Journal articles: 'Motor development, Children'

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Aylward, R. "Motor Development in Children." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 58, no. 6 (June 1, 1995): 767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.58.6.767-a.

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Scher, Mark S. "Motor development in children." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control 97, no. 5 (October 1995): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-980x(95)80003-4.

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Batiyrovna, Mamatova Madina. "Preschool Age Children’s Fine Motor Skills Development." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 03, no. 04 (April 30, 2021): 516–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume03issue04-83.

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Hynes-Dusel, Joanne. "Motor Development in Elementary Children." Strategies 15, no. 3 (January 2002): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08924562.2002.10591541.

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Goynazarov, Gayratjon. "DEVELOPMENT OF MOVEMENT QUALITIES IN CHILDREN." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 02, no. 04 (April 1, 2022): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-02-04-10.

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The higher the intergenerational transmission of the signs of movement knowledge, the higher the advantage of the individual in realizing his motor potential in the context of specialized exercises. A young athlete may not be able to compensate for his or her genotypically limited capabilities under the same conditions or even after intense exercise with moderate hereditary performance and may not achieve great results in sports, but may show great ability in other areas of activity.

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Honrubia-Montesinos, Cristina, Pedro Gil-Madrona, and Luisa Losada-Puente. "Motor Development among Spanish Preschool Children." Children 8, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8010041.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze motor development of Spanish preschoolers, taking into account sex and age, being an only child, prematurity, and the practice of extracurricular activities. The sample was composed of 300 preschoolers (132 girls, 168 boys) ages 3 to 6 years. Preschoolers were tested on 12 fundamental motor skills (locomotor and object control) through the Test of Gross Motor Development—Second Edition (TGMD-2). Nonparametric analysis indicated that there are differences between girls and boys in locomotor and object control skills in the age range of 3–4 years. However, boys and girls scored similarly at the age of 5 years in locomotor development. There were not differences between only children and those who are not only children. Similarly, prematurity was not associated with locomotor and object control development. Nevertheless, those preschoolers who practice extracurricular physical activities scored significantly higher in comparison with those children do not. Further research is needed to shed light on the differences between boys and girls in object control. It may be explained by the types of extracurricular activities.

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Iloeje, S. O., V. U. Obiekwe, and W. N. Kaine. "Gross motor development of Nigerian children." Annals of Tropical Paediatrics 11, no. 1 (January 1991): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724936.1991.11747475.

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Hallemans, Ann. "Motor development in visually impaired children." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 58, no. 2 (August 17, 2015): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.12860.

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Levtzion-Korach, O., A. Tennenbaum, R. Schnitzer, and A. Ornoy. "Early motor development of blind children." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 36, no. 3 (June 9, 2000): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1754.2000.00501.x.

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Ольга, Парфентьева, Бондарева Эльвира, Макарова Людмила, Параничева Татьяна, and Сонькин Валентин. "ФАКТОРЫ, ВЛИЯЮЩИЕ НА МОТОРНОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ДЕТЕЙ 5 — 10 ЛЕТ." Российский журнал физической антропологии, no. 1 (March 23, 2022): 7–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2782-5000/2022-1-1/7-34.

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The present study aimed to evaluate the contribution of ecological, geo-graphical and socio-economic factors to variation of physical and motor skills development of 3700 children from 5 regions of Russian Federation. Physi-cal development (weight and height) were assessed. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Motor development was assessed using the standing long jump test, 30 m sprint test, 6 minute run test. The physical and motor skills development was measured using absolute and relative (scaling to height) ap-proaches. It was shown that gender and age affected relative values of motor development. The contribution of the ecological, geographical and socio-eco-nomic factors to variation of physical and motor development was limited to 8-10%, highlighting, on the one hand, the sensitivity of physical and mo-tor development of children aged 5-10 years to such factors, and, on the oth-er hand, the small contribution to physical development and health of children.Unrecorded factors such as genetic factors and teaching models in physical edu-cation in kindergartens and primary schools as well as its multiple interactions might have a higher contribution (more than 90% of the total variance of studied parameters). Body mass index as indicator of metabolic status was one of the important factors which affected motor development. Despite the significant regional dif-ferences, the patterns of age dynamics of physical and motor skill development were similar that indicates the biosocial well-being of the studied populations.

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Nakamura, Yasuhide, and Masroel Siregar. "Motor Development in Malnourished Children in Indonesia." Paediatrica Indonesiana 38, no. 1-2 (July 11, 2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi38.1-2.1998.29-37.

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Severe protein-energy malnutrition during infancy is closely related to physical growth and mental development. Very few reports mention the effects on motor development of mildly to moderately malnourished infants. Our study was conducted to clarify the relationship between malnutrition and motor development during infancy. We examined 1,065 children at Posyandu (Integrated Service Posts) in North Sumatera, Indonesia. Motor development, such as sitting and walking, was significantly more delayed in malnourished children than in well-nourished children. Parachute reaction showed no significant differences between well-nourished and malnourished children. Parachute reaction is a very simple technique and can differentiate between children with cerebral-palsy and malnourished children unable to walk. It might be one of the most appropriate technologies for use at the primary care level.

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Taştepe, Taşkın, and Aysel Köksal Akyol. "A study on the effect of motor development support program conducted on 36-47 month children and mothers on the motor development of children." Erken Çocukluk Çalışmaları Dergisi 4, no. 3 (October 31, 2020): 858–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24130/eccd-jecs.1967202043274.

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Iuzzini-Seigel, Jenya, Tiffany P. Hogan, Panying Rong, and Jordan R. Green. "Longitudinal Development of Speech Motor Control: Motor and Linguistic Factors." Journal of Motor Learning and Development 3, no. 1 (June 2015): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2014-0054.

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Lip shape in adult talkers is primarily driven by vertical opening; however, little is known about how children converge on this highly organized and efficient lip shape pattern. This longitudinal study investigated the development of lip shape control and its relation to speech and vocabulary acquisition in 28 typically developing children between 3 months and 5 years of age. Results suggested that during infancy lip shape was characterized by horizontal spreading of the lips, but that the contribution of vertical opening increased nonmonotonically over time. This change co-occurred with gains in expressive communication. These data suggest that lip shape may represent an important marker of normal oromotor development. Future work is required to determine the functional significance of the observed changes in lip shape control for identifying children at risk for speech and language impairments.

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Sretenović, Ivana, and Goran Nedović. "MOTOR DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT." Journal Human Research in Rehabilitation 9, no. 1 (April 2019): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21554/hrr.041904.

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The aim of this study was to determine the level of motor development of children with visual impairment and comparison with peers of typical development. The research sample consisted of a total of 135 children with visual impairment and children with typical development, 7-10 years old, of both sexes. The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd edition was used to estimate motor development. The methods of descriptive statistics, as well as the T-test of independent samples, and the Hi square test were used in statistical processing of the obtained data. The results of the study had shown that the level of motor development of the subjects with visual impairment was below and well below the average for their age. Typical development subjects are mostly within the average norms

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Verheyen, Karen, Evi Verbecque, Berten Ceulemans, An‐Sofie Schoonjans, Patricia Van De Walle, and Ann Hallemans. "Motor development in children with Dravet syndrome." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 61, no. 8 (January 15, 2019): 950–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.14147.

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Caeyenberghs, Karen, Jenny Tsoupas, Peter H. Wilson, and Bouwien C. M. Smits-Engelsman. "Motor Imagery Development in Primary School Children." Developmental Neuropsychology 34, no. 1 (January 8, 2009): 103–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/87565640802499183.

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Kuhtz-Buschbeck, J. P., A. Boczek-Funcke, M. Illert, K. Joehnk, and H. Stolze. "Prehension movements and motor development in children." Experimental Brain Research 128, no. 1-2 (September 3, 1999): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050818.

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Sellers, Jeanne Shanks, and Rebecca L. Robinson. "Motor Development Program for School-Aged Children." Pediatric Physical Therapy 7, no. 4 (1995): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001577-199500740-00018.

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Favazza, Paddy C., Gary N. Siperstein, Susan A. Zeisel, Samuel L. Odom, John H. Sideris, and Andrew L. Moskowitz. "Young Athletes Program: Impact on Motor Development." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 30, no. 3 (July 2013): 235–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.30.3.235.

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This study examined the effectiveness of the Young Athletes program to promote motor development in preschool-aged children with disabilities. In the study, 233 children were randomly assigned to a control group or the Young Athletes (YA) intervention group which consisted of 24 motor skill lessons delivered 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) showed that children who participated in the YA intervention exhibited mean gains of 7–9 months on the Peabody Developmental Motor Subscales (PDMS) compared with mean gains of 3–5 months for the control group. Children in the YA intervention also exhibited significant gains on the gross motor subscale of the Vineland Teacher Rating Form (VTRF). Teachers and parents reported benefits for children not only in specific motor skills, but also kindergarten readiness skills and social/play skills. The necessity for direct and intentional instruction of motor skills, as well as the challenges of involving families in the YA program, are discussed.

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Costa, Wilson Geraldo Martins, Leonardo Tavares Martins, and Ivan Wallan Tertuliano. "Desenvolvimento motor de crianças de 7 a 10 anos de idade: uma revisão de literatura." Caderno de Educação Física e Esporte 18, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36453/2318-5104.2020.v18.n1.p29.

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OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi organizar artigos que utilizaram da Escala de Desenvolvimento Motor (EDM) para avaliação motora em crianças de 7 a 10 anos de idade, com o intuito de compreender os níveis de desenvolvimento motor dessas crianças. MÉTODOS: Para isso, utilizou-se de um estudo de revisão bibliográfica, buscando-se referenciais teóricos via buscadores eletrônicos: Google acadêmico, Periódicos Capes e Scielo. Os referenciais teóricos utilizados compreenderam o período de 2012 a 2018. RESULTADOS: Na organização dos conteúdos (referenciais teóricos), pode-se observar que a prática de atividades físicas estruturadas promovem um melhor desenvolvimento motor; crianças de escolas públicas e privadas não apresentam diferenças de níveis de desenvolvimento motor; não existem diferenças de desenvolvimento motor entre crianças de área urbana e área rural; crianças com baixo desenvolvimento motor apresentam baixo desempenho na escola; a atividade física pode influenciar, de forma positiva, o desenvolvimento motor das crianças com idade entre 07 e 10 anos, desde que seja realizada de forma organizada e sistematizada. CONCLUSÃO: Diante dos apontamentos, pode-se assumir que existe relevância na prática da atividade física para o desenvolvimento motor das crianças com idade entre 07 e 10 anos e que a maior parte das crianças entre 07 e 10 anos apresentam índices normais de desenvolvimento motor. ABSTRACT. Motor development of children 7 to 10 years: a literature review. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to organize articles that used the Motor Development Scale (MDS) for motor evaluation in children from 7 to 10 years old, in order to understand the motor development levels of these children. METHODS: For this, we used a literature review study, seeking theoretical references via electronic search engines: Google academic, Capes and Scielo journals. The theoretical references used comprised the period from 2012 to 2018. RESULTS: In the organization of the contents (theoretical frameworks), it can be observed that the practice of physical activity and sports promote better motor development; children from public and private schools show no differences in motor development levels; There are no differences in motor development between urban and rural children; children with low motor development present poor performance in school; Physical activity can positively influence the motor development of children aged 7 to 10 years, provided it is performed in an organized and systematic manner. CONCLUSION: Given the notes, it can be assumed that there is relevance in the practice of physical activity for motor development of children aged 7 to 10 years and that most children between 7 and 10 years have normal rates of motor development.

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Benda, Rodolfo N., Nádia F. S. Marinho, Marcelo G. Duarte, Patrick C. Ribeiro-Silva, Paloma R. Ortigas, Camila F. Machado, and Thábata V. B. Gomes. "A brief review on motor development: fundamental motor skills as a basis for motor skill learning." Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior 15, no. 5 (December 1, 2021): 342–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20338/bjmb.v15i5.257.

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In this study, we review the relationship between motor development and motor learning, and present a new metaphor that represents the sequence of motor development, which highlights fundamental motor skills as an important phase in the process. As one of the most relevant phases of motor development, several studies that analyzed fundamental motor skills were reviewed in typical developing children as well as in children with disabilities. Most studies revealed motor performance levels below expected since proficiency was not observed. We discuss these results considering fundamental motor skills as essential for the motor development process. Such results raise the awareness of the need to offer children conditions to explore and experience motor activities in order to enhance motor competence.

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Setiani, Riris Eka. "Memahami Pola Perkembangan Motorik Pada Anak Usia Dini." INSANIA : Jurnal Pemikiran Alternatif Kependidikan 18, no. 3 (December 15, 2013): 455–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/insania.v18i3.1472.

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Abstract: Golden period, a phase which is essential for the growth and development of children. Not all parents and teachers have been comprehensively understand the importance of the golden period of development at an early age. As an important future, past all the potential sensitivity of children to thrive. Therefore, it would need to support an environment conducive to the development potential of children. Developments that first occurred in children are physical-motor development, motor development of the child within the meaning along with physical growth. Infants and children develop the skills of rolling, sitting, standing, and other motor skills in a fixed order and according to the specified time range. It is very important to be known by the parents and other educators. This discussion approach life. Motor skills are not developed an ability for granted, but rather through a process of learning and practice. Have motor development principles in its development so that there is a logical consequence of the development of such skills as motor development in childhood has a function and hazard category in its development that may result in physical or psychological harm. Understand it to be a necessity in order to avoid delays in the development of early childhood motor skills. Keywords: development, motor, child.

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Cardoso, Ana Amélia, Livia Castro Magalhães, and Marcia Bastos Rezende. "Motor Skills in Brazilian Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder versus Children with Motor Typical Development." Occupational Therapy International 21, no. 4 (October 18, 2014): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oti.1376.

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Siregar, Gurnal Rai Gandra, Munar Lubis, and Isti Ilmiati Fujiati. "Correlation between Breastfeeding Duration and Motor Development in Children." Sumatera Medical Journal 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/sumej.v1i1.440.

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World Health Organization (WHO) recommends to continue breastfeeding until two years of age. There are few studies assessing the correlation between breastfeeding duration and motor development. A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2016 in Muara Batang Gadis District. The sample were children 3-6 years of age. Breastfeeding duration was obtained by interview, and motor development was assessed using Denver Developmental Screening Test II. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the correlation between breastfeeding duration and motor development, with P-value <0.05 and 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Among 204 children, 5.4% had the fine motor delay, and 1% had the gross motor delay. Children with breastfeeding duration for at least for two years had better fine motor development compared to breastfeeding duration for less than two years (P<0.001, PR=1.139, 95% CI=1.055-1.231) and there is no difference in gross motor development (P=0.193, PR=1.023, 95% CI=0.991-1.055). There is a correlation between breastfeeding duration and fine motor development.

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Bouchard, Danielle, and Sylvie Tétreault. "The Motor Development of Sighted Children and Children with Moderate Low Vision Aged 8–13." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 94, no. 9 (September 2000): 564–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x0009400903.

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A study of the motor skills of 60 children aged 8–13—30 who were sighted and 30 who had moderate low vision—found that the children with low vision had poorer motor skills than did the children who were sighted. Furthermore, the children with low vision had weaker gross motor skills, especially balance, than fine motor skills. Implications for intervention are discussed.

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Ribeiro, Maysa Ferreira Martins, Karla Beatriz Presto de Queiróz, and Cejane Oliveira Martins Prudente. "Motor development of children exposed to the zika virus: systematic reviews." Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 22, no. 4 (December 2022): 739–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9304202200040002.

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Abstract Objectives: to describe the motor development, in the first two years of life, of children with evidence of congenital Zika virus syndrome (CZS) at birth and of children exposed to the Zika virus (ZIKV) during pregnancy, but without evidence of CZS. Methods: systematic review, according to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). The search took place in the VHL/LILACS interface and BIREME/ PubMed interface databases until March 2020. Two researchers analyzed the quality of the studies using the Johanna Briggs Institute methodology. Results: 21 articles were selected. Children with CZS have severe impairment of motor functions and a high prevalence of spastic cerebral palsy. At two years of life, most reached only early levels of motor development; with impaired vision, hearing, language, cognition, behavior, and social interaction. On the other hand, children exposed to ZIKV, but without evidence of CZS, are at lower risk, about 20% have late manifestations of delay and/or neurodevelopmental disorder. Variables associated with greater motor impairment are early maternal infection, preterm birth, lower head circumference, abnormal imaging, use of anticonvulsant, increasing age, arthrogryposis, epilepsy, deficits in vision, language, cognition, and lower income. Conclusion: Most children with CZS show severe motor impairment; a small part of those exposed to ZIKV, without evidence of the syndrome at birth, have alteration in neurodevelopment. Those children should be followed in the long-term, since some manifestations may occur belatedly.

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Therme, Pierre. "Development of Complex Motor Skills in Psychotic Children." Perceptual and Motor Skills 75, no. 3_suppl (December 1992): 1043–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1992.75.3f.1043.

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This article describes the study of the concurrent complex mechanisms which take place during behavioral changes in psychotic children and adolescents when they are asked to learn a motor task, in this case, to practise the sport of judo. Complex motor skills can be acquired by the psychotic subject insofar as the proposed physical activity is isomorphous with the psychosis. The different stages of development are marked by different levels structuring interpersonal space. The examination treats the linking processes between psychic mechanisms and motor behavior from a developmental perspective.

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Fraga-Sousa, Grazielle Aurelina, Maria Clara Rangel Rodrigues, Marjorie Graziolli Pereira, Tatiana Santos Arruda, and Regina Célia Turolla de Souza. "Motor performance of HIV-positive children." Fisioterapia em Movimento 29, no. 1 (March 2016): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-5150.029.001.ao06.

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Abstract Introduction: Evidence indicates that HIV-positive children have a lower motor performance compared to uninfected children. The analysis of the factors that determine these changes is very important for the implementation of rehabilitation strategies. Objective: To analyze the motor development of seropositive children and compare it to the performance of healthy children with normal neuropsycomotor development. Materials and Methods: Eight children were evaluated, aged between four and six years, divided into two groups: Group I (n = 4) composed of HIV-positive children without any secondary disease and Group II (n = 4) composed of healthy children, matched to Group I by sex and age. The Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS-2) for gross motor function and fine motor function were used to evaluate motor performance. Results: In both groups, most of the children presented an average or above average motor performance, according to normal data of PDMS-2. The analysis indicated no inter-group differences in the gross scores (p > 0,05, Mann-Whitney test) or motor quotients (p> 0.05, Mann-Whitney test). However, intra-group analysis indicated a marginally significant difference between motor quotients (p = 0,07, Wilcoxon test), with higher fine motor quotient in both groups. Conclusion: The data suggest no significant difference between the motor performance of HIV-positive children and healthy children. These results contribute to the analysis of motor development of HIV-positive children, raising questions about factors that may influence the motor development of these children.

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Triharini, Mira, Retnayu Pradanie, and Dwiyanti Permata Sari. "Motoric Stimulation Related to Fine Motoric Development on Child." Jurnal Ners 4, no. 1 (July 23, 2017): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v4i1.5014.

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Introduction: Motor developmental stimulation is an activity undertaken to stimulate the children basic skills and so they can grow and develop optimally. Children who obtain a direct stimulus will grow faster than who get less stimulus. Mother’s behavior of stimulation is very important for children, it is considering as the basic needs of children and it must be fulfilled. Providing good stimulation could optimize fine motor development in children. The purpose of this study was to analyze mother’s behavior about motor stimulation with fine motor development in toddler age 4-5 years old.Method: Design have been used in this study was cross sectional. Population were mothers and their toddler in Group A of Dharma Wanita Persatuan Driyorejo Gresik Preschool. Sample were 51 respondents recruited by using purposive sampling technique according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The independent variable was mother’s behavior about motor stimulation whereas dependent variable was fine motor development in toddler. The data were collected using questionnaire and conducting observation on fine motor development based on Denver Development Screening Test (DDST). Data then analyzed using Spearman Rho (r) test to find relation between mother’s behaviors about stimulation motor on their toddler fine motor development.Result: Results of this study showed that there were correlations between mother’s knowledge and fine motor development in toddler (p=0.000), between mother’s attitude and fine motor development in toddler (p=0.000), and between mother’s actions and fine motor development in toddler (p=0.000).Conclusion: In sort study found that there were relation between fine motor development and mother’s behavior. Discussion: Therefore mother’s behavior needed to be improved. Further research about stimulation motor and fine motor development aspects in toddler is required.

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De Souza, Gabriela Vieira Germano, Janaine Brandão Lage, and Elaine Leonezi Guimarães. "Motor development analysis of three-year-old children born preterm through the Motor Development Scale - Case Report." Journal of Human Growth and Development 29, no. 1 (May 6, 2019): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.140229.

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Introduction: Prematurity and low birth weight are conditions that may compromise the normal development of a child at different stages of development. Considering that these conditions may cause delay in the acquisition of motor skills, it is important to evaluate, detect and prevent possible changes in motor development. Objective: To investigate the influence of prematurity and low birth weight on the motor development of children of three years old relating chronological age to general motor age. Methods: This is an analysis of five cases of preterm children 32.1 (± 1.82) weeks and underweight 1704 (± 384.41) grams, mean chronological age of 43.2 (± 2.59) months, evaluated through the Motor Development Scale (MDS) in the Laboratory of Electromyography and Kinematics (LAELCIN) of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), considering general motor age (GMA) and chronological age (CA) as variables. Case: The five preterm and low birth weight children presented a difference between the mean general motor age (37.6 ± 7.40) months and the mean chronological age (43.2 ± 2.59) months, indicating delayed motor development. Conclusion: It was observed the absence of linearity of the variables, indicating delay in the motor development, thus justifying the necessity and importance of the longitudinal monitoring of this population for early detection and intervention.

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Achilova, Sevara. "THE ROLE OF THE MOTOR ANALYZER IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPEECH ACTIVITY IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 02, no. 09 (September 1, 2022): 09–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-02-09-03.

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Zaichkowsky, Leonard D., and Gerald A. Larson. "Physical, Motor, and Fitness Development in Children and Adolescents." Journal of Education 177, no. 2 (April 1995): 55–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002205749517700205.

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The purpose of this paper is to help fill the void that exists in the teacher preparation literature on the topic of physical, motor, and fitness development of children and adolescents. The first section describes important physical and motor development characteristics of children from early childhood to adolescence. Theories of motor skill development are then discussed, followed by practical applications for parents and teachers. The final section treats the problem of declining fitness levels in children and concludes with recommendations for improving physical fitness in school-age children.

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Koriakina, Maria, Olga Agranovich, Ekaterina Petrova, Dzerassa Kadieva, Grigory Kopytin, Evgenia Ermolovich, Olesya Moiseenko, et al. "Aberrant Auditory and Visual Memory Development of Children with Upper Limb Motor Disorders." Brain Sciences 11, no. 12 (December 15, 2021): 1650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11121650.

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The current study aimed to compare differences in the cognitive development of children with and without upper limb motor disorders. The study involved 89 children from 3 to 15 years old; 57 children with similar upper limb motor disorders and 32 healthy children. Our results showed that motor disorders could impair cognitive functions, especially memory. In particular, we found that children between 8 and 11 years old with upper limb disorders differed significantly from their healthy peers in both auditory and visual memory scales. These results can be explained by the fact that the development of cognitive functions depends on the normal development of motor skills, and the developmental delay of motor skills affects cognitive functions. Correlation analysis did not reveal any significant relationship between other cognitive functions (attention, thinking, intelligence) and motor function. Altogether, these findings point to the need to adapt general habilitation programs for children with motor disorders, considering the cognitive impairment during their development. The evaluation of children with motor impairment is often limited to their motor dysfunction, leaving their cognitive development neglected. The current study showed the importance of cognitive issues for these children. Moreover, early intervention, particularly focused on memory, can prevent some of the accompanying difficulties in learning and daily life functioning of children with movement disorders.

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Butko, G. A., O. V. Suvorova, and S. N. Sorokoumova. "Studying the motor sphere of preschool children with mental development delay." Vestnik of Minin University 7, no. 3 (August 10, 2019): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.26795/2307-1281-2019-7-3-6.

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Introduction: the article is devoted to the study of the motor sphere of preschoolers with mental retardation. The issues of complex diagnostics of physical development, motility and psychomotor children of children with mental retardation in comparison with their normally developing peers are considered. Disorders of motor development of preschool children with mental retardation are not clearly expressed, but, to a large extent, are the cause of their lag in cognitive, verbal, and social development. Special motor disorders of these children are most often the result of early intrauterine minimal organic lesions of the central nervous system. In the early stages of development of such children, disorders of muscle tone are observed, pathological tonic reflexes take place, all stages of motor development in infancy are delayed evenly. The combination of these three components results in special disturbances, which are characterized as motor ones. In children with minimal organic pathology, quite often, especially in children with mental retardation, the frontal brain regions are formed very slowly, namely, they are responsible for creating an action program and monitoring it. n this case, the child is not able to build a scheme of the motor act, does not understand what should be the movement. The reason for the difficulties in this case is not a violation of muscle tone, but a disturbance in the cerebral cortex: the child does not understand how to perform the action. In this case, there is a psychomotor disorder. These two groups of motor disorders in children with mental retardation determine the two systems of work to overcome them. There is a third group of disorders - a mixed form, when a child has both motor and psychomotor disorders. The direction of work to overcome motor disorders in children with mental retardation will depend on the nature of the disorders: motor, psychomotor, and mixed. Thus, motor developmental disorders of children with mental retardation may have a different nature, it is necessary to carefully study the characteristics of the motor sphere of these children and implement a differentiated approach to overcoming its disadvantages.Results of the research: the article presents the results of the study of the motor and psychomotor functions of preschoolers with mental retardation, indicators of their health and physical development. A comparative experimental study of the characteristics of the motor sphere of preschoolers with mental retardation and their peers who attend mass groups of the kindergarten allowed to draw some conclusions about the specific shortcomings of the motor development of children with mental retardation. Most children with mental retardation have quite serious impairments in their state of health, are lagging in physical development: they have disproportions in their height and weight, reduced muscle strength in their hands, and insufficient lung capacity. Motor skills do not meet age norms: speed and power characteristics of movements, dexterity and coordination abilities are most reduced. Indicators of psychomotor development, especially the dynamic and spatial organization of movements, are lower than those of peers who attend mass groups in kindergarten. These deficiencies are the result of early organic damage to the central nervous system or its functional immaturity. As a result of studying the state of motor skills of children according to N.I. Ozeretsky revealed some important facts: when performing certain tests (for simultaneity of movements, speed of movements, dynamic coordination of movements) and children with mental retardation, and children from large groups showed equally poor results. This indicates a general trend of deterioration of the motor development of modern children, especially those living in the megalopolis. As part of the neuropsychological research, three groups of children with mental retardation in terms of the development of movements and actions were identified, which can serve as the basis for the implementation of a differentiated approach during remedial work. The application of the method of age cuts allowed to conclude that there is a certain positive age dynamics in the formation of motor and psychomotor children with mental retardation, but there is a difference in the sensitive periods of motor skills formation in children with mental retardation and children with normal development. If in normally developing children, at the age of five, the basic motor skills are practically formed, then in children with mental retardation they are formed only by six to seven years and later.Discussion and conclusions: the article proposed a diagnostic program for studying the characteristics of the motor sphere of preschoolers with mental retardation. Comprehensive diagnostics of the motor development of children with mental retardation is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of children in the organization of physical education and to implement a differentiated approach in physical education and other motor exercises. Based on the characteristics of the contingent of children with mental retardation, the following system for diagnosing motor development was proposed: an individual assessment of the physical development and functional state of the organism of children of preschool age; assessment of children's physical fitness; study of children's motility using metric tests N.I. Ozeretsky; study of the characteristics of the psychomotor development of children using neuropsychological tests for the study of movements and actions adapted for preschool children with mental retardation. Thus, a combination of qualitative and quantitative assessment of psychological and pedagogical data on the level of development of the child’s motility, dynamic observation and comprehensive neuropsychological research allows most accurately and fully assess the overall psychophysical development of the child, the state of his motility and psychomotor system, predict future development and determine the best ways psychological and pedagogical correction.

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Bjarnason-Wehrens, Birna, Sandra Schmitz, and Sigrid Dordel. "Motor Development in Children with Congenital Cardiac Diseases." European Cardiology Review 4, no. 2 (2008): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/ecr.2008.4.2.92.

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Stewart, Katherine B., and Jean C. Deitz. "Motor Development in Children with Sotos' Cerebral Gigantism." Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics 6, no. 1 (January 1986): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j006v06n01_05.

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Minami, Maria Avanise Yumi, Carolina A. R. Funayama, and Julio Cesar Daneluzzi. "Focusing on dissociated motor development in Brazilian children." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 59, no. 3B (September 2001): 686–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2001000500006.

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Dissociated motor development (DMD) is considered when the baby starts independent walking late, with normality of the other fields of development. There is evidence that babies with DMD present an atypical crawling pattern and hypotonia. To investigate the frequency and characteristics of DMD, neurological examination was performed monthly in 177 healthy full-term babies from 6 months age, in urban and rural zone samples in Brazil. Among 20 children with atypical crawling, none presented hypotonia neither did they start independent walking late. The means of the ages at the begining of atypical crawling and independent walking acquisitions, 7.40mo (SD 1.4) and 12.76mo (SD 2.5) respectively, did not differ from the group with crossed crawling pattern. Thus, in this sample of Brazilian healthy children we did not find cases with DMD.

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CARR, JANET. "MENTAL AND MOTOR DEVELOPMENT IN YOUNG MONGOL CHILDREN*." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 14, no. 3 (June 28, 2008): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1970.tb01116.x.

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Elena, Sabau, Niculescu Georgeta, Gevat Cecila, and Elena Lupu. "Perceptual-motor Development of Children in Elementary School." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 114 (February 2014): 632–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.759.

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Serrien, Deborah J., and Louise O’Regan. "The development of motor planning strategies in children." European Journal of Developmental Psychology 18, no. 1 (March 5, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2020.1736029.

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Clark, Jane E. "Understanding Motor Development: Infants, Children, Adolescents (2nd Edition)." Pediatric Exercise Science 2, no. 3 (August 1990): 281–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.2.3.281.

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Denckla, Martha Bridge. "Development of Motor Co-ordination in Normal Children." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 16, no. 6 (November 12, 2008): 729–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1974.tb03393.x.

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Dworkin, James Paul, and Richard Culatta. "Questions about Oropharyngeal Motor Development in Young Children." Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders 53, no. 4 (November 1988): 483–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5304.483.

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YGGE, J. "Ocular motor development in normal and premature children." Acta Ophthalmologica 87 (September 2009): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.2162.x.

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Crowe, T. K., C. McClain, and B. Provost. "Motor Development of Native American Children on the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales." American Journal of Occupational Therapy 53, no. 5 (September 1, 1999): 514–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5014/ajot.53.5.514.

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Sigmundsson, Hermundur, and Marianne StØlan Rostoft. "Motor Development: Exploring the motor competence of 4-year-old Norwegian children." Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research 47, no. 4 (September 2003): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00313830308588.

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Kagerer, Florian A., and Jane E. Clark. "Development of kinesthetic-motor and auditory-motor representations in school-aged children." Experimental Brain Research 233, no. 7 (April 26, 2015): 2181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-015-4288-7.

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Hadi, Selasih Putri Isnawati. "HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK PADA ANAK USIA 12-36 BULAN DI DESA SAMBIREJO, KECAMATAN BRINGIN, KABUPATEN SEMARANG." JURNAL KEBIDANAN KESTRA (JKK) 1, no. 2 (April 29, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35451/jkk.v1i2.126.

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Background : The quality of a child is seen from his/her growth and development. The early stages of development are vital because they will set and determine the next processes. The developments which need attention are gross motor and fine motor development. Nutritional status is one of the most influencing factors for gross motor and fine motor development especially for 12-36 months years old children. Objectives : The aim of the study is to analyze the association between the nutritional status with the motor development of 12-36 months old children Design : The research used descriptive correlation with the design of cross sectional. The sampling used proportional random sampling technique to 62 samples of 12-36 months old children. Result : Based on the data analysis of nutritional status with gross motor development obtained the Kendal tau p-value=0,000 and p < 0,05 it meant that Ha was accepted so was a correlation between nutritional status with fine motor development. And based on the data analysis of nutritional status with fine motor development obtained the Kendal tau p-value=0,000 and p < 0,05 it meant that Ha was accepted so was a correlation between nutritional status with fine motor development. Conclusion : There was a correlation between nutritional status with motor development of 12-36 months old children. Therefore, the officer of health shall to chek nutritional status and to aplicate the early detection of growth and development child. Keywords : child, nutritional status, gross motor, fine motor Biliographies : 11 (2005-2013)

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Özkür, Fatma. "Analyzing Motor Development and Emergent Literacy Skills of Preschool Children." International Education Studies 13, no. 4 (March 9, 2020): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v13n4p94.

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Children start to gain basic literacy skills during preschool that they will constantly be depended on for their academic activities in primary school. Through learning shoulder girdle strength, fine motor skills, and eye-hand coordination, the foundation of motor skills is developed. Examining the effects of motor skills on emergent literacy skills could provide helpful information on the associations among motor and, reading and writing development. The purpose of this study was to analyze 5 years old children’s motor development and emergent literacy skills. The sample of the study consisted of 160 preschool children from main district of Istanbul. Dumans TMB scale and OYHB scale was used for data collection purposes. Results showed that majority of the preschool children (68%) participated in the study had insufficient level of emergent literacy skills. This group’s motor development score was also significantly lower than instructional group. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive and medium level correlation between the scores of motor development and emergent literacy in both groups. It has been suggested that preschool children’s motor skills should be taken into account for their emergent literacy skills development.

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Beach, Pamela, Melanie Perreault, and Lauren Lieberman. "Affordances for Motor Development in the Home Environment for Young Children with and without CHARGE Syndrome." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (November 13, 2021): 11936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211936.

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Affordances in the home environment are critical to early motor development. Currently, the home environment has not been examined in children with deafblindness or severe disabilities. The present study examined differences in, and relationships between, the home environment and motor development in children with and without CHARGE syndrome. CHARGE syndrome is a low-incidence, complex disorder with sensory and motor impairments. Participants included 28 parents of children with CHARGE syndrome and 32 parents of children without disabilities. Children with CHARGE syndrome achieved motor milestones significantly later and had fewer outside space affordances than children without disabilities. Older children had a greater variety of stimulation and fine motor toys, and those that achieved independent walking later had more outside space and fine and gross motor toys. Early experiences may be more important for children with CHARGE syndrome than children without disabilities. Moreover, parents can play a vital role in their children’s motor development to help them reach their motor milestones.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Motor development, Children'

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