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Journal articles on the topic 'Mount Everest Expedition (2009)'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Towell, Elaine. "First College member conquers Everest." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 89, no. 2 (February 1, 2007): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363507x172545.

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Edmund Hilary and Tenzing Norgay were first in 1953. Since then, over 2,500 people have followed in their footsteps and on 21 May 2006, Andrew Sutherland became the first British surgeon to reach the summit of Mount Everest. Travelling as the team doctor, Mr Sutherland was part of the EVERESTMAX expedition who recently completed the highest climb on earth, commencing at the Dead Sea in Jordan and ending at the summit of Mount Everest. Mr Sutherland joined the expedition at Everest base camp as the team prepared for their ascent of the challenging north-east ridge.

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2

Wayne Askew, E. "Food for High-Altitude Expeditions: Pugh Got It Right in 1954—A Commentary on the Report by L.G.C.E. Pugh: “Himalayan Rations With Special Reference to the 1953 Expedition to Mount Everest”." Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 15, no. 2 (June 2004): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1580/1080-6032(2004)015[0121:ffhepg]2.0.co;2.

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3

Bjerneld, Hakan. "Swedish Mount Everest Expedition, 1991 October 23, 1991." Journal of Wilderness Medicine 3, no. 1 (February 1992): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1580/0953-9859-3.1.86.

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4

Larkin, Marilynn. "Mount Everest telemedicine expedition tracked on the web." Lancet 353, no. 9163 (May 1999): 1536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67237-6.

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5

Riley, N. D. "THE RHOPALOCERA OF THE THIRD MOUNT EVEREST EXPEDITION (1924)." Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 75, no. 1 (April 24, 2009): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1927.tb00064.x.

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6

Andrewes., H. E. "THE CARABIDAE OF THE THIRD MOUNT EVEREST EXPEDITION, 1924." Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 78, no. 1 (April 24, 2009): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1930.tb01198.x.

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7

Somervell, T. H. "The meteorological results of the mount everest expedition. A. The observations." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 52, no. 218 (September 10, 2007): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49705221803.

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8

Heggie, Vanessa. "Science in an extreme environment: The 1963 American Mount Everest expedition." Centaurus 60, no. 1-2 (February 2018): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1600-0498.12181.

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9

Hoyt, C. Jay. "Physicians on Mount Everest–A clinical account of the 1981 American Medical Research Expedition to Everest." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 76, no. 4 (October 1985): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-198510000-00106.

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10

Pugh, L. G. C. "Himalayan Rations with Special Reference to the 1953 Expedition to Mount Everest." Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 15, no. 2 (June 2004): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1080-6032(04)70900-x.

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11

Tunny, Terry J., James Gelder, Richard D. Gordon, Shelley A. Klemm, Stephen M. Hamlet, Wendy L. Finn, Gavin M. Carney, and Carol Brand-Maher. "EFFECTS OF ALTITUDE ON ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE: THE BICENTENNIAL MOUNT EVEREST EXPEDITION." Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 16, no. 4 (April 1989): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1989.tb01559.x.

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12

Goh, Tan Leng, and Kerrie J. Kauer. "(SWET)ing for the Summit: A Feminist Cultural-Studies Analysis of Singapore's First Women's Mount Everest Team." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 20, no. 1 (January 2011): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.20.1.53.

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This article is a feminist cultural-studies analysis of Singapore’s first all-female mountaineering team to successfully summit Mount Everest. A feminist cultural-studies approach was used to explore the highly male hegemonic domain of mountaineering and the ways in which the Singapore Women’s Everest Team (SWET) was situated within the sport and their local Singapore culture. Qualitative, face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with six elite-level Singaporean female mountaineers (ages 25 to 39) were conducted by the first author in January 2009, before their attempt to summit Mount Everest. Using inductive analysis and feminist deconstruction, several salient themes emerged from the data: (a) disrupting norms, (b) sexism in extreme sports, and (c) women-centered spaces. The interviewees demonstrated unity as an all-women team as they overcame challenges in their pursuit of climbing Mount Everest. This study attempts to expand the sport studies literature with multicultural and gendered perspectives of female mountaineers.

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13

Stephenson, J. "Oligochaeta from Various Regions, including those collected by the Mount Everest Expedition 1924." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 95, no. 3 (August 21, 2009): 879–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1925.tb07109.x.

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14

Pelto, Mauri, Prajjwal Panday, Tom Matthews, Jon Maurer, and L. Baker Perry. "Observations of Winter Ablation on Glaciers in the Mount Everest Region in 2020–2021." Remote Sensing 13, no. 14 (July 8, 2021): 2692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13142692.

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Recent observations of rising snow lines and reduced snow-covered areas on glaciers during the October 2020–January 2021 period in the Nepal–China region of Mount Everest in Landsat and Sentinel imagery highlight observations that significant ablation has occurred in recent years on many Himalayan glaciers in the post-monsoon and early winter periods. For the first time, we now have weather stations providing real-time data in the Mount Everest region that may sufficiently transect the post-monsoon snow line elevation region. These sensors have been placed by the Rolex National Geographic Perpetual Planet expedition. Combining in situ weather records and remote sensing data provides a unique opportunity to examine the impact of the warm and dry conditions during the 2020 post-monsoon period through to the 2020/2021 winter on glaciers in the Mount Everest region. The ablation season extended through January 2021. Winter (DJF) ERA5 reanalysis temperature reconstructions for Everest Base Camp (5315 m) for the 1950–February 2021 period indicate that six days in the January 10–15 period in 2021 fell in the top 1% of all winter days since 1950, with January 13, January 14, and January 12, being the first, second, and third warmest winter days in the 72-year period. This has also led to the highest freezing levels in winter for the 1950–2021 period, with the January 12–14 period being the only period in winter with a freezing level above 6000 m.

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15

Khanal, P., L. Thapa, A. M. Shrestha, S. Bhattarai, D. Sapkota, N. Sharma, and U. P. Devkota. "Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis during Everest Expedition: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Case Reports in Neurological Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8314040.

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Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare but serious disorder that is associated with a poor clinical outcome. We report a 35-year-old man who had a severe headache and diplopia while climbing Mount Everest. His MR venography showed right transverse and right sigmoid sinus thrombosis. He improved on anticoagulant and symptomatic measures. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis at high altitude is discussed.

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16

West, J. B. "Alexander M. Kellas and the physiological challenge of Mt. Everest." Journal of Applied Physiology 63, no. 1 (July 1, 1987): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.63.1.3.

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Alexander M. Kellas (1868–1921) was a British physiologist who made pioneering contributions to the exploration of Everest and to the early physiology of extreme altitudes, but his physiological contributions have been almost completely overlooked. Although he had a full-time faculty position at the Middlesex Hospital Medical School in London, he was able to make eight expeditions to the Himalayas in the first two decades of the century, and by 1919 when the first official expedition to Everest was being planned, he probably knew more about the approaches than anybody else. But his most interesting contributions were made in an unpublished manuscript written in 1920 and entitled “A consideration of the possibility of ascending Mount Everest.” In this he discussed the physiology of acclimatization and most of the important variables including the summit altitude and barometric pressure, and the alveolar PO2, arterial oxygen saturation, maximal oxygen consumption, and maximal ascent rate near the summit. On the basis of this extensive analysis, he concluded that “Mount Everest could be ascended by a man of excellent physical and mental constitution in first-rate training, without adventitious aids [supplementary oxygen] if the physical difficulties of the mountain are not too great.” Kellas was one of the first physiologists to study extreme altitude, and he deserves to be better known.

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17

Patitucci, M., D. Lugrin, and G. Pagès. "Angiogenic/lymphangiogenic factors and adaptation to extreme altitudes during an expedition to Mount Everest." Acta Physiologica 196, no. 2 (June 2009): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.2008.01915.x.

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18

Bayne, Ronald. "Dr Arthur Wakefield on Mount Everest in 1922: ‘This has not been by any Manner of Means a Picnic”." Journal of Medical Biography 11, no. 3 (August 2003): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096777200301100309.

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In 1922 Dr Arthur Wakefield, a general practitioner from Cumbria, reached the North Col of Mt Everest at 23,000 feet as a member of the first British team to attempt the summit. As well as being a climber, he provided medical care to his comrades, who included George Leigh Mallory and George Finch. Yet, in their accounts of the expedition, several climbers portrayed him as a nervous old man and a “complete passenger”. However, his letters home and a small daily diary suggest he was a wise and caring physician. His motivation for joining this expedition at the age of 46 was somewhat different from that of his companions.

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19

Rodway, George W. "George Ingle Finch And The Mount Everest Expedition of 1922: Breaching The 8000-m Barrier." High Altitude Medicine & Biology 8, no. 1 (March 2007): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ham.2006.1034.

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20

Suarez, Fernando F., and Juan S. Montes. "An Integrative Perspective of Organizational Responses: Routines, Heuristics, and Improvisations in a Mount Everest Expedition." Organization Science 30, no. 3 (May 2019): 573–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2018.1271.

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21

MOHAN, JOSEPH, JEFFERY R. STONE, KIRSTEN NICHOLSON, KLAUS NEUMANN, CAROLYN DOWLING, and SUBODH SHARMA. "Lindavia biswashanti, a new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from Gokyo Cho, Himalayan Range, Nepal." Phytotaxa 364, no. 1 (August 7, 2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.364.1.7.

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A new species of Bacillariophyta (diatom) is described from Gokyo Cho, a lake near Mount Everest in the Himalayan Mountain Range. Water and algal samples were collected during an expedition to Sagarmatha National Park (SNP), Nepal in May 2016. Samples collected during this expedition reveal a new species of Lindavia, described herein with ecological information provided. The new species of Lindavia has three triangular undulations and depressions in the central area. This species has a likeness to the Pantocsekiella ocellata sensu lato group. It differs from the species in this group in undulation shape and ultrastructure numbers and distribution. Investigation into previously described Lindavia in the SNP region has identified a taxon, Cyclotella antiqua var. minor, which is herein transferred into Lindavia in order to conform to the parent taxon Lindavia antiqua.

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22

Moore, G. W. K., S. Abernethy, and J. L. Semple. "Spatial and temporal variability in surface ozone at a high elevation remote site in Nepal." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 4 (July 29, 2009): 16233–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-16233-2009.

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Abstract. Ozone is an important atmospheric constituent due to its role as both a greenhouse gas and an oxidant. Recent measurements in the Mount Everest region indicate the presence of ozone at elevations from 5000 to 9000 m a.s.l. that are the result of both stratospheric and tropospheric sources. Here we examine the temporal variability in the surface ozone concentration measurements from the ABC-Pyramid Observatory in the Mount Everest region during 2006 and compare it to the total column ozone data from the OMI instrument as well as meteorological fields from the ECMWF Interim Reanalysis. Both the surface ozone at and the total column ozone over the ABC-Pyramid Observatory site have maxima in the pre-monsoon period. We show that during this period, there is a statistically significant correlation between the two suggesting that the stratosphere was an important contributor to the high levels of ozone observed during the period. There was a hiatus in the monsoon in June that resulted in a return of westerlies over northern Indian and southern Tibet and as a result, the aforementioned correlation extended into June. No such correlation exists during the monsoon and post-monsoon periods. Spatial correlation maps between the surface ozone and total column ozone as well as meteorological fields from the ECMWF Interim Reanalysis support the contention that there is a significant stratospheric contribution in the pre-monsoon period that is absent during and after the monsoon.

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23

Moore, G. W. K., J. L. Semple, and G. Hoyland. "Global Warming, El Niño, and High-Impact Storms at Extreme Altitude: Historical Trends and Consequences for Mountaineers." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 50, no. 11 (November 2011): 2197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-11-023.1.

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AbstractThe twentieth century was bracketed by two high-profile events on Mount Everest: the 1924 Mallory and Irvine disappearance and the 1996 Into Thin Air storm. During both events, fatalities occurred high on the mountain during deteriorating weather conditions. Although there have been dramatic improvements in knowledge of the mountain and in the technology used on it, it is shown that an unappreciated change that has also occurred, as a result of warming in the region, is an increase in barometric pressure. A rare and unique set of meteorological data collected at various elevations on the mountain during the 1924 British Everest expedition as well as modern datasets are used to compare and contrast conditions during the two storms and the two climbing seasons. It is shown that both storms were associated with weather systems known locally as western disturbances that resulted in summit barometric pressure drops sufficient to have exacerbated altitude-induced hypoxia. It is further shown that the Mallory and Irvine attempt occurred later in the season than typically is the case now and that this was most likely the result of a concurrent El Niño event. Despite the trend of increasing barometric pressure, the pressure drop associated with storms in the region should remain a concern for those who venture to extreme altitudes. The authors therefore argue that success and failure on Everest and other Himalayan peaks requires knowledge of the variability and trends in both the weather and climate.

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24

Pollard, Andrew J., Peter W. Barry, Nick P. Mason, David J. Collier, Rachel C. Pollard, Peter F. A. Pollard, Isla Martin, R. Scott Fraser, Martin R. Miller, and James S. Milledge. "Hypoxia, Hypocapnia and Spirometry at Altitude." Clinical Science 92, no. 6 (June 1, 1997): 593–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0920593.

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1. Both hypoxia and hypocapnia can cause broncho-constriction in humans, and this could have a bearing on performance at high altitude or contribute to altitude sickness. We studied the relationship between spirometry, arterial oxygen saturation and end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) concentration in a group of healthy lowland adults during a stay at high altitude, and then evaluated the response to supplementary oxygen and administration of a β2 agonist 2. We collected spirometric data from 51 members of the 1994 British Mount Everest Medical Expedition at sea level (barometric pressure 101.2–101.6 kPa) and at Mount Everest Base Camp in Nepal (altitude 5300 m, barometric pressure 53–54.7 kPa) using a pocket turbine spirometer. A total of 205 spirometric measurements were made on the 51 subjects during the first 6 days after arrival at Base Camp. Further measurements were made before and after inhalation of oxygen (n = 47) or a β2 agonist (n = 39). ETCO2 tensions were measured on the same day as spirometric measurements in 30 of these subjects. 3. In the first 6 days after arrival at 5300 m, lower oxygen saturations were associated with lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1; P < 0.02) and forced vital capacity (FVC; P < 0.01), but not with peak expiratory flow (PEF). Administration of supplementary oxygen for 5 min increased oxygen saturation from a mean of 81%–94%, but there was no significant change in FEV1 or FVC, whilst PEF fell by 2.3% [P < 0.001; 95% confidence intervals (CI) −4 to −0.7%]. After salbutamol administration, there was no significant change in PEF, FEV1 or FVC in 35 non-asthmatic subjects. Mean ETCO2 at Everest Base Camp was 26 mmHg, and a low ETCO2 was weakly associated with a larger drop in FVC at altitude compared with sea level (r = 0.38, P < 0.05). There was no correlation between either ETCO2 or oxygen saturation and changes in FEV1 or PEF compared with sea-level values. 4. In this study, in normal subjects who were acclimatized to hypobaric hypoxia at an altitude of 5300 m, we found no evidence of hypoxic broncho-constriction. Individuals did not have lower PEF when they were more hypoxic, and neither PEF nor FEV1 were increased by either supplementary oxygen or salbutamol. FVC fell at altitude, and there was a greater fall in FVC for subjects with lower oxygen saturations and probably lower ETCO2.

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25

Кобзова, Светлана, and Svetlana Kobzova. "Volunteering in tourism » and «voluntourism»: Current state and prospects of development." Services in Russia and abroad 9, no. 3 (November 26, 2015): 4–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/14389.

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The article is devoted to the problem of the current state and prospects of development of volunteering in tourism and voluntourism. The correlation between the concepts "volunteering", "volunteering in tourism" and "voluntourism" is disclosed; the short historical information about development of volunteering and voluntourism is given; the examples of classic tourism volunteer movement (participation of volunteers in the Olympic games in China, programs of World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms, projects like Hampton Save-A-Landmark, Turtle Teams, Conservation Volunteers, Appalachian Trail Conference, Tourist guide in HF Holidays, Help Exchange, United Nations Volunteers, Move Nepal and others) and tours as part of the voluntourism (international environmental expedition to Costa Rica, lake Baikal, mount Everest, the Inca Trail, programs of The China Conservation and Research Centre for the Giant Panda, Inti Wara Yassi, Earthwatch Institute) are described. The fundamental difference between these two different in form and principles of the organization types of the volunteer movement is also formulated. The article describes the present-day state and prospects of development of tourism volunteering in Russia, and among others accentuates activities of Centers for Volunteers Training, Regional centers of the tourism development, Association of volunteer centers, Volunteer tourism center of Moscow. The article presents current tourism programs and projects, which implemented in Russia such as events (sports), museums ("The Hermitage Friends Club", shares the State Darwin Museum, Polytechnical Museum, State Museum of стр. 20 из 206 Gulag History), archeological (projects of Eastern Bosporus archaeological expedition of the RAS and the fund "Archaeology"), environmental ("Great Baikal Trail" and others). At the end the list of recommendations for the development and support of travel volunteering and voluntourism on the territory of the Russian Federation is made.

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26

Jakubik, Katarzyna, Artur Magiera, and Rajmund Tomik. "ANALYSIS OF EXERCISE INTENSITY AND THE LEVEL OF THE BODY’S ADAPTATION TO HIGH ALTITUDE CONDITIONS WHILE TREKKING IN THE HIMALAYA MOUNTAINS." Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences 26, no. 76 (October 1, 2016): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.0925.

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Aim. The authors submitting this article considering that hiking at high altitudes is a form of active sport tourism, which enjoys growing popularity among tourists worldwide, assumed that the practice of trekking at altitudes above 2,500 meters (above sea level) is equivalent to activity of high intensity and carries a risk of high-altitude diseases. Basic procedures. The authors claim that despite the rapid progress of medical science, the problem of the economy of oxygen at high altitudes is not clearly understood. It is still the subject of many discussions and theoretical considerations. Main findings. The analysis were conducted in Nepal, in the Himalaya Mountains, during a trekking expedition to the Mount Everest Base Camp, in October 2015. The study group consisted of 10 people (5 women and 5 men). The study used specialized measurement equipment- a heart rate monitor (sport-testers). Results. During the studies, data from heart rate monitors from the six days of trekking were collected. The presented data demonstrate the influence of height above sea level on the average heart rate in the study group. Conclusions. On balance, the average heart rate in the study group decreases in direct proportion to the increase in altitude. The final analysis shows that the correct process of acclimatization is the most important factor in this research.

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27

Bimm, Jordan. "Philip W. Clements, Science in an Extreme Environment: The 1963 American Mount Everest Expedition. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2018. Pp. xvii + 269. ISBN 978-0-8229-4511-6. $39.95 (paperback)." British Journal for the History of Science 53, no. 1 (March 2020): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087420000072.

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28

Inkpen, Dani K. "Philip W. Clements. Science in an Extreme Environment: The 1963 American Mount Everest Expedition. xvii + 269 pp., figs., notes, bibl., index. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2018. $39.95 (cloth). ISBN 9780822945116." Isis 111, no. 1 (March 2020): 215–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/707852.

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29

Bhatta, Badri Nath. "Prosperity through Tourists in Lamjung District: An Anthropological Outlook." Interdisciplinary Research in Education 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 132–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ire.v4i2.27936.

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The study areas of anthropology have been growing day by day. Therefore, it has concerned with various parts of society such as sanitation, water supply, poverty, traditional practice, folk music, tourism etc as multidisciplinary areas. In fact, anthropology and tourism are co-evolutionary process in the path of their developments because they help each other in many ways. Traditionally, tourism and tourist are major anthropological sources of information to analyse the situation of then and present society and culture. Similarly, tourist can enjoy visiting any places by learning anthropological knowledge and findings. Methodologically, this is based on field observation, interview and other secondary sources to analyse the scenario. After the introduction of democracy in Nepal, she has been opened to outsiders. As a result, Sir Edmund Hillary as foreigner visited Nepal. Hillary with Tenzing Norgy Sherpa successfully climbed the Mount Everest in 29 May, 1953 at the first time. Then the glorious name of Nepal has become famous in the world. The tourism industries have been initiated from Thamel, Solukhumbo, Pokhara and then gradually extended in other parts of the country. Tourism at present period has popular pursuit in several parts of Nepal involving from hotel, lodge, guide, restaurant, expedition to home stay and other businesses. Lamjung has own identity in tourism perspective. The Ghalegaun is famous in SAARC level as model program for the home stay concept. From perennial snow peaks, biodiversity to natural forest of rhododendron in mountain to hill parts in the north and plain narrow valley in the south to develop cultural lives can be observed there. Lamjung has been enriched in different culture, fest and festivals. Paudure dance among the Kumal, bees hunting in steep slope rocky hills to Rodi in the Gurung have their own identity popular in the district.

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30

Blaustein, Anna. "An Ice Core from the Roof of the World." Eos 101 (December 14, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2020eo152621.

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31

Jindan, Nabilah. "Toponimi Gunung Semeru." Kajian Linguistik 6, no. 2 (August 2, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.35796/kaling.6.2.2018.24767.

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Toponymy is the science that has the object of study about topographical naming. The topographical element of concern in this study is Mount Semeru (3,676 masl). Toponymy research in the realm of natural landscape features in Indonesia that studies mountain naming has never been done. Data is obtained based on expedition mapping since the 19th century to pay attention to changes in mountain names, forecasting to trace the meaning of mountain names, and other supporting data such as oral traditions and history. This study uses the theoretical basis of Durkin (2009) in expressing the Etymology of Mount Semeru, followed by the theory of meaning development of connotation from Barthes' myth in Hoed (2011) to see various symptoms in a culture as a sign that is interpreted by the community through Peirce's Semiotics. The results showed that Semeru toponym had been around since the 19th century on a map of the Dutch expedition. In subsequent findings that Semeru toponym in the first semiosis process signifies a cultural concept embedded in the mind of the community that Mount Semeru is a threat, the second semiosis process signifies a cultural concept that calls the plateau with Javanese based on its form, Gumuk, Redi, and Wukir. The semiosis process is reduced again into two interpretations, namely Semeru toponym which is related to religion.Keywords: etymology, semeru, semiosis, toponymy

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