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1
Ngan, Shing-kwong. "Comparison of electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles & LPG vehicles /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21301384.
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Tsui, Bing-cheung. "LPG vehicles : will they replace small diesel vehicles in Hong Kong? /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19946041.
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Toral, del Rio Maria Isabel. "An analysis of the influence of phosphorus poisoning on the exhaust emission after treatement systems of light-duty diesel vehicles." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/697.
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Climate change has become a discussion topic of exponentially increasing urgency and importance amoung world leaders of all disciplines. These changes are brought about by the emission of so-called Greenhouse gases from various human activities. The primary cause of CO2 emissions is the burning of the Earth’s supply of nonrenewable natural fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas. The world first agreed on the prevention of “dangerous” climatic changes at the Earth Summit in 1992. The Kyoto Protocol of 1997 was the first step toward protection of the atmosphere and prescribes restrictions on emission pollutants. Since then the vehicle gas emissions are being controlled by means of different gas emissions norms, like the European Union Norm in Europe. The automotive manufacturers and suppliers are collectively working on reducing overall vehicle emissions. They are focusing on several different emission limiting possibilities, for example improved engine design, special fuel development and exhaust gas treatment systems. The exhaust gas treatment process requires continuous controlling and management of the exhaust gas emissions while driving a vehicle. Certain factors such as high emission temperatures have a negative influence on the life span of these systems. Their functionality and durability is also known to be reduced by the presence of chemical poisoning species like sulphur, phosphorus, zinc and calcium. The chemical poisoning species are produced during combustion of fuel and engine oil. They are therefore contained in the exhaust emissions and can poison the catalyst when passing over it. Phosphorous poisoning is particularly problematic and should be reduced considerably. This study involves the investigation of the phosphorous poisoning process and aims to provide clarity regarding the influences of different fuel and oil compositions on the severity of the process. Engine oil and biodiesel are two major sources of phosphorous poisoning. The phosphorus contained in biodiesel fuel is a natural component and can be minimized during the refining procedure. In contrast to others studies, the biodiesel fuel used during this project was SME (Soya Methyl Ester) with a 20% biodiesel content. This choice of fuel was made because of the increasingly important role that this type of biodiesel is playing in the European market and the future tendency to increase the percentage of biodiesel in the mixture with standard diesel fuel. The phosphorus contained in engine oil is a necessary additive to retain the antioxidant and anti-wear properties of the oil. This study examined the poisoning influences from the most commonly used phosphorus containing oil additive, Zinc Dithiophosphates (ZDDP), as well as a Zn-free, phosphorus containing anti-wear oil additive. This formulation provides information about the phosphorus poisoning process as caused by the engine oil in the absence of Zn in the oil additives. The results show how the phosphorus content in biodiesel fuel affects the functionality of the exhaust gas treatment systems and the importance of reducing the permitted content of phosphorus contained in the fuel. Reducing the phosphorus content in the fuel will conserve the functionality of the exhaust gas treatment systems during their operational life and thereby protect the environmental from emission pollutants. It also provides insight into the differences in the poisoning processes when the phosphorus deposited on the catalyst comes from biodiesel fuel and when it comes from the engine oil. Finally the results also illustrate the influence of different phosphorous forms contained in engine oil additives on the catalyst poisoning process. This information could be used for the development of new oil additive formulations.
4
Wan, Ah-wai Angie. "A policy analysis of the liquefied petroleum gas vehicles scheme in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25138601.
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5
Madireddy, Madhava Rao. "Methods for reconstruction of transient emissions from heavy-duty vehicles." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5826.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2008.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 117 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 104-117).
6
Byers, Richard J. "Measurement of particulate matter size, concentration and mass emissions from in-use heavy duty vehicles." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1146.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xxi, 289 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 259-262).
7
Kern, Justin M. "Inventory and prediction of heavy-duty diesel vehicle emissions." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1245.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 125 p. : ill. (some col.), map Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-103).
8
Tsui, Bing-cheung, and 徐秉璋. "LPG vehicles: will they replace small diesel vehicles in Hong Kong?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254123.
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9
Ng, Bing Benson. "Cleaner alternative fuels for vehicles a cleaner future for Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23426044.
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Corrigan, Eric R. "Evaluating heavy-duty diesel engine aftertreatment devices with a split exhaust configuration." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1825.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 87 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-82).
11
Hall, Timothy S. "Effect of vehicle weight and model year on vehicle contribution to atmospheric pollutant inventories." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=2623.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 114 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 110-111).
12
Ng, Bing Benson, and 吳賓. "Cleaner alternative fuels for vehicles: a cleaner future for Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31255036.
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13
Khan, ABM Siddiqur Rahman. "Evaluating real-world idle emissions from heavy-duty vehicles." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4217.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 58 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-58).
14
Barnett, Ryan A. "Characterization of infield vehicle activity data and exhaust emissions from diesel powered off-road vehicles." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2094.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xv, 164 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 154-156).
15
Popuri, Sriram. "An experimental and computational investigation of microwave regeneration of diesel particulate traps." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=987.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xxvi, 293 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 252-263).
16
Flaugher, Joshua W. "Characterization of a series hydraulic hybrid diesel vehicle." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5487.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2007.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 95 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-60).
17
Rosepiler, Stephen G. "Performance evaluation of diesel particulate filters on heavy duty vehicles." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2867.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 114 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-103).
18
Zhang, Jun. "Particle matter emission control and related issues for diesel engines." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1521/.
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The particulate matter is probably one of the most critical issues of the diesel engine emissions. After years of research, people begin to understand it further, with respect to its impact on the environment and human health, its formation mechanism inside and outside the diesel engine, and most importantly, the methods to control its formation. This study has focused on the particulate matter emission control in diesel engines. It started with the application of two closely coupled Diesel Particle Filters (DPFs), consisting of an assistant DPF and a main standard honeycomb DPF, to replace the standard Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) + DPF system, commonly applied on diesel engines these days. This new after-treatment system showed a great potential to be adopted in the future, not only for the tighter emission regulations but also for the great cost reduction of the total after-treatment system by the reduction of the main DPF’s size and weight and more options of other cheaper materials. The back pressure problem revealed in the experiment was then studied through a one dimensional model simulation and its influence to the engine performance was discussed. Fuel injection parameters which are related with the engine performance and emissions were also investigated in the study. After careful calibrations, a single injection induced Partially Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI) combustion was achieved, in which mode, NOx and smoke emissions were reduced by more than 80% compared with using the normal multiple injections. Following that, the non-volatile particulate emissions under the pilot injection’s impacts were studied and the key parameters of the pilot control such as fuel quantity and injection timing were examined. The particulate number concentrations and size distributions were investigated under different engine operation conditions and the results illustrated how a pilot injection alongside a main injection could influence particulates and what these effects were closely related to. The research continued with the investigation of bio-fuels on the particle emission reduction, when 10% alternative diesel fuel blends (Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME) and Gas-to-Liquid (GTL)) were used. They indicated that without any modification to the engine, adding selected alternative fuels, even at a low percentage, could result in a noticeable reduction of the particle numbers, both in the total and the non-volatile parts; however, the number of nucleation mode particles could increase in certain cases. It was also revealed that the engine suffered very high numbers of the nucleation mode particulates during warming up.
19
Lefort, Isaline. "Thermally efficient advanced diesel exhaust aftertreatment for cleaner vehicles." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6299/.
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Increased diesel vehicle use and growing concerns about the health and environmental effects of exhaust gas pollutants lead to a greater attention upon the reduction of vehicle emissions. The evolution of driving patterns and vehicle technologies lead to lower average exhaust gas temperatures. This can limit the diesel aftertreatment (catalyst) system's ability to meet increasingly stringent emissions legislation. A thermally efficient aftertreatment system can be produced through advanced and novel catalyst designs. The research work presented in this thesis investigates diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and exhaust gas properties that can enhance aftertreatment performance at low temperatures. Firstly, an advanced two-catalyst configuration is designed that widens the aftertreatment system operating temperature window. Catalyst cell density, wall thickness and material choices were optimised using theoretical equations, modelling tools and an experimental approach. Secondly, strategics were developed to assist the aftertreatment low temperature activity through the understanding of exhaust species interactions (inhibition and promotion) within the catalyst. This was achieved by varying the exhaust composition at the catalyst inlet, using alternative fuels and combustion modes. Finally, a catalyst component combining a filtration/oxidation function (partial-flow filter) was found to promote particulate removal while reducing the needs for diesel particulate filter active regeneration.
20
Ngan, Shing-kwong, and 顔成廣. "Comparison of electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles & LPG vehicles." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254354.
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Buffamonte, Thomas M. "Evaluation of regulated emissions from heavy-duty diesel vehicles in the south coast air basin." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2982.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 130 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-130).
22
Johnson, Kent Charles. "Quantitative assessment on in-use emissions from on-road diesel vehicles." Diss., UC access only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=134&did=1974971641&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=7&retrieveGroup=0&VType=PQD&VInst=PROD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1270570208&clientId=48051.
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Lim, McKenzie C. H. "Chemical and physical characterization of aerosols from the exhaust emissions of motor vehicles." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16428/1/McKenzie_Lim_Thesis.pdf.
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The number concentration and size distribution of particles in Brisbane have been studied extensively by the researchers at The International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology (Morawska et al., 1998, 1999a, 1999b). However, the comprehensive studies of chemical compositions of atmospheric particles, especially with regard to the two main classes of pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace elements), that are usually of environmental and health interest, have not been fully undertaken. Therefore, this thesis presents detailed information on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and elemental compositions of vehicle exhausts and of urban air in Brisbane.
The levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and elements in three of Brisbane's urban sites (Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba and ANZ stadium sites) were measured. The most common PAHs found in all sites were naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene and chrysene while Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Si, Sn, Sr and Zn were the most common elements detected in the total suspended particles and fine particle (PM2.5). With the aid of multivariate analysis techniques, several outcomes were obtained. For example:
-- Major human activities such as vehicular and industrial sources were the most contributing pollution sources in Brisbane. However, these two sources have different influential strength on the compositions of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace inorganic elements found in the urban air.
-- Woolloongabba bus platform was the most polluted site on the basis of the elemental and PAH compositions in its air samples while QUT site was the worst polluted site in terms of PM2.5 elemental contents.
These results demonstrated that the impact of traffic related pollutants on Brisbane's urban air is significant. This led to the investigations of the direct emissions of pollutants from exhaust vehicular source in the second part of this research work. The exhaust studies included the investigations of PAHs, trace inorganic elements and particles. At the time of the study, the majority of vehicles in Brisbane used low sulfur diesel (LSD) fuel or unleaded petrol (ULP). However, the importance of vehicles using ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is constantly growing. Therefore, the exhaust emission studies on chassis dynamometer from heavy duty non-catalyst-equipped buses powered by LSD and ULSD with 500 ppm and 50 ppm sulfur contents respectively as well as passenger cars powered by ULP and LPG were explored. The outcomes of such studies are summarized as follows:
-- Naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, fluoranthene and pyrene were frequently emitted by the buses powered by LSD and ULSD. However, buses powered by ULSD emitted 91% less PAHs than those powered by LSD. On the other hand, Mg, Ca, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ti, Ni, Pb, Be, P, Se, Ti and Ge were found in measurable quantities in the exhaust of the buses. The emissions of the elements were found to be strongly influenced by the engine driving conditions of the buses and fuel parameters such as sulfur content, fuel density and cetane index.
-- Naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo(a)anthracene and benzo(b)fluoranthene were predominantly emitted by ULP and LPG cars. On the average, the total emission factors of PAHs from LPG cars were generally lower than those of ULP cars, but given the large variations in the emission factors of cars powered by the same type of fuel, differences in the emission factors from both car types were statistically insignificant. In general, platinum group elements and many other elements were found in the exhausts of cars powered by both fuels. Emissions of inorganic elements from the cars were dependent on the type and the mileage of the cars. For example, ULP cars generally emitted higher levels of Cu, Mg, Al and Zn while LPG cars emitted higher level of V. In addition, cars with higher mileages were associated with higher emissions of the major elements (Zn, Al, Fe, V and Cu).
-- Buses powered by ULSD usually emitted fewer particles, which were generally 31% to 59% lower than those emitted by LSD powered buses. Similarly, cars powered by LPG emitted less particles from those powered by ULP fuel. However, more nanoparticles (those with aerodynamic diameters of less than 50 nm) were emitted by LPG powered cars than their ULP counterparts.
Health effect assessment of the exhaust PAHs was evaluated in terms of benzo(a)pyrene toxicity equivalent (BAPeq). The potential toxicities of PAHs emitted by ULSD powered buses were generally lower than those emitted by their LSD counterparts. A similar trend with lower emissions of PAHs from LPG cars than from ULP cars was observed when otherwise identical passenger cars were powered by LPG and ULP fuels.
In summary, this thesis has shown that the majority of airborne particles found around Brisbane have anthropogenic origins, particularly vehicle emissions, and that fuel or lubricant formulations and engine operating conditions play important roles in the physical and chemical characteristics of pollutants emitted by vehicles. The implications of these results on worldwide strategies to reduce the environmental and health effects of particles emitted by motor vehicles were discussed. In this regard, direct emission measurements from vehicles powered by LSD, ULSD, ULP and LPG unveiled the relative environmental benefits associated with the use of ULSD in place of LSD to power diesel engines, and of LPG in place of ULP to power passenger cars.
24
Lim, McKenzie C. H. "Chemical and physical characterization of aerosols from the exhaust emissions of motor vehicles." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16428/.
Full textAbstract:
The number concentration and size distribution of particles in Brisbane have been studied extensively by the researchers at The International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology (Morawska et al., 1998, 1999a, 1999b). However, the comprehensive studies of chemical compositions of atmospheric particles, especially with regard to the two main classes of pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace elements), that are usually of environmental and health interest, have not been fully undertaken. Therefore, this thesis presents detailed information on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and elemental compositions of vehicle exhausts and of urban air in Brisbane. The levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and elements in three of Brisbane's urban sites (Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba and ANZ stadium sites) were measured. The most common PAHs found in all sites were naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene and chrysene while Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Si, Sn, Sr and Zn were the most common elements detected in the total suspended particles and fine particle (PM2.5). With the aid of multivariate analysis techniques, several outcomes were obtained. For example: -- Major human activities such as vehicular and industrial sources were the most contributing pollution sources in Brisbane. However, these two sources have different influential strength on the compositions of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace inorganic elements found in the urban air. -- Woolloongabba bus platform was the most polluted site on the basis of the elemental and PAH compositions in its air samples while QUT site was the worst polluted site in terms of PM2.5 elemental contents. These results demonstrated that the impact of traffic related pollutants on Brisbane's urban air is significant. This led to the investigations of the direct emissions of pollutants from exhaust vehicular source in the second part of this research work. The exhaust studies included the investigations of PAHs, trace inorganic elements and particles. At the time of the study, the majority of vehicles in Brisbane used low sulfur diesel (LSD) fuel or unleaded petrol (ULP). However, the importance of vehicles using ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is constantly growing. Therefore, the exhaust emission studies on chassis dynamometer from heavy duty non-catalyst-equipped buses powered by LSD and ULSD with 500 ppm and 50 ppm sulfur contents respectively as well as passenger cars powered by ULP and LPG were explored. The outcomes of such studies are summarized as follows: -- Naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, fluoranthene and pyrene were frequently emitted by the buses powered by LSD and ULSD. However, buses powered by ULSD emitted 91% less PAHs than those powered by LSD. On the other hand, Mg, Ca, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ti, Ni, Pb, Be, P, Se, Ti and Ge were found in measurable quantities in the exhaust of the buses. The emissions of the elements were found to be strongly influenced by the engine driving conditions of the buses and fuel parameters such as sulfur content, fuel density and cetane index. -- Naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo(a)anthracene and benzo(b)fluoranthene were predominantly emitted by ULP and LPG cars. On the average, the total emission factors of PAHs from LPG cars were generally lower than those of ULP cars, but given the large variations in the emission factors of cars powered by the same type of fuel, differences in the emission factors from both car types were statistically insignificant. In general, platinum group elements and many other elements were found in the exhausts of cars powered by both fuels. Emissions of inorganic elements from the cars were dependent on the type and the mileage of the cars. For example, ULP cars generally emitted higher levels of Cu, Mg, Al and Zn while LPG cars emitted higher level of V. In addition, cars with higher mileages were associated with higher emissions of the major elements (Zn, Al, Fe, V and Cu). -- Buses powered by ULSD usually emitted fewer particles, which were generally 31% to 59% lower than those emitted by LSD powered buses. Similarly, cars powered by LPG emitted less particles from those powered by ULP fuel. However, more nanoparticles (those with aerodynamic diameters of less than 50 nm) were emitted by LPG powered cars than their ULP counterparts. Health effect assessment of the exhaust PAHs was evaluated in terms of benzo(a)pyrene toxicity equivalent (BAPeq). The potential toxicities of PAHs emitted by ULSD powered buses were generally lower than those emitted by their LSD counterparts. A similar trend with lower emissions of PAHs from LPG cars than from ULP cars was observed when otherwise identical passenger cars were powered by LPG and ULP fuels. In summary, this thesis has shown that the majority of airborne particles found around Brisbane have anthropogenic origins, particularly vehicle emissions, and that fuel or lubricant formulations and engine operating conditions play important roles in the physical and chemical characteristics of pollutants emitted by vehicles. The implications of these results on worldwide strategies to reduce the environmental and health effects of particles emitted by motor vehicles were discussed. In this regard, direct emission measurements from vehicles powered by LSD, ULSD, ULP and LPG unveiled the relative environmental benefits associated with the use of ULSD in place of LSD to power diesel engines, and of LPG in place of ULP to power passenger cars.
25
Thiagarajan, Sairam. "Effect of driving cycles on the particulate mass and number emissions from in-use heavy heavy-duty diesel vehicles." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3696.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2004.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 152 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 82-86).
26
Sinuka, Yonwaba. "Performance testing of a diesel engine running on varying blends of jatropha oil, waste cooking oil and diesel fuel." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2436.
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Thesis (MTech (Mechanical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.The high cost of fossil fuels and the fact that the world has arguably reached its peak oil production, has driven the need to seek alternative fuel sources. The main objective of the current study is to determine the performance of a laboratory-mounted diesel engine when fuelled with varying laboratory prepared biofuel and biodiesel and whether the advancement of the injection timing parameters will improve the engine power output and improve the smoke effect of these different fuel blends. The laboratory prepared biofuels used in this project range from 100% bio-fuel (BF100) to 50%, 30% and 10% biodiesel blends (BF50, BF30 and BF10, respectively). It should be noted that these blends are not commercially available, since they were blended in the laboratory specifically for these tests. The overall results of the study show that there is a distinct opportunity for using certain bio-fuel blends in specific applications as the power outputs are no more than one quarter less than that of base diesel. Concomitantly, the smoke opacity in all of the blends is lower than that of base diesel, which is a significant benefit in terms of their overall air emissions.
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Pecula, Mauro Miguel. "Estudo de erro de transmissão e ruído de engrenamento do sistema de distribuição de um motor diesel." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263327.
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Orientador: José Maria Campos dos SantosDissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação e Instituto de Química
Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-11T21:15:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pecula_MauroMiguel_M.pdf: 3399170 bytes, checksum: eb3730f4b592d4e1060f9a87cfd2bfe4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: Os requisitos de qualidade sonora estão sendo cada vez mais utilizados no mercado de caminhões médios e pesados. Assim, proprietários de veículos sentem-se incomodados pelo ruído de engrenamento. O estudo do ruído de engrenamento neste trabalho baseia-se em um par engrenado de um motor diesel pesado de aplicação veicular. Como primeiro estudo foi calculado o erro de transmissão das engrenagens por meio das deformações dos dentes sob carga que conforme a literatura a sua amplitude de pico a pico está diretamente relacionada com o ruído de engrenamento. A verificação desta influência foi feita através de medições vibro - acústicas do motor em marcha lenta. Os dados calculados do erro de transmissão e dos sinais medidos foram confrontados obtendo-se convergência. Uma análise de qualidade sonora, por meio de teste de júri, foi realizada para verificar o impacto do ruído de engrenamento na qualidade sonora
Abstract: The requirements of sound quality are increasingly being used in medium and heavy trucks market. Then, owners of vehicles fell troubled by whine noise. The study of whine noise in this thesis is based in one geared pair of a heavy duty diesel engine for vehicular application. As a first approach the transmission error of the gears was calculated by the deformations of the teeth under load (compliance), according to literature, the transmission error peak to peak amplitude, had directly correlation with the whine noise. The proofing of this influence was performed through vibro-acoustics measurements of the engine in low idle. The calculated data of transmission error and processed measurements signals were confronted, obtaining convergence. A sound quality analysis, by juri test, was performed to verify the impact of the whine noise in sound quality
Mestrado
Dinâmica
Mestre em Engenharia Automobilistica
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溫雅惠 and Ah-wai Angie Wan. "A policy analysis of the liquefied petroleum gas vehicles scheme in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31967048.
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Hamedi, Mohammadreza. "Advanced thermal management of diesel aftertreatment systems." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7059/.
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State-of-the-art diesel exhaust gas aftertreatment systems have proved to substantially decrease vehicles’ emissions. However, their effectiveness depends on the temperature of the exhaust gas and catalysts to activate the emissions’ conversion reactions. In this research study, different strategies for thermal management of diesel aftertreatment systems were investigated to reduce vehicles’ emissions. A thermal energy storage (TES) system was developed and implemented for a light-duty diesel aftertreatment system. In this approach, the extra thermal energy of the exhaust gas during engine’s high-load conditions can be stored and reused when required, in order to maintain the emissions’ conversion reactions during a driving cycle. The results indicated that by increasing the thermal conductivity of the thermal energy storage medium and the catalyst’s substrate, the TES system can reduce the vehicle’s cumulative CO and THC emissions by 91.7% and 41.2% respectively. Active heating of the aftertreatment system was studied to provide the catalysts with the required thermal energy, in order to shorten the catalyst’s light-off period and also prevent the catalyst from light-out during a driving cycle. A pulsating electrical catalyst heating strategy and a combined electrical heating and fuel post-injection approach were developed to increase the heating efficiency while minimizing the vehicle’s emissions.
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Maimoun, Mousa Awad. "Environmental study of solid waste collection." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4793.
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The growing municipal solid waste generation rates have necessitated more efficient, optimized waste collection facilities. The majority of the US collection fleet is composed of diesel-fueled vehicles which contribute significant atmospheric emissions including greenhouse gases. In order to reduce emissions to the atmosphere, more collection agencies are investigating alternative fuel technologies such as natural gas, biofuels (bio-gas and bio-diesel), and hybrid electric technology. This research is an in-depth environmental analysis of potential alternative fuel technologies for waste collection vehicles. This study will evaluate the use of alternative fuels by waste collection vehicles. Life-cycle emissions, cost, fuel and energy consumption were evaluated for a wide range of fossil and bio-fuel technologies. Moreover, the energy consumption and the tail-pipe emissions of diesel-fueled waste collection vehicles were estimated using MOVES 2010a software. Emission factors were calculated for a typical waste collection driving cycle as well as constant speed. Finally, the selection of fuel type by the waste collection industry requires consideration of environmental, security, financial, operational, and safety issues. In this study, a qualitative comparison between alternative fuels was performed; a multifactorial assessment of these factors was conducted taking into account the opinion of the waste collection industry of the importance of each factor. Liquid-petroleum fuels have higher life-cycle emissions compared to natural gas; however landfill natural gas has the lowest life-cycle emissions compared to all other fuel categories. Compressed natural gas waste collection vehicles have the lowest fuel cost per collection vehicle mile travel compared to other fuel categories. Moreover, the actual driving cycle of waste collection vehicles consists of repetitive stops and starts during waste collection; this generates more emissions than constant speed driving. Finally, the multifactorial assessment indicates that natural gas and landfill gas have better environmental, economical, and energy security performance than current liquid-petroleum fuels.ID: 030646260; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.Env.E.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-77).
M.S.Env.E.
Masters
Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Environmental Engineering
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Aksu, Cagdas. "Performance Analysis Of A Compression Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Using Superheated Ethanol Vapor." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613255/index.pdf.
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The aim of this study is to experimentally measure performance characteristics of a compression ignition (CI) internal combustion engine using superheated ethanol vapor. The engine is a 1.3L inline 4 cylinder direct injection (DI) turbocharged compression ignition (CI) engine. While the engine will be fed with superheated ethanol as homogeneous fuel-air mixture through intake manifold, the amount of diesel fuel that the engine requires to run at idle will also be supplied in order to initiate combustion. Ethanol will be superheated using a new patented double heat exchanger has been manufactured by Prof. Dr. Demir Bayka, Dr. Anil Karel and Deniz Çakar. The results will indicate if the suggested concept can be applicable.
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Kotze, Johan. "A comparative study on the performance of biodiesel in a modern 1.9L turbo diesel engine." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4293.
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Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis comprises of the testing and evaluation of a modern diesel engine running on both biodiesel and mineral diesel on the upgraded Bio-fuels Testing Facility (BTF) at Stellenbosch University. The project was motivated by the need to install a modern diesel engine onto the existing BTF test rig for biodiesel testing. In this project, the BTF was re-designed to support a new Volkswagen 1.9L TDI engine. The capabilities of the BTF were then expanded further by the implementation of a low-cost pressure indicating system, utilising an optical pressure transducer. During the testing of biodiesel, it was found that the calorific value of the biodiesel was 14% lower than that of the tested mineral diesel. The ignition quality (cetane index) of the biodiesel was also lower than that of the mineral diesel. Even so, the engine only experienced a maximum power loss of 4.2%. During heat-release analysis, it was determined that there was no significant difference in the combustion process of biodiesel and that of mineral diesel. The conclusion could be made that biodiesel is suitable for use in modern TDI engines. Testing validated the operation of the upgraded test cell, and in trials it was determined that the test results are highly repeatable. The pressure indicating set proved to have some limitations. Only simplified heat-release analyses and reasonable indicated power calculations could be performed with the indicating set. Recommendations were made for improvement in future research.
Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies
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Thornhill, Dwight Anthony Corey. "Air Quality in Mexico City: Spatial and Temporal Variations of Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Source Apportionment of Gasoline-Versus-Diesel Vehicle Emissions." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34421.
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The Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) is one of the largest cities in the world, and as with many megacities worldwide, it experiences serious air quality and pollution problems, especially with ozone and particulate matter. Ozone levels exceed the health-based standard, which is equivalent to the U.S. standard, on approximately 80% of all days, and concentrations of particulate matter 10 μm and smaller (PM10) exceed the standard on more than 40% of all days in most years. Particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of semi-volatile compounds that are formed during combustion and many of these compounds are known or suspected carcinogens. Recent studies on PAHs in Mexico City indicate that very high concentrations have been observed there and may pose a serious health hazard.
The first part of this thesis describes results from the Megacities Initiative: Local and Regional Observations (MILAGRO) study in Mexico City in March 2006. During this field campaign, we measured PAH and aerosol active surface area (AS) concentrations at six different locations throughout the city using the Aerodyne Mobile Laboratory (AML). The different sites encompassed a mix of residential, commercial, industrial, and undeveloped land use. The goals of this research were to describe spatial and temporal patterns in PAH and AS concentrations, to gain insight into sources of PAHs, and to quantify the relationships between PAHs and other pollutants. We observed that the highest measurements were generally found at sites with dense traffic networks. Also, PAH concentrations varied considerably in space. An important implication of this result is that for risk assessment studies, a single monitoring site will not adequately represent an individual's exposure.
Source identification and apportionment are essential for developing effective control strategies to improve air quality and therefore reduce the health impacts associated with fine particulate matter and PAHs. However, very few studies have separated gasoline- versus diesel-powered vehicle emissions under a variety of on-road driving conditions. The second part of this thesis focuses on distinguishing between the two types of engine emissions within the MCMA using positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor modeling. The Aerodyne Mobile Laboratory drove throughout the MCMA in March 2006 and measured on-road concentrations of a large suite of gaseous and particulate pollutants, including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), benzene (C6H6), formaldehyde (HCHO), ammonia (NH3), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), PAHs, and black carbon (BC). These pollutant species served as the input data for the receptor model. Fuel-based emission factors and annual emissions within Mexico City were then calculated from the source profiles of the PMF model and fuel sales data. We found that gasoline-powered vehicles were responsible for 90% of mobile source CO emissions and 85% of VOCs, while diesel-powered vehicles accounted for almost all of NO emissions (99.98%). Furthermore, the annual emissions estimates for CO and VOC were lower than estimated during the MCMA-2003 field campaign.
The number of megacities is expected to grow dramatically in the coming decades. As one of the world's largest megacities, Mexico City serves as a model for studying air quality problems in highly populated, extremely polluted environments. The results of this work can be used by policy makers to improve air quality and reduce related health risks in Mexico City and other megacities.Master of Science
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Januário, João Manuel de Sousa. "Project of refurbishment and alteration of railway vehicles." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23419.
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Mestrado em Engenharia MecânicaO presente relatório de estágio traduz o trabalho desenvolvido entre Março e Setembro de 2017 na empresa DB Systemtechnik, em Cottbus, na Alemanha. Este ocorreu no âmbito da unidade curricular Dissertação/Projeto/Estágio do segundo semestre do quinto ano do Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica da Universidade de Aveiro. O trabalho teve como objetivo o apoio às atividades de projeto mecânico inseridos na atualização e renovação do material circulante de tração Diesel da DB Cargo. Neste âmbito foram desenvolvidas diferentes atividades de projeto mecânico aqui organizadas segundo diferentes casos de estudo. O projeto principal foi a hibridização de uma locomotiva ligeira diesel-hidráulica (BR294) através de uma transmissão planetária gestora de potência (Projeto HELMS), onde a DB Systemtechnik integrou os sistemas mecânicos, elétricos e de controlo. Neste projeto deu-se apoio à conceção e construção do circuito de refrigeração do motor diesel, à renovação de painéis para a carroçaria e cabine, à construção de estruturas de proteção de componentes de acordo com as normas de proteção antifogo e à construção de estruturas de apoio ao teste estático com dinam ómetro/gerador. Desenvolveram-se também projetos mais pequenos de reparação e modernização de outras séries de material circulante nomeadamente das series BR23x e BR212, onde se procedeu ao projeto de elementos de revestimento e proteção da cabine para substituição de elementos dani - cados por corrosão e desenvolvimento de elementos de suporte a pequenos dispositivos eletrónicos. Paralelamente às atividades de projeto mecânico desenvolvidas na empresa DB Systemtechnik, e com o intuito de melhor conhecer a tecnologia associada ao material circulante foram realizadas visitas técnicas à EMEF - Unidade de Manutenção de Alta Velocidade no Porto, à feira TRAKO 2017 na Polónia e a participação no congresso internacional Wayside Train Monitoring Systems 2017 em Berlim.
The following internship report re ects the work done between March and September 2017 on DB Systemtechnik, in Cottbus, Germany. This work was made in context of the subject "Dissertation/Project/Internship" of the second semester of the fth year of the Intergrated Master Degree in Mechanical Engineering of the University of Aveiro. The objective was to give support to the mechanical project and construction activities on the modi cation and refurbishment of DB Cargo's diesel locomotives eet. In this context, di erent mechanical project activities were developed, and are here organized in di erent case studies. The main project was the hybridization of a hydro-mechanical light locomotive (BR294) with a complex powerdividing planetary gearbox (HELMS project), where DB Systemtechnik was in charge of the mechanical, electrical and control systems integration. On this project, support was given on the construction of the diesel engine cooling system, renovation of bodywork and cabin, construction of protective structures according to reproof standards and construction of support components of the static integration test. Some minor projects of repairing and modernization of other series of locomotives were also developed, namely the project of corrosion repairing panels for the bodywork and cabin of the BR23x and the project of support elements for electronic devices on the BR212. Parallel to the mechanical project activities developed on the company DB Systemtechnik, and with the objective of gain some knowledge of the technology associated with rolling stock, some technical visits were made to the facilities of "EMEF - High Speed Maintenance Unit" in Porto, visit to the railway fair "TRAKO 2017" in Poland and the attendance of the international congress "Wayside Train Monitoring Systems 2017" in Berlin.
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Gill, Simaranjit Singh. "Controlling diesel NO_x & PM emissions using fuel components and enhanced aftertreatment techniques : developing the next generation emission control system." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3643/.
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The following research thesis focuses on methods of controlling nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and particulate matter (PM) emissions emitted from a low temperature diesel exhaust. This involves studying the influence of hydrogen (H₂) on various aftertreatment devices such as hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction (HC-SCR) over silver-alumina (Ag-Al₂O₃) catalysts for lean NO_x reduction, platinum diesel oxidation catalysts (DOC) for nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) production and passive regeneration methods for the diesel particulate filter (DPF). H₂ was implemented on-board either through diesel exhaust gas fuel reforming or via the simulation of ammonia (NH₃) dissociation. Both methods showed to be very effective in enhancing the activity of a silver HC-SCR catalyst for the reduction of NO_x with conversions reaching 90% with the aid of an upstream DPF. A combined DOC and catalysed DPF (cDPF) configuration proved promising for passive regeneration in the presence of reformed exhaust gas recirculation (REGR). The addition of H₂ over the DOC led to an improved catalyst light-off temperature and increased rate of oxidation for NO₂ production. Implementing filtered EGR (FEGR) removes the hydrocarbon (HC) and soot recirculation penalty, thus minimising particulate growth which results in a significantly reduced engine-out soot emission during exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and hence, an improved NO_x/soot ratio. Introducing fuel components which enhance the cetane number and oxygenate the diesel fuel allow better control of the NO_x/soot trade-off with improved soot oxidation properties.
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Auñón, García Ángel. "Development and validation of a virtual engine model for simulating standard testing cycles." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/168906.
Full textAbstract:
[ES] Las nuevas regulaciones en materia de emisiones de efecto invernadero y calidad del aire han conducido la evolución tecnológica de los motores de combustión interna durante los últimos años. Las mejoras en el proceso de la combustión, la sobrealimentación, la gestión térmica, los sistemas de post tratamiento y técnicas como la recirculación de gases de escape, han permitido que los motores de combustión interna de hoy en día sean cada vez más limpios. La adopción en Europa del nuevo ciclo de homologación WLTP, que considera un ciclo de conducción más realista que su predecesor el NEDC, así como la necesidad de evaluar las emisiones contaminantes en diferentes escenarios de temperatura ambiente y de altitud, suponen un desafío para los fabricantes a la hora de diseñar y optimizar sus motores. En este contexto, el modelado unidimensional del motor ofrece la posibilidad de desarrollar y probar diferentes soluciones con la suficiente precisión,a la vez que permite agilizar el proceso de diseño del motor y reducir los costes de éste.
El objetivo de esta tesis es el de desarrollar un modelo completo de motor virtual que permita simular condiciones transitorias de régimen de giro y grado de carga, así como diferentes condiciones ambientales de presión y temperatura. Con este modelo de motor se pretende predecir las principales variables termo-fluidodinámicas en diferentes puntos del motor y las emisiones contaminantes liberadas en el escape.
Por otra parte, el arranque en frío y el funcionamiento a bajas temperaturas están asociados a un mayor consumo, mayores emisiones de hidrocarburos (HC) y monóxido de carbono (CO), así como mayores emisiones de óxidos de nitrógeno (NOx) debido a la desactivación de los sistemas de recirculación de gases de escape. Para paliar estos efectos adversos, una opción es lograr que el sistema de postratamiento alcance su temperatura de activación lo más pronto posible. En este trabajo se aborda este objetivo mediante dos soluciones. Por un lado, se ha explorado la posibilidad de elevar la temperatura de los gases en el escape mediante un sistema de distribución variable. Con este método se pueden reducir las emisiones de CO y HC en torno a un 40-50 % y las emisiones de NOx hasta un 15 % durante la primera fase del ciclo WLTC, a costa de una penalización en el consumo de combustible. Por otro lado, también se ha estudiado la posibilidad de aislar térmicamente el sistema de escape. En este caso, es posible reducir las emisiones de CO y HC en torno a un 30 % sin mejorar las de NOx.[CA] Les noves regulacions en matèria d'emissions d'efecte d'hivernacle i qualitat de l'aire han conduït la evolució tecnològica dels motors de combustió interna durant els darrers anys. Les millores en el procés de la combustió, la sobrealimentació, la gestió tèrmica, els sistemes de postractament i tècniques com la recirculació de gasos d'escapament, han permès que els motors de combustió interna d'avui dia siguen cada vegada més nets. L'adopció a Europa del nou cicle d'homologació WLTP, que considera un cicle de conducció més realista que el seu predecessor el NEDC, així com la necessitat d'avaluar les emissions de gasos contaminants en diferents escenaris de temperatura ambient i humitat, suposen un repte per als fabricants a l'hora de dissenyar i optimitzar els seus motors. En aquest context, el modelatge unidimensional del motor ofereix la possibilitat de desenvolupar i provar diferents solucions amb la suficient precisió, al mateix temps que agilitza el procés de disseny del motor i reduïx els costos derivats d'aquest. L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és el de desenvolupar un model complete de motor virtual que permeta simular condicions transitòries de règim de gir i grau de càrrega, així com diferents condicions ambientals de pressió i temperatura. Amb aquest model de motor es pretén predir les principals variables termo-fluidodinàmiques en diferents punts del motor i les emissions contaminants alliberades en l'escapament. Per altra banda, l'arrancada en fred i el funcionament a baixes temperatures están associats a un major consum, majors emissions d'hidrocarburs (HC) i monòxid de carboni (CO), així com majors emissions d'òxids de nitrògen (NOx) degudes a la desactivació dels sistemes de recirculació de gasos d'escapament. Per a pal·liar aquestos efectes indesitjats, una opció és aconseguir que el sistema de postractament arribe a la seua temperatura d'activació el més prompte possible. En aquest treball, aquest objectiu s'aborda mitjançant dues solucions. Per una banda, s'ha investigat la possibilitat d'augmentar la temperatura dels gasos en l'escapament per mitjà d'un sistema de distribució variable. Amb aquest mètode s'ha aconseguit reduïr les emissions de CO i HC al voltant d'un 40-50 % i les emissions de NOx fins a un 15 % durant la primera fase del cicle WLTC, acosta d'una penalització en el consum de combustible. Per altra banda, també s'ha estudiat la possibilitat d'aïllar tèrmicament el sistema d'escapament. En aquest cas, és possible reduir les emissions de CO i HC vora un 30 % sense millorar les de NOx .
[EN] The new regulations regarding greenhouse emissions and air quality have led the technological progress of the internal combustion engines during the recent years. Improvements in the combustion process, turbocharging, thermal management, after-treatment systems and techniques such as the exhaust gases recirculation, have resulted in cleaner internal combustion engines. The adoption of the new type approval test in Europe, so-called WLTP, which represents a more realistic driving cycle than its forerunner the NEDC, as well as the need to evaluate pollutant emissions at different conditions of ambient temperature and altitude, represent a challenge for manufacturers when it comes to design and optimise their engines. In this context, one-dimensional engine models offer the possibility to develop and test different solutions with enough accuracy, while hastening the engine design process and reducing its costs. The main objective of this thesis is to develop a complete virtual engine model able to simulate transient conditions of engine speed and load, as well as different ambient conditions of pressure and temperature. The engine model is used to predict the main thermo-and fluid dynamic variables at different engine locations and the tailpipe pollutant emissions. Furthermore, engine cold start and its operation at low temperature is associated to a greater fuel consumption, hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions; as well as more nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions due to the deactivation of the exhaust gases recirculation systems. A solution to mitigate these negative effects is to heat up the after-treatment system so as to achieve its activation temperature as soon as possible. In the work presented, this goal is addressed through two different standpoints. On the one hand, variable valve timing systems have been studied as a way to increase the exhaust gases temperature. With this option it is possible to reduce CO and HC emissions by 40-50 % and NOx emissions by 15 % during the first stage of the WLTC cycle, at the expense of a penalty in the fuel consumption. On the other hand, the thermal insulation of the exhaust system has also been studied with the same objective. In this case, it is possible to reduce CO and HC emissions by 30 %, while not improving NOx ones.
The author wishes to acknowledge the financial support received through the FPI S2 2018 1048 grant of Programa de Apoyo para la Investigación y Desarrollo (PAID) of Universitat Politècnica de València.
Auñón García, Á. (2021). Development and validation of a virtual engine model for simulating standard testing cycles [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/168906
TESIS
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Cirillo, Emily D. "Development of a micro-dilution tunnel system for in-use, on-board heavy duty vehicle particulate matter emissions measurement." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2085.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 147 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 120-124).
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Riddle, Wesley C. "Design and evaluation of the emissions measurement components for a heavy-duty diesel powered vehicle mobile emissions measurement system (MEMS)." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1939.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 167 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-130).
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Andrei, Paul. "Real world heavy-duty vehicle emissions modeling." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2048.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xviii, 100 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 98-100).
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Nyika, Paidamoyo A. "An anaysis [sic] of a reformulated emission control diesel effects on heavy duty vehicle diesel exhaust emissions." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2120.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 111 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-111).
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Xu, Zhuyun. "Analysis of particulate matter concentration and size distribution in heavy-duty vehicle exhaust emissions." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2012.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 133 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-133).
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Gajendran, Prakash. "Development of a heavy duty diesel vehicle emissions inventory prediction methodology." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4263.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2005.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xv, 173 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 168-173).
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Kim, Donghee. "Nucleation and coagulation of particulate matter inside a turbulent exhaust plume of a diesel vehicle." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2305.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2002.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xv, 198 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-177).
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Wei, Fang. "A study on the improvement of marine diesel engine transient performance by means of air injection." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36834841.
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Zhan, Yiju. "A high performance switched reluctance motor drive for electric vehicles /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19833945.
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Moynahan, Nathan A. "Development of a vehicle road load model for ECU broadcast power verification in on-road emissions testing." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4454.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 117 p. : ill. (some col.), col. map. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-77).
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Jiang, Shuzhong, and 姜淑忠. "An advanced pole-changing induction motor drive for electric vehicles." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31245407.
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Wei, Fang, and 魏昉. "A study on the improvement of marine diesel engine transient performance by means of air injection." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36834841.
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Zhang, Ruoju, and 張若菊. "A new PM hybrid motor drive for electric vehicles." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31472849.
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詹宜巨 and Yiju Zhan. "A high performance switched reluctance motor drive for electric vehicles." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31238026.
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