Academic literature on the topic 'Movement in a terrain'
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Journal articles on the topic "Movement in a terrain"
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Žák, Marek, Jaroslav Rozman, and František V. Zbořil. "Design and Control of 7-DOF Omni-directional Hexapod Robot." Open Computer Science 11, no. 1 (2020): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/comp-2020-0189.
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AbstractLegged robots have great potential to travel across various types of terrain. Their many degrees of freedom enable them to navigate through difficult terrains, narrow spaces or various obstacles and they can move even after losing a leg. However, legged robots mostly move quite slowly. This paper deals with the design and construction of an omni-directional seven degrees of freedom hexapod (i.e., six-legged) robot, which is equipped with omnidirectional wheels (two degrees of freedom are used, one for turning the wheel and one for the wheel itself) usable on flat terrain to increase travel speed and an additional coxa joint that makes the robot more robust when climbing inclined terrains. This unique combination of omnidirectional wheels and additional coxa joint makes the robot not only much faster but also more robust in rough terrains and allows the robot to ride inclined terrains up to 40 degrees and remain statically stable in slopes up to 50 degrees. The robot is controlled by a terrain adaptive movement controller which adjusts the movement speed and the gait of the robot according to terrain conditions.
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Romaniuk, Leonid, Ihor Chykhira, Vitalii Kartashov, and Ihor Dombrovskyi. "UAV movement planning in mountainous terrain." Scientific journal of the Ternopil national technical university 110, no. 2 (2023): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/visnyk_tntu2023.02.015.
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The principles of planning of unmanned aerial vehicle movement in mountainous terrain are described in this paper. It is emphasized that the movement of the aerial vehicle takes place along the trajectory on a certain trajectory movement model, where unmanned aerial vehicle is represented as material point, the mass of which is concentrated in the center of mass. A discrete model in the linear state space that approximates the dynamics of an unmanned aerial vehicle is proposed. The general spatial movement of unmanned aerial vehicle is divided into longitudinal and lateral movement, and the longitudinal movement is considered independently of the lateral movement, taking into account the characteristics of the flight of unmanned aerial vehicle in mountainous terrain. The selection of the polygon from a certain set of irregularities in relation to the speed limit, acceleration limit and change in acceleration of unmanned aerial vehicle in the conditions of movement in mountainous terrain is graphically presented. It is emphasized that since the corresponding heights for any point on the curved surface of the relief are unknown, in order to obtain them, it is necessary to use the interpolation of the vertices of the corresponding triangle. It is noted that while choosing certain values of the coefficients, it is possible to describe the surface of the terrain using triangles, taking into account the combinations of coordinates of each known peak, and using the combinations of undefined coefficients as variable solutions, it is possible to describe the restrictions on the bending of the mountainous terrain. It is emphasized that during trajectory movement, the unmanned aerial vehicle is presented as material point, and in a real flight over mountainous terrain, its characteristic dimensions must be taken into account in order to avoid the obstacle successfully. It is proposed to increase the dimensions by a certain amount in each direction for effective obstacle avoidance of the unmanned aerial vehicle in mountainous terrain.
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Zhou, Fangrong, Xiaowei Huai, Pengcheng Yan, et al. "Research on the Identification of Typical Terrain Patterns in Yunnan Province Based on the K-Means Technology." Atmosphere 15, no. 3 (2024): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos15030244.
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Wire icing is a prevalent challenge in both industrial and scientific domains, and it is widely acknowledged that terrain and water vapor are significant contributing factors in the formation of wire icing. Consequently, the identification of terrains that are prone to inducing water vapor uplift serves as the scientific foundation for predicting ice accumulation on power lines. Yunnan Province, a mountainous province in China, features a large elevation difference. In winter, this region is prone to wire, pole and tower icing, which can affect power transmission and cause economic and property losses. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the identification of typical terrain patterns in this region. In previous terrain studies, more attention has been focused on slope and aspect, watershed analysis and terrain profile analysis. When the purpose of the terrain identification is to analyze which terrains are more prone to collecting water vapor, we hope to obtain slightly larger terrain blocks and analyze the water vapor sources for different terrains in order to identify typical terrains that are conducive to icing formation. A new technology for identifying terrain patterns based on the K-means clustering method is proposed in this study to explore the typical terrain in Yunnan province. Additionally, the influences of different terrain patterns on water vapor movement are also analyzed. The results indicate that the typical terrains in Yunnan are “Valley-Air Channel”, “Topographic Uplifting”, “Ravine”, “Mountain Pass” and “Alpine Divide” patterns. The results show that the identified typical terrain is consistent with observations from satellite images, which verifies the effectiveness of this identification method. Among these five typical terrains, the “Valley-Air Channel”, the “Topographic Uplifting” and the “Mountain Pass” terrains are prone to collecting water vapor and forming ice cover. The “Alpine Divide” terrain is also prone to accumulating water vapor on both sides to form ice cover. The identified typical terrain demonstrates that typical terrain patterns near water bodies are more prone to the occurrence of wire, pole and tower icing because these areas are abundant in water vapor, and the extensive water vapor is easily condensed under the effects of terrain uplifting and cooling. In these key areas, existing wires and towers, as well as those to be constructed in the future, deserve our special attention.
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Routledge, Paul. "Backstreets, Barricades, and Blackouts: Urban Terrains of Resistance in Nepal." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 12, no. 5 (1994): 559–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d120559.
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In this paper I apply aspects of sociospatial theory to the revolutionary context of urban Nepal during the democratic uprisings of 1990. The urban spaces of Kathmandu and Patan were two of the most important sites within which power was contested, and terrains upon which space itself was contested. As I will show, the location of struggle emerged from conscious movement choices (as to tactics, efficacy of mobilization, etc) and influenced the character of collective action. An analysis of the spatial mediation of social movement agency provides us with what 1 term the ‘terrain of resistance’—the specific geographical, historical, political, economic, ecological, and cultural context of movement agency. Such analysis can provide us with important insights into why movements occur where they do, the spatiocultural specificity of movement practice, and the language by which people articulate their discontent, understood through the ‘cultural expressions of resistance’.
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Voina, Ioan, Maricel Palamariu, Iohan Neuner, et al. "Digital Modeling Phenomenon Of Surface Ground Movement." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture 73, no. 2 (2016): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:12363.
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With the development of specialized software applications it was possible to approach and resolve complex problems concerning automating and process optimization for which are being used field data. Computerized representation of the shape and dimensions of the Earth requires a detailed mathematical modeling, known as "digital terrain model". The paper aims to present the digital terrain model of Vulcan mining, Hunedoara County, Romania. Modeling consists of a set of mathematical equations that define in detail the surface of Earth and has an approximate surface rigorously and mathematical, that calculated the land area. Therefore, the digital terrain model means a digital representation of the earth's surface through a mathematical model that approximates the land surface modeling, which can be used in various civil and industrial applications in. To achieve the digital terrain model of data recorded using linear and nonlinear interpolation method based on point survey which highlights the natural surface studied. Given the complexity of this work it is absolutely necessary to know in detail of all topographic elements of work area, without the actions to be undertaken to project and manipulate would not be possible. To achieve digital terrain model, within a specialized software were set appropriate parameters required to achieve this case study. After performing all steps we obtained digital terrain model of Vulcan Mine. Digital terrain model is the complex product, which has characteristics that are equivalent to the specialists that use satellite images and information stored in a digital model, this is easier to use.
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Chen, Liuhongxu, Ping Du, Pengfei Zhan, and Bo Xie. "Gait Learning for Hexapod Robot Facing Rough Terrain Based on Dueling-DQN Algorithm." International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology 2, no. 1 (2024): 408–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/ijcsit.v2n1.44.
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In the handling of dangerous goods in explosive environments, robots are increasingly being used instead of human operators. Robots designed for operation in explosive environments are mostly equipped with tracked structures, which, due to their limited terrain adaptability, struggle to movement rugged landscapes. Hexapod robots, with their excellent maneuverability and adaptability, possess advantages in completing hazardous material handling tasks in such rugged terrains. One current challenge lies in enabling hexapod robots to autonomously adjust their gaits to cope with rugged terrain. This paper proposes a gait learning method based on the Dueling Deep Q-Network (Dueling-DQN) algorithm to address the gait adjustment problem of hexapod robots in sloped, terraced, and rugged terrain. The method combines lidar data and reinforcement learning to extract features from the lidar data to determine terrain types and foot coordinates. Finally, the Dueling-DQN algorithm and redundant phase strategy are employed to facilitate the motion of hexapod robots in these three types of rugged terrain. Simulation and prototype experiments are conducted to evaluate the Dueling-DQN algorithm's performance in terms of rewards and stability margins for the three types of terrain. During algorithm training on sloped, terraced, and rugged terrain, stable rewards and positive stability margins are achieved after approximately 490 iterations. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are further validated through Gazebo simulation and prototype experiments. In the context of movement in rugged terrain within explosive environments, the gait learning method based on the Dueling-DQN algorithm offers valuable insights into the control of hexapod robots.
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Li, Xu, Songyuan Zhang, Haitao Zhou, Haibo Feng, and Yili Fu. "Locomotion Adaption for Hydraulic Humanoid Wheel-Legged Robots Over Rough Terrains." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 18, no. 01 (2021): 2150001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843621500018.
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Compared with the traditional hydraulic humanoid robots, the WLR-II, a novel hydraulic wheel-legged robot developed by using hose-less design, can significantly increase the reliability and maneuverability. The WLR-II combines the rough-terrain capability of legs with the efficiency of wheels. In this paper, a novel framework called rough-terrain adaption framework (RTAF) is presented which allows WLR-II to move on both flat terrains and terrains with unmodeled contact dynamics. RTAF is a hierarchical framework, which has a high-level balance controller and a low-level impedance controller that a high-performance nested torque controller with feed-forward velocity compensation is used. The low-level impedance controller for the hydraulic-driven unit can cancel out the load dynamics influence such as unexpected terrain disturbances and increase the force-tracking performance. With the high-level balance controller, the robot is able to handle unexpected terrain disturbances through wheel-ground force estimation, pitch/roll balance control and impedance parameter regulator. The proposed approach is suitable for a wheel-legged humanoid robot to manage balance through torque control at joints and regulate force-based interaction on rough terrains. The performance of the proposed RTAF is evaluated on variable gradient slopes and grassland which are the typical rough-terrain scenarios for real-world applications. The experimental results reveal that the maximum speed of grassland movement can reach 3 km/h.
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Liu, Yubin, Chunbo Wang, He Zhang, and Jie Zhao. "Research on the Posture Control Method of Hexapod Robot for Rugged Terrain." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (2020): 6725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196725.
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This paper proposes a hexapod robot posture control method for rugged terrain to solve the problem of difficulty in realizing the posture control of a foot robot in rough terrain. The walking gait and original position of a six-legged robot is planned, and the Layer Identification of Tracking (LIT) strategy is developed to enable the robot to distinguish mild rugged terrain and severe rugged terrains automatically. The virtual suspension dynamic model is established. In mild rugged terrain, the posture maintenance strategy is adopted to keep the stability of the torso. In severe rugged terrain, the posture adjustment strategy is adopted to ensure the leg workspace and make it more widely adapt to the changing terrain, and a gravity center position adjustment method based on foot force distribution is designed to use foot force as feedback to control the position and attitude. The experiment of posture control in rough terrain and climbing experiment in the ladder terrain shows that the hexapod robot has good posture maintenance and posture adjustment effects when traversing complex terrain through the posture maintenance strategy and the posture adjustment strategy. Combined with the terrain identification method based on LIT, the hexapod robot can successfully climb the ladder terrain through the identification of the changing ladder terrain, and the movement of the posture adjustment process is stable.
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Rudakov, Konstantin Vladimirovich, Liubov Nikolaevna Sanduleanu, Aleksandra Alekseevna Tokmakova, Ilya Sergeevich Yamschikov, Ivan Aleksandrovich Reyer, and Vadim Viktorovich Strjov. "Terrain objects movement detection using SAR interferometry." Computer Research and Modeling 7, no. 5 (2015): 1047–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20537/2076-7633-2015-7-5-1047-1060.
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DOI, Takahiro, and Nobuto KAIDO. "Uneven Terrain Movement Mechanism using Reciprocating Spikes." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2017 (2017): 2A1—C08. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2017.2a1-c08.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Movement in a terrain"
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Cesur, Fatih. "Optimizing formation movement over heteregeneous terrain." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Jun%5FCesur.pdf.
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Buckland, Kenneth M. "A movement planning heuristic package for quadruped ambulation over rough terrain." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27827.
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Legged walking machines offer a number of advantages over conventional wheeled or tracked vehicles. They can reach terrain that is inaccessible to conventional vehicles, and they leave fewer traces of their crossing behind on terrain that has not been prepared for transportation. This thesis details the development of a heuristic package that can be used to determine the movement plan of a longitudinally oriented quadruped walking vehicle ambulating over rough terrain. An investigation of walking machine research to date revealed that such work had not been done for quadrupeds that adjust their attitude to follow the terrain. This terrain following strategy was employed in the development of these heuristics because it provides superior movement capabilities on sloped terrain. The heuristics were tested extensively on a variety of simulated terrain conditions. These conditions consisted of different combinations of underlying terrain attitudes and terrain roughness levels. The heuristics performed well during the simulations, and the simulated machine responded as the theoretical analysis had indicated.
During the course of this work, a number of new ideas related to quadruped ambulation were developed. These included how to generate the overall movement plan of a quadruped walking machine, how foothold locations can be guided to best facilitate smooth machine turning, how the speed of a walking machine can be maintained at consistent levels, and how to prevent any possibility of leg collisions. In addition, in-depth analyses were made on how stride length affects quadruped machine speed, what conditions force such machines to halt their forward movement, and how a practical machine should be designed.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of<br>Graduate
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Slifer, Dennis. "Evaluation of spontaneous potential for monitoring groundwater movement in karst terrain." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101321.
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Spontaneous potential (SP) is a geophysical method that measures naturally occurring voltage in the earth. Negative anomalies arise from electrokinetic, or streaming potential, effects resulting from the flow of groundwater. In this study SP was monitored at sites in karst terrain in Virginia. The results were evaluated for effectiveness in detecting groundwater flow paths and rates. The ability of SP to distinguish between diffuse flow and conduit flow was examined. Soil temperature, soil moisture, and precipitation are major variables influencing SP data. An automated data collection system was devised and used for long term monitoring of SP changes and environmental variables and for measuring SP changes induced by artificial recharge of water into a sinkhole. Results were evaluated by comparison with geological observations, electrical resistivity, stream flow measurements, and speleological surveys. SP can effectively locate and track shallow groundwater flow paths in karst terrain. A relationship was observed between SP and changes in flow rate where the flow was through porous material, but SP could not be directly related to flow through solutional conduits. However, conduits may be indicated by SP anomalies where soil moisture is drawn into fractures that supply water to conduits. The influence of geologic structure must be considered in, interpreting SP results in karst. Refinement of the SP technique is promising for applications to environmental and geotechnical problems.<br>M.S.
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Gordon, Joanne Clare. "The influence of sensory information and terrain context : the neuromuscular control of bipedal locomotion in ground birds." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669192.
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Leonard, Marie des Neiges. "Resisting globalization- ATTAC in France: local discourses, global terrain." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4980.
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The debate over the "globalization" process has been influenced by the emergence of social movements who deplore this process. This research focuses on the French social movement ATTAC (Action for a Tobin Tax for the Aid of Citizens), that criticizes the problematic effects of globalization and of the new European constitutional order. This study contends that anti-globalization movements, such as ATTAC, are not only resisting what is perceived as an unjust economic system (neo-liberal globalization), but also what they perceive as cultural uniformization, or a threat to cultural identity and cultural diversity. I substantiate this claim by studying the membership of ATTAC: through qualitative research, including interviews and observations, I show the multiplicity of discourses in which members address the anti-globalization issue. This study will contribute to the research on transnational social movements, as it demonstrates the prevalence of culture and identity concerns over globalization, something that has been overlooked by previous studies of anti-globalization movements.
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Langdon, Jonathan. "Democracy and social movement learning in Ghana: reflections on 15 years of learning in the democratic terrain by Ghanaian activist-educators." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86816.
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Ghana's democracy is a widely-known African good news story. What is not known about this story is how this democracy's dynamism is fundamentally grounded on ongoing social movement activism that is constantly pressurizing the largely elite democratic institutions to better respond to the everyday needs of average Ghanaians. Critical to this pressurization is not only activism around domestic policies, but also a wide-spread ongoing questioning of the forces of transnational neoliberal governmentality that discipline, contain, and subvert the potential of African states to place the needs of their populace in-front of the needs of transnational capital. This is the alternative story of Ghana's democracy told by this study, where Ghanaian activist-educators embedded in the country's various contemporary social movements have come together in a participatory research endeavour to critically analyze Ghana's current democratic terrain. Key to this analysis is the connection between Ghana's social movement activism, and learning within these movements, to this reconstituted story of Ghana's democracy. According to our participatory research group, it is the intersection of the ways movements learn and communicate with the ways these movements stay rooted in the needs of their wider membership that concomitantly determines their impact on the range of democratic possibility. Instrumental to this intersection, according to this study, are the informal processes through which movement members learn in, through, and to struggle. It is from our mutually-constituted understanding of these processes that our participatory research is now leading to action.<br>La démocratie du Ghana constitue une bonne nouvelle africaine. Ce qu'on ne sait pas au sujet de cette nouvelle, c'est la façon dont le dynamisme de la démocratie est fondamentalement basé sur l'activisme continu des mouvements sociaux qui exercent une pression constante sur les grandes institutions démocratiques d'élite afin qu'elles répondent mieux aux besoins quotidiens des Ghanéens. En plus de l'activisme relatif aux politiques intérieures, le questionnement constant et répandu des forces de la gouvernementalité néolibérale transnationale qui contrôlent, limitent et minent le potentiel des États africains à placer les besoins de leur population avant les besoins de la capitale transnationale, s'avère essentiel à cette pression.<br>Voici l'autre version de la démocratie du Ghana racontée par la présente étude, au cours de laquelle des éducateurs activistes ghanéens participant à divers mouvements sociaux contemporains du pays se sont réunis dans le cadre d'une initiative de recherche participative visant à faire une analyse critique du terrain démocratique actuel du Ghana. Le lien entre l'activisme des mouvements sociaux du Ghana, l'apprentissage au sein de ces mouvements, et cette histoire reconstituée de la démocratie du Ghana s'avèrent essentiel à l'analyse. Selon notre groupe de recherche participative, le croisement des façons dont les mouvements apprennent et communiquent et des façons dont ces mouvements restent ancrés dans les besoins de leurs membres, détermine en même temps leur incidence sur l'éventail de possibilités au plan démocratique. Selon la présente étude, les processus informels par l'entremise desquels les membres des mouvements apprennent et luttent sont essentiels à ce croisement. Grâce à notre compréhension mutuelle de ces processus, notre recherche participative nous permet maintenant d'agir.
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J'alics, Laci. "Trajectory planning for terrain adaptive locomotion and rhythmic movements of a neuromuscular biped /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487941504296459.
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Rosa, Miriam Lobato da. "Airport ground movement scheduling." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17052.
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Mestrado em Matemática e Aplicações<br>O tráfego aéreo no mundo está em crescimento e para a maioria dos
aeroportos não e uma opção expandir os terminais ou as pistas, fazendo
com que estes tentem maximizar a eficiência operacional. Muitos aeroportos
estão a operar perto da sua capacidade m áxima. Horas de ponta
implicam engarrafamentos e causam simultâneos atrasos ao longo de
toda a cadeia de operações com consequências para passageiros, companhias
aéreas e aeroportos. Por estes motivos há uma necessidade de
otimização dos movimentos no solo que ocorrem nos aeroportos.
Existem três grandes problemas no que diz respeito as operações dos
aeroportos: o sequenciamento das partidas e chegadas; a gestão das
operações que precedem a "luz verde" para que o avião possa sair do
stand; e os movimentos no solo entre o stand e a pista (e o oposto).
O âmbito deste trabalho enquadra-se nos movimentos no solo que interagem
com os dois outros problemas de sequenciamento mencionados
e fornece decisões em tempo real.
O problema dos movimentos terrestres consiste em estabelecer o roteamento
dos aviões desde o stand até a pista para levantarem voo, ou
no caminho inverso, e sequenciar os seus movimentos.
A nossa abordagem consiste numa otimização rápida que considera
um conjunto de aviões a moverem-se de, e para, a pista, e uma rede
condicionada pela planta do aeroporto. Considera, ainda, restrições
tais como: de rota; separações entre aviões devido ao jet blast; velocidade
de cada avião; de tempo para chegadas e partidas, num ambiente
em constante mudança.
O objetivo e minimizar o consumo de combustível enquanto os aviões estão no solo (da perspetiva das companhias aéreas) e minimizar o
tempo despendido em cada slot de janela temporal na ocupação do
espaço terrestre do aeroporto, garantindo todas as regras de segurança.
Também os passageiros e o ambiente beneficiam de um conjunto de
movimentações em terra otimizadas.
A otimização proposta fornece uma solução heuristica rápida para cada
evento em tempo real respeitando todas as regras estabelecidas no Ad-
vanced Surface Movement, Guidance and Control Systems (A-SMGCS)
da Organização Internacional de Aviação Civil (ICAO).<br>Worldwide air tra c tends to increase and for many airports it's no
longer an option to expand terminals and runways, so airports are trying
to maximize their operational e ciency. Many airports already
operate near their maximum capacity. Peak hours imply operational
bottlenecks and cause chained delays across
ights impacting passenger,
airlines and airports. Therefore there is a need for the optimization
of the ground movements at the airports.
There are three major problems concerning airport operations: the departures
and arrivals sequencing on the runways; the sta management
operations preceding the green light for aircraft to leave the gate; and
the ground movement between the gate and the runway (and reverse).
The scope of this work is the ground movement problem that interacts
with the other two scheduling problems mentioned and provides decisions
in real-time.
The ground movement problem consists of routing the planes from the
gate to the runway for takeo or on reverse path, and to schedule their
movements.
Our approach proposes a fast optimization system that considers a set
of planes moving to and from a set of runways along a given road network
conditioned by the airport ground layout. It considers constraints
such as the route constraints, separation between aircrafts due to jet
blast, aircraft movement speeds, timing constraints for arrivals and departures
in a constantly changing environment.
The objective is to minimize fuel consumptions on the ground (from the
airline perspective) and to minimize the time spent on the time window
slot for occupying the airport ground (from the airports perspective)
while granting all safety regulations at all times. Also passengers and
the environment bene t from an optimized ground movement.
The optimization approach proposed provides a fast heuristic solution
for each real-time event generated respecting all the rules established
by Advanced Surface Movement, Guidance and Control Systems (ASMGCS)
of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
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Cointe, Mélina. "Du laboratoire au terrain, du mouvement à la dispersion : étude de la propagation des parasitoïdes du genre Trichogramma à différentes échelles spatiales et temporelles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COAZ6026.
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La dispersion revêt une importance capitale en écologie, déterminant non seulement la fitness des individus, mais aussi la génétique et la dynamique des populations, et la répartition des espèces. Elle est également reconnue comme un élément clé de la qualité des auxiliaires de biocontrôle. Pourtant, elle reste difficile à mesurer, notamment parce que les auxiliaires utilisés sont souvent de très petite taille. C'est notamment le cas de l'un des plus utilisés dans le monde, le trichogramme : une micro-guêpe parasitoïde mesurant moins de 0,5 mm, qui est mon organisme d'étude. Classiquement, la dispersion des auxiliaires est étudiée à l'aide de lâchers sur le terrain, mais ces derniers sont chronophages, coûteux, et les résultats sont très variables. Elle peut également être évaluée à l'aide d'expériences à petite échelle. Toutefois, ces dernières négligent d'importants processus à plus grande échelle, tels que les dynamiques de groupe. Par conséquent, l'évaluation correcte des paramètres de dispersion est souvent problématique et insuffisante dans les programmes de sélection pour le biocontrôle. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, j'ai étudié le mouvement et la dispersion de 17 souches de Trichogramma cacoeciae, espèce asexuée, à trois échelles spatio-temporelles. Mon travail a eu pour premier objectif la qualification et la quantification de proxys liés à la dispersion de ces souches à ces trois échelles. Le deuxième objectif de ma thèse a été d'évaluer s'il existait des corrélations entre les proxys évalués aux différentes échelles, dans le but de déterminer s'il est possible d'utiliser des mesures relatives à la propagation spatiale des individus au laboratoire pour approcher la dispersion exprimée sur le terrain. Afin de satisfaire à ces deux objectifs, j'ai tout d'abord, à partir d'expériences dans de petites arènes expérimentales d'une dizaine de centimètres, déterminé la vitesse moyenne des individus, leur taux d'activité et la sinuosité de leurs trajectoires sur quelques minutes. Dans des arènes en double spirale offrant un chemin de plusieurs mètres, j'ai obtenu une mesure directe du taux de dispersion spatiale (déplacements quadratiques moyens et coefficients de diffusion) des différentes souches de Trichogrammes sur plusieurs heures. Enfin, j'ai mesuré la dispersion à l'aide d'œufs sentinelles dans des conditions de terrain en effectuant des lâchers de Trichogrammes dans des rangées de poivrons cultivés en serres. Les expériences menées dans les petites arènes m'ont permis de mettre en évidence une variabilité intraspécifique exprimée sur les proxys calculés et leur variabilité selon des paramètres abiotiques comme la période de la journée ou la température. J'ai ensuite déterminé, avec l'arène en double spirale, l'existence de quatre profils de dispersion se distinguant suivant des phases d'accélération ou de ralentissement au cours de la journée. Les lâchers en serres m'ont permis d'identifier d'intéressantes corrélations entre dispersion et parasitisme à différentes hauteurs. Un objectif parallèle constituant l'ouverture de mon manuscrit, a été l'étude de traits d'histoire de vie classiquement utilisés pour la sélection des agents de biocontrôle, la fécondité et la longévité, et de discuter leur lien avec la dispersion. J'ai pour cela mesuré la longévité et la fécondité de chacune des 17 souches étudiées. Ces expériences montrent une influence positive de la présence d'œufs hôtes sur la longévité des femelles trichogrammes. Dans ce cadre expérimental, aucun trade-off n'est mis en avant entre longévité et fécondité. A l'aide des variables mesurées aux trois échelles étudiées, j'ai pu étudier la question du transfert d'échelle. J'en conclus qu'il est difficile d'établir des corrélations claires entre les échelles. J'en discute les raisons ainsi que les implications dans le domaine du biocontrôle. Le compromis avec la dispersion est abordé sous la forme d'une discussion<br>Dispersal is of paramount importance in ecology, determining not only the fitness of individuals, but also the genetics and dynamics of populations, and the distribution of species. It is also recognized as a key factor in the quality of biocontrol agents. However, it remains difficult to measure, particularly when the insects used are very small. This is particularly true for one of the most used worldwide, the Trichogramma: a parasitoid micro-wasp measuring less than 0.5 mm, which I used as a study organism. Classically, dispersal of natural enemies is studied using field releases. But these are time-consuming and costly, and the results are highly variable. Dispersal can also be assessed using small-scale experiments. However, these neglect important larger-scale processes, such as group dynamics. As a result, the correct assessment of dispersal parameters is often complicated and insufficient in breeding programs for biocontrol. In my thesis, I studied the movement and dispersal of 17 strains of Trichogramma cacoeciae, an asexual species, at three spatio-temporal scales. The first objective of my work was to qualify and quantify proxies linked to the dispersal of these strains at these three scales. The second objective of my thesis was to assess whether correlations existed between the proxies evaluated at the different scales, with the aim of determining whether it is possible to use measures relating to the spatial spread of individuals in the laboratory to approximate the dispersal expressed in the field. In order to meet these two objectives, I first used experiments in small experimental arenas of around ten centimetres to determine the average speed of individuals, their activity rate and the sinuosity of their trajectories over a few minutes. In double-spiral arenas offering a path of several meters, I obtained a direct measurement of the rate of spatial dispersal (Mean Squared Displacement and diffusion coefficients) of different Trichogramma strains over several hours. Finally, I measured dispersal using sentinel eggs under field conditions by releasing Trichogramma individuals in rows of greenhouse-grown bell peppers. Experiments carried out in small arenas enabled me to highlight intraspecific variability expressed on calculated proxies and their variability according to abiotic parameters such as time of day or temperature. Using the double-spiral arenas, I then determined the existence of four dispersal profiles, distinguished by phases of acceleration or deceleration during the day. Greenhouse releases enabled me to identify interesting correlations between dispersal and parasitism at different heights. A parallel objective, constituting the opening of my manuscript, was to study life-history traits classically used for the selection of biocontrol agents, fecundity and longevity, and to discuss their link with dispersal. To this end, I measured the longevity and fecundity of each of the 17 strains studied. These experiments show a positive influence of the presence of host eggs on the longevity of female Trichogramma. In this experimental setting, no trade-off between longevity and fecundity was observed. Using the variables measured at the three scales studied, I was able to investigate the question of scale transfer. I conclude that it is difficult to establish clear correlations between the scales. I discuss the reasons for this, as well as the implications for biocontrol. The trade-off with dispersal is addressed in the form of a discussion
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Robineau, Colin. "La politisation en terrain militant « radical » : ethnographie d’un squat d’activités de l’Est Parisien." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020055.
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Basée sur une observation participante de deux ans au sein de La Kuizine, un squat d’activités de l’est parisien ouvert par des militants marxistes et/ou anarchistes, la thèse se présente comme une contribution à l’étude du renouveau des entreprises critiques et des pratiques contestataires et apporte une pierre empirique de plus à la connaissance des espaces publics d’aujourd’hui. Accordant une large place au matériau ethnographique, la recherche s’inscrit dans une perspective empruntant à la fois à la tradition interactionniste de la troisième Ecole de Chicago et à la sociologie bourdieusienne afin d’éclairer les mécanismes de domination (re)produits au sein de La Kuizine et les « possibles latéraux » qui y sont expérimentés. En effet, le collectif militant à l’origine de l’initiative avait pour objectif d’en faire un lieu de « solidarité de classe » en y organisant divers ateliers (en particulier des repas à prix libre) à destination des travailleurs et habitants du quartier et en privilégiant l’autogestion comme modus operandi de la décision collective. L’analyse de cet espace – indissociablement physique, social et communicationnel – se situe donc au carrefour de plusieurs disciplines : la science politique, la sociologie, l’anthropologie et les sciences de l’information et de la communication. Ce faisant, la thèse interroge de manière transversale des objets variés : la fabrique sociale de l’engagement radical, le rapport aux champs politique et médiatique d’un micro-espace contestataire, les processus de socialisation politique ainsi que les conditions de possibilité de la critique ordinaire de l’ordre social<br>This doctorate thesis is based on a two-year-long participant observation within “La Kuizine”, a social center squat in East Paris that was opened by Marxist and/or Anarchist activists. This piece presents itself as a contribution to the study of the renewal of critical enterprises and protest practices and offers empirical work that can aid in the understanding of public spaces today. A large portion is dedicated to ethnographic material in this thesis – the work here adopts a perspective that borrows both from the interactionist tradition of the third school of Chicago and from the sociology of Pierre Bourdieu in order to reveal the mechanisms of domination (re)produced within “La Kuizine” and the forms of “lateral possible” that are experimented within this space. Indeed, the activist group responsible for founding this squat had as its main goal to make it a space of “class solidarity” by organizing various workshops (including a sliding scale donation daily meal) for workers and inhabitant of the neighborhood. The modus operandi of the space is self-management and collective decision making. The social and communicational analysis of this space is at the crossroads between several fields of research: political science, sociology, anthropology and communication studies. Thus, this doctorate thesis studies various objects in a cross-disciplinary manner: the social construction of radical commitment, the relations to the political and media fields of a micro-protest-space, the processes of political socialization as well as the conditions for the possibility of a critique of the social order
Books on the topic "Movement in a terrain"
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Barry, John Willard. Off-site movement of Bacillus thuringiensis spray applied to complex forested terrain. USDA Forest Service, Forest Pest Management, 1991.
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Barry, John Willard. Off-site movement of Bacillus thuringiensis spray applied to complex forested terrain: 1992 phase. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Pest Management, 1992.
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Flageollet, Jean Claude. Les mouvements de terrain et leur prévention. Masson, 1989.
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Cato, Sophie. Inventaire des documents concernant les ravinements et les mouvements de terrain dans les Pyrénées Orientales. Les Amis du Centre de géographie physique Henri Elhaï, 1986.
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Cederlöf, Gunnel, and Willem van Schendel. Flows and Frictions in Trans-Himalayan Spaces. Amsterdam University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463724371.
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Flows and Frictions in Trans-Himalayan Spaces traces movements and connections in a region known for its formidable obstacles to mobility. Eight original essays and a conceptual introduction engage with questions of networks and interconnection between people across a bordered landscape. Mobility among the extremely varied ecologies of south-western China, Myanmar and north-eastern India, with their rugged terrain, high mountains, monsoon-fed rivers and marshy lowlands, is certainly subject to friction. But today, harsh political realities have created hard borders and fractured this trans-Himalayan terrain. However, the closely researched chapters in this book demonstrate that these borders have not prevented an abundance of movements, connections and flows. Mobility has always coexisted with friction here, but this coexistence has been unsettled, giving this space its historical shape and its contemporary dynamism. Introducing the concept of the ‘corridor’ as an analytical framework, this collection investigates mobility and flows in this unique socio-political landscape.
Book chapters on the topic "Movement in a terrain"
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Yu, Ping, and Songjiang Wang. "Terrain Visualization Based on Viewpoint Movement." In Intelligent Computing Theories and Application. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63312-1_71.
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Snow, David A., Sarah A. Soule, and Hanspeter Kriesi. "Mapping the Terrain." In The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470999103.ch1.
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Fullagar, Simone. "Re-turning to embodied matters and movement." In Navigating the Postqualitative, New Materialist and Critical Posthumanist Terrain Across Disciplines. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003041177-7.
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Kristalova, Dana. "An Effect of Sandy Soils on the Movement in the Terrain." In Modelling and Simulation for Autonomous Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13823-7_23.
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Baumann, Hanna. "Moving from the margins: Palestinian mobilities, embodiment, and agency in East Jerusalem." In Embodying Peripheries. Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-661-2.07.
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In Jerusalem, intra-urban boundaries are experienced and negotiated in deeply embodied ways, and primarily encountered, undermined, and reinforced through mobility. Palestinians’ movements are regularly restricted in areas at the geographical periphery of Jerusalem—especially those neighborhoods that have been severed from the rest of the city by the Israeli separation barrier. In expending significant energy to navigate the rules and spaces of the mobility regime, Palestinians must think of their movements from the perspective of Israeli power. This conceptual displacement of the self results in a sense of alienation, both from the spaces they cannot access and from their own capacities. Many feel stuck in both space and time and cannot envision a future for themselves in their city. Conversely, movement in spite of restrictions can also expand residents’ appreciation of their own capacity. Leisure mobilities in particular bear a radical potential because they involve the enjoyment of movement through space, rather than being merely a means to an end. As Palestinians in the city assert their claim through embodied movement, they re-appropriate hostile space with light-hearted playfulness. Mobility thus emerges as a useful vehicle for examining not only how Palestinians’ agency is constrained by the broader urban context but how their movements affect urban space: as they redraw the boundaries of spatial exclusion from the bottom up, they call into question who and what is considered peripheral to the city. The chapter traces the restriction of everyday movements, as well as the way marginalized residents navigate and defend contested urban terrain, using a phenomenological lens. By engaging Merleau-Ponty’s view of the relationship between the body-subject and the world, it argues that everyday movements shape the spatial and temporal horizon. The restriction of movement limits what is conceivable, but at the same time, the mobility of marginal urban residents in spite of those restrictions expands the sense of what is deemed possible.
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Arora, M. K., A. K. Saha, P. Gupta, and R. P. Gupta. "LaSIRF: Landslide Safe Intelligent Route Finder for Mountainous Terrain in GIS Environment." In Terrigenous Mass Movements. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25495-6_11.
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Rybansky, Marian, and Martin Hubacek. "Measuring the Influence of Soils on the Movement of Terrain Vehicles in the Czech Republic." In Recent Research on Environmental Earth Sciences, Geomorphology, Soil Science and Paleoenvironments. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48754-5_39.
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Kostyukov, Vladimir, Igor Evdokimov, and Vladislav Gissov. "Construction of a Three-Dimensional UAV Movement Planner When the Latter Moves in Conditions of Difficult Terrain." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43111-1_29.
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Offler, Robin, and Adrian Williams. "Evidence for sinistral movement on the Peel Fault System in serpentinites, Glenrock Station, N.S.W." In Terrane Accretion and Orogenic Belts. American Geophysical Union, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gd019p0141.
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Nakata, Alessandra M., Kazuo Konagai, and Ryo Onishi. "Multiple Landslides in an Area Draped in Volcanic Matters: The Dual Impacts of Rains and Earthquakes." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 3 Issue 1, 2024. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55120-8_6.
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AbstractThe devastating 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake, with a moment magnitude (Mw) of 6.7, inflicted significant damage in the eastern part of Hokkaido, Japan, resulting in the tragic loss of 41 lives, with landslides accounting for 36 fatalities. The mountainous epicentral regions experienced a high number of landslides, primarily induced by the movement of tephra strati originating from eruptions associated with Shikotsu Caldera, Mt. Tarumae, and Mt. Eniwa. The combined intensity of the earthquake and the accumulation of rainfall played crucial roles in initiating these landslides. To gain comprehensive insights into the dynamics of this event, we utilized the Multi-Scale Simulator for the Geo-Environment (MSSG) to simulate the spatial and temporal patterns of rainfall from August 6 to September 5, 2018. Our simulation results were effectively validated against observed data from weather stations operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) in the epicentral area. Impressively, the simulation accurately captured the intricate variations in rainfall, taking into account the influence of the region's mountainous terrain. Notably, our findings revealed a noteworthy relationship: as the peak ground acceleration (PGA) increases, the required threshold of rainfall for triggering landslides decreases. This study enhances our understanding of the complexities surrounding landslide dynamics in earthquake-prone areas and contributes to improved disaster preparedness and mitigation efforts.
Conference papers on the topic "Movement in a terrain"
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Trofymchuk, Oleksandr, Vyacheslav Vishnyakov, Natalia Sheviakina, Viktoriia Klymenko, and Snizhana Zahorodnia. "GEOINFORMATION TERRAIN ANALYSIS FOR OPTIMIZING MILITARY EQUIPMENT ROUTES." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024v/3.2/s12.281.
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To enable effective operational decisions and combat mission execution on the battlefield during war, access to reliable, accurate, and timely data is essential. We propose utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze extensive datasets, as modern military operations rely on accurate spatial terrain mapping for command, control, communication, and coordination. This study introduces a terrain analysis approach tailored to military vehicle movement, focusing on assessing ground resilience to vehicle traffic and predicting terrain trafficability for optimal route planning. For this analysis, we calculated effective movement zones between designated points, factoring in landscape, terrain relief, and soil conditions. Movement routes were strategically planned, incorporating both potential obstacles and forecasted trafficability. GIS was employed to generate maps showing equipment reach within specific timeframes and to document optimized routes. This method provides a predictive assessment of soil trafficability, enabling precise route calculation for military vehicles across various operational settings within designated areas.
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Tandon, K. K. "Instrumented Internal Inspection of Cross-Country Pipelines - Practical Approach." In CORROSION 1991. NACE International, 1991. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1991-91369.
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Abstract Periodic online inspection of cross-country pipelines involves usage of specially designed and developed equipments which can be propelled with the pipeline fluid. The inspection equipment should be able to withstand the hostile environment inside the pipeline and yet gather useful information about its health and integrity. Conventional hydrotest with all its limitations presents serious logistic problems besides discontinuity in the products supply. The present article includes requirements of the inspection system, operating principle, a typical inspection system equipment, field inspection activities and likely field problems/precautions, limitations of the system and the probability method which can be applied to determine the inspection frequency. If there is anomaly in the pipe wall, the magnetic flux introduced into the pipe wall is forced out into the surroundings. This flux leakage is recorded on a magnetic tape. The amplitude of the recorded signal is proportional to the depth of the anomaly. All signals, however, do not necessarily represent pipeline defects. Field inspection activities can be broadly classified into three stages i.e. Pre-inspection, Inspection and Post-inspection activities. The inspection frequency for a pipeline system depends upon variables such as soil resistivity, pipeline terrain, age of the pipeline, standards/codes and during design and construction and safety and environmental conditions. The inspection frequency can be worked out based on priority numbers. The limitations of the system include the possibility of masking of the injurious defects, non-indication of uniform metal loss, dependency of signal response on the actual path of magnetic sensor with respect to the defect, no or poor indications about longitudinal welds seam and under surface or longitudinal defects. The likely practical problems during an actual inspection survey include launcher and receiver trap sizes, main line and non-return valves, continuous monitoring of the tool movement and placement of locator system.
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O’Neil, G. D., G. R. Simmonds, D. A. Grivas, and B. C. Schultz. "Rainfall-Ground Movement Modeling for Natural Gas Pipelines Through Landslide Terrain." In 1996 1st International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc1996-1945.
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Perhaps the greatest challenge to geotechnical engineers is to maintain the integrity of pipelines at river crossings where landslide terrain dominates the approach slopes. The current design process at NOVA Gas Transmission Ltd. (NGTL) has developed to the point where this impact can be reasonably estimated using in-house models of pipeline-soil interaction. To date, there has been no method to estimate ground movements within unexplored slopes at the outset of the design process. To address this problem, rainfall and slope instrumentation data have been processed to derive rainfall-ground movement relationships. Early results indicate that the ground movements exhibit two components: a steady, small rate of movement independent of the rainfall, and; increased rates over short periods of time following heavy amounts of rainfall. Evidence exists of a definite threshold value of rainfall which has to be exceeded before any incremental movement is induced. Additional evidence indicates a one-month lag between rainfall and ground movement. While these models are in the preliminary stage, results indicate a potential to estimate ground movements for both initial design and planned maintenance actions.
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Skłodowski, Piotr, and Witold Żorski. "Movement Tracking in Terrain Conditions Accelerated with CUDA." In 2014 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15439/2014f282.
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Lim, Bokman, Beobkyoon Kim, F. C. Park, and D. W. Hong. "Movement primitives for three-legged locomotion over uneven terrain." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robot.2009.5152693.
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Oswell, James M., and Gualberto Chiriboga. "Geotechnical Aspects of a Pipeline Rupture in Ecuador: Factors and Mitigation." In ASME 2013 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2013-1953.
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In February 2009 a pipeline rupture occurred along a sloped section of the Oleoducto de Crudos Pesados (OCP) Ecuador S.A. pipeline. The spill resulted in crude oil flowing down the hillside and into the Rio Santa Rosa. Post rupture investigations were initiated to identify the geotechnical factors that may have contributed to the incident and what mitigation may be necessary to ensure future pipeline integrity. The investigation consisted of several activities including detailed site reconnaissance by a geotechnical engineering team and installation of slope inclinometers to assess ground movements. The intent of the slope inclinometers was to determine the depth, areal extent and rate of ground movement, if any. The post rupture site reconnaissance identified a number of terrain features consistent with shallow ground movement mechanisms. The presence of hummocky terrain could be the result of ground movement or an artifact of the use of the slope as cattle pasture. Five slope inclinometers were installed to assess the slope movements within the project site. Four slope indicators were installed up-slope of the pipeline right-of-way to provide some lateral boundary to the ground movement area. The slope inclinometers showed that in the months following the pipeline rupture the terrain upslope of the pipeline right-of-way was moving at a relative constant rate of about 0.45 mm/day. As a result of the geotechnical investigations an integrity mitigation plan was developed. This included ongoing slope movement monitoring, regular site reconnaissance and placement of the pipeline above ground on “sleepers” to isolate the pipeline from the underlying creeping slope. To-date, these mitigations have been successful in reducing strain on the pipeline.
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Hubacek, Martin, Lucie Ceplova, Marie Brenova, Tomas Mikita, and Pavel Zerzan. "Analysis of vehicle movement possibilities in terrain covered by vegetation." In 2015 International Conference on Military Technologies (ICMT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/miltechs.2015.7153730.
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Igo, Naoki, Daichi Fujita, Ryusei Yamamoto, et al. "Extended Movement Unit Capable of Moving Rough Terrain for Pepper." In the 2018 International Conference. ACM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3194452.3194454.
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Wu, Dan, Xiaojun Xu, Chengliang Sun, and Yue Jiang. "Planning research on leg movement of a wheel terrain vehicle." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Mechatronics Technology (ICEEMT). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceemt52412.2021.9601860.
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Antol, Stanislaw, Kunjin Ryu, and Tomonari Furukawa. "A New Approach for Measuring Terrain Profiles." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13136.
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This paper presents a new approach for measuring terrain profiles. The proposed approach uses RGB-D sensors to measure terrain surface relative to the vehicle. Since the RGB-D sensor is an area scanner, a feature matching technique called the grid-based feature-to-map matching technique, developed by the authors, matches objects seen in consecutive images and constructs a terrain profile in a global coordinate system. The RGB-D sensor are mounted inside a box to shield natural light and provide consistent LED lighting. As it constructs a terrain profile by matching scanned data regardless of the vehicle movement, the proposed approach is not affected by the vehicle movement as much as conventional techniques and achieves high accuracy. Preliminary experimental work indicates that the proposed approach could measure terrain profiles in sub-centimeter accuracy of all dimensions. The potential applicability of the proposed approach to the maintenance and inspection of railroads has also been demonstrated.
Reports on the topic "Movement in a terrain"
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Fields, Mary A. Preliminary Applications of the Variable Resolution Terrain Model to a Troop Movement Model. Defense Technical Information Center, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada299315.
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Sladen, W. E., R. J. H. Parker, P. D. Morse, S V Kokelj, and S. L. Smith. Geomorphic feature inventory along the Dempster and Inuvik to Tuktoyaktuk highway corridor, Yukon and Northwest Territories. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329969.
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Thaw of permafrost and associated ground ice melt can reduce ground stability, modify terrain, and reconfigure drainage patterns affecting terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and presenting challenges to northern infrastructure and societies. The integrity of ground-based transportation infrastructure is critical to northern communities. Geomorphic features can indicate ground ice presence and thaw susceptibility. This Geological Survey of Canada Open File presents the digital georeferenced database of landforms identified in continuous permafrost terrain using high-resolution satellite imagery. The database is for a 10 km-wide corridor centered on the Dempster and Inuvik-Tuktoyaktuk highways. This 875 km-long transect traverses a variety of geological and physiographic terrain types, including glaciated and non-glaciated terrain, in the northcentral Yukon and northwestern Northwest Territories, where variation in climate, relief, ecology, and disturbance have produced a variety of periglacial conditions. We identified geomorphic features in high-resolution (0.6 m) satellite imagery visualized in 3D, and digitized them in ArcGIS. We used custom Python scripts to populate the attributes for each geomorphic feature. A total of 8746 features were mapped by type and categorized within three main classes: hydrological (n = 1188), mass movement (n = 2435), and periglacial (n = 5123). Features were identified at 1:10 000 and mapped at 1:5000. This report presents the geospatial database in ESRI shapefile, Keyhole Markup Language (KML), and comma-delineated formats.
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Richmond, Paul, Adam Potter, David Looney, and William Santee. Terrain coefficients for predicting energy costs of walking over snow. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41602.
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Predicting the energy costs of human travel over snow can be of significant value to the military and other agencies planning work efforts when snow is present. The ability to quantify, and predict, those costs can help planners determine if snow will be a factor in the execution of dismounted tasks and operations. To adjust predictive models for the effect of terrain, and more specifically for surface conditions, on energy costs, terrain coefficients (ƞ) have been developed. By applying knowledge gained from prior studies of the effects of terrain and snow, and by leveraging those existing dismounted locomotion models, we seek to outline the steps in developing an improved terrain coefficient (ƞ) for snow to be used in predictive modeling. Using published data, methods, and a well-informed understanding of the physical elements of terrain, e.g., characterization of snow sinkage (z), this study made adjustments to ƞ-values specific to snow. This review of published metabolic cost methods suggest that an improved ƞ-value could be developed for use with the Pandolf equation, where z=depth (h)*(1 - (snow density (ρ0)/1.186)) and ƞ=0.0005z3 + 0.0001z2 + 0.1072z + 1.2604. This paper provides data-driven improvements to models that are used to predict the energy costs of dismounted movements over snow.
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Kwun, H. L51694 Investigation of Techniques for Bulk Stress Measurement on Exposed Pipelines-Phases I and II. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010318.
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Differential movement of a buried pipeline resulting from terrain instabilities such as subsidence, fault slippage, frost heave, ice scouring, soil movement, and landslide can create localized areas of high stress in a pipeline. These areas may be susceptible to mechanical failure and therefore may compromise the structural integrity of the line. Nondestructive testing (NDT) methods that can detect high-stress regions and measure the magnitude of the stress in the pipeline are needed to determine if or when remedial action must be taken to prevent stress-related damage. The areas of high stress can compromise the integrity of the pipeline, despite the fact that the highly stressed areas may not be readily detectable. �This report describes two phases of development for a nonintrusive technique to quantify the local, throughwall average axial stress in an exposed pipe. The technique selected for evaluation and development is a low-frequency, electromagnetic technique, called multiparameter magnetic measurement (MPMM). MPMM is a combination of existing magnetic techniques including magnetic hysteresis measurement, nonlinear harmonic analysis, and multiparameter correlation. The work included both a proof-of-principle demonstration of the technique using samples of grade X-42, X-46, and X-52 pipe (Phase I), and further determination of practical applicability of the MPMM technique (Phase II). Phase II focused on evaluating the variability of magnetic response to stress among five samples of grade X-42 pipe.
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Morse, P. D., R. J. H. Parker, S. L. Smith, and W. E. Sladen. Permafrost-related landforms and geotechnical data compilation, Yellowknife to Grays Bay corridor region, Slave Geological Province. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/332017.
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Permafrost conditions in the Slave Geological province are not well understood. Thaw of permafrost and associated ground ice can reduce ground stability, which modifies terrain and drainage patterns and affects terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. This presents critical challenges to northern resource development and societies where thaw of ice-rich permafrost negatively affects the integrity of ground-based infrastructure. In an effort to address this knowledge gap, this report presents a digital georeferenced database of landforms identified in permafrost terrain using high-resolution satellite imagery and provides information on geomorphic indicators of ground ice presence and thaw susceptibility. Digital georeferenced databases compiled from sedimentological and cryostratigraphic records are also provided. The landform database is focused on mapping within a 10 km-wide swath of land (8576 km2 area of interest) centred on the proposed corridors for the 773 km-long Slave Geological Province Corridor Project, NT, and the Grays Bay Road and Port Project, NU. The geomorphic features were classified and digitized using high-resolution (0.5 m) satellite imagery following an existing protocol, which was modified by using a very high-resolution (2 m) digital elevation model (DEM), and by including mapping criteria for additional features. A total of 1393 geomorphic features were mapped comprising 10 different types, which were categorized into 3 classes that include periglacial (1291), hydrological (88), and mass movement (14) features. Data from 254 geotechnical boreholes and 2243 granular deposits were compiled. Information from the compiled databases was analyzed with surficial geology information. Results indicate that the distributions and densities of mapped landforms varied substantially according to surficial geology. High ground ice contents may be quite common in glaciofluvial deposits where creep of frozen ground affects about 30% of eskers. And ground ice may be more extensive overall than the available geotechnical data indicate. Borehole and granular deposit data suggest that overburden thickness above bedrock was up to 25.5 m, and visible ground ice contents were generally between 10% and 30%, but were up to 60% in glacial blanket and glaciofluvial sediments.
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Pugin, A. J. M., G. R. Brooks, and K. D. Brewer. Origin of mass movements and faulted glaciolacustrine deposits in the upper Lake Timiskaming area, Ontario- Quebec, using high-resolution seismic reflection. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/p0f205dx57.
Full textAbstract:
Trois levés sismiques à haute résolution ont été réalisés sur le cours supérieur du lac Témiscamingue en 2019, 2021 et 2022 à l'aide d'une technologie de pénétration développée à la Commission géologique du Canada. Le but de ces levés était d'étudier l'origine des sédiments glaciolacustres faillés précédemment signalés. De telles structures de déformation peuvent être liées à un effondrement dû à la fonte lente de la glace enfouie, à des mouvements de masse gravitationnelle ou à un mouvement de failles profondes du substrat rocheux. De nouvelles observations révèlent une vallée profonde, allongée et érodée (tunnel) de 1,3 à 2,5 km de large et 28 km de long et située le long du bord escarpé ouest du lac. Le thalweg de cette vallée s'étend jusqu'à -150 m d'altitude et est rempli de jusqu'à ~240 m de sédiments. Plus de sédiments sont présents dans la partie supérieure du lac par rapport à la partie inférieure ; le point de division étant défini par une moraine qui forme un rétrécissement peu profond. Les marges du lac présentent quatre niveaux de terrasse qui sont cartographiés dans la zone de la baie Paulson du lac. Une grille étroite de levés de lignes sismiques révèle des réseaux de glissements de terrain enfouis et inactifs qui sont le produit de mouvements gravitationnels rampants de sédiments glaciolacustres en association avec des failles d'extension. Les levés révèlent également des trous de kettle (fonte des glaces), des cavités rocheuses et du diamicton à la base d'une séquence sédimentaire glaciolacustre. D'éventuelles structures d'affouillement et de remplissage d'icebergs sont également identifiées dans les dépôts glaciolacustres. Toutes les failles et mouvements de masse liés à la gravité observés lors des levés peuvent être expliqués par des processus glacio-tectoniques ou de mouvements de masse. Certains glissements de terrain pourraient avoir été déclenchés par des séismes induits par le rebond isostatique de la croûte terrestre lié à la fonte de l'inlandsis laurentien. Il n’existe aucun exemple de failles rocheuses profondes atteignant la surface proche et se prolongeant dans les sédiments glaciolacustres ou lacustres récents dans l’ensemble de données sismiques.
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Porte, Robert. Migration / Movement. Portland State University Library, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.241.
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Lally, Michael J. Movement Control. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada363952.
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Wald, Joseph K. Modeling Micro-Terrain Using the Variable Resolution Terrain Model. Defense Technical Information Center, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada299319.
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St-Onge, D. A. Terrain Sciences Division. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305382.
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