which believes that individuals are "economically motivated". In contrast, the "work itself" or "job satisfaction" school of thought believes that individuals are best motivated by factors which affect job meaningfulness. Merit pay is viewed as a "hygiene" factor which may decrease job "dissatisfaction" but does not necessarily result in increased motivation. This dissertation compared the "physical-economic" concept of altered compensation rates or merit pay, to the "job satisfaction" or "work itself" concept of increased job meaningfulness as a means to motivate principals towards improved performance. When given a list of incentives, principals were asked to choose between merit pay and other type incentives. Of the 312 principals surveyed, 244 responded for a 78% return rate with the following results: 28% preference for merit pay at the 5% level; 47% preference for merit pay at the 10% level; 63% preference for merit pay at the 15% level; and, 68% preference at the 20% level. Frequencies tallied and percents derived indicated a consistent preference for merit pay at the 15% and 20% levels irrespective of demographics. These results would seem to indicate that "work meaningfulness" incentives are desirable to principals, but when paired against ever increasing levels of "potential monetary compensation", they lose their attractiveness. Even though merit pay received a popular response from the principals surveyed at the higher levels offered, merit pay's track record is so poor as to suggest that better measurement methods need to be devised before such a program is initiated. According to the literature reviewed, it is doubtful that such an objective and equitable means of measurement is feasible without interfering in a principal's daily routine, thus reducing the principal's effectiveness.
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Ashworth, Ethan C. "The Effects of Deception and Manipulation of Motivation to Deceive on Event Related Potentials." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/359.
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The Correct Response Negativity (CRN) is an event-related potential component that is affected by the act of deception. However, there have been inconsistent findings on the effect of deception on the CRN. Suchotzki, et al. (2015) suggested that the design of the paradigm used to elicit the deceptive response is what controls the size of the CRN. Specifically, motivation to deceive changes the size of deception relative to telling the truth. This study attempted to follow up on suggestions made by Suchotzki et al. (2015) to investigate if extraneous motivation to lie does indeed invert the ratio of CRN in lie compared to truth responses in a deception experiment by manipulating the motivation to lie. This study used a modification of the image-based guilty knowledge test (GKT) paradigm used in Langleben et al. (2002). The first hypothesis of this experiments was that a larger CRN during deception relative to truth-telling will be observed when participants are not motivated to lie, while a larger CRN during truth-telling relative to deception will be observed when participants are motivated to lie. The hypothesis was not supported. The second hypothesis of this experiment was that the P300 component would be larger when participants were motivated to lie, as compared to when they were instructed to lie. Results indicated that P300 was significantly higher in the lie conditions than in the truth conditions; however, there was no difference in amplitude as a function of whether they were in the informed or motivated lie condition.
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Gunnervall, Anders. "Motives of potential event visitors : A pre-event case study of the Storsjöyran music festival." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-14090.
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The purpose of this thesis was to study potential event visitors and their motives to either attend or not attend an event. A pre-event case study of the music festival Storsjöyran was conducted and 701 potential visitors’ motives were studied through a web-based survey containing both questions with 5-point Likert-type scale and open ended questions. The main motive for visiting Storsjöyran music festival was to experience the core program (live music), but socializing and to experience the special atmosphere were also important factors. Motives for not visiting the festival were a question of costs exceeding benefits. High costs did not solely mean high ticket prices but also included the effort to travel and the risk of what an event can bring in terms of negative experiences, mainly in the confrontation with other festival visitors. The results also support previous findings that motives differ between visitors to the same event. Respondents’ age, origin and links to the place where the festival is held were found to be useful segmentation factors according to the festival Storsjöyran. The organizers were recommend to continue to design the festival for music experiences, but also to consider the social interactions between visitors and design the event for more satisfying experiences related to this area.
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Romney, Lora Light. "The Relationship between Sleep Deprivation, Food Motivation, and Energy Intake in Normal-Weight and Obese Females." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8823.
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Objective: Sleep deprivation has been proposed as a potential correlate of obesity, particularly influencing energy intake. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare neural indices of attention related to food motivation and energy intake in normal-weight and obese women under two separate sleep conditions: 1) sleep-restricted (<5 hours) and 2) recommended sleep (~8 hours). This study used a combined cross-over and ex post facto design with condition order counter-balanced. Methods: Twenty-two normal-weight (age=30.9±9.5y, BMI=22.0±1.6 kg/m2) and 18 obese (age=29.7±10.7 y, BMI=36.4±5.3 kg/m2) women completed both sleep conditions. To confirm sleep levels, participants recorded sleep quality and quantity via sleep logs and wore a wrist actigraph. Following each condition, participants reported to the laboratory under the same fed state (energy shake ~10% of total daily needs) to verify they followed the sleep protocol. Subsequently, motivation for food was tested using electroencephalogram (EEG); participants completed a computerized passive-viewing task of food and flowers, while event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded. After EEG testing, participants continued their normal routine but recorded all energy intake using weighed food scales. There were no instructions or limitations on dietary intake. Analyses included P300 and LPP amplitudes in response to picture type, total next day energy intake, and energy intake by several periods of the day. Results: Participants averaged 4.7±0.4 hours of sleep during the sleep-restricted condition and 7.7±0.3 hours during the recommended sleep condition (F=1057.02; P<0.0001). There was no group*condition interaction for next day food motivation (P300: F<2.896, P>0.09; LPP: F<2.967, P>0.093). Next day total energy intake also did not differ by group*condition (F=1.81; P=0.187). When participants were pooled, there was no difference in energy intake by sleep condition (F=0.00; P=0.953). However, when participants’ energy intake was analyzed during the lunch period (following testing to 1:30pm) there was a significant group*condition interaction (F=6.12; P=0.018). The obese women ate significantly more (~300 kcal) during the sleep-deprived condition compared to the recommended condition, whereas the normal-weight women did not. Conclusion: Compared to suggested levels of sleep, sleep restriction and obesity do not influence next day food motivation or total next day energy intake. However, sleep restriction and obesity may influence feeding during certain portions of the day.
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Schepers, Scott Timothy. "Renewal In The Context Of Stress: A Potential Mechanism Of Stress-Induced Reinstatement." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/780.
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In the animal laboratory, stressors can produce the relapse of drug-seeking behaviors after the behavior has been inhibited by extinction. This type of relapse has been called stress-induced reinstatement, and it models the relapse that is commonly reported in human populations. Interestingly, in the laboratory, stress does not typically reinstate extinguished behaviors that have been reinforced by food. One account of the discrepancy is that drugs of abuse may induce stress; therefore, when organisms learn to respond for drugs, they might learn to make the response in the “context” of stress. If so, then stress-induced reinstatement may be better described as renewal in a stress context. Renewal is the type of relapse that occurs when a behavior is returned to the original training context (or is shifted to a new context) after it has been inhibited or suppressed by extinction. Although renewal has usually been studied with contexts that differ in their exteroceptive cues, interoceptive cues (e.g., mood, food deprivation, and drug states) may also provide contexts. Accordingly, if an interoceptive stress state is present when food-seeking behavior is learned, then extinguished food seeking, like drug seeking, should also renew when the organism is stressed after extinction. In this dissertation, I discuss six experiments that investigated this hypothesis. Experiment 1 found that stressors renew extinguished food-seeking if they are also present during instrumental training. Experiments 2 and 3 then provided preliminary evidence that this effect is not exclusively due to incentive learning. Experiment 4 then suggested that interoceptive stress, and not the particular stressor that produces it, may indeed serve as a general interoceptive context that controls the effect. Experiment 5 found that stressors present for acquisition but not extinction training render behavior susceptible to stress induced relapse. The final experiment found that food-reinforced behavior learned in a context created by a cocaine injection renews after cocaine administration but not after footshock stress. Overall, the results indicate that the presence of interoceptive stress stimuli may play the role of context in a renewal paradigm and promote behavioral relapse when re-encountered after extinction. The implications for relapse that often occur following successful suppression of drug use and overeating behaviors are both discussed.
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Kramer, Tereza Joy. "GIVING STUDENTS THE REINS: TAKING ADVANTAGE OF SERVICE-LEARNING'S POTENTIAL AS A PEDAGOGY FOR TEACHING WRITING." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/480.
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Service-learning helps students experience the practical applications of learning to write well; it also offers opportunities for students to develop a sense of civic responsibility. Although service-learning is growing in popularity, this pedagogy is not prevalent in English departments. Additionally, service-learning courses across all disciplines typically do not empower students to make their own project decisions. Given these tendencies, it is useful to consider whether service-learning is an effective pedagogy for writing, whether students should be designing their own projects, and what writing instructors could do to facilitate students' growth as writers while completing projects in the community. This is a qualitative case study, incorporating quantitative data, of two technical writing courses. I reviewed the students' answers to surveys developed for this research, plus their course evaluations, individual reflective writing, and collaborative project documents, and then I compiled and collated the students' references to what they were learning and what they were struggling with. The references fall within the following themes: student decision-making; the role of the instructor; the rhetorical tenets of audience and purpose; service; collaboration with peers and community members; written expression; and professionalism and motivation. Relying upon the students' comments in regard to these themes, I suggest that service-learning can help students become invested in the outcome of their written expression, motivating them to learn how to address audience and purpose through strong writing. Students learn to work collaboratively and develop their own individual voices as they discover, reflect upon, and express their ideas and shared knowledge. Instructors should ask students to design their own projects, allowing them to engage with and learn how to contribute to the community: through self-directed experiential projects, students become more likely to understand the power of writing and to transfer their new knowledge to later situations. I conclude with a discussion of the need for targeted research and suggestions for teaching writing through community-based pedagogy to enhance civic engagement.
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Straight, Ryan M. "An Exploratory Study of Augmented Reality and Mobile Games Examining Ingress Player Motivation and Potential Educational Value." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1426691458.
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Ward, Clay Herold. "Psychological aspects and potential pathogenic processes of achievement striving associated with the Type A personality." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82607.
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The Type A personality has been associated with coronary heart disease and other psychosomatic illnesses. Previous investigators have suggested that a major stress-related feature of the Type A personality is "excessive" striving for achievement, even though ambition is often conceptualized as a positive aspect of personality. The purpose of the present dissertation was to examine whether there are psychological differences in how Type A individuals, compared to their Type B counterparts, approach and respond to an achievement situation, which, in addition to defining the Type A personality, have potential pathogenic health and personal adjustment implications.
Three experiments are reported which examined self-directed behavior in an achievement situation where subjects were required to perform sequential general information tests. The results of Experiment I support the hypotheses that Type A individuals, compared to Type B individuals, adopt very high standards for performance, which increase the probability that they will not achieve their personal goals.
The results of Experiment II expand on the findings of Experiment I by indicating that in addition to not achieving personal goals, Type A individuals, relative to Type B individuals, also tend to devalue their actual performance. Furthermore, failure to achieve personal goals was associated with increased self-report of psychological distress. The findings of Experiment III replicate previous results and further indicate that failure to achieve personal goals is associated with specific negative consequences of increased anger and decreased self-esteem. The results also indicate that Type A individuals compared to Type B individuals, tend to make internal attributions for failure, while at the same time, they take less personal credit for success. Finally, the results of Experiment III suggest that the Type A personality is related to general negative affective states, psychosomatic illness, and daily stress.
Results of the three experiments indicate that there are important psychological characteristics of how Type A individuals approach and respond to an achievement situation, which appear to have pathogenic health and personal adjustment consequences. Recent reconceptualizations of the Type A personality have emphasized a trait-like dimension of hostility, characterized by cynicism, resentment, and suspiciousness toward others as the "toxic" component of the Type A personality. The present study urges that striving toward lofty goals, devaluation of performance, self-blame for failure without taking comparable self-credit for success, along with negative self-evaluation also be viewed as important unhealthy aspects of the Type A personality.Ph. D.
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Škofová, Tereza. "Využití potenciálu dobrovolníků v muzeích a galeriích v České republice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-194120.
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This theses focuses on fulfilling of the potential of cooperation between volunteers and the four biggest museums and galleries in the Czech Republic (The National Museum, The National Gallery, The Moravian Museum and The Moravian Gallery). As an inspiration and comparison, the situation in The British Museum in London is addressed. The main hypothesis is that there are so few volunteers in the four mentioned institutions because they cannot and do not want to cooperate with volunteers properly and they do not even understand the basic idea of volunteering. The main aim of this theses is to identify the main barriers in the relationship and cooperation of volunteers and the four Czech museums and galleries and to provide recommendations for elimination of these problems and for improvement.
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Alshehri, Maha Mohammed A. "Potential changes in Saudi students' motivations and attitudes towards learning English as a foreign language after immersion in an L2 learning environment." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2018. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/426442/.
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This study traces potential changes in the motivation of Saudi students studying English as a second language (L2) in the UK. It investigates whether the beliefs and motivations of these students have changed during their learning experience, and identifies the pedagogical implications of such change for English teaching, not only to Saudi students in the UK, but also to Saudi students enrolled in Saudi higher education institutions. It aims to identify the reasons behind changes in motivation as well as the impact these may have on students' attitudes towards learning English as a foreign language (EFL). Data from questionnaires, interviews, and observations are used through three phases of English academic programme. The subjects of the study are newly arrived Saudi students (three PhD students and 29 Master's students) studying in four different universities in the UK under the fields of Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, and Translation. The conceptual framework is based on Dörnyei's L2 Motivational Self System Theory and Dörnyei & Ushioda's framework of motivation and L2 self. Changes in motivation are usually accompanied by changes in students' classroom involvement, attitudes towards the target language, and positive or negative impacts on the students' outcomes and language competencies. Similar to other types of learning, L2 learning cannot take place in a vacuum. There are various factors that could affect second language learning in general, and learning English as a foreign language, in particular. One such factor is motivation in the second language acquisition (SLA). Studying the factors affecting motivation in language acquisition in this study is important because without motivation, even learners with vital skills cannot attain long-term goals. Also, the analysis of changes in behaviour, attitudes, and results could help in monitoring and tracing changes in language learning motivation. The present study has various contributions to the field of SLA. First, it validates earlier studies about the issue of motivation in linguistics, attitudes towards language, and changes in one's self-identity as an outcome of language development. Second, it serves as an addition to the body of knowledge pertaining to motivation and attitude of Saudi students towards English as L2 and the important role of culture in this process. Further, it serves as an important contribution to how Saudi students' L2 acquisition is understood using Dörnyei's L2 Motivational Self System.
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Bachmann, Bernhard. "Concepts of ethical leadership and their potential implementation in organisations : an operational perspective." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2015. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/452917.
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This study links ethical leadership theory to the implementation of improved leadership practices and examines whether ethical leadership characteristics actually exist, particularly in highly operational environments. The study analyses how ethical leadership can be embedded by process, by applied leadership (role modelling), and by changing culture and climate. The conclusion reveals that all three approaches are needed for an implementation and depend on middle managers, otherwise no organisational transformation is possible. The research design of this qualitative study analyses data from 100 in-depth interviews using inductive categorisation, aiming to retrieve deep, rich and unprompted data from a highly developed and advanced production facility. The ethical leadership characteristics, and evidence specific influences on leadership behaviour, revealing 14 perceived leadership issues resulting in a leadership climate which negatively influences motivation, performance, and corporate culture. These issues were found to be responsible for deteriorating work climate, motivation, morale, and team spirit. Particularly favouritism, inequalities, shouting, blaming, internal competition and unclear strategies ruin motivation, employee health, and co-operation. Concerning the implementation of a better suited leadership culture, a research framework model is developed, integrating transformational change and leadership. Findings document that the influence of middle managers acting as role models seems to be greater than research suggests. Key findings also show that individual leadership development without changing the corporate realities is not sufficient to implement ethical strategies. Neglecting to actively control the leadership climate can have devastating effects even for very successful operations. Considering the pressure of goal attainment in highly operational areas, an absence of unethical behaviour can already be seen as a success for leaders. Finally, a change process sequence for shaping leadership climate was identified. These research results are highly relevant for organisations and leaders wishing to be engaged in improving their leadership quality.
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Lopez, Clara Ines, and Emma Grubbström. "Motivational factors and Leadership preferences of the Millennial generation : Unlocking the potential of our future leaders." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-17397.
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A lot of effort is put into diversity by organizations today, but the diversity question mainly focuses on gender, ethnicity, cultural and beliefs (Robertson, et al., (2017), while one of the most daunting diversity challenges has been proven to be diversity between generations, which often goes overlooked and unaddressed. A new generation represent an increasing share of the work force and many of them are already today positioned in leading positions, aspiring for leadership positions or aiming to reach for management positions to be able to do difference. Organizations that understand how to successfully address generational conflict and leverage each generation’s strengths will be better able to keep employees motivated and productive amidst the social and economical changes. This study aims to explore the leadership preferences and motivation factors for the Millennial Generation, in order to unlock their potential and be able to bridge this knowledge gap. The preferences were examined through a survey, targeting a study group of millennial knowledge workers with various backgrounds from different companies to be able to dismiss possible bias reflecting different cultures. The survey was performed by adopting items from the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), based on Bass’ (1985) Transactional – Transformational leadership theory and the Career Orientation Inventory (COI) reflecting Schein’s (1985) theory about career anchors. The survey was delivered through several channels and in the end a sample group of 105 Millennial knowledge workers were included in further analysis. An Explorative Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted to determine the underlying structure among the variables in the analysis. Since this research is based on previous studies (Blom, 2010), the methodology is chosen as a confirmatory approach with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to show how well the model fits the data. A Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is performed to evaluate the relationship between the variables from Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) for Transactional and Transformation Leadership theory and Career Orientation Inventory for Career anchors. Findings by Blom, (2010) reveal that the Millennial knowledge workers prefer leadership dimensions that involve intellectual stimulation and charisma, which correspond to a transformational leadership style compared to a transactional leadership style. This type of leadership focus on the change in individuals and creates valuable and positive changes, which inspires towards both common and individual goals. Similar results were obtained in our study and the relation with motivating factors shows that the sample group with higly educated people in the knowledge sector are motivated by having meaningful purpose with their job. They also wish to reach administrative positions in their companies and are interested by the thought of create and manage their own business. The interrelation between these factors determines the degree of satisfaction which is directly linked to the relationship between motivation and productivity. This is why it shall be one of the highest priorities of each organisation to find how to motivate their employees on an individual level, it is directly connected to productivity. Key words: Millennials, Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Career Anchors, knowledge workers
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Stramrood, Zander. "The impact of people risks on any organisation, and potential, strategies to mitigate those risks : a literature review." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18133.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2008.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Organisations are under constant pressure to perform and meet shareholders' demands and expectations, Whether it is a global, national, regional or entrepreneurial enterprise, the management team need to ensure that the operations are run effectively and efficiently. People or human resource related risks are being recognised more often as having a potentially high impact on meeting company objectives. Leaders have realised that human resources remain one of the most important assets, if not the most important, of the company. Employees on the other hand have realised that companies are willing to reward them according to value added, and are often using this to their advantage. Employers need to be aware of the risks associated with their workforce and manage it in order to mitigate the risks and limit the consequences. Various types of people risks have been identified by academics and professionals, often classified into different categories. People risks which are not managed effectively may pose a moral, social, legal and/or environmental burden on the business, shareholders as well as leadership. This study involves a literature study as well as a survey to determine the impact which these risks may have on different types of businesses, and their ability to meet organisational objectives. The literature study focuses on 30 different people related risks, categorised into physical risks as well as non-physical risks. Each risk has been explored in the study, reflecting different opinions as well as potential consequences if not managed effectively. The survey conducted amongst risk management practitioners and consultants reflects personal opinions regarding the level of impact which a risk may have on meeting organisational objectives. Each respondent had the opportunity to rank a risk as having either a high, medium or low impact on meeting objectives. The survey concluded that certain non-physical risks featured very prominently as being high risks, while the physical risks were regarded as medium to low risk. HIV/AIDS and occupational injuries were the only two physical risks which featured in the top ten risks according to the survey results. Conclusions drawn from the survey conducted as well as previous research are that three of the top five risks are similar. There is also the possibility that organisational leaders and professional advisors may not always be aware of the people risks associated with business. The potential for further surveys and research is vast, and potential for organisations to become more effective and efficient largely depend on the ability to identify, assess, evaluate and manage risks according to risk management principles. A basic risk management process is explained in the recommendations section, together with a variety of mitigating strategies and suggestions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Organisasies is deesdae onder voortdurende druk om te presteer en aan aandeelhouers se eise en verwagtinge te voldoen. Dit maak nie saak of dit 'n globale, nasionale, streek- of entrepreneursaak is nie, die bestuurspan moet verseker dat die bedrywighede effektief en doeltreffend bestuur word. Menslikehulpbron-verwante risiko's word al meer geag 'n potensieel hoë impak te hê op maatskappye se vermeë om doelwitte te bereik. Leiers het besef dat menslike hulpbronne een van die belangrikste bates van die maatskappy bly, indien nie die belangrikste nie. Werknemers het weer besef dat maatskappye bereid is om hulle te vergoed ooreenkomstig waarde toegevoeg, en gebruik dit dikwels tot hul voordeel. Werkgewers behoort bewus te wees van die risiko's verbonde aan hul arbeidsmag en dit so te bestuur dat die risiko's verminder en die gevolge beperk word. Verskillende tipes menslike risiko's is al deur akademici en professionele persone geïdentifiseer en hulle word dikwels in verskillende kategorieë geklassifiseer. Menslike risiko's wat nie effektief bestuur word nie, kan morele, sosiale, wetlike en/of omgewingstremmings plaas op die besigheid, aandeelhouers sowel as die bestuur. Die studie behels 'n omvattende literatuurstudie sowel as 'n opname om die moontlike impak te bepaal van hierdie risiko's op verskillende tipes besighede en hul vermoë om sakedoelwitte te bereik. Die literatuurstudie fokus op 30 verskillende menslike risiko's wat as fisiese en nie-fisiese risiko's gekategoriseer word. Elke risiko is in die studie ontleed, en verskillende sienings en potensiële gevolge indien die risiko nie bestuur word nie, word verduidelik. Die opname wat onder risikobestuurpraktisyns en -konsultante gedoen is, weerspiëel persoonlike menings aangaande die graad van die impak wat 'n risiko op die bereiking van organisasiedoelwitte kan hê. Elke respondent het die geleentheid gehad om die risiko's te evalueer en aan te dui of dit 'n hoë, medium of lae impak het op die bereiking van doelwitte. Die opname het bevind dat sommige nie-fisiese fisiko's baie prominent uitgestaan het as hoë risiko's, terwyl die fisiese risiko's meestal as medium tot lae risiko's beskou is. MIV/VIGS en beroepsbeserings is die enigste twee fisiese risiko's wat onder die top tien risiko's verskyn het volgens die resultate van die opname. Gevolgtrekkings uit die opname sowel as vorige navorsing dui aan dat drie van die top vyf risiko's soortgelyk is. Die moontlikheid bestaan ook dat besigheidsleiers en professionele adviseurs nie altyd vertroud is met menslike risiko's ten opsigte van die besigheid nie. Die potensiaal vir toekomstige opnames en navorsing is enorm, en die potensiaal van organisasies om meer effektief en doeltreffend te word, hang grootliks af van die vermoë om risiko's volgens risikobestuurbeginsels te identifiseer, te bereken, te evalueer en te bestuur. 'n Basiese risikobestuursproses word in die afdeling met aanbevelings verduidelik, tesame met 'n verskeidenheid van voorkomingstrategieë en -voorstelle.
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Dempsey, Jared. "Speaking up for safety : examining factors which influence nurses' motivation to mitigate patient risk by challenging colleagues in situations of potential medical error." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=166094.
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Research suggests that individuals in the workplace might have a difficulty sharing their perceptions of risk and challenging unsafe behaviours. This thesis utilises The Theory of Planned Behaviour to examine which factors promote or hinder healthcare workers’ willingness to speak up and confront clinicians’ risky behaviours that could lead to medical error and hence endanger patient safety. The Theory of Planned Behaviour addresses issues surrounding intentions garnered from explicitly measured variables; in addition the thesis further sought to identify attitudes to speaking up using an implicit measure approach, and an approach using a computerbased, scenario-placement, reaction time methodology. Overall, the results of the thesis’s four studies suggest that nurses’ decisions to speak up are influenced by a variety of negative and positive beliefs. These beliefs include the effect speaking up has on the nurse speaking up and the patient; the support and actions of other nurses and medical personnel; and nurses feelings of confidence, knowledge and experience. Nurses also demonstrated a belief that they are more likely to speak up than their peers. Results also suggested that nurses speak up to individuals that they trust and distrust, indicating that trust and distrust are not polar opposites. The findings suggest that if speaking up is to be promoted practitioners need to address nurses’ negative beliefs—this is especially true with regard to fears about speaking up to authority figures. Nurses stated beliefs that they are more likely to speak up than their peers might be a result of presentation-bias or self-bias, if the cause is self-bias then training nurses to be more assertive and challenge risk might be made more difficult by nurses’ collective denial that they have any difficulties speaking up.
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Compton, Sharla Elizabeth. "The Effects of Long-Term Physical Activity on Food Attention Allocation in College Freshmen Women." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4238.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of long-term (24 weeks) physical activity on attention allocated toward food in college freshmen women. Methods: Seventy-nine freshmen college women wore a multi-function pedometer for 24 weeks after being randomly assigned to a daily step level: 10,000; 12,500; or 15,000. After at least 16 weeks of intervention, participants were given a cognitive viewing task (pictures of food and flowers) with the neural response measured using electroencephalogram (EEG) and event-related potentials (ERPs). P300s and LPPs are components of the ERP indicating increased attention to stimuli. Results: There was a significant difference in daily step counts between groups. No interaction between step group and picture condition (food vs. flowers) was found for any of the three ERP (event-related potential) variables (P300 amplitude, P300 latency, LPP amplitude). The 12,500 group showed a significantly elevated response in comparison to the other groups for both food and flowers (F=8.84; P=0.0002). Additionally, subjective rating of hunger was significantly lower in the 15,000 step group (F=4.72; P=0.0030). Conclusion: It appears that long-term increases in physical activity are capable of reducing neural orientation toward hedonic food cues as well as subjective hunger ratings. In addition to increasing energy expenditure, increases in long-term physical activity may also influence the physiological drive to consume food.
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Löthman, Anna, and Malin Liljeblad. "Committed to Exercise : A qualitative study on the persuasive effect and potential of a gym’s online booking system." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-106818.
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While physical activity has many important benefits on our health and well-being, many people find it hard to establish and maintain long-lasting exercise routines. Technology can be an effective tool to combat this issue by increasing users’ motivation to exercise and encouraging them to make healthier choices. In this qualitative study, we explored the persuasive effect and potential of an online booking system (OBS) implemented in a gym in the South West of United Kingdom to limit the amount of people in the facilities during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of our research was to examine gym members’ experiences of the system, how it had impacted their motivation to exercise, and to explore how their experiences could be used in a digital system aiming to promote regular gym-use and long-lasting exercise routines. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, carried out with five gym members. The results demonstrate that all informants had ambivalent feelings towards the OBS, with both positive and negative attitudes towards the system. Three key findings were identified. First, the system forced the users to adapt their exercise routines and daily activities in general to its new constraints which, in some instances, reduced their motivation to exercise. Second, the activity of booking and scheduling gym sessions gave the users a sense of commitment and determination, which increased their motivation to adhere to their planned exercise regime. Third, the users experienced the increased familiarity in the gym as a positive outcome of the OBS. Based on the empirical findings, we proposed a set of recommended features and three key components which can be beneficial to include in a digital system aiming to increase gym user’s motivation to exercise, and that could come of use to designers developing interactive systems for gym settings.
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Bergman, Martin. "The evolution of territoriality in butterflies." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Zoologiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-54668.
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Competition over mating opportunities is a conspicuous characteristic of animal behaviour. In many butterfly species the males establish territories in places advantageous for encountering females. This thesis addresses questions about how territoriality has evolved and is maintained in butterflies. The studies have been conducted using the speckled wood butterfly, Pararge aegeria, as a model species. Males of P. aegeria are found in sunspots on the forest floor (paper I-V), on the lookout for females visiting the sunspots. However, males are only found in sunspots above a certain size (paper III). This behavior is maintained by a mating success advantage, where using large sunspots instead of small sunspots as perching areas generates a higher reproductive output (paper I). The mating success asymmetry is not explained by female choice or by a female preference for large sunspots per se (paper I, V), but rather the large sunspot facilitates visual performance of perching males and improves flight pursuit and interception of females (paper III). Winners of territorial contests gain sole ownership of large sunspot territories, while losers search for a new suitable sunspot territory (paper I, II & IV) or use smaller, suboptimal sunspots as perching sites (paper II). Territorial contests between P. aegeria males are not settled due to an obvious morphological/physiological asymmetry (paper I). Rather, variation in resource value and motivational asymmetries are important for settling contests (paper IV). A majority of male-female interactions (paper V) and matings (paper I) are initiated by a perching male detecting and intercepting a flying female. Furthermore, females can affect their chances of being detected by a perching male by behaving more conspicuously (paper V). This thesis highlights the role of female behaviour, variation in resource value and motivation asymmetries to understand the evolution of territoriality in butterflies.
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Stevens, P. A. "An investigation into the categorisation of organisations to understand the potential barriers and motivations to certification of an environmental management system, BS EN ISO14001:2004." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8016.
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An investigation has been undertaken to ascertain the extent of the existing knowledge base regarding publically voluntary instruments capable of supporting organisations in developing improvements in environmental management. The multifaceted nature of the organisations seeking certification mean a generic approach to implementation is unlikely to deliver the desired after results or a resource efficient approach. Furthermore, the diversity of opinions recorded in the literature is often based on anecdotal evidence and small scale research projects. There is a lack of verifiable knowledge and understanding of the difficulties and barriers experienced by organisations attempting to secure certification for existing voluntary instruments for environmental management such as ISO 14001. The aim of the Research: ISO 14001 is the fastest growing of the ISO Standards related to Environmental Management Systems; however existing research has been small scale and anecdotal. This research aims to confirm or dispute the present discussions and assumptions surrounding the motivations and barriers to certification to ISO 14001. Through deductive reasoning this research will provide a comprehensive investigation into the barriers and motivations experienced in its implementation. It is proposed that more comprehensive opportunities for organisational categorisation may also be defined. The focus of the research has been to consider: · The potential for integration of these voluntary instruments. · The effects of the detailed requirements of the standard ISO 14001 on its certification and implementation processes. · The perceived and actual barriers to implementation · The opportunities to categorise participating organisations accordingly. An analysis of instruments available to support organisations in improving their environmental management has been undertaken. A complex and diverse array of instruments have been reviewed beyond the most regularly discussed ISO 14001. Considerable overlaps were identified in the requirements of the various instruments, suggesting opportunities for integration and resource efficiencies in implementation which have not previously been investigated. A detailed review of the certification processes of over 850 organisations certified to ISO 14001 was undertaken. This highlighted patterns in the barriers to implementation that have not previously been observed and which, in some cases, contradict existing literature. It has been shown that existing categorisation of originations was often only on the basis of whether an organisation was an SME or NON SME. However, it was proposed that this method lacked discrimination, with SME encompassing 99.8% of private sector businesses in the UK. This research has elicited significant motivations and barriers to EMS implementation and used these to provide an objective basis to categorise organisations. The outcome of this research has been: · A novel assessment of integration opportunities for 13 instruments. · An objective review of the certification and implementation processes for ISO 14001. · The development of taxonomies that encompasses multiple criteria that exhibit significant variability that could provide a method of classification for organisations.
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Lecomte, Isabelle. "Hur ser lärare på integreringen av autentiskt material i franskundervisningen på gymnasiet? Kan autentiskt material vara en potentiell motivationsfaktor?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-30465.
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Gélinas-Lamy, Sylvie. "Description d'incidents disciplinaires vécus par des stagiaires et influence du degré de motivation potentiel des tâches d'apprentissage sur l'apparition de comportements perturbateurs d'élèves en éducation physique." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1996. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5119/1/000626126.pdf.
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Al-Shumaimeri, Yousif A. N. "A study of classroom exposure to oral pedagogic tasks in relation to the motivation and performance of Saudi secondary school learners of English in a context of potential curriculum reform." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396558.
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Gretz, Peter Michael. "An Analysis of the Discrepancy Between What Potential Candidates for the Principalship Desire in the Job of Principal and What They Perceive to be Provided by the Job and the Extent to Which That Discrepancy Predicts the Attractiveness of the Principalship." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77357.
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The attractiveness of the principalship is a variable that may help explain why candidates do and do not pursue principal positions. This study sought to determine if a discrepancy exists between what potential principal candidates desire and what they believe to be true about the attributes of the job of principal, and if that discrepancy can predict the attractiveness of the principalship to prospective candidates. A researcher-developed instrument was administered to teachers who are currently enrolled in four principal preparation programs in Virginia. Survey items were related to the domains that explain the attractiveness of the principalship. An overall attractiveness score was measured using a Thurstone Scale of Equal Appearing Intervals. A demographic section was included to collect background information.
Overall, respondents rated the principalship as somewhat attractive. The regression found that there were five predictors of the attractiveness of the principalship. School location and number of years in education, both demographic factors, were the most significant predictors. Discrepancies in what candidates desired and believed to be provided regarding recognition of achievement, the ability to form relationships, and opportunities for professional growth followed as significant predictors of job attractiveness.Ed. D.
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Gee, David. "The effects of weaponry and mating experience on the level and outcome of agonistic interactions in male field crickets, Gryllus bimaculatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)." Thesis, University of Derby, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10545/623533.
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A wide variety of factors are predicted to influence the intensity and outcome of agonistic interactions in animals, including the resource holding potential of the opponents and the nature and value of the resource over which the individuals are competing. Field crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) have been used extensively as model organisms with which to study animal contests, but relatively few studies have examined the effect of mandible size or structure, or the level of contact with females on the intensity and outcome of agonistic interactions. To do so was the aim of the present thesis, using Gryllus bimaculatus as the study species. The first finding of this study was that there is a significant degree of sexual dimorphism for anterior components of the anatomy in G. bimaculatus. The mandibles, head and pronotum of male crickets were all relatively larger than those of females. This indicates that these traits may be acted upon by intrasexual selection. In many animal species that show sexual dimorphism, a trade-off in development sees enhanced weapon growth at the expense of testes size, but no such relationship was seen in this species. A comparison of the mandible structure of males that either won or lost at flaring and or wrestling showed that a relatively wider mandible span was a significant predictor of success during mandible displays. It was also found that specific components of tooth structure, namely the length of the incisor and length to distal tip, were significantly associated with victory at the jaw flaring stage. This is the first time that mandible shape has been shown to affect fight outcome in the Gryllidae, and also the first confirmed identification of a visual cue component of fighting behaviour. Despite the effectiveness of their weapons in fighting, body mass is a primary predictor of victory in combat between G. bimaculatus males, with the greater the degree of asymmetry in weight the more likely the heavier fighter will win. However, a study of fighting behaviour between asymmetrically matched opponents found that even males who were out-weighed by 40% were still likely to escalate the fight to grappling. Furthermore, males who were able to fend off their larger opponent in their first clash were significantly more likely to win their overall encounter. This hyper-aggressive response may therefore represent an adaptive mechanism to extreme odds and is worthy of further study. Female contact is known to be a significant promoter of male aggression and fighting enthusiasm, and mate guarding aggression is well documented in G. bimaculatus. A recreation of two contradictory studies, including one which concluded that mating makes males lose fights, highlighted that female contact after spermatophore transfer can overcome the loser effect and cause a male to re-engage with a previously dominant opponent. Fighting behaviour in this species is therefore highly flexible and factors affecting the outcome of contests are complex. There is much scope for further studies on this topic.
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Harrå, Sofia, and Gazmuri Carla Adriasola. "En potentiell väg till chefsrollen : - En studie om hur lärande möjliggörs för deltagare inom ett program för potentiella chefer." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-313214.
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Studien ämnar skapa förståelse om hur lärande möjliggörs för tidigare deltagare inom ett program för potentiella chefer. För att undersöka syftet definierades tre frågeställningar: “Hur beskriver deltagarna den lärmiljö programmet utgör?”, “Vilka konsekvenser uppges denna miljö generera till?” och “Hur kan dessa konsekvenser förstås, beskrivas och analyseras i termer av drivkrafter för lärande?”. I studien genomfördes sju semi-strukturerade intervjuer med tidigare deltagare från utbildningsprogrammet på Försäkringskassan och därmed studerades deltagarnas upplevelser av hur lärande möjliggörs inom programmet. Materialet analyserades utifrån ett kontextuellt perspektiv på lärande samt drivkrafter för lärande. Ur materialet framkom fyra övergripande teman: Förväntningar, Programmets innehåll, Riktlinjer och Bekräftelse, vilka speglar hur lärande möjliggörs för programmets deltagare. Det framkom i resultatet att programmet var av varierande behållning för deltagarna. Resultatet visade även att studiens teman är väl sammankopplade till varandra och visar hur lärande kan möjliggöras inom programmets lärmiljö.The study aims to create an understanding of how learning is enabled for former participants in a program for potential managers. In order to investigate this purpose, three questions were formed: “How do the participants describe the learning environment of the program?”, “Which consequences can this environment generate to?” and “How can these consequences, be understood, described and analysed in terms of motivations of learning?”. The study was carried of seven semi-structured interviews with former participants of the training program at Försäkringskassan and the participants’ experience of how learning is enabled within the program was studied. The material was analysed from a contextual perspective of learning and motivations for learning. From the material it appeared four main themes: Expectations, Program contents, Guidelines, Confirmation, which reflects how learning is enabled for the participants of the program. Results showed that the benefits in the program varied amongst the participants. The results also showed that the themes in the study are well related to each other and is showing how learning can be enabled within learning environment of the program.
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Pecháčková, Marcela. "Talent Management v organizaci." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199074.
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This master thesis focuses on actual topic of talent management. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretic and practical one. The first one covers basic terms of talent management, evaluation, development and motivation, career management and retention of talented employees within company. In order to obtain necessary information secondary data were used. In second part there is an analysis of current state of human resources management in the company. The analysis is based on empiric research which consists of interviews with concerned people in company management and investigation of internal methodical materials. As a next step there is an analysis of employee's satisfaction which was realised through questionnaires. Thank to those data I suggested possible corrective measures to improve level of particular activities of human resources management in order to set up talent management, which is the main goal of my thesis. Based on previous findings and recommendations I also suggested complex solution of talent management's set-up in the company. Final part sums up results and recommendations for the company.
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Bovermann, Klaudia Verfasser], Theo [Akademischer Betreuer] Bastiaens, Theo [Gutachter] Bastiaens, and Claudia de [Gutachter] [Witt. "Potentials and limits of gamification in distance education to foster students' motivation : An empirical work using quantitative and qualitative analysis to expand the literature / Klaudia Bovermann ; Gutachter: Theo Bastiaens, Claudia de Witt ; Betreuer: Theo Bastiaens." Hagen : FernUniversität in Hagen, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1225557143/34.
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Griffith, Moumita. "Inspiring children and teenagers to pursue science and technology : A study in methods, activities, and toys that could potentially make technology and science interesting to children and teenagers." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för maskinteknik (MT), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-75896.
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This is a study in what motivates children and teenagers to pursue science and technology as future career choices. The subject is of relevance due to the increasing dependency on technology and the decline in engineering applications. Due to children and teenagers being the most susceptible targets for learning, they are the focal point in this study. The aim of this study is to identify what can create an interest in science and technology as well as to study to what extent a toy, game, or physical object can inspire children and teenagers (for product development purposes). The main research method in this study is a survey that has been filled in by 184 engineers. In addition to this, other research methods include interviews and a literature review. A majority of the respondents are from IKEA as this study has been conducted in collaboration with them. However, the result is intended to be used on a general level as the research questions are: ‘What can be used to create an interest in science and technology among children and teenagers?’ and ‘To what extent can a toy, game, or any other physical object inspire children and teenagers to pursue careers within the fields of science and technology while being gender neutral?’. Through analysing the collected data, it is evident that inspirational objects, inspirational people, and blended learning can be used to create an interest in these subjects. Furthermore, toys, games, and other physical objects can create an interest, however, the extent is decided based on how satisfied the child or teenager feels by interacting with the object.
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Bakker, Sarah C. "BYU Students' Beliefs About Language Learning and Communicative Language Teaching Activities." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2007. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1230.
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Learner beliefs, which contribute to attitude and motivation, may affect language learning. It is therefore valuable to investigate the malleability of learner beliefs, and to determine whether potentially detrimental beliefs can be ameliorated. This study examines how instruction of the principles of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) affects students' beliefs about classroom activities and their beliefs about language learning in general. The 68 first-year German students at Brigham Young University who participated in this study were asked to rate the effectiveness of three activities typical of communicative language teaching: Dialogue activities, Peer Interview activities, and Information-gap activities. They were also asked to respond to 11 statements about language learning, seven of which were taken from the Beliefs About Language Learning Inventory(Horwitz, 1988). Students responded to the survey three times: once during the first week of the semester, again during the fourth week, and again during the eighth week. During the four weeks between the second and third surveys, students in the experimental group received seven treatment lessons based on some of the basic principles of SLA. A Repeated Measures ANCOVA and a Logistical Regression were used to determine the effects of the treatment, time, and a number of demographic variables. Results of this study show that the treatment did not have a significant effect on any of the beliefs that were measured. However, one language learning belief was significantly affected by time. A majority of the students who participated in this study agreed with the statement, “The instructor should teach the class in German.” After three weeks of class instruction, however, they agreed with this statement significantly stronger. The results of this study also show that many of the demographic variables, such as gender and previous language learning experience, had a significant effect on a number of the students' beliefs.
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Fernandez, Gabriela 1981. "Motivating potential of performance management systems in matrix organizations." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-12-2354.
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The main purpose of this report is to identify and describe the type of behaviors that should be promoted in a matrix organization. This report shows how the performance management system is a very important tool in promoting these behaviors. The report starts with an introduction to the relationship between the success of a matrix structure and the appropriate performance management system followed by the definition of important concepts in this topic. Next, the report provides general recommendations to the leaders of matrix organizations with respect their performance management system. Finally, a case study of a company with this type of structure is analyzed.text
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Schneider, Claudia Regina. "Motivating Prosocial Behavior: The Potential of Positive Self-Directed Emotions." Thesis, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7916/D84J1XJH.
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Faced with global challenges, like environmental degradation, poverty, social injustice, and discrimination against marginalized societal groups, it is important to develop strategies that promote concern for the well-being of others and encourage prosocial action. Engaging in prosocial behaviors can contribute to positive social change through reducing discrimination, improving the situation and well-being of those in need, and fostering more sustainable personal lifestyles. One important factor that limits human prosociality is our ‘finite pool of worry’, the fact that humans have only finite resources, physiologically, cognitively, and socially (Linville & Fischer, 1991; Weber, 2006). Effortful and costly prosociality (Dovidio, 1984; Gneezy, Imas, Brown, Nelson, & Norton, 2012; Rand, Greene, & Nowak, 2012; Rand & Nowak, 2013; Simpson & Willer, 2008), especially towards distant and unknown others, stigmatized groups, or the natural environment, may not receive preference in the allocation of resources over self-related goals and the fulfillment of crucial personal needs. One of the most fundamental human needs is establishing and maintaining a positive self-image (Epstein, 1973; Heine, Lehman, Markus, & Kitayama, 1999; Leary, Tambor, Terdal, & Downs, 1995). This dissertation investigates two strategies for motivating prosocial behavior that leverage this need for a positive self-image and the fact that humans are motivated to fulfill it. Paper I explores anticipated emotions in the context of pro-environmental decision making. It assess the effects of inducing people to consider their future feelings with a certain decision they are about to take. Results show that inducing people to anticipate pride from prosocial action versus guilt from inaction is relatively more effective at instilling pro-environmental motivation. Furthermore, exploratory findings point toward potential reactance to attempts to solicit prosocial behavior by prompting anticipated guilt. Papers II and III explore the potential of a values affirmation intervention to motivate prosocial behavior. Starting from self-affirmation theory (Steele, 1988), paper II hypothesizes that the act of affirming one’s values may increase positive self-directed emotions (‘positive self-regard’) which can translate into downstream prosociality. It proposes a potential explanation for this effect, such that a heightened positive sense of self, stemming from engaging in the affirmation intervention, may reduce worry about the self, thus freeing up cognitive and emotional resources to engage in behaviors directed towards others. Results show that a values affirmation intervention can successfully promote prosocial behavior towards unknown and distant others in the form of volunteering time and donating real money to charity. As hypothesized, positive self-regard mediates the effect of the affirmation intervention on prosociality. Paper III extends the scope of the work to situations in which the beneficiaries of the prosocial action are members of marginalized and stigmatized societal groups, such as ex-prisoners. It tests the generalizability of the hypothesized affirmation effects in two countries, Nigeria and the United States. Results show that engaging members of the public in a values affirmation intervention can reduce discriminatory tendencies and promote prosociality towards ex-prisoners in both countries under investigation. Implications and recommendations for policy and practice are discussed in each paper. This dissertation is of high theoretical as well as applied relevance and makes important contributions to scholarship and practice. It contributes to the advancement of psychological theory as well as its application potential to help foster social change in an endeavor to address some of the most pressing and challenging social issues nations around the world face.
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Veneri, Janice M. "An investigation of differences in motivators of information systems and non-information systems personnel and in the motivating potential of jobs in the information systems and non-information systems fields." Thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23057.
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Djikic, Maja. "Investigating art's transformative potential : motivations and mechanisms." 2005. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=371042&T=F.
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