Academic literature on the topic 'Motor vehicles - Dynamics - Computer simulation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Motor vehicles - Dynamics - Computer simulation"
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Wang, Yong, Hongguo Cai, Yinghua Liao, and Jun Gao. "Study on Global Parameters Optimization of Dual-Drive Powertrain System of Pure Electric Vehicle Based on Multiple Condition Computer Simulation." Complexity 2020 (July 25, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6057870.
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Equipped with two power sources, the dual-driving powertrain system for pure electric vehicles has a driving mode different from traditional electric vehicles. Under the premise that the structural form of the transmission system remains unchanged, the following transmission schemes can be adopted for double drive electric vehicles according to the demand power: the main and auxiliary electric transmission scheme (two motors are driven separately with dual-motor coupling drive), the transmission scheme in which the two motors always maintain coupling drive, and the speed-regulating type electric transmission scheme (the main motor is always responsible for driving, and the auxiliary motor is responsible for speed regulation). Therefore, a significant difference exists in the design methods of the power transmission system of double drive electric vehicles and existing vehicles. As for such differences, this paper adopts intelligent algorithm to design the parameters of the transmission system and introduces the genetic algorithm into the optimization design of parameters to obtain the optimal vital parameters of the power transmission system based on computer simulation. The prototype car used in this paper is a self-owned brand car; MATLAB/Simulink platform is used to build the vehicle simulation model, which is used for the computer simulation analysis of the vehicle dynamic performance and economy. It can be seen from the analysis result that the system parameters obtained by using the global optimization method proposed in this study can improve the vehicle dynamic performance and economic performance to varying degrees, which proves the efficiency and feasibility of the optimization method.
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Tucki, Karol, Andrzej Wasiak, Olga Orynycz, and Remigiusz Mruk. "Computer Simulation as a Tool for Managing the Technical Development of Methods for Diagnosing the Technical Condition of a Vehicle." Energies 13, no. 11 (June 4, 2020): 2869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112869.
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Introduced by the Civil Code, the rules of road safety are introducing continuously increasingly strict requirements on motor vehicles. These requirements relate to various aspects of the technical condition of vehicles, both those that determine traffic safety and those that affect the vehicle’s environmental impact. The law requires regular diagnosis of the technical condition of vehicles in service. Diagnostic tests conducted in the form of road tests or the tests performed in workshop conditions allow to determine the symptoms of dysfunctions of the tested vehicle, not always clearly defining the causes and location of damage. The purpose of the work is the design the simulation of a station for of vehicle dynamics tests up to 3.5 t using simulation programs OpenModelica and SciLab. A simulation of the work of the stand for testing the dynamics of vehicles in the form of a chassis dynamometer was achieved. The program enables the simulation of tests: NEDC (New European Drive Cycle), WLTP (Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedure), CADCM150 (joint Artemis driving cycle—Motorway at vMax = 150 kph), CADCU (Common Artemis Driving Cycle—Urban), FTP75 EPA (Federal Test Procedure, Environmental Protection Agency). The simulator (for any assumed type of vehicle) can be used in two modes: 1. Introduction of the presumed cause—Generates the expected results in the functioning of the vehicle. This function can be used to create a cause–effect relational database. 2. Analysis of data from the actual diagnostic system suggesting the causes of the observed (measured) errors in the functioning of the system. The simulator can be used both to design and implement the technological development of intelligent diagnostic systems, and to support the creation of application software for a workshop diagnostic system. Introducing the simulator into practice will also enable the improvement of road safety management.
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Szántó, Attila, János Kiss, Tamás Mankovits, and Gusztáv Áron Szíki. "Dynamic Test Measurements and Simulation on a Series Wound DC Motor." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (May 17, 2021): 4542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104542.
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Previously, a dynamic model and a simulation program for series wound DC motors (SWDCM) were developed in MATLAB/Simulink for modelling them in electric vehicles and mechatronic systems. The electromagnetic characteristics of the motor (electric resistances, dynamic inductances), which serve as input parameters of the program, were also measured. Additionally, locked rotor response measurements were performed to test the accuracy of the measured electromagnetic characteristics. This paper presents the experimental procedure and the results of dynamics test measurements that were performed on the same motor, including the procedure for the determination of the necessary input dynamic parameters for the simulation. While the motor spins up from rest, the intensity of the electric current and the angular speed of the rotor are measured. Finally, the simulation and dynamic test results are compared to check the proper operation of the simulation program.
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Uyulan, Çağlar, and Metin Gokasan. "Modeling, simulation and re-adhesion control of an induction motor–based railway electric traction system." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 232, no. 1 (September 30, 2017): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651817732487.
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Increasing the traction force is a complex problem in the design of railway vehicles; therefore, effective traction systems and algorithms have to be developed. During the traction process, the verification of traction algorithms and control strategies are based on simulations covering all locomotive dynamics. In this article, traction model of a railway vehicle and re-adhesion control method based on simulation approach are investigated to obtain more effective results. The longitudinal dynamic of a railway vehicle having traction system, which comprises two parallel motor groups, each of which has two field-oriented induction motor connected in series, is simulated to examine time-dependent changes in motor stator currents, traction torque, adhesion and resistance forces according to a given speed reference. The interaction between the adhesion force and the slip ratio is established according to the Burckhardt adhesion model, and a modified super-twisting sliding mode slip control is implemented in a computer simulation under various contact conditions so that simulation results approve the presented control method works under the maximum adhesion force. The comparison between the classical and modified version of the proposed control strategy was made to better evaluate the performance of the control system and to better optimize the traction system.
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Kisilowski, Jerzy, and Jarosław Zalewski. "Selected aspects of motor vehicle dynamics on the example of a power-off straight line maneuver." Archives of Transport 50, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5647.
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In this paper the selected phenomena related to motor vehicle’s motion have been considered basing on a computer simulation. The vehicle performed a power-off straight line maneuver with different road conditions being included. All simulations have been performed in the MSC Adams/Car environment based on the available sports two-seater vehicle model, realizing the adopted maneuver at the instant speed of 100km/h. This enabled observation of the selected phenomena along the road long enough to relate them to different aspects of vehicle dynamics research. As for the randomly uneven road, almost similar and almost different profiles have been assumed for the left and right wheels of the vehicle. Additionally, two values of the coefficient determining the maximum amplitude of road irregularities have been selected: 0.3 for lower and 0.9 for higher irregularities, so the road surface conditions along with the flat road have been considered as one of the factors causing disturbances of the motor vehicle motion. Such research seems valuable from the point of view of road traffic safety and vehicle maintenance. This specific example is a presentation of the possible research on vehicle dynamics as well as a potential background for further considerations including different types of vehicles along with almost different road profiles for the left and right wheels of the given vehicle model. A power-off straight maneuver is not performed very often in normal road traffic. However, such test could be valuable when analyzing influence of the selected motor vehicle parameters, such as uneven loading, suspension characteristics, etc. on such maintenance features as stability, steerability and the influence of external disturbances acting on the moving vehicle. Further research provides different maneuvers and different simulation conditions.
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Riba, Jordi-Roger, Antoni Garcia, and Luís Romeral. "A computer experiment to simulate the dynamic behaviour of electric vehicles driven by switched reluctance motors." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 51, no. 4 (October 2014): 368–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijeee.0008.
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The study of the dynamic behaviour of electric vehicles is being incorporated in the syllabuses of an increasing number of graduate and undergraduate courses. This paper analyses the basic mechanical and electric concepts of electric traction applied to automobiles. For this purpose, in this work the switched reluctance motor is analysed. A model based on MATLAB/Simulink to simulate the behaviour of both the electric motor and the vehicle dynamics is described. It allows students to gain a better understanding of the fundamental mechanical and electrical concepts by simulating the system behavior in an interactive and flexible manner.
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Fansen, Kong, and Sui Jie. "Computer simulation of driver working memory processing." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 219, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 1165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440705x34856.
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In general, using simulations to solve problems of human behaviour, as is done in engineering, is particularly difficult. Making use of research into motor vehicle manoeuvrability, this article studies, from the engineering perspective, a computer simulation of working memory processing disabilities of automobile drivers. Firstly, utilizing theories drawn from cognitive psychology, motor vehicle manoeuvrability dynamics, and fuzzy control theory, a driver working memory simulation model is advanced. The model integrates working memory, which is a critical factor in predicting complex cognitive manipulation activities. Secondly, the driver's working memory processing is simulated using the model, and its effects on motor vehicle manoeuvrability and stability are assessed. The test result shows that there is an optimal range of processing time for driving. The lower limit of the range is limited by human physiological limits. The upper limit is defined by the task's complexity. The task could not be finished if the information processing time for finishing the complex task is greater than the upper limit.
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Chen, Qiping, Yue Tian, Chuanjie Liao, Sheng Kang, and Ning Wang. "Electromagnetic simulation of an external rotor PM hub motor power device for distributed driving electric vehicle." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 10 (October 2020): 168781402096652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814020966528.
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In order to increase efficiency and reliability of hub motor power device for distributed driving electric vehicle, a novel hub motor with an external rotor PM (permanent magnet) is designed and optimized. The performance parameters of hub motor are computed and selected based on vehicle dynamics indicators and the driving equations. This paper determines the optimum primary size of hub motor by choosing appropriate magnetic circuit structure and integrating three key parameters, including as stator split ratio, electromagnetic load and viscous damping coefficient. This paper has built the analysis model of external rotor PM hub motor, and simulated and analyzed the transient magnetic field of hub motor under no-load and load transient or steady state. Simulation results indicate that the external rotor PM hub motor designed by combining stator split ratio, electromagnetic load and viscous damping coefficient has satisfactory electromagnetic performance, which can satisfy the performance requirements and indicators of hub motor power device for distributed driving electric vehicles.
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Vo-Duy, Thanh, Minh C. Ta, Bảo-Huy Nguyễn, and João Pedro F. Trovão. "Experimental Platform for Evaluation of On-Board Real-Time Motion Controllers for Electric Vehicles." Energies 13, no. 23 (December 6, 2020): 6448. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236448.
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Electric vehicles are considered to be a greener and safer means of transport thanks to the distinguished advantages of electric motors. Studies on this object require experimental platforms for control validation purpose. Under the pressure of research, the development of these platforms must be reliable, safe, fast, and cost effective. To practically validate the control system, the controllers should be implemented in an on-board micro-controller platform; whereas, the vehicle model should be realized in a real-time emulator that behaves like the real vehicle. In this paper, we propose a signal hardware-in-the-loop simulation system for electric vehicles that are driven by four independent electric motors installed in wheels (in-wheel motor). The system is elaborately built on the basis of longitudinal, lateral, and yaw dynamics, as well as kinematic and position models, of which the characteristics are complete and comprehensive. The performance of the signal hardware-in-the-loop system is evaluated by various open-loop testing scenarios and by validation of a representative closed-loop optimal force distribution control. The proposed system can be applied for researches on active safety system of electric vehicles, including traction, braking control, force/torque distribution strategy, and electronic stability program.
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Szántó, Attila, and Gusztáv Áron Szíki. "Review of Modern Vehicle Powertrains and Their Modelling and Simulation in MATLAB/Simulink." International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences 5, no. 2 (April 15, 2020): 232–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21791/ijems.2020.2.29.
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Thanks to technological advances and environmental standards, as well as changing usage patterns, road vehicles are constantly developing. Electric and hybrid vehicles are playing an increasingly important role in today’s road transport. The most significant changes are probably in the powertrain of vehicles. The efficiency of internal combustion engines increases while their emissions continue to decline. In addition, high performance electric motors, batteries and even fuel cells play an increasingly important role in hybrid and electric vehicles. In this publication, we review the drive systems of current modern vehicles and the types and characteristics of their major components. We also review the available models and computer programs for their simulation, focusing mainly on MATLAB/Simulink applications. Based on this, we can develop our own models and simulation programs which will help us to perform different driving dynamics simulations and to compare the performance, dynamic and energetic characteristics of these powertrains and their components to each other.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Motor vehicles - Dynamics - Computer simulation"
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Forrester, Alexander I. J. "Efficient global aerodynamic optimisation using expensive computational fluid dynamics simulations." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/45902/.
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The expense of high fidelity computational fluid dynamics, in terms of time and amount of computing resources required, excludes such methods from the early stages of aircraft design. It is only in the early, conceptual, stage of aircraft development where a wide range of designs are considered and global, rather than local, optimisation can play a key role. This thesis deals with methods which may allow high cost computer simulations to be used within a global optimisation design process. The first half of the thesis concentrates on the use of surrogate modeling of the optimisation design space, which allows cheap approximations to be used in lieu of expensive computer simulations. The process is automated and present statistical methods are modified to accommodate problems associated with the simulation of fluid flow and uncertainty within an automated system. The re-interpolation of a regression model of noisy data is presented as a method of improving convergence towards a global optimum. The second half of the thesis develops methods of using partially converged computational fluid dynamics simulations within a surrogate modelling optimisation process. Significant time savings are made possible by reducing computational effort directed at producing a surrogate for regions of poor designs and concentrating resources on modelling regions of promising designs.
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Pedchote, C. "Parameter estimation for non-linear systems: an application to vehicle dynamics." Thesis, Engineering Systems Department, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3896.
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This work presents an investigation into the parameter estimation of suspension
components and the vertical motions of wheeled vehicles from experimental data. The
estimation problems considered were for suspension dampers, a single wheel station and
a full vehicle.
Using conventional methods (gradient-based (GB), Downhill Simplex (DS)) and
stochastic methods (Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Evolution (DE)), three
major problems were encountered. These were concerned with the ability and consistency
of finding the global optimum solution, time consumption in the estimation process, and
the difficulties in setting the algorithm's control parameters. To overcome these
problems, a new technique named the discrete variable Hybrid Differential Evolution
(dvHDE) method is presented.
The new dvHDE method employs an integer-encoding technique and treats all
parameters involved in the same unified way as discrete variables, and embeds two
mechanisms that can be used to deal with convergence difficulties and reduce the time
consumed in the optimisation process. The dvHDE algorithm has been validated against
the conventional GB, DS and DE techniques and was shown to be more efficient and
effective in all but the simplest cases. Its robustness was demonstrated by its application
to a number of vehicle related problems of increasing complexity. These include case
studies involving parameter estimation using experimental data from tests on automotive
dampers, a single wheel station and a full vehicle. The investigation has shown that the
proposed dvHDE method, when compared to the other methods, was the best for finding
the global optimum solutions in a short time. It is recommended for nonlinear vehicle
suspension models and other similar systems.
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Pedchote, Chamnarn. "Parameter estimation for non-linear systems : an application to vehicle dynamics." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2003. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/3896.
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This work presents an investigation into the parameter estimation of suspension components and the vertical motions of wheeled vehicles from experimental data. The estimation problems considered were for suspension dampers, a single wheel station and a full vehicle. Using conventional methods (gradient-based (GB), Downhill Simplex (DS)) and stochastic methods (Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Evolution (DE)), three major problems were encountered. These were concerned with the ability and consistency of finding the global optimum solution, time consumption in the estimation process, and the difficulties in setting the algorithm's control parameters. To overcome these problems, a new technique named the discrete variable Hybrid Differential Evolution (dvHDE) method is presented. The new dvHDE method employs an integer-encoding technique and treats all parameters involved in the same unified way as discrete variables, and embeds two mechanisms that can be used to deal with convergence difficulties and reduce the time consumed in the optimisation process. The dvHDE algorithm has been validated against the conventional GB, DS and DE techniques and was shown to be more efficient and effective in all but the simplest cases. Its robustness was demonstrated by its application to a number of vehicle related problems of increasing complexity. These include case studies involving parameter estimation using experimental data from tests on automotive dampers, a single wheel station and a full vehicle. The investigation has shown that the proposed dvHDE method, when compared to the other methods, was the best for finding the global optimum solutions in a short time. It is recommended for nonlinear vehicle suspension models and other similar systems.
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Makgata, Katlego Webster. "Computational analysis and optimisation of the inlet system of a high-performance rally engine." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01242006-123639.
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Roberts, E. C. "Energy simulation of climatic wind tunnel plant." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2000. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7250.
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The Climatic Wind Tunnel (CWT) is a facility used by the motor industry to test vehicles under climatic extremes without the need for expensive overseas test programs. This work focuses on the application of computer simulation to the Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) plant that makes up a CWT facility. The objective being to reduce its operational costs through the identification of energy saving operational strategies. When in operation the CWT has a peak power consumption of 3MW. The implementation of any measures that would reduce this peak load would give rise to considerable savings in the operating costs of the facility. Computer simulation is an accepted technique for the study of systems operating under varying load conditions. Simulation allows rapid analysis of different strategies for operating plant and the effectiveness of achieving the desired effect without compromising the buildings performance. Models for the components of the CWT have been developed and coded in Neutral Model Format. These models have then been linked together in a modular simulation environment to give a model of the complete plant. The CWT plant naturally decomposesin to four major subsystems these being the test chamber, the soakroom, air make-up and refrigeration system. Models of all the primary and secondary HVAC plant are described as is how they constitute the systems that make up the CWT. Validation tests for individual components as well as for the systems have been carried out. To illustrate the potential of the application of computer simulation into finding improved modes of operation that would reduce the energy consumption of the facility, four studies have been carried out. The studies involve the possibility of scheduling the operation of condenser fans as a function of refrigeration load and outside ambient temperature, methods for the pre-test conditioning of a vehicle, a reduction in the secondary refrigerant flow temperature and an increase in the thickness of the insulated panels from which the facility is constructed. The studies carried out showed that there was potential for moderate energy savings to be made in the operation of the facility and that extended simulation runs would allow for the in-depth assessment of a large range of possible modes of plant operation in order to identify the areas where the greatest savings are possible.
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Xia, Jun. "Direct and large-eddy simulation of interactions between reacting flows and evaporating droplets." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/65719/.
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Reacting flows interacting with liquid droplets are of practical and scientific importance due to their appearance in a multiplicity of industrial and domestic applications such as fire suppression systems and humidified gas turbines. Experimental measurements are usually limited to global quantities or local quantities at limited spatial locations, which provide little detailed information for fundamental understanding of complex interactions. Numerical simulations can overcome these limitations, but are restricted by the available computer capacity. Therefore, most previous simulations in the field employ simplifications such as a two-dimensional configuration, the Eulerian description of the dispersed phase, or the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) methodology, etc. Such simplified methods are not appropriate for scrutinizing the local, unsteady interactions embedded in the realistic multiphase reacting flows from the first principle. To this end, systematic understanding of the multilateral, multiscale and multiphysics interactions among turbulent flow, chemical reaction and dispersing droplets is still far from being achieved. Recently, the rapid development of the supercomputer hardware and software technologies enables the application of high fidelity numerical techniques, i.e., direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large eddy simulation (LES), to such complex flows. In the present study, a hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian methodology is developed and implemented to investigate the multiphysics interactions. The well-designed parallel algorithms enable us to look at both canonical and practical configurations, including a temporal reacting shear layer, a turbulent reactive jet diluted with droplets and a simplified small-scale domestic fire suppression system. All these configurations are characterised by nonuniform droplet loading in the computational domain, fully three-dimensional simulation and the Lagrangian description for droplets. The number of traced droplets reaches the magnitude of 106 in some cases. DNS results with various physical parameters have been obtained, showing self-consistency and correct trends. In LES, to avoid arbitrary tuning of subgrid model coefficients, fully dynamic procedures have been designed following the Germano procedure and implemented for the main six subgrid models. LES of a heated plane jet, a reacting jet diluted with evaporating droplets and a simplified fire suppression system has been performed and analysed. Droplet effects on turbulence and combustion are quantified through examining the transport equations for the kinetic energy and internal energy of the reacting flow.
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Bevan, Geraint Paul. "Development of a vehicle dynamics controller for obstacle avoidance." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/246/.
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As roads become busier and automotive technology improves, there is considerable potential for driver assistance systems to improve the safety of road users. Longitudinal collision warning and collision avoidance systems are starting to appear on production cars to assist drivers when required to stop in an emergency. Many luxury cars are also equipped with stability augmentation systems that prevent the car from spinning out of control during aggressive lateral manoeuvres. Combining these concepts, there is a natural progression to systems that could assist in aiding or performing lateral collision avoidance manoeuvres. A successful automatic lateral collision avoidance system would require convergent development of many fields of technology, from sensors and instrumentation to aid environmental awareness through to improvements in driver vehicle interfaces so that a degree of control can be smoothly and safely transferred between the driver and vehicle computer. A fundamental requirement of any collision avoidance system is determination of a feasible path that avoids obstacles and a means of causing the vehicle to follow that trajectory. This research focuses on feasible trajectory generation and development of an automatic obstacle avoidance controller that integrates steering and braking action. A controller is developed to cause a specially modified car (a Mercedes `S' class with steer-by-wire and brake-by-wire capability) to perform an ISO 3888-2 emergency obstacle avoidance manoeuvre. A nonlinear two-track vehicle model is developed and used to derive optimal controller parameters using a series of simulations. Feedforward and feedback control is used to track a feasible reference trajectory. The feedforward control loops use inverse models of the vehicle dynamics. The feedback control loops are implemented as linear proportional controllers with a force allocation matrix used to apportion braking effort between redundant actuators. Two trajectory generation routines are developed: a geometric method, for steering a vehicle at its physical limits; and an optimal method, which integrates steering and braking action to make full use of available traction. The optimal trajectory is obtained using a multi-stage convex optimisation procedure. The overall controller performance is validated by simulation using a complex proprietary model of the vehicle that is reported to have been validated and calibrated against experimental data over several years of use in an industrial environment.
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Wang, Tianjiao. "Study of pedestrian-vehicle interaction behaviour by microscopic simulation modelling." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/348871/.
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Walking is healthy, environmentally beneficial and sustainable to human society. Travellers increasingly are being encouraged to walk more. However, pedestrians’ interaction with motorised vehicles is a major constraint to their movement. Many innovative treatments have been developed to balance the two modes. Proper methods are required to evaluate and compare performances of different treatments to support decision making. Micro-simulation is a useful supplementary tool for such evaluation and comparison studies for its cost-effectiveness and non-intrusiveness. However, there is a significant gap between capabilities of existing simulation models and practical needs. New understandings of the Pedestrian-Vehicle Interaction (PVI) behaviour and corresponding micro-simulation models are required to conduct micro-simulation studies of the interaction process between the two modes to derive new knowledge of the mixed traffic. This dissertation presents the development and application of a micro-simulation model, PVISIM (Pedestrian-Vehicle Interaction SIMulation), to study PVI behaviour in a range of circumstances in an urban street environment. Key contributions relate to the collection of a substantial data base, development and validation of the model, an appreciation of the value of the approach and new understandings of PVI behaviour. A series of studies to measure behaviour based on the data collected in Beijing, China have been detailed. Intra vehicle and pedestrian behaviour models were developed and validated separately, incorporating the best available understandings from existing published studies and in accordance with the specific local data. The two modes were integrated by interpreting new findings from the study of microscopic interaction behaviour of the two modes. The complete model was validated against field data independent of those used in model development, covering a number of typical scenarios, including both unsignalised and signalised situations. The validated model was applied to study a typical unsignalised scenario by analysing system performances under different combinations of vehicular traffic and pedestrian crossing demand, in terms of efficiency, safety and environmental impact. Also, operations of different treatments including no-control, Zebra crossing, fixed-time signal crossing and Puffin crossing at two typical types of locations were compared. Interpretations and recommendations were given for each application. The results can be used to supplement existing guidelines for pedestrian related problems, and also contribute to the knowledge base to incorporate pedestrians into current micro-simulation tools in a more realistic way.
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Eckert, Jony Javorski 1988. "Análise comparativa entre os métodos de cálculo da dinâmica longitudinal em veículos." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264392.
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Orientador: Franco Giuseppe DediniDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T04:27:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eckert_JonyJavorski_M.pdf: 14458146 bytes, checksum: b2eb0f5d4618d1873858f49c66965bec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: Dinâmica veicular é o estudo das interações entre o veículo, condutor e o ambiente bem como as reações de carga, sendo esta dividida em 3 grandes áreas: dinâmica longitudinal, vertical e lateral. Existem variações entre os métodos propostos pela literatura para o cálculo da dinâmica longitudinal do veículo, sendo que o objetivo deste trabalho é, por meio de simulações, compararem os resultados obtidos pelas diversas metodologias. Por meio de um modelo gerado com auxílio do programa de análise dinâmica de multicorpos Adams®, juntamente com o Simulink Matlab®, foram implementados os métodos de cálculo propostos pela literatura de forma a simular o comportamento de um veículo em função de uma demanda de potência gerada por meio do padrão de velocidades imposto pelos ciclos das normas brasileiras NBR6601 e NBR7024. Os resultados encontrados foram comparados por meio da correlação linear entre as curvas de torque resultantes do modelo dinâmico, possibilitando uma avaliação entre os resultados encontrados pelos diferentes métodos. Também foram avaliados o consumo de combustível, a influência da variação da massa do veículo e da estratégia de condução no comportamento dinâmico do veículo, bem como modelos complementares referentes a veículos híbridos e o efeito da adição de um modelo de embreagem no conjunto simulado
Abstract: Vehicular dynamics is the study of interactions between vehicle, driver and load reactions. The vehicular dynamics is divided into three areas: longitudinal, vertical and lateral. There are variations between the methods proposed in the literature to calculate the longitudinal dynamics of the vehicle. The purpose of this study is, through simulations; compare the results obtained by different methods. By means of a model generated by Adams® (Software of Multibody Dynamics Analysis) together with Simulink Matlab® were implemented the calculation methods proposed by literature to simulate the behavior of a vehicle according to a power demand resulting from the default speeds cycles required by Brazilian Standards NBR6601 and NBR7024. The results were compared using linear correlation between the couple curves resulting from the dynamic model, allowing an evaluation of the results reported by different methods. Were also evaluated: the fuel consumption and the influence of the mass vehicle variation, the driving strategy in the vehicle dynamic behavior, some complementary models of hybrid vehicles and the effect of add a clutch model
Mestrado
Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Yu, Tai-Tuck. "The development of a hybrid simulation modelling approach based on agents and discrete-event modelling." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/72111/.
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This thesis initially presents the work carried out on the research hypothesis –agent-based simulation is better than traditional discrete-event modelling. To test this assertion, a comparison of these two modelling approaches is made by way of a case study. The scenario, a global repair operation of a fleet of civil jet engines, is a real lifecycle costing example which involves logistics and is typical of problems commonly modelled using either of these paradigms. To carry out the comparison, the method involved building a discrete-event model which matched the functions of an existing agent-based model as closely as possible. Rigorous control was applied during its implementation phase by way of formal code walkthroughs and model dynamic testing. Among the internal metrics, lines of code provided an estimate for model size while the McCabe Cyclomatic Number measured structural complexity. The external software quality of maintainability was derived from these metrics and estimated by modelling experts through Delphi sessions. The dynamic performance of each model was determined by the execution times of successfully completed simulation runs over a range of engine fleet sizes. This research went on to develop a hybrid approach (which is currently the subject of a Rolls-Royce patent application) which draws on the strengths of both agent and discrete-event paradigms. In order to combine agent roles and discrete event processes, a new model was implemented using a three-layered architecture. A full fleet simulation was developed using this hybrid approach. Although the code size is slightly larger and run times slightly longer than the conventional model, the thesis argues that, crucially, it is more maintainable as it reduces the conceptual gap between problem and model.
Books on the topic "Motor vehicles - Dynamics - Computer simulation"
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Motor vehicle dynamics: Modeling and simulation. Singapore: World Scientific, 1997.
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Schramm, Dieter. Modellbildung und Simulation der Dynamik von Kraftfahrzeugen. Berlin: Springer Berlin, 2009.
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3
Kenis, William. OECD divine element 1: Accelerated dynamic pavement testing. McLean, Va: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Research, Development, and Technology, Turner Fairbank Highway Research Center, 1998.
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4
Homer, Rahnejat, Rothberg Steve, Loughborough University, and Institute of Measurement and Control., eds. Multi-body dynamics: Monitoring and simulation techniques - III. London: Professional Engineering Pub., 2004.
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Smillie, David George. Simulation of the performance of a hydro-pneumatic truck suspension. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1998.
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Symposium on Simulation and Control of Ground Vehicles and Transportation Systems (1986 Anaheim, Calif.). Symposium on Simulation and Control of Ground Vehicles and Transportation Systems: Presented at the Winter Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Anaheim, California, December 7-12, 1986. New York, N.Y: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1986.
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Zhongguo qi che gong cheng xue hui. Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress: Volume 8: Vehicle Design and Testing (II). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.
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Goldstein, David B. Creating a simple single computational approach to modeling rarefied and continuum flow about aerospace vehicles: Research summary for NASA Johnson Space Center's University Grant Program, grant number NAG 9-840. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.
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Zhongguo qi che gong cheng xue hui. Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress: Volume 2: Advanced Internal Combustion Engines (II). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.
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Engineers, Society of Automotive, ed. IDB-C data bus: Report on studies for a) Modeling, simulation, and signal analysis, b) EMC/EMI measurements and testing. Warrendale, Pa: Society of Automotive Engineers, 2002.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Motor vehicles - Dynamics - Computer simulation"
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Zalewski, Jarosław. "Analysis of the Motor Vehicle Dynamics on the Example of a Fish Hook Maneuver Simulation." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 248–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66251-0_20.
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Iwnicki, Simon, Stuart Grassie, and Walter Kik. "Track Settlement Prediction Using Computer Simulation Tools." In The Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and on Tracks, 37–46. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003210924-3.
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Nagai, Masao, and Manfred Mitschke. "An Adaptive Control Model of a Car-Driver and Computer Simulation of the Closed-Loop System." In The Dynamics of Vehicles on roads and on tracks, 275–86. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003210894-35.
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MacAdam, Charles C. "Computer Simulation and Parameter Sensitivity Study of a Commercial Vehicle During Antiskid Braking." In The Dynamics of Vehicles on roads and on tracks, 259–75. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203736845-23.
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Shahriari-Kahkeshi, Maryam. "Modeling and Dynamic Surface Control of Uncertain Strict-Feedback Nonlinear Systems Using Adaptive Fuzzy Wavelet Network." In Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering, 112–33. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3531-7.ch006.
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This chapter proposes a new modeling and control scheme for uncertain strict-feedback nonlinear systems based on adaptive fuzzy wavelet network (FWN) and dynamic surface control (DSC) approach. It designs adaptive FWN as a nonlinear-in-parameter approximator to approximate the uncertain dynamics of the system. Then, the proposed control scheme is developed by incorporating the DSC method to the adaptive FWN-based model. Stability analysis of the proposed scheme is provided and adaptive laws are designed to learn all linear and nonlinear parameters of the network. It is proven that all the signals of the closed-loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded and the tracking error can be made arbitrary small. The proposed scheme does not require any prior knowledge about dynamics of the system and offline learning. Furthermore, it eliminates the “explosion of complexity” problems and develops accurate model of the system and simple controller. Simulation results on the numerical example and permanent magnet synchronous motor are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Conference papers on the topic "Motor vehicles - Dynamics - Computer simulation"
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Szydlowski, Wieslaw M., and Srinivas Sastry. "Computer Simulation of Dynamical Behavior of Self-Propelled Gurney." In ASME 1993 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1993-0147.
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Abstract The conventional gurneys used in hospitals to move patients from room to room have one main disadvantage: they are difficult to control. A typical gurney has a form of an oblong table moving on four castor wheels. The vehicle is difficult to maneuver, especially on corridor turns, and usually requires two operators — each at one end. Dr. J. Bleicher from the St. Joseph’s Hospital in Omaha, Nebraska suggested a new type of a self-propelled gurney which would be a cross-breed of a motorized wheelchair and a gurney. A new type of a gurney would have two additional wheels in the center of the gurney, each connected to a separate DC motor. The torques developed by the motors would be controlled by one operator using a joystick. Applying opposite torques to the controlled wheels would rotate a stationary gurney in place, or would curve the path of a moving gurney. The position of two additional wheels can be changed, so that the gurney can move sideways, translate in chosen direction or move along a curvelinear path. The work presented in the paper contains an analysis of the dynamics of such a gurney. A mathematical model of the vehicle was developed to check how much effort is needed on the part of the operator in straight path motion and during negotiating a corner. The most difficult part of the modelling was a proper description of forces and torques exerted by the ground on the wheels. The differential equations of motion of the gurney have been numerically integrated, and the dynamical response of the vehicle studied. The results of the computer simulation show a transient oscillatory response of the castor wheels (shimmying) which can be controlled by a proper choice of design parameters of the vehicle.
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Xiao, Hansong, Wuwei Chen, Changbao Chu, and Jean W. Zu. "Integrated Control and Coordination of Vehicle System Dynamics." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86096.
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Current and future motor vehicles are incorporating more and more sophisticated chassis control systems to improve vehicle handling, stability and comfort. These control systems often operate independently and thus interactions and performance conflicts among the control systems occur inevitably. To address the problem, this study proposes a two-layer hierarchical control architecture for integrated control of electric power steering (EPS) system and anti-lock brake system (ABS). The upper layer controller is designed to coordinate the interactions between the EPS system and the ABS. While in the lower layer, the two controllers including the EPS system and the ABS, are designed independently to achieve their local control objectives. Simulation results show that the proposed hierarchical control system is able to improve the vehicle lateral stability, and at the same time ensure the vehicle steering agility, and the braking performance.
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Lanka, Indeevar Shyam, Akhil Challa, Nithya Sridhar, Shankar C. Subramanian, Sankarganesh Sankaralingam, and Gunasekaran Vivekanandan. "A Model Based Framework for Wheel Lock Simulation in a Brake Dynamometer Towards Heavy Road Vehicle Safety." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87230.
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This work proposes a method to simulate wheel lock of a Heavy Commercial Road Vehicle (HCRV) using pneumatic brake circuit on a brake dynamometer. The proposed methodology lumps the effects of wheel slip and load transfer during straight-line braking into ‘equivalent inertia’ on the wheels. This inertia profile could then be imported on a dynamometer interface and realized using suitable inertia discs and an electric motor. Equivalent inertia was computed from test datasets obtained from a Hardware-in-Loop (HiL) experimental system consisting of an air brake system and IPG TruckMaker®, a vehicle dynamic simulation software. These datasets were obtained for various road, vehicle load and braking conditions. This framework would facilitate the evaluation of wheel slip regulation algorithms using a brake dynamometer by capturing necessary dynamics of HCRVs during braking. It is expected that such testing can be placed between HiL and on-road tests, and would provide greater confidence in Active Safety Systems (ASSs) before their deployment on vehicles.
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Tehrani, Mohammad Gerami, Juho Montonen, Paula Immonen, Simo Sinkko, Esa-Pekka Kaikko, Jarkko Nokka, Jussi Sopanen, and Juha Pyrhönen. "Application of Hub-Wheel Electric Motor Integrated With Two Step Planetary Transmission for Heavy Off-Road Vehicles." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47030.
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An integrated electro-mechanical drive train component for heavy duty vehicles in off-road applications is presented. The component utilizes a two-step transmission and a tooth-coil permanent magnet motor and has compact size enabling in-wheel installation. The driveline design procedure is surveyed to explore the advantages of a geared electric motor in electric drivelines. Multibody dynamic simulation is applied to verify the functionality of the driveline. A vehicle generic model that is compatible with a multibody simulator program is developed to describe the performance of the proposed driveline in different vehicles. A co-simulation procedure is applied to combine the electric motor and vehicle body simulation models. It is shown that the co-simulation can be performed in real-time, thus enabling a human driver to control the vehicle. A comparison is made of the rear wheel drive and wheel mounted electric motor from the efficiency and performance points of view. The power consumption of vehicles with different driveline architectures is calculated to diagnose the weak points of the system and enhancement solutions are proposed.
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Liang, B., S. D. Iwnicki, and F. J. Swift. "Independently Rotating Wheels With Induction Motors for High Speed Trains." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58126.
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Railway vehicles with conventional sets often cause problems of hunting and severe wear. The use of an independently rotating wheel set (IRW) would eliminate the cause of wheel set hunting and wear since an IRW can decouple the wheels. This paper presents an investigation into the design of a suitable motor configuration and controller for IRW in order to provide the stability required to satisfy the performance requirements. A computer model of the mechanical and electrical parts of the system was developed. Simulation and experiments of the wheelsets with active driving motor control have demonstrated that a wheelset with independently driven wheels has a good stability performance over a traditional wheelset. Controllers with indirect field orientation control for dynamic control of a motor have shown to be suitable for this application in both its response and its controllability.
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Wang, Qian, Jatin Goyal, Beshah Ayalew, and Amandeep Singh. "Control Allocation for Multi-Axle Hub Motor Driven Land Vehicles With Active Steering." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59509.
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Multi-axle land vehicles with independent drive actuation on multiple axles offer improved stability and traction on various road surfaces. This is possible by exploiting the redundancy of the drive system to generate additional yaw moment and to maximize the utilization of individual tire-road contacts without significant extra power consumption by the drive motors. This paper aims at improving the efficiency of torque allocation with the addition of active steering while enhancing the dynamic performance of the independent hub motor driven multi-axle vehicles. The control algorithm outlined here employs a two-level scheme. The higher level computes the desired global control efforts that are needed to track the reference yaw rate and slip angle state responses generated by a reference vehicle model, and the lower level executes optimal control allocation with a cost function that simultaneously takes into account 1) maximization of the tire utilization on all axles considering dominant tire nonlinearities, and 2) minimization of the actuation efforts of the active steering system and the distributed motor torques. The validity of the proposed algorithm is verified via comparison of the simulations of the control allocation scheme applied to a high fidelity multi-axle vehicle under several aggressive test maneuvers with different actuation configurations. The results suggest that the addition of active steering provides lower actuator power consumption and tire usage while ensuring enhanced lateral and longitudinal dynamic performance for the vehicle.
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D’Iorio, James A., Joel Anstrom, and Moustafa El-Gindy. "Comparison of Methods for Dynamic Yaw Control on Vehicles With Multiple Electric Motors: A Literature Review." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49491.
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A literature survey is conducted that compares the body of work written about dynamic yaw-moment control (DYC) systems implemented on vehicles with multiple electric motors. Four wheel drive, rear wheel drive, and front wheel drive vehicle architectures are compared with reference to advantages for DYC systems followed by a discussion on controller design. Advantages are weighed as to whether it is better to control vehicle yaw rate, body sideslip angle, or both. Next, methods for implementing the DYC system are evaluated. Sensors used, estimations made, and controller-type utilized are all discussed. Lastly, methods for simulation and testing are reviewed. The survey suggests that little progress has been made on front wheel drive vehicles. It was also determined that more work needs to be conducted on deciding desirable vehicle dynamics for handling. Investigations should be conducted to make these systems cost-effective and robust enough for production. Finally, future studies should include as much detailed simulation work and actual vehicle testing as possible as both are needed for a complete DYC investigation.
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Garci´a-Pozuelo, D., E. Olmeda, A. Gauchi´a, and V. Di´az. "Influence of Speed Bumps Design on Vehicle Safety." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62389.
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During a journey motor vehicles are forced to overcome different types of irregularities in the pavement. Such irregularities can be random or introduced for a specific purpose, such as asphalt protrusions and transversal bands of rubber, which have been installed into all sorts of avenues and roads open to traffic. Generally, these elements are included in a stretch of road to slow down the vehicle velocity at certain sites, such as pedestrian crossings. However, the influence of speed bumps installed shows other additional effects which must be studied to ensure the safety of vehicles and pedestrians. In some cases, it is found that, passing over ridges and transverse bands at a speed below the limit defined by law, the vehicle is damaged or the tires lose grip with the pavement, precluding any kind of braking or turning maneuvers. Such phenomena indicate that this element is not properly sized, or the placement is not appropriate, becoming counterproductive for traffic safety. In spite of the importance of these consecuences derivated from these elements they haven’t been studied deeply enough and there are very few paper about this subject. In order to analyze the actions generated by the overcome of these irregularities on the different components of the vehicle and its occupants, the problem has been studied not only using computer simulation but also by means of experimental testing on a real vehicle where accelerometers were installed in order to check the severity of the bumps. CarSimTM has been the simulation software used to calculate vehicle dynamic forces on the tires and suspension system and the accelerations and displacements that are applied to the vehicle. To characterize the behavior of a vehicle when is driven over one of these obstacles, it is necessary to study several parameters such as: speed, geometry and dimensions of the bump, and the type of vehicle and its suspension. From this information it is possible to establish a set of guidelines for the proper design and installation of speed bumps in different roads.
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Shah, Danish Ali, Liangyao Yu, Xiaohui Liu, and Sheng Zheng. "A New Design of Main Cylinder Electric Booster for Brake-by-Wire System." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85570.
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BBW (Brake by Wire) system improved day by day, as safety control of transport is one of the most pressing issues. A new EHB (electric hydraulic brake) booster has been proposed in this paper to develop cars in a way that it can reduce a possibility of accidents and minimizing their consequences. EHB with main cylinder electric booster is a typical BBW system. As no vacuum used to drive the EHB system, it is the best choice for the modern transportation technology. The effect of the brake is comfortable because of the motor, which is used to assist in braking and it makes braking softer. Also in case of any fault, emergency braking is always available which is fully manual and without the assistance of any motor. After the Analysis of many EHB booster designs, in this paper, a locking and unlocking hook system is introduced to control the braking system. It is a first approach that is simple and cost-effective. This brake system is an excellent choice because it is very safe, calculated, and serviceable in complete electrical vehicles. We used gear transmission system to achieve the required braking force with a little amount of torque. We also used SOLIDWORKS to design the model of the EHB booster and test dynamics. Introduced a mathematical model to change motor torque to linear force by using a ball screw mechanism. We verified it with MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation and Amesim model simulation. Reaction force, due to the fluid present in the main cylinder, was taken into account and a closed loop MATLAB/SIMULINK model was utilized to check kinematics of the designed booster.
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Xiao, Jie, and Bohdan Kulakowski. "Hybrid Genetic Algorithm: A Robust Parameter Estimation Technique and Its Application to Heavy Duty Vehicles." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41934.
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This study aims at establishing an accurate yet efficient parameter estimation strategy for developing dynamic vehicle models that can be easily implemented for simulation and controller design purposes. Generally, conventional techniques such as Least Square Estimation (LSE), Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), and Instrumental Variable Methods (IVM), can deliver sufficient estimation results for given models that are linear-in-the-parameter. However, many identification problems in the engineering world are very complex in nature and are quite difficult to solve by those techniques. For the nonlinear-in-the-parameter models, it is almost impossible to find an analytical solution. As a result, numerical algorithms have to be used in calculating the estimates. In the area of model parameter estimation for motor vehicles, most studies performed so far have been limited either to the linear-in-the-parameter models, or in their ability to handle multi-modal error surfaces. For models with nondifferentiable cost functions, the conventional methods will not be able to locate the optimal estimates of the unknown parameters. This concern naturally leads to the exploration of other search techniques. In particular, Genetic Algorithms (GAs), as population-based global optimization techniques that emulate natural genetic operators, have been introduced into the field of parameter estimation. In this paper, hybrid parameter estimation technique is developed to improve computational efficiency and accuracy of pure GA-based estimation. The proposed strategy integrates a GA and the Maximum Likelihood Estimation. Choices of input signals and estimation criterion are discussed involving an extensive sensitivity analysis. Experiment-related aspects, such as imperfection of data acquisition, are also considered. Computer simulation results reveal that the hybrid parameter estimation method proposed in this study shows great potential to outperform conventional techniques and pure GAs in accuracy, efficiency, as well as robustness with respect to the initial guesses and measurement uncertainty. Primary experimental validation is also implemented including interpretation and processing of field test data, as well as analysis of errors associated with aspects of experiment design. To provide more guidelines for implementing the hybrid GA approach, some practical guidelines on application of the proposed parameter estimation strategy are discussed.