Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Moules d'eau douce'
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Beaudet, Audrey. "Étude de la dynamique des populations de moules d'eau douce (Bivalvia Unionoidea) de deux rivières côtières de l'Est du Nouveau-Brunswick, la rivière Kouchibouguac et la rivière Kouchibouguacis." Thèse, [Rimouski, Québec] : Université du Québec à Rimouski, 2006.
Find full textTitre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 29 novembre 2006). Mémoire présenté à l'Université du Québec à Rimouski comme exigence partielle du programme de maîtrise en gestion de la faune et de ses habitats. CaQRU CaQRU Comprend des bibliogr. Paraît aussi en éd. imprimée. CaQRU
Beaugelin-Seiller, Karine. "Caractérisation de mousses dulçaquicoles comme indicateurs de contamination radioactive /." Gif-sur-Yvette : Service de documentation, Centre d'études de Saclay, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35838420q.
Full textDevantery, Paul. "Action des courants sur la faune d'une mousse immergée : Platyhypnidium riparioides (Bryophyta)." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO10012.
Full textBenyahia, Mohamed. "Etude de la contamination du bivalve d'eau douce Dreissena polymorpha par le plomb : bioaccumulation, distribution tissulaire et élimination du métal : incidence de paramètres biotiques et abiotiques." Metz, 1991. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1991/Benyahia.Mohamed.SMZ9112.pdf.
Full textFreshwater mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) were exposed to lead under laboratory conditions. Patterns of accumulation in whole animals were linear at low concentrations and the tissues lead concentrations were proportional to lead in the medium. At high concentrations of lead in the medium, the accumulation proceeded at a high rate in a saturating mode. Under cyclic conditions of exposure, kinetic of lead accumulation showed a pronounced biphasic mode. It is argued that the biphasic course of accumulation seemed to indicate that the animal acts as a multi-compartments accumulation system. The chelation of lead by EDTA decreased strongly its toxicity and bioaccumulation. In the presence of zinc, uptake of lead in whole Dreissena was reduced in the initial phase of accumulation. Thereafter, the antagonistic effect of Zn decreased and became not significant at the end of exposure period. A rise in temperature decreased lead accumulation by mussels. The results also indicate that accumulation were greatly affected by seasonal conditions. In spring, the rate of uptake was the faster and lead body burden was the most important. By means of histochemical staining method and microanalytical technique (LAMMA), lead has been localized mainly in granules of renal cells and in cytoplasm of granulocytes in gills, pericardial gland, byssal gland and digestive epithelium. The depuration process were low and occured sloly compared to accumulation. The original lead concentrations in the soft parts did not influence significantly the rate of elimination. The presence of EDTA or a rise in tempeature enhanced the rate of lead elimination. In all conditions, the total depuration were not attained and the tissue lead concentrations remained at high levels in comparison to controls
Giamberini, Laure. "Etude des mécanismes de transport et de détoxication des métaux lourds chez la moule d'eau douce Dreissena polymorpha : rôle des hémocytes et des organes du système excréteur (histologie, ultrastructure, microanalyse)." Metz, 1993. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1993/Giamberini.Laure.SMZ9321_1.pdf.
Full textBioindicator capacity of bivalves molluscs for metal is now well know and use in biomonitoring studies. Understanding of this capacity needed a more fundamental study of metal uptake, transport and excretion pathways. Anatomical, cytological and microanalytical studies of hemocytes, pericardial gland and kidney has shown granulocyte rule in transport and detoxication functions of pericardial gland and kidney. Lysosomal system plays an important function. Metal nature changes its distribution in organs. Lead is accumulated with P, S, Ca in concretion in epithelial cells of kidney distal limb. Microanalysis was performed in this case. Possible adaptation of metallic micropolluants presence was research by hemocytes counts, enzymatic activity and phagocytosis capacities evaluation. Hemocytes number and acid phosphatases activity seem to increase but no significant modifications of phagocytosis capacities was observed. Cytological and biochemical responses of hemocytes in presence of metal can be propose of early test (7 days) of metal contamination effects in aquatics systems ; bioaccumulation levels was evaluated by transplant methods after 3 weeks
Tourari, Abdellatif. "Effets de l'échauffement des eaux sur le cycle de reproduction de la moule d'eau douce Dreissena polymorpha (bivalve-Dreissenidae) étude in situ et en laboratoire : aspects histologiques, histochimiques et biochimiques /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37618929q.
Full textGIAMBERINI, LAURE Pihan Jean-Claude. "ETUDE DES MECANISMES DE TRANSPORT ET DE DETOXICATION DES METAUX LOURDS CHEZ LA MOULE D'EAU DOUCE DREISSENA POLYMORPHA. ROLE DES HEMOCYTES ET DES ORGANES DU SYSTEME EXCRETEUR (HISTOLOGIE, ULTRASTRUCTURE, MICROANALYSE) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1993. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1993/Giamberini.Laure.SMZ9321_1.pdf.
Full textTourari, Abdellatif Pihan Jean-Claude. "EFFETS DE L'ECHAUFFEMENT DES EAUX SUR LE CYCLE DE REPRODUCTION DE LA MOULE D'EAU DOUCE DREISSENA POLYMORPHA (BIVALVE : DREISSENIDAE) : ETUDE IN SITU ET EN LABORATOIRE, ASPECTS HISTOLOGIQUES, HISTOCHIMIQUES ET BIOCHIMIQUES /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1988. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1988/Tourari.Abdellatif.SMZ8817.pdf.
Full textTourari, Abdellatif. "Effets de l'échauffement des eaux sur le cycle de reproduction de la moule d'eau douce dreissena polymorpha (Bivalve dreissanidae) : étude in situ et en laboratoire : aspects histologiques, histochimiques et biochimiques." Metz, 1988. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1988/Tourari.Abdellatif.SMZ8817.pdf.
Full textThe thermal effects on the biology of reproduction cycle of the bivalve Dreissena polymorpha are studied. The selection of two industrial sites allowed to test in situ differences of temprature from +2 to +7°C between control and overheated stations. The chronological stages of reproduction cycle nomenclature is established. Normally the gametogenic quiescence occurs in the cold season ; development and maturation of gametes begin in spring. The spawning activity occurs in late spring and continues during summer. The analysis of body weight variations and the main biochemical components (proteins, lipids and carbohydrates) enabled us to confirm and improve the interpretation of reproduction cycle in relation to hydrobiological water parameters. The histochemical and biochemical analysis complement each other and permit to affirm that lipids are important in the vitellogenic material. Lipid variations considered as indicators of spawing stage. The recovery of gametogenesis is precocious for mussels. During quiescence period, laboratory acclimation mussels to +8°C, induces recovery of gametogenesis and sexual maturation is reached precociously. There is evidence of histological alterations in mussels exposed to higher temperatures. The biochemical analysis of animals at worm stations showed a decrease of the lipid contents in spring indicating an early spawning. No significant differences have been found in protein content between control and test animals. In contrast, the carbohydrate contents are higher in test animals
Mersch, Jacques. "Modalités d'utilisation de la moule zébrée Dreissena polymorpha en tant qu'indicateur biologique de la contamination des écosystèmes d'eau douce par les métaux lourds : comparaison avec un autre type d'organismes sentinelles, les mousses aquatiques : étude dans le bassin de la Moselle." Metz, 1993. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1993/Mersch.Jacques.SMZ9319.pdf.
Full textLa moule zébrée Dreissena polymorpha fournit un bilan biologique intégré de l'état de pollution de son milieu environnant par les micropolluants métalliques. L'indication est modulée par les caractéristiques (intensité et durée) des épisodes successifs de contamination et par les moyens de lutte dont dispose l'animal. Différentes stratégies de surveillance biologique sont discutées. La technique de transfert de moules (surveillance active) est particulièrement intéressante, car elle permet d'étendre la méthode à des sites dépourvus de populations naturelles de l'espèce. Dans ce cas, il y a possibilité de mesurer un impact double : celui de la qualité générale de l'eau sur l'état physiologique des animaux et celui de la biodisponibilité des micropolluants métalliques circulants. La surveillance biologique est affinée par l'utilisation simultanée d'un second organisme sentinelle, les mousses aquatiques. Les deux indicateurs présentent en effet une certaine complémentarité, notamment en ce qui concerne la capacité d'intégration d'une pollution dans le temps. Ainsi, les mousses peuvent être avantageusement utilisées pour détecter des événements de courte durée tandis que les moules sont plus appropriées pour mesurer un impact biologique à moyen terme. Des modalités précises pour une utilisation simultanée des deux organismes sont proposées. Les données recueillies sur le terrain sont hiérarchisées à l'aide de grilles de qualité
MOUABAD, ABDELFATTAH Pihan Jean-Claude. "TOXICITE COMPORTEMENTALE ET PHYSIOLOGIQUE (FILTRATION, RESPIRATION) DES METAUX LOURDS (CU, ZN, HG, CD ET PB) CHEZ LA MOULE D'EAU DOUCE DREISSENA POLYMORPHA PALLAS. PROPOSITION D'UN PROTOCOLE D'ESSAI POUR L'EVALUATION DE LA TOXICITE PAR LA REPONSE COMPORTEMENTALE DE DREISSENA /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1991. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1991/Mouabad.Abdelfattah.SMZ918.pdf.
Full textMouabad, Abdelfattah. "Toxicité comportementale et physiologique (filtration, respiration) des métaux lourds (Cu, Zn, Hg, Cd et Pb) chez la moule d'eau douce Dreissena polymorpha pallas : proposition d'un protocole d'essai pour l'évaluation de la toxicité par la réponse comportementale de Dreissena." Metz, 1991. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1991/Mouabad.Abdelfattah.SMZ918.pdf.
Full textThe study deals with the effetcts of subletal concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Hg, Cd, Pb) on the pumping behaviour and physiological functions (filtration rate, oxygen consumption) of the freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha. A preliminary study, carried out to screen the letal effects, showed that the LC 50-96 h is 0,191mg/l for Cu, 0,420 mg/l for Hg and above 14 mg/l for Cd. Zn has no letal effect in a 96 h exposure. In a 24h exposure, subletal concentrations of metals induce deep changes in the pumping activity of Dreissena. Pumping flow becomes intermittence and valve closure in enhanced. The effects are concentration dependent. Metals can be classified in a decreasing order of toxicity as following : Hg, Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn. In view of its good sensitivity, the behavioural response of Dreissena is proposed as a tool for the screening of toxicity in freshwaters. The detection limits set for metals are (in mg/l) : 0, 010 for Hg, 0,015 for Cu, 0,100 for Cd, 0,200 for Zn and 0,400 for Pb. In exposures of 48 h and 1 week, metals significantly reduce the filtration rate of Dreissena. Order of toxicity is the same as for behaviour. The oxygen consumption study showed that it is increased by Zn and reduced by Cu and Hg. No effect was obtained with Cd and Pb. Integration of the physiological effects was undertaken for Cd (0,005 to 0,045 mg/l) and Cu (0,004 to 0,044 mg/l) in a 4 weeks exposure. Results show that the Scope for Growth in not impaired by Cd whereas Cu reduces it. The usefulness of the studied physiological functions as criteria for the chronic toxicity testing is discussed
MERSCH, JACQUES Pihan Jean-Claude. "MODALITES D'UTILISATION DE LA MOULE ZEBREE DREISSENA POLYMORPHA EN TANT QU'INDICATEUR BIOLOGIQUE DE LA CONTAMINATION DES ECOSYSTEMES D'EAU DOUCE PAR LES METAUX LOURDS. COMPARAISON AVEC UN AUTRE TYPE D'ORGANISMES SENTINELLES, LES MOUSSES AQUATIQUES. ETUDE DANS LE BASSIN DE LA MOSELLE /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1993. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1993/Mersch.Jacques.SMZ9319.pdf.
Full textHraoui, Georges. "Étude de la thermo-sensibilité mitochondriale des espèces de moules d'eau douce indigènes et invasives." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23755.
Full textClimate change is impacting many, if not all, forms of life. Increases in extreme temperature fluctuations and average temperatures can cause stress, particularly in aquatic sessile ectotherms such as freshwater mussels. However, some species seem to thrive more than others in face of temperature-related stressors. Thermal tolerance may for example explain invasive species success. It is also known that mitochondria can play a key role in setting an ectothermic species’ thermal tolerance. In this study, we aimed to characterize the mitochondrial thermo-tolerance in invasive and endemic freshwater mussels. With the use of high-resolution respirometry, we analyzed the mitochondrial respiration of two freshwater bivalve species exposed to a broad range of temperatures. We noticed that the invasive dreissenid Dreissena bugensis displayed a less thermo-tolerant mitochondrial metabolism than the endemic unionid Elliptio complanata. This lack of tolerance was linked with a more noticeable depression of aerobic metabolism at elevated temperatures. These findings may be associated with the life history traits of both species, as D. bugensis is more adapted to unstable habitats, where selection pressures for resistance adaptations are reduced. Our findings add to the growing body of literature characterizing the mitochondrial metabolism of many aquatic ectotherms in the context of climate change.
Cyr, Frédéric. "Caractérisation de la biodiversité à l'aide d'une analyse génétique chez les moules d'eau douce du genre Pyganodon (Unionidae) dans le nord est de l'Amérique du Nord." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17086.
Full textBreton, Sophie. "La double transmission uniparentale de l'ADN mitochondrial chez les mytilidae : un système unique pour l'étude de la co-évolution des génomes nucléaires et mitochondriaux." Thèse, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1459/1/D1721.pdf.
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