Dissertations / Theses: 'Motivation autonomes'

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Frezza-Buet, Hervé. "Un modèle de cortex pour le comportement motivé d'un agent neuromimétique autonome." Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN10246.

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Nous proposons une approche du problème de contrôle d'un agent autonome fondée sur une architecture connexionniste et inspirée de données biologiques concernant le cortex cérébral. L'ensemble du comportement du robot est géré par un réseau, dont les unités sont des automates complexes, modélisant les maxicolonnes corticales et effectuant des traitements plus élaborés que le neurone formel classique. Nous insistons sur la nécessité de modéliser le rôle de notions comme la motivation et la récompense dans l'élaboration du comportement du robot. Cette prise en compte suppose la capacité de construire des représentations au niveau du réseau qui soient utilisables par le robot pour tirer profit de son environnement. Ces représentations se fondent principalement sur la capacité d'apprendre des corrélations temporelles ainsi que sur la gestion de séquences perceptivo-motrices au niveau de l'architecture corticale. Cet apprentissage est non supervisé, il a lieu en permanence, et les relations apprises sont exploitées au fur et à mesure de leur élaboration au sein du réseau. [. . . ]

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Ingnäs, Gustav, and Kasper Heikkilä. "Motivating Millennials : A study on generation Y motivation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-243213.

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This thesis explores generation Y motivators. They are a growing group of young people among the general workforce, and they have different behavior and motivators at work. This paper explores effective motivating factors for this group of employees by studying a company, LinkedIn, which successfully motivates generation Y employees. Data is gathered through several interviews done with LinkedIn employees working at their Dublin office. The data is analyzed with the help of a motivational theory called self-determination theory and its main concepts autonomy, relatedness and competence. Other insights from earlier studies done on generation Y motivation are used to support the analysis as well. The results and analysis are consistent with theory and earlier studies, and can even show some interesting factors generation Y employees value, such as high value for manager flexibility and sharing similar values with the company they work for.

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Santos, Marta Sofia Vitorino. "Relação entre a motivação intrínseca para a Matemática e o suporte do professor, desempenho académico, género e ano de escolaridade." Master's thesis, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/2312.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Educacional
No presente estudo tivemos como objetivos analisar as relações entre a motivação para a Matemática e a perceção que os alunos têm do suporte à autonomia dado pelos seus professores, assim como analisar a relação entre a motivação para a Matemática e o ano de escolaridade, desempenho académico e o género dos alunos. Participaram neste estudo 179 alunos que frequentavam o 6º e 9º ano de escolaridade de uma escola pública de Lisboa. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a escala “Eu e a Matemática” (IMI) e o “Suporte do professor em sala de aula” (LCQ). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os alunos atribuem valor e utilidade à Matemática mas não se percecionam como muito competentes nesta disciplina. A motivação para a Matemática e o suporte à autonomia apresentou uma relação positiva, significativa e moderada, excetuando a dimensão Escolha Percebida que apresentou um valor correlacional baixa. O suporte à autonomia dado pelo professor está relacionado com a motivação dos alunos. Constatou-se que os alunos que apresentavam melhores níveis de desempenho académico demonstraram níveis de motivação intrínseca para a Matemática superiores. Verificou-se também que os níveis de motivação intrínseca para a Matemática diminuem com o aumento do ano de escolaridade. Quanto ao género, em todas as dimensões avaliadas, os rapazes apresentaram níveis de motivação intrínseca para a Matemática mais elevados que as raparigas. ------- ABSTRACT ------- The present study’s objectives were to analyze the relation between motivation in Mathmatics and the perception that students have of autonomy support given by their teachers, as well as to analyze the relation between motivation in Mathematics and grades, academic performance and students’ gender. The sample had 179 students who attended the 6th and 9th grade at a public school in Lisbon. The instruments used were the scale "Me and Mathematics" (IMI) and "Teacher’s support in the classroom" (LCQ). The results showed that students attribute value and utility to Mathematics but don’t perceive themselves as very competent in this subject. Motivation in Mathematics and autonomy support had a positive, significant and moderate correlation, except in Perceived Choice that had a low correlation value. The autonomy support given by the teacher is related to student motivation. It was found that students who had higher levels of academic performance showed higher levels of intrinsic motivation in Mathematics. It was also found that intrinsic motivation levels for Mathematics decreases with the increase of the school year. As to gender, in all dimensions evaluated, boys had higher levels of intrinsic motivation for Mathematics higher than girls.

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Gottstein, Raphaël. "Système délibératif d'un robot autonome : planification probabiliste hiérarchique basée sur des motivations et prise en compte de ressources." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066412/document.

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Si les travaux menés dans le domaine des sciences de la décision ont permis de résoudre des problèmes variés, la capacité pour un agent à être autonome dans le choix de ses objectifs reste un problème difficile à traiter. Cette capacité est pourtant indispensable à l'autonomie dans son environnement pour un agent. Cette thèse a pour objectif de permettre à un robot de planifier ses actions pour de multiples objectifs contradictoires, dans un environement probabiliste et avec des ressources. La première contribution de ce travail est la proposition d'un nouveau modèle pour les objectifs, la motivation, constitué à partir d'un automate. Celui-ci décrit l'évolution de chaque objectif à l'aide d'états et de transitions correspondant à la réalisation de tâches, et définit les gains de récompenses. La deuxième contribution concerne une méthode de planification utilisant les motivations. Cette méthode est hiérarchique, proposant de résoudre la réalisation des tâches déterminantes pour les motivations dans un premier temps. En exploitant le contexte spécifique de chaque tâche, nous pouvons calculer rapidement leur politique et calculer leur modèle d'exécution, que nous appelons macro-action. Nous utilisons ensuite ces macro-actions dans un processus de planification local de haut-niveau, permettant de retourner un plan conditionnel des macro-actions à exécuter, que nous appelons agenda des macro-actions. Pour résoudre un problème dans sa longueur, nous proposons d'incluer ce système de planification dans une architecture délibérative qui permettra de contrôler l'exécution des agenda et d'en produire de nouveaux
If the litterature of decision-making has addressed a variety of problems, the ability to make an agent autonomous in the choice of its goals remains a difficult issue to address. This capacity is nevertheless essential for an agent in order to be automous in its environment. This thesis aims at allowing a robot to plan its own actions for multiple concurrent objectives, in a probabilistic environment and with resources. The first contribution of this work is the proposal of a new model for the objectives, the motivations, constituted from an automaton. Motivations describe the evolution of each objective using states and transitions corresponding to the realisation of tasks, and define the reward gains. The second contribution concerns a planning method that makes use the motivations. This method is hierarchical and proposes at first to solve the realisation of the tasks that are relevant for the motivations. By exploiting the specific context of each task, we can quickly compute their policy and calculate their execution model, which we call macro-action. We then use these macro-actions in a high-level local planning process, allowing us to return a conditional plan of the macro-actions to be executed, which we call macro-actions agenda. To solve a problem over time, we propose to include this planning system in a deliberative architecture that will control the execution of the agenda and produce new ones

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Kirchhoff, Tobias, and Eddie Riffo. "Hierarki eller autonomi, hur yttrar sig motivationen? : En jämförelse av motivation hos ledare och självstyrda." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-41631.

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Denna studie kombinerar enkätundersökning med kvalitativa intervjuer i syftet att identifiera och jämföra motivationsfaktorer för eget ledarskap i självstyrande organisationer kontra formella ledare. I studien ingår åtta respondenter från en självstyrande organisation och för att identifiera vilka drivkrafter och psykologiska behov dessa besitter genomfördes en enkätundersökning. Underlaget för studien baserar sig på MyNeeds, ett analysverktyg utvecklat från Self-Determination Theory. Utifrån denna teori har de identifierat sex psykologiska behov som ofta är omedvetna och genom verktyget kan mätas på individnivå. Analysresultatet från studien har därefter jämförts med data från en kontrollgrupp som tagits fram vid Malmö Universitet genom det samarbete som finns med MyNeeds. I syfte att närmare undersöka hur respondenterna själva ser på sitt ledarskap i en självstyrande organisation och vad de motiveras utav i sin befattning, genomfördes semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultat av studien visar att det finns skillnader i hur drivkrafterna fördelar sig i jämförelse mellan respondenter och kontrollgrupp, studiens deltagare hade större benägenhet att drivas av ett behov av samhörighet än de formella ledarna som ingick i studiens jämförelseunderlag.

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Munroe, Steve. "Motivation and autonomy for pre-negotiation." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422987.

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Heilman, Mark A. "Relationship Between Autonomous Motivation and Ego-Depletion." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2213.

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Previous research has shown that exerting self-control on a demanding task can impair performance on a subsequent demanding self-control task. This phenomenon is known as ego-depletion; however, its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Notable gaps in the literature exist regarding whether participants’ motivation levels can attenuate the depletion effect, and whether trait self-control is related. Drawing from the process model of depletion and the self-determination theory, the goal of the study was to examine whether motivational incentives in the form of autonomy can impact performance on tasks in an ego-depleted state, and the potential relationship of trait self-control. Amazon Mechanical Turk was utilized to conduct this experimental quantitative study with a 2 (ego-depletion: yes or no) x 2 (autonomous reward motivation: incentivized or nonincentivized) between-subjects factorial design. The effects of an autonomous motivational incentive were compared with the effects of no incentive on a convenience sample of online participants (N = 211), half of whom performed a task designed to be depleting of self-control resources, and half of whom performed a non-depleting task instead. Multivariate ANCOVAs showed no significant differences for performance on a subsequent self-control task for any of the experimental groups, and no co-variance of trait self-control was found (as measured by the Brief Self-Control Scale). This study will contribute to social change by increasing understanding of the factors contributing to self-control. This knowledge will be useful to anyone intending to strengthen their own willpower and achieve their goals, and may enable practitioners to better assist clients struggling with addictions and other maladaptive behaviors.

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Sjögren, Fazad. "Transformellt ledarskap och autonom motivation- Finns det ett samband och medieras detta samband av behoven autonomi, relaterande och kompetens?" Thesis, Umeå University, Department of Psychology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-35314.

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Denna studie undersökte om det fanns ett positivt samband mellan transformellt ledarskap och autonom motivation samt medierande effekter på, autonomi, relaterande och kompetens (Deci & Gagné, 2005). 104 personer har deltagit i studien, 54 kommer från en kyrka i Norra Sverige och 49 kommer från ett försäkringsbolag. 67 (64.4 %) av deltagarna är män och 37 (35.6 %) kvinnor. Det transformella ledarskapet mättes genom instrumentet (TLI) Transformellt Ledarskaps Inventorium (Tjärnberg, 2007). Den autonoma motivationen mättes genom en anpassad variant av (SRQ) Self Regulation Questionnare (Ryan & Connell, 1989). De medierande behoven mättes genom en version av (BPNS) Basic Psychological Needs Scales. För att undersöka det positiva sambandet mellan transformellt ledarskap och autonom motivation gjordes först en korrelationsmatris mellan samtliga variabler, därefter gjordes en multipel regressionsanalys enligt Baron & Kenny´s (1986) fyrstegs modell för att testa mediation. Av resultaten framkom det att det råder en svag positiv korrelation mellan transformellt ledarskap och autonom motivation. Vidare framkom att enbart behovet autonomi fullt ut medierar relationen mellan transformellt ledarskap och autonom motivation.

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Kjellebäck, Sara. "Elevers mindset i matematik : En studie om undervisningsmetoder för att utveckla elevers mindset i matematik i årskurs 4-6." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78851.

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Elevers mindset har en stor roll i hur elever tar till sig ny kunskap och utvecklas i skolan. Detta är något som ställer till det för lärare och deras roll som utbildare. Syftet med studien är att undersöka om lärare anser att elever har olika mindset och hur det kan ge sig till uttryck. Vidare är syftet att ta reda på om lärarna upplever att olika arbetsmetoder är effektiva för att utveckla elevers mindset. Undersökningen genomfördes med hjälp av den kvalitativa metoden intervju där 10 matematiklärare intervjuades. Den insamlade data analyserades med hjälp av self-determination theory, self-efficacy theory och målorienteringsteorin vilka alla är motivationsteorier. Resultatet visar att många lärare arbetar med de metoder som anses framgångsrika vilka är feedback eller återkoppling, grupparbete, EPA-modellen och autonomi, de försöker även ta hjälp av föräldrar vilket även det ses som en framgångsfaktor. Resultatet visar även att det är svår att nå de elever som inte tror att de kan och låser sig men att de eleverna med detta mindset, statiskt, inte är så många. Studien har öppnat ögonen för många lärare som har ökat sin förståelse för de eleverna med ett statiskt mindset och att de eleverna behöver ytterligare stöd.
The student mindset plays a major role in how students acquire new knowledge and develop in school. This is something that complicates things for teachers and their role as educators. The purpose of the study is to investigate whether teachers believe that students have different mindsets and how it can be expressed. Furthermore, the purpose is to find out if teachers feel that different working methods are effective in developing students' mindset. The survey was conducted using the qualitative method interview in which 10 mathematics teachers were interviewed. The data collected were analyzed using self-determination theory, self-efficacy theory and goal orientation theory which are all motivation theories. The result shows that many teachers work with the methods that are considered successful which are feedback, group work, the EPA model and autonomy. They also try to take help from parents which is also seen as a success factor. The result also shows that it is difficult to reach the students who do not think they can, but that the students with this mindset, statically, are not so many. The study has opened the eyes of many teachers who have increased their understanding of those students with a static mindset and that those students need additional support.

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Hildingsson, Malin. "Upplevda motivationsfaktorer hos damfotbollsspelare i samband med rehabilitering efter en idrottsskada." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för pedagogik, psykologi och idrottsvetenskap, PPI, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-26778.

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Vid rehabilitering efter en idrottsskada kan man se dålig följsamhet av rehabiliteringsträningen och en av de främsta orsakerna som påverkar hur rehabiliteringen efterföljs och utgången av den är idrottarens motivation. Här kan man se hur det framförallt är en autonom motivation som resulterar i att rehabiliteringsträningen utförs. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka upplevda motivationsfaktorer hos damfotbollsspelare i samband med rehabilitering efter en idrottsskada och i vilken utsträckning som dessa motivationsfaktorer sågs som autonoma. Metod: Kvalitativa intervjuer utifrån en semi-strukturerad intervjuguide med damfotbollsspelare som genomgår en rehabilitering efter en idrottsskada analyserade med innehållsanalys och utifrån självbestämmande teorin. Resultat: Motivationsfaktorerna som upplevdes var motiven till varför de utförde rehabiliteringsträningen, sina målsättningar, ett socialt stöd samt av en extern och intern press. Den upplevda autonomin varierade något men överlag var det en yttre motivation som drev dem varpå beteendet därmed inte var helt självbestämt. Resultat är tänkt att ge en ökad förståelse för damfotbollsspelarnas motivation i samband med deras rehabilitering så att sjukgymnaster, tränare m.fl. som är en del i rehabiliteringsprocessen kan bidra till att öka den autonoma motivationen och på så sätt förbättra följsamheten och utgången av rehabiliteringen.
When rehabilitating after a sports injury poor adherence of the rehabilitation program can be seen and one of the main causes that affects if the rehabilitation is followed and the outcome of it is the athlete’s motivation. Here you can see how it is primarily an autonomous motivation that results in a rehabilitation training that is performed. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the perceived motivations of female football players during rehabilitation after a sports injury and the extent to which these motivators were seen as autonomous. Method: Qualitative interviews based on a semi-structured interview guide with female football players undergoing rehabilitation after a sports injury analyzed with content analysis and the basis of the self-determination theory. Results: The players were motivated by the reasons to why they performed the rehabilitation, their goals, social support and an external and internal pressure. The perceived autonomy varied somewhat but overall it was an external motivation that drove them whereupon behavior therefore was not entirely self-determined. Results are supposed to provide a better understanding of women's football players' motivation in relation to their rehabilitation so physical therapists, coaches, etc. which is part of the rehabilitation process can contribute to increasing the autonomous motivation and thus improve compliance and outcome of rehabilitation.

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岡田, 涼., and Ryo OKADA. "内発的動機づけ研究の理論的統合と教師―生徒間の交互作用的視点." 名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10331.

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Bergstrand, Hans, and Mattias Svensson. "IT-konsulters organisationstillhörighet och hur den påverkar deras motivation." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22916.

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Problemområdet som uppsatsen belyser är sambandet mellan organisationstillhörighet och autonom motivation inom IT-konsultbranschen. Forskning om dessa områden har tidigare utförts främst var för sig, men har på senare år kopplats mer och mer samman. Dessutom har undersökningarna inom konsultbranschen enbart gjorts på bemanningsföretag. Utifrån sambandet och i förhållande till nuvarande teorier tas tre hypoteser fram och prövas. Metoden som använts i undersökningen är en enkätundersökning bestående av frågor angående organisationstillhörighet och motivation. Undersökningen genomfördes på två IT-konsultföretag i Skåne, Sverige, där 63 IT-konsulter medverkade. Detta material analyserades sedan utifrån de teorier som tagits upp. Resultatet visade att det finns ett positivt samband mellan IT-konsulternas upplevda organisationstillhörighet och autonom motivation, men att organisationstillhörighet inte är lika viktigt för externa IT-konsulter (arbetsplats på kundföretaget) som för interna IT-konsulter (arbetsplats på konsultföretaget). Resultatet bekräftar även att motivationen hos de interna IT-konsulterna var lägre än hos de externa IT-konsulterna. Vidare forskning behöver göras för att kunna öka förståelsen om sambandet mellan organisationstillhörighet och motivation inom IT-konsultbranschen; att ta in fler faktorer i sambandet, förslagsvis flexibilitet, och att undersöka vidare vilket av områdena som påverkar det andra.
The problem in focus in this thesis highlights the correlation between organizational commitment and autonomous motivation within the IT consulting business. Research within these areas has earlier mainly been conducted separated from each other, but recent research has aimed at merging the two areas together. In addition research within the consulting business has solely been made within temporary staffing agencies. Three hypotheses are developed and tested with a base in the correlation and the connection made with existing theories. The method used in the research was a survey consisting of questions regarding organizational commitment and autonomous motivation. The survey was conducted on two IT consulting firms in Skåne, Sweden, and a total of 63 IT consultants participated. The material was analyzed with regards to the existing theories. The results showed that there is a positive relationship between the IT consultants’ perceived organizational commitment and autonomous motivation, but that organizational commitment is not as important for external IT consultants (workplace at the client company) as for internal IT consultants (workplace at the consulting firm). The result also confirmed that the motivation of the internal IT consultants was lower than among the external IT consultants. Further research is needed to increase the knowledge regarding the correlation between organizational commitment and motivation within the IT consulting business; to include more factors in the correlation, flexibility as a suggestion, and to further research which area that affects the other area.

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Gonçalves, Geisa Colebrusco de Souza. "Motivação e autonomia dos estudantes de graduação em enfermagem à luz da teoria da autodeterminação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7140/tde-18092018-125132/.

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Introdução: Autonomia é tema recorrente na educação em enfermagem e referida como necessária para florescer a motivação intrínseca. Objetivos: avaliar as evidências de validade da Escala de Motivação Acadêmica EMA, identificar os tipos de motivação dos estudantes, identificar e comparar os tipos de motivação acadêmica em função das variáveis de caracterização da amostra; identificar e interpretar a concepção de autonomia, a escolha pela graduação em enfermagem e a permanência no curso relacionadas aos tipos de motivação. Método: pesquisa de método misto, quantitativa-qualitativa, explanatória sequencial, realizada em instituição de ensino de graduação em enfermagem, com 205 estudantes na etapa quantitativa, por meio da aplicação da Escala de Motivação Acadêmica, e com 31 estudantes na etapa qualitativa, por meio de entrevista individual. Resultados: Acerca da dimensionalidade da escala, os resultados indicaram a extração de três fatores/tipos de motivação: intrínseca, extrínseca e desmotivação. Na descrição dos tipos de motivação, os estudantes apresentaram maior média na motivação extrínseca comparada às médias de motivação intrínseca e desmotivação. Na comparação dos fatores/tipos de motivação com as características da amostra, diferenças significativas foram encontradas no fator desmotivação em função do ano corrente do curso, na satisfação em cursar a graduação e orientação dos elementos citados pelos estudantes para cursar a enfermagem. No fator/tipo motivação extrínseca, diferenças significativas foram encontradas na comparação com a idade. E em relação ao fator/tipo motivação intrínseca diferenças significativas foram encontradas na comparação com ter realizado curso preparatório para vestibular e ter cursado graduação anterior à enfermagem. Nas demais características, sexo, local onde cursou ensino médio, formação prévia em curso técnico, enfermagem como primeira opção e apoio familiar, não foram verificadas diferenças significativas em nenhum dos fatores/tipos de motivação. Os resultados da etapa qualitativa permitiram a construção de cinco categorias: Reflexões sobre o conceito de autonomia, como construção gradativa, como tomada de decisão e referida a partir da prática profissional; Reflexões sobre o exercício da autonomia, vivenciadas na ação prática do estudante, na relação estudante-docente e momentos de ausência de autonomia; Motivação para a escolha da graduação em enfermagem, motivação mais autônoma e motivação extrínseca; Motivação para permanecer na graduação em enfermagem, motivação autônoma, motivação ligada a elementos externos e desmotivação; Estratégias de ensino e autonomia do estudante relacionadas à postura do docente, estratégias que estimulam e as que não estimulam a autonomia do estudante, com construção de quadro comparativo sobre as percepções dos estudantes acerca das estratégias de ensino citadas. Conclusões: O estudo confirmou a estrutura da EMA a partir de três fatores, considerada alternativa parcimoniosa à sua versão original. O perfil dos estudantes é de motivado extrinsecamente e autodeterminado, com baixa média de desmotivação. Algumas diferenças estatísticas entre grupos encontradas demonstrou congruência com o postulado pela teoria. Os estudantes apresentaram concepção de autonomia por meio de experiências vivenciadas na graduação, seja na sua ocorrência positiva ou a partir da ausência de autonomia. A motivação para cursar e permanecer na graduação em enfermagem foi referida tanto acerca de formas mais autônomas como nas formas extrínsecas, além de desmotivação para permanecer no curso. Acerca do apoio à autonomia e estratégias de ensino, os estudantes referiram que a interferência maior se relacionou à postura do docente.
Introduction: Autonomy is a recurring theme in nursing education, being raised as essential for the intrinsic motivation. Objectives: to evaluate the validity of the Academic Motivation Scale (EMA), to identify the types of motivation from the students, to identify and compare the types of academic motivation in relation to the categorizing variables of the sample; Identify and interpret the conception of autonomy, the decision for a nursing undergraduate and the stability in the course related to the types of motivation. Methods: a mixed-method research, quantitative-qualitative, explanatory sequential, carried out in an undergraduate nursing teaching institution, with 205 students in the quantitative stage through the Academic Motivation Scale, and with 31 students in the qualitative stage through individual interviews. Results: Regarding the dimensionality of the scale, the results indicated the extraction of three factors/types of motivation: intrinsic, extrinsic and demotivation. In the description of the types of motivation, the students presented a higher average in the extrinsic motivation compared to the averages of intrinsic motivation and demotivation. In the comparison of factors/types of motivation and characteristics of the sample, significant differences were found in the demotivation factor in function of the current year of the course, in the satisfaction of attending the graduation and in orientation of the elements mentioned by the students to attend the nursing course. In the factor/type extrinsic motivation, significant differences were found when ages were compared. And in relation to the factor/type intrinsic motivation significant differences were found in the comparison of individuals who attended a preparatory course for university and individuals with a previous graduation course. In the other characteristics such as gender, place of high school attendance, previous training in technical course, nursing as a first option and family support, no significant differences were verified in any of the factors/types of motivation. The results of the qualitative step allowed the construction of five categories: Reflections on the concept of autonomy, as gradual construction, as decision making and referenced on the professional practice; Reflections on the exercise of autonomy, experienced in the student\'s practical settings, student-teacher relationship and moments of absence of autonomy; Motivation for selecting the nursing graduation course, autonomous motivation and extrinsic motivation; Motivation to remain in the nursing graduation course, autonomous motivation, motivation linked to external elements and demotivation; Education strategies and student autonomy related to the teacher\'s attitude, strategies that stimulate and those that do not stimulate the student\'s autonomy, with the construction of a comparative table around students\' perceptions about the teaching strategies named. Conclusions: The study confirmed the EMA structure based on three factors, considered a parsimonious alternative to its original version. The students\' profile is extrinsically motivated and self-determined, with a low average of demotivation. Some statistical differences between groups found to be congruent with theory. The students presented a conception of autonomy based on experiences undertaken in the course, either in its positive occurrence or from the absence of autonomy. The motivation to attend and the motivation to continue in the nursing graduation was referred as much about autonomous forms as in the extrinsic forms, besides the demotivation are related to remain in the course. Regarding support for autonomy and teaching strategies, students reported that the major interference was related to the teacher\'s support.

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Soyer, Roussillon Claude. "Rémunération fixe et rémunération variable, une approche différenciée et contextualisée de la motivation autonome par la théorie de l'autodétermination." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU10067.

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Cette recherche vise à évaluer l’influence de la rémunération fixe et de la rémunération variable sur la motivation autonome au travail. La recherche mobilise la théorie de l’autodétermination. Elle se compose de deux études distinctes basées sur deux échantillons de 147 puis de 137 salariés de la même coopérative viti-vinicole. La première étude a pour objectif de tester un modèle de recherche qui tente d’expliquer les effets du niveau de rémunération fixe sur la motivation autonome et la satisfaction au travail ainsi que sur un ensemble de comportements reliés. Les résultats supportent l’hypothèse que le support organisationnel perçu médiatise totalement la relation entre la rémunération fixe et la motivation autonome. Cette étude supporte également les hypothèses que la motivation autonome médiatise totalement la relation entre le soutien organisationnel perçu et l’engagement, puis que l’engagement médiatise totalement la relation entre la motivation autonome et la satisfaction au travail.La deuxième étude a pour objectif de tester un modèle de recherche qui tente d’expliquer les effets modérateurs des rémunérations variables sur la relation entre la motivation autonome et la performance au travail. Les effets modérateurs des rémunérations variables individuelles et collectives sont étudiés de façon différenciée sur différentes facettes de la performance : dans la tâche, contextuelle et adaptative. Les résultats de l’étude supportent l’hypothèse que la motivation autonome est positivement reliée à la performance dans la tâche, contextuelle et adaptative. Cette étude supporte également l’hypothèse que les primes individuelles modèrent positivement la relation entre la motivation autonome et les différentes facettes de la performance
This research aims to evaluate the influence of fixed and variable compensation on autonomous motivation at work. The research mobilizes the self-determination theory. It consists of two separate studies based on two samples of 147 and 137 employees of the same wine cooperative. The aim of the first study is to test a research model that attempts to explain the effects of the fixed compensation level on autonomous motivation and job satisfaction, as well as on a set of related behaviors. The results support the hypothesis that perceived organizational support fully mediates the relationship between fixed compensation and autonomous motivation. This study also supports the hypothesis that autonomous motivation fully mediates the relationship between perceived organizational support and engagement, and that engagement fully mediates the relationship between autonomous motivation and job satisfaction. The aim of the second study is to test a research model that attempts to explain the moderating effects of variable compensation on the relationship between autonomous motivation and performance at work. The moderating effects of individual and collective compensation are studied in a differentiated way. Similarly, task, contextual and adaptive performance is examined in a differentiated way. The results of the study support the hypothesis that autonomous motivation is positively related to, task, contextual and adaptive performance. This study also supports the hypothesis that individual compensation positively moderates the relationship between autonomous motivation and the different facets of performance

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Cortes, Maria de Fátima Cóias Faztudo. "Perfis de liderança em contexto escolar: delegação ou concentração de poder e seus reflexos motivacionais." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/10949.

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RESUMO: A cultura empresarial tornou-se extensível a outras áreas da sociedade, às escolas reconhecemos hoje uma dimensão empresarial da qual depende o sucesso educativo sendo-lhes, assim, exigidas novas competências e níveis de desempenho cada vez mais elevados, para além de uma gestão rigorosa e um funcionamento organizacional sustentado, moderno e assente em gestores atentos, informados e atualizados. A capacidade de inovação e de adaptação, são fonte real de competitividade, e o líder é um dos principais intervenientes desta mudança organizacional. Esta investigação pretende ampliar o conhecimento da relação existente entre chefias escolares e colaboradores, analisando a forma como a concentração ou a delegação de poder influenciam e / ou são fatores determinantes na (des)motivação, aferindo a dicotomia entre centralização e descentralização e a sua repercussão na governação, a caminho da autonomia educativa. Na investigação utilizou-se uma pesquisa de natureza descritiva, com recurso a uma investigação quantitativa e qualitativa; realizamos questionários aos docentes, não docentes, pais e alunos de ambos os agrupamentos escolares bem como entrevistas aos diretores dos mesmos. Podemos concluir que o líder escolar contribui fortemente para a motivação dos empregados; da sua direção apreendemos que existe um processo de influência caracterizado por um relacionamento recíproco entre líder e liderado, não necessariamente por um processo de domínio e poder, mas sim, através da cooperação e motivação dos membros; Profiles of Leadership in School Context Delegation or Concentration of Power ant Its Reflections on Motivation ABSTRACT: The corporate culture has become extended to other areas of society. Schools nowadays have achieved an entrepreneurial dimension upon which the educational success greatly depends on. Thus, they are required new skills with higher performance levels, besides a strict management and sustainable organizational functioning that is at the same time modern and based on attentive, well informed and updated managers. The capacity for innovation and adaptation are the real source of competitiveness, the leader being one of the main players of this organizational change. This research aims to enhance the knowledge of the relationship between school managers and employees, analyzing how the concentration or delegation of power influence and/or are determinant factors in (de)motivation, assessing the dichotomy between centralization and decentralization and its impact on management, leading towards educational autonomy. The methodology used was a case study, conducting a descriptive research, using a quantitative and qualitative research. We can conclude that the school leader contributes greatly to the motivation of employees; their direction apprehend that there is an influence process characterized by a reciprocal relationship between leader and follower, not necessarily by a process of domination and power, but through cooperation and motivation of members.

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Kilpatrick, Marcus Wayne. "Exercise motivation and self-determination : scale development /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Nylander, Peter, and Carl Andersson. "Motivation ur medarbetarnas perspektiv : En kvalitativ fallstudie om medarbetare och deras upplevda motivation till arbetet." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-36023.

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Innehavandet av motiverade medarbetare anses vara en organisatorisk framgångsfaktor. Enligt tidigare forskning är organisationer med motiverade medarbetare 30–40 procent mer produktiva än organisationer med omotiverade medarbetare. Motivationen anses även ha positiva effekter på medarbetarnas personliga utveckling, prestationer, arbetstillfredsställelse och välmående. Tidigare forskning som utgår ifrån Self-Determination Theory (SDT) redogör för att tre grundläggande psykologiska behov, autonomi, kompetens och samhörighet bidrar till en ökad arbetsmotivation. Det är även bevisat att yttre faktorer i sociala miljöer kan främja respektive hämma medarbetarnas arbetsmotivation, enligt SDT. Trots att tidigare forskning har påvisat att medarbetarnas motivation är betydande för organisationer, samt har positiva effekter för medarbetarnas utveckling, prestation, arbetstillfredsställelse och välmående finns det begränsad kvalitativ forskning som förklarar hur medarbetare motiveras. Forskarna för denna studie anser att resultaten från tidigare studier förklarar vad som bidrar till en ökad arbetsmotivation hos medarbetarna men ger inga utförliga förklaringar om vilka arbetsrelaterade faktorer medarbetarna upplever som motivationshöjande. Syftet med studien blir således att bidra med en ökad förståelse och kunskap om hur medarbetare motiveras av de psykologiska behoven av autonomi, kompetens och samhörighet samt hur yttre faktorer som organisatoriska värderingar och lön bidrar till en ökad eller minskad inre motivation. Forskarna har genomfört en kvalitativ fallstudie och har med hjälp av intervjuer besvarat studiens syfte och frågeställningar. Studiens resultat och slutsatser visar på hur medarbetarna kan motiveras utifrån de psykologiska behoven av autonomi, kompetens och samhörighet samt hur organisatoriska värderingar och erhållen lön bidrar till en ökad eller minskad inre arbetsmotivation.
To maintain motivated employees is considered an organizational success factor. According to previous research, organizations with motivated employees are 30-40 percent more productive than organizations with amotivated employees. Motivation is also considered to have positive effects on employees' personal development, performance, job satisfaction and well-being. Previous research based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT) explains that three basic psychological needs, autonomy, competence and relatedness contribute to increased work motivation. It is also proved that external factors in social environments can promote or inhibit employees' motivation, according to SDT. Although previous research has shown that employee motivation is significant for organizations, as well as having positive effects on employee development, performance, job satisfaction and prosperity, limited qualitative research explains how employees are motivated. The researchers for this study believe that the results of previous studies explain what contributes to an increased work motivation among employees but does not provide detailed explanations which work-related factors employees feel as motivating. The aim of the study is thus to contribute to increased understanding and knowledge of how employees are motivated by the psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness, and how external factors such as organizational values and wages contribute to increased or decreased internal motivation. The researchers have done a qualitative case study and with the help of interviews answered the purpose and research questions of the study. The results and conclusions of the study show how employees can be motivated based on the psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness, and how organizational values and wages are contributing to increased or decreased internal work motivation.

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Hjalmarsson, Minna. "Motivation & självkänsla inom ämnet matematik : En studie utifrån elevers perspektiv." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för matematik och datavetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78372.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate students’ self-esteem regarding the subject of mathematics and what affects their motivation in the subject. The applied method in this study is a survey that generated both quantitative and qualitative data. The basis of the survey and the analysis is the self-efficacy theory and the self-determination theory. The results of my study indicates that the students’ need for competence, togetherness and autonomy are not met to the degree that allows them to feel motivation in the subject of matematics. The result can also be interpreted as that students’ self-esteem is relatively low and in these cases has a negative impact on the students’ motivation in the subject. In order for us teachers to be able to further motivate students in the subject of matematics we have to ensure that these needs are fulfilled and that we help them to increase their self-esteem in the subject.
Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur elevers självkänsla ser ut i ämnet matematik och vad som kan påverka elevers motivation i samma ämne. Studiens undersökningsmetod är en enkät som genererat både kvanitativ- och kvalitativ data. Till grund för enkäten och dess analys ligger self-efficacy teorin och självbestämmandeteorin. Resultatet från min studie indikerar att elevers behov av kompetens, samhörighet och autonomi inte är uppfyllda till den grad som låter dem känna motivation i ämnet matematik. Resultatet kan också tolkas som att elevers självkänsla är relativt låg och påverkar i dessa fall elevers motivation negativt i ämnet. För att vi ska kunna få fler motiverade elever i ämnet matematik behöver vi lärare se till att dessa behov är uppfyllda hos eleverna och att vi hjälper dem att höja deras självkänsla i ämnet.

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Beer, Lynn. "The motivation and capability to job craft." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32485.

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Master of Science
Department of Psychological Sciences
Patrick A. Knight
For decades psychologists have studied ways in which organizations can redesign jobs to achieve improved performance and worker satisfaction. Recently there has been interest in job crafting, the process by which workers themselves change their jobs to achieve similar ends. This study examined the relationships between job crafting and (a) worker autonomy and (b) proactive personality. It was found that both autonomy and proactive personality were positively related to job crafting, with proactive personality being more strongly related to job crafting than was autonomy. Thus, the potential for both situational and individual characteristics to influence job crafting was found.

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Zitek, Martin. "Elevers motivation till idrott och hälsa." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-2550.

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Syfte och frågeställningar: Syftet med studien var att utifrån teoretiska antaganden om motivation inom Self-determination theory (SDT), undersöka elevers motivation till ämnet idrott och hälsa. Studien har följt en explorativ ansats utifrån frågeställningarna: i) Hur ser sambandet ut mellan typ av motivation hos eleverna för ämnet idrott och hälsa och deras självskattade grad av fysisk aktivitet utanför skoltiden? ii) Hur ser sambandet ut mellan elevernas typ av motivation till ämnet idrott och hälsa och deras uppskattning av föräldrarnas engagemang för ämnet idrott och hälsa? Metod: Deltagarna bestod av 147 gymnasieelever i årskurs ett och två, från en gymnasieskola söder om Stockholm. Eleverna besvarade en enkät i två delar. Den första delen innefattade items för att mäta typ av motivation. Den andra delen innefattade frågor kring elevernas vanor av fysisk aktivitet, samt frågor kring deras föräldrars engagemang för ämnet. Data har analyserats med korrelationsberäkningar, simultan multipel regressionsanalys samt multivariat variansanalys. Resultat: Svaga men signifikanta korrelationer påvisades mellan typ av motivation och elevernas grad av fysisk aktivitet vid sidan av skolan. Resultatet visade att elever som var fysiskt aktiva mer frekvent tenderade att även visa på mer autonom motivation för ämnet jämfört med elever som inte var fysiskt aktiva vid sidan av skolan. Mellan typ av motivation och föräldrarnas engagemang erhölls flera signifikanta samband. Ungefär 19 % förklarad varians återfanns i föräldrarnas engagemang, och 10 % förklarad varians återfanns i grad av fysisk aktivitet vid sidan av skolan och kan härledas till elevernas typ av motivation för ämnet. Slutsats: Studien indikerar att autonom motivation tycks vara fördelaktigt i relation till elevernas grad av fysisk aktivitet på fritiden, samt i relation till föräldrarnas engagemang. Följaktligen föreslås att idrottsundervisningen bör sträva efter att tillgodose de grundläggande psykologiska behoven hos eleverna i linje med SDT, vilket kan främja ett långsiktigt och hälsosamt beteende.
Purpose: The aim was to examine the relationship between students’ motivation for physical education (PE) and: i) habits regarding physical activity during leisure time; and ii) parents’ commitment towards PE. The study is based on the self-determination theory (SDT). Method: High school students (n = 147) answered a self-report questionnaire about physical activity habits and parent’s involvement. Data were analyzed by correlations, multiple regression analysis and MANOVA. Results: Subtile interrelations were found between students’ motivation and level of physical activity. Students who were physically active more frequently also tended to be more autonomous motivated for the subject compared with none-physically active. Subtile interrelations were also obtained between type of motivation and parental involvement. Conclusions: Autonomous motivation seems beneficial in relation to student’s level of physical activity and in relation to parental involvement. It is proposed that PE should promote psychological needs within SDT, to further autonomous motivation and healthy behaviors.

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Tam, Win-gee, and 譚穎知. "The moderation effect of original motivation level on the relation between task instrumentality and the change in motivation level." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196511.

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This experiment investigated the motivational effect of task instrumentality in a group of 8th grade students (N = 92). It investigated whether telling students that memory skills were instrumental could produce motivational effect. With reference to the self-determination theory, it was hypothesized that the original level of motivation would serve as the moderator of the effect of instrumentality on the change in motivation. It was believed that instrumentality would have more impact on students with low level of motivation at the first place; while the impact of instrumentality would be less on students with high level of motivation at the first place. The experiment was successful in the manipulation of instrumentality of memory skill. There was an increase in students’ introjection after the intervention. The main effects showed that the teaching session was effective in reducing students’ external regulation. Marginal significant main effect was found in the experimental group, where they had higher identification to the mnemonic session compared to the control group. Regarding the moderation effect, there was no significant moderation effect of original motivation level on the relation between task instrumentality and the change in motivation level. Implications of these findings on education were discussed.
published_or_final_version
Educational Psychology
Master
Master of Social Sciences

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Silva, Gesiel de Albuquerque. "A autonomia no ensino-aprendizagem de língua inglesa: suas relações com a motivação e as estratégias." Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras e Lingüística da UFBA, 2008. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10977.

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Este trabalho de pesquisa investiga os efeitos e a importância da autonomia no ensinoaprendizagem de língua inglesa e de que maneira ela contribui para o surgimento ou o desenvolvimento da motivação no estudante. Investiga, também, como isso se relaciona com o uso de estratégias e quais são os tipos de motivação atuantes no comportamento dos educandos, capazes de levá-los a serem independentes e sujeitos transformadores da sua realidade. Para tanto, foram realizadas entrevistas, observações de aulas e aplicação de questionários em duas instituições - uma pública e a outra particular - com o objetivo de verificar, na prática, se os fenômenos de insatisfação e do prazer pelo aprendizado de inglês estão diretamente relacionados às estratégias utilizadas pelos aprendizes e se fortalecem a sua motivação para o exercício da sua autonomia. Discute-se a seguir como as estratégias podem ser usadas para facilitar o aprendizado e a convivência entre alunos e professores na sala de aula com vistas a obter um envolvimento maior com os conteúdos, com os colegas e com a instituição, reforçando a capacidade de tornar os educandos seres críticos e reflexivos sobre a sua prática e as dos outros. Trata-se de um estudo apoiado, principalmente, nos depoimentos dos estudantes, que visa a analisar o contexto em que exercem o seu aprendizado, suas dificuldades e aproveitamento e o que fazem para mudar suas posturas e ações diante dos desafios relacionados à aula de inglês e às exigências sócio-culturais. No marco teórico, serão apresentadas e discutidas idéias de autores como Dale Schunk, Diane Houghton, Dick Allwright, George Snyders, Jean Piaget, Rebecca Oxford, Lieslie Dickinson, Linda Davidoff, Marli Moreira, Myron Dembo, Paulo Freire, Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, Philip Riley, Zotan Dörney, entre outros. Busca-se dimensionar a importância da autonomia, que é vista aqui como um conjunto de atitudes, posturas, valores e planejamento, em etapas, das tarefas com vistas a um aprendizado mais consistente e duradouro e um comprometimento com os objetivos e o respeito à alteridade. E, com isso, avaliar como tudo se relaciona com a motivação e as estratégias produzidas pelos educandos na aprendizagem da língua inglesa e na contextualização desses conhecimentos.
Salvador

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Van, Waardhuizen Sarah Nicole. "Perceptions of administrative autonomy-support and teacher autonomy-support in music education." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6319.

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Autonomous learning is defined as an individual being actively engaged in the learning process to further his or her own interests and pleasure (Evans, 2016). This study measured music educators’ self-reported perceptions of autonomy-support provided by their principal and music educators’ self-reported perceptions of the autonomy-support they offered to their students. Bonneville-Roussy, Lavigne, and Vallerand (2011), Bonneville-Roussy, Vallerand, and Bouffard (2013), and Evans (2015) researched autonomous learning in music teaching and learning. They suggested music educators need to create a learning environment where students are motivated to learn for their own interests, pleasure, and passion for music. Autonomous learning research has focused not only on the autonomous learning of the students, but on the support offered by the teacher to motivate the autonomous learning (Reeve, 1998). Reeve (2009) defined autonomy-supportive teaching as “the interpersonal sentiment and behavior teachers provide to identify, nurture, and develop students’ inner motivational resources” (p. 159). Building from that definition, Deci and Ryan (2016) asserted through autonomy-supportive efforts in the classroom, a student will be “moved to act” in the motivational process (Ryan, 2016; Ryan & Deci, 2016). Autonomy-supportive teaching centers on the careful alignment of the teacher’s motivating action with student needs. For this study, current music educator participants (N = 295) took an online survey that included demographic information, the Work Climate Questionnaire-Schools (Baard, Deci, & Ryan, 2004; adapted for schools with permission), and the Situations in Schools Questionnaire (Aelterman et al., 2017; used with permission from J. Reeve, 2016). Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, MANOVA, and ANOVA resulted in no significant differences in the correlation analysis between Work Climate Questionnaire – School and Situations in Schools – Controlling-Teaching or Work Climate Questionnaire – School and Situations in Schools – Autonomy-Support. There was significant negative correlation between Situations in Schools – Controlling-Teaching and Situations in Schools – Autonomy-Support, r (293) = -.160, p < .01, one-tailed. The MANOVA design indicated a main effect for area taught by level taught by highest education attained, Өᵢ = 0.031, F (2, 276) = 4.26, p = .015. There was a statistically significant difference between highest education level attained and the Situations in Schools – Controlling-Teaching Scale, F (1, 290) = 4.923, p < .05. The negative relationship between controlling-teaching and autonomy-supportive teaching promotes the relevance for the newly established Situations in Schools (Aelterman et al., 2017) measurement tool. The data suggest music educators who possess graduate degrees tend to utilize less controlling-teaching practices. Future research in undergraduate teacher training and professional development in autonomy-supportive teaching could enhance the development of teachers-in-training and current music educators.

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Lönnback, Yilma Rebecca, and Tara Nabavi. "Coachning i arbetslivet : - och dess effekt på medarbetares upplevda autonomi, motivation och utveckling." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik och didaktik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-139074.

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Arbetslivscoachning har etablerat sig på arbetsmarknaden som utvecklingsmetod av medarbetares arbetsprestation. Denna studie syftade till att undersöka coachade medarbetares upplevelser av arbetslivscoachning, i förhållande till autonomi, motivation och utveckling. Respondenterna arbetade på ett kommunalt äldreboende i Stockholmsregionen. Totalt utgjorde tio semistrukturerade medarbetarintervjuer studiens huvudsakliga datamaterial. Dessutom genomfördes en semistrukturerad intervju med medarbetarnas enhetschef, som även coachade medarbetarna. Data analyserades via empiristyrd tematisk analys, med inspiration från innehållsanalys. Studiens teoretiska inramning innefattade Illeris lärmodell, Hackman & Oldhams motivationsmodell, Deci & Ryans självbestämmandeteori samt Locke & Lathams målsättningsteori. Medarbetarna upplevde autonomi inom gruppens målformulering, däremot med begränsad individuell autonomi. Resultatet visade att coachen bör vara autonomifrämjande, för att vara motivations-och utvecklingsfrämjande. Även relationen mellan coach och medarbetare är betydelsefull för att coachningen ska vara motivationsfrämjande, och därigenom utvecklingsfrämjande. Slutligen begränsas medarbetares inre motivation då coachen tillämpat ett styrande tillvägagångssätt somsaknar individanpassning. Avsaknad av individanpassning, samt gruppen kollektiva överenskommelse, bidrar snarare till en yttre motivation som är internaliserad.
Coaching has established itself on the labor market as a method for employee development, in regards to job performance. This study aimed to explore how employees undergoing work life coaching experience the coaching in relation to autonomy, motivation and development. All respondents worked at a communal geriatric care facility in Stockholm. Ten employees and their coach were interviewed, via semi-structured interviews. The coach also worked as the employees’ section director. Data was analysed using thematic analysis, with inspiration from content analysis. As theoretical framework Illeris Three Dimensions of Learning Model, Hackman & Oldhams Job Characteristic Theory, Deci & Ryans Self-Determination Theory, and Locke & Lathams Goal Setting Theory was applied. The employees experienced autonomy within team’s goal setting, however with limited individual autonomy. Results showed that a coach should work to enhance employee autonomy in order for coaching to have a positive effect on employee motivation and development. The relationship between coach and coachee is of importance for the coaching to have positive effect on employee motivation and development. Applying directive elements in the coaching style and lacking in individual accommodation hinders the employees’ intrinsic motivation. The lack of individual accommodation, and presence of collective understanding within the team, rather results in an internalised extrinsic motivation.

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Tzafestas, Elpida. "Vers une systemique des agents autonomes : des cellules, des motivations et des perturbations." Paris 6, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA066481.

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Ce travail se situe au carrefour de l'intelligence artificielle et des systemes multi-agents avec la robotique autonome, la vie artificielle et les approches ascendantes aux sciences cognitives. Il s'agit d'elaborer des principes d'organisation d'agents autonomes qui soient independants du niveau d'organisation, donc des principes recursifs. Un agent autonome d'un niveau quelconque d'organisation est un systeme couple a son environnement qui demontre des proprietes de reactivite, de motivation, de socialite et d'adaptativite. Ces principes sont illustres par la resolution d'un ensemble de problemes pratiques impliquant des agents autonomes a deux niveaux d'organisation: le niveau agent-animat cellulaire et le niveau agent-cellule. En premier lieu, nous nous placons au niveau d'un agent-animat pour lequel nous developpons une organisation cellulaire servant de base pour la resolution de deux problemes inspires de la robotique comportementale et de la productique. Nous etudions ces problemes pour le cas d'un seul et de plusieurs agents cellulaires. Ensuite, nous descendons au niveau de la cellule pour montrer comment ces memes principes peuvent etre utilises pour assurer la plasticite et l'integrite du reseau cellulaire face a des pannes imprevues. Finalement, nous proposons la senescence comme force motrice de l'apprentissage et de l'emergence de structures d'organisation d'ordre superieur et nous developpons un modele de senescence qui repond a toutes les specifications necessaires

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Chittum, Jessica Rebecca. "Integrative Perspectives of Academic Motivation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72902.

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My overall objective in this dissertation was to develop more integrative perspectives of several aspects of academic motivation. Rarely have researchers and theorists examined a more comprehensive model of academic motivation that pools multiple constructs that interact in a complex and dynamic fashion (Kaplan, Katz, and Flum, 2012; Turner, Christensen, Kackar-Cam, Trucano, and Fulmer, 2014). The more common trend in motivation research and theory has been to identify and explain only a few motivation constructs and their linear relationships rather than examine complex relationships involving 'continuously emerging systems of dynamically interrelated components' (Kaplan et al., 2014, para. 4). In this dissertation, my co-author and I focused on a more integrative perspective of academic motivation by first reviewing varying characterizations of one motivation construct (Manuscript 1) and then empirically testing dynamic interactions among multiple motivation constructs using a person-centered methodological approach (Manuscript 2). Within the first manuscript (Chapter 2), a theoretical review paper, we summarized multiple perspectives of the need for autonomy and similar constructs in academic motivation, primarily autonomy in self-determination theory, autonomy supports, and choice. We provided an integrative review and extrapolated practical teaching implications. We concluded with recommendations for researchers and instructors, including a call for more integrated perspectives of academic motivation and autonomy that focus on complex and dynamic patterns in individuals' motivational beliefs. Within the second manuscript (Chapter 3), we empirically investigated students' motivation in science class as a complex, dynamic, and context-bound phenomenon that incorporates multiple motivation constructs. Following a person-centered approach, we completed cluster analyses of students' perceptions of 5 well-known motivation constructs (autonomy, utility value, expectancy, interest, and caring) in science class to determine whether or not the students grouped into meaningful 'motivation profiles.' 5 stable profiles emerged: (1) low motivation; (2) low value and high support; (3) somewhat high motivation; (4) somewhat high empowerment and values, and high support; and (5) high motivation. As this study serves as a proof of concept, we concluded by describing the 5 clusters. Together, these studies represent a focus on more integrative and person-centered approaches to studying and understanding academic motivation.
Ph. D.

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Andersson, Sofie, and Anna Jansson. "Motivation & Målkongruens : i ett produktionsföretag." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-194432.

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Utgångspunkten för denna uppsats har varit sambandet mellan autonomi, självständig motivation och målkongruens. Sambandet har hämtats från Self-Determination Theory, där autonomi anses vara en förutsättning för att uppleva självständig motivation som i sin tur anses viktigt för att skapa målkongruens i en organisation. Då autonomi inte är en självklarhet inom alla yrken har syftet med studien varit att undersöka sambandet mellan motivation och målkongruens bland anställda med standardiserade arbetsuppgifter på ett produktionsföretag. Fallföretaget för studien har varit Sandvik AB som verkar inom tillverkningsindustrin. Det empiriska materialet har inhämtats på en och samma avdelning genom intervjuer med en produktionschef samt nio anställda. De anställda har även besvarat en enkät om motivation gentemot arbetet. Det empiriska materialet har analyserats utifrån Self-Determination Theory och teori om målkongruens. Studien har visat att respondenterna med standardiserade arbetsuppgifter till övervägande del upplever kontrollerad motivation och trots detta lyckas organisationen skapa målkongruens genom yttre faktorer.

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Ringhov, Sanne, and Dino Konakovic. "Autonomi och dess betydelse för yttre motivation - En studie om anställdas motivation i en kraftigt reglerad sektor." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-340807.

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Banksektorn är en sektor som blir alltmer reglerad genom lagar och regler. Tidigare forskning har visat att regleringar kan påverka autonomin hos anställda. Eftersom autonomin är en förutsättning för att anställda ska kunna skapa självständig motivation kan därmed den yttre motivationen bli lidande. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka vilken typ av yttre motivation som upplevs av anställda inom en organisation där det råder kraftiga regleringar. En fallstudie på ett bankkontor har utförts genom enkäter samt intervjuer skapade utifrån Self-determination theory (SDT). Vidare presenteras vilken typ av yttre motivation bankanställda upplever samt huruvida de anställda upplever de tre grundläggande behoven enligt SDT som tillfredsställda eller inte. Sammanfattningsvis visar fallstudien att den framträdande motivationstypen på bankkontoret var kontrollerad motivation. De bankanställda upplevde autonomin som begränsad, men trots detta fanns det i vissa fall indikation på självständig motivation, vilket eventuellt kan förklaras av den starka samhörigheten på arbetsplatsen.

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Ferreira, Pedro Manuel Gonçalves. "A liderança exercida pelo Conselho Geral: o papel do líder em regime de autonomia, gestão e administração escolar: um estudo de caso." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/11848.

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O Decreto-Lei nº 75/2008 de 22 de Abril regulamenta o Regime de Autonomia, Administração e Gestão dos estabelecimentos públicos da educação pré-escolar e dos ensinos básico e secundário, visa reforçar a participação das famílias e das comunidades na direcção estratégica dos estabelecimentos de ensino, favorecer a constituição de lideranças fortes e reforçar a autonomia das escolas. Este Decreto-Lei vem completar o quadro de mudanças introduzidas na organização e na autonomia dos estabelecimentos públicos de educação pré-escolar e dos ensinos básico e secundário. Com o objectivo de reforçar a participação das famílias e das comunidades, promovendo a abertura das escolas ao exterior e a sua integração nas comunidades locais, institui-se um órgão de direcção estratégica designado por Conselho Geral. A presente investigação centrou-se no domínio da liderança assegurada pelo Conselho Geral, no âmbito das suas competências previstas no novo Diploma, já referenciado. Assim, pretende-se desenvolver um estudo descritivo e interpretativo sobre a liderança do Conselho Geral numa Escola Secundária. O objectivo passa por estudar a problemática da liderança exercida pelo Conselho e as percepções dos diferentes actores enquanto membros do Conselho Geral. Neste sentido torna-se importante perceber que tipo de liderança advém deste Diploma bem como a caracterização do líder do Conselho Geral e qual o seu contributo na direcção estratégica responsável pela definição das linhas orientadoras da actividade da escola. Foi igualmente um objectivo interpretar os efeitos e influências das lideranças na cultura e no clima da escola, no comportamento e aproveitamento dos alunos, e também nas famílias e comunidades locais, analisar da questão da autonomia na transição do Decreto-Lei n.º 115-A/98, de 4 de Maio para o Decreto-Lei n.º75/2008, de 22 de Abril e identificar que vantagens e/ou desvantagens trouxe para a escola a implementação do actual Modelo de Direcção, Administração e Gestão Escolar. Tendo em conta um quadro teórico focalizado nas lideranças educativas na vertente pedagógica e de gestão e administração, e considerando os objectivos propostos para este estudo, pretendeu-se realizar uma investigação que privilegia a metodologia qualitativa. Assim, numa primeira fase, recolhemos e analisamos documentos da Escola, que nos permitiram caracterizar o seu contexto e depois realizamos entrevistas individuais ao Presidente do Conselho Geral, ao Director, a um membro do Pessoal Docente, a um membro do Pessoal Não-Docente, a um membro dos Alunos, a um membro dos Pais e Encarregados de Educação, a um membro da Autarquia e a um membro da Comunidade Local Os resultados apontam para a existência, nesta escola, de uma liderança forte do Conselho Geral, de estratégias na implementação dos poderes e de uma participação activa e dinâmica por parte de todos os membros que compõem este órgão; ### ABSTRACT: The Decree-Law nº 75/2008, of April 22th, regulates the regime of autonomy, administration and management of public institutions of pre-school, primary and secondary education, aims to strengthen the participation of families and communities in the strategic direction of the educating institutes, promotes the development of strong leadership and strengthens the autonomy of schools. This Decree-Law completes the scenario of the changes introduced in the organization and autonomy of public preschool education and elementary and secondary school. With the aim of reinforcing the participation of families and communities, promoting the opening of schools abroad and their integration into local communities, an organ of strategic supervision is established designated General Council. This research focused the field of leadership assured by the General Council, within its competences defined under the new law, already referenced. Thus, it is intended to develop a descriptive and interpretive study on leadership of the General Council in a Secondary School. The objective is to study the problematic leadership acomplished by the Council and the perceptions of the different actors as members of the General Council. In this sense, it is important to establish what type of leadership comes from this diploma as well as the characterization of the leader of the General Council and what contribution it has to the strategic supervision responsible for defining the guidelines of the school‘s activity. It was also an objective to interpret the effects and influences of leadership in the school‘s culture and climate, student‘s behavior and achievement, and also in families and local communities and to examine the issue of autonomy in the transition of Decree-Law n.º 115-A/98, from May 4th to Decree-Law nº 75/2008 of April 22th and to identify advantages and / or disadvantages brought to the school with the implementation of the current Model of School Supervision, Administration and Management. Taking into account a theoretical scenario focused on educational leadership in pedagogical and management and administration approach, and considering the goals of this study, it was intended to conduct an investigation that focuses on a qualitative methodology. In a first phase, documents from the school were collected and analysed, which allowed the characterization of the context and then interviews were conducted with the President of the General Council, the Director, a member of teaching staff, a member of the non-teaching staff, a member of the Students, a member of the Parents and Guardians, a member of the City Council and a member of the Local Community. The results indicate the existence, at this school, of a strong leadership of the General Council, of strategies in the implementation of responsabilities and an active and dynamic participation by all the members of this organ.

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Dalvik, Frida, and Louise Frisk. "Motivation under Distansarbete : En kvalitativ studie om distansarbetets påverkan på inre motivation under Coronapandemin." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-433930.

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Hur väl distansarbete fungerar och hur det påverkar anställdas motivation har diskuterats i tidigare studier. I samband med smittspridningen av Covid-19 behövde verksamheter anpassa sig efter Folkhälsomyndighetens restriktioner och därmed införa distansarbete. Syftet med denna undersökning var att analysera hur den inre motivationen påverkas av distansarbetet i samband med Coronapandemin. Undersökningen har sin utgångspunkt i Self-Determination Theory och de tre variablerna samhörighet, kompetens och autonomi som tillsammans bildar inre motivation. Studien genomfördes kvalitativt där urvalsgruppen var revisorer. Resultatet visade sig ge en positiv effekt på autonomi och flexibilitet men en negativ effekt på samhörighet och kommunikation. Effekten på upplevd kompetens och utveckling var till störst del negativ, men kunde upprätthållas till viss del för mer seniora roller. Individuella preferenser hade en avgörande roll för resultatet men sammantaget minskade inre motivation vid distansarbete.

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Blessenius, Annie, and Jenny Eliasson. "En studie om hur kaloriräknare kan designas för att stötta autonomi hos människor med ätstörningsbeteende." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44514.

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Utvecklingen av smartphones har gjort att det uppkommit flera applikationer som ska hjälpa människor att mäta deras hälsa. Egenmätnings-applikationer som t.ex. kaloriräknare har däremot visat sig vara problematiska då de används av personer med ätstörningsbeteende. För att människor ska känna välmående måste de uppleva autonomi. För att uppleva autonomi måste människor känna sig motiverade och att de är i kontroll över deras egna val. Studien undersöker hur kaloriräknare kan designas för att främja autonomi hos människor med ätstörningsbeteende. Studien har genomfört en litteraturstudie för att identifiera designutmaningar. Designutmaningarna har därefter försökt hanteras i två prototyper. Prototyperna har hanterat designutmaningarna på olika sätt för att bättre förstå vad som stöttar autonomi. Prototyperna har sedan utvärderats och diskuterats i fokusgrupper. Resultatet från fokusgrupperna utvärderades utifrån autonomi, och analysen resulterade i tio teman, indelade i två kategorier. Dessa teman diskuterades sedan och bidrog till lärdomar om hur kaloriräknare kan designas för att stötta autonomi hos människor med ätstörningsbeteende.
The development of smartphones has led to the emergence of several applications that will help people measure their health. Self-tracking applications such as calorie counters, on the other hand, have proven to be problematic because they are used by people with eating disorders. People must experience autonomy to be able to accomplish well-being. To experience autonomy, people must feel motivated and in control of their own choices. The study examines how calorie counters can be designed to promote autonomy for people with eating disorders. The study has conducted a literature review to identify design challenges. The design challenges resulted in two prototypes. The prototypes handled the design challenges in different ways to better understand what supports autonomy. The prototypes were then evaluated and discussed in focus groups. The results from the focus groups were evaluated on the basis of autonomy, and the analysis resulted in ten themes, divided into two categories. These themes were then discussed and contributed to lessons learned on how calorie counters can be designed to support autonomy for people with eating disorder behaviors.

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E, Block Hanna, and Eva Forssell. "Hur påverkas den autonoma och kontrollerade motivationen av budgetlös styrning?" Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-21256.

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Syfte: Med utgångspunkt från Self Determination Theory belysa hur den autonoma och kontrollerade motivationen påverkas hos medarbetare då företag arbetar budgetlöst med avseende på decentralisering, målstyrning och belöningssystem. Metod: Studien har utgått från ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv där fenomenet som studerats ses vara av socialkonstruktivistisk art. Teori och empiri har arbetats fram iterativt med hjälp av abduktion där grunden för studien har varit i form av en fallstudie med ett kvalitativt angreppssätt genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjuguiden används som utgångspunkt vid kategoriseringen i empirin vilket analysen baseras på. Resultat & slutsats: Studien tyder på att decentralisering och målstyrning inom budgetlös styrning främst påverkar den autonoma motivationen. Gällande belöningssystem gav inte studien något entydigt resultat men vissa indikationer på att det fanns en risk för att en kontrollerad motivation skulle kunna uppstå. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Till vidare forskning inom budgetlös styrning föreslår vi att undersöka belöningssystem ur ett ledningsperspektiv och påverkan på deras motivation samt att undersöka huruvida det finns ett samband mellan principerna bakom en fungerande decentralisering och motivation. Studiens bidrag: Teoretiskt bidrar studien med att decentralisering och målstyrning påverkar den autonoma motivationen positivt medans belöningssystem kan bidra till att kontrollerad motivation uppstår. Praktiskt bidrag visar att decentralisering och målstyrning ökar möjligheten till eget ansvar och beslutsfattande, detta bör dock företag arbeta mer aktivt med.
Aim: Based on the self-determination theory shed light on how the autonomous and controlled motivation affects the employees in companies using beyond budgeting regarding to decentralization , management by objectives and reward systems. Method: This study has a hermeneutic perspective with a base of social constructivism. The theory and the empirical material have been approached iteratively with the help of abduction method. The design of the study is a case study with a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews.The interview guide is used as the basis for categorization of empirical data which the analysis is based upon. Result & Conclusion: The study suggests that decentralization and management by objectives using beyond budgeting primarily affects the autonomic motivation. Current reward system did not show any unequivocal results but some indications that there was a risk that a controlled motivation could arise. Suggestions for future research: For further research in Beyond Budgeting, we propose to investigate the reward system from a management perspective and the impact on their motivation and to investigate whether there is a connection between the principles behind the functioning of decentralization and motivation. Contribution of the thesis: From a theoretical point of view, this study contributes to decentralization and management by objectives primarily affects the autonomous motivation while the reward system may contribute to controlled motivation. Practical contribution shows that decentralization and management by objectives within Beyond Budgeting increases the possibility of personal responsibility and decision-making, this should companies work more actively with.

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Meyer, Anna, and Mina Stjernberg. "En longitudinell studie av motivationens betydelse vid en nedläggning." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-94169.

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Omställningen vid en organisationsförändring anses ofta ha ennegativ effekt på de anställda. Forskning kring nedläggningar hardock funnit ett motsägelsefullt fenomen som yttrar sig genom ökadproduktivitet, en nedläggningseffekt. Syftet med studien var attstudera hur de anställdas motivation påverkas och förändras under ennedläggning, samt se hur detta kan relateras till Organizationalcitizenship behavior, målengagemang och arbetstillfredsställelse.Studien var av longitudinell design och genomfördes på en fabrikunder nedläggning. Enkäter besvarades av 140 stycken anställda påfabriken. Resultatet visade att en nedläggningseffekt med störstasannolikhet ägt rum och att motivationen ökat. Ett signifikantsamband erhölls mellan motivationsvariablerna (autonomi och goalefficacy) och arbetstillfredsställelse, där autonomi var av störst vikt.Resultaten åskådliggör Self determination theorys betydelse förmotivation men har inte någon uppenbar koppling till Cognitiveevaluation theory. Studien belyser fördelarna med att applicerakunskapen kring nedläggningseffekten och dess samband medmotivation, på levande organisationer.

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Le, Sabrie Van. "Betydelsen av kontrollerad och autonom motivation för fyra dimensioner av arbetsprestation." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-178039.

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Självbestämmande teorin om motivation (SDT) beskriver hur olika motivationstyper kan påverka medarbetarnas olika arbetsprestationer. Det är viktigt att skilja på vilken motivationstyp som relaterar till vilken arbetsprestation för att bäst kunna motivera medarbetarna i organisationer. Syftet med den föreliggande studien var att undersöka hur autonom respektive kontrollerad motivation relaterar till olika dimensioner av arbetsprestation och undersöka den relativa betydelsen av motivationstyp för arbetsprestation. En tvärsnittsstudie genomfördes med 105 deltagare i fem olika organisationer. Data analyserades med hierarkisk multipel regressionsanalys. Resultatet visade ett positivt signifikant samband mellan autonom motivation och uppgiftprestation, kreativitet och samarbetsprestation. Kontrollerad motivation var signifikant positivt relaterat till samarbetsprestation, signifikant negativt relaterat till kreativitet, medan det inte fanns något signifikantsamband med uppgiftsprestation. Ingen av motivationstyperna uppvisade ett signifikant samband med kontraproduktiva beteenden. Studiens resultat visade att när medarbetare drivs av lust, intresse och meningsfullhet snarare än av tävlan, pengar eller yttre krav så presterar de bättre.

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Gay, Simon. "Mécanismes d’apprentissage développemental et intrinsèquement motivés en intelligence artificielle : étude des mécanismes d'intégration de l'espace environnemental." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10300/document.

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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre du projet IDEAL (Implementing DevelopmentAl Learning) financé par l'Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR). La capacité à percevoir, mémoriser et interpréter l'environnement qui nous entoure est une capacité vitale que l'on retrouve chez de nombreux êtres vivants. Cette capacité leur permet de générer des comportements adaptés à leur contexte, ou d'échapper à un prédateur sorti de leur champ de vision. L'objectif de cette thèse consiste à doter un agent artificiel de cette capacité. Nous proposons un modèle théorique permettant à un agent artificiel de générer des connaissances exploitables des éléments constituant son environnement et une structure reflétant l'espace. Ce modèle est basé sur la théorie de la contingence sensorimotrice, et implémente une forme de motivation intrinsèque. En effet, ce modèle débute avec un ensemble de structure indivisibles, appelées interactions, caractérisant les échanges entre l'agent et son environnement. L'apprentissage des connaissances est développemental et émerge de l'interaction entre l'agent et son environnement, sans qu'aucune intervention extérieure (récompense), ne soit nécessaire. Notre modèle propose des mécanismes permettant d'organiser et d'exploiter ces connaissances émergentes dans le but de générer des comportements. Nous proposons des implémentations de ce modèle pour démontrer l'émergence d'une connaissance à partir de l'interaction entre l'agent et son environnement, et les comportements qui émergent de cette connaissance
This thesis is a part of the IDEAL project (Implementing DEvelopmentAl Learning) funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR). The ability of perceiving, memorizing and interpreting the surrounding environment is a vital ability found in numerous living beings. This ability allows them to generate context adapted behaviors, or escaping from a predator that escape from their sensory system. The objective of this thesis consists in implementing such a capacity in artificial agents. We propose a theoretical model that allows artificial agent to generate a usable knowledge of elements that compose its environment and a structure able to characterize the structure of surrounding space. This model is based on the sensorimotor contingency theory, and implements a form of intrinsic motivation. Indeed, this model begin with a set of indivisible structures, called interactions, that characterize the interaction possibilities between the agent and its environment. The learning is developmental and emerges from the interaction that occurs between the agent and the environment, without the need of any external intervention (like reward). Our model propose a set of mechanisms that allow to organize and exploit emerging knowledge in order to generate behaviors. We propose implementations of our model to demonstrate the emerging knowledge based on agent-environment interaction, and behaviors that can emerge from this knowledge

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Russell, Jae-eun Lee. "Supporting students' motivation in college online courses." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2620.

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Students' motivation has been identified as a critical factor for meaningful engagement and positive academic achievement in various educational settings. In particular, self-regulation strategies have been identified as important skills in online learning environments. However, applying self-regulation strategies, such as goal setting, strategic planning, and reflect performance takes significant effort. Without motivation, students will not enact these types of strategies. Autonomous self-regulation has been investigated in traditional classroom settings and there is ample empirical evidence of a significant relationship between autonomous self-regulation and engagement and academic achievement. However, such research was limited in online learning environments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that affected students' autonomous or self-determined forms of regulation as defined in self-determination theory (SDT). The study examined the relations between students' self-regulated motivation and four other variables (students' interests in the course, students' perception of their instructor's interaction type, students' technology self-efficacy, and students' perception of the degree to which their online learning environment used constructivist-based pedagogy), and the interactions among these variables in college online courses. In addition, the study examined the relationship between students' autonomous forms of regulation and their engagement, learning achievement, interaction behaviors, and satisfaction in the online course. For students' interaction behaviors, the total number of authored and read messages, the total number of visits to the content page, the total number of visited topics in the content page, and total duration spent in the content page were examined. One hundred forty students in 19 online courses participated in this study. The results of hierarchical linear modeling analyses revealed: (a) Both environmental factors, instructors' autonomy-supportive interaction and learning environments using constructivist-based pedagogy predicted students' autonomous self-regulated motivation (b) Students' autonomous self-regulated motivation predicted students' self-reported engagement, achievement, and satisfaction (c) Two personal factors, interest in the course and technology self-efficacy did not predict students' autonomous self-regulation (d) Students' autonomous self-regulated motivation did not predict any interaction behaviors. The findings from this study are largely congruent with prior theory and research in the fields of academic motivation, self-determination, and online learning, which note that environmental factors, instructors' autonomy-supportive interaction and constructivist-based pedagogy significantly affect students' autonomous self-regulation in online learning environments.

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Tangen, Josefin, and Pauline Wiberg. "Kompetens, autonomi och samhörighetens betydelse för arbetsmotivation : En studie om medarbetares motivation inom upplevelseindustrin." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-26193.

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Titel: Kompetens, autonomi och samhörighetens betydelse för arbetsmotivation – En studie om medarbetares motivation inom upplevelseindustrin Nivå: C-uppsats i ämnet företagsekonomi Författare: Josefin Tangen, Pauline Wiberg Handledare: Monica Wallmon, Maria Fregidou-Malama Datum: 2018 – januari Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att öka förståelsen för hur individens grundläggande behov av kompetens, autonomi och samhörighet påverkar arbetsmotivation inom upplevelseindustrin. Metod: Studien utgår från en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Sammanlagt 10 intervjuer genomfördes med medarbetare inom upplevelseindustrin. Det insamlade materialet har analyserats med hjälp av en tematisk analys. Resultat & slutsats: Resultatet av studien visar att samtliga tre grundläggande behov påverkar arbetsmotivationen hos medarbetare inom upplevelseindustrin, samt att ledningen arbetar med att främja dessa tre behov. Respondenterna anser att ledningen arbetar med att främja samhörighet på ett tillfredställande sätt men att arbetet med att tillgodose behovet av kompetens och autonomi kan förbättras. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Då flertalet respondenter poängterat att positiv återkoppling från kunder är av stor betydelse, föreslår vi att fortsatta studier kan undersöka om kundens återkoppling möjligen upplevs viktigare än ledarens återkoppling för medarbetare inom upplevelseindustrin. Ytterligare förslag till fortsatt forskning är att genomföra en mer omfattande studie för att skapa djupare förståelse, eftersom att denna studie är begränsad till endast tio intervjuer. Då studien endast utgår från ett medarbetarperspektiv skulle framtida forskning avseende behovstillfredsställelse och arbetsmotivation utifrån ett ledningsperspektiv bidra till ökad förståelse inom ämnet. Uppsatsens bidrag: Genom denna studie har vi ökat förståelsen för hur individens tre grundläggande behov påverkar arbetsmotivation inom upplevelseindustrin, som är ett outforskat område. Denna studie tillför således ett teoretiskt bidrag gällande ett nytt område, upplevelseindustrin, till den befintliga forskningen avseende arbetsmotivation. Vi menar också att denna studie bidrar till praktiken då vi uppmärksammat och studerat medarbetarens centrala roll inom upplevelseindustrin. Denna studie kan således ge ett bidrag till ledare inom upplevelseindustrin i deras arbete med att motivera medarbetare, vilket i det förlängda leder till en positiv upplevelse för kunden och en lönsam verksamhet. Nyckelord: Upplevelseindustrin, arbetsmotivation, kompetens, autonomi, samhörighet, Self-Determination Theory, Servant Leadership.
Title: The importance of competence, autonomy and relatedness for employee motivation - a study about employee motivation within the experience economy Level: Final assignment for Bachelor Degree in Business Administration Author: Josefin Tangen, Pauline Wiberg Supervisor: Monica Wallmon, Maria Fregidou-Malama Date: 2018 – January Aim: The aim of this study is to increase the understanding of how the individual's basic needs for competence, autonomy and relatedness affect employee motivation within the experience economy. Method: The study is based on a qualitative approach. A total of 10 interviews were conducted with employees in the experience economy. We analyzed our material using a thematic analysis. Result & Conclusions: The result of this study shows that all three basic needs affect employee motivation within the experience economy. This study also shows that management is working to promote these three basic needs. Respondents believe that their need of relatedness is promoted in a satisfactory manner, but that efforts to meet the need for competence and autonomy can be improved. Suggestions for future research: Since the majority of respondents emphasized that positive feedback from customers is of great importance, we suggest that further studies investigate if customer feedback is possibly more important than the leader’s feedback for employees in the experience economy. Since this study is confined to only ten interviews another proposal for future research is to do a more extensive study in order to create deeper understanding. As the study is based solely on an employee perspective, we suggest that further studies can investigate need satisfaction and employee motivation from a management perspective to contribute to deeper understanding within the matter. Contribution of the thesis: Through this study, we have increased the understanding of how the individual's three basic needs affect employee motivation in the experience economy, which is an unexplored area. Therefore, this study adds a theoretical contribution to existing research in employee motivation in terms of a new field, the experience economy. We also believe that this study contributes to the practice as we have noted and studied the central role of employees in the experience economy. This study can therefore contribute to leaders in the experience economy in their efforts to motivate employees, which in the long run leads to a positive experience for the customer as well as a profitable business. Key words: Experience economy, employee motivation, competence, autonomy, relatedness, Self-Determination Theory, Servant Leadership.

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Houlfort, Nathalie. "The impact of performance-contingent rewards on perceived autonomy and intrinsic motivation /." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85168.

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The present program of research explored the impact of performance-contingent rewards on perceived autonomy and intrinsic motivation. Four studies sought to clarify the debate between behaviorist (Eisenberger and Cameron, 1996; Eisenberger, Pierce, and Cameron, 1999; Eisenberger, Rhoades, and Cameron, 1999) and the social cognitive researchers (Deci & Ryan, 1980, 1985; Deci, Koestner, & Ryan, 1999) regarding the impact of such incentives on perceived autonomy. Two experimental studies (Studies 1 and 2) examined this relationship among college students and elementary school children. Results revealed an undermining effect of performance-contingent rewards on participants' affective experience of autonomy (enhanced feelings of pressure and tension). No significant results were found on intrinsic motivation for college students, whereas for elementary school children, rewards increased enjoyment for the target activity.
Two field-based quasi-experimental studies (Studies 3 and 4) were designed to explore the impact of performance-contingent rewards in an organizational setting. Both studies differentiated between private sector workers, who received a merit-based salary (performance-reward expectancy) and workers from the public sector who received a salary based on seniority (no performance-reward expectancy). Study 3 replicated the previous findings by demonstrating that that performance-reward expectancy undermined workers perceived autonomy. Study 4 extended these results by revealing that the presence of performance contingent reward programs in organizations undermined employees' work satisfaction and relatedness. Such incentives also had a tendency to reduce workers' adjustment to retirement.

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Griner, Downi. "Student Autonomy: A Case Study of Intrinsic Motivation in the Art Classroom." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3362.

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How might a curriculum based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT) influence student motivation and art making in a 9th grade art classroom? The researcher devised a negotiated curriculum called The Master Artist Program based on the SDT theory of intrinsic motivation. The implementation of this curriculum was designed to explore the question of how a curriculum based on SDT theory would influence student motivation and art making in a 9th grade art classroom. This curriculum was implemented in a ninth grade art class on an optional basis for the course of nine weeks. The results of data analysis, illustrated by relevant vignettes, revealed features indicative of intrinsic motivation as well as peer interaction and community.

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Robertson, Laura, and M. Gail Jones. "Chinese and US Middle-School Science Teachers' Autonomy, Motivation, and Instructional Practices." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/765.

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This study examined Chinese and US middle-school science teachers' perceptions of autonomy support. Previous research has documented the link between teachers' perceptions of autonomy and the use of student-oriented teaching practices for US teachers. But is not clear how the perception of autonomy may differ for teachers from different cultures or more specifically how motivation factors differ across cultures. The survey measured teachers' motivation, perceptions of constraints at work, perceptions of students' motivation, and level of autonomy support for students. Exploratory factor analysis of responses for the combined teacher sample (n = 201) was carried out for each of the survey assessments. Significance testing for Chinese (n = 107) and US (n = 94) teachers revealed significant differences in teachers' motivation and perceptions of constraints at work and no significant differences for perceptions of students' motivation or their level of autonomy support for students. Chinese teachers' perceptions of constraints at work, work motivation, and perceptions of student motivation were found to significantly predict teachers' autonomy support. For the US teachers, teacher motivation was the only significant predictor of teachers' autonomy support. A sub-sample of teachers (n = 19) was interviewed and results showed that teachers in both countries reported that autonomy was important to their motivation and the quality of science instruction they provided to students. The primary constraints on teaching reported by the US teachers related to materials and laboratory space while the Chinese teachers reported constraints related to the science curriculum and standards.

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Savage-Speegle, Amanda Lynn. "Autonomy Supportive Teaching Strategies and Student Motivation in Middle School Physical Education." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4327.

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Many U.S. adolescents struggle with obesity and a lack of motivation to be healthy and physically active, which affects individual as well as public health. The purpose of this mixed-method study was to evaluate students' motivation to participate in physical education class and better understand the teaching strategies currently used by physical education teachers who participated in an interview and 2 observations. Self-determination theory framed the research questions, which focused on students' intrinsic motivation to participate in physical education class and physical education teachers' use of autonomy supportive teaching strategies. Learning Climate and Basic Need surveys were administered to 6th-8th grade students (n = 261). Analysis of descriptive statistics revealed students felt the strongest fulfillment of relatedness from their teacher (M = 5.6) and autonomy support to be the least (M = 4.6). Overall inferential statistics revealed similar results when teachers were compared. Analysis of variance resulted in no significant differences between the teachers as related to competence, relatedness, autonomy, and perceptions. Qualitative data was coded and revealed similar themes; all data revealed relatedness scores were the highest for all the teachers, and autonomy support was the lowest for all the teachers. Positive social change provides an updated 9-week curriculum plan with new units that have been designed to enhance their motivation and create awareness of lifelong physical activities; autonomy supportive teaching strategies have been incorporated in the curriculum.

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McHone, Cheryl. "Blended Learning Integration: Student Motivation and Autonomy in a Blended Learning Environment." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3750.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze teacher perceptions on the relationship of technology and student academic behaviors and performance in the blended learning environment across 9th through 12th grade within east Tennessee and to identify the components of blended learning and pedagogical practices that enhance students’ academic behaviors. Specifically, this study is an analysis of how student motivation and student autonomy relate to technology implementation and face-to-face instruction within blended learning environments. The participants of this study were teachers within 2 school districts in East Tennessee. All high school teachers within the participating school districts received an online survey that was distributed from their corresponding principals via email. The online survey used a Likert-type scale that consisted of 40 items focused on teachers’ perceptions of student motivation and student autonomy with the blended learning environment. The analysis of the data was based on the responses of 75 teachers from the 2 participating school districts. Statistical analyses of the data revealed that the amount of teacher technology use, student technology use, learning management system use, and type of professional development did not have a significant relationship with participants’ perspective of student motivation or student autonomy. The research also did not reveal a significant relationship between participants’ age and perception of student motivation. However, this research revealed a significant relationship between participant age and participants’ perception of student autonomy. The study revealed that, as participant age increased, participants’ mean student autonomy scores decreased.

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Savage-Speegle, Amanda. "Autonomy Supportive Teaching Strategies and Student Motivation in Middle School Physical Education." Thesis, Walden University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10638670.

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Many U.S. adolescents struggle with obesity and a lack of motivation to be healthy and physically active, which affects individual as well as public health. The purpose of this mixed-method study was to evaluate students’ motivation to participate in physical education class and better understand the teaching strategies currently used by physical education teachers who participated in an interview and 2 observations. Self-determination theory framed the research questions, which focused on students’ intrinsic motivation to participate in physical education class and physical education teachers’ use of autonomy supportive teaching strategies. Learning Climate and Basic Need surveys were administered to 6^th–8^th grade students (n = 261). Analysis of descriptive statistics revealed students felt the strongest fulfillment of relatedness from their teacher (M = 5.6) and autonomy support to be the least (M = 4.6). Overall inferential statistics revealed similar results when teachers were compared. Analysis of variance resulted in no significant differences between the teachers as related to competence, relatedness, autonomy, and perceptions. Qualitative data was coded and revealed similar themes; all data revealed relatedness scores were the highest for all the teachers, and autonomy support was the lowest for all the teachers. Positive social change provides an updated 9-week curriculum plan with new units that have been designed to enhance their motivation and create awareness of lifelong physical activities; autonomy supportive teaching strategies have been incorporated in the curriculum.

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Morrow, Mary I. "Self-determination theory increasing motivation in middle school students /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2008. http://165.236.235.140/lib/MMorrow2008.pdf.

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Ko, Ellen Yin-Lan Law. "Performance appraisal in higher education : the impact of new managerialism on the motivation of academic staff." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/81c8b503-947a-424e-8240-6d2d571d1dcc.

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Lu, Quoc Vinh. "Etude de la motivation ou engagement cognitif de l'étudiant vietnamien dans les activités de formation : le cas de l'université de Can Tho (Vietnam)." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR008.

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Cette thèse porte sur la motivation ou engagement cognitif de l’étudiant vietnamien dans ses études. Selon le constat de plusieurs universitaires, au début, une grande partie d’étudiants s’engagent dans leurs études avec de très bons résultats, mais au fil des ans, la motivation des étudiants décroît sensiblement et le non-engagement tend à augmenter progressivement. Selon la littérature scientifique, la motivation d’un apprenant est intrinsèque mais influencée par bon nombre de facteurs externes. Dans le contexte socio-éducatif du Vietnam, ce travail cherche à répondre à deux questions suivantes : (i) Entre les deux groupes de facteurs pédagogiques et sociaux, lequel expliquerait le mieux le découragement de l’étudiant dans ses études ? (ii) Si ces deux groupes ont chacun des influences importantes, quels éléments de chaque groupe expliqueraient le mieux ce découragement ? Pour ce faire, nous effectuons 32 entretiens semi-directifs auprès des étudiants de 3e et de 4e année (Licence) en S.H.S et 6 auprès des enseignants. Les résultats de l’enquête, à travers l’analyse plutôt qualitative des données, montrent que les deux groupes de facteurs en question ont chacun des influences sur la démotivation de l’étudiant, et que les facteurs sociaux l’emportent légèrement sur les facteurs pédagogiques. Ces résultats identifient également huit éléments démotivants d’ordre pédagogique et social les plus puissants sur lesquels les analyses profondes menées permettent de conclure que le non-engagement de l’étudiant dans ses études est la conséquence inéluctable des erreurs systémiques gisant en profondeur de la gouvernance de l’éducation et de la société
This dissertation explores Vietnamese students’ motivation or engagement in their studies. Many university lecturers notice that initially a great proportion of students are active in their learning and achieve high results. However, their motivation dropped sharply over time, and the disengagement from learning increased gradually. According to the literature, a learner’s motivation is intrinsic, but it can be affected by a number of external factors. Situated within Vietnam’s socio-educational context, this dissertation answers the two following questions: (i) Between the two groups of pedagogical and social factors, which one can best explain students’ demotivation in their studies ?(ii) If both groups have significant influences, what factors in each group can cause students’ demotivation ? To answer the questions, 32 semi-structured interviews with third- and fourth- year students majoring in humanities and social sciences (Bachelor’s Degree) and 6 with lecturers were conducted. The results, mainly through the qualitative analysis of the collected data, showed that both aforementioned groups of factors affected students’ learning demotivation, with the social factors outweighing the pedagogical factors. The results also revealed eight pedagogical and social factors that contributed to causing learning demotivation the most. The results also indicated that students’ learning disengagement was an inevitable consequence of systematic errors having existed in educational and social management mechanism

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Fernerud, Unni, and Sofia Leksell. "Motivation till fysisk aktivitet och akademiska studier vid begränsad social kontakt." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172320.

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Social isolering förekommer i samhället ständigt och drabbar människan på olika sätt. Det kan orsaka ohälsosamma beteenden, depression och för tidig död. I och med coronaviruset Covid-19 har en stor del av Sveriges befolkning uppmuntrats begränsa graden av social kontakt. Social kontakt är viktigt för att bibehålla människans välmående och motivation. Brist på social kontakt kan leda till social isolering vilket har en negativ effekt på motivation till akademiska studier samt fysisk aktivitet. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur motivation till studier och fysisk aktivitet påverkas vid begränsad social kontakt. Dessutom skall faktorer som self-efficacy (tron på sin egen förmåga), autonomi, samhörighet och kompetens (SDT) verka som potentiella faktorer som möjligen influerar graden av motivation begränsad social kontakt. Urvalet bestod av 34 universitetsstudenter från Sverige. Data samlades in via enkäter vilka besvarades två gånger med 3 veckors mellanrum. Analys av data gjordes genom deskriptiv statistik, beroendet-test och ett oberoende t-test. Resultatet visade att studiemotivation signifikant försämrats under studiens gång. En icke-signifikant skillnad observerades i graden av motivation till fysisk aktivitet. Self-efficacy och SDT förklarade inte graden av motivation för studier eller fysisk aktivitet. De icke-signifikanta resultaten kan förklaras av begränsat och icke-representativt urval, hög grad av social kontakt hos deltagarna samt att de utfärdade restriktionerna delvis begränsar deltagarna.
Social isolation occurs in society and affects people in different ways. Social isolation could give rice to unhealthy behaviour, depression and premature death. Due to the spread of the Coronavirus, Covid-19, a great amount of the Swedish population has been encouraged to restrict their social interaction with other people. However, social interaction is of importance for the level of motivation and well-being that people experience. Limited social interacation can lead to social isolation which produces a negative effect on motivation towards education as well as towards physical activity. The objective with this research was to examine if students with limited social interaction experience a deficiency in motivation towards education and physical activity. To examine possible factors that could influence the degree of motivation this study used scales based on self-efficacy (one’s beliefs in one’s ability), autonomy, relatedness and competence (SDT). The selection was 34 university students from Sweden. Data was gathered with a survey that was distributed two times within a time frame of three weeks. The analysis of the data was computed through descriptive statistics, paired samples t-test and independent samples t-test. A statistical significance was found for motivation towards education. There were no significant results for motivation towards physical activity. Neither Self-efficacy or SDT explained the degree of motivation towards education or physical activity. The non-significant result could be explained by the non-representative and small sample size as well by the students' high amount of established social interaction. Sweden's issued restrictions could have affected the result as it only moderately limits students' social environment.

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Lai, Man-wai Conttia. "The influence of learner motivation on developing autonomous learning in an English-for-specific-purposes course." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38713615.

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Perlman, Matthew R. "The Impact of Collaborative Alliance Feedback and Autonomous Motivation in Psychotherapy for Depression Symptoms." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1483718918094171.

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Gulin, Povel, and Erik Nguyen. "Designförslag till digitala lärplattformar i syfte att att bidra till en känsla av autonomi." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-43881.

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Det är allt vanligare att personer använder sig av digitala lärplattformar för att lära sig nyafärdigheter. Lärplattformar gör det möjligt för personer att lära sig i sin egen takt och utan attbehöva infinna sig på en specifik plats vid specifika tillfällen, så länge denne har tillgång till endator och internetuppkoppling. Dessa digitala lärplattformar av typen Massive Open OnlineCourse eller MOOC har dock designats med ett linjärt upplägg i sin kursstruktur som inte tillåteranvändare att divergera från det utstakade spåret. Då det även rör sig om ett obegränsat antalanvändare som läser kurser i sin egen takt samtidigt så finns det heller inte möjlighet förinstruktörer att bidra med återkoppling eller hjälp när användare fastnar under kursens gång. Dettakan negativt påverka användarens motivation och leda till att kursen tar längre tid att läsa eller attanvändaren ger upp. Ett sätt att undvika detta är att lärplattformen och kurserna designas för attbidra till en känsla av inre motivation där man bryter den linjära strukturen genom att göraplattformen mer flexibel. Inre motivation handlar om att vara motiverad utifrån eget intresse, ochkan brytas ner till kategorierna autonomi, kompetens och gemenskap. Den här studien utfördesgenom en designorienterad forskningsansats där olika framtagna designelement sattes ihop i enprototyp för att se om de kunde bidra till en känsla av autonomi. Denna studie resulterade i olikadesignförslag för hur digitala lärplattformar kan designas för att bidra till en känsla av autonomi.
It’s becoming all the more common that people use digital learning platforms to learn new skills.Learning platforms makes it possible for people to learn at their own pace and without having tobe at a specific place at a specific time, as long as they have access to a computer and an internetconnection. These digital platforms called Massive Open Online Course or MOOC have beendesigned with a linear course structure that does not allow users to diverge from the establishedpath. Because there is an unlimited number of users taking courses at their own pace at the sametime it is impossible for instructors to provide feedback or help when users get stuck during thecourses. This can negatively affect the users motivation and result in increased time spent in thecourse or that the user gives up. One way to avoid this is to design the platform and the courses topromote intrinsic motivation by breaking the linear structure and make it more flexible. Intrinsicmotivation means that the person is motivated based on their interest, and can be broken down intothree categories: autonomy, competence and relatedness. This study was conducted using a designresearch approach where different design elements were assembled into a prototype to see if theycould contribute to a sense of autonomy. This study resulted in different proposed designguidelines for how digital learning platforms can be designed to promote autonomy.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Motivation autonomes'

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