Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mouvements de résistance'
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Haddadou, Lila. "Mouvements de résistance et réinvention de la politique." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/135521041#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThe purpose of the dissertation is to deal with the theme of resistance(s) and of their link to politics. The notion resistance is crucial as regards any political thought which includes a reflection about the will for change which cannot be reduced to the mere idea of overthrowing an established power. It is comprised in a reflection which aims at showing the necessity of politics qua practice of conflict since resistance is in correlation to the irreductible experience in which a contradictory situation emerges – experience in which a type of violence comes into expression as such and unveils through this the scandalous side of things. I shall talk of resistance in its most active sense, which exalts movement, which resounds as an enthusing call that federates. This call is consistent for its rests on the belief that an alternative way of life remains possible. As Daniel Bensaïd wrote : "Resistance qua action comes less from a reasoned political thought than it gives birth to it. " Along this line, I shall ask myself what the strength of a particular resistance consists in. This will be done from reflections about diverses ways of resisting, without temporal or geographical limits, which I shall try and present in their singularity
Vast, Cécile. "Une histoire des Mouvements Unis de Résistance (de 1941 à l'après-guerre) : Essai sur l'expérience de la Résistance et l'identité résistante." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00596588.
Full textDouzou, Laurent. "Le mouvement de résistance Libération-Sud (1940-1944)." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010640.
Full textOut of the three main resistance movements created in the southern zone of France in 1940-1941, liberation-sud was the only one which had never been studied as a whole yet. The thesis is divided into three parts. First,it stresses the "prehistoric" period of the movement (autumn 1940-march 1941), when a small group was formed to gather those who did not intend to follow the French government of Vichy. The second part (march 1941-december 1942) studies the movement itself. The chronology of its growth, the periodisation of its activity,the personnality of those who helped its developpement,the way the movement worked and organized its services,its settlement in the various regions and districts (which allows to outline a sociology of its members) : such are the themes treated. The third part studies the thought and the political strategy of the movement between 1941 and 1944 through a study of its underground press on the one hand, and by focusing on the links it developped with the other movements and with Général De Gaulle's authority on the other hand. It deals especially with a question often tackled by historians: that of communist
Barasz, Johanna. "De Vichy à la Résistance : les vichysto-résistants 1940-1944." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0003.
Full textThe “Vichysto-resistants” can be defined as active French resisters who had been genuine advocates of the French State; in other words, men who had supported, not only the Marshal Pétain himself, but also the Vichy regime, its ideology and the policies it carried out under the German rule. Whether from an ideological, an organisational, a strategic or a relational point of view, their resistance experience was shaped by their Vichy experience. This thesis aims at elucidating the Vichysto-resistant paths of metamorphosis. We will highlight the bridges between Vichy and the Resistance underground movements that allowed individuals and groups to cross the frontier between two apparently opposed communities. These bridges existed both in the “Vichysto-resistants’” representations as well as in the concrete relationships they established with the underground movements. We will then establish the distinctive political and organisational features of the “Vichysto-resistants’” resistance and show how they were influenced by the institutional position they had occupied within the regime and the contacts they had maintained with Vichy officials. Finally, we will expose the modalities of the Vichysto-resistants’ integration within the Resistance in the process of unification. We will see how this incorporation affected the identity building processes of the Resistance as a whole. Indeed, faced with the rivalry the Vichysto-resistants represented, the Resistance was compelled to formulate its identity and, in a way, to draw the limits of its community
Ceccarini, Estelle. "Les écrits des résistantes italiennes : l'expression plurielle de la Résistance au féminin entre témoignage et quête de soi." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX10072.
Full textGuillon, Jean-Marie. "La Résistance dans le Var : essai d'histoire politique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX10017.
Full textThis study is above all political. It is departmental and regional and covers the period from 1940 to the present. After introducing the Var, it follows the setting-up of the Vichy regime and the formation of an early opposition, expressing itself by spontaneous acts, and the subsequent formation of resistance groups organised before the occupation. It shows how they fitted into the local republican spirit. The evolution of public opinion under the successive occupations, italian and german, and faced with accumulated contraints precedes the analysis of the three poles around which the whole resistance revolved : the m. U. R. , the forces backing them (socialists and free masons) and the institutional part they played, the intelligence network, as well as the o. R. A. And the s. A. P. , the obscure lead by the communist party. This resistance was at the origin of one of the first c. D. L. In france, but it was beset by increasingly bitter internal conflicts which gradually eroded the political and military hegemony of the m. U. R. This tension deepened in the spring of 1944 and especially after the mobilization of 6th june, during this memorable period of history
Wieviorka, Olivier. "Destins d'un mouvement de résistance : défense de la France." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010591.
Full textDefense de la France" is a resistance movement localized in northern France. At the beginning, the movement prints a newpaper ; then, it makes false identity documents and creates "maquis". Mostly parisian, D. F. Is also implanted in brittany and burgondy and attracts more and more members, 3. 000 in august 1944. In spite the differences between the members, the movement creates a real unity which lies on the actions it propounds. Untill 1942, it believies in Petain's double jeu but since january 1943, it accepts to join Charles de Gaulle. In 1944, Defense de la France. Creates a newspaper, France-Soir, and a political movement, the mln. But these endeavours fail
Lacour, Claude. "Image(s) de la Résistance ou résistance(s) à l'image : 1939 - 1945 : histoire et mythologies cinématographiques." Nancy 2, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc136/2002NAN21026_1.pdf.
Full textWith bringing together and comparisons between the forty three films of the corpus, we are planning to analyze the relations between the film and the concept of resistance kept up by the society, between the film and the way that the resistance to look to itself. By bringing to the fore the different elements which compose the picture, the organisation of the picture in the narrative construction and the tremporal combinations that emerge out the many levels which constitute the film, it appears a narrow tie between the film and the memory, between the film and the history. History takes place in the film through it production context. This research, carrying out a systematic analisis of the films, results in the exposure of a representation of the resistance through a opposition system to the collaboration, which is destroyed by its representation and in the next verification : the film about the resistance subject to the historical writing and to the movements of our social memory and of our construction of identity
Chamas, Abbas. "Les mouvements de libération entre résistance et terrorisme : le cas du Hezbollah et du Hamas." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05DA08.
Full textAfter the events of the 11th of September 2001, the world has witnessed an unexpected fierce struggle (war against terrorism), this war started in Afghanistan, the center and shelter of Qaeda which is accused of attacking New York and Washington, then it transferred to Iraq which is also accused of taking part in supporting and helping these terrorist attacks, which threatens the United States of America and its ally Israel. Under the same title (war against terrorism), Israel has made a war against national liberal movements as, the Lebanese resistance Hezbollah, and the Palestinian one Hamas. Transforming the resisting national liberal movements against colonization to a target of such a war and comparing them to Al Qaeda and other terrorist organizations is more than a mistake but a disaster. This mix between terrorism and resistance is the thesis of my dissertation entitled (national liberal movements between terrorism and resistance, Hezbollah and Hamas)
Lancry, Yehuda. "Théorie et pratique de la résistance en littérature : nouvelles approches de l'oeuvre de Michel Butor." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE2035.
Full textBertrand-Chaud, Sophie. "Turma-Vengeance : un mouvement de résistance apolitique en zone Nord (1940-1946)." Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STET2099.
Full textTurma-Vengeance has been fouded, since January 1941 by Victor Dupont, Raymond Chanel and François Wetterwald. Three résistance groups are elaborating : escape, intelligence and action. Escape is on of the first installed by Raymond Chanel, in Nièvre, who joins with Vengeance group, soma agents from the Armée des Volontaires. Victor Dupont has created many little résistance groups distributed in North Zone. In November 1942, after German invasion of the South Zone, Victor Dupont allies with Ceux de La Libération to preserve a contact with Allied. Passy names the intelligence corps, Turma. In 1943, Victor Dupont and François Wetterwald have succeeded in spreading out Corps Francs in nine North Zone areas. Action groups are formed including The Special Section. Associated with Libre Patrie, Libération and Confrérie Notre Dame, they establish connections on Belgium. The law at last on year 1943 and see 1944 put an end to Turma. With the training of military manager, in the School of Cerisy Belle Etoile and the secret honour Committee, Vengeance recoves. Estimated by British S. A. S. , for their military groups, Vengeabce troops integrated in F. F. I. , are efficients in battles of France Liberation. Not political, Vengeance will quickly break away from C. D. L. L. In 1945 and 1946. Come back from concentration camps, the founders are working for the recognition of their movement and create a Friendly Society to regroup Turma-Vengeance ex-servicemen
Ristanović, Milan. "La participation italienne à la résistance yougoslave." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010570.
Full textIn the introduction one speaks about the phenomenon of anti-fascism in the Italian armed forces in Yugoslavia during the second world war, about the voluntaries Italians in Yugoslavia, and about the roots of Italian resistance in abroad. The second part is consecrated to the capitulation of Italy and to the repercussions to the Italian armed forces situated in Balkans. During whole war the Adriatic was the most tangible and most brittle region of Europe. Many anxieties, fears and hopes of each one side involved in the war was bound for the Adriatic. The military situation in this region is explained in the third part of this work. The fourth part is consecrated to the Italian resistance in Montenegro, where, in the winter 1944 were founded the greats Italians unities militaries as divisions and brigades. In this part, in a whole chapter one speaks about the Italian division partisan "garibaldi", which play a great part in the Yugoslav resistance. In the fifth part one explains the resistance in Bosnia in the Perion winter-spring 1944,. .
Aglan, Alya. "Le mouvement Libération-Nord, 1940-1947 : un engagement politique dans la résistance." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998IEPP0017.
Full textThis study reconstitutes the history of one of the great resistance movements of the northern zone which grew out of converging initiatives of first confederated and christian trade unionits and later, from the socialists. The study is divided into three parts : journal, movement, and action, which correspond to the three different stages of the history of Liberation Nord with several cross-cutting analyses, about the sociology of the movement and the solidarity networks where recruitment was made. As soon as the links with London were established, thanks to Christian Pineau's trip in March-April 1942, activities which first centered on the production and distribution of the newspaper liberation started to spread, through the networks Cohors and Phalanx, to economic and political intelligence. At the start of 1943, the mouvement dedicated itself to the organisation of the secret army while redoubling its efforts in the struggle against the STO. By 1944 Liberation Nord became a complex structure having developed, besides its numerous militant ramifications, a true apparatus for military combat, without ever giving up its primary vocation of political propaganda, an activity which will it will continue to pursue even after the Liberation
Zaki, M'barek. "Le Maroc : de la Résistance pacifique au mouvement de libération nationale (1845-1958)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX10077.
Full textLouis, Camille. "La recomposition de la politique dans la décomposition des politiques : conflictualité des dramaturgies politiques." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080052/document.
Full textCrossing dramaturgical and philosophical approaches, this thesis tries to underline the tension in between different modalities of inscribing contemporary politics and of proposing different regimes of its perception. From representation and its technics of governmentality to occupation as it has been embodied by contemporary protests in Europe ( Syntagma square, Athens 2011; 15 M in Spain ; Taksim, Istanbul 2013;...) : a recomposition of meaning and forms of politics is at work and asks for a change in regard to the traditional way of reading politics.At the very moment when the criteriology of political science and economical theory mainly notice a failure and an impotency of these movements, an experimental approach can perceive the situation differently. This approach is based on “experience” but this does not mean that ittrusts only the narrative and testimonies of those who were on the square, who “participated” in it. It means that this thesis will develop an approach based on an “intelligence of transformations” in order to resist to the “dramaturgy of the end and the return” (Jacques Rancière) with which the “drama” of our european crisis is inscribed. It will not focus on what has been done and lived before, but it will concentrate, with the memory of such a past, to what lasts and what comes
Katumanga, Musambayi Chrisanthus. "Leadership, organisation et prise du pouvoir : les causes du succès des mouvements de résistance en Ouganda et au Rwanda (1981-2000)." Pau, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PAUU2009.
Full textBenestroff, Corinne. "Résistance et résilience dans l’œuvre de Jorge Semprun." Paris 8, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA083894.
Full textBased on Carlo Ginzburg’ indiciary paradigm which interlaces History and stories, archives and live words, this cross-disciplinary research on Jorge Semprun’s genre-defying work addresses the links between the Resistance and resilience, between trauma and writing. It traces the writer’s many metamorphoses and lifelong commitment, from the Spanish Civil War to the Burgundy resistance movement, from the terror of Buchenwald to the clandestinity of the Spanish Communist Party. What is implied in the aesthetic choice of literature as a means to bear witness ? How does an « act of resistance » qualify as a process of resilience ? As an offering to the departed, how resilient is Semprun’s writing in its efforts to suspend forgetfulness and denial ? Inscribed within the conceptual field of Edgar Morin’s philosophy of complexity, linking bios to graphein, this oblique and transverse approach to Semprun’s written work leads to novel findings which go beyond the aporia of witness literature and elaborate a poetics of resilience and The Resistance
Malinas, David Antoine. "Protestation et résistance dans le Japon contemporain : la mobilisation des sans-abri (Tokyo, Shinjuku)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010297.
Full textIsraël, Liora. "Robes noires, années sombres : la résistance dans les milieux judiciairesSociologie historique d'une mobilisation juridique." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DENS0029.
Full textHoffmann, Elisabeth. "La mémoire de la « Résistance » au prisme d’une histoire comparée des associations d’anciens résistants du Luxembourg, de l’Alsace, de la Moselle et de la Belgique de l’Est (1944-2017)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0053/document.
Full textThe present thesis, which has been accomplished with the support of the Fonds national de la Recherche du Luxembourg and within the research project “Partizip 2” at the University of Luxembourg (partizip.uni.lu) as well as in a cotutelle with the University of Lorraine, is an analysis of the memory of “Resistance” in Luxembourg, Alsace, Moselle and East Belgium. from 1944 to 2017. These territories were (de facto) incorporated within the Third Reich after the German invasion of Western Europe on the 10th of May of 1940. During the research, various asymmetries between these territories at the level of memory medias such as monuments, museums or legal statuses as a tribute to former resistance members were noticed. However, these memory asymmetries do not only appear between the state of Luxembourg and the French and Belgian regions, but also between the regions themselves. Thus the difference between the national and regional levels seems to be an accurate explanation if we compare the Grand-Duchy with the French and Belgian regions, but it does not allow us to understand the memory variations between these regions. Which are then the reasons that causes these memory asymmetries? Or in other words: which factors do contribute to the intensification of the memory of “Resistance”? In order to determine these factors, a comparative study of associations of former resistance members in Luxembourg, Alsace, Moselle and Est Belgium was undertaken, as they are crucial memory actors who often initiate the memory medias mentioned above
Pollack, Guillaume. "A travers les frontières : la résistance des réseaux (1940-1945)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H045.
Full textThis thesis is the first global study about French Resistance networks during the Second World War (1940-1945). We ask several questions. How did these organisations break out political borders built in Europe by the Nazis after their victory in France in May-June 1940 ? How did these networks construct communications beyond these borders (by air, earth and sea) with the Allied secret services in only four years ? Finally, through the study of fighting experience, the role distribution in these networks and the question of repression, we also wonder : how did the clandestine war disrupt gender relations between men and women fighting against the Nazis ?
Martin, Patrick-André. "La Résistance dans le département de la Drôme : 1940-1944." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040077.
Full textThe Drôme, a transitional department and a manifold crossroad (geographical, regional, political, religious), has experienced many situations similar to those of France from 1940 to 1944, particularly those concerning the Resistance : civil, military, Movements, Networks, maquis (among them the one of the Vercors), etc. It's a good observation post of the relations which have woven between all those components, a good model of which it is, which allow to consider it as a human, organized, dynamic, open, multiple decision-maker system, with nebulous frontiers. Its appearance is minor, spontaneous, ubiquitous, it finds a favourable environment for its development. Its organisations are initiating from those pre-existing in the society before the war. It grows exponentially. Population provides it support and logistics. Drôme shows phenomena of notability, patrimoniality, functionnality, intentionnality, availability. The special features of the Résistance in the Drôme are due to its geography, its history and its culture. They are independent of the Resistance while interacting with it. The Resistance is one of the components which maintain the republican system after the war. Each social, political, cultural, religious, professional group may count some one's people, more or less numerous, among the Resistants, and may quote them as an example. Some Resistants are polyvalents, having several activities in the Résistance, members of several organisations. They are often key-men of the system. For that reason, the unity of the Resistance, both civil and military, has been very soon achieved in the Drôme. Rules which allow to study the Resistance are quite simple, but the games played are complicated. There are simultaneously unity and diversity. This system reproduce itself, basically, independently of the time and the place. Only the form changes : culture and time introduce irregularities of Resistance, according to the influence of circumstances on this phenomenon, both natural and cultural, on the way how it construct itself and the multiple roles it played
Andréo, Marilyne. "Sociologie de la Résistance dans le Gard, le Vaucluse et les Bouches-du-Rhône." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MON30090/document.
Full textWith 3 departments, sociological analyse of the résistants : geographical origin and social origin of the resistants, familial situation, professional situation during the war, the age when they joigned the Resistance, their organisation, their actions, their sacrifice for the liberation or not, medals, what they became after the conflict (profession, political action, participation on an association)
Sagradini, Lucia. "Traumatisme et résistance : les pratiques artistiques en Argentine de 1976 à 1995." Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN1502.
Full textSemelin, Jacques. "La resistance civile de masse en europe sous l'occupation nazie (1939-1945)." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040164.
Full textThis thesis is a specific study of the main forms of non-armed resistance against german occupation in europe (1939-1945). This non-armed resistance is often forgotten in the historical studies of the period. This work intends to make it better known and to evaluate whether the non-cooperation strategies were really effective against the ennemy. About 40 cases of mass-civilian resistance are selected inside the occupied europe (protestations, strikes, civil disobedience, rescue of jews. . . ). They are classified according to an original typology. The comparative analysis underlines the basic parameters of the civilian resistance. This research gives a new histirical material in french language and presents a new aspect of the resistance against nazism, showing its non-military aspects
Peñaranda, Daniel Ricardo. "Résistance et reconstruction Identitaire dans les Andes Colombiennes. : Le mouvement Armé Quintin Lame." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030040.
Full textThis work lies in the intersection between the process of rural social movements and the armed revolutionary experiences, starting from a specific case in which a community movement, with a strong ethnic base, had to cope with widespread violence because of the simultaneous presence of the social conflict and insurgents armed who disputed the territory and population. This is the Quintin Lame Armed Movement, an organization that acted between 1985 and 1991 in northern Cauca, southwest Colombia. This territory of about 250,000 inhabitants (21% of the national Indian population) is the second largest concentration of native country. Since the seventies, this scenario is the epicenter of the largest social mobilization of Colombia who, forty years later, obtain indisputable successes in its fight for autonomy, the recovery of land for the benefit of Indian communities and valuable cultural elements that have helped to consolidate a successful process of reconstruction of identity
Aggoun, Nacera. "La résistance algérienne dans le chelif algérois : de 1945 à la guerre (1954-1962)." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081101.
Full textThis study is an history of the algerian nationalist movement (espacially communists and messalists) from the second world war to the algerian war (1954-1962). Political and social development under the french colonization of the eastern chelif explains the chelifian resistance. After the 1er november 1954, the military resistance begins in 1956 between the dahra and the ouarsenis mountains. The methods employed are geography, anthropology and oral history (short biographies dictionnary)
Sharifi, Dryaz Massoud. "De la résistance microscopique à l'action collective organisée : engagement et désengagement des militants dans l'espace kurde." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0048.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the appearance, evolution, internal crises and transformations of the Kurdish movement in Turkey. This work sits at the crossroads of the sociology of action, theories of collective action and subaltern studies. The study design introduces structured, organizational and visible dimensions of Kurdish protests on one side, and less-visible, unstructured and non-centralized aspects of these actions on the other. To complete this perspective, the experience and subjectivity of individual actors in the movement are analyzed. The methods used in this thesis are primarily qualitative, including semi-directed interviews. The corpus studied consists of 77 interviews with members of Kurdish associations and political parties in Turkey, as well as with guerrillas and former militants from the PKK. Secondary sources, documents and newspapers are also analyzed. The thesis follows three main lines of thought and is divided into six chapters. Firstly, this study focuses on the emergence and evolution of the Kurdish movement in Turkey. In the second section, the analysis focuses on processes of engagement, activism and disengagement in the Kurdish space. Finally, the last section examines how the space of Kurdish collective action is expanding and diversifying. Discourse, rhetoric, perceptions of identity and strategies are challenged and sometimes transformed in this new transnational space
Müller, Angélica. "La résistance du mouvement étudiant brésilien au régime dictatorial et le retour de l'UNE à la scène politique (1969-1979)." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010626.
Full textGielec, Henri. "Le lycée polonais Cyprian Norwid de Villard-de-Lans (1940-1946) : articulation des liens historiques franco-polonais." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN21004/document.
Full textThe friendship between France and Poland proved strong in many circumstances and on many occasions. However, it was particularly appreciated in the very exceptional case of the LYCÉE POLONAIS CYPRIEN NORWID de VILLARD-DE-LANS. The continued existence of that school, in spite of the German presence, makes it the only official Polish secondary school in occupied Europe. In Poland secondary schools were strictly forbidden. This work presents the story of that lycée (secondary school) and of its teachers. It tells of the help provided by the whole population, the atmosphere they managed to create and the friendship that developed from it. It was important for all this to be known or recollected, especially after the school closed down in 1946
Serrurier, Carol. "Chronique d'une impossible transition : transformation et résistance au changement dans les romans récents de Nadine Gordimer (1980 à 1995)." Nancy 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN21019.
Full textThe years between 1980 and 1995 delineate one of the most fascinating transition periods of the end of the Twentieth Century. This thesis examines the political and social changes and their effects on the individual and on the group through four of the novels by one of that country's foremost writers, Nobel Prize winner in literature (1991), Nadine Grodimer. In addition to the reciprocal influences operating between text and context, this transversal study analyses transformation and resistance to change in such postcolonial areas as identity, place and sense of belonging, as well as the more universal concerns of belief systems and interpersonal relationships. Gordimer's writing, with its narratological density and its wealth of imagery and intertextual references, provides fertile ground for the study of the subject chosen
Randrianantoandro, Hiarivelo. "Le mouvement des forces vives à Antananarivo : sociologie de la protestation collective à Madagascar." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070025.
Full textTo deal with collective protest in Madagascar supposes to open and enlarge the field of the areas studies andl reconsider the validity of the pre-existing theoretical tools of the sociology of social movements which aim to encompass and explain the social components and interactions that characterize industrially developed countries. Taking into account the concepts that sustain the sociology of social movements, this analysis helps to comprehend and explain a particular protest movement confronting a political system so repressive that its eventual success seemed very dubious. Our aim was to grasp and define the constituents of the emergence, growth and impetus of the "Hery Velona" movement ("Vital Forces Movement") within the context of an authoritarian system. The first part consists of an historical survey of the political, economical and social life of Madagascar, from the times of the Independence to the 1991 crisis, explaining the background of the formation of the "Hery Velona" movement. Then, taking into account the organizational approach, the importance of the mobilization organizers that were previously active, as well as the various forms of their endeavours are detailed (2nd Part). Last but not least, it is attempted to characterize the components of the actors of the mobilization and their motivations; within this mainframe, a particular attention is devoted to the influence of the Churches considered both as organizing bodies and leaders influencing the perception, representation, and affirmative cohesion of the actors themselves
Camarade, Hélène. "Écritures de la résistance dans le journal intime sous le Troisième Reich (1933-1945)." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20075.
Full textThis study is based on diaries in German by the victims of racial politics, opponents and resisters of National Socialism, who remained in Germany between 1933 and 1945. From the analysis of the diaries of Ulrich von Hassell, Elfriede Paul, Theodor Haecker, Friedrich Reck-Malleczewen, Lisa de Boor, Victor Klemperer, Oskar Rosenfeld, Irene Hauser and Elisabeth Block, this work shows how the diarists used their dairies as a clandestine medium of free expression to assert or consolidate their individual identity and to oppose the regime. The study highlights four examples of resistance in the diaries: the preservation of the freedom of thought and the values opposed to the National Socialist ideology; the survival strategy; the willingness to oppose the falsification of history through a written testimony; and the formulation of political plans for Germany in the post-Hitler era
Gregori, Sylvain. ""Forti saremu se saremu uniti" : entre continuité et ruptue, résistance(s) et société corse, juillet 1940-septembre 1943." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10085.
Full textPoubangui, Emmanuel. "Les résistances Banda de l'actuelle République Centrafricaine devant les invasions étrangères de 1830 à 1930." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080871.
Full textBanda, people of the present central african republic, were living more or less quietly with other surrounded ethnic groups while, from the xvie century, some foreigners, especially arabs and europeans, invaded them and infiltrated their freedom. The first made their crimes in the name of the islamique religion when the others did if for the christian civilization. Banda were like in a vice with arabs in the north and europeans in the south. In front of such an invasion, banda had both a passive and revolutionary force reaction to save their existence and cultural identity; but, if they refused islamization, this was not the case for evangelization
Guichard-Croset, Marina. "La construction d'une mémoire collective de la Résistance en Haute-Savoie : Les Glières." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STET2153.
Full textAt the heart of Haute-Savoie, between January and March 1944, a gathering of men took place on the Plateau des Glières. Under the command of Lt. Tom Morel and of Captain Maurice Anjot, both chasseurs alpins at the 27th BCA, they are mandated to receive air drops of weapons whose the "maquis" of the Department have a pressing need. Driven by the motto "Live Free or Die", the resistance lead a disproportionate fight against the Vichy forces and then against those of Wehrmacht up to the end of March 1944. Even if one can not talk about sacrifice, more than one hundred "maquisards" lose their lives. There then followed an organized reconstruction of the maquis until the 1st August 1944, when three thousand men gather again to receive the most massive air drops ever received by resistance during daylight. At the middle of August 1944 and due to successful air drops, the Resistance forces liberate their department. The defeat of weapons becomes a victory. Since 1944, the survivors gather in a organization called "the association of survivors of Glières".' They bury their dead, write a first testimonial book and publish the first issue of "Messages". In 1973, they launch an international competition to build a monument. Going alternatively through successful and troubled times, the memory of the Glières stands gradually around a co-constructed story enriched with mythological references. Sixty-five years later, the memory of the Glières "maquis" is still alive, driven by players and commonly engaged in the share of a citizen heritage. So, the process of building the Glières memory is the real hermeneutics issue of this thesis
Benkada, Abdelhak. "Electrotransport des ions organiques dans des membranes échangeuses d'ions." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20254.
Full textLehr, Johanna. "La résistance fait(e) école : La deuxième guerre mondiale et les projets éducatifs juifs en France." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010329.
Full textVirieux, Daniel. "Le front national de lutte pour la liberté et l'indépendance de la France : un mouvement de résistance. Période clandestine (mai 1941-août 1944)." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081130.
Full textOn may 27th 1941, the p. C. F. (french communist party) calls for the formation of a patriotic union - the "front national" -, which organizes itself from july 1941. The driving force and backbown of which are provided by the p. C. F. , the military branch by the "francs tireurs et partisans" (f. T. P. ), the legitimazing emblem by the "comite du front national". From the autumn 1942 onwards, the first committes engaged in that fight are led to set up a nationwide autonomus organisation run by two pluralistic "comites directeurs" (north zone and south zone). In spring 1943, this trend is encouraged by the fact that the "conseil national de la resistance" (c. N. R. ) acknowledges the status of "mouvement de resistance" to the 'fn' represented by par pierre villon. During the second semester 1943, the f. N. Grows into a nebula of organisations whose dynamism has its roots in each 'pays' (homeland) and trade. It gradually assumes the roles played before by the p. C. F. Within the front national and dedicates itself to the coordination of the 'resistance' within the "comites de la liberation" (c. D. L. ), the c. N. R. And its "bureau permanent" (b. P. ). The f. N. Has these authorities take over the running of all the operations in the 'resistance' and the coordination of the "forces francaises de l'interieur" (f. F. I. ). Under the urge of defending the maquis (february 1944). It plays a prominent part in elaborating the "programme d'action" adopted by the c. N. R. On march 15th 1944. During the fights for the "liberation", le f. N. Plays an active part in organizing the civilians into joining the "insurrection nationale", without
Cehreli, Ayse Sila. "Chelmno, Belżec, Sobibór, Treblinka : politique génocidaire nazie et résistance juive dans les centres de mise à mort (novembre 1941-janvier 1945)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010539.
Full textLacour-Astol, Catherine. "La Résistance féminine : répression et reconnaissance (1940-début des années 1950) : l'exemple du Nord." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0050.
Full textThe North of France, which was twice occupied by the German army, is an ideal area from which to examine the gender of the Resistance as well as the development of women’s constructions. This thesis aims at approaching the women’s Resistance and its representations, by means of repression and gratitude. The repression, as conducted by the OFK 670, revealed an earlier and diverse Resistance, the original feature of which lied in assistance. The repression also displayed the autonomy of women’s commitment to the Resistance. The majority of the female victims of the German repression have acted in an individual way. Nevertheless, the repression which touched them depended on sexual difference, through its chronology, its methods, its intensity. Post-war years were the time of a contrasted and ephemeral recognition. The political scene and field of honors opened up to the female members of the Resistance. Studying the different actors of gratitude (Resistance organizations, local powers, members of Resistance), its chronology – during the war, and once the war was over – and its cultural determiners, showed that women themselves represented the most important brake to the recognition of female resisters and women’s Resistance. Female members of Resistance had no interest in social recognition, thus they have ignored the step to obtain medals or status of « volunteer fighter of the Resistance ». At the same time, they have played a small role in the building of the Resistance memory, which can explain why, in the case of women, the figure of the victim competes with that of the Resistant
Ghiles-Meilhac, Samuel. "Le CRIF : de la résistance juive à la tentation du lobby 1943-2010." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0101.
Full textCreated in the underground during the winter 1943, the Representative council of French Jewish Institutions, the CRIF has been enjoying a fascinating role in the French society since the 1980's. The history of this Jewish umbrella organization remains mostly unknown. This thesis fills this gap by analyzing the different historical moments of the CRIF, linked to the evolutions of French Jewry, the conflicts between Israel and its Arab neighbors and the different phases of France's policy and public discourse when it comes to anti-Semitism and the memory of the deportation of Jews during the Second World War. This historical approach is enriched by a focus on the nature of the CRIF and its influence. One key element is a comparison with other Jewish umbrella organizations in the United States. This research is based on archives files and interviews in France and Israel
Agulló, Juan. "Clientélisme, néo-libéralisme et résistances sociales au Mexique (1982-2000)." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0120.
Full textThis research analyses the changes within the Mexican popular movement between 1982 and 2000. It deals with a transition period that goes from an inward oriented developpment model with a clientelist bases, to another of outward oriented development model structured around a representative democracy. The "external debt crisis" exploded in 1982. It represented the end of the economic policies postulated during the 1950 decade by the ECLAC. Like in other developing countries, the end of Keynesian model meant the progressive introduction of monetarism. This change cause a similar process in a popular movement. Since 1982, the social claims have began organizing around problems linked to the Neo-liberal transformation of the State. In fact, between 1982 and 2000, popular participation, political control and social justice claimed spread more and more. A survey of the most meaningful social movements of this period shows the substantial coincidence of apparently heterogeneous social claims. At the same time, it confirm the importance that the Neo-zapatism has had in terms of refoundation of social resistance. At last it proves that the pool victory of an opponent candidate belonging to the dominant class, is far from having solved the problem of democracy in Mexico
Gawin, Geoffroy. "Les évolutions des médiations testimoniales dans différents musées de la Résistance : du présentiel à l'audiovisuel." Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30044.
Full textThis research focuses on the evolution of cultural practices of testimonies in three museums dedicated to the French Resistance, situated in the cities of Bondues, Lyon, and Nantua. In the late decade, the last war witnesses who had used to share their memories in-person, coming to the museums, have been gradually ceasing their activities because of their age. This research aims to understand how this emptiness is being filled with new testimonial practices based on audiovisual technologies and how a link is being kept with the witnesses. The study found out that the history of each museum shapes the way how these institutions consider testimonies today. The analysis also revealed the common processes of mediation within the chain that can be defined as : Ŗtestimonial experiences with the in-person witness Ŕ conception of audiovisual mediations with testimonies Ŕ testimonial experiences with audiovisual devicesŗ: sensitivity, figures of Resistance veterans and territories. Thus, the sensitive connection with the former in-person witnesses is being kept through the way how each mediator pursues the video recordings. The way of handling videos appeared to be a major factor in the way of keeping track with the past witnesses and then, in the transmission of testimonies. As a consequence, it highlighted the importance of maintaining the diversity of cultural practices of mediators to preserve a sensitive connection with the past
Tran, Thi Lien. "Les catholiques vietnamiens pendant la Guerre d'indépendance, 1945-1954 : entre la reconquête coloniale et la résistance communiste." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997IEPP0011.
Full textThe national feeling of the Vietnamese catholics became all the more violent in 1945 as it had been denied before ; so that some of the clergy didn't hesitate to launch straight into the political and military action. This need of political involvement in the fight for independance could be explained by the desir to put an end to the accusation of "traitors to their homeland". (they were accused to be at the origine of the French conquest) the catholics soon faced a dilemma : the keenest fighters for independance were communists and their project of society was far from the catholic aspirations. Between the minority that chose to rally the Viet minh, and the other that collaborated with the French, a major trend rose, especially among the influent clerical elite, claiming autonomy from the communist resistance and from the Bao Dai governement completely dependant from the French. The Vietnamese catholics tried therefore to assert themselves on a political level, by refusing both the French reconquest and the communist hegemony in the resistance to the French. From 1945 to 1949, the theme of the fight for independance prevailed in the political speech of the catholics ; then from 1950 to 1954, the theme of fight against communism took over, without suppressing the nationalist ideas. The experience of living under Viet minh power and international events (communist china, Korean war) caused a progressive rallying of the catholics to the Bao Dai's solution. Far from raising enthusiasm, it was the only alternative left. It's therefore during the war of independance that the Vietnamese catholics tried to act as political actors, and to free themselves from the function of instruments, that the Viet Minh and the French wanted them to play
Guillon, Julien. "Dessiner le territoire de la Résistance : Essai sur la dissidence en Isère (1934-1944)." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STET2215/document.
Full textIn the histography of the Resistance, territory was not a subject that was really studied. As the political aspects were the favourite topics of historians, this essay, set within the framework of the department of Isère, attempts to fill this void by introducing issues linked to geography. The space in which the Resistance tried to impose its own standards brings a new approach. The territories involved were determined, bom of complex social pre-war relationships. Politics, and even family antecedents, carried the seeds of the reaction against Vichy and/or the Occupations. After a long period where these values predominated, cracks were appearing : defeat, the humiliating deprivations, all combined to trigger a diffused transgression process. This analysis thus distinguishes between two groups to clarify a complex phenomenon. A membership group, whose main distinguishing feature is affiliation, is also characterised by variable differences of opinion with respect to the reference group, which for their own reasons left the most tangible acts of transgression in the bands of the first group. The membership group was built via Movements where organisations offered their alternatives. A transgression territory was therefore created, with empiricism. The topographical characteristics of the Department of Isère vary distinctly between plains and mountains. This territory, home to some 100 hamlets and towns, in the shadow of Lyon, contributed to creating a specific Resistance. From urban G.F. to lightly armed mobile squads, a vast sphere of transgressions is inventoried here to clarify the Resistance phenomenon
Fratissier, Michel. "Jean Moulin. Enjeux et lieux de mémoire, 1945-2000." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30035.
Full textOn december 19th 1964, Jean Moulin's ashes were brougt to the Pantheon during a great ceremony as if he were a head State and deservedly so. This master's thesis aims to grasp when, how and why Jean Moulin was chosen to be a hero of the french Resistance and the target of criticism. Unlike the hypotheses that have already bean assumed, the analysis of the vectors of memory stresses that Jean Moulin was praised as sonn as 1945. 1964, 1969, 1981, 1983, are major dates, the key to understand the chronology of remembrance. Recollecting is carried out owing to complicated networks, combining local and national personalities, past traditional political divisions. The conventional pattern of opposition between two type of memory, Communist and Gaullist, is too simplistic as far as Jean Moulin is concerned. The attempts to destabilize the hero fail. Nowadays Jean Moulin has become a genuine fact of history
Cezar, Mundim Luiz Felipe. "Le public organisé pour la lutte : le cinéma du peuple en France et la résistance du mouvement ouvrier au cinéma commercial (1895-1914)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H046/document.
Full textThe thesis examines the relationship between the French working class movement and the cinema at the beginning of the 20th century, specifically from 1895 to 1914. 1t focuses on the specific experience of the cooperative Cinéma du Peuple, which lasted from October 1913 to July 1914. The cooperative Cinéma du Peuple took part of militant cinema in France, which was barely begun from 1909 on when the industrialization process of the film in France was already advanced. Transmitted beyond 1914, the experience of the Cinéma du Peuple, first working class movement organized attempt to film appropriation, laid the foundations of a new ground of intervention in a prolonged hegemony in the cultural field until the present days. The assumption is that the public - a category of analysis in an alternative scale than mass or spectator - showed, with the experience of Cinéma du Peuple, that it is not by nature and so irrevocable way a prisoner of the commercial films and the interests of distributors. From the concepts of repertoire of contention, and the experience of the ideological domination of commercial cinema, we strive to identify the contours of that public, partly coïncident with the working class movement, mostly through collective and individual militants' trajectories, propagandists of the Cinéma du Peuple and its public. At the same time, we intend to bring from the analysis of the Cinéma du Peuple's films the beginning of the formation of a new mode of representation of the working class
Vieira, Guillaume. "La répression de la Résistance par les Allemands à Marseille et dans sa région (1942 - 1944)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3073.
Full textOur research is particularly centered on Sipo-SD, main organization of German police in charge of the repression of the Resistance. The common idea of a "Gestapo", an unique German organization in charge of the repression of the Resistance, turns out in reality very basic. One of the questions power plants is to know how the Gestapo joins in the office of Sipo-SD of Marseille. We shall pay quite particularly the attention on the place of the Wehrmacht within this device, the role played by Abwehr, Feldgendarmerie. The analysis of the 8th company of the division Brandenburg and of the Geheim Feld Polizei (GFP) will give a new perspective on the repressive device. The examination of the Kommando squad of the section VI of the general consulate of Germany or Sonderkommando AS will contribute to a finer knowledge of the actors of the plan. We cannot deal with the repression of the resistance without wondering about the place of the Milice, the main repressive strength of the regime of Vichy in this device. We shall continue by the study of the staff of the KDS of Marseille. But the French auxiliaries of the Sipo-SD were never the object of a rigorous study, what we shall try to make for Marseille. Finally, we shall end by emphasizing the big operations led by the KDS against the Resistance from Marseille and regional during the paroxystic period of the repression of the summer, 1944. The operation Mercenary, the affairs Catilina and Antoine shall allow to analyze how works the German repression for the period which precedes the liberation and where it reaches its highest level of violence
Heyde, Veronika. "De l’esprit de la résistance jusqu’à l’idée de l’Europe : projets européens et américains pour l’Europe de l’après-guerre : 1940-1950." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040055.
Full textDuring World War II some of the European Resistance movements are thinking about the future of Europe after the end of the hostilities. Tired of fratricidal wars, they hope that some day the peoples of Europe will be able to unite and live together in solidarity and peace. In 1943-44 some leaders of the European Resistance meet in Switzerland, discover the similarities of their programs and decide to work together in order to draft a manifesto for the unification of Europe after the victory over Germany and the end of the war. They also try to obtain the support of the representative of the American secret service in Switzerland, Allen Dulles, but the attempt fails. The American government wishes to win the war first and not to lose time by analysing the idealistic programs of the European resistance. Nevertheless, the American administration is examining several solutions for the reconstruction of Europe and does not exclude the idea of a united Europe. Only the method is different and the very first concern is to create a world that corresponds to the American interests. Even if some officials and study groups recommend the creation of a European federation, the State Department doesn’t favour this solution. It prefers the idea of Europe divided up into several regional blocs and controlled by the future world organization. The American support for the unification of the European continent starts rather slowly after the end of the war when it becomes obvious that Europe can be useful as a commercial partner for the United States and bloc against the expansion of communism