Journal articles: 'Mr. Downs'

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Lichter, Allan F. "Bouncing Back." New England Journal of Entrepreneurship 5, no. 2 (March 1, 2002): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/neje-05-02-2002-b003.

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As on previous occasions, the editors of the New England Journal of Entrepreneurship have sought to interview local small businessowners as well as entrepreneurs who have national reputations. One such small business operator is Allan Lichter, coowner of Millennium Graphics in Bridgeport, Connecticut. Mr. Lichterʼs story is certainly unique to him and to his partner, but readers may resonate with portions of this story as to how challenging it can be to surmount the ups and downs of the business cycle.

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Pohl, Paulina. "Filmowe asamblaże. Analiza stylu wizualnego Wesa Andersona." Panoptikum, no. 19 (June 30, 2018): 159–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/pan.2018.19.11.

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Within the last 15 years, Wes Anderson has become one of the most recognizable American directors. From his debut Bottle Rocket to his last movie Isle of Dogs, he has built a specific world full of quirky characters, fancy items, all engulfed in a particularly idiosyncratic visual style. The article tries to point out that the dominance of Anderson’s cinema is precisely his visual style and creation of a cinematic space. The visual perspective seems to be the most suitable and, at the same time, prolific to analyse his filmography. The article investigates Anderson’s way of building mise-en-scène. How does he use symmetrical frames, closed composition, or scenographic elements, what is the point of all this hassle? However, the most essential angle is strictly connected to production studies – creating space in pre-production (break-downs, storyboards, location hunting), which defines the style of Anderson. The article traces differences between production and design in his feature films and the animated Fantastic Mr Fox and Isle of Dogs. Seeking hyper realistic locations, spending most of the budget on authentic World War II ships or simply adapting interiors – those cases will help to dwell in the cinematic mind of the American director. Finally, the paper tries to prove that analysing the production side can tell us a huge amount about Anderson’s visual style and world-building.

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de Bodman, Florent, and Pamela R. Bennett. "MR. SECRETARY, TEAR DOWN THIS WALL." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 8, no. 2 (2011): 441–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x11000427.

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AbstractRacial segregation has been a persistent feature of the American social landscape and a longstanding contributor to racial inequality, particularly between Blacks and Whites. Affirmative action policies have been used to address the systemic discrimination and attendant socioeconomic consequences to which African Americans have been subjected. Yet affirmative action has not been widely used in all domains in which segregation and systemic discrimination occurred. Although such policies have been adopted in the domains of employment and postsecondary education, few federal affirmative action programs have been used in housing. This is surprising given high levels of segregation across the metropolitan United States, as well as the stated integrative objectives of the U.S. Congress when it passed the Fair Housing Act of1968. To understand this puzzle, we use the Gautreaux Assisted Housing Program, a housing mobility effort of the Federal government and the Chicago Housing Authority that used explicit racial criteria, as a surrogate for affirmative action in housing more broadly. We conduct a comparative analysis of Gautreaux and affirmative action in college admissions using insights from applied political philosophy and sociology. By confronting Gautreaux with a more traditional affirmative action program, we are able to identify and compare the judicial, moral, and instrumental justifications for each, enabling us to draw conclusions about whether and how affirmative action can justifiably be used on a large scale to reduce neighborhood segregation, the possible forms it could take, and the difficulties it would face. We close with a discussion of the recent shift toward integration taken by the Department of Housing and Urban Development under the Obama administration, its relationship to affirmative action, and its implications for declines in residential segregation in the United States.

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Guterl, Fred. "Mr. Clinton, Put Down that Watering Can." Scientific American 268, no. 6 (June 1993): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0693-28.

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Magdoff, Harry. "The Clock Slows Down." Monthly Review 47, no. 2 (June 2, 1995): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-047-02-1995-06_2.

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Magdoff, Harry. "The Clock Slows Down." Monthly Review 69, no. 5 (October 4, 2017): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-069-05-2017-09_4.

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Despite its inherent hazard of excess capacity, capitalism is distinguished by the vast, long-run expansion of its productive forces. How come? To answer this, we need to move from theory to history.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.

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Legro, Richard S. "Mr. Fertility Authority, Tear Down That Weight Wall!" Human Reproduction 31, no. 12 (October 19, 2016): 2662–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dew253.

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Haggar, A. M., and M. A. Howe. "The looking-down view for pelvic MR imaging." American Journal of Roentgenology 158, no. 3 (March 1992): 693–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.158.3.1739030.

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Adami, C., J. P. Picat, F. Durret, A. Mazure, R. Pelló, and M. West. "Coma cluster object populations down to MR ~ -9.5." Astronomy & Astrophysics 472, no. 3 (July 16, 2007): 749–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20077446.

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Kerawala, Cyrus J. "Down Surgical Prize 2011—Mr Ian C Martin." British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 51, no. 1 (January 2013): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.09.006.

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11

Møller, Anne, Ida Vogel, Olav Bjørn Petersen, and Stina Lou. "Danish Sonographers’ Experiences of the Introduction of “Moderate Risk” in Prenatal Screening for Down Syndrome." Journal of Pregnancy 2018 (October 9, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1646035.

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Objective. The aim of the study was to determine sonographers’ experiences with the introduction of an offer of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) to a new moderate-risk (MR) group at the combined first-trimester prenatal screening (cFTS). Study Design. A qualitative approach consisting of seven semistructured interviews with five sonographers (midwives and nurses). Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Main Outcome Measures. Sonographers’ perception of offering NIPT to women in MR. Results. The sonographers understood NIPT as a positive development in prenatal screening due to a safe procedure and high detection rates for trisomies 13, 18, and 21. Prior to the introduction of MR, the sonographers were concerned about inducing worry in pregnant women in this new risk group. However, the pregnant women responded very positively, which the sonographers attributed to several factors such as the women’s overall reason for participating in prenatal screening, the simplicity of the NIPT procedure, and the communicative strategies used by the sonographers. The strategies included all sonographers using the same words and explanations, emphasizing that statistics were in the women’s favor, initiating the presentation of MR with a positive message, and downplaying the MR category. Conclusion. Sonographers’ communicative strategies succeeded in limiting worry in pregnant women in MR. As such, the findings are valuable for health professionals, who are responsible for communicating about prenatal screening results and diagnostic options.

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12

Leary, Elly. "Immokalee Workers Take Down Taco Bell." Monthly Review 57, no. 5 (October 2, 2005): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-057-05-2005-09_2.

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Cave, Peter. "Mr Turkey and Humpty Dumpty." Think 3, no. 9 (2005): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1477175600002062.

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Look at any investment advertisement and you will encounter: PAST PERFORMANCE IS NO GUIDE TO FUTURE PERFORMANCE. This statement is a tribute to the power of the Financial Services Authority. Let us see how past performance plays with those down on the farm.

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Edinburgh, John Gould. "Down surgical prize 1994: Mr L.D. Finch FRCSED, FDSRCSED." British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 33, no. 2 (April 1995): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-4356(95)90215-5.

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15

Krinsky-McHale, Sharon J., Darlynne A. Devenny, Hong Gu, Edmund C. Jenkins, Phyllis Kittler, Vundavalli V. Murty, Nicole Schupf, et al. "Successful Aging in a 70-Year-Old Man With Down Syndrome: A Case Study." Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 46, no. 3 (June 1, 2008): 215–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/2008.46:215-228.

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Abstract The authors present a case study of a 70-year-old man with Down syndrome (“Mr. C.”) who they followed for 16 years and who does not exhibit declines in cognitive or functional capacities indicative of dementia, despite having well-documented, complete trisomy 21. The authors describe the age-associated changes that occurred over 16 years as well as provide detailed information regarding Mr. C.'s health and genetic status. To further emphasize Mr. C.'s successful aging, the authors compared his longitudinal performance profile with that of 2 peers of comparable level of intellectual functioning: 1 similar-aged man with clinical Alzheimer's disease and a younger man who was healthy. The authors present potential explanations for the phenotypic variability observed in individuals with Down syndrome.

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Wyldes, Mike. "Ultrasound Markers for Down's Syndrome—Dr Jekyll or Mr Hyde." Ultrasound 14, no. 2 (May 2006): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174313406x93612.

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17

Nowicki, Andrzej. "A Voice in Discussion About Mr. Tsung-I Dow's Report." Dialogue and Humanism 4, no. 2 (1994): 231–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/dh199442/320.

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18

Smal, J., J. Closset, G. Hennen, and P. de Meyts. "Receptor-binding and down-regulatory properties of 22000-Mr human growth hormone and its natural 20000-Mr variant on IM-9 human lymphocytes." Biochemical Journal 225, no. 2 (January 15, 1985): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2250283.

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Our earlier binding studies of the 22000- and 20000-Mr variants of human growth hormone (somatotropin) to pregnant-rabbit liver and mammary receptors [Closset, Smal, Gomez & Hennen (1983) Biochem. J. 214, 885-892] suggested that the 20000-Mr variant was a lower-affinity analogue of the 22000-Mr molecule. Since the receptor population in these tissues is not fully characterized, we have now investigated the binding of both variants to the well-characterized and highly specific human-growth-hormone receptor of the human lymphocyte IM-9 cell line. The maximum bindability of radioiodinated 22000- and 22000-Mr to IM-9 cells was 60 and 45% respectively. Both hormone variants have essentially the same binding characteristics: slow association (equilibrium reached in 8-10h at 30 degrees C), poor reversibility (‘tight binding’), linear Scatchard plot, same specificity as shown by lack of competition by bovine, porcine or equine growth hormones or human growth hormone-(32-46)-(missing in the 20000-Mr variant),-(1-134)- and -(141-191)-peptides. Both unlabelled hormones inhibit binding of both tracers completely, with the 20000-Mr variant being only half as potent as the 22000-Mr one. The apparent affinity is 2.8 × 10(9)M-1 for the 22000-Mr variant and 1.6 × 10(9)M-1 for the 20000-Mr variant. This decreased affinity of the 20000-Mr variant appears to be due to a lower association rate constant. Concentrations (5 ng/ml) of the two variants that occupy about 15% of the total sites induce a marked down-regulation of the receptors after 18h incubation, but the 20000-Mr variant (50% decrease) has a smaller effect than the 22000-Mr variant (75% decrease). Thus the only consequence of the residues-32-46 deletion in the 20000-Mr variant is a lower association rate and affinity for the IM-9 lymphocyte human-growth-hormone receptor. The close binding characteristics of the two forms suggest that the known differences in their insulin-like effects cannot be explained by differences in the nature of their interaction with the human-growth-hormone receptor.

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Baynard, Tracy, Viswanath B. Unnithan, Kenneth H. Pitetti, and Bo Fernhall. "Determination of Ventilatory Threshold in Adolescents with Mental Retardation, with and Without Down Syndrome." Pediatric Exercise Science 16, no. 2 (May 2004): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.16.2.126.

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This study evaluated detection of ventilatory threshold (VT) in adolescents with mental retardation (MR) (17 with MR, 13 with MR and Down Syndrome (DS), mean age 17.5 years). Subjects performed an individualized treadmill VO2peak test. Two evaluators reviewed the same VT plots 6 weeks apart, using 5 different methods. VE vs. time elicited the most detectable cases (83%), but significantly fewer youth with DS exhibited a detectable VT using any combination of methods (62% vs. 100%). Only VE vs. time yielded acceptable detection rate, although this may have been influenced by the protocol used. Intra-evaluator correlation coefficients ranged from 0.91-0.97, and interevaluator reliability coefficients ranged from 0.81-0.93. These findings suggest determination of VT is difficult in this population when using an individualized treadmill protocol, especially in adolescents with DS.

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20

Clark, I. M., and T. E. Cawston. "Fragments of human fibroblast collagenase. Purification and characterization." Biochemical Journal 263, no. 1 (October 1, 1989): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2630201.

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On purification, human fibroblast collagenase breaks down into two major forms (Mr22,000 and Mr 27,000) and one minor form (Mr 25,000). The most likely mechanism is autolysis, although the presence of contaminating enzymes cannot be excluded. From N-terminal sequencing studies, the 22,000-Mr fragment contains the active site; differential binding to concanavalin A shows the 25,000-Mr fragment is a glycosylated form of the 22,000-Mr fragment. These low-Mr forms can be separated by Zn2+-chelate chromatography. An activity profile of this column, combined with data from substrate gels, indicates no activity against collagen in the 22,000-Mr and 25,000-Mr forms, but rather, activity casein and gelatin. The 27,000-Mr form has no activity. The 22,000/25,000-Mr form can act as an activator for collagenase in a similar way to that reported for stromelysin. The activity of the 22,000/25,000-Mr form is not inhibited by the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP). The 27,000-Mr C-terminal part of the collagenase molecule therefore appears to be important in maintaining the substrate-specificity of the enzyme, and also plays a role in the binding of TIMP.

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Pitetti, Kenneth H., and Daniel A. Yarmer. "Lower Body Strength of Children and Adolescents with and Without Mild Mental Retardation: A Comparison." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 19, no. 1 (January 2002): 68–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.19.1.68.

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The purpose of this study was to compare children and adolescents (ages 8-18 yr) with and without mental retardation (MR) on isometric strength of knee flexion, knee extension, and combined leg and back strength. Sample size of participants with mild MR, but without Down syndrome, was 158 males and 111 females. Sample size of peers without MR was 223 males and 226 females. Analysis was made by gender and age: children (8-10 yr), early adolescents (11-14 yr), and late adolescents (15-18 yr). For all age groups, males and females without MR were significantly stronger than their same-gender peers with MR for all isometric strength measurements. For individuals with MR, the trend toward leveling off or decreasing in leg and back strength is a serious health and social concern.

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Hou, Zhen Ning, Zhi Min Feng, Hai Gang Hu, and Guang Bin Wu. "Experimental Study on Performance Characteristics of Magnetorheological Damper." Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (November 2010): 439–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.439.

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MR dampers are new kind of the most promising devices for structural vibration control. In this paper, an overview of the structure and working principle of shear-valve mode magnetorheological (MR) damper is given. An experimental study was carried out to test the performance characteristics of a shear-valve mode MR damper, its dynamic testing was performed on a Material Testing System (MTS) under sinusoidal and triangle excitation. Based on experimental data, the dynamic characteristics, energy dissipation and dynamic response time were analyzed. The present work lays down a foundation for MR damper application in the semi-active vibration control system.

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Pulsifer, Margaret B. "The neuropsychology of mental retardation." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2, no. 2 (March 1996): 159–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617700001016.

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AbstractThis critical review examines mental retardation (MR) from a neuropsychological perspective. Competing definitions of MR are discussed and the prevalence is estimated. Descriptions are given of idiopathic MR and the five major identifiable prenatal causes of MR: fetal alcohol syndrome, Down's syndrome, fragile X syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, and Angelman syndrome. Similarities and differences among syndromes are examined. Cognitive deficits common to all disorders were in attention, short-term memory, and sequential information processing, whereas language and visuospatial abilities were varied. Neuroanatomical abnormalities common to all disorders were in the hippocampus and cerebellum; individual disorders typically showed a unique pattern of other neurological abnormalities. Both knowledge of individual MR-related disorders and comparative research between disorders are important for researchers and clinicians. Further research is called for in both areas. (JINS, 1996, 2, 159–176.)

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Yao, L., H.-Y. Lee, A. Gentili, and M. M. Shapiro. "Lateral down-sloping of the acromion: A useful MR sign?" Clinical Radiology 51, no. 12 (December 1996): 869–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-9260(96)80085-7.

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Pitetti, Kenneth H., Daniel A. Yarmer, and Bo Fernhall. "Cardiovascular Fitness and Body Composition of Youth with and without Mental Retardation." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 18, no. 2 (April 2001): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.18.2.127.

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The purpose of this study was to compare the aerobic fitness and body mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents (8-18 yr) with and without mild mental retardation (MR). Sample size of participants with MR but without Down syndrome was 169 males and 99 females. Sample size of participants without MR was 289 males and 317 females. Analysis was made by gender and age: children (8-10 yr); early adolescents (11-14 yr); and late adolescents (15-18 yr). The 20-m shuttle run test (20 MST) was used to assess field test performance and predicted aerobic fitness. For all age groups, females and males without MR ran significantly more laps and had a significantly higher predicted aerobic fitness (V̇O2peak: ml $$ kg-1 $$ min-1) than their peers with MR. Additionally, participants with MR tended to have higher BMI than their peers without MR. The results of this study indicate that children and adolescents with MR have lower exercise capacity, lower aerobic fitness, and higher BMIs than their peers without MR.

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Ratna, K. Sumanth, C. Daniel, Anshika Ram, B. Siva Kumar Yadav, and G. Hemalatha. "Analytical Investigation of MR Damper for Vibration Control: A Review." Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences 11, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2021-0007.

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Abstract In this paper, a vibration control system with magnetorheological (MR) damper investigation is reviewed. At first a MR damper is investigated analytically using various finite element method software and the performance is investigated using experimental. The MR Dampers are designed and modelled for a scaled down setup. The application is in seismic resistance of buildings, automobile, physical and biological. Finally, the damper is investigated using various technique and methods used to study the performance is reviewed. This device reduces the vibration in both active and semi active control system effectively.

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Lu, Qing, Ana P. Davel, Adam P. McGraw, Sitara P. Rao, Brenna G. Newfell, and Iris Z. Jaffe. "PKCδ Mediates Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation by Angiotensin II to Modulate Smooth Muscle Cell Function." Endocrinology 160, no. 9 (August 2, 2019): 2101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2019-00258.

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Abstract Angiotensin II (AngII) and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) ligand aldosterone both contribute to cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension and adverse vascular remodeling. We previously demonstrated that AngII activates MR-mediated gene transcription in human vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), yet the mechanism and the impact on SMC function are unknown. Using an MR-responsive element-driven transcriptional reporter assay, we confirm that AngII induces MR transcriptional activity in vascular SMCs and endothelial cells, but not in Cos1 or human embryonic kidney-293 cells. AngII activation of MR was blocked by the MR antagonist spironolactone or eplerenone and the protein kinase C-δ (PKCδ) inhibitor rottlerin, implicating both in the mechanism. Similarly, small interfering RNA knockdown of PKCδ in SMCs prevented AngII-mediated MR activation, whereas knocking down of MR blocked both aldosterone- and AngII-induced MR function. Coimmunoprecipitation studies reveal that endogenous MR and PKCδ form a complex in SMCs that is enhanced by AngII treatment in association with increased serine phosphorylation of the MR N terminus. AngII increased mRNA expression of the SMC-MR target gene, FKBP51, via an MR-responsive element in intron 5 of the FKBP51 gene. The impact of AngII on FKBP51 reporter activity and gene expression in SMCs was inhibited by spironolactone and rottlerin. Finally, the AngII-induced increase in SMC number was also blocked by the MR antagonist spironolactone and the PKCδ inhibitor rottlerin. These data demonstrate that AngII activates MR transcriptional regulatory activity, target gene regulation, and SMC proliferation in a PKCδ-dependent manner. This new mechanism may contribute to synergy between MR and AngII in driving SMC dysfunction and to the cardiovascular benefits of MR and AngII receptor blockade in humans.

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Op't Hof, J. "Mental retardation: a new challenge." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 6, no. 2 (March 17, 1987): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v6i2.945.

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Although the care of the mentally handicapped in the RSA has improved over the past decades, it has only recently been possible to accurately establish the causes of mental retardation (MR). According to the WHO, the average incidence of severe MR (IQ < 50) is approximately 3-4 per 1 000 of the general population, while mild MR (IQ 50-70) occurs in about 20-30 individuals per 1 000 of the population. Genetic diagnostic investigations by the Genetic Services Division of the Department of National Health and Population Development have shown that the causes of serious MR at a school for white mentally retarded individuals can be divided as: genetic: 46%; non-genetic: 17%; and unknown causes: 37%. Chromosome abnormalities are the most important cause (± 18%) of MR, with Down syndrome and the Martin-Bell syndrome being the most common examples.

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Feng, Yejun, Yishu Wang, D. M. Silevitch, J. Q. Yan, Riki Kobayashi, Masato Hedo, Takao Nakama, et al. "Linear magnetoresistance in the low-field limit in density-wave materials." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 23 (April 11, 2019): 11201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820092116.

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The magnetoresistance (MR) of a material is typically insensitive to reversing the applied field direction and varies quadratically with magnetic field in the low-field limit. Quantum effects, unusual topological band structures, and inhomogeneities that lead to wandering current paths can induce a cross-over from quadratic to linear MR with increasing magnetic field. Here we explore a series of metallic charge- and spin-density-wave systems that exhibit extremely large positive linear MR. By contrast to other linear MR mechanisms, this effect remains robust down to miniscule magnetic fields of tens of Oersted at low temperature. We frame an explanation of this phenomenon in a semiclassical narrative for a broad category of materials with partially gapped Fermi surfaces due to density waves.

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Kanki, Monica, James Morgan, Peter J. Fuller, and Morag Jennifer Young. "Time of Day Regulates Renal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Transcriptional Control of Electrolyte Balance." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A819—A820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1670.

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Abstract The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) has an established role in blood pressure control and cardiovascular homeostasis via many actions in the heart and kidney. We recently identified a role for the MR in controlling the circadian clock in cardiac cells and demonstrated that time-of-day impacts MR activation in the heart. While time dependent behaviours such as upright posture and fluid intake control aldosterone release via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), we hypothesise that the circadian clock controls aldosterone signalling by modifying MR transcriptional outcomes. Two established MR target genes and core circadian clock genes are period 1 (Per1) and period 2 (Per2). We have previously shown that a bolus dose of aldosterone (i.p.) induced cardiac expression of Per1 and Per2 in wildtype mice treated at 8AM (start of rest period) but not when administered at 8PM (start of active period). Whether MR activation in the kidney is similarly dependent on time of day and aligns with MR actions in the heart remains to be assessed. We also sought to determine if the MR directly regulates the molecular clock in a ligand-dependent manner. In contrast to the heart, renal Per1 and Per2 expression was not upregulated at four hours following aldosterone administration at either 8AM or 8PM. Interestingly, aldosterone administered at 8AM, but not at 8PM, significantly down-regulated expression of the circadian clock gene, nuclear receptor reverse strand c-ERBA (ReverbA); ReverbA was not regulated in the heart following aldosterone treatment. Investigation of renal-MR target genes involved in sodium ion transfer, showed a down-regulation of epithelial sodium channel 1 alpha (ENaC-α), by aldosterone administered only at 8AM. Conversely, aldosterone administered at 8AM induced gene expression of FKBP Prolyl Isomerase 5 (Fkbp5), an immunophilin that is important in nuclear trafficking of the MR. These data provide new insights for tissue sensitivity to MR activation in the heart and the kidney, which may play differing roles in contributing to regulating circadian patterns of several cardiovascular and renal parameters. Moreover, our data suggest that in addition to the accepted entrainment role of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the MR may also play a role in the entrainment of the circadian clock in peripheral tissues. Ongoing mechanistic studies will determine whether the MR can directly control the periodicity of the renal cellular clock, as it does in the heart. Key outcomes will be assessed in population databases to determine the clinical relevance of these findings. We propose that understanding of time-of-day dependent vulnerability to MR signalling in the heart versus the kidney may offer the rationale for the development of novel temporal or tissue specific-MR modulators in the management of cardiovascular disease.

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Rimmer, James H., Dave Braddock, and Glenn Fujiura. "Blood Lipid and Percent Body Fat Levels in Down Syndrome versus Non-DS Persons with Mental Retardation." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 9, no. 2 (April 1992): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.9.2.123.

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Little data exist on the comparison of blood lipids and percent body fat between Down Syndrome and non-DS adults with mental retardation (MR). The following study was undertaken to determine if there were physiological and biochemical differences between these two groups. Subjects included 294 non-DS adults with MR (162 males and 132 females) and 31 adults with Down Syndrome (21 males and 10 females). Level of mental retardation was similar for both groups (males/females, Down vs. non-DS). A two-factor ANOVA with a regression approach was used to analyze the data. Results of the study found that there were no significant differences between the Down Syndrome and non-DS subjects on total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, or percent body fat. The present study suggests that the composition of lipoproteins and storage of body fat are similar in Down Syndrome and non-DS adults with mental retardation, and that the risk for developing coronary heart disease appears to be the same for both groups.

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Wu, Si, Yinghao Zhu, Junchao Xia, Pengfei Zhou, Haiyong Ni, and Hai-Feng Li. "Colossal Negative Magnetoresistance Effect in a La1.37Sr1.63Mn2O7 Single Crystal Grown by Laser-Diode-Heated Floating-Zone Technique." Crystals 10, no. 6 (June 26, 2020): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10060547.

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We have grown La 1.37 Sr 1.63 Mn 2 O 7 single crystals with a laser-diode-heated floating-zone furnace and studied the crystallinity, structure, and magnetoresistance (MR) effect by in-house X-ray Laue diffraction, X-ray powder diffraction, and resistance measurements. The La 1.37 Sr 1.63 Mn 2 O 7 single crystal crystallizes into a tetragonal structure with space group I4/mmm at room temperature. At 0 T, the maximum resistance centers around ∼166.9 K. Below ∼35.8 K, it displays an insulating character with an increase in resistance upon cooling. An applied magnetic field of B = 7 T strongly suppresses the resistance indicative of a negative MR effect. The minimum MR value equals −91.23% at 7 T and 128.7 K. The magnetic-field-dependent resistance shows distinct features at 1.67, 140, and 322 K, from which we calculated the corresponding MR values. At 14 T and 140 K, the colossal negative MR value is down to −94.04(5)%. We schematically fit the MR values with different models for an ideal describing of the interesting features of the MR value versus B curves.

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Durtschi, Cindy, and Robert J. Rufus. "Arson or Accident: A Forensic Accounting Case Requiring Critical Thinking and Expert Communication." Issues in Accounting Education 32, no. 1 (November 1, 2015): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace-51350.

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ABSTRACT When a fire destroyed the home of Jeffrey R. Jones, he immediately filed a claim with his insurance company, Gladstone Insurance. Gladstone denied Mr. Jones' claim alleging, among other things, that he had a financial motive to commit arson. To resolve the dispute, Mr. Jones filed a lawsuit against Gladstone for damages, denying the allegation that he had a financial motive to burn down his home. You will act as a team of forensic accountants, hired by either Mr. Jones or Gladstone, to present evidence on Mr. Jones' financial condition at the time of the fire. In addition to writing an expert report, you will have the opportunity to participate in a mock trial during which you will present your opinion and face cross-examination from an opposing team.

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Thounaojam, Menaka C., Folami L. Powell, Sagar Patel, Diana R. Gutsaeva, Amany Tawfik, Sylvia B. Smith, Julian Nussbaum, et al. "Protective effects of agonists of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) in early experimental diabetic retinopathy." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 50 (November 27, 2017): 13248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1718592114.

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The potential therapeutic effects of agonistic analogs of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and their mechanism of action were investigated in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-rats) were treated with 15 μg/kg GHRH agonist, MR-409, or GHRH antagonist, MIA-602. At the end of treatment, morphological and biochemical analyses assessed the effects of these compounds on retinal neurovascular injury induced by hyperglycemia. The expression levels of GHRH and its receptor (GHRH-R) measured by qPCR and Western blotting were significantly down-regulated in retinas of STZ-rats and in human diabetic retinas (postmortem) compared with their respective controls. Treatment of STZ-rats with the GHRH agonist, MR-409, prevented retinal morphological alteration induced by hyperglycemia, particularly preserving survival of retinal ganglion cells. The reverse, using the GHRH antagonist, MIA-602, resulted in worsening of retinal morphology and a significant alteration of the outer retinal layer. Explaining these results, we have found that MR-409 exerted antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in retinas of the treated rats, as shown by up-regulation of NRF-2-dependent gene expression and down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules. MR-409 also significantly down-regulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor while increasing that of pigment epithelium-derived factor in diabetic retinas. These effects correlated with decreased vascular permeability. In summary, our findings suggest a neurovascular protective effect of GHRH analogs during the early stage of diabetic retinopathy through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

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Probst, Sebastian, Gengli Zhang, Miloš Rančić, Vishal Ranjan, Marianne Le Dantec, Zhonghan Zhang, Bartolo Albanese, et al. "Hyperfine spectroscopy in a quantum-limited spectrometer." Magnetic Resonance 1, no. 2 (December 17, 2020): 315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/mr-1-315-2020.

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Abstract. We report measurements of electron-spin-echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) performed at millikelvin temperatures in a custom-built high-sensitivity spectrometer based on superconducting micro-resonators. The high quality factor and small mode volume (down to 0.2 pL) of the resonator allow us to probe a small number of spins, down to 5×102. We measure two-pulse ESEEM on two systems: erbium ions coupled to 183W nuclei in a natural-abundance CaWO4 crystal and bismuth donors coupled to residual 29Si nuclei in a silicon substrate that was isotopically enriched in the 28Si isotope. We also measure three- and five-pulse ESEEM for the bismuth donors in silicon. Quantitative agreement is obtained for both the hyperfine coupling strength of proximal nuclei and the nuclear-spin concentration.

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Munier, Mathilde, Frédéric Law, Geri Meduri, Damien Le Menuet, and Marc Lombès. "Mineralocorticoid Receptor Overexpression Facilitates Differentiation and Promotes Survival of Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neurons." Endocrinology 153, no. 3 (March 1, 2012): 1330–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2011-1436.

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Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), highly expressed in the hippocampus, binds corticosteroid hormones and coordinately participates, with the glucocorticoid receptor, to the control of stress responses, memorization, and behavior. To investigate the impact of MR in neuronal survival, we generated murine embryonic stem (ES) cells that overexpress human MR (hMR) (P1-hMR) and are induced to differentiate into mature neurons. We showed that recombinant MR expression increased throughout differentiation and is 2-fold higher in P1-hMR ES-derived neurons compared with wild-type controls, whereas glucocorticoid receptor expression was unaffected. Although proliferation and early neuronal differentiation were comparable in P1-hMR and wild-type ES cells, MR overexpression was associated with higher late neuronal marker expression (microtubule-associated protein 2 and β-tubulin III). This was accompanied by a shift towards neuron survival with an increased ratio of anti- vs. proapoptotic molecules and 50% decreased caspase 3 activity. Knocking down MR overexpression by small interfering RNA drastically reversed neuroprotective effects with reduced Bcl2/Bax ratio and decreased microtubule-associated protein 2 expression. P1-hMR neurons were protected against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis through reduced caspase 3 activation and drastically increased Bcl2/Bax ratio and β-tubulin III expression. We demonstrated the involvement of MR in neuronal differentiation and survival and identify MR as an important neuroprotective mediator opening potential pharmacological strategies.

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Zhang, Z., Y. Tsuchiya, O. Akiyama, and H. Konno. "An Ultra Low-Power MR*1) Sensor for a Smart Water Meter or a Smart Gas Meter." Key Engineering Materials 543 (March 2013): 418–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.543.418.

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A new ultra low power MR sensor comprising MR elements integrated with Bi-CMOS IC chip, which is optimal for the use in smart water meters and gas meters playing important role in global smart gridization, has been developed. MR elements are configured as a Wheatstone bridge circuit. MR element patterns are placed in the perpendicular configurations as resistive components of the circuit. Those detect the magnetic field applied to X and Y axis respectively, and then outputs either high or low-level electric signal. Optimization of the MR element pattern aspect ratio (ratio of the element length to the element width) and configuration of the two-row parallel MR patterns in a longitudinal direction enable the equivalent current flow in the direction. This provides mutual magnetostatic coupling and cancellation of each demagnetizing field, and led to achieve minimizing the hysteresis of the resistance change rate affected by up and down of the applied magnetic field. Furthermore, this led to the improvement of mutual symmetry for both S to N and N to S direction of the magnetic field. This resulted in enhanced magnetic sensitivity and successfully obtained magnetic sensitivity higher than 0.8kA/m. For the power supply of the MR sensor, external intermittent control was adopted. Furthermore, active (on) time of the MR element was considerably shortened by utilizing the internal circuit of the IC. As a result, the sampling time was shortened to 1μs and the drive current of MR sensor was reduced to 0.3 μA. *1)MR: Magneto-resistance

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Hindmarsh, Bruce. "The Inner Life of Doctrine: An Interdisciplinary Perspective on the Calvinist-Arminian Debate Among Methodists." Church History 83, no. 2 (May 27, 2014): 367–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640714000067.

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A number of years ago I spent time at the John Rylands University Library in Manchester reading the manuscript letters of lay Methodists. One of these was written on May 19, 1740 by a young single mother with two children, offering a moving account of her conversion to Charles Wesley. The writer's name was Margaret Austin. At the end of her letter, just below her signature she added an emphatic postscript that summarized her religious experience: “Awakened by the Reverend Mr. Whitefield: convicted by the Reverend Mr. Jn Wesley: Converted by the Reverend Mr. Charles; for the truth of whose doctrine in the strength of the Lord I am ready to lay down my life.”

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Guerra, Myriam, Kenneth H. Pitetti, and Bo Fernhall. "Cross Validation of the 20-Meter Shuttle Run Test for Adolescents with Down Syndrome." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 20, no. 1 (January 2003): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.20.1.70.

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The purpose of this study was to determine if the regression formula developed for the 20-m shuttle run test (20 MST) for children and adolescents with mild mental retardation (MR), used to predict cardiovascular fitness (V̇O2peak), is valid for adolescents with Down syndrome (DS). Twenty-six adolescents (mean age = 15.3 ± 2.7 yr) with DS (15 males, 11 females) completed a maximal treadmill protocol (measured V̇O2peak) and a 20 MST (predicted V̇O2peak). There was a significant difference (p < .01) between the means of the measured (25.5 ± 5.2 ml·kg-1-·min-1) and the predicted (33.5 ± 3.9 ml·kg-1·min-1) V̇O2peak, respectively. In addition, there was a low relationship between measured and predicted values (r = .54). The results of this study indicate that the regression formula developed for children and adolescents with MR to predict V̇O2peak was not valid in this sample of adolescents with DS.

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Tedeschi, E., C. Iaccarino, E. M. Covelli, A. Rapanà, M. L. Barretta, V. Piscitelli, and G. Belfiore. "MR-Cisternography with T2-Weighted Single-Shot Fast Spin Echo Sequence in the Diagnosis of a Spontaneous CSF Fistula of the Sphenoid Sinus Causing Massive Pneumocephalus." Neuroradiology Journal 21, no. 6 (December 2008): 795–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140090802100607.

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A spontaneous CSF fistula of the sphenoid sinus was preoperatively diagnosed in a young woman presenting with massive pneumocephalus and rhinorrhea. Diagnosis was established by MR cisternography using a heavily T2-weighted 3D single-shot FSE sequence with half-Fourier analysis (3D-EXPRESS®), originally developed for imaging the inner ear. While unenhanced CT failed to detect the site of the fistula, MR permitted complete evaluation of the sellar/sphenoid region and tracked the CSF signal down to the nasal cavity.

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Stolte, Ellen H., Aurélia F. de Mazon, Karen M. Leon-Koosterziel, Maria Jesiak, Nic R. Bury, Armin Sturm, Huub F. J. Savelkoul, B. M. Lidy Verburg van Kemenade, and Gert Flik. "Corticosteroid receptors involved in stress regulation in common carp, Cyprinus carpio." Journal of Endocrinology 198, no. 2 (May 27, 2008): 403–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe-08-0100.

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In higher vertebrates, mineralo- (aldosterone) and glucocorticoids (cortisol/corticosterone) exert their multiple actions via specific transcription factors, glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid (MR) receptors. Teleostean fishes lack aldosterone and mineral regulatory processes seem under dominant control by cortisol. Despite the absence of the classical mineralocorticoid aldosterone, teleostean fishes do have an MR with cortisol and possibly 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC) (as alternative for aldosterone) as predominant ligands. We studied corticoid receptors in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L). Through homology cloning and bioinformatic analysis, we found duplicated GR genes and a single MR gene. The GR genes likely result from a major genomic duplication event in the teleostean lineage; we propose that the gene for a second MR was lost. Transactivation studies show that the carp GRs and MR have comparable affinity for cortisol; the MR has significantly higher sensitivity to DOC, and this favours a role for DOC as MR ligand in fish physiology. mRNA of the GRs and the MR is expressed in forebrain (in pallial areas homologous to mammalian hippocampus), corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) cells in the pre-optic nucleus (NPO) and pituitary pars distalis ACTH cells, three key neural/endocrine components of the stress axis. After exposure to prolonged and strong (not to mild acute) stressors, mRNA levels of both GRs and MR become down-regulated in the brain, but not in the NPO CRH cells or pituitary ACTH cells. Our data predicts a function in stress physiology for all CRs and suggest telencephalon as a first line cortisol target in stress.

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Pippal, Jyotsna B., Yizhou Yao, Fraser M. Rogerson, and Peter J. Fuller. "Structural and Functional Characterization of the Interdomain Interaction in the Mineralocorticoid Receptor." Molecular Endocrinology 23, no. 9 (September 1, 2009): 1360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2009-0032.

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Abstract The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) plays a central role in electrolyte homeostasis and in cardiovascular disease. We have previously reported a ligand-dependent N/C-interaction in the MR. In the present study we sought to fully characterize the MR N/C-interaction. By using a range of natural and synthetic MR ligands in a mammalian two-hybrid assay we demonstrate that in contrast to aldosterone, which strongly induces the interaction, the physiological ligands deoxycorticosterone and cortisol weakly promote the interaction but predominantly inhibit the aldosterone-mediated N/C-interaction. Similarly, progesterone and dexamethasone antagonize the interaction. In contrast, the synthetic agonist 9α-fludrocortisol robustly induces the interaction. The ability of the N/C interaction to discriminate between MR agonists suggests a subtle conformational difference in the ligand-binding domain induced by these agonists. We also demonstrate that the N/C interaction is not cell specific, consistent with the evidence from a glutathione-S-transferase pull-down assay, of a direct protein-protein interaction between the N- and C-terminal domains of the MR. Examination of a panel of deletions in the N terminus suggests that several regions may be critical to the N/C-interaction. These studies have identified functional differences between physiological MR ligands, which suggest that the ligand-specific dependence of the N/C-interaction may contribute to the differential activation of the MR that has been reported in vivo.

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Hudson, N. W., J. M. Kehoe, and P. H. Koo. "Mouse α-macroglobulin. Structure, function and a molecular model." Biochemical Journal 248, no. 3 (December 15, 1987): 837–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2480837.

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Mouse alpha-macroglobulin (M-AMG) is believed to be a functional homologue of human alpha 2-macroglobulin (h-alpha 2M). The subunit composition, the tryptic cleavage pattern before and after methylamine incorporation and the two-dimensional tryptic-peptide mapping, however, indicate that these two proteins are structurally distinct. M-AMG is composed of two major types of polypeptides (Mr 163,000 and 35,000) together with a minor polypeptide (Mr 185,000), whereas h-alpha 2M has only one type of polypeptide (Mr 185,000). After incorporation of methylamine, there is no change in the normal tryptic-cleavage pattern of M-AMG; however, tryptic cleavage of h-alpha 2M is severely retarded [Hudson & Koo (1982) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 704, 290-303]. The N-terminal sequence of the 163,000-Mr polypeptide of M-AMG shows sequence homology with the N-terminal sequence of h-alpha 2M. The amino acid compositions of M-AMG and its two major polypeptide chains are compared. Thermal fragmentation studies show that the 163,000-Mr polypeptide is broken down into 125,000-Mr and 29,000-Mr fragments. Trypsin-binding studies show that M-AMG can bind two molecules of trypsin/molecule. Inactivations of the trypsin-binding property of M-AMG and h-alpha 2M with methylamine show similar kinetics of inhibition at 4 degrees C. A structural model of M-AMG is proposed, based on accumulated data.

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von Kummer, Rüdiger, and Johannes Gerber. "IMS-3, SYNTHESIS, and MR RESCUE: No Disaster, but Down to Earth." Clinical Neuroradiology 23, no. 1 (March 2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00062-013-0214-1.

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Sheehan, Helena. "As the World Turned Upside Down: Left Intellectuals in Yugoslavia, 1988–90." Monthly Review 69, no. 3 (July 5, 2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-069-03-2017-07_5.

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Throughout Eastern Europe, there was an unleashing of pent-up questions, hopes, and fears brewing for decades. There was a sense that the ground was trembling underneath these experiments in socialism. It was clear to most of us that socialism could only survive through radical democratization.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.

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Nguyen, Chantal, Kimberly J. Schlesinger, Timothy W. James, Kristin M. James, Robert L. Sah, Koichi Masuda, and Jean M. Carlson. "Novel magnetic resonance technique for characterizing mesoscale structure of trabecular bone." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 8 (August 2018): 180563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.180563.

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Osteoporosis, characterized by increased fracture risk and bone fragility, impacts millions of adults worldwide, but effective, non-invasive and easily accessible diagnostic tests of the disease remain elusive. We present a magnetic resonance (MR) technique that overcomes the motion limitations of traditional MR imaging to acquire high-resolution frequency-domain data to characterize the texture of biological tissues. This technique does not involve obtaining full two-dimensional or three-dimensional images, but can probe scales down to the order of 40 μm and in particular uncover structural information in trabecular bone. Using micro-computed tomography data of vertebral trabecular bone, we computationally validate this MR technique by simulating MR measurements of a ‘ratio metric’ determined from a few k -space values corresponding to trabecular thickness and spacing. We train a support vector machine classifier on ratio metric values determined from healthy and simulated osteoporotic bone data, which we use to accurately classify osteoporotic bone.

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Jiménez-Canino, Rubén, Fabián Lorenzo-Díaz, Frederic Jaisser, Nicolette Farman, Teresa Giraldez, and Diego Alvarez de la Rosa. "Histone Deacetylase 6–Controlled Hsp90 Acetylation Significantly Alters Mineralocorticoid Receptor Subcellular Dynamics But Not its Transcriptional Activity." Endocrinology 157, no. 6 (April 21, 2016): 2515–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2015-2055.

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The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that transduces the biological effects of corticosteroids. Its best-characterized role is to enhance transepithelial sodium reabsorption in response to increased aldosterone levels. In addition, MR participates in other aldosterone- or glucocorticoid-controlled processes such as cardiovascular homeostasis, adipocyte differentiation or neurogenesis, and regulation of neuronal activity in the hippocampus. Like other steroid receptors, MR forms cytosolic heterocomplexes with heat shock protein (Hsp) 90), Hsp70, and other proteins such as immunophilins. Interaction with Hsp90 is thought to maintain MR in a ligand-binding competent conformation and to regulate ligand-dependent and -independent nucleocytoplasmatic shuttling. It has previously been shown that acetylation of residue K295 in Hsp90 regulates its interaction with the androgen receptor and glucocorticoid receptor (GR). In this work we hypothesized that Hsp90 acetylation provides a regulatory step to modulate MR cellular dynamics and activity. We used Hsp90 acetylation mimic mutant K295Q or nonacetylatable mutant K295R to examine whether MR nucleocytoplasmatic shuttling and gene transactivation are affected. Furthermore, we manipulated endogenous Hsp90 acetylation levels by controlling expression or activity of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), the enzyme responsible for deacetylation of Hsp90-K295. Our data demonstrates that HDAC6-mediated Hsp90 acetylation regulates MR cellular dynamics but it does not alter its function. This stands in contrast with the down-regulation of GR by HDAC6, suggesting that Hsp90 acetylation may play a role in balancing relative MR and GR activity when both factors are co-expressed in the same cell.

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Phillipson, Mia, Christer Atuma, Johanna Henriksnäs, and Lena Holm. "The importance of mucus layers and bicarbonate transport in preservation of gastric juxtamucosal pH." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 282, no. 2 (February 1, 2002): G211—G219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00223.2001.

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Mucus thickness is suggested to be related to mucosal protection. We therefore investigated the importance of the removable mucous layer and epithelial bicarbonate transport in preservation of the gastric juxtamucosal pH (pHjm) during luminal acid. Anesthetized rats were prepared for intravital microscopy of the gastric mucosa, and pHjmwas measured with pH-sensitive microelectrodes. The mucus was either left intact (IM) or removed (MR) down to the firmly attached mucous layer, and HCl (pH 1) was applied luminally. Removal of the loosely adherent mucous layer did not influence the pHjmduring luminal acid (pentagastrin: IM/MR 7.03 ± 0.09/6.82 ± 0.19; pentagastrin + indomethacin: IM/MR 6.89 ± 0.20/6.95 ± 0.27; ranitidine: IM/MR 2.38 ± 0.64/2.97 ± 0.62), unless prostaglandin synthesis and acid secretion were inhibited (ranitidine + indomethacin: IM/MR 2.03 ± 0.37/1.66 ± 0.18). Neutral pHjmis maintained during endogenous acid secretion and luminal pH 1, unless DIDS was applied luminally, which resulted in a substantially decreased pHjm(1.37 ± 0.21). Neutral pHjmis maintained by a DIDS-sensitive bicarbonate transport over the surface epithelium. The loosely adherent mucous layer only contributes to maintaining pHjmduring luminal pH 1 if acid secretion and prostaglandin synthesis are inhibited.

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Filipozzi, L., L. Piraux, A. Marchand, A. Derré, A. Adouard, and M. Kinany-Alaoui. "Unusual behavior of the magnetoresistance of boron carbonitride films at low temperature." Journal of Materials Research 12, no. 7 (July 1997): 1711–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1997.0236.

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We have performed resistivity and magnetoresistance measurements down to 0.3 K, and under fields up to 37 T of boron carbonitride and BC3 films prepared by chemical vapor deposition. The turbostratic structure of the as-deposited materials favors a 2D weak localization effect which is invoked to explain the negative magnetoresistance (MR) as well as the log T variation of the resistivity. However, at very low temperature a positive component is superimposed on the negative MR. At high fields, the total MR is positive and almost isotropic. Usual theories are unable to account for the observed phenomenon. Increasing heat treatments up to 1800 °C increase the 2D character of the deposits, which show an increasingly negative magnetoresistance. For still higher treatments, the change of the films to a 3D graphitic-like structure leads to a vanishing of the negative magnetoresistance.

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Bakaj, T., L. Bakaj Zbrozkova, R. Salzman, M. Tedla, and I. Starek. "Recidivous cholesteatoma: DWI MR after canal wall up and canal wall down mastoidectomy." Bratislava Medical Journal 117, no. 09 (2016): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4149/bll_2016_100.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mr. Downs'

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