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Essinalo, Joao Moises. "La police au Mozambique : démocratie, violence politique, transformation policière." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU10011.
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Depuis les années 1990, le Mozambique connaît des changements sociopolitiques importants qui se prétendent démocratiques. Ces changements ont constitué un bouleversement de l’environnement du fonctionnement de la police. Depuis lors, la police est objet des réformes dont le but de rendre son organisation et fonctionnement compatibles aux exigences du maintien de l’ordre dans ce nouveau contexte sociopolitique. Toutefois, ces réformes n’ont pas changé profondément les pratiques policières. En effet, la police continue violente malgré les réformes démocratiques qu’elle a bénéficié. Inscrit dans la sociologie d’État et de la Police, cette étude cherche à expliquer ce paradoxe. Elle soutient que la continuité des pratiques policières violentes n’est pas étranger à l’État démocratique en construction au Mozambique. Elle traduit les limites de celui-ci et la conjoncture sociopolitique que le pays traverse depuis la transition démocratique, caractérisée par l’essor de la violence sociale et politique. Le contrôle de cette violence, en plus de freiner les réformes démocratiques de la police, légitime la violence policière comme mécanisme de contrôle social et d’affirmation d’ÉtatFrom the year of 1990, Mozambique suffered profound changes which are called as being democratic. These changes constituted a change in the operating environment of the police. Since then, the police have come to be the object of reforms whose goal is to make this organization and operation compatible with the requirements of maintaining order in new socio-political context. However, these reforms did not change profoundly the police practices. Enrolled in the sociology of the State and the Police, the present study seeks to explain this paradox. He argues that the persistence of violent police practices is not contrary to democratic State under construction in Mozambique. It translates the limits of this and socio-political situation that the country has been experiencing since the democratic transition, characterized by the increase of social and political violence. The control of this violence, in addition to brake the democratic reforms of the police, justifies the repression and police violence as a mechanism of social control and of the affirmation of the State
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Macuacua, Eduardo F. "Export expansion as determinant of economic growth in Mozambique : a co-integration analysis /." Online Access, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/usrfiles/modules/etd/docs/etd_gen8Srv25Nme4_6032_1269987841.pdf.
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Lachartre, Brigitte. "La question urbaine au Mozambique : la ville malgré tout : héritages et devenir." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHESA052.
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La crise des systemes urbains du tiers monde et de l'afrique en particulier presente maintes similitudes: bidonvillisation, surpopulation, sousequipement, degradation des formes urbaines et des services, mal vivre des populations qui continuent pourtant d'y affluer, faible capacite financiere et d'initiative des pouvoirs locaux. Pourtant, au-dela des apparences, se jouent la complexite de l'histoire de chaque ville, la diversite des processus d'urbanisation et des heritages - renies ou integres - qui modelent le present des villes et conditionnent leur futur. Le cas mozambicain traite ici interroge la crise et les echecs de la ville en transition - marquee par l'adoption de l'economie liberale et le multipartisme - a la lumiere des heritages de la ville coloniale et de la ville socialiste, dont les modeles conflictuels ont faconne un systeme urbain en difficile recomposition. Convoitee et disputee selon des modalites differentes a travers le temps, la ville mozambicaine n'a guere connu que des modes de gestion bureaucratiques et autoritaires, sans reelle appropriation de l'environnement urbain et de ses potentialites economiques et culturelles par les habitants. Parties integrantes d'une democratisation + pilotee ; par les bailleurs de fonds internationaux, la decentralisation, la creation des collectivites locales et les premieres elections municipales n'ont pas modifie les relations entre les citadins et le pouvoir politique, tandis que l'economie de marche et la mondialisation impriment a la ville en devenir de nouvelles formes d'exploitation des richesses et d'exclusion de l'espace urbainUrban crisis in the thirld world and in africa in particular offer many similarities: overpopulated and underequipped shanty towns continue to grow and attract rural populations in spite of acute degradation of services and living conditions, local governements lack financial capacity and initiative to face the problems, civil society is dormant. However, in spite of this apparent uniformity, lie the complex history of each urban system, the caracteristics of its urbanisation process and its particular relationship to its spatial and cultural inheritage: these are some of the elements which condition the present situation and determine the future of these cities. The mozambican case studied here investigates the crisis and failures of the city in transition in the light of the colonial and socialist city which have succeeded to each other and have imposed their conflicting models on the urban system under construction. Urban space in mozambique has been disputed and occupied in different ways throughout time, but the mozambican city has mainly been ruled along bureaucratic and authoritarian methods of management and control, leaving little opportunity for its population to access its economical and cultural potentialities. As integral part of a democratisation process instigated by the world bank and foreign donors, decentralisation and the setting-up of municipalities have led in 1998 to the first municipal elections in this country. While the new local dispensation seems unable to introduce any change in the pattern of relations between the urban population and political power, market economy and globalisation are enforcing new forms of alienation and of exploitation of resources on the city-to be
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Chavale, Albino. "Rapport à la langue et dynamique des langues au Mozambique : un regard sur l'introduction des langues bantu dans l'enseignement." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30028.
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"Le Mozambique a été pendant longtemps une terre d'immigration et la diversité de peuples résultant de ces rencontres s'est répercutée sur de nombreux domaines sociaux. L'un des vestiges de ce passé est la diversité linguistique. Depuis les années 90, il y a un regain d'intérêt pour la gestion sociolinguistique. La littérature sociolinguistique dominante impute à tort et à raison à la langue de l'enseignement, le portugais, le faible taux de réussite scolaire. Mais au regard de certains éléments, il nous semble simpliste de pointer le portugais comme la cause principale de l'échec scolaire et de la marginalisation des langues bantu. Vouloir inverser la situation scolaire et sociolinguistique simplement en introduisant certaines langues bantu dans l'enseignement nous semble insuffisant. Nous préconisons, parallèlement aux aménagements purement linguistiques, des aménagements permettant aux langues promues de "vivre" socialement. "For a long time Mozambique has been a scène of immigration and the diversity of peoples resulting from those encounters reflected itself on a number of social domains. On of the vestiges of this past is the linguistic diversity. Since 90's it has been a revival on interest on the subject of sociolinguistic management. The prevailing sociolinguistic literature attributes rightly and wrongly to the language used in teaching, in this case, Portuguse, the low rate in scholatic achievement. All these elements considered, for us, it seems simplistic to point out Portuguese as the main cause of academic failure. In fact, a whole lot factors contribute to it. Aiming at reversing the academic tendency simpley by changing the language used in the education system, for us, it does not seem enough; We advocate that parallel to purely linguistic adjustements there should be adjustements making it possible for the prometed languages to "alive" socialy speaking
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Sumich, James Michael. "Elites and modernity in Mozambique." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2005. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/831/.
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This thesis examines the connections between ideologies of modernity and social power for three interrelated sets of elites in Mozambique. My research is based on 20 months of ethnographic fieldwork primarily, but not solely, among the now adult children of high-ranking members of Frelimo (Mozambican Liberation Front, the ruling party since independence) and those closely associated with the party in the capital city of Maputo. It examines how elites’ transforming relationship to the project of modernity has allowed them to survive periods of dramatic social change while maintaining power, although in a modified form. The thesis argues that “local” understandings of modernity held by dominant groups in Mozambique have created the wider political field that unifies elites and creates the parameters in which they operate. It allows them both to control the positions that underwrite their social power and to attempt to justify their positions of power. The thesis examines the source of elites’ social dominance and how it has been transformed over the generations. I also investigate how recent social, political and economic changes have created a growing backlash among social groups who were once Frelimo’s strongest supporters. The thesis argues that through the acquisition and monopolisation of “modern” skills, such as high levels of education, elites can survive contested legitimacy because there are few who seem capable of replacing them.
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Ramos, José Pedro Guedes Simões. "Telecommunications infrastructure sharing in Mozambique." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/13612.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e TelecomunicaçõesThe mobile telecommunications market faces growing challenges throughout the world, especially in the emerging markets on the African continent. The increase of private investment in different areas combined with the need to provide swift, sustainable and efficient answers from an economic and financial perspective has become urgent not only for the desired growth of these markets, but also for their continued development. The market of mobile telecommunications in Mozambique, the country chosen for our study, presents specific challenges in the network coverage in remote and rural areas. In one of the poorest countries in the world, where mobile communications prevail over fixed-network connections, and considering the importance of continuing to attract investment in this sector, without neglecting the least attractive regions from a financial perspective, it is important to study and explore the different technological models which can be implemented. This dissertation identifies the main investment constraints behind the reduced mobile coverage in the least attractive regions in Mozambique and studies the applicability and sustainability of implementing the concept of Neutral Operator associated with infrastructure sharing as one of the solutions to be adopted. It is our purpose that this study may contribute to the development of the mobile telecommunications market in this emerging market and that the Neutral Operator Model may be adapted and improved as needed in order to meet other growth and development objectives for Mozambique.
O mercado das telecomunicações móveis enfrenta desafios crescentes em todo o mundo, especialmente nos mercados emergentes do continente Africano. O aumento do investimento privado em diferentes sectores, associado à necessidade de fornecer respostas rápidas, sustentáveis e eficientes do ponto de vista económico-financeiro tornou-se premente não só para o desejado crescimento destes mercados, mas também para o seu continuado desenvolvimento. O mercado das telecomunicações móveis em Moçambique, país sobre o qual nos focamos neste estudo, apresenta desafios específicos no que respeita à cobertura de comunicações móveis nas áreas mais remotas e rurais. Num dos países mais pobres do mundo, onde a rede móvel prevalece sobre a rede fixa, e sendo importante continuar a atrair investimento neste sector, não descurando as áreas menos atrativas do ponto de vista financeiro, importa estudar e explorar os diferentes modelos tecnológicos que podem ser implementados. Esta dissertação identifica os principais constrangimentos que levam ao reduzido investimento na cobertura móvel nas áreas menos apetecíveis para investidores em Moçambique, estudando a aplicabilidade e sustentabilidade do conceito de Operador Neutro associado à partilha de infraestruturas como uma das soluções a adotar. Pretende-se que este trabalho contribua para o desenvolvimento da área das telecomunicações móveis neste mercado emergente e que esta proposta possa ser aperfeiçoada de modo a contribuir para outros objetivos de crescimento e desenvolvimento de Moçambique.
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Tikka, Veronica. "The Conflict Transformation in Mozambique." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-165157.
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The purpose of this study is to get a better understanding of the conflict transformation in Mozambique. It has a dual focus: the peace process after the 16 years’ war, and the resumed violent conflict, to understand both the constructive and destructive change of the conflict. A field study including interviews with 23 informants was conducted in Maputo between March and June 2019. The study was guided by conflict transformation theory and employed a case-oriented comparative analysis. The results show that the constructive and destructive change of the conflict in Mozambique were influenced by the context transformation; structure transformation; actor transformation; issue transformation; and personal transformation. Some transformations were more substantial than others, but altogether the combination of and interaction between the factors formed the conflict transformation in Mozambique. Factors which have significantly influenced the conflict are: the asymmetric relationship; the elite bargaining; the intra-party dynamics; the external support; the distrust; and the profile of the leaders of the two parties.
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Cumbe, César Fernando. "L'écrit informel à Maputo (transports et commerces) et son appropriation orale : une approche sociolinguistique du terrain mozambicain." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H093.
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En nous appuyant sur la sociolinguistique urbaine nous avons analysé l'écrit informel à Maputo (transports et commerces) et son appropriation orale. La description analytique de ce corpus (analyse de la forme, analyse de la réception de ces formes et du contenu) nous a permis de dégager les tendances qui en découlent. En effet, l'écrit informel neutralise les frontières géographiques et administratives et opèrent une déstructuration de l'espace. Les transports et les commerces informels sont un réservoir du patrimoine linguistique du pays et révèlent un fonctionnement social. L'écrit informel ne cherche pas à remplacer l'oral, au contraire il cherche à le consolider (on écrit comme on parle). Tout compte fait, la parole ou l'écrit vernaculaire y compris en portugais témoigne du pouvoir conquis par le peuple qui a su s'imposer et s'exposer dans l'espace urbain aussi bien au centre ville qu'en périphérie. L'écrit informel occupe une place symbolique, puisqu'il valorise le patrimoine linguistique du pays, la mémoire collective et la tradition. Précisons enfin que Maputo est une ville plurilingue (portugais, langues africaines et anglais). Ce plurilinguisme est visible et lisible dans le décor scriptural informel de la villeWe have analysedthe informal written word in Maputo (transport and shops) using the urban socio-linguistic approach. Through analytical description of this corpus, analysis of form, analysis of reception of these forms and their contents, we were able to draw certain conclusions. Notably, that the informal written word neutralises geographical and administrative boundaries and modifies the structure of space. Transport and informal commerce are wealth to draw on for the linguistic heritage of a country, and are a revelation of a function in society. The informal written word is not out to replace the spoken word, on the contrary it reinforces it rone writes as one speaks. In any case, the vernacular when written or spoken, even in Portuguese, is witness to the power of the people who have been able to impose and expose themselves in the urban area, as much in the centre of town as in the suburbs. The informal written word occupies a symbolic place as it highlights the linguistic heritage if the country and its' collective memory and traditions. Let us point out that Maputo is a multilingual city (Portuguese, African languages and English). This multilingual ism is visible and legible in the informal scriptural decor of the city
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Gasperini, Lavinia. "Education et développement rural au Mozambique : la liaison de l'étude et du travail." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H081.
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On se propose de chercher le type d'école le plus approprie aux programmes de développement du Mozambique. On analyse l'histoire de l'éducation au Mozambique pour observer comment s'est présenté le rapport entre l'étude et le travail dans les différentes formations sociales. La première partie de la thèse donc porte sur l'éducation coloniale et l'expérience faite par le frelimo pendant les années de la guerre de libération nationale. La seconde partie analyse l'éducation après l'indépendance. On analyse si et comment s'y présente le variable "travail" on essaye de définir ce qui est identique, dans l'histoire du système éducatif, malgré les différences et les contradictions apparentes, et de trouver ce qui est fondamentalement diffèrent, sous l'identité apparenteThe mean of this thesis is to inquire which type of school is more suitable in Mozambique development programs. I analyse the history of education in Mozambique to find out how the link between school and work existed in different societies of the same country. In the first part of the thesis analyses the colonial education and the frelimo experience during the years of the national liberation struggle. In the second part I analyze the education after the independence. I analyse how work was included in education. I try to find out in the history of education, the similarities and the specificity of the different periods
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Da, Maia Carlos Chadreque Penicela. "Understanding poverty and inequality in Mozambique : the role of education and labour market status." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71857.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis deals with poverty and inequality in Mozambique and with the link of education to wellbeing through the labour market. Earlier studies that analysed well-being in Mozambique drew counter-intuitive conclusions about the spatial distribution of poverty and inequality. They focused excessively on money-metric indicators of well-being and adjusted the poverty line so as to make it reflect taste and price differentials across regions. This thesis suggests the use of a wealth index based on asset holdings and derived by employing Multiple Correspondence Analysis to support the money-metric results. If results are not also confirmed by other indicators of well-being, one should be sceptical of simply unquestioningly applying best practice approaches. In this thesis the moneymetric results drawn by earlier studies are not confirmed by this other indicator of well-being. Since education is a policy lever that can be used to influence the existing patterns of poverty and inequality, one needs to understand how it operates through the labour market in improving wellbeing. Developing and poor economies such as Mozambique are characterised by a very segmented labour market and by a small wage sector. A large proportion of the working-age population is engaged in subsistence agriculture and self-employment activities. Using a multinomial logit model this thesis demonstrates that schooling has an influence on the choice of employment segment. For instance, schooling increases an individual’s chances of getting a public sector job, but lowers his or her chances of falling into self-employment activities. This study also links schooling to earnings. It argues that when analysing the relationship between schooling and earnings in a poor developing economy one should account for the multiple segmentation of the labour market as well as for sample selection bias. To estimate the effects of schooling on earnings this thesis thus employs a modified version of Dubin and McFadden’s model. It finds a positive association between education and earnings in the public wage sector, the private wage sector and in the selfemployment segment. Convex returns to education are also found, and accounting for selectivity bias does improve the earnings functions relative to those based on ordinary least squares regressions. Education quality has a bearing on an individual’s performance in the labour market and therefore affects the role of education in alleviating poverty. Thus, this thesis identifies the correlates of education quality in Mozambique. Employing education production functions based on ordinary least squares multivariate regressions it finds that most of the correlates of educational achievement suggested by the literature are indeed associated with educational outputs. Employing Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition techniques often used in labour studies to study earnings discrimination, the thesis attempts to explain the reasons behind the average deterioration in education quality in Mozambique. The initial hypothesis on this matter was that the average deterioration in education quality over time was associated with the increase in the proportion of pupils from low socioeconomic backgrounds. This hypothesis, however, is not confirmed. Likely explanations include the decline in the efficiency of the education system and more lenient pupil promotion policies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie proefskrif handel oor armoede en ongelykheid in Mosambiek en die effek van onderwys op welsyn deur die arbeidsmark. Vroeëre studies het gevolgtrekkings oor welsyn in Mosambiek getrek wat nie met intuïsie oor die ruimtelike verdeling van armoede en ongelykheid strook nie. Sulke studies het slegs geldelike maatstawwe van welsyn gebruik en die armoedelyn aangepas om pryse en smaak in verskillende streke te reflekteer. Hierdie tesis stel die gebruik van nie-geldelike maatstawwe voor om geldelike maatstawwe aan te vul, en spesifiek ’n bate-indeks van welsyn wat verkry word deur die gebruik van Veelvuldige-Korrespondensie-Analise. Daar is rede tot skeptisisme wanneer die sogenaamde ‘beste’ metode vir die berekening van geldelike maatstawwe sonder bevraagtekening gebruik word en die resultate nie deur ander indikatore van welsyn bevestig word nie. Aangesien onderwys ’n beleidsinstrument bied om bestaande patrone van armoede en ongelykheid te beïnvloed, is dit nodig om te verstaan hoe dit deur die arbeidsmark werk om welsyn te verbeter. Ontwikkelende en arm ekonomieë soos Mosambiek word gekenmerk deur ’n baie gesegmenteerde arbeidsmark en ’n klein loonsektor. Groot persentasie van die bevolking van werkende ouderdom is by onderhoudslandbou en ander self-indiensneming betrokke. Veelvoudige-logit-model toon hoe opvoeding die keuse van indiensnemingsektor beïnvloed. Onderwys verhoog byvoorbeeld iemand se kanse om pos in die openbare sektor te kry, maar verlaag die waarskynlikheid van selfindiensneming. Die studie koppel verdienste ook aan onderwys. Daar word aangevoer dat die groot arbeidsmarksegmentasie en seleksie-sydigheid in berekening gebring moet word wanneer die verband tussen onderwys en lone in arm ontwikkelende land bestudeer word. Dus word aangepaste vorm van Dubin en McFadden se model in hierdie proefskrif gebruik om die effek van onderwys op verdienste te bereken. Positiewe verband bestaan tussen onderwys en lone in die openbare loonsektor, die private loonsektor en self-indiensname. Die opbrengsstruktuur op onderwys is konveks, en inagneming van seleksie-sydigheid verbeter die verdienstefunksies relatief tot gevalle wat net op gewone kleinste-kwadrate-regressies gebaseer is. Onderwysgehalte het invloed op persoon se vertoning in die arbeidsmark en raak daarom die rol van onderwys in armoedeverligting. Faktore wat met onderwysgehalte in Mosambiek verband hou word dus geïdentifiseer. Die gebruik van gewone-kleinste-kwadrate-veelvoudige-regressies in onderwysproduksiefunksies toon dat die meeste van die bepalende faktore wat in die literatuur genoem word inderdaad met onderwysuitsette verband hou. Deur gebruik van Oaxaca-Blinder dekomposisie-tegnieke – wat meer dikwels gebruik word om arbeidsmarkdiskriminasie te ontleed – word gepoog om die redes vir die agteruitgang van gemiddelde onderwysgehalte in Mosambiek te verklaar. Die aanvanklike hipotese hieroor was dat die agteruitgang in die gemiddelde vertoning deur die toename van leerlinge van laer sosio-ekonomiese agtergrond verklaar sou kon word. Ontleding van die data bevestig egter nie hierdie hipotese nie. Moontlike verklarings sluit in agteruitgang in die doeltreffendheid van die onderwysstelsel en minder streng beleid rakende promosie van leerlinge na hoër grade.
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Fuel, Isaias Carlos. "Perceived usefulness of agricultural information sought on-line and broadcast in rural Mozambique: a case study of two Community Multimedia Centres (CMCs)." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007240.
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The wealth of information available on the Internet holds the potential to aid development in Africa. In order to be effective, such information needs to be contextualised to respond to local needs and practices. The combination of old and new media can support uptake and improve acceptance of new technologies in developing countries. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the perceived usefulness of agricultural information sought on-line and broadcast via community radio in the two Community Multimedia Centres (CMCs) of Namaacha and Murrombene, in rural Mozambique. The data was generated from focus group discussion, individual interview, document analysis, and observation involving farmers and radio presenters. The study has shown that on-line agricultural information responds to the needs of the farmers because it contributes to eliminate pests and help farmers to make decisions about their activities. The study has also shown that there is a communication gap between farmers, extension workers, and volunteer reporters working at the community radios of the two CMCs. Volunteers have no agricultural knowledge. The problem this creates manifests itself primarily when they try to translate on-line agricultural information from Portuguese into local languages. Farmers have difficulties expressing their problems. Extension workers are not available to act as experts and mediators between volunteers and farmers. A collaborative website focusing on locally relevant content was suggested as a possible improvement.
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Langa, Sílvia da Fátima. "The impact and control of waterweeds in the Southern Mozambique Basin rivers." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001905.
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In Mozambique, establishment of aquatic weeds has been enhanced through the increased enrichment of water bodies by nutrient runoffs from human and agricultural wastes that lead to an increase in nitrate and phosphate in the water. The aquatic weeds, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), red water fern ( Azolla microphylla), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and salvinia (Salvinia molesta) were found in most watercourses in Mozambique and are becoming aggressive in some watercourses, especially in the Umbeluzi and Incomati rivers. Farmers and people living along the rivers are aware of the negative impact of the water weeds because the large mats of weeds cause loss of shoreline and navigability along the rivers. Other commonly perceived effects of aquatic invasive plants in Mozambique rivers include: reduced navigable surface area; difficulties for fishermen, which reduces income; increased prevalence of insects and insect-borne disease, and decreased aesthetic value. The methods currently used for the control and management of the aquatic weeds are mechanical and manual control. Both methods are costly, time consuming, and only provide a short-term solution to the problem. The study found that the weevils Neochetina eichhorniae and N. bruchi were effective biological control agents in the study area but their impact is too gradual compared to the aggressive proliferation of water hyacinth. The one year lab-experiment clearly demonstrated that the water lettuce weed had a significant impact on the recruitment of macro-invertebrates to the artificial substrates, and water lettuce contributed to the reduction of oxygen in the water and consequent reduction of macro-invertebrate abundance and diversity. The biodiversity recovered at the same time in the pools containing water lettuce controlled by N. affinis and water lettuce controlled by herbicide, but richness and diversity of macro-invertebrates was higher in the water lettuce controlled by N affinis during the first sampling occasion compared to the water lettuce in pools controlled by herbicide, where macro-invertebrates increased only when DO levels recovered after water lettuce mat decay. The number of taxa recorded in this study is an indication of the significance of macro-invertebrates in an aquatic environment. This therefore emphasizes the need for more research efforts into macrophyte and macro-invertebrate associations in the aquatic system to better understand the implications of habitat modification arising from human activities. It will also enable us to be better equipped with a more appropriate ecological understanding for aquatic resources management.
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Raimundo, José Alberto. "La place et le rôle des villageois dans le processus de mise en oeuvre de la politique agraire au Mozambique : le cas des communautés Ajaua de la province de Nyassa : 1975 à 2005." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/143343440#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
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La question centrale de cette thèse analyse la place et le rôle des paysans du Mozambique dans le processus de mise en oeuvre de la politique agraire. Il s'agit d'une tentative d'explication des processus sociaux et économiques affectant la réalité des zones rurales d'après l'indépendance du pays (depuis 1975 jusqu'en 2005), donc un exemple de ce qui s'est passé dans ces zones avec la communauté Ajaua qui habite la province de Nyassa, plus précisément des villages de Miala, Unango, Mapudjé et Malulo situés au nord du district de Sanga. L'auteur cherche à comprendre les rapports qui se sont établis entre l'Etat et ces paysans, aussi bien les aspects les plus importants de la vie de cette communauté rurale (leurs intérêts, leur positionnement et leur production). Il analyse d'abord l'organisation de la vie de cette communauté avant l'influence capitaliste et coloniale (afin de restituer la cohérence et la dynamique des pratiques et institutions domestiques anciennes), aussi bien pendant la domination coloniale (pour analyser les caractéristiques de la domination coloniale au niveau de ces communautés). Ensuite, il se consacre à l'étude de la stratégie du développement agricole du pays à l'époque post-coloniale et à l'analyse des comportements de la communauté cible à l'égard de ces stratégies de développement. Finalement, il analyse la situation actuelle des villages étudiés, pour identifier les changements importants qui s'opèrent au niveau économique, politique, social, et géographiqueThis dissertation analyses the place and role of peasants in Mozambique within the framework of the implementation of agrarian policies. It is an attempt at accounting for the economic and social processes bearing on rural areas in the period after the country's independence, i. E. An illustration of what has occurred in these areas with the Yao community which lives in Niassa province, especially in the villages of Miala, Unango, Mapudjé and Malulo in the north of the district of Sanga from 1975 (the year of Mozambique's independence) to 2005. The author seeks to understand the relationship between the State and peasants in the process of political, social and economic transformation which the rulers unleashed in Mozambique's rural world as well as the most important features of the life of these rural communities. First of all, an analysis of the organization of the economic, political and social life of these communities before capitalist and colonial influence (with a view to reconstructing the coherence and dynamic of old domestic institutions and practices) as well as during colonial domination (with a view to appraising the characteristics of colonial domination at the level of these communities) is undertaken. Secondly, a look is taken into the agricultural development strategy during the post-colonial period and into the behavior of the target community. Finally, there is an appraisal of the present condition of the studied villages in order to identify important changes taking place at the economic, political, social and geographic level
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Zischg, Robert. "Die politik der Sowjetunion gegenüber Angola und Mozambique /." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37676227v.
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Magode, José. "Pouvoir et réseaux sociaux au Mozambique : appartenances, interactivité du social et du politique : 1933-1994." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/magode_j.
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En interrogeant une société issue de l'assemblage d'espaces sociaux par l'ex-puissance coloniale, cette étude considère la signification des comportements des acteurs de la (re) construction du système politique, au Mozambique. Deux faits sont au fondement du système mozambicain : d'abord, la guerre anti-coloniale débouchant sur l'indépendance (1964-1975) et la mise en place du régime à parti unique ; ensuite, la guerre civile (1977-1992), qui a rendu inéluctable la déconcentration et la régulation politique à travers la démocratie représentative. L'enjeu de cet essai est d'eclairer deux questions : qu'est-ce qui explique que certains individus et groupes sociaux parviennent à légitimer l'accès au centre du pouvoir et, par là, la domination politique ? Comment et pourquoi les dominants sont-ils contraints à tourner les repères d'action vers l'accomplissement des stratégies à effets (re)structurants, dans une société globale ?Par l'analyse en termes de réseaux, nous cherchons à montrer que les logiques des pouvoirs concurrentiels apparaissent comme les causes explicatives de l'entreprise et de la dynamique de l'ordre politique post-colonialBy looking a society issued from the assembling of social spaces by ex-colonial power, this study considers the meaning of behaviours of a whole actors who take part in the (re)construction of the political system, in Mozambique. Two undeniable facts are at heart of Mozambican system. Firstly, the anti-colonial war (1964-1975), leading to independence and the establishment of a single party regime. Secondly, the civil war (1977-1992) which made political decentralisation inevitable as a source of the collective apprenticeship of political representative democracy. The aim of this essays is to highlight two questions: why is it that certain individuals and social groups can manage to place themselves in central positions of power and, by this way, to legitimate political domination ? Secondly, how and why are social forces constrained to turn the accomplishment of political strategies in order to achieve restructuring effects in global society ? By analysis of social networks, we are looking to show that the logic of competitive powers appears in the form of companies and of dynamism of the post-colonial political order
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Calder, Jason S. "Pro-poor growth in Mozambique an exploration of its income and non-income dimensions /." unrestricted, 2005. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12152005-154801/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2005.Title from title screen. Sally Wallace, committee chair; L.F. Jameson Boex , James R. Alm, committee members. Electronic text (72 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed June 26, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-70).
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Chichava, Sergio Inacio. "Le "vieux Mozambique" : étude sur l'identité politique de la Zambézie." Bordeaux 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR40016.
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Cumbi, Gonqalo M. T. "The sustainability of microfinance in Mozambique." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/14638.
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Thesis (MDF)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.In the microfinance discourse, sustainability can relate to organisational, managerial and financial aspects. However, what is in vogue in mainstream analysis is the financial sustainability of MFIs throughout the world, especially in Africa, Asia and Latin America. What has attracted controversial debate on the self financial viability of MFIs is the extent they have maintained the balance between achieving substantial levels of profitability (through employing the institutionalist approach), and being agents of poverty-alleviation (through the welfarist approach). Analysing the mixed fortunes of the five MFIs in Mozambique between 2005 and 2009, this study explores the scope and patterns of outreach programmes as an essay in service-delivery by the MFIs, the repayment capacity of the different stripes of clients, the cost-control regime adopted by the MFIs and the ultimate variegated levels of success realised, and the challenges faced by the MFIs in different provinces.
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Lindelow, Magnus. "Utilization of health services in Mozambique." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410989.
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Gründlingh, Marten Luther. "Vortices of the Mozambique ridge current." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22481.
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During a cruise of the R.V. Meiring Naude in August 1975, anomalous values for temperature, salinity and nutrients were recorded over a deep-sea region of the Southwestern Indian Ocean. It was thought that this oceanographic anomaly may represent part of a cyclonic mesoscale vortex of unknown origin. The scant information available at the time on the circulation in this area precluded any of the known, steady currents from being possible generators. Only once before, in 1962, had a similar observation been made, and its significance had not been recognised. In the period 1976 to 1982, several hydrographic cruises were executed on the R.V. Meiring Naude in the region 27 - 33°S, 32 - 43°E, to locate similar features and to find answers to the following questions: Was the 1975 anomaly really a vortex (i.e. a rotating body of water)? What are the physical and dynamic characteristics (i.e. temperature, salinity, density, velocity, volume transport, energy) and distribution of such vortices? How and where are the vortices generated, and what are their lifetime and eventual fate? In all, more than 500 routine hydrographic stations were occupied to collect data on water properties. Most of these stations extended to a depth of 1 000 m, while about 20% went to at least 1 800 m. Initially, hydrosondes designed and built by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research were employed, but a Neil Brown Instrument Systems' CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) microprofiler was used from 1979 onwards. Satellite-tracked buoys and infrared imagery were used to derive information on the circulation patterns, thus extending the coverage of the small research vessel. The drift rate of the ship and current measurements from a drifting array of current meters augmented the calculations of geostrophic velocity, volume transport and energy, and provided insight into the flow dynamics of the water.
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Malauene, Bernardino Sergio. "Shelf edge upwelling off Northern Mozambique." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6127.
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A combination of satellite and in situ data were used to infer the occurrence and temporalspatial variability of upwelling near Angoche. The data were derived from MODIS SST and Chl-a between 2003 and 2007, in situ moored underwater temperature recorder at a depth of 18 m for the period 2003ô2007 and two shipboard surveys providing CTD and XBT data in December 2008 and in August 2009 in the northern Mozambique region. The results con rm that shelf edge upwelling occurs along the northern coast of Mozambique near Angoche between 15 and 18oS, covering an area of approximately 68 000 km2. The upwelling signature was not strong at the surface. Two upwelling core regions were identi ed: (1) the shelf core region and (2) the slope core region. At the shelf core region upwelling was more persistent than at the slope core upwelling. The upwelling displayed seasonal variation between persistent downwelling (warm water) between AprilôJuly and intermittent upwelling (cool water) events between AugustôMarch. Generally the upwelling lasted for a period of about two months but, shorter periods between 8 and 30 days were also observed. The driving mechanism for the shelf edge upwelling o northern Mozambique was determined from satellite observations (NOAA/NCDC) of blended sea surface wind data, and by multi-satellite (AVISO) altimeter sea surface anomaly data between 2003 and 2007 and also during the two cruise surveys in December 2008 and August 2009. These data showed upwelling is in part wind-driven in response to the northôeasterly (NE) monsoon weak-wind velocities between AugustôMarch in the austral spring-summer. The intermittent nature of the upwelling season is also partly due to uctuations in wind direction during the NE monsoon winds. Eddies appear to play a limited role in driving the upwelling.
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Magode, José Journès Claude. "Pouvoir et réseaux sociaux au Mozambique." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2003. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2003/magode_j.
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Ndlovu, Ana Admiração. "Understanding development aid and state autonomy : the case of European Union budget support to Mozambique." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013218.
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Post-colonial states in Africa continue to pursue nation-building and socio-economic development. This process is taking place with the sustained support of global agencies in terms of development cooperation, assistance and aid. Insofar as an endogenous development path which speaks to national priorities can be formulated and implemented by post-colonial states, their relationship with these agencies raises serious questions about such a path if the relationship entails dependence and indeed subordination of post-colonial states. This raises important questions about state autonomy under post-colonial conditions and the possibility of autonomy being compromised. In this light, the thesis examines European Union budget support to Mozambique and, in particular, the relationship between EU budget support and Mozambique state autonomy in pursuing national development. This is particularly pertinent given the massive dependence of the Mozambican state on foreign funding (notably EU funding) with specific regard to the national budget. Despite the broad claims existing in the prevailing literature that nation-state autonomy is seriously undermined in and through the international development system, the thesis argues against reductionist arguments that simply posit post-colonial states as mere instruments of global forces. This system, including European Union budget support, does indeed set the conditions of existence for post-colonial states such as Mozambique. But autonomy is necessarily relative and is subject to different forms and degrees. Ultimately, it is through empirical investigation that the specific form and degree of autonomy can be pinpointed and understood. The thesis contributes to this endeavour and suggests that the relationship between European budget support and Mozambican state autonomy is more complex and tension-riddled than the prevailing literature would seem to suggest.
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Domingos, Luis Tomas. "La question de l'identité ethnique et la formation de l'Etat-Nation au Mozambique : le cas des Sena de la Vallée du Zambeze." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082227.
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Le Mozambique est arrivé à l'indépendance avec un double passé, pré-colonial et colonial, et, par conséquent, avec une double expérience pour ce qui concerne les solutions relatives à la question d'identité ethnique et la formation de l'Etat-Nation. L'Etat-Nation actuel est un produit hérité de la conception arbitraire du pouvoir colonial qui n'a pas pris en considération les "identités" des unités sociales existantes au Mozambique. Il n'est reste pas moins un sentiment d'embarras et d'insatisfaction lorsqu'on veut expliquer les concepts d'ethnie, d'Etat-Nation, ou même de classe sociale. Cela provient tout d'abord de la nature propre de l'expérience historique de l'Occident, à partir de laquelle ces concepts et notions ont été forgés. Il y a une inadéquation entre l'Etat et l'environnement social et culturel dans lequel baigne la majorité de la population mozambicaine. La différentiation des groupes sociaux à travers des caractéristiques ethniques, régionaux, etc. , se traduit parfois en fragmentation et stratifications sociales, dans lesquelles certains groupes sont identiques, malgré souvent des intérêts distincts. La question de l'identité ethnique, chez les Sena de la Vallée du Zambèze, est un phénomène complexe, multidimensionnel et controversé. Cependant, les ethnies dans toute leur diversité créatrice, sont les artisans de l'histoire et font partie intégrante de la société mozambicaine. Nous croyons à un champ d'intégration conciliatoire dans l'ordre de l'équilibre social. Les ethnies ne sont ni une limite, ni contraire à l'Etat, mais leurs valeurs sont nécessaires pour la formation de l'Etat -Nation mozambicainMozambique achieved independence with a double past, precolonial and colonial, and consequently with a double experience as regards the solutions connected with the problem of ethnic identity and the building up of the State-Nation. The present State-Nation is a product inherited from the arbitrary conception of the colonial power who didn't take into account the identities of the social units to be found in Mozambique. Nevertheless, we can't help feeling embarrassed and unsatisfied when we want to explain the concepts of ethnic groups, of State-Nation, or even of social class. First of all that comes from the proper nature of the historical experience of the Western World, out of which those concepts and notions were born. There is an inadequacy between the State and the social and cultural environment in which most of the Mozambique population is steeped in. The differentiation of the social groups through ethnic or regional characteristics, occasionally expresses itself by social breaking ups and stratification, in which some groups are identical, often in spite of distinct interests. The question of ethnic identity of the Sena living in the Zambèze Valley, is a complex, multidimensional and much debated phenomenon. However, ethnic groups in Mozambique, in all their creative diversity are the architects of history and wholly belong to the Mozambican Society. We believe in a field of conciliatory integration aiming at social stability. Ethnic groups are not a limit, nor opposed to the State, but their own values are needful for building up the Mozambican State-Nation
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Mira, Feliciano de. "Les élites et les entreprises au Mozambique : globalisation, systèmes de pouvoir et reclassements sociaux (1987-1999)." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0073.
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La thèse a été écrite avec une préoccupation de fidélité à l’analyse documentaire, surtout les sources primaires, selon une approche pluridisciplinaire des paramètres définis par les hypothèses et les variables et de la recherche. L'explication détaillée, se complète avec l’analyse du contenu des images. Ensemble, elles cherchent à expliquer et à rapprocher la parole et la visibilité afin de profiter des potentialités interactives entre la communication textuelle et visuelle. Je suis parti d'un cadre construit par plusieurs auteurs occidentaux, africanistes et africains, afin de constituer une grille analytique élargie, allant du général au particulier et du collectif à l'individuel. Je commence par articuler les systèmes politique et économique, pour, à travers des éléments qui les composent, atteindre le cadre et l’action des élites. La figure sociale des élites est caractérisée à partir des variables explicatives des institutions et de leurs titulaires, au sein du processus historique. La chronologie historique précise la date des faits dans lesquels se coule l’analyse sociologique. Les dynamiques internes du pouvoir sont d’importance cruciale pour la transformation des pouvoirs et des élites, tout comme la reproduction des élites dépend du positionnement de chaque élite durant les moments les plus marquants de la construction de l’État moderne mozambicain. La sélection et la reproduction sont intrinsèques aux faits matériels de l'histoire récente, où le « politicien- entrepreneur » joue un rôle déterminant. La structure du pouvoir politique et économique des élites est relativement autonome par rapport aux dynamiques sociales mozambicaines. La formation sociale du marché est un réseau d’itinéraires controversés et de chemins insolites, où la modernité économique est remplacée par certains aspects de la modernisation occidentale. La distance entre les élites et le peuple s’est intensifiée sous la tutelle de la globalisation et au nom de la renaissance africaineThe thesis was written, according to a multi-field approach of the parameters preset by the variables and the assumptions of research, in order to constitute a widened analytical grid. The social figure of the elites is characterized starting from the explanatory variables of the institutions and their holders, within the historical process. The internal dynamics of the power are of crucial importance for the transformation of the powers and of the elites, just as the reproduction of the elites depends on the positioning of each elite during the most outstanding moments of the construction of the Mozambican modern State. The selection and the reproduction are intrinsic with the material facts of the recent history, in which (where) the “politician- entrepreneur ” plays a determining part. The structure of the political and economical power of the elites is relatively autonomous compared to the Mozambican social dynamics. The social formation of the market is a network of controversial routes, where the economical modernity is replaced by certain aspects of the Western modernization, under the supervision of the globalisation and in the name of the African rebirth
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Forquilha, Salvador Cadete. "Des "autoridades gentílicas" aux "autoridades comunitárias" : le processus de mobilisation de la chefferie comme ressource politique : État, chefferie et démocratisation au Mozambique : le cas du district de Cheringoma." Bordeaux 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR40006.
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Le processus de libéralisation amorcé vers la fin des années 1980, au Mozambique, a permis l'entrée de la question de la chefferie traditionnelle dans le débat politique. Connue à l'époque coloniale sous le nom d'autoridades gentílicas, ou encore autorités traditionnelles, cette institution, combattue et marginalisée par le régime au lendemain de l'indépendance, est aujourd'hui de retour sur la scène politique, sur fond de discours de décentralisation et de participation locale, dans le cadre du décret 15/2000. Dans un contexte marqué par le pluralisme et la compétition politiques, comment se structurent les rapports entre l'État et les chefs traditionnels et quel est l'enjeu de la chefferie traditionnelle ? En prenant le district de Cheringoma (dans la région centre du pays) comme terrain principal d'observation empirique, ce travail analyse le processus de structuration des rapports État/chefs traditionnels dans le contexte de démocratisation au Mozambique et essaie de cerner la dynamique à l'oeuvre dans le processus d'institutionnalisation de ce que l'on appelle les autoridades comunitárias. Ainsi, à partir d'une approche à la fois néo-institutionnelle et socio-historique, l'étude montre que les rapports État/chefs traditionnels sont structurés, d'une part, par la trajectoire de l'État et de la chefferie et, d'autre part, par le cadre institutionnel mis en place dans les années 1990. Par ailleurs, le processus d'institutionnalisation des autoridades comunitárias met en exergue la dynamique de mobilisation de la chefferie comme ressource politique, non seulement par les partis politiques, mais aussi par les chefs traditionnels eux-mêmes.
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Pedro, Martinho. "La persistance des autorités traditionnelles au Mozambique Colonial (1834-1974)." Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT5030.
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La persistance des autorités traditionnelles au mozambique colonial (1834-1974) : le cas des Mamwene de la Macuana (Nampula) c'est le titre de la thèse avec laquelle on cherche à repérer, dans un cadre relationnel entre dominants et dominés, tous les attendus qui auraient permis la modélisation des ruptures et des permanences des modèles sociétaux des groupes subjugués, pendant la période coloniale dans laMacuana (Mozambique). .The conservation of the traditional authorities in the colonial Mozambique (1834-1974) : The Mamwene of the Macuana (Nampula) case, is the attempt at identifying, within the framework of the relationship between the factors which may have generated a pattern of ruptures and the persistance of certain social models within the dominated societies, during the colonial period in the Macuana (Mozambique). .
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Bellucci, Stefano. "Le Mozambique à l'heure néo-libérale : bonne gouvernance et ONG." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA111010.
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Mussa, Carlos. "Les conflits au Mozambique : la longue marche vers la liberté, 1930-1992." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT5024.
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Ce travail, intitulé "Les conflits au Mozambique : la longue marche vers la liberté, 1930-1992", étudie l'histoire contemporaine du Mozambique. Il analyse les principaux conflits au Mozambique pendant la période 1930-1992. La recherche présentée est divisée en trois parties. La première partie est intitulée "Le renforcement du pouvoir colonial et l'émergence du nationalisme au Mozambique, 1930-1963". La deuxième partie a pour titre "La guerre d'indépendance mozambicaine, 1964-1974". La troisième partie, intitulée "L'échec du socialisme au Mozambique, 1977-1992", analyse les conflits qui sont nés pendant les premières années de l'indépendance du pays, y compris la guerre civile mozambicaine et ses résultatsThis study designed to respond to the present student generation's needs and questions regarding the nature of the conflicts in Mozambique today. The objective is first, to make a study about the colonialism and the Mozambican nationalism (1930-1963), the struggle of independance and the civil war in Mozambique (1964-1974). This text has three parts : the history of the colonialism and the Mozambican nationalism (1930-1963), the history of the independence struggle in Mozambique and its conflicts (1964-1974), the history of the civil war in Mozambique and the Mozambican socialism (1977-1992)
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Aleixo, Boaventura José. "Analyse du processus de mise en place d'un dispositif de formation à distance : le cas de l'Université pédagogique du Mozambique." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082578.
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López, Varela Elisa. "Epidemiología de la tuberculosis en la población infantil de Manhiça, Mozambique = Paediatric TB epidemiology in Manhiça, southern Mozambique." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/481955.
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El objetivo general de este proyecto de investigación es aumentar la base de conocimiento sobre la TB pediátrica con el fin de contribuir al fin de la epidemia de TB. Esta tesis tiene por objeto mejorar las estimativas epidemiológicas de TB infantil, así como caracterizar a la enfermedad desde diferentes perspectivas con el fin de vencer barreras críticas para la detección de casos.
El primer artículo de esta tesis proporciona nuevos datos de incidencia poblacional de TB infantil que no están disponibles actualmente en la mayoría de los países del África subsahariana. La tasa de incidencia mínima comunitaria (TIMC) de TB en niños menores de tres años en el distrito de Manhiça fue de 470 por cada 100.000 persona-año, consistentemente alta para todos los grupos de edad. Estos datos confirman la magnitud de la epidemia en esta región y ponen de manifiesto el alto nivel de transmisión comunitaria.El VIH está íntimamente ligado a la tuberculosis. Casi la mitad de los niños menores de 3 años con TB estaban coinfectados de VIH. Los niños con sospecha de TB e infectados por el VIH presentaron una probabilidad de tener tuberculosis seis veces mayor que los no infectados, aunque la probabilidad de obtener confirmación bacteriológica fue más baja en este grupo. La mortalidad en los niños VIH positivos fue significativamente mayor que en los no infectados, (el 14,4% frente al 3,8%, p <0,001) y podría reflejar casos de mortalidad por TB no diagnosticada. Desde el punto de vista operacional, este estudio llama la atención sobre el alto porcentaje de oportunidades perdidas de quimioprofilaxis ya que menos de la mitad de los casos con criterios (VIH o contactos de TB) iniciaron tratamiento preventivo con isoniazida.
En el segundo estudio, se proporcionan estimaciones de la tasa de detección de casos (TDC) de la tuberculosis infantil utilizando datos comunitarios. Se utilizó la TIMC generada previamente como la estimación más precisa disponible. Para calcular la TDC de tuberculosis en los niños menores de tres años en el Distrito de Manhiça, se comparó la TMIC de 2011-2012 con los casos notificados durante el período 2006-2010. La tasa de detección de casos fue del 40,8%. Es probable que sea una estimación conservadora y que la verdadera TDC sea más baja, lo que confirma la gran carga oculta de la enfermedad.
En el tercer estudio reportamos una alta tasa (88%) de éxito terapéutico al tratamiento de TB en menores de tres años en el Distrito de Manhiça. A pesar de ello casi un tercio de los casos presentaron adherencia incompleta al tratamiento (definido como casos perdidos durante el tratamiento o con un retraso de tres o más semanas para completar el tratamiento). La desnutrición infantil y la historia de migración materna se asociaron significativamente a la adherencia incompleta al tratamiento, lo que a su vez puede conducir a un aumento de la mortalidad. Observamos una mejoría significativa en el éxito terapéutico en 2011-2012 (88%) comparado con el periodo 2006-2010 (67.3%).
Los siguientes cuatro estudios de la tesis contribuyen a caracterizar mejor el problema de la TB pediátrica desde diferentes perspectivas: antropológica, clínica, microbiológica y radiológica. En el cuarto artículo, documentamos que la lesión más frecuentemente encontrada en los casos confirmados y probables de TB en menores de tres años es la consolidación del espacio aéreo, que dificulta la distinción entre la TB y la neumonía bacteriana en niños. La linfadenopatía hiliar (el patrón típico radiológico de la TB pediátrica), fue la segunda lesión más común, pero sólo detectada en una minoría de casos y podría explicarse por la alta prevalencia de VIH y la desnutrición de la población. Estos resultados ponen de relieve las dificultades para diagnosticar la TB en ausencia de confirmación bacteriológica y la necesidad de combinar la información clínica, radiológica y epidemiológica. Este estudio pone de relieve la importancia de no descartar la TB a pesar de la ausencia de hallazgos radiológicos característicos y la necesidad de mejora de los scores diagnósticos en la población pediátrica.
Esta tesis subraya de relieve el desafío que plantea, a la hora de diagnosticar la TB, el frecuente aislamiento de micobacterias no tuberculosas (MNT) en las muestras pediátricas de esputo o jugo gástrico. Esto conlleva varias implicaciones. En primer lugar, en los países de alta carga de TB donde los métodos moleculares no suelen estar disponibles y el diagnóstico aún se basa en la baciloscopía, este aislamiento es fácilmente interpretado erróneamente como un caso de TB, lo que puede suponer una sobreestimación de la carga de enfermedad. Por otro lado, a la hora de diseñar los “endpoints” de ensayos clínicos de nuevas vacunas contra la TB, es importante considerar la epidemiología de las MNT en niños, incluyendo su exposición medioambiental. Finalmente, parece existir una posible asociación entre las MNT y la reducción de la eficacia de la vacuna Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) que necesita de mayor investigación.
En el quinto artículo de esta tesis, reportamos una tasa de aislamiento de MNT en las muestras de aspirado gástrico y esputo inducido de niños con sospecha de TB de 26%. La distribución de las especies de fue similar a lo reportado en Sudáfrica: Mycobacterium intracellulare fue la micobacteria aislada con mayor frecuencia, seguida de M. scrofulaceum y M. gordonae. En nuestra cohorte, las MNT parecían no tener relevancia clínica: ninguno de los casos recibió tratamiento específico para MNT y la mortalidad a los 2 años fue comparable a la presentada por los casos con cultivo negativo. Además, la proporción de niños con MNT aisladas en las visitas de seguimiento fue similar a la proporción aislada en la primera vista, independientemente del resultado del cultivo inicial. En comparación con los niños en los que se aisló Mycobacterium tuberculosis, aquellos con MNT presentaban menos sintomatología clínica y radiológica, así como una menor mortalidad.
El documento siguiente es una revisión de las MNT en la población infantil. Se trata de la primera revisión en analizar detenidamente el rol de las MNT en niños con una perspectiva de salud pública en países donde la TB es endémica. La revisión ha puesto de manifiesto que todavía hay muchas lagunas en determinadas áreas de conocimiento, en particular con respecto a la epidemiología de las MNT en países con alta carga de TB. Otras áreas identificadas donde se necesita mayor investigación son: la comprensión de la interacción entre el patógeno MNT y el huésped (incluyendo el efecto de la exposición a MNT sobre la eficacia de la BCG); el desarrollo de nuevas pruebas así como estrategias diagnósticas que permitan el correcto diagnóstico de la TB y NTM en los países de bajos recursos; el desarrollo de guías clínicas que incluyan criterios de tratamiento específico para el niño y el desarrollo de nuevos regímenes de menor duración para el tratamiento de la MNT.
En el último artículo, presentamos los resultados de un estudio cualitativo cuyo objetivo es describir las interpretaciones locales de los signos, etiología, transmisión y prevención de la TB pediátrica. Los resultados de este estudio indican que los cuidadores de niños pequeños presentan en general un bajo nivel de conocimiento sobre la tuberculosis infantil. Muy pocos de ellos sospechaban de que la TB pudiera ser la causa de los síntomas de los niños, incluso a pesar de tener ellos antecedentes de TB. Existe una percepción local de que la TB es una enfermedad de adultos y no infantil. Por otro lado, la TB se interpreta con frecuencia como el resultado de la transgresión de determinados ritos sociales y culturales de purificación. Sin embargo, los procedimientos de diagnóstico pediátrico son altamente aceptados y tolerados. Este estudio mostró además que el comportamiento de búsqueda de cuidados de salud en relación con el tratamiento de TB parece seguir un itinerario circular y complejo entre los sistemas de atención sanitaria convencional y los tradicional. Los resultados de este estudio son útiles para poder informar a las campañas de promoción de la salud con un enfoque en la prevención de los retrasos en el inicio de tratamiento y su adherencia.
Más allá de los objetivos específicos de esta tesis, los estudios reportados muestran una mejoría significativa tanto en la TDC como en el éxito de la TB en niños pequeños del distrito de Manhiça entre el periodo 2011-2012 y el período anterior (2006-2010). El avance se debe en parte a la mejora progresiva en los servicios de salud tanto de la TB como el VIH. Sin embargo también sugieren que en un ámbito semi rural de África subsahariana con alta carga de VIH y TB, el diagnóstico de la tuberculosis infantil, la TDC y los resultados de tratamiento pueden mejorar lo suficiente como para alcanzar los objetivos de erradicación de TB.
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Waterhouse, Rachel. "Gender dimensions of land policy in contemporary Mozambique : a case study of Ndixe village, Marracuene District, southern Mozambique." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8758.
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Bibliography: leaves 269-288.In this thesis, I set out to investigate women's rights to the land and how these are shaped by gender relations. I investigate the meaning and significance of 'customary' tenure in the present day context, some 25 years after Independence and after the end of 16 years of armed conflict in the countryside. I ask to what extent customary norms are still practised and whether or not they disadvantage women? I also challenge the premises of neo-liberal theory underwriting the current land policy and on-going proposals for land reform: namely that increased tenure security can be guaranteed by formal law, that this will encourage investment and thus 'alleviate' rural poverty. These assumptions are explicit in the National Land Policy, which ostensibly aims to 'alleviate poverty' and 'promote growth with equity' through ensuring land tenure security for family and private sector investors, whilst liberalising transactions in land. My investigation sets out from the premise that land tenure arrangements in any society are deeply embedded in the existing socio-economic context [Peters 1987; Bassett 1993] and that these inform and are informed by gender relations. Gender roles and identities are seen here as learned and negotiated, but they are negotiated from different positions of power by women and men [Archer l992; Agarwal 1994; Kandiyoti 1998]. I further assume that custom is not a static edifice but a changing and flexible social institution that is shaped by historical events and individual interpretations [Hobsbawm & Ranger 1983]. Based on these assumptions, I take a theoretical approach which draws on the work of social scientists such as Anthony Giddens [1979, 1982, 1984] and Ernesto Laclau [Laclau & Moulfe 1985; Laclau 1990], as well as recent feminist literature (see Chapter Two), in seeking to resolve the tension between structure and agency in sociological analysis. My research involves an exploration of the competing theories underlying land policy changes, from colonial time to the present. l argue that, despite radically different strategies, the current neo-liberal as well as the former colonial and then socialist approaches to rural development in Mozambique adhere to a modernisation paradigm that privileges material accumulation. By the same token, it devalues the reproductive and subsistence labour predominantly performed by women. I argue that an analysis of gendered power relations has been largely missing from analyses of land tenure and agrarian policy. This has negative implications for the likely achievement of the Governments current policy goals, namely those of achieving 'growth with equity'. Against this background, the principal focus of my research is a case study in one rural village, Ndixe, in Marracuene District of southern Mozambique. Through the case study, I seek to understand the gender dimensions of land access and control in the current period.
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Matola, Mabunda Matilde Francisco. "Caracterización de las gallinas indígenas de Mozambique." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400609.
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La presente tesis se centra en el estudio de las gallinas indígenas de Mozambique y consta de tres trabajos que caracterizan: (l) las formas de crianza en el sector rural, (2) la morfológica de las aves y (3) la producción y reproducción, calidad de la carne y de los huevos de estas aves y sus posibles mejoras mediante cruces. En el primer estudio se encuestaron a 162 criadores de Maputo, Gaza e Inhambane. En las 3 zonas el sistema de producción es muy similar; pequeños grupos de hasta 20 aves en libertad, con una alimentación basada principalmente en lo que las gallinas encuentran por sí mismas en el campo y cuidadas por las mujeres (82%). Las gallinas suelen realizar 3 ciclos productivos/año (54%), produciendo entre 11 y 15 huevos/ciclo (62%). No hay acceso a asistencia veterinaria y la enfermedad de Newcastle es la principal patología (100%). Para la caracterización morfológica se analizaron 87 aves de ambos sexos pertenecientes a dos linajes, el plumaje rizado (IR) y el liso (IL), en las que se describieron los colores del plumaje, características morfológicas de la cabeza y las patas y se tomaron 25 medidas zoométricas. Ambos linajes presentaron una gran variedad de colores de plumaje y suelen presentar la cresta sencilla (>87%) con 3 o 4 dientes. Los gallos presentan la cara roja (84%) y con arrugas (73%) y orejillas rojas (>78%) mientras que las gallinas las tienen rosadas (80% cara y >50% orejillas) y sin arrugas (100%). El color de pico más frecuente es el crema (>50%) y el de los tarsos el amarillo (>63%). Con respecto a las medidas zoométricas evaluadas, todas mostraron diferencias entre sexos excepto la anchura del ojo, indicando un acentuado dimorfismo sexual. Tras evaluar todos los parámetros no se han encontrado diferencias importantes y los coeficientes de variación se han mostrado muy elevados, lo que indica una gran heterogeneidad de la población y la inexistencia de grupos raciales distintos. En el tercer estudio se utilizaron 607 pollitos, pertenecientes a 4 linajes genéticos: IR, IL y dos cruces (IL x línea comercial), línea materna indígena (F1m) y línea paterna indígena (F1p), para su caracterización productiva y reproductiva que estuvieron de 21 a 72 semanas de edad en 4 tratamientos (jaulas individuales, corral e incubación artificial, corral e incubación natural y manejo extensivo). Se evaluaron la canal y la carne de 5 gallinas y 5 gallos de cada linaje y la calidad de 50 huevos de cada linaje. Tanto en machos como en hembras, las indígenas IL proporcionaron índices de crecimiento mejores que las IR. Los linajes cruzados fueron superiores a los indígenas en todos los parámetros, y entre estos el F1m fue el que proporcionó mejores índices. Los cruzados presentaron un mayor rendimiento de pechuga que los indígenas. El pH de la carne del linaje F1m fue superior al resto de los grupos, la actividad del agua en los dos linajes indígenas y los 4 linajes presentaron carnes con un enrojecimiento acentuado. La producción, peso y eficiencia de transformación del alimento en huevos, fue superior en los linajes cruzados que en los indígenas, no observándose diferencias significativas dentro de cada grupo. El grosor de la cáscara presentó diferencias significativas, aunque la resistencia a la rotura no y la calidad interna de los huevos fue mejor en la línea F1p. En los tratamientos con incubación natural, los linajes indígenas presentaron más ciclos, pero de menor duración, que los cruzados. Las tasas de fertilidad y de eclosión fueron mejores en las gallinas IL, que los mantuvieron elevados en todos los tratamientos. Finalmente, las IR presentaron una elevada mortalidad embrionaria.This thesis focuses on the study of indigenous chickens from Mozambique and consists of three works that characterize: (1) Ways of raising chickens in rural areas, (2) chicken morphology and (3) production and reproduction, quality of the meat and eggs of these chickens and their potential for improvement through cross-breeding. In the first study, 162 breeders from Maputo, Gaza and Inhambane were surveyed. In all zones the production system is very similar; consisting of small groups of up to 20 chickens in a free range system, basically fed on what they find themselves in the field and cared on by women (82%). Chickens usually have 3 productive cycles/year (54%), producing between 11 and 15 eggs/cycle (62%). There were no access to veterinary assistance and Newcastle disease was the main pathology (100%). For morphological characterization, 87 birds of both sexes belonging to two lineages, frizzled feather (IR) and normal feathered (IL) were analysed the colours of plumage, morphological characteristics of the head and legs, and 25 zoometric measures. Both lineages presented a great variety of plumage colouring and usually present a simple crest (> 87%) with 3 or 4 teeth. Roosters have red faces (84%) with wrinkles (73%) and red ears (> 78%) while hens have pink (80% face and > 50% ears) without wrinkles (100%). The most frequent peak colour is cream (> 50%) and yellow tarsi (> 63%). Regarding the zoometric measures evaluated, all showed differences between sexes except the width of the eye, indicating a marked sexual dimorphism. After evaluating all the parameters, no significant differences were found and the coefficients of variation were very high, indicating a great heterogeneity of the population and absence of distinct racial groups. In the third study 607 chicks were used, belonging to 4 genetic lineages: IR, IL and two crosses (IL x commercial line), indigenous maternal line (F1m) and indigenous paternal line (F1p), for their productive and reproductive characterization from 21 to 72 weeks of age in 4 poultry management systems (individual cages, poultry corral and artificial incubation, poultry corral and natural incubation and extensive management). Characteristics of carcass and meat of 5 hens and 5 roosters of each lineage and the quality of 50 eggs of each lineage were evaluated. In both males and females, indigenous IL lineage provided better growth rates than IR. The cross-breeds were superior to the indigenous in all parameters, and among these the F1m provided the best indices. The cross-breeds presented a higher yield of breast than the indigenous. The pH of F1m was higher compared to all groups, water activity in the two indigenous lineages and the 4 lineages presented marked meat redness. The production, weight and efficiency of food processing in eggs were superior in cross-bred lineages than in indigenous ones, no significant differences were observed within each group. Shell thickness showed significant differences, even though and the internal quality of eggs was better in the line F1p but the resistance to hatch were similar among groups. In natural incubation the indigenous lineages presented more cycles, however, with shorter duration than the cross-breeds. Fertility and hatching rates were better in IL chickens, in all production systems. Finally, IR presented high embryo mortality.
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Neil-Tomlinson, Barry. "The Mozambique Chartered Company 1892 to 1910." Thesis, Online version, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.261071.
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Karlsson, Frida, and Mona Mansour. "Cashews by SMS : An implementation in Mozambique." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-842.
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Abstract
Title Cashews by SMS – an implementation in Mozambique
Problem
Innovation is described by Tidd, Bessant and Pavitt (2005) as the core
process within organisations associated with renewal and as generic
activity associated with survival and growth. Yet many organisations
fail to realise the benefits of adopting an innovation. Which the theory will show this is most likely due to a problem with one certain phase in the innovation process: the implementation.
Purpose
The purpose with this academic paper is by a practical example
illustrate the risks and problems one can come across in an
implementation and the consequences of this. We also intend to give
suggestion on how it is possible to restart an implementation process
when the process once has failed.
Research questions
Why has marketAlerts failed to be implemented in Mozambique?
How should IPEX resume the implementation of marketAlerts?
Methodology
Ethnographical approach.
Conclusion
Our conclusion is that the Institute for Export Promotion (IPEX) has
managed to adopt marketAlerts but has failed to implement it in their
daily work mainly due to the fact that they only completed the
acquiring phase. The failure is due to a combination of hierarchy, lack of interest and absents of routines for sending marketAlerts. In order for IPEX to make the best use of marketAlerts we believe that they have to go back and start from the executing phase and implement the service once again.
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Guerois, Rozenn. "A grammar of Cuwabo (Bantu P34, Mozambique)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20032.
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Le cuwabo est une langue bantoue parlée par plus de 800.000 locuteurs au Nord-Est du Mozambique. Elle est répertoriée sous le code P34 selon la classification de Guthrie et appartient donc au groupe makhuwa (P30). Le cuwabo se divise en cinq variétés: le cuwabo central, le karungu, le mayindo, le nyaringa, et le manyawa. Ce travail se base sur le cuwabo central parlé dans le district de Quelimane. Des données de première main ont pu être collectées auprès d’une dizaine de locuteurs, lors de trois terrains réalisés entre 2011 et 2013, totalisant 10 mois. Cette thèse fournit une description grammaticale de la langue couvrant en détail les domaines de la phonologie et de la morphosyntaxe. La phonologie comprend deux chapitres : le premier est dédié à la phonologie segmentale tandis que le deuxième analyse le fonctionnement du système tonal de la langue. Notons que le cuwabo est l’unique langue P30 ayant retenu un ton lexical contrastif sur les thèmes lexicaux et verbaux. Morphologiquement, le syntagme nominal est dominé par un riche système d’accords des classes nominales, typique dans les langues bantoues. Le verbe cuwabo a une morphologie de type agglutinant, qui renferme un riche système de Temps-Aspect-Mode combinant préfixes et suffixes finaux. Il convient de noter l’existence de plusieurs enclitiques selon les constructions (enclitiques locatifs, enclitiques pronoms personnels dans les relatives, enclitiques comitatif ou instrumental). Enfin, la syntaxe s’étend sur trois chapitres : le premier s’intéresse aux constructions prédicatives verbales et non-verbales ; le deuxième s’intéresse aux constructions relatives et à la formation des questions ; le dernier aborde la question de l’ordre des constituants en lien avec la structure informationnelle. Les domaines préverbaux et postverbaux sont examinés, ainsi que leur interaction avec le marquage morphologique sur le verbe qui distingue les formes conjointes et les formes disjointes. L’annexe de cette thèse compile sept textes, glosés et traduits, qui permettent d’illustrer en contexte un grand nombre d’items grammaticaux présentés dans les chapitres descriptifsCuwabo is a Bantu language, spoken by more than 800,000 people (INE 2007) in the north-eastern part of Mozambique. It is numbered P34 in Guthrie’s classification, and thus belongs to the P30 Makhuwa group. Cuwabo can be subdivided into five main varieties: central Cuwabo, Karungu, Mayindo, Nyaringa, and Manyawa. This work is based on central Cuwabo spoken in the district of Quelimane. First-hand data were recorded from 10 speakers in the course of three fieldtrips realised between 2011 and 2013, achieving a total duration of 10 months. This thesis provides a grammatical description of the language, covering in detail its phonology and its morphosyntax. Phonology is divided into two chapters: the first is devoted to segmental phonology whereas the second describes the tonal system of the language. Note that Cuwabo is the only P30 language whose nominal and verbal stems have retained a lexical tone contrast. Morphologically, the noun phrase is marked by a rich agreement system ruled by the noun classes, as typical in Bantu. Cuwabo has a highly agglutinative verbal morphology, which conveys a rich Tense-Aspect-Mood system combining both prefixes and final suffixes. Note the existence of several enclitics depending on the constructions (locative enclitics, personal pronoun enclitics in relative clauses, comitative or instrumental enclitics). The last three chapters address syntactic issues: the first presents a description of the basic clause structure, involving verbal and non-verbal predication; the second looks into the relative constructions in close interaction with question formation; the last one investigates word order and information structure in Cuwabo. Preverbal and postverbal constituents are examined, as well as their interaction with the morphological marking on the verb, distinguishing conjoint and disjoint tenses. The appendix contains seven Cuwabo texts glossed and translated into English, which allow to illustrate in context many of the grammatical items presented in the descriptive chapters
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Holm, Camilla. "Maternity home and education center in Mozambique." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122563.
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There is a large indigence for more maternity homes in Mozambique. Pregnant women often have to walk long distances to get assistance giving birth. The conditions are hard to improve because of the shortage of educated staff. The maternity home and education center is a combined program for women in Maputo, Mozambique. The purpose for this is – apart from improving opportunities and help for pregnant women – to create a connection between education and practice so that the pupils can do their practice at the maternity home before working out in the country. The two instances are therefore closely integrated with each other. We want to develop a program that is also long-term giving, a kind of pay-forward effect. The supposed consequence of the pay-forward effect is for graduated women to spread the knowledge to less educated midwifes in the countryside and at a long term improve health care for women.Det finns ett stort behov av fler mödravårdscentraler i Mocambique. Gravida kvinnor går oftast långa sträckor för att få hjälp att föda. Förhållandena är svåra att förbättra i avsaknad av utbildad personal. Mödravårdscentralen och barnmorskeutbildningen är ett kombinerat program för kvinnor i Maputo, Mocambique. Målet med vårt projekt är att hjälpa gravida kvinnor och att skapa ett utbyte mellan utbildning och praktik. Därför är programmen tätt integrerade med varandra. Programmet ska skapa insikt om graviditet, födsel, sexualitet, en slags ”pay-forward effect”. Verkningarna av ”pay-forward” är att utbildade kvinnor ska sprida kunskap till mindre utbildade barnmorskor på landsbygden och på lång sikt bidra till en bättre sjukvård för kvinnor.
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Melin, Wenström Lisa. "Maternity Home and Education Center in Mozambique." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122577.
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There is a large indigence for more maternity homes in Mozambique. Pregnant women often have to walk long distances to get assistance giving birth. The conditions are hard to improve because of the shortage of educated staff. The maternity home and education center is a combined program for women in Maputo, Mozambique. The purpose for this is – apart from improving opportunities and help for pregnant women – to create a connection between education and practice so that the pupils can do their practice at the maternity home before working out in the country. The two instances are therefore closely integrated with each other. We want to develop a program that is also long-term giving, a kind of pay-forward-effect. The supposed consequence of the pay-forward effect is for graduated women to spread the knowledge to less educated midwifes in the countryside and at a long term improve health care for women.Det finns ett stort behov av fler mödravårdscentraler i Mocambique. Gravida kvinnor går oftast långa sträckor för att få hjälp att föda. Förhållandena är svåra att förbättra i avsaknad av utbildad personal. Mödravårdscentralen och barnmorskeutbildningen är ett kombinerat program för kvinnor i Maputo, Mocambique. Målet med vårt projekt är att hjälpa gravida kvinnor och att skapa ett utbyte mellan utbildning och praktik. Därför är programmen tätt integrerade med varandra. Programmet ska skapa insikt om graviditet, födsel, sexualitet, en slags ”pay-forward effect”. Verkningarna av ”pay-forward” är att utbildade kvinnor ska sprida kunskap till mindre utbildade barnmorskor på landsbygden och på lång sikt bidra till en bättre sjukvård för kvinnor.
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Taela, Judite de Fatima Paulo. "Ideas and foreign policy : Mozambique 1975-1995." Thesis, Keele University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397481.
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Bilale, Fernando Jorge Castanheira. "Educational performance in Mozambique : an economic perspective." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1961.
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Thesis (MComm (Economics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.The aim of this study was to analyse educational performance in Mozambique by 1) comparing the determinants of education in developing countries with the situation in country, 2) understanding the supply factors that influence enrolments and education attainment, 3) evaluating the efficiency of the current education system, 4) analysing the importance to education of each of the demand determinants and of school quality on education attainment, and 5) contributing information to assist policy makers with decisions regarding education. Mozambique is one of the poorest countries in the world. More than half of the population lives below the poverty line and the general adult literacy is only 54%. The education system is mainly characterized by weak performance as a whole, high grade repetition, high dropout rates, low survival rates, high pupil-teacher ratios and a low percentage of qualified teachers. In addition to this, there is a great deal of inequality in education achievement by province, place of residence, income group and gender. After this preliminary analysis, chapter II (literature review) highlighted critical inputs and served as a guideline for the following chapters of this study. The dimensions analysed in the followed chapters were: 1) Supply Factors, 2) Demand determinants and 3) School Quality. Chapter III therefore consisted of a descriptive analysis of the most important supply ...
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Seither, Julia. "Migrant networks and political participation in Mozambique." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11538.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThis paper examines the hypothesis that migration might enhance the demand for political improvements both by migrants and migrant’s networks. We use individuallevel survey and behavioral data that were collected during the 2009 elections in Mozambique to show that the proportion of migrants in a village improves the demand for political accountability not only through migrants themselves but also their networks. Whereas the interest in politics is driven by the amount of migrants in the geographical network, the transmission of democratic ideas seems to be fostered by regular contact with migrant households. These results are robust when controlling for self-selection.
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Abbas, Máriam Abdul Gani. "The macroeconomy and agricultural production in Mozambique." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7001.
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Mestrado em EconomiaThe agricultural sector plays a vital role in the development of Mozambique’s economy, so it is important to understand the relation between the macroeconomic environment and this sector. This master thesis examines the relationship between macroeconomic variables and agricultural production in Mozambique, adopting the classical regression model and using bootstrap, with the endogenous variable being total production, regressed in several covariates. The time horizon is from 1980 to 2012. A robust test is undertaken, estimated by a Bayesian model. The empirical results revealed that macroeconomic variables have a significant impact on agricultural production. The variables that had the most impact on agricultural production were area harvested, labor force, interest rate, GDP and exchange rate. Policy implications are derived.
O setor agrícola desempenha um papel muito importante no desenvolvimento da economia moçambicana, sendo assim é importante perceber a relação entre o ambiente macroeconómico e o setor em causa. Esta tese de mestrado examina a relação entre variáveis macroeconómicas e a produção agrícola em Moçambique, adotando um modelo de regressão clássica e usando bootstrap, tendo como variável endógena a produção total, regredida em várias co-variáveis. O horizonte temporal é de 1980 a 2012. É feito um teste de robustez, que é estimado por um modelo Bayesiano. Os resultados empíricos mostraram que as variáveis macroeconómicas têm um impato significativo na produção agrícola. As variáveis que tiveram maior impato na produção agrícola foram a área cultivada, força de trabalho, taxa de juros, PIB (Produto Interno Bruto) e taxa de câmbio. Apresentam-se implicações de políticas.
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Lundberg, Ludvig. "Damage Assessment of Mozambique Flooding Using Sentinel." Thesis, KTH, Geoinformatik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-272396.
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In the past 40 years, floods have become a bane of Mozambique’s inhabitants and economy. The latest of them, caused by the cyclone Idai, has devastated the area resulting in loss of life and property. It was estimated that around 715 000 hectares of farmland was destroyed as a result of the cyclone. The main goal of this thesis was to assess the extent of the flooding and to determine the types of land cover that were affected. This was done in Google Earth Engine, using SAR change detection on Sentinel 1 data to create a mask for the flooded areas, followed by a supervised image classification on Sentinel 2 data to identify the types of land cover that were flooded. Two classifications were done, using imagery from early periods of the country’s plant growing season and later periods of the same season, respectively. The results of both classifications were below standard, with the main problems stemming from difficulties with differentiating between agriculture and roads along with agriculture and vegetation. Multiple ways to improve the results and avoid the errors in future similar projects were discussed, including using multi temporal data and utilizing a road map for the area to create a large amount of training points for the classification. In conclusion, while the results were not as good as was envisioned, the thesis provided ample opportunity to analyze errors and to theorize methods for improving future work.
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Jamaloodien, Shaheen. "The general hydrography of the Mozambique Channel." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6483.
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Bibliography: leaves 107-115.The greater Agulhas Current system is believed to form a key link in the global ocean circulation since it is the inter-ocean conduit for warm Indian Ocean water to the Atlantic Ocean. This system has been thought to derive its water from the South Equatorial Current via two sources: the Mozambique Current, and secondly, the East Madagascar Current. In spite of their global significance surprisingly few observations have been made in these source regions. In March 2000 a multidisciplinary cruise, the first one in 25 years, the Agulhas Current Sources Experiment (ACSEX-1) was carried out in the Mozambique Channel. The main aim of the ACSEX-1 cruise was to establish the existence, trajectory and hydrographic structure of the Mozambique Current. The use of satellite altimetry and numerical modeling revealed high mososcale activity in the Mozambique Channel. Thus guided by real-time altimetric data, the cruise sections intersected the main regions of high mesoscale activity in the centre of the Channel. From this dataset we are now able to determine whether the Mozambique Current is a continuous current or whether it exists merely of a train of eddies, as the altimetric data suggest.
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Morgan, Glenda Nadine. "Reform and democracy in Mozambique, 1983-1991." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003019.
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Africa is currently experiencing a movement toward more democratic systems of government. The causes of such changes are numerous, but the literature on African democratization, like that on similar changes elsewhere in the world, places emphasis on the role of internal or domestic factors. The role of international pressures toward democratization is almost completely ignored. The case of Mozambique illustrates the dangers of such an omission. During the past decade Mozambique has undergone considerable political change. The single-party, Marxist-Leninist oriented state has been replaced by a multi-party system, devoid of explicit references to any guiding ideology. The government has also expanded its contacts with the West, particularly by means of its assuming membership of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. These changes in Mozambique's political orientation have been accompanied by economic reforms, designed to arrest the precipitous decline in the Mozambican economy. In this dissertation I argue that the causes of both the economic and political reforms lie in this decline and in the government's need to secure capital and debt relief internationally. In order to do this, the Mozambican government had to change the aspects of its political system which were seen as being unacceptable by the West, in particular the lack of multi-party competition and its overtly Marxist orientation and close ties to socialist countries. Because the reforms had their primary genesis in Mozambique's need for international acceptance and not in the growth of popularly based democratic organisations, the reforms are fragile and their meaningfulness questionable.
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Dias, Maria da Conceicao Loureiro. "Quality management in higher education in Mozambique." Thesis, Bangor University, 1998. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/quality-management-in-higher-education-in-mozambique(8b6a2ab3-e3aa-43a4-9448-b9a975c89b7c).html.
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This thesis concerns ideas and practices about quality assurance systems, quality enhancement and performance indicators in higher education. The quality of higher education is important in a country's economic and social development and its enhancement is a major objective of any higher education system. There has been an increasing demand for institutions of higher education to be accountable and make their activities more transparent to their consumers and to society as a whole. Therefore, institutions have become more explicit about their aims and the methods used to achieve such aims. Also, the monitoring of inputs, processes and outcomes of a University has now become widely accepted. The context for the study of quality management in higher education is the 'Eduardo Mondlane' University (UEM) in Mozambique. This thesis aims to analyse the quality assurance procedures currently in existence at 'Eduardo Mondlane' University (UEM), to examine recent and ongoing efforts to build capacity, to consider a range of options for increased efficiency and effectiveness, and to make recommendations for quality management at UEM. Examples of British Universities already engaged in quality assurance initiatives are analysed and their relevance to UEM is discussed. This thesis comprises nine chapters. The first chapter contextualizes the thesis by considering the historical background to Mozambique. Chapters two and three discuss styles and strategies of managing quality, and ways of monitoring the performance of educational institutions. Chapter four examines arrangements in selected U.K. Universities for quality assurance. Chapters five to eight outline the methodology used to collect the research evidence and discuss the main results from the survey research conducted at UEM. Four main aspects of quality assurance at UEM form the focus of the research: the quality assurance of admission procedures, the quality assurance of teaching and learning, the quality assurance of student development and support, and a framework for quality enhancement. The concluding chapter presents a summary of the main findings as well as recommendations for quality enhancement at UEM. A list of performance indicators is provided along with suggestions for further research on quality assurance at UEM.
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Da, Silva José Julião. "Tourisme et développement : les enjeux du Mozambique." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT5046.
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Classé dans le groupe des pays les moins avancés, le Mozambique voit dans le tourisme une alternative de développement fortement soutenue par la communauté internationale avec la Banque Mondiale, L'union Européenne. . . Des investissements importants se traduisent par une augmentation de l'offre d'hébergement et de restauration. Il s'agit d'un développement sur lequel le Mozambique, avec seulement son espace, ses aménités et sa main d'oeuvre "bon marché", n'a pas la maîtrise. L'Afrique du Sud en est le principal investisseur ainsi que le premier pays émetteur de touristes. C'est un tourisme de proximité à un point tel que l'on peut considérer le Mozambique comme une extension du tourisme sud-africain. Dans ce contexte, la lutte pour la réduction de la pauvreté est un prétexte pour attirer des investissements. La situation pose problème lorsque cette priorité est recherchée aux dépens de la loi et règlements, ce qui génère des actions désordonnées avec des conséquences négatives et des résultats limitésClassifies as one of the least developped countries, Mozambique regards Tourism as an alternative of development, stringly sustained by the international community as well as the World Bank, the European Union. . . As a result of important investments, there is an increase in accommodation and restaurant facilities. With regards to this development, Mozambique only contributes with space, amenities and cheap labour, which the country does not fully control. South Africa is the main investor and main source of tourists. This tourism lies in the proximity of these two countries in such a way that Mozambique can be regarded as an extension of South African tourism. In this context, the fight for the reduction of poverty is another pretext to attract investments. This situation becomes a problem when this priority is done to the detriment of laws and rules, which cause disorderly actions with negative consequences and limited results
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Cau, Boaventura Manuel. "The role of traditional authorities in rural local governance in Mozambique: case study of the community of Chirindzene." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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This study is about the place of traditional authorities in local level land administration and rural governance in contemporary Mozambique. It came about as a result of the publication of the Decree 15/2000 that recognised traditional authorities after their abolition more than 20 years earlier. This study seeks to examine four inter-related themes: the role of traditional authorities in local level land administration in Mozambiquewhy the government recognised traditional authorities in the year 2000 after having abolished them more than 20 years earlier
whether the recognition of hereditary traditional authorities is consistent with principles of democracy
and lastly to investigate whether the practices taking place on the ground are an expression of democracy as envisaged by the country&rsquo
s constitution.
The study is based on documental research on the subject, as well as on fieldwork in the community of Chirindzene, Gaza Province in Southern Mozambique. It argues that generalisations about the role of traditional authorities in local level land administration may be misleading. Drawing from the case study in Chirindzene, it shows that it was only the lowest level of the traditional authority structure (the lineage level) that continued having influence in land allocation and distribution after independence in this area. With regard to the recognition of traditional authorities, the study argues that an appreciation of the changing global context is important to understand this dramatic shift. The study argues that the Decree 15/2000 and its regulations are weakening the democratic experience initiated in 1970s by allowing rural populations be ruled by hereditary rulers who are not elected. For this reason, the rural population does not enjoy full citizenship rights because they are ruled by both elected structures and appointed ones.
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Ferreiro, Campbell Fernando. "Arquitectura y emergencias : proyecto participativo de diseño y construcción de refugios elevados para zonas inundables, Río Limpopo, Provincia de Gaza, Mozambique - África." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/111719.
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Memoria (arquitecto)No autorizado por el autor para ser publicada a texto completo
Entre los países de África Austral, Mozambique históricamente ha sido el más afectado por desastres causados por eventos naturales. En los últimos 20 años4 más de 8 millones de Mozambiqueños han soportado de forma recurrente situaciones de emergencia y crisis de desplazados internos. A fines de 1999, el adelanto de la temporada de lluvias elevó el nivel de varios ríos sobre sus caudales normales, cuando en febrero del año 2000 los ciclones Eline y Gloria, con una trayectoria poco usual, tocaron tierra en la zona centro sur del país. Las nuevas lluvias afectaron la cuenca del río Limpopo y sus afluentes, causando las mayores inundaciones en los últimos 50 años. El resultado: gran destrucción de infraestructuras publica, viviendas y cultivos. Alrededor de 700 muertes a causa de las inundaciones y otro número no contabilizado a causas del cólera y la malaria. Más de 650 mil refugiados medio-ambientales5 fueron desplazados a través de rescates y evacuaciones masivas. El gobierno, sobrepasado por el estado de emergencia, apeló por el apoyo de la comunidad internacional. En la fase de reconstrucción, 43.400 familias, cerca de 200.000 personas, fueron reasentadas en zonas elevadas lejos del peligro de las subidas del rio, sin embargo esta solución generó una nueva amenaza: las sequías. Los planes centralizados de reasentamiento se tornan insustentables por los altos costos generados al Estado y la baja adhesión por parte de los campesinos, que atraídos por las tierras fértiles de las zonas bajas, regresan a sus antiguos asentamientos, quedando nuevamente expuestos a las inundaciones.
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Macamo, Baltazar. "Conservation et valorisation du patrimoine sonore du Mozambique." Lyon 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO33025.
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A travers la bibliographie disponible et la recherche de terrain dans les archives de phonogrammes au Mozambique, nous avons étudié le contexte historique des traditions du Mozambique. Pour ce faire, nous avons interrogé nos sources sur les connaissances anthropologiques transmises à travers les chants et les musiques du Mozambique. Avec cette recherche nous voudrions amener les phonogrammes (recueillis depuis 1953 et jusqu'aux années 1982) à constituer l'objet des projets documentaires pour l'histoire culturelle du Mozambique. Ce travail a consisté, d'une part, en l'observation d'études des chaînes documentaires de phonogrammes en Europe et dans le monde à travers l'Internet et, d'autre part, en l'analyse et la description de la situation de fonds multimédia au Mozambique. En interrogeant l'organisation de chaînes documentaires de phonogrammes et d'images nous avons par conséquent posé la question de l'accès aux contenus de fonds audiovisuels du Mozambique. En outre, nous avons aussi cherché à retracer le contexte historique et culturel de la production des documents sonores et d'images concernant le Mozambique. Sans un système autonome et efficace pour la ommunication des contenus, emmagasinés dans les dépôts des archives, il est difficile de concevoir la valorisation du patrimoine culturel et multimédia du Mozambique. Le choix de supports modernes adaptables à l'évolution technologique permanente va favoriser la valorisation des archives. Quels rapports peut-on établir entre la dimension sociale, économique et politique du Mozambique et la situation des archives sonores (et multimédia) ? Peut-être que l'élaboration d'un système de conservation et de valorisation du patrimoine sonore et multimédia du Mozambique devrait faire partie aussi des projets de développementThrough available bibliography and research in phonograms archives, in Mozambique, we studied the proper context of Mozambique's traditions. We questioned our sources about the anthropological knowledge transmitted through Mozambican songs and music. With that research we wish phonograms (records from 1953 to 1982) will become the subject of (future) library projects about the cultural history of Mozambique. This worked entailed, on the one hand, an internet based research on various studies on library systems in Europe and worldwide, and, on the other hand, an evaluation of the state of the non-books capital of Mozambique. We also tried to redraw the historical and cultural context of images and sound documents production for Mozambique. Referring to the organisation of images and phonograms, we came to raise the question of access to the multimedia capital of Mozambique. Without an autonomous and efficient system to communicate the contents stocked in archives deposits, it becomes difficult to promote the valorization of Mozambique's cultural and audiovisual heritage. The choice of modern storage media adaptable to the constant technologic evolution will facilitate the valorization of the archives. What relations can we establish between the social, economical and political dimensions of Mozambique and the state of sound (and multimedia) archives ? Perhaps the elaboration of a conservation and valorization system for Mozambique's sound and multimedia heritage should be integrated into development projects