Academic literature on the topic 'Motivation matrix'

The article considers approaches to the analysis of consumer motivation as a factor that affects on the model of consumer behavior. General scientific methods of cognition and special methods were used: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, grouping, a survey method for collecting primary data, methods of statistical analysis of the results obtained, a graphical method for visualizing the data obtained, a matrix method for assessing the source and reference point of motivation. The proposed methodological approach to the definition of consumer motivation as an internal factor of consumer behavior is described, which involves the determination of the importance of individual factors of motivation based on the respondents' indication of their priority; characteristics of these motives, taking into account the source of occurrence (external stimulus / internal motives) and the orientation of motivation (fears / striving for achievement); grouping of motivation factors by belonging to the source of motivation and its reference point in the form of the «Source-reference point of motivation» matrix, which provides for the determination of the total value of the frequency of mention; building the consumer's motivational field on the basis of the «Source-benchmark of motivation» matrix, which characterizes the key vector of consumer motivation and serves as a guide for business entities to develop a strategy for marketing activities in the market segment. Based on the proposed approach, an analysis of the motivation of school-age children in the market of food products and services was carried out on the results of the survey. Changes in the child’s motivation in the process of growing up have been proven. These results indicate that children weigh their desire to enjoy food with other values, often not understanding what they can oppose to their own desire to enjoy food. The priority vector of children psychological motivation direction is a reference to internal fears and their own desire for achievement. Based on the results of the research of children consumer behavior in the market of food and food services in educational institutions, a methodology for determining the key characteristics of consumer motivation in the consumer goods market by assessing the source and reference point of motivation and building a motivational field was substantiated. It is advisable to use the proposed methodological approach to characterize the motivation of individual segments of consumers in the consumer goods market in order to further planing the marketing activities of business entities.

In this paper we consider a matrix Hypergeometric differential equation, which are special matrix functions and solution of a specific second order linear differential equation. The aim of this work is to extend a well known theorem on Hypergeometric function in the complex plane to a matrix version, and we show that the asymptotic expansions of Hypergeometric function in the complex plane ” that are given in the literature are special members of our main result. Background and motivation are discussed.

Information technology is widely used in the educational process. To increase the motivation for learning, various methodical methods and means are used. The experience of using the "matrix" information system shows how interest appears to the learning process and all its participants: teachers and students. The article is of interest to all participants of the educational process.

This study aims to determine and clarify the effect of work environment and work motivation for workload and its implementation on employee performance. Respondents 67 employees (entire population). Data collection is done through interviews and questionnaires. Data were analyzed using path analysis (SmartPls 3.0 software) and correlation matrix between dimensions (SmartPls 3.0 software). The results showed that: (1) Work Environment and Motivation both partially and simultaneously affect Employee Performance; (2) Work environment, motivation and workload both partially and simultaneously affect employee performance; (3) Workload mediates the work environment and motivation on performance. Based on the analysis of the correlation matrix between dimensions, to improve the Work Environment, which has a positive correlation with Workload, it is recommended to maintain and improve the dimensions of Non-Physical Work Environment and also for employee performance also to improve the Physical Environment dimension. To increase motivation, which has a positive correlation with workload, it is recommended to maintain and improve hygiene. And for employee performance that is increasing the dimensions of intrinsic appreciation. To increase the workload that has a positive correlation with employee performance it is advisable to maintain and improve the dimensions of frustration

Forestry cannot be considered as a single commodity and research is not a homogeneous activity. Forestry and its research are carried out in various topics, stages and types, locations, institutions, ecological zones, and stage of country development. Excellence in research can apply to individual scientists, specialist groups, whole institutions, networks of institutions, and the managers of any of these.There is thus a multi-dimensional matrix within which to identify appropriate motivations for excellence. Research excellence itself may have different implications for scientists, science managers, and financiers and policy-makers. Motivating forces (incentives) are also varied but can be summarized simplistically as fame and fortune. However, other factors may be equally important to individuals (security, career structure, personnel policies, creative freedom, relevance of research not just fashionableness, resources, managerial methods and general working environment).The structure and composition of the International Union of Forestry Research Organizations (IUFRO) is described and a summary of Canadian activities in IUFRO is included.

The objective of the research is to find out the effect of supervision, motivation, andwork commitment to the employee performance at DirektoratJenderalBimbinganMasyarakat Islam Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia.Survey was applied in this study which data have been analyzed by path analysis after all variables put into correlation matrix and multiple regression. In this research, the employee have been chosen as a unit analysis and 150 samples selected randomly. The results of the study found that employee performance was directly influenced by supervision, motivation, and work commitment. And indirectly, employee performance is influenced by the supervisory variable and the motivation variable through work commitment, this shows that the commitment variable is not a good mediating variable. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the variation of Supervision, Motivation and Commitment each has an effect on employee performance, but the motivation variable is more dominant in influencing employee performance, for that it is suggested to the leadership element that to improve employee motivation performance becomes a benchmark in the success of organizational performance. . The objective of the research is to find out the effect of supervision, motivation, andwork commitment to the employee performance at DirektoratJenderalBimbinganMasyarakat Islam Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia.Survey was applied in this study which data have been analyzed by path analysis after all variables put into correlation matrix and multiple regression. In this research, the employee have been chosen as a unit analysis and 150 samples selected randomly. The results of the study found that employee performance was directly influenced by supervision, motivation, and work commitment. And indirectly, employee performance is influenced by the supervisory variable and the motivation variable through work commitment, this shows that the commitment variable is not a good mediating variable. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the variation of Supervision, Motivation and Commitment each has an effect on employee performance, but the motivation variable is more dominant in influencing employee performance, for that it is suggested to the leadership element that to improve employee motivation performance becomes a benchmark in the success of organizational performance.

The current study aimed to identify the relationship between the working memory and its tasks (Audio Numbers - Category Classification - Visual Matrix - Maps & Directions), and achievement motivation among academically outstanding students, the study sample consisted of 60 students (GPA= 4.5 and above), who were academically outstanding in the faculty of Education, the Majmaah University from different departments. By using Working Memory and Achievement motivation tests, the results were extracted by the SPSS program indicated: There is a positive statistically significant relationship at the level (0.05) between the achievement motivation and working memory tasks, and the presence of a positive statistically significant relationship at (0.001) level between achievement motivation and memory of maps and directions.

Manually reading, evaluating, and scoring motivation letters as part of the admissions process is a time-consuming and tedious task for Dalarna University's program managers. An automated scoring system would provide them with relief as well as the ability to make much faster decisions when selecting applicants for admission. The aim of this thesis was to analyse current human judgment and attempt to emulate it using machine learning techniques. We used various topic modelling methods, such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation and Non-Negative Matrix Factorization, to find the most interpretable topics, build a bridge between topics and human-defined factors, and finally evaluate model performance by predicting scoring values and finding accuracy using logistic regression, discriminant analysis, and other classification algorithms. Despite the fact that we were able to discover the meaning of almost all human factors on our own, the topic models' accuracy in predicting overall score was unexpectedly low. Setting a threshold on overall score to select applicants for admission yielded a good overall accuracy result, but did not yield a good consistent precision or recall score. During our investigation, we attempted to determine the possible causes of these unexpected results and discovered that not only is topic modelling limitation to blame, but human bias also plays a role.

L’onomatopée et l’interjection qui ont été étudiées de manière approfondie dans le domaine français dès le XVIIIe siècle n’ont fait l’objet que de quelques allusions dans la théorie grammaticale arabe traditionnelle. C’est ce vide que la présente thèse se propose de combler. Il s’agit d’une étude lexicale qui s’insère dans les recherches développant la théorie des matrices et des étymons (TME). Elle comprend deux grandes parties. La première se compose de deux chapitres. Le premier est consacré aux interjections (34 cas) et le second aux onomatopées proprement dites (18 cas). Dans ces deux chapitres, on procède à la manière de Guiraud (1967, chapitre III, « Structures onomatopéiques », ex. la racine T. K.). On extrait de l’interjection ou de l’onomatopée les deux consonnes qui les composent et on les considère comme un étymon dont on suit les diverses réalisations dans le lexique, en veillant toujours à la corrélation phono-sémantique. Il ressort de cette première partie que les racines (au sens traditionnel du terme) émanant d’étymons onomatopéiques sont près de neuf cents.Comme nous avons observé la présence du trait [+strident] dans un bon nombre de ces étymons, nous avons consacré la seconde partie à l’étude d’une nouvelle matrice qui se compose des traits [+strident] et [coronal], corrélés l’invariant notionnel « son, voix, bruit » et ses conséquences ,incluant la peur, le mouvement et ses diverses caractérisations. Cette matrice se réalise dans 69 étymons qui sont disposés par ordre alphabétique. Les réalisations de chaque étymon sont disposées en trois colonnes : le radical où l’étymon se réalise, la référence dans le tableau de l’organisation de l’invariant notionnel, le sens (tel qu’il est donné dans le Kazimirski).Il ressort de cette double étude qu’un immense pan du lexique de l’arabe est motivé, pourvu que l’on situe l’analyse au niveau des traits, la corrélation s’établissant entre le bruit et la définition même du trait de stridence, les sons stridents « se caractérisant acoustiquement par une plus grande quantité de bruit que leurs correspondants non-stridents » (Chomsky et Halle, 1968, p. 166)
Although onomatopoeia and interjections in French have been studied in depth since the 18th century, they have only been alluded to in traditional Arabic grammatical theory. This thesis is intended to remedy this situation with a lexical study applying the Theory of Matrices and Etymons (TME). The thesis is divided into two major sections, the first of which comprises two chapters. The first chapter deals with 34 interjections and the second 18 onomatopoeia. The approach adopted in these first two chapters is that of Guiraud (1967, chapter III devoted to onomatopoeic structures, e.g. the T. K. root). The interjections and onomatopoeia are extracted from the consonants which compose them; these consonants are considered as an etymon the various realisations of which are pursued in the lexicon with constant attention to the phono-semantic correlation. This first part shows that there are nearly nine hundred roots (in the traditional meaning of the term) arising out of the onomatopoeic etymons. Given the presence of the [+strident] feature in a large number of these etymons, the second part of this thesis is devoted to a new matrix comprising the correlated [+strident] and [coronal] features, the notional invariant "sound, voice, noise" and its consequences including fear, movement and its various characteristics. This matrix is realised in 69 etymons ordered alphabetically. The realisations of each etymon are given in three columns: the radical in which the etymon is realised; the reference in the organisational table of the notional invariant; the meaning (as given in Kazimirski).This double study reveals that - provided that the analysis is established at the phonetic feature level - an immense area of the Arabic lexicon is motivated, the correlation between the noise and the very definition of the feature of stridence and strident sounds: "Strident sounds are marked acoustically by greater noisiness than their nonstrident counterparts" (Chomsky et Halle, 1968, p. 329)

This report handles the creation of an access control map and the dening of asecurity policy for a healthcare communication system. An access control mapis a graphical way to describe the access controls of the subjects and objects ina system. We use a three step method to produce a graphical overview of theparts in the system, the interactions between them and the permissions of thesubjects. Regarding the security policy we create a read up and read down policylike the so called Ring policy, but adapt a write sideways approach. We alsoapply a mandatory access control which has a centralized authority that denesthe permissions of the subjects. Attribute restrictions is also included to thesecurity levels, to set an under limit for reading permissions.

The primary purpose of this thesis is to provide a better understanding of the motivations that lead companies to engage in CSR reporting practices and to explore how such practices differ among industries within Sweden. Furthermore, the study attempts to explain the phenomena from the perspective of stakeholder theory. To do so, the study adopts a semi-structured qualitative interview with four Swedish companies which are currently reporting CSR performance and four companies which are not reporting CSR performance in four industrial categories. The companies selected in the study were asked to explain what made them decide to issue CSR reports or do not.The results show that the most important motivating factors are increasing shareholder value and reputation management by means of CSR reporting. The motivations in CSR reporting of different industrial sectors in Sweden are found similar to the cases of the previous research except for environmentally-sensitive industry. When companies in this industry decide to start reporting they do so to be perceived as environmentally-responsible to a broad set of stakeholders. In the next step, companies recognize that it can be important to a more narrow range of stakeholders such as institutional investors.When applying a stakeholder strategy matrix, two industry groups − environmentally sensitive industry and corporate governance-issues-sensitive industry show that the practice of CSR reporting is to communicate with traditional stakeholders, specifically, the shareholders, not with multi-stakeholders. This means that motivations for companies to engage in CSR reporting are led by diversified interests of traditional stakeholders rather than diversified types of stakeholders (Freeman, 1984). On the other hand, the supply chain issues-sensitive industry employs CSR reports as a mean of defending potential risks so as to manage the relationship with multi-stakeholders. In an ethical issues-sensitive industry, a more important factor considers incorporating sustainability to be beneficial to business which indicates taking care of traditional stakeholders.

Die Bachelorarbeit dokumentiert die Entwicklung eines computerbasierten Lernangebots zum Thema „Gesundheitswesen in Deutschland“, welches als Untersuchungsmaterial in einer experimentellen Studie eingesetzt werden soll. Das Lernziel der Probanden ist, so viel wie möglich über Gesetze und Bestimmungen der Gesundheitsreform herauszufinden, um die Aufgabenbearbeitung und Lernzielerreichung erfolgreich zu absolvieren. Der erste Teil stellt die pädagogisch-psychologisch fundierte theoretische Konzeption eines computerbasierten Lernangebots dar. Dabei werden zunächst theoretische Grundlagen zum E-Learning, Instruktionsdesign, selbstgesteuerten Lernen und unterstützenden Lernaktivitäten gelegt. Danach erfolgt die Vorstellung von Lern- und Testaufgaben als eine Möglichkeit der Selbstregulation. Dabei wird besonders auf die formalen Aspekte von Aufgaben, das Generieren von Lehrzielen sowie die Konstruktion von fehlerbasiertem Feedback eingegangen. Im zweiten Teil erfolgt die darauf aufbauende praktische Umsetzung: Auf Basis des konzipierten Instruktionsdesigns erfolgt die Erarbeitung von Lernaktivitäten, welche von den Versuchspersonen zur Selbststeuerung ihrer Lernprozesse genutzt werden können. Dafür werden insbesondere Lernaufgaben zur fakultativen selbstständigen Wissensüberprüfung sowie Testaufgaben zur Erfassung des Wissenszuwachses konstruiert. Im Anhang sind die zum Thema „Gesundheitswesen in Deutschland“ entwickelten Lehrziele, konstruierten Aufgaben und dazugehöriges Feedback enthalten.

The microbrewery industry is the fastest growing industry in Sweden. In seven years, the industry has grown by 832 percent. The dramatic increase of microbreweries has led to a highly competitive business environment for these entrepreneurs. This calls for microbreweries to develop strategies for how to stand out in this increasingly competitive environment, i.e., create competitive advantages. However, previous studies have shown that craft entrepreneurs do not strive to achieve traditional economic objectives as the competitive strategy research field suggest that companies have. Hence, traditional competitive strategies may not be applicable for these entrepreneurs. The purpose of this study was therefore to develop an understanding how motivational factors affect craft entrepreneurs’ competitive strategy. To fulfill the purpose, we conducted a case study on microbrewers within the northern region of Sweden. We used a qualitative research methodology where we conducted semi-structured interviews. Seven microbreweries participated in the study. We found that craft entrepreneurs’ motivations for why they started and maintained their microbreweries were mainly because of their passion and interest for the craft and therefore this was their primary objective. However, they perceived profit as a necessity that would enable them to achieve their primary objective. Therefore, we found that these entrepreneurs have dual objectives. We also found that entrepreneurs’ motivations affected their competitive strategies. These entrepreneur’s dual objectives caused some dilemmas when the two objectives contrasted each other. We saw tendencies that this created tension among these entrepreneurs when they had to balance the two objectives of generating profit and achieving objectives related to their passion and interest for the craft. Further, we found that these tensions caused implications on the entrepreneurs’ perception of competitive strategy.  Their perception of competitive strategy differed from traditional theory in three areas. Firstly, they had a resistance to grow their businesses. Secondly, they had a resistance for product/market development. And lastly, they experienced a low level of ambiguity when competing and cooperating simultaneously. In this study, we have been able to deepen the knowledge of craft entrepreneurs and how their motivations affect their competitive strategy. This is a first step in developing an understanding of how additional objectives to profit can cause implications for competitiveness.

Is the control of de conclusions concerning the acts of the nullity courts in a system of freedom of evidence possible? This question arises because it is usually stated, that the audit of the quaestio facti made by judges that were not present in the oral trial is not possible, and because the liberty in emphasized,and not the subjection that, on the activity matter, must be made to the cannon of the general epistemology. Consequently, this investigation contemplates the improvement of the subjetive approach and the appel to the epistemological approach of the evaluative activity and its control, using the standard of proofing and justification of de decision, through the recourse of nullity, which also allows to perfectly meet the guarantee of the right to the recourse
Demostrar que es posible el control de las conclusiones probatorias por los tribunales de nulidad en un sistema de libertad de prueba es el objetivo central del trabajo. Se plantea la superación del enclave subjetivista y el recurso al enfoque epistemológico de la actividad valorativa y su control, recurriendo al estándar de prueba y la justificación de la decisión, por el cauce del recurso de nulidad, lo que permite cumplir con la garantía del derecho al recurso

[spa] En las últimas décadas el turismo se ha convertido en uno de los contribuyentes económicos más importantes a nivel mundial. El éxito se mide en función de su contribución al Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) de cada país, número de turistas que ingresan, disponibilidad de camas de hotel, promedio de ocupación y gasto diario del turista. De la mano de estos datos se formulan las estrategias de planificación y promoción de los diferentes destinos, dándole prioridad a los destinos más exitosos y segmentos más practicados. Poco espacio se ha dejado para visualizar al turismo como lo que es, un fenómeno humano que se ha mantenido a lo largo de la historia. Los cambios en la forma de viajar que dieron lugar al nacimiento del turismo como hoy se conoce se deben a cambios en la sociedad. En un inicio viajar respondía a las necesidades básicas del ser humano; posteriormente el motivo fue visitar santuarios dedicados a las representaciones religiosas más antiguas, motivación que se ha mantenido a lo largo del tiempo y cuyas variaciones han sido respuesta a la forma de cómo las personas y luego los turistas, perciben y practican su espiritualidad y religiosidad. Hoy día el turista viaja por una diversidad de motivos que van desde lo más tangible posible, como las compras y negocios, pasando por una presión social de estatus, hasta llegar a formas más intangibles como una peregrinación o un retiro espiritual holístico alrededor del mundo. La presente investigación parte de este segundo grupo de turistas. En la presente tesis se desarrolló inicialmente un análisis que integró a la antropología, la sociología, la geografía y la psicología, y se incluyó la religión y su vinculación con el turismo. Lo anterior permitió contar con una plataforma científica sólida que facilitó, a lo largo de la investigación, la comprensión del fenómeno turístico desde una perspectiva más completa y orientada al tema central de investigación. La tesis planteó al turismo espiritual como una manera de dar respuesta a este grupo de turistas que son producto de una sociedad de contrastes religiosos y que a su vez ha dado paso a una secularización. Para ello se propuso validar si los turistas de hoy en día buscan re-crearse, re-conectarse consigo mismos a través de viajar a lugares con alto valor espiritual, sean estos de base religiosa o no. Con el objetivo de validar las hipótesis y objetivos planteados se estableció una metodología aplicada a Guatemala, en donde se seleccionaron tres sujetos de estudio por su alto valor sagrado y por ser al mismo tiempo destinos turísticos consolidados. Los elementos que fueron evaluados a lo largo de la investigación y que forman parte del escenario del turismo espiritual fueron: las motivaciones que hacen que los turistas visiten este tipo de lugares; el paisaje como espacio geográfico sagrado; y el turismo de bienestar como una forma de turismo asociada al turismo espiritual. Se propuso una definición del turismo espiritual que integrara los elementos planteados en el trabajo de campo, así como lo encontrado en la revisión bibliográfica. Dado que la temática es innovadora, requerirá de futuras investigaciones que fortalezcan el concepto. La definición se creó a partir de lo recabado durante la investigación ya que dentro del escenario turístico se cuenta con definiciones claras tanto para turismo religioso como para turismo de bienestar. Tal y como se describió a lo largo de la investigación, el turismo espiritual y la práctica de encontrarse a sí mismo a través de los viajes no es un concepto definido. Algunos autores afirman que el turismo espiritual es el resultado de una sociedad secular que rechaza la postura religiosa, mientras que otros opinan lo contrario. Independientemente de si practican o no una religión en específico, de si cuentan con una espiritualidad holística o si simplemente son turistas con necesidad de conocer y experimentar, los turistas buscan estos espacios geográficos sagrados con el objetivo de re-encontrarse, lo cual validó la hipótesis principal de la investigación. Tal y como se planteó en su momento, la investigación promueve el análisis de los siguientes conceptos: conexión espiritual, conexión con la naturaleza, meditación, oración, encuentro consigo mismo, plenitud y atmosfera del lugar, constituyéndose estos en los nuevos motivantes de viaje para un grupo de turistas
[cat] Durant les darreres dècades, el turisme s’ha convertit en un dels components econòmics més importants a nivell mundial. El seu èxit es mesura en funció de la seva contribució al Producte Interior Brut (PIB) de cada país, el nombre de turistes que entren, disponibilitat de llits d’hotel, ocupació mitjana i despesa diària del turista. A partir d’aquestes dades es formulen les estratègies de planificació i promoció de les diferents destinacions, donant prioritat als destins més exitosos i segments més practicats. Poc espai ha quedat per visualitzar el trisme cm el que és, un fenomen humà que s’ha mantingut al llarg de la història. Els canvis en la forma de viatjar que originaren el turisme tal com el coneixem avui en dia, són deguts a canvis en la societat. A un inici, responia a les necessitats bàsiques del ser humà; posteriorment el motiu era visitar santuaris dedicats a les representacions religioses més antigues; de fet, aquest motiu s’ha conservat al llarg del temps, presentant variacions com a resposta a la forma com les persones, i desprès els turistes, perceben i practiquen la seva espiritualitat i religiositat. Avui en dia, el turista viatja per molts de motius, que van des de lo més tangible, com són les compres i negocis, passant per una pressió social que genera un “status”, fins arribar a la forma més intangible del viatge com pot ser un pelegrinatge o un retir espiritual holístic al voltant del món. La present recerca parteix d’aquest segon grup de turistes. Inicialment, desenvoluparem un anàlisi que integrà les ciències següents: antropologia, sociologia, geografia, psicologia, endemés d’incloure la religió i la seva vinculació amb el turisme. Fruit d’aquest anàlisi es va tenir una plataforma científica sòlida, que va facilitat al llarg de la recerca la comprensió del fenomen turístic des d’una perspectiva més completa i orientada al tema central de la recerca. La tesis va plantejar al turisme espiritual com una forma de donar resposta a aquests grups de turistes que són el producte d’una societat de contrastos religiosos i que, al mateix temps, ha donat pas a una secularització d’aquesta. . Per això la intenció fou validar si els turistes de l’actualitat cerquen re-crear-se o re-connectar-se amb ells mateixos, mitjançant el viatjar als llocs d’alt valor espiritual, siguin aquests de base religiosa o no. Amb l’objectiu de validar la hipòtesis i els objectius plantejats, s’establí una metodologia aplicada a Guatemala, país del qual es seleccionaren tres temes d’estudi, pel seu alt valor sagrat i per ser, al mateix temps, destinacions turístiques consolidades. Els elements que foren avaluats al llarg de la recerca i que formen part de l’escenari del turisme espiritual foren: les motivacions que permeten que els turistes visiten aquesta tipologia de destinacions; el paisatge com espai geogràfic sagrat, i el turisme del benestar com una forma de turisme associada al turisme espiritual. S’ha proposat una definició del turisme espiritual que integri els elements plantejats en el treball de camp, així com les coses descobertes en la revisió bibliogràfica. Donat que la temàtica és innovadora exigirà futures recerques que re-afirmin dit concepte. La definició es creà a partir de les informacions recollides durant la recerca, ja que en el camp del turisme es tenen definicions clares tant del turisme religiós com del turisme del benestar. Tal com hem descrit al llarg de la recerca, no hem trobat un concepte definit respecte al turisme espiritual i la pràctica de trobar-se amb un mateix mitjançant els viatges. Alguns autors afirmen que el turisme espiritual és el resultat d’una societat secularitzada que rebutja la postura religiosa, mentre que d’altres opinen el contrari. Els turistes cerquen aquests espais geogràfics sagrats, independentment de si practiquen o no una religió en concret, si tenen una religiositat holística o simplement són turistes que necessiten conèixer i experimentar, amb l’objectiu de retrobar-se, la qual cosa ha premés validar la hipòtesis principal de la recerca. Tal com es va plantejar al seu moment, la recerca promou l’anàlisi dels següents conceptes: connexió espiritual, connexió amb la natura, meditació, pregària, trobada amb si mateix, plenitud, i l’atmosfera del lloc. Sent aquests els nous motivadors del viatge per un grup de turistes
[eng] In recent decades, tourism has become one of the most important economic contribuitors worldwide. Success is measured in terms of its contribuition to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of each country, number of tourist entering, availability of hotel beds, average occupancy and daily tourist spending. Hand in hand with these data, the planning and promotion strategies of the different destinations are formulated giving priority to the most fated destinations and most practiced segments. Little space has been left to visualize tourism as what it is, a human phenomenon that has been maintained throughout history. The changes in the form of travel that gave rise to the birth of tourism as it is known today, is due to changes in society. In the beginning it responded to the basic needs of the human being; later the reason was to visit shrines dedicated to the oldest religious representations. In fact, this motive has been maintained over time presenting variations in response to the way of people, and then tourists, perceive and practice their spirituality and religiosity. Nowadays the tourist travels for a diversity of motives that go from the most tangible possible as they are shopping and businesses, going through a social pressure that generates status, until reaching the most intangible form of the trip as it can be a pilgrimage or an holistic retreat around the world. The present research is part of this second group of tourists. Initially, an analysis was developed in order to integrated the following sciences: Anthropology, Sociology, Geography, Psychology, as well as religion and its linkage with tourism. This allowed to have a solid scientific platform, which facilitated throughout the research the understanding of the tourist phenomenon from a more complete perspective and, oriented to the central topic of the thesis. The thesis raised spiritual tourism as a way to respond to this group of tourists who are the product of a society of religious contrasts and which in turn gave way to a secularization of it. To this end, it was proposed to validate whether today's tourists seek to re-create, re-connect with themselves, through traveling to places of high spiritual value, whether religiously based or not. In order to validate the hypothesis and objectives, a methodology was applied to Guatemala, a country where three study subjects were selected, for their high sacred value and for being consolidated tourist destinations at the same time. The elements that were evaluated throughout the research and that are part of the spiritual tourism scenario were: the motivations that make tourists visit these types of places; the landscape as a sacred geographical space; and wellness tourism as a form of tourism associated with spiritual tourism. A definition of spiritual tourism was proposed that would integrate the elements raised in the field work, as well as what was found in the bibliographical review. Given that the theme is innovative, it will require future research to support the strengthening of this concept. The definition was created from what was collected during the investigation, since within the tourist scenario there are clear definitions for both religious tourism and wellness tourism. As it was described throughout the investigation, what refers to spiritual tourism and the practice of finding oneself through travel is not a defined concept. It is affirmed by some authors that spiritual tourism is the result of a secular society that rejects the religious position, while others believe otherwise. Regardless of whether or not they practice a specific religion, or if they have a holistic spirituality or are simply tourists with a need to know and experience, tourists look for these sacred geographic spaces in order to re-encounter, which validated the main hypothesis of the investigation. As it was raised at the time, the research promotes the analysis of the following concepts: spiritual connection; connection with nature; meditation, prayer, encounter with oneself; plenitude and atmosphere of the place. Constituted these in the new motivators of travel for a group of tourists.

The main purpose of this report is to identify and describe the type of behaviors that should be promoted in a matrix organization. This report shows how the performance management system is a very important tool in promoting these behaviors. The report starts with an introduction to the relationship between the success of a matrix structure and the appropriate performance management system followed by the definition of important concepts in this topic. Next, the report provides general recommendations to the leaders of matrix organizations with respect their performance management system. Finally, a case study of a company with this type of structure is analyzed.
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At the core of working with people who experience mental illnesses is a collaboration in pursuit of helping them actualize their goals in work and love. Their recovery is therefore a unique process of personal development, with psychiatrists and other human services professionals practicing with recovery orientation. Specific skills, techniques, and services are identified as recovery oriented. In this chapter, through relating one person’s story, the reader can understand how recovery orientation becomes operational in a clearly systematic manner, using such techniques as motivational interviewing, shared decision-making, rehabilitative focus, person-centered treatment planning, and the use of peer supports. In this way, it is illustrated how recovery orientation is not only richly humanitarian but also evidence-based.

This chapter provides the mathematical definition of multilayer networks and it is of fundamental importance for the rest of the book. The mathematical definition of multilayer networks is given in full generality and subsequently applied to specific types of multilayer networks including multiplex networks, multi-slice networks and networks of networks, motivating the discussion with examples and applications. The fundamental terminology used in multilayer networks is here introduced, including replica nodes, supernetworks and the supra-adjacency matrix. Additionally, this chapter describes the most efficient way to store a multilayer network dataset using a Multilayer Network Edgelist. Although this chapter focuses mostly on a matrix formalism to describe multilayer networks, a paragraph is devoted to the tensorial formalism for studying multilayer networks.

Chapter 4 demonstrates that a systematic ambiguity within a domain may constitute a motivation in the emergence of a function. The functional domain discussed is the domain of reference. The systematic ambiguity at play is the coding of reference in clausal complements of verbs of saying. More specifically, the question is whether the participants in the complement clause are coreferential with the participant in the matrix clause or whether they are not coreferential. Some languages deploy pronouns in the complement clause to code disjoint reference and person, number, and gender agreement on the verb to code coreference (Polish). Other languages deploy pronouns in the complement clause to code coreference and nouns to code disjoint reference (English). The specific solution described in Chapter 4 are logophoric pronouns which code not only coreference with the subject of the matrix clause but also coreference with other arguments of the matrix clause. The Chapter describes how logophoric coding emerged from the de dicto reference markers.

This chapter looks at the issues surrounding how to encourage the generation and manage the use of innovation within the organizational environment of being a flat, matrix-shaped, international services contractor. The influence of organizational structure on communication and trust is examined in comparison to traditional hierarchical-shaped organizations. The importance of organizational strategy, particularly in terms of how that strategy is communicated and how to manage when events disrupt that strategy, are looked at in detail. Organizational culture can rest on some more heavily than on others; how those responsible for sustaining and promoting a culture of innovation can be supported is the next layer analysis. Finally the skill sets required of managers are considered along with issues of motivation, influence and handling indirect sources of innovation. Illustrations of the issues and some solutions in action are taken from the company Production Services Network, (PSN) to build a bridge between academic theory and practical application.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the Kirkpatrick Learning Evaluation Model (1950) can be augmented to make it more credible and successful evaluation parameter in the changing times. Since the advent of Information Technology industry the rigid structures of organizations are replaced by the Flat/Matrix structures, removing the bars of time and place. This paper is an attempt to include three gaps identified in the Kirkpatrick Model, Training motivation, Organization citizenship behaviour and the Assessment of both the individual and the Organization simultaneously. Through co-relation and regression analysis these gaps were tested on the data obtained from 461 employees. The data support the various relationships to be included in Kirkpatrick Model and it identifies that for an effective training program it's essential to perform both pre-training and post-training analysis using the four parameters of Kirkpatrick Model viz. Reaction (changed to Motivation), Learning, Behaviour (or Performance) and Results.

This paper presents a complex network and graph spectral approach to calculate the resiliency of complex engineered systems. Resiliency is a key driver in how systems are developed to operate in an unexpected operating environment, and how systems change and respond to the environments in which they operate. This paper deduces resiliency properties of complex engineered systems based on graph spectra calculated from their adjacency matrix representations, which describes the physical connections between components in a complex engineered systems. In conjunction with the adjacency matrix, the degree and Laplacian matrices also have eigenvalue and eigenspectrum properties that can be used to calculate the resiliency of the complex engineered system. One such property of the Laplacian matrix is the algebraic connectivity. The algebraic connectivity is defined as the second smallest eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix and is proven to be directly related to the resiliency of a complex network. Our motivation in the present work is to calculate the algebraic connectivity and other graph spectra properties to predict the resiliency of the system under design.

In this work a generalized hydrodynamic theory for the water flow into a mesoporous matrix from hydrophobized silica gel is suggested. Although we examine a fluid dynamics problem, i.e., the motion of the water-gas-solid contact line, motivation for such research derives from the investigation of a novel principle of mechanical energy dissipation, called colloidal damper. Similar to hydraulic damper, this absorber has a cylinder-piston structure, but oil is replaced by a colloid consisted of a mesoporous matrix and a lyophobic liquid. Here, the mesoporous matrix is from silica gel modified by linear chains of alkyldimethylchlorosilanes and water is the associated lyophobic liquid. Mainly, the colloidal damper energy loss can be explained by the dynamic contact angle hysteresis in advancing (liquid displaces gas) and receding (gas displaces liquid); such hysteresis occurs due to the geometrical and chemical heterogeneities of the solid surface. Measuring technique of the hysteresis loop is described. From experimental data one calculates the dissipated energy, damper efficiency and the damping coefficient versus the length of the grafted molecule on the silica gel surface. Experimental results are justified by the flow analysis. Generalized hydrodynamic theory means here that the basic structure of Navier-Stokes equations is kept, but in order to include the relation between macroscopic flow and molecular interactions, slip is allowed on the solid wall. Nano-pillar architecture of the silica gel hydrophobic coating is described. During adsorption, water penetrates the pore space by maintaining contact with the top of the coating molecules (region of -CH3 groups); after that, water is forced into and partially or totally fills the space between molecules (region of -CH2 groups); in such circumstances, at the release of the external pressure, desorption occurs. Mechanism of energy dissipation is discussed. Results obtained are useful for the appropriate design of the hydrophobic coating of a mesoporous matrix which is destined to colloidal damper use.

In this paper the application of the balanced Iterative Improved Reduction model techniques to complex rotor-bearing systems is investigated. It is demonstrated that, Iterative Improved Reduction System (IIRS) improves the matrix reductions by ensuring that the transformation matrix for each reduction is optimized. This reduction technique also benefices the problem due to skew symmetric matrices, which arises for inclusion of gyroscopic effect and internal damping. Numerical examples are solved to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the reduced order model in representing the dynamics of the actual rotor system. Under these conditions, the complex behaviour of the rotor-shaft is studied to get an insight of the dynamic characteristics of the system, in terms of Campbell Diagram, Decay rate plot and Unbalance Response. Many researchers adopted different methodology for obtaining the model reduction but their work is limited up to undamped system. This work is started by motivation of the absentia of work for damped rotor bearing system.

Lean gas turbine combustion instability and control is currently a subject of interest for many researchers. The motivation for running gas turbines lean is to reduce NOx emissions. For this reason gas turbine combustors are being design using the Lean Premixed Prevaporized (LPP) concept. In this concept, the liquid fuel must first be atomized, vaporized and thoroughly premixed with the oxidizer before it enters the combustion chamber. One problem that is associated with running gas turbines lean and premixed is that they are prone to combustion instability. The matrix burner test rig at the Institute of Steam and Gas Turbines at the RWTH Aachen University is no exception. This matrix burner is suitable for simulating the conditions prevailing in stationary gas turbines. Till now this burner could handle only gaseous fuel injection. It is important for gas turbines in operation to be able to handle both gaseous and liquid fuels though. This paper reports the modification of this test rig in order for it to be able to handle both gaseous and liquid primary fuels. Many design issues like the number and position of injectors, the spray angle, nozzle type, droplet size distribution, etc. were considered. Starting with the determination of the spray cone angle from measurements, CFD was used in the initial design to determine the optimum position and number of injectors from cold flow simulations. This was followed by hot flow simulations to determine the dynamic behavior of the flame first without any forcing at the air inlet and with forcing at the air inlet. The effect of the forcing on the atomization is determined and discussed.

In recent times, composite materials have gained mainstream acceptance as a structural material of choice due to their tailorability and improved thermal, specific strength/stiffness and durability performance [1–3]. For high temperature applications, which include exit nozzle for rockets, leading edge for missiles, nose cones, brake pads etc. Carbon-Carbon composites (C/C composite) are found suitable [4–6]. Mechanical property estimation of C/C composites is challenging due to their highly heterogeneous microstructure. The highly heterogeneous microstructure consists of woven C-fibers, C-matrix, irregularly shaped voids, cracks and other inclusions. Predicting the mechanical behavior of complex hierarchical materials like C/C composites is of interest which forms the motivation for the present work. A systematic study to predict the effective mechanical properties of C/C composite using numerical homogenization has been undertaken in this work. The Micro-Meso-Macro (MMM) principle of ensemble averages for estimating the effective properties of the composite has been adopted. The hierarchical length scales in C/C composites were identified as micro (single fiber with matrix), meso (fabric) and macro (laminate). Comparisons have been made with mechanical testing of C/C composites at different length scales.

Beyond the usual energy efficiency of buildings, industrial energy efficiency involves major politico-economical and environmental challenges, among which the emergence of eco-industrial parks and symbioses. Solving these challenges require reliable methodologies and tools. Having interviewed some major industrial energy stakeholders, it appeared that despite of their motivation, energy efficiency projects were not really successful because of the difficulty in identifying adequate simulation methodologies and/or tools. Moreover, in spite of multiple research projects in industrial energy efficiency, it seems that previous research works do not sufficiently support a systematic and integration view. In this paper, we propose a critical review and a categorization of energy efficiency research methodologies and tools. The analysis of these solutions results in the building of an inventory of more than 50 modeling and simulation software tools. Furthermore, a positing matrix is designed in order to map energy efficiency solutions according to identified granularity levels of industrial systems as well as their marketing maturity level.

Collagen is a structural protein responsible for the mechanical strength, stiffness and toughness of biological tissues like skin, tendon, bone, cornea, lung and vasculature. In the present study we considered the enlargement of the aneurysm as a consequence of a pathological degradation and synthesis of collagen, i.e. malfunction of collagen turn-over. Consequently, the vascular wall is modeled by an (inert) matrix material representing the elastin, which is reinforced by a dynamic structure of bundles of collagen. Specifically, collagen is formed by a continuous stress-mediated process: deposited in the current configuration and removed by a constant degradation rate. Finally the micro-plane concept is used for the Finite Element implementation of the constitutive law. The model proposed within this study has a strong biological motivation and is able to capture both non-linear mechanics of aortic tissue and saline feature of AAA growth. Besides that, the micro-plane approach allows a straight forward FE implementation and preliminary results indicate its numerical robustness.

Critical Parameter Management (CPM) is an emerging area in engineering design owing to the motivation from Design for Six Sigma. Introduced in this paper is the exploration of CPM to support rapid redesign of evolutionary products in the context of mass customization. Along this line, a model-based CPM method that utilizes and leverages matrix patterns to support rapid redesign is presented, discussed and illustrated through the use of a redesign example as a case study. In particular, proposed in this paper is the pattern-centric CPM approach to rapid redesign based on “case → scenario → pattern → strategy → roadmap” reasoning mechanism. The results show that the proposed method enables one to rapidly reconfigure or customize the existing design of a given model as well as the promising future of this emerging research. This work represents an extended effort to complement our ongoing research on developing decomposition-enabled techniques to support model-based rapid redesign.

The article deals with the mental-existential relationship between ethnoculture, national identity and media culture as a necessary factor for their preservation, transformation, on the example of national original algorithms, matrix models, taking into account global tendencies and Ukrainian archetypal-specific features in Ukraine. the media actively serve the domestic oligarchs in their information-virtual and real wars among themselves and the same expansive alien humanitarian acts by curtailing ethno-cultural programs-projects on national radio, on television, in the press, or offering the recipient instead of a pop pointer, without even communicating to the audience the information stipulated in the media laws − information support-protection-development of ethno-culture national product in the domestic and foreign/diaspora mass media, the support of ethnoculture by NGOs and the state institutions themselves. In the context of the study of the cultural national socio-humanitarian space, the article diagnoses and predicts the model of creating and preserving in it the dynamic equilibrium of the ethno-cultural space, in which the nation must remember the struggle for access to information and its primary sources both as an individual and the state as a whole, culture the transfer of information, which in the process of globalization is becoming a paramount commodity, an egregore, and in the post-traumatic, interrupted-compensatory cultural-information space close rehabilitation mechanisms for national identity to become a real factor in strengthening the state − and vice versa in the context of adequate laws («Law about press and other mass media», Law «About printed media (press) in Ukraine», Law «About Information», «Law about Languages», etc.) and their actual effect in creating motivational mechanisms for preserving/protecting the Ukrainian language, as one of the main identifiers of national identity, information support for its expansion as labels cultural and geostrategic areas.