Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Motorisches Lernen'
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Hendrich, Eva. "Motorisches Lernen und kontralateraler Transfer." Diss., lmu, 2003. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-15638.
Full textHänsel, Frank. "Instruktionspsychologie motorischen Lernens /." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/34697643x.pdf.
Full textKienitz, Bastian [Verfasser]. "Motorisches Lernen in Drosophila melanogaster / Bastian Kienitz." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1021244163/34.
Full textKienitz, Bastian [Verfasser]. "Motorisches Lernen in Drosophila melanogaster / Bastian Kienitz." Aachen : Shaker, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1081887095/34.
Full textKünzell, Stefan. "Die Bedeutung der Efferenzkopie für das motorische Lernen /." Berlin : Dissertation.de, 2003. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015195968&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textStöckel, Tino. "Beidseitiges Training im Sport die optimale anfängliche Übungsseite beim motorischen Lernen." Schorndorf Hofmann, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1003460003/04.
Full textFries, Udo. "Kontexteffekte beim motorischen Lernen." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-179889.
Full textOur memory not only stores information that seem important to us but also circumstances, surroundings where information are gathered – so called contextual information. The present work therefore aims to sharpen the understanding of the mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon in the field of motor learning and to investigate different theoretical models by two experiments with sequence learning tasks and additionally by a complex sports skill. Two experiments were conducted to investigate any discriminative character of incidental context information which would facilitate the recall of two similar movement sequences. An absence of interference-effects was hypothesized. Both experiments took place in accordance with a pro-/retroactive interference design. In experiment 1 (N = 30) subjects of the experimental group (EG) learned two dynamic sequences (S1 and S2) on two successive days while members of the control groups only learned either S1 or S2. Incidental Context information was provided by different background colors. On day 3 retention and transfertests were conducted for all groups. Results showed that incidental Context information alone could not avoid retroactive interference effect (Experiment 1). Directing participants’ attention towards the incidental contexts (Experiment 2) resulted in higher recognition performance and context dependency. Nevertheless, retroactive interference effects were found. Surprisingly, participants of the EG additionally showed proactive interference effects. A substantial change in Basketball rules provided the chance to systematically study the influence of visual context information on complex motor skill. In the first step of this experiment twenty Basketball players took 3-point-shots from the old distance. In a second step these experts took 3-points shots from the new, greater distance with either the old floor-markings or the new floor-markings. Results of this experiment show that floor markings do serve as incidental context information and do influence athlete’s performance. The Results of the present work are discussed in reference to other studies and two models, namely Glover’s perception-control-model (2004) and the MOSAIC-modell from Wolpert and Kawato (1998)
Lochny, Mike. "Selbstgesteuertes Bewegungslernen und Lernstrategien im informellen und institutionellen Sporttreiben eine empirische Untersuchung im Kanusport." Hamburg Feldhaus, Ed. Czwalina, 2008. http://d-nb.info/100104634X/04.
Full textMeier, Anna [Verfasser]. "Der Effekt transkranieller Wechselstromstimulation (tACS) über dem linken primären motorischen Cortex (M1) auf motorisches Lernen / Anna Meier." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1136421920/34.
Full textBund, Andreas. "Selbstkontrolle und Bewegungslernen motorische, kognitive und motivationale Aspekte." Darmstadt Wiss. Buchges., [Abt. Verl.], 2006. http://d-nb.info/986629766/04.
Full textMühlbauer, Thomas. "Motorisches Umlernen eine Untersuchung zeitabhängiger Einflüsse auf das Umlernen einer grossmotorischen Bewegungsfertigkeit." Hamburg Kovač, 2006. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/3-8300-2295-6.htm.
Full textBund, Andreas. "Selbstkontrolle und Bewegungslernen : motorische, kognitive und motivationale Aspekte /." Darmstadt : WBG, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9783534209897.
Full textBühlmeier, Julia. "Bewegungstherapie beim Idiopathischen Parkinson Syndrom : biomechanische Analyse unterschiedlicher Therapiestrategien$nElektronische Ressource /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-38460.
Full textReiter, Claudia. "Zum Einfluss der Darstellungsperspektive und der Bewegungsrichtung auf die Aneignung von Bewegungslängen : Untersuchung unterschiedlicher Visualisierungsbedingungen /." Berlin : Dissertation.de, 2007. http://www.dissertation.de/buch.php3?buch=5079.
Full textPinker, Elisabeth. "Motorische Lerneffekte als Einflussgrössen auf computerisierte Bewegungsmessung." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97390027X.
Full textWewetzer, Klaus-Joachim [Verfasser]. "Motorisches Lernen in der Sportart Golf : eine empirische Studie mit Anfängern / Klaus-Joachim Wewetzer." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1019865865/34.
Full textFoerster, Maike [Verfasser], and Marius [Gutachter] Ringelstein. "Die Bedeutung des posterioren parietalen Kortex für implizites motorisches Lernen: Effekte der transkraniellen Gleichstromstimulation vor dem Lernen / Maike Foerster ; Gutachter: Marius Ringelstein." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1201881994/34.
Full textGryga, Martin. "Strukturelle und funktionelle Hirnveränderungen nach fünf Tagen komplexen motorischen Lernens." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-109708.
Full textKaffenberger, Niels [Verfasser]. "Motorisches Lernen im Wintersport : Studien zu Transferpotentialen in modular und saisonal übergreifend operierenden Bewegungskonzepten am Beispiel der SCHNEESCHULE / Niels Kaffenberger." Köln : Zentralbibliothek der Deutschen Sporthochschule, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1236575946/34.
Full textSchmitz-Justen, Claire [Verfasser], Bettina [Gutachter] Pollok, and Jan [Gutachter] Vesper. "Der Effekt der transkraniellen Gleichstromstimulation über dem linken prämotorischen Cortex auf explizites motorisches Lernen / Claire Schmitz-Justen ; Gutachter: Bettina Pollok, Jan Vesper." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1224679350/34.
Full textLindenberg, Robert [Verfasser]. "Einfluss nicht-invasiver Motorcortex-Stimulation auf motorisches Lernen und Rehabilitation nach Infarkt : Plastizität funktioneller Netzwerke und des cortico-rubro-spinalen Systems / Robert Lindenberg." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1054328811/34.
Full textFrömer, Romy. "Learning to throw." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17427.
Full textFeedback, training schedule and individual differences between learners influence the acquisition of motor skills and were investigated in the present thesis. A special focus was on brain processes underlying feedback processing and motor preparation, investigated using event related potentials (ERPs). 120 participants trained to throw at virtual targets and were tested for retention and transfer. Training schedule was manipulated with half of the participants practicing under high contextual interference (CI) (randomized training) and the other half under low CI (blocked training). In a follow-up online study, 80% of the participants completed a subset of the Raven advanced progressive matrices, testing reasoning ability. Under high CI, participants’ reasoning ability was related to higher performance increase during training and higher subsequent performance in retention and transfer. Similar effects in late stages of low CI training indicate, that variability is a necessary prerequisite for beneficial effects of reasoning ability. We conclude, that CI affects the amount of variability of practice across the course of training and the abstraction of rules (Study 1). Differential learning effects on ERPs in the preparatory phase foster this interpretation. High CI shows a larger decline in attention- and control-related ERPs than low CI. CNV amplitude, as a measure of motor preparatory activity, increases with learning only, when attention demands of training and retention are similar, as in low CI training. This points to two parallel mechanisms in motor learning, with a cognitive and a motor processor, mutually contributing to CNV amplitude (Study 2). In the framework of the “reinforcement learning theory of the error related negativity”, we showed, that positive performance feedback is processed gradually and that this processing is reflected in varying amplitudes of reward positivity (Study 3). Together these results provide new insights on motor learning.
Fries, Udo [Verfasser], Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Krug, Jürgen [Gutachter] Krug, and Stefan [Gutachter] Panzer. "Kontexteffekte beim motorischen Lernen : Theoriepositionen und experimentelle Befunde motorischer Sequenzaufgaben und komplexer sporttechnischer Fertigkeiten / Udo Fries ; Gutachter: Jürgen Krug, Stefan Panzer ; Betreuer: Jürgen Krug." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1239658168/34.
Full textRaes, Patricia [Verfasser], and Cornelius [Akademischer Betreuer] Weiller. "Der Einfluss verschiedener Lernstrategien auf die Erfolgsrate beim motorischen Lernen." Freiburg : Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1123472920/34.
Full textKünzell, Stefan [Verfasser]. "Die Bedeutung der Efferenzkopie für das motorische Lernen / Stefan Künzell." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2003. http://d-nb.info/105042977X/34.
Full textSchorer, Jörg. "Regelt Struktur Lernen? über die Wechselwirkungen zwischen Tracking- und Tonzählaufgaben beim impliziten und expliziten motorischen Lernen /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB10873141.
Full textAichert, Ingrid. "Die Bausteine der phonetischen Enkodierung Untersuchungen zum sprechmotorischen Lernen bei Sprechapraxie." Tönning Lüneck Marburg Der Andere Verl, 2007. http://d-nb.info/989790576/04.
Full textWalz, Andrea Daniela [Verfasser], Martin Akademischer Betreuer] Lotze, Martin [Gutachter] Lotze, Alfons [Gutachter] [Hamm, and Joachim [Gutachter] Hermsdörfer. "Zerebrale Korrelate motorischen Lernens bei Gesunden, die ein unilaterales motorisches Arm-Training absolvierten / Andrea Daniela Walz ; Gutachter: Martin Lotze, Alfons Hamm, Joachim Hermsdörfer ; Betreuer: Martin Lotze." Greifswald : Universität Greifswald, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-27289.
Full textWalz, Andrea Daniela [Verfasser], Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Lotze, Martin [Gutachter] Lotze, Alfons [Gutachter] Hamm, and Joachim [Gutachter] Hermsdörfer. "Zerebrale Korrelate motorischen Lernens bei Gesunden, die ein unilaterales motorisches Arm-Training absolvierten / Andrea Daniela Walz ; Gutachter: Martin Lotze, Alfons Hamm, Joachim Hermsdörfer ; Betreuer: Martin Lotze." Greifswald : Universität Greifswald, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1190285290/34.
Full textZobe, Christina [Verfasser]. "Valenzabhängige Effekte normativen Feedbacks auf die Präzisionsleistung und Automatisierung beim motorischen Lernen / Christina Zobe." Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1137554851/34.
Full textEversheim, Udo [Verfasser]. "Kognitive Beanspruchung motorischen Lernens : Untersuchungen mit Hilfe der Doppeltätigkeits-Methodik / Udo Eversheim." Hamburg : Diplom.de, 2002. http://d-nb.info/1184910081/34.
Full textFocke, Jan Karl [Verfasser]. "Einfluss der transkraniellen Gleichstromstimulation über dem prämotorischen Kortex auf das motorische Lernen / Jan Karl Focke." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1189901706/34.
Full textBähr, Florian [Verfasser], Holger [Gutachter] Gabriel, and Farsin [Gutachter] Hamzei. "Zum Einfluss der Handlungsbeobachtung auf das motorische Lernen / Florian Bähr ; Gutachter: Holger Gabriel, Farsin Hamzei." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1207320374/34.
Full textLatz, David [Verfasser], Bettina [Akademischer Betreuer] Pollok, Alfons [Akademischer Betreuer] Schnitzler, and Jan [Akademischer Betreuer] Vesper. "Modulation motorkortikaler Oszillationen bei motorischem Lernen / David Latz. Gutachter: Jan Vesper. Betreuer: Bettina Pollok ; Alfons Schnitzler." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060823292/34.
Full textPau, Sabine [Verfasser]. "Wie kommt es, dass Musiker schneller motorische Fingerfolgen lernen können als Nichtmusiker? : Eine funktionelle Bildgebungsstudie / Sabine Pau." Greifswald : Universitätsbibliothek Greifswald, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1050620771/34.
Full textGryga, Martin [Verfasser], and Andreas [Gutachter] Reichenbach. "Strukturelle und funktionelle Hirnveränderungen nach fünf Tagen komplexen motorischen Lernens / Martin Gryga ; Gutachter: Andreas Reichenbach." Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1238366279/34.
Full textLadda, Aija Marie [Verfasser]. "Modulation motorischen Lernens durch passive sensorische Stimulation – eine fMRT-Studie zur sensomotorischen Integration bei Gesunden / Aija Marie Ladda." Greifswald : Universitätsbibliothek Greifswald, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1147890285/34.
Full textRöhrich, Sebastian [Verfasser], and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Luft. "Bedeutung der dopaminergen Neurotransmission im dorsalen Striatum und im präfrontalen Kortex für das motorische Lernen bei der Ratte / Sebastian Röhrich ; Betreuer: Andreas Luft." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1161464557/34.
Full textAdler-Wiebe, Marija [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Platz, Thomas Gutachter] Platz, and Michael [Gutachter] [Nitsche. "Verbesserung des motorischen Lernens durch repetitive transkranielle Magnetstimulation (rTMS) des primären motorischen Kortex (M1) oder somatosensorischen Kortex (S1) bei gesunden Personen - Verhaltensanalyse der erlernten motorischen Fähigkeiten und ihre Modulation durch fokale intermittierende Theta-Burst-Stimulation (iTBS) / Marija Adler-Wiebe ; Gutachter: Thomas Platz, Michael Nitsche ; Betreuer: Thomas Platz." Greifswald : Universität Greifswald, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-35570.
Full textAdler-Wiebe, Marija [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Platz, Thomas [Gutachter] Platz, and Michael [Gutachter] Nitsche. "Verbesserung des motorischen Lernens durch repetitive transkranielle Magnetstimulation (rTMS) des primären motorischen Kortex (M1) oder somatosensorischen Kortex (S1) bei gesunden Personen - Verhaltensanalyse der erlernten motorischen Fähigkeiten und ihre Modulation durch fokale intermittierende Theta-Burst-Stimulation (iTBS) / Marija Adler-Wiebe ; Gutachter: Thomas Platz, Michael Nitsche ; Betreuer: Thomas Platz." Greifswald : Universität Greifswald, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205879943/34.
Full textRodeck, Jens [Verfasser], Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Verleger, and Jan Philipp [Akademischer Betreuer] Klein. "Lernen im Schlaf? : Die Änderung einer visuo-motorischen Fähigkeit zwischen dem Ende des Übens und dem erneuten Ausführen nach einer Zeit des Nichtstuns / Jens Rodeck ; Akademische Betreuer: Rolf Verleger, Jan Philipp Klein." Lübeck : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1214913687/34.
Full textHendrich, Eva [Verfasser]. "Motorisches Lernen und kontralateraler Transfer / vorgelegt von Eva Hendrich." 2003. http://d-nb.info/970141335/34.
Full textFries, Udo. "Kontexteffekte beim motorischen Lernen: THEORIEPOSITIONEN UND EXPERIMENTELLE BEFUNDE MOTORISCHER SEQUENZAUFGABEN UND KOMPLEXER SPORTTECHNISCHER FERTIGKEITEN." Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13562.
Full textOur memory not only stores information that seem important to us but also circumstances, surroundings where information are gathered – so called contextual information. The present work therefore aims to sharpen the understanding of the mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon in the field of motor learning and to investigate different theoretical models by two experiments with sequence learning tasks and additionally by a complex sports skill. Two experiments were conducted to investigate any discriminative character of incidental context information which would facilitate the recall of two similar movement sequences. An absence of interference-effects was hypothesized. Both experiments took place in accordance with a pro-/retroactive interference design. In experiment 1 (N = 30) subjects of the experimental group (EG) learned two dynamic sequences (S1 and S2) on two successive days while members of the control groups only learned either S1 or S2. Incidental Context information was provided by different background colors. On day 3 retention and transfertests were conducted for all groups. Results showed that incidental Context information alone could not avoid retroactive interference effect (Experiment 1). Directing participants’ attention towards the incidental contexts (Experiment 2) resulted in higher recognition performance and context dependency. Nevertheless, retroactive interference effects were found. Surprisingly, participants of the EG additionally showed proactive interference effects. A substantial change in Basketball rules provided the chance to systematically study the influence of visual context information on complex motor skill. In the first step of this experiment twenty Basketball players took 3-point-shots from the old distance. In a second step these experts took 3-points shots from the new, greater distance with either the old floor-markings or the new floor-markings. Results of this experiment show that floor markings do serve as incidental context information and do influence athlete’s performance. The Results of the present work are discussed in reference to other studies and two models, namely Glover’s perception-control-model (2004) and the MOSAIC-modell from Wolpert and Kawato (1998).:Bibliographische Beschreibung und Referat Danksagung 1 KENNZEICHNUNG DES PROBLEMFELDES 1.1 Einleitung 2 KONTEXTABHÄNGIGKEIT VON LERNINHALTEN 2.1 Definition von Kontext 2.1.1 Unterschiede zum Paradigma des Contextual Interference 2.2 Kontextabhängigkeit im verbalen Lernen 2.3 Kontextabhängigkeit im motorischen Lernen 2.4 Modelle zu Wirkmechanismen des Kontextes 2.4.1 Das MOSAIC-Modell von Wolpert und Kawato 2.4.2 Das Planing-Control-Modell von Glover 2.4.3 Vergleich beider Modelle und Ableitung für die Untersuchungen 2.5 Forschungsfragen 3 LABOREXPERIMENT I 3.1 Hypothesen Laborexperiment I 3.2 Methode 3.2.1 Apparatur 3.2.2 Prozedur / Ablauf 3.2.3 Teilnehmer 3.3 Ergebnisse Laborexperiment I 3.3.1 Aneignung 3.3.2 Ergebnisse hinsichtlich der Retentions- und Transfertests 3.3.2.1 Kontexteffekte 3.3.2.2 Retro- und Proaktive Interferenzeffekte 3.3.2.3 Post-experimentelles Interview 3.4 Diskussion Laborexperiment I 3.5 Folgerungen aus Laborexperiment I 4 LABOREXPERIMENT II 4.1 Stärkung der Assoziation zwischen inzidentellem Kontextreiz und Bewegungsaufgabe 4.2 Reproduktion versus Wiedererkennen 4.3 Hypothesen Laborexperiment II 4.4 Methode 4.4.1 Apparatur 4.4.2 Prozedur / Ablauf 4.4.3 Teilnehmer 4.5 Ergebnisse Laborexperiment II 4.5.1 Aneignung 4.5.2 Ergebnisse hinsichtlich Retentions- und Transfertests 4.5.2.1 Kontext-/ Intentionseffekte 4.5.3 Retro- und Proaktive Interferenzeffekte 4.5.4 Einfluss auf Wiedererkennungsleistung 4.6 Diskussion Laborexperiment II 4.7 Übergreifende Diskussion der Laborexperimente 4.8 Diskussion der Modelle PCM und MOSAIC auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse aus den Laborexperimenten I und II 4.8.1 Einschätzung des MOSAIC auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse aus den Laborexperimenten I und II 4.8.2 Einschätzung des MOSAIC auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse aus den Laborexperimenten I und II 4.9 Zusammenfassung der Laborexperimente und Ausblick 5 FELDEXPERIMENT 5.1 Ausgangs-Situation 5.1.1 3-Punkte-Wurf sowie Einflussfaktoren der Leistung 5.2 Hypothese 5.3 Methodik 5.4 Teilnehmer 5.4.1 Experimenteller Aufbau und Design 5.4.2 Ablauf 5.4.3 Datenerfassung und statistische Analysen 5.5 Ergebnisse Feldexperiment 5.5.1 Trefferquote 5.5.2 Wurftendenz 5.5.3 Wurftendenz im Verlauf 5.6 Diskussion Feldexperiment 5.7 Diskussion der Ergebnisse des Feldexperiments im Hinblick auf die Modelle PCM und MOSAIC 5.7.1 Einschätzung des PCM aufgrund des Feldexperiments 5.7.2 Einschätzung des MOSAIC-Modells aufgrund des Feldexperiments 6 ÜBERGREIFENDE DISKUSSION DER EIGENEN UNTERSUCHUNGEN 6.1 Generelle Diskussion der Ergebnisse der Arbeit und Ausblick 6.2 Einschätzung der Modelle PCM und MOSAIC auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse der eigenen Arbeit 6.2.1 Einschätzung des PCM auf Grundlage der vorgelegten Ergebnisse 6.2.2 Einschätzung des MOSAIC-Modells auf Grundlage der vorgelegten Ergebnisse 6.2.3 Fazit bezüglich beider Modelle 7 ZUSAMMENFASSUNG LITERATURVERZEICHNIS ABKÜRZUNGSVERZEICHNIS ABILDUNGSVERZEICHNIS ANHANGSVERZEICHNIS ANHANG A ANHANG B ANHANG C ANHANG D
Stöcker, Christian. "Der Einfluss von Handlungseffekten auf den Erwerb und die Ausführung von Bewegungssequenzen." Doctoral thesis, 2002. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-5303.
Full textThe thesis deals with the role of sensory effects for the acquisition and control of movement. Two experimental approaches are employed: The serial reaction time task (SRT) and a training paradigm for the acquisition of short movement sequences. In the SRT, participants are to respond as fast as possible to successively presented stimuli, usually with keystrokes. When the sequence of keystrokes follows a fixed structure, repeating or statistically constrained, response times are reduced, when the structural properties are changed, this practice benefit is lost. Some authors consider this result as an example of "implicit learning", since participants are often unable to relate the structure of the stimulus-response sequence afterwards. With reference to the relevant literature it is first shown that statistical as well as relational and temporal-spatial structural properties influence learning. Subsequently it is discussed between which elements of the event sequences an SRT represents structural properties exert their influence. The most promising approaches take links between various elements, i.e. stimuli, responses and response effects into account. It is demonstrated that the importance of response effects has largely been neglected in the literature so far. A similar picture emerges for the literature on practising short movement sequences: Sensory effects are not considered an important factor there. Based on the logic of the "ideomotor principle" a subsequent series of experiments demonstrates that tone effects contingently linked to the response keys can facilitate the acquisition and execution of motor sequences. In Experiment 1, a group of participants producing contingent tones with their keystrokes in an SRT is compared to two control groups, one producing non-contingent and one no tone effects. The contingent tone effects substantially improve serial learning, whereas no improvement is found for the non-contingent tone effects. This result is replicated in Experiment 2 with different stimulus material. It is also shown that there are compatibility relations between the response keys and the tones: The beneficial influence of the tone effects is observed only when they are mapped onto the response keys in ascending order from left to right. "Explicit knowledge" about sequence structure cannot explain the group differences in either experiment. Experiments 3 to 5 show that contingently and ascendingly mapped tone effects also facilitate the acquisition of short movement sequences being practiced for extended periods of time. The most obvious influence here is the disappearance of the sequence length effect. This is a usually found difference between the initiation times of shorter and longer motor sequences. With suitable tone effects, longer sequences can be initiated as fast as short sequences. This suggests that sensory effects play a role during the construction of motor programs for movement control. In Experiment 4 and 5, the interresponse intervals in the sequences practiced with tone effects also decrease faster and a trend for homogenization becomes apparent. This indicates that the tone effects facilitate chunking, i.e. the linking of single movement elements into larger units. This is in line with older notions from the motor learning literature. Chunking has for some time been considered responsible for the reduction of the sequence length effect through practice. Experiment 5 demonstrates that the influence of the tone effects does not disappear even when participants are given ample preparation time before having to start a sequence. Even then, sequences associated with tone effects can be initiated faster. This makes it unlikely that tone effects only facilitate action selection and favours the interpretation that they are important also for initiation and execution. The last Experiment shows that the observed results are not independent of the kind of effects presented. With visual effects (digits) no differential influences were observed. The results are discussed with reference to the future formulation of models on motor control and motor programming. Since alternative explanations of the data can be ruled out, the conclusion is drawn that sensory effects must be part of the internal representations used for selecting and controlling movements. If these effects have certain properties facilitating their association with the movements that produce them on the one hand and facilitating associations between themselves on the other hand, they can obviously accelerate the acquisition and execution of movement sequences
Önal-Hartmann, Cigdem. "Emotional Modulation of Motor Memory Formation." Doctoral thesis, 2011. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-64838.
Full textBackground: There is extensive evidence that explicit memory, which involves conscious recall of encoded information, can be modulated by emotions; emotions may influence encoding, consolidation or retrieval of information. However, less is known about the modulatory effects of emotions on procedural processes like motor memory, which do not depend upon conscious recall and are instead demonstrated through changes in behaviour. Experiment 1: The goal of the first experiment was to examine the influence of emotions on motor learning. Four groups of subjects completed a motor learning task performing brisk isometric abductions with their thumb. While performing the motor task, the subjects heard emotional sounds varying in arousal and valence: (1) valence negative / arousal low (V-/A-), (2) valence negative / arousal high (V-/A+), (3) valence positive / arousal low (V+/A-), and (4) valence positive / arousal high (V+/A+). Descriptive analysis of the complete data set showed best performances for motor learning in the V-/A- condition, but the differences between the conditions did not reach significance. Results suggest that the interaction between valence and arousal may modulate motor encoding processes. Since limitations of the study cannot be ruled out, future studies with different emotional stimuli have to test the assumption that exposure to low arousing negative stimuli during encoding has a facilitating effect on short term motor memory. Experiment 2: The purpose of the second experiment was to investigate the effects of emotional interference on consolidation of sequential learning. In different sessions, 6 groups of subjects were initially trained on a serial reaction time task (SRTT). To modulate consolidation of the newly learned skill, subjects were exposed, after the training, to 1 of 3 (positive, negative or neutral) different classes of emotional stimuli which consisted of a set of emotional pictures combined with congruent emotional musical pieces or neutral sound. Emotional intervention for each subject group was done in 2 different time intervals (either directly after the training session, or 6 h later). After a 72 h post-training interval, each group was retested on the SRTT. Re-test performance was evaluated in terms of response times and accuracy during performance of the target sequence. Emotional intervention did not influence either response times or accuracy of re-testing SRTT task performance. However, explicit awareness of sequence knowledge was enhanced by arousing negative stimuli applied at 0 h after training. These findings suggest that consolidation of explicit aspects of procedural learning may be more responsive toward emotional interference than are implicit aspects. Consolidation of different domains of skill acquisition may be governed by different mechanisms. Since skill performance did not correlate with explicit awareness we suggest that implicit and explicit modes of SRTT performance are not complementary. Experiment 3: The aim of the third experiment was to analyze if the left hemisphere preferentially controls flexion responses towards positive stimuli, while the right hemisphere is specialized towards extensor responses to negative pictures. To this end, right-handed subjects had to pull or push a joystick subsequent to seeing a positive or a negative stimulus in their left or right hemifield. Flexion responses were faster for positive stimuli, while negative stimuli were associated with faster extensions responses. Overall, performance was fastest when emotional stimuli were presented to the left visual hemifield. This right hemisphere superiority was especially clear for negative stimuli, while reaction times towards positive pictures showed no hemispheric difference. We did not find any interaction between hemifield and response type. Neither was there a triple interaction between valence, hemifield and response type. In our experimental context the interaction between valence and hemifield seems to be stronger than the interaction between valence and motor behaviour. From these results we suppose that under certain conditions a hierarchy scaling of the asymmetry patterns prevails, which might mask any other existing asymmetries
Erlacher, Daniel [Verfasser]. "Motorisches Lernen im luziden Traum : phänomenologische und experimentelle Betrachtungen / von Daniel Erlacher." 2005. http://d-nb.info/977031578/34.
Full textLenhard, Alexandra. "Intra- and intermanual transfer of adaptation to unnoticed virtual displacement under terminal and continuous visual feedback." Master's thesis, 2002. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-23889.
Full textParticipants trained aiming movements of the right hand to several targets with a prism-like virtual displacement of the location of one of the targets, receiving either terminal or continuous visual feedback. After training, the same targets were to be reached with the untrained left hand under manipulated feedback conditions. The right hand movements continuously adapted to the unnoticed visual displacement, significantly less with continuous than with terminal feedback. Under terminal but not under continuous feedback the adaptation to the manipulated target generalized to targets in the same horizontal direction but not to targets in the opposite direction. Finally, the movements of the untrained left hand showed the same qualitative changes to the targets as the movements of the trained right hand. The data are in line with the notion that the adaptation of the right hand movements is mainly based on a re-interpretation of target locations on which movement control of both hands draws
Lenhard, Alexandra. "Sensorische Bewegungskontrolle als Grundlage intermanuellen Transfers." Doctoral thesis, 2007. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-23879.
Full textThe aim of the present study was to demonstrate that the enormous adaptivity and flexibility of human movement control can be explained under the assumption that movements are planned, executed and stored in terms of perceivable events and without direct access on efferent patterns. For this purpose, participants trained aiming movements to different targets with one hand. For one target visual feedback was manipulated so that movements to this target appeared shorter than they actually were. Participants adapted to that visuomotor transformation. Furthermore, the target-specific adaptation also generalized to movements of the untrained hand. The amount of transfer depended both on handedness and sex. Right-handed males showed more transfer from the right to the left hand than vice versa, whereas there was no comparable asymmetry in left-handed males and in females. Whether the participants noticed the manipulation or not was not relevant with regard to the amount of transfer. The quality of transfer led us to conclude that the motor adaptation was not stored and recalled in terms of efferent signals but in terms of sensory representations. We modeled these results with artificial neural networks. Qualitative and quantitative replication of the human results could only be achieved if the networks included an effector-independent spatial representation and if the arms were coactivated repeatedly and systematically before the visuomotor adaptation. In another task that we have used to explore learning transfer participants learned to produce a constant force with the index finger of one hand. During a transfer phase they had to reproduce the force with the index or middle finger of the same or the other hand. For some of the participants we changed the sensory feedback during that phase by putting a thimble on the performing finger. Results revealed that changing the finger did not affect the accuracy of force reproduction significantly. By contrast, changing the sensory feedback considerably impaired the force reproduction. Therefore, the experiment also points to the fact that motor memory is not based on effector-specific efferent patterns. Rather, we believe that motor memory is primarily based on sensory representions of movement goals which subsequently can be used as reference value for movements of the trained arm as well as movements of other limbs
Pauli, Christian Benjamin [Verfasser]. "Langzeitpotenzierung und motorisches Lernen beim Menschen : nicht-invasive Untersuchungen mittels transkranieller Magnetstimulation / vorgelegt von Christian Benjamin Pauli." 2004. http://d-nb.info/999167669/34.
Full textHermsdorf, Franz. "Der Einfluss von Kleinhirnläsionen auf das motorische Sequenzlernen." 2020. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A76102.
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