Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'MRST'
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Sandberg, Alexander Jerome. "Shielding design for the time-resolving Magnetic Recoil Spectrometer (MRSt) on the National Ignition Facility (NIF)." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127703.
Full textThesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2019
Cataloged from the official PDF of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 49-50).
Abstract The National Ignition Facility (NIF) is one of the premier inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments active today, with the goal of acheiving ignition in a laboratory for the first time. Multiple diagnostics are needed to generate the scientific data necessary for guiding these experiments at the NIF toward this goal. The time-resolving Magnetic Recoil Spectrometer (MRSt) aims to provide time-resolved measurements of the neutron spectrum, to determine time evolution of ion temperature, areal density, and neutron yield, at a time resolution of 20ps and an energy resolution of 100 keV. This would be the first time-resolved measurement of these quantities, and is crucial to understanding the dynamics of the implosion and possible deviations from optimal performance. The MRSt's unique ability to diagnose the hot-spot formation, fuel assembly, and alpha heating will open a new door to ICF. This work establishes a conceptual shielding design for the MRSt that meets the signal-to-background requirements. The finalized design is composed of 65cm of 30% borated polyethylene shielding for the neutron background, and a 2.5cm layer of tungsten gamma shielding with a 5.5cm layer of shielding on the last 20cm of the pulse dilation drift tube (PDDT) detector. This design reduces the background about 300 times, from 0.12 for the unshielded design to 35 for the finalized shielding design, thus exceeding the requirement of S/B > 5 for the down-scattered-neutron measurement. Neutron background has been reduced nearly to zero, but further gamma reduction could be a future avenue of research, specifically surrounding the graded-Z shielding design.
by Alexander Jerome Sandberg.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering
PAREJA, Roberto Navarro. "Ajuste ao histórico em reservatórios de petróleo usando o Método do Filtro de Kalman con Ensembles (EnKF)." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/26644.
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A simulação de reservatórios é uma importante ferramenta usada pela indústria do petróleo para o gerenciamento de reservatórios. A fim de obter previsões da produção de óleo confiáveis, diferentes propriedades petrofísicas do reservatório, como porosidade e permeabilidade são usadas nos modelos de reservatórios. Porém, medições diretas dessas propriedades são possíveis apenas em alguns poucos poços. Uma forma de melhorar o conhecimento sobre essas propriedades é através do processo de ajuste ao histórico. O ajuste ao histórico consiste em melhorar estimativas de propriedades do reservatório usadas na construção de um modelo de reservatório de forma que as previsões do modelo se aproximem dos dados medidos em campo. Nesta dissertação apresentamos um estudo para o ajuste ao histórico automático baseado em um modelo areal, isto é, que considera o reservatório plano e horizontal, descrito por apenas duas dimensões geométricas, de um reservatório bifásico (óleo/água), onde desejamos estimar a distribuição de permeabilidades do reservatório. Devido à sua simplicidade e eficiência, o método do Filtro de Kalman com Ensembles (EnKF), é usado para assimilar as medições estáticas e dinâmicas, atualizando continuamente as propriedades do reservatório. O EnKF nos últimos anos tem ganhado muita popularidade, é um método de assimilação de dados para modelos dinâmicos não lineares de alta dimensão e portanto adequado para ser usado no ajuste ao histórico de modelos de simulação de reservatórios. O EnKF foi implementado em Matlab e acoplado ao Matlab Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST), que foi desenvolvido pelo SINTEF para simulação de reservatórios, e foi aplicado a dois casos sintéticos simples. Os resultados mostraram que a rotina EnKF funcionou corretamente, mostrando-se que, para muitos dos parâmetros com incerteza inicial, esta foi reduzida a um nível aceitável, para a produção de petróleo e água.
Reservoir simulation is an important tool used by the oil industry for reservoir management. In order to obtain reliable predictions of oil production, different petrophysical properties such as porosity and permeability are used to build the reservoir models. However, direct measurements of these properties are only possible in a few wells. One way to improve the knowledge of these properties is through the history matching process. History matching improves the estimates of reservoir properties used in the construction of the reservoir model so that the model predictions are closer to the measured production of the field. In this paper we present a study for an automatic history matching based upon and two-dimensional model of two-phase (oil/water) reservoir, where we wish to improve the estimate of the distribution of the reservoir permeabilities. Due to its simplicity and efficiency, the method of the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) is used to assimilate the static and dynamic measurements, continuously updating the properties of the reservoir. The EnKF, in recent years has gained much popularity, as it is a method for dynamic data assimilation for nonlinear models of high dimension and therefore suitable for use in history matching models of reservoir simulations. The EnKF was implemented in Matlab and coupled to Matlab Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST), which was developed by SINTEF for reservoir simulation, and was applied to two simple synthetic cases. The results showed that the EnKF routine works properly, showing that, for many of the parameters and initial uncertainty has been reduced to an acceptable level for the production of oil and water.
Mathews, Jennifer Leah. "Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339738135.
Full textOrtega-Martorell, Sandra. "On the use of advanced pattern recognition techniques for the analysis of MRS and MRSI data in neuro-oncology." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284491.
Full textCancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Tumours of the Central Nervous System and, among them, brain tumours have a relatively low incidence as compared to other more widespread cancer pathologies, but the prognosis of some of them is very poor, contributing significantly to morbidity. The clinical management of an abnormal mass in the brain is sensitive and difficult, making experts to rely on non-invasive indirect measurements of the tumour characteristics and growth. In current radiological practice, these data measurements are often provided by magnetic resonance (MR) techniques, such as imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS). The rich information contained in MR signals makes them ideally suited to the application of pattern recognition (PR) techniques. Over the last two decades, these techniques have been successfully used to address the problem of knowledge extraction from human brain tumour data, for their diagnosis and prognosis. Nevertheless, the discrimination of some tumour types and subtypes, along with the accurate delimitation of the tumour area, remained challenging. In this thesis, we approach these challenges using a set of advanced PR techniques. A variety of common and well-known dimensionality reduction (DR), classification, and evaluation methods are first gathered in a software tool, used for the development of classifiers that are suitable for the analysis of MRS data. We then delve into the feature extraction (FE) family of DR methods to propose a method that is robust in the presence of noise, not prone to overfitting, and which also provides interpretation of the extracted MRS signal prototypes. Two spectral decomposition techniques, in different algorithmic variants, are subsequently used to extract the sources of the MRS signals and identify the one that provides better results in the context of neuro-oncology, using single-voxel (SV) MRS data. The best and most adequate source extraction method is then used to derive sources correlated with the mean spectra of known tissue types. The former, an unsupervised approach, is also applied in this thesis in the multi-voxel (MV) context, where we propose a mechanism for delimiting the pathological area of the tumour. The contributions of this thesis can be summarised as follows. First, the development of a software tool allowed us to reproduce previously published MRS-based classifiers, and test new hypotheses that led to new publications. We also contributed a FE method, whose performance is comparable to its most commonly used counterpart in MRS data analysis, while improving on the interpretability. Moreover, we identified the spectral decomposition variant that best suits the analysis of SV MRS data, namely Convex Non-negative Matrix Factorisation (NMF), and showed its ability to discriminate between healthy tissue, necrosis, and actively proliferating tumour, with results that are comparable to those obtained in fully supervised mode. For MV data, we successfully benchmarked alternative spectral decomposition methods, and provided evidence supporting that very accurate delimitation can be achieved through the application of Convex-NMF. With this thesis, we provide spectroscopists with a tool that facilitates the development of classifiers for the analysis of MRS data, for a large group of tumour types; allowing them to concentrate on the interpretation of the results, without requiring a specialised mathematical expertise for testing their hypotheses. We also provide an unsupervised alternative to improve the discrimination between tumour types and subtypes, placing this approach one step ahead of classical label-requiring supervised methods for detection of the increasingly recognised molecular subtype heterogeneity within human brain tumours. This also allowed us to accurately tackle one of the main sources of uncertainty in the clinical management of brain tumours, which is the difficulty of appropriately delimiting the pathological area.
Nienhoff, Ulrike Barbara [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen zu Vorkommen und Verbreitung von Methicillin-resistenten Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) und Methicillin-resistenten Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) bei Hund und Katze / Ulrike Nienhoff." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1019048034/34.
Full textBraman, Jade A. "Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on Human and Equine Contact Surfaces in a Large Veterinary Teaching Hospital." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1305748270.
Full textSOARES, Cynthia Regina Pedrosa. "Prevalência da Colonização Nasal por Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticialina em Pacientes Ambulatorias Vivendo com HIV/aids de Hospital Terciário no Estado de PERNAMBUCO-BRASIL." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17525.
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Staphylococcus aureus é um dos microrganismos mais comuns em infecções patogênicas no mundo, tornando-se de grande importância hospitalar e comunitária. Pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids (PVHA) são mais susceptíveis de serem colonizados por Staphylococcus aureus resistente á meticilina (MRSA). S. aureus pode adquirir resistência a antimicrobianos, devido à presença de genes de vários tipos contidos no cassete cromossômico estafilocócico - mec (SCCmec) conferindo resistência a diversos antibióticos. A investigação da colonização por MRSA foi realizada através do isolamento de amostras oriundas de secreção nasal e posteriormente screening de oxacilina combinado a reação de PCR convencional para investigação do gene mecA. Foram entrevistados no estudo 500 PVHA ambulatoriais do hospital terciário. Aproximadamente 95% fazia uso de terapia antirretroviral, sendo que 89,3% destes apresentavam contagem de células CD4 >200 e 73,4% com carga viral ≤100 cópias. A maioria foi do sexo masculino (64,4%), com média etária de 41,5 anos e se declararam de cor parda (54,7%). Exposição a antimicrobianos nos últimos 12 meses foi encontrado em 27,4% dos indivíduos e 25,1% relataram uso de drogas ilícitas ao menos uma vez na vida. Colonização nasal por S. aureus foi encontrada em 31,4% (157/500) da totalidade dos indivíduos estudados, nos quais, 14% (22/157) foram MRSA. A colonização foi maior nos indivíduos acima de 40 anos, entre os que relataram uso de drogas ilícitas ao menos uma vez na vida, nos que não havia registro de exposição prévia a antimicrobianos nos últimos 12 meses, porém, não foi encontrada nenhuma associação de MRSA com as variáveis estudadas. A colonização de MRSA, embora alta, não foi associado com as variáveis estudadas para fator de risco em PVHA. O perfil antimicrobiano mostra alta resistência aos antibióticos mais utilizados para profilaxia e tratamento por infecções bacterianas. Esse estudo pode contribuir para orientar na vigilância e conduta terapêutica entre as PVHA.
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogenic microorganisms in infections in the world, making it of great importance hospital and community. People living with HIV/aids (PVHA) are more likely to be colonized with Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin (MRSA). S. aureus may acquire resistance to antibiotics due to the presence of various types of genes contained in the chromosomal staphylococcal cassette - mec (SCCmec) conferring resistance to various antibiotics. The investigation of MRSA colonization was carried out by isolating samples from nasal discharge and subsequently screening oxacillin combined with conventional PCR to investigate the mecA gene. They were interviewed in the study 500 outpatient PVHA tertiary hospital. Approximately 95% made use of antiretroviral therapy, and 89.3% of them had CD4 cell counts> 200 and 73.4% with viral load ≤100 copies. Most were male (64.4%) with a mean age of 41.5 years and declared mulatto (54.7%). antimicrobial exposure in the last 12 months was found in 27.4% of patients and 25.1% reported using illicit drugs at least once in life. nasal colonization by S. aureus was found in 31.4% (157/500) of all subjects studied, in which, 14% (22/157) were MRSA. The colonization was higher in individuals over 40 years among those who reported using illicit drugs at least once in life, in which there was no antimicrobial previous exposure record in the last 12 months, however, it found no MRSA association with the variables studied. Colonization of MRSA, although high, was not associated with the variables for risk factor for PVHA. The antimicrobial profile shows high resistance to antibiotics most commonly used for treatment and prevention of bacterial infections. This study may help guide surveillance and therapeutic management among PVHA.
Werner, Malin, and Nathalie Gatsara. "Den levda erfarenheten som MRSA-bärare : en systematisk litteraturstudie." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap, HV, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-23778.
Full textBrix, Gabriele. "Methicillin-resistenter Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) am Universitätsklinikum Ulm - eine retrospektive Analyse für den Zeitraum 2002 - 2006." [S.l. : s.n.], 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-66603.
Full textStarck, Caroline, and Heidi Toivonen. "Patienter med MRSA - Upplevelser och erfarenheter av livet med MRSA." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-1421.
Full textBackground: MRSA metcillinresistenta staphyloococcus aureus is increasing both in Sweden and worldwide and contributes to longer time in the hospital, expensive treatments and suffering for the affected patients and their relatives. Aim: The aim of the study is to examine how patients with MRSA experience their life situation. Method: Literature study based on ten qualitative articles. Result: The results are presented in three themes, the "Caring", "Experience of Social Change" and "Being infected with MRSA" and related subthemes. Patients describe that inadequate or lack of information regarding MRSA, its symptoms and effects were a problem. They also describe the fear of infecting family and friends. Several of the patients with MRSA feel unclean and dirty, as they had leprosy or the plague, and they feel shame and guilt about being diagnosed with MRSA. Discussion: A major problem was the discrepancy in health professionals' knowledge of MRSA and their management of patients who were infected with MRSA. Several patients were treated unprofessionally and were given an inaccurate and inadequate information about their illness which contributed to anxiety and suffering. If patients do not receive information or receive incorrect information in the event of an illness, this can have major consequences for the patients´ life situation.
Amanbaeva, Asel, and Bernadetta Swierszcz. "Att vårdas för MRSA : En litteraturöversikt om patienters upplevelser av MRSA-vård." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-3923.
Full textBackground: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is increasing drastically in healthcare both in Sweden and worldwide. The bacteria is spread most commonly from patient to patient by health-care professionals when restrictions on basic hygiene is not followed. Becoming infected with MRSA can lead to severe consequences for the patients in terms of surgical site infection, the implanted prostheses, the heart valves, lungs, the meninges. Patients with MRSA are cared for in isolation to prevent MRSA from spreading further, which could cause distress in patients. Aim: This paper aims to describe patients' experiences of MRSA care. Methods: Nine scientific qualitative articles form the basis of this literature review. The articles were analyzed and compiled, and new themes emerged after the similarities that emerged from their performance parts. Results: The result shows that caring changed after MRSA diagnosis. This is recognized by the following six themes and two subthemes: Patients' knowledge about MRSA, Experiences of becoming infected with MRSA, Patients experiences of staff knowledge and information, experiences of treatment by staff, isolation with two subthemes: Negative experiences of isolation and positive experiences of isolation and Concerns for the future. Discussions: The results are discussed from the patient's perspective, with Katie Erikson's theory of the suffering person as a theoretical base. The nursing staff can affect how caring is experienced. Deficiencies in knowledge of MRSA in health care staff, their attitude and adherence to hygiene causes health suffering in patients with MRSA. The nurse's role is to prevent / alleviate the suffering of patients.
Halvarsson, Adam, and Madeleine Karlsson. "Sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att vårda patienter med Meticillin-resistenta Staphylococcus aureus : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-32877.
Full textMethicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a growing problem worldwide. When MRSA is identified on a care unit, it is part of the nurses’ responsibility to control and prevent further spread by following the infection control routines. The aim of this literature review was to investigate nurses’ experiences of caring for patients with MRSA. A structured literature review was conducted where systematic searches resulted in relevant articles which were viewed and valued. An inductive content analysis was performed and resulted in three themes: Fear of becoming contaminated, Feeling secure in your competence and Feeling stressed. The experiences of caring for patients with MRSA varied among the nurses. Fear of becoming contaminated and of contaminating ones’ family were expressed. Adequate knowledge and functioning communication was important in order for the nurses to care for patients with MRSA. The conclusion of this study is that the fear diminishes with knowledge, functioning communication and enough staff. Further research is needed about nurses’ experiences of caring for patients with MRSA in order to develop strategies to manage the fear and achieve adequate care-giving.
Barin, Yasemin, and Caroline Franco. "Patientens upplevelse av att vara smittad av MRSA : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-5233.
Full textJakobsson, Aya, and Sofia Örjes. "Att vårdas med MRSA i sjukvården : En litteraturöversikt om MRSA-patienters vårdupplevelser." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-3665.
Full textBackground: Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a global problem in health care. MRSA can cause wound infection, skeletal infection, pneumonia, and encephalitis and can result in death. In Sweden MRSA is increasing with about 20 cases per week (increasing by 33 % since year 2004). MRSA infectious spreading occurs even in the community, for example, among household, day-care, school, nursing home, through pets or farm livestock. MRSA can colonize without any symptoms. There is no completely effective treatment to get rid of MRSA. For prevention of infection spreading, MRSA patients have to be taken care by isolation, which can cause suffering through longer time at hospital and isolation. Aim: To describe patients' experiences of being cared for with MRSA in healthcare. Methods: A literature review based on 9 scientific articles with qualitative method. All articles were read several times and headlines were created based on context. Sentences with similar headlines were sorted out and categorized. Themes and subthemes were created. Results: The results show that patients treated with MRSA are experiencing that the disease has a major impact on their health care experience, and the results were therefore presented under five themes with three subthemes: Information about MRSA and care, The patients knowledge and understanding of MRSA, The patients’ feelings and experiences; with subthemes, The experiences of being a MRSA colonized patient, The experience of MRSA source isolation, The experience of social effects because of MRSA, Quality of care and personal treatment related to MRSA and Thoughts about the future. Discussions: The results are discussed with a life-world approach to deepen the understanding of patients' experience. Health professionals seem to affect patients' experiences, both negative and positive of being cared for with MRSA. Patients' knowledge seemed to have a crucial role in the experience of care.
Karlqvist, Eva, and Madeleine Kruse. "Intensivvårdspersonalens kamp mot MRSA." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1701.
Full textInom intensivvården (IVA) vårdas de mest allvarligt sjuka patienterna vilka ofta har svåra infektioner och ett nedsatt immunförsvar. Detta kan innebära en ökad risk att drabbas av meticillinresistenta stafylokock aureus (MRSA). Smittspridning av MRSA sker främst från sjukvårdspersonalens händer till patienterna. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva vilka åtgärder sjukvårdspersonalen inom IVA kan vidta för att minimera smittspridning av MRSA. Artiklarnas resultat visade att följsamheten var låg då det gällde att följa riktlinjer för noggrann handhygien. Orsaker till dålig följsamhet kan vara hög arbetsbelastning och bristande kunskap. Det fanns stora skillnader mellan de olika yrkeskategorierna då det gällde att följa riktlinjer för handhygien. Läkarna var de som följde riktlinjerna minst. Den viktigaste åtgärden för att minimera smittspridningen av MRSA är god handhygien och användning av handdesinfektionsmedel. Genom att utbilda sjukvårdspersonalen regelbundet samt ha lättillgängliga riktlinjer kan medvetenheten och kunskapen om MRSA öka. Detta medför troligtvis att personalen genomför adekvata åtgärder för att förhindra smittspridningen av MRSA. Då MRSA är ett ökande problem vore det angeläget att utföra observationsstudier beträffande hygienrutiner på olika intensivvårdsavdelningar i Sverige.
Ersbrand, Mats, and Johan Jungman. "Säker omvårdnad vid MRSa." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26922.
Full textMRSA infections of the rising trend in Sweden and is classified as a dangerous disease. The purpose of literature review is to illustrate the measures that may be relevant in respect of adequate hand hygiene to reduce the spread of MRSA infections. The work is done as a literature review of Goodmans seven steps in Willman et al (2006). Ten articles quality examined under a modified model of Carlsson, S. & Eiman, M (2003). Alcohol, gloves and information is described in this study as measures of adequate hand hygiene. The conclusion of the result is that repeated briefings would be the most effective measure for the safe care at MRSA.
Grundkvist, Sara, and Nasima Zadran. "Att arbeta mot MRSA." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26149.
Full textAntibiotically resistant bacteria are multiplying at an exponential rate in today's society and are threatening to consolidate into a serious problem in hospitals around the world. MRSA is part of this phenomena. This study intends to uncover and highlight the effectiveness of nurses' compliance to preventative efforts, to the precautions associated with activity where the risk of transmission of MRSA is a constant, and the hazardous circumstances arising out of the hospital and nursing environments. To ensure that the study maintained a thoroughly systematic procedure, it was conducted in seven separate steps. Pubmed and Cinahl have been utilised in the research, where quantitative studies have been included as part of the reviewed literature. The quality of the material has been ensured by applying a review protocol. Nine articles were selected to form the base of the study, which produced results in four categories respectively – barrier care, compliance, hand hygiene and hazardous circumstances. Moderate scientific evidence prompts the assertion that proper protection against transmission requires both protective gloves and aprons to shield work clothing from contamination. Studies have furthermore shown that compliance in the area of prevention is improved through training. All the results thus support the view that the patient ought to be protected to the same degree as the nurse, as the latter may inescapably constitute an extension of disease transmission.
Ekström, Anna, and Emelie Karlsson. "Att vara MRSA- bärare." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24743.
Full textAim: To investigate the experience of being MSRA positive. Method: A literature review by directions of Axelsson (2008). The nine articles that are included were subjected to a modified model by Carlsson & Eiman (2003). Result: From the review of the articles six themes emerged: Knowledge/opinion, Information need, Staff knowledge, Fear of passing on the infection, Information at source isolation, The mental affects of source isolation. Conclusion: The experience of being MSRA positive varies among the participants in the studies. The studies also reveal a lack of knowledge. Most studies indicate that the information provided in connection with diagnosis, treatment and isolation was inadequate. It is likely that a better informed patient could reduce the spread of MRSA.
Johnson, Ivonne. "THE INCIDENCE AND EPIDEMIOLOGIC FACTORS OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS SKIN AND SOFT TISSUE I." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3769.
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School of Nursing
Other
Nursing Practice DNP
Abrahamsson, Daria, and Sofi Miller. "MRSA – EN FÖLJETONG UTAN SLUT : Effekter av olika åtgärder i smittskyddsarbete mot MRSA." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap, HV, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-9662.
Full textOkado, Jessica Baleiro. "Caracterização fenotípica e genotípica de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes à meticilina (MRSA) isolados de sítios de infecção de pacientes em um hospital de São Carlos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-29012018-101447/.
Full textMRSA may be resistant to most antimicrobials by the acquisition of mobile genetic elements or mutations and some strains represent a huge challenge for infection treatment. In addition, heterogeneous resistance may exist at underestimated rates and cause treatment failure. Actions such as research of specific MRSA strains spread, adoption of measures that reduce the possibility of outbreaks and policies that avoid excessive use of antibiotics are important and must be taken in hospitals. This study aimed to characterize genotypically and phenotypically, MRSA from a São Carlos-SP hospital. From July 2011 to January 2012, 34 S. aureus from different patients were isolated, among those 27 (79.4%) were identified as MRSA. Typing by PFGE resulted in three pulsotypes and prevalence of ST105/ST5-SCCmecII strains. Beta hemolysis and simultaneous presence of the seh / sei / sem / seo / sem / / lukDE / hla / hlb / hlg genes were found in 96.3% and 85% of the isolates, respectively, with no good biofilm forming sample. In the sensitivity assays, SCMSC29 isolate was characterized as S. aureus heterogeneous vancomycin intermediate resistant S. aureus (hVISA) and SCMSC29 and SCMSC35 as heterogeneous daptomycin non-susceptible S. aureus (hDNSSA), all confirmed by population analysis profile. In order to elucidate mechanisms of heteroresistance, we performed several comparative analyses between heterogeneous samples and a related sensitive isolate (SCMSC31). The hVISA and hDNSSA phenotype presented by the SCMSC29 isolate appeared to be related to increased expression of graR, vraR, rpoB, mprF and dltA genes, slight increase in cell wall thickness, reduction of autolysis and a mutation in the mprF (T551A), when compared to SCMSC31. The hDNSSA phenotype of SCMSC35 may be associated with a mutation found in rpoB (T622A), mprF (M347L, L720F) and increased cell wall thickness. Despite these worrying phenotypes found, treatment alternatives tested (teicoplanin, linezolid, tetracycline, tigecycline, quinupristindalfopristine and tedizolide) were active against all isolates. In conclusion, hVISA and hDNSSA were found to be among ST105/ST5-SCCmecII lineage and demonstrated cell wall thickening. The new antimicrobial tedizolide, not yet used in Brazil, had greater efficiency, shown in vitro by tests of minimum inhibitory concentration. The appearance of heteroresistance profiles is a troubling finding and measures should be taken to improve the diagnosis of this phenotype in clinical laboratories in addition to avoiding dissemination. The adoption of surveillance programs and the caution in the use of these antibiotics are important to monitor possible dissemination and to avoid the selection of resistant clones and coresistant to several other antibiotics.
Mccrea, Gavin. "Mrs Engels." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/48694/.
Full textMårtensson, Jennie, and Hilda Svanholm. "Upplevelser och erfarenheter av att leva med MRSA : Ett patientperspektiv." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100695.
Full textBackground: MRSA is a global problem in today's society. This bacterium produces an enzyme, making some antibiotic drugs ineffective. Most patients infected with MRSA experience negative emotions as a result of the infection. The lack of knowledge of both nurses and patients are believed to be causing these emotions. Aim: The purpose of this literature review was to illuminate patients' perceptions and experiences of being infected with MRSA. Method: 9 articles with a qualitative approach have been compiled in this review. These have been analyzed with inspiration from descriptive meta-synthesis method. The search for articles was performed in the databases of Cinahl, Medline, PubMed and Scopus. Results: The result shows that patients' perceived the MRSA infection as complex. Feelings of guilt, stigma and being contagious recurred repeatedly. Varying levels of knowledge regarding MRSA were also detected. Adaptation to the infection was perceived as an unfavorably affect to the possibility of a normal life. Information obtained from the care was considered inadequate and nursing staff were experienced to act unprofessional.Conclusion: Increased knowledge and understanding of patients' infected with MRSA can make a good healthcare possible. Any perceived differences in relation to gender and age should be further studied in order to contribute a more person-centered healthcare.
Timm, Lucas, and Vilija Kuusela. "Patienters upplevelse av att bära på MRSA : På sjukhus och i samhälle." Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-1625.
Full textMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a growing problem globally and is a bacteria that can cause severe infections in different parts of the body. Usually, the bacteria does not cause infections or produce symptoms, the person is instead merely a carrier. In Sweden much has been done and much is still being done to combat the spread of MRSA. This is presumably a reason why the prevalence of MRSA in Sweden is relatively low. Besides this, patients have to abide to laws and Socialstyrelsen, which is a Swedish Health Authority, has developed action plans regarding MRSA carriers. MRSA is contagious through physical contact and can spread to already ill patients, who because of their illness, are more susceptible. Therefore, care through the use of isolation and cohort in the care unit, is part of Swedish Health Authorities’ action plan. The authors became curious about the current knowledge regarding patient’s experience of being MRSA carriers in the in-patient hospital environment as well as in their ordinary lives. Aim: The aim was to explore patient’s experience of being MRSA carriers, by reviewing previous studies. Method: Common literary survey based on ten qualitative articles. Results: The results consisted of three categories, which each consisted of two subcategories. Influence of MRSA consisted of the subcategories mental influence and physical symptoms. The category understanding consisted of the subcategories knowledge and information. Finally, the category isolation consisted of the subcategories isolation at the hospital and interpersonal. Conclusion and clinical impact: Being a MRSA carrier was related to negative feelings, which were also caused by isolation and other people, such as family and friends, withdrawing themselves from the patient. Patients often lacked knowledge about MRSA and did not receive enough information from hospital staff. Understanding patient’s emotions as well as supplying adequate information can contribute to a better patient experience.
Forsberg, Sandra, and Emma Ingman. "Utmaningar i vårdpersonalens möten med patienter som drabbats av MRSA : en litteraturstudie." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-131061.
Full textBackground: Increased use of antibiotics has made many of the bacteria resistant. Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterium on the skin and causes the most of the wound infections, it has developed a resistance towards methicillin. Aim: The aim was to describe challenges in health care staff’s encounters with patients affected by MRSA. Method: A literature study where the results of nine studies with qualitative approach are compiled. The searches were performed in the databases CiNAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsykInfo, Scopus and manually. Result: The result is presented in four categories and nine subcategories. The categories are: The need for knowledge, Barriers for compliance in care, Strain in the daily caregiving, To strive for a good care for patients with MRSA. Conclusion: Continuous education and compliance with guidelines that is implemented by the responsible nurse enables improved infection control and increases patient safety. To manage challenges that appear while caring for patients affected by MRSA and to be able to accomplish good caregiving, it is important that health care staff strives to maintain good health for themselves.
Mills, Penny, and Erica Forsmark. "Personers upplevelser av isoleringsvård i samband med att de är diagnostiserade med MRSA -En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-133397.
Full textABSTRACT Background: The resistant bacterium MRSA Metacillinresistent Staphylococcus aureus has become a globalproblem. Studies have shown that individuals with MRSA who have been treated in isolation experiencing confusion over their illness when the information on the infection is poor, and it can express fear and anxiety in patients. Aim: The purpose of this study is to explore how the isolation experienced by people with MRSA. Method: This study was based on ten scientific articles with qualitative approach. The results have been analyzed and compiled to a result. Results: Data is presented in three main categories and ten subcategories. Main categories include: Suffering in isolation, To live in captivity and To cope with the situation. Conclusion: Predominant in the results was the negative emotions of patients. Patients experienced largely boredom, loneliness and a sense of imprisonment, while a few preferred to be alone and appreciated the insulation. Patients can improve their experience of it from their perspective appears more studies on how it is to be insulated with MRSA. It is important for the patients well-being to highlight knowledge gaps and to conduct more research on the basis of the patients.
Andersson, Stina, and Sofie Lindström. "Patienters upplevelser av att vara MRSA-bärare : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-5950.
Full textBackground: There is a continuous increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Sweden, but the situation is still relatively manageable compared to other countries. The development of resistance is a result of the amount of antibiotics used in today's society. The bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is the cause of many types of infections, from mild to life threatening. The bacteria have caused problems at hospitals since 1955 and are the most notorious cause of healthcare-associated infections. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the associated strains of Staphylococcus aureus that have developed resistance to antibiotics. The communicable diseases act (smittskyddslagen) stipulates that methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a dangerous disease. General dangerous diseases are infectious and cause suffering, prolonged periods of illness and other serious consequences. Aim: To describe patients’ experiences of being MRSA-carrier. Method: A literature review according to Fribergs` method where ten scientific articles were elected to the result. The articles were selected from Cinahl Complete and Medline. Results: In the articles analyzed the authors identified six themes: getting a diagnosis, experiences of isolation, experiences of treatment, experiences of knowledge and information, fear of infecting others and thoughts about the future. Discussion: Based on Callista Roys adaptation theory, the concept of health, background and other research the result is being discussed. The main findings chosen for discussion are the isolation impact, lack of knowledge and adaptation to life with MRSA.
Olsen, Sandra, and Lina Kjölvmark. "Multiresistenta staphylococcus aureus : sjuksköterskans roll och patientens upplevelse." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-13724.
Full textGibbons, Cheryl Leanne. "Epidemiology of MRSA in Scotland." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20447.
Full textJeyaratnam, Dakshika. "The rapid detection of MRSA." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-rapid-detection-of-mrsa(762ea8c4-b8e9-4b77-9ac5-913bdb0e12bc).html.
Full textBock, Kerstin [Verfasser]. "MRSA an einem Krankenhaus der Maximalversorgung (2009) : eine retrospektive Auswertung von MRSA-Patientendaten zu Screening, Risikofaktoren und molekularbiologischen Untersuchungen der MRSA-Stämme / Kerstin Bock." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1062536355/34.
Full textDierck, Melanie [Verfasser]. "Selektives MRSA-Screening bei Aufnahme auf Intensivstationen : Risikofaktoren für einen positiven MRSA-Status / Melanie Dierck." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1022941933/34.
Full textLindström, Kerstin, and Sanna Fjällström. "En existens inom fyra väggar : En litteraturöversikt kring patienters upplevelser av isolering vid MRSA." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-4962.
Full textLemmer, Beate [Verfasser]. "Einsatz einer Single-locus-MRSA-PCR zum Aufnahmescreening auf Methicillin-resistente Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) / Beate Lemmer." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Medizinische Fakultät, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1024534170/34.
Full textGraser, Anno. "MRT der Prostata." Diss., lmu, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-48692.
Full textAune, Paulin, and Lene-Marie Eidaker. "MRSA smittade patienters erfarenheter av isoleringsvård." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för omvårdnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-21866.
Full textEdling, Jeanette, and Sandra Lundin. "Sjuksköterskors kunskaper om MRSA och hygienrutiner på olika dialysavdelningar : - en enkätstudie." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-3152.
Full textMultiresistent Stafylokock aureus (MRSA) är en mycket smittsam bakterie som ökar på sjukhusen. En faktor till detta är att handhygien hos sjukvårdspersonal brister. Syftet med studien var att beskriva vilken kunskap sjuksköterskor hade om MRSA och hygienrutiner, samt att jämföra om sjuksköterskors kunskap skiljer sig åt beroende på vilket sjukhus de arbetar. Studien riktade sig till sjuksköterskor på fyra olika dialysavdelningar. Datainsamlingen gjordes via en enkät som delades ut till 141 sjuksköterskor, varav 86 besvarade enkäten. Sjuksköterskornas kompetens har grupperats i kategorier (låg, måttlig och hög kompetens) utifrån antalet rätt på enkäten. Resultatet visade att majoriteten av sjuksköterskorna hade goda kunskaper och då speciellt om ingångskälla och att engångsförkläde skyddar mot spridning. Dock visade det sig att det brister när det gäller kunskaper om infektionstecken och om MRSA kan behandlas. Vid jämförelse visade det sig att det inte fanns någon skillnad i andelen med måttlig kompetens mellan sjukhusen. Däremot fanns en signifikant skillnad i gruppen med hög kompetens.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a very contagious bacterium which is increasing in hospitals. One reason for this is poor hand hygiene among the medical staff. The aim of this study was to find out how much nurses know about MRSA and hygiene routines and to examine if the knowledge differs between nurses in different hospitals. The study was directed to nurses in four different dialysis divisions. The data was collected from through a questionnaire, which was distributed to 141 nurses, of which 86 answered. Based on the numbers of correct answers given in the questionnaire the competence of the nurses was divided into different categories (low, average and high competence).The result of the questionnaire showed that the majority of the nurses has a good knowledge of MRSA, in particular when it comes to enter source and the protection against spread disposable aprons give. However, the result also showed that nurses do not have sufficient knowledge of the signs of MRSA and if the infection can be treated. On comparison, no difference in number of average competence between the different hospitals was found. However, there was a significant difference in the group with high competence.
Hillberg, Hörnfeldt Thea. "Hur sjuksköterskor kan förhindra spridningen av MRSA inom somatisk vård : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-10952.
Full textBrodin, Elin, and Felicia Börjeson. "Patienters upplevelser av isolering i samband med MRSA : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-4782.
Full textBakgrund: MRSA är en allmänfarlig sjukdom där isolering kan bli aktuellt för de smittade. I litteraturen framkommer fler negativa konsekvenser än positiva för isolerade patienter. Med detta i åtanke uppmärksammas en paradox. Den yttrar sig i att samtidigt som vården vill minska risken för smittspridning av MRSA, kan det påverka vården för den enskilda patienten. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa patienters upplevelser av isolering i samband med MRSA. Metod: En litteraturöversikt har genomförts enligt Friberg (2012) för att skapa en överblick över kunskapsläget. Tio vetenskapliga artiklar valdes ut, varav sju var kvalitativa och tre kvantitativa. Resultat: Resultatet styrker antagandet att isolering påverkar patienternas upplevelser positivt och negativt. De positiva upplevelserna var "uppskattning och lugn" samt "tillfredsställelse". De negativa upplevelserna var fler. Dessa var "övergivenhet och tristess", "oro, ilska och frustration", "förvirring" och "dåligt bemötande". Vidare belystes en rad åtgärder för att förbättra patienternas situationer. Diskussion: Resultatet diskuteras med anknytning till Løgstrups teori om det etiska kravet. Målsättningen var att belysa den etiska dimensionen av sjuksköterskans möte med den isolerade patienten. I diskussionen förs också resonemang kring den funna paradoxen och utifrån konsensusbegreppet miljö.
Johansson, Anna, and Lisa Leijon. "Vårdtiden i isolering : Upplevelser av isolerad vård hos patienter som bär på MRSA." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-30036.
Full textMeticillinresistena stafylockocker aureus (MRSA) is a growing problem all over the world. Patients with MRSA needs to be cared for in isolation and this is known to be pschyologically challenging. To counteract the negative effects of isolation care, it is important to understand what patients with MRSA in isolation care are experiencing. The aim was to illuminate experiences of isolation care among patients with MRSA. The preformed studie was a litterature review based on eight scientific articles. The result showed four catagories: experiences of being lonely and trapped, experiences of lack of information, experiences of not being treated under equal conditions and experiences of stigma. These experiences affect the hospital stay and could lead to a suffering due to the hospital care. To counteract this among patients with MRSA it is important that hospitalstaff are aware of the effects that isolation care could lead to. Further research is needed in order to illuminate the experiences of isolation care among patients with MRSA as there is currently limited research in the area, and since patients with MRSA that demand isolation care is a growing problem all over the world.
Olofsson, Therese. "Att förebygga spridning av MRSA på intensivvårdsavdelningar." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-25584.
Full textMethicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium that has developed a resistance to methicillin and the spread of these bacteria. MRSA is fast becoming a major global problem. There exists an increased risk within Intensive care unit (ICU) departmentsbetween patients who are seriously ill, a problem that the ICU nurses should try to avoid using a variet of nursing intervention. The purpose of this literature study was to explore how ICU nurses can help prevent the spread of MRSA in the ICU. The study is based upon 11 scientific articles, sought in Pubmed, Cinahl and viamanual searching. the results expose deficiencies in handhygiene, staff shortages, staffing nurses, unreliable infection control and failure to care for patients on single occupancy, all increasing the risk of contamination. Future research in this area should focus on how an increased awareness and knowledge about the importance of following hygiene procedures can be created and executed.
Måsøval, Jensen Arnold. "MRSA-spredning i Norge – en epidemiologisk kartlegging." Thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3633.
Full textBackground: The World Health Organization describes antimicrobial resistance within a wide range of infectious agents, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), as a growing threatto public health. MRSA associates with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. In Norway, nationalguidelines (2009) aimed to minimize the incidence of MRSA, especially in hospitals and nursing homes. Beginning in 2008, all MRSA-samples have been typed according to Staphylococcusprotein A (spa). This information is included in the Norwegian Surveillance System for Communicable Diseases. Aim: This study aimed to show the spread pattern of MRSA in Norway during 2008–2010, and to examinethe potential for recommending changes to the national MRSA guidelines. Method: To identify disease clusters, this registry-based retrospective cohort study reviewed the Norwegian Surveillance System for Communicable Diseases for all reported MRSA-cases (n=2,384), including spa-type MRSA, during 2008–2010. Results: There is a statistically significant increase in total MRSA cases from 2008 (IR 13.9/100,000) to 2010 (IR 18.7/100,000). Registered outbreaks of MRSA (44 outbreaks, 227cases, 98 % reported from healthcare services), have a statistical significant decrease during the study (from IR 1.9/100,000 to IR 1.3/100,000). We connected660 MRSA cases (27 % of all cases) to clusters;1,497 cases (62.8 %) were “single cases”.The statistically significant increase in MRSA cases resulted mainly from contact with high incidence countries (e.g.,traveling abroad, adoptions, refugees, immigration). Conclusions: Norway has a low incidence of MRSA. Concurring with the goal of national MRSA guidelines, this study shows that healthcare services reported a decline in MRSAcases and outbreaks. The increasing incidence of community-acquired MRSA raises a question about recommending stronger infection control measures in the national MRSA guidelines to prevent the spread of MRSA in the community.
ISBN 978-91-86739-99-7
Linsenhoff, Alkvin, and Lina Persson. "Upplevelser av att vara bärare av MRSA." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-4401.
Full textBackground: Staphylococcus aureus ability to develop a resistance towards antibiotics constitutes a global issue. The numbers of individuals suffering from MRSA in Sweden are relatively few in comparison to other European countries or even the world. Previous research has shown that caregivers describe a feeling of being uncomfortable in the contact with patients carrying MRSA and experienced insufficiency regarding usage of routines and guidelines. Aim: The aim was to investigate the experiences of being a MRSA carrier. Method: The work has been developed within the framework of a literature overview. Ten articles were included in the literature overview results, all of which were retrieved from the CINAHL database Plus with Full Text. Results: In the literature overview it was shown that individuals struggling with MRSA had experienced undignified treatment from health care providers, and those caregivers, at times, had demonstrated unwillingness towards any contact with the individuals. Individuals with MRSA also felt unwelcome and unwanted by healthcare providers. It was also found that individuals with MRSA carrier status associated their illness with negative emotions. Discussions: The results were discussed on the basis Travelbees human-to-human theory of interpersonal relationships and in relation to other scientific literature. Healthcare should be a place free from violations and all individuals infected with MRSA should be able to expect a respectful treatment and that healthcare should be a place free from prejudices. The nurse should focus on the healthy parts of the individual, which means that an individual with MRSA is not to be equated with the diagnosis in their contact with healthcare providers.
Edvardsson, Caroline, and Amanda Engman. "Att känna sig som ett hot mot sin omgivning : patienters erfarenheter av att vara smittade med MRSA : en litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-6696.
Full textBackground: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a growing problem in Sweden and worldwide. It is common to be a carrier of MRSA without having any symptoms. However, MRSA can also cause infections that are painful and difficult to treat. The treatment options are few when infection is caused by MRSA and the antibiotic options that remain are expensive and can cause serious side effects. The most important measure for reducing the spread of MRSA in hospitals is that healthcare professionals have strict compliance with basic hygiene routines. Aim: To describe patients’ experiences of being infected with MRSA Method: A literature review was conducted and ten scientific papers were reviewed. Eight of the articles had a qualitative design, one were quantitative and one had a mixed method design. The articles were analyzed and data was organized into themes. Results: The results of the literature review were arranged into two main themes and five sub themes. The first main theme: Patients' experiences of living with MRSA have two associated subcategories: The impact on patients' daily lives and Stigmatization. Under the second main theme Patients' experiences of being cared for MRSA following sub themes are found: Experiences of isolation, Lack of knowledge and Information and lack of knowledge in healthcare professionals. Discussion: The results of the literature review are discussed on the basis of Katie Eriksson's theory of suffering with the following concepts in focus: disease suffering, care suffering and life suffering. The main findings discussed are lack of knowledge, isolation and the treatment of health care professionals.
Lindqvist, Amelia, and Axelzon Cecilia. "Patienters upplevelser av isolering på grund av MRSA : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-5741.
Full textBackground: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is spreading globally. To reduce the spread of infection the national guidelines shows that healthcare professionals needs to isolate the MRSA-positive patients. The basic hygiene is also important. Aim: To describe the patient's experiences of isolation due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a ward. Method: This literature review contains ten caring science articles from the data bases CINAHL complete, Pubmed and MEDLINE. Results: The results are presented in three themes: the first theme is Patients' positive experiences of isolation. The second theme patients’ negative experiences of isolation is divided into three subthemes: Patients' descriptions of the carers´ attitude towards them in isolation, uncertainty related to that the staff do not follow the guidelines for isolation and feelings that occur in the patient in isolation. The third theme Measures to reduce the negative experiences of isolation is divided into two subthemes: The importance of good information, and the importance of the environment. Discussion: Healthcare professionals find it difficult to take care of MRSA-positive patient and there is a lack of knowledge, which in turn may be a threat to equal care per Swedish health care law. Katie Erikssons caritative theory and the concept of suffering has been used to discuss this literature reviews result
Tumin, Rachel Ann. "Social and healthcare factors of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus resistance to targeted antibiotics." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1311691184.
Full textEgbers, Nina [Verfasser]. "Multiparametrische MRT und MRT-gestützte Biopsie bei Patienten mit Prostatakarzinomverdacht : Nachweisgenauigkeit und Akzeptanz der MRT-gestützten Biopsie / Nina Egbers." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1113593032/34.
Full textNilsson, Grimstad Kristoffer. "Evaluation of the Oxford Nanopore Minion for the identification and differentiation of MRSA and non-MRSA isolates." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-18528.
Full textEkman, Elin, and Erika Eriksson. "Ett liv med MRSA - ur de drabbade personernas perspktiv. : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för omvårdnad, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-178174.
Full textBackground: Antibiotic resistance constitutes a big global threat. One of the resistantbacteria is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This bacterium can causeinfections of varied severity. There is an absence of systematic reviews that describes thelived experience among people living with MRSA and these could be important for nursesto be able to provide good nursing care for the persons living with MRSA. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the lived experience among people living with MRSA. Methods: Nine qualitative articles were reviewed, analyzed and compiled for thisliterature study. Results: The analysis resulted in three main categories: “To experience concern about thefuture and lack of knowledge”, “To experience negative experiences during the hospitalstay” and “To experience personal and everyday changes”. Conclusion: The result from the literature study shows that persons living with MRSA describes experiences of worries about the future and lack of knowledge about the disease.They also described experiences of lack of knowledge among healthcare. The nurse canwith increased knowledge of MRSA likely contribute to increasing knowledge about thedisease among persons with MRSA and reduce their worries.
Adielsson, Camilla. "Växt av meticillinresistenta staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) i vårdrum på sjukhus i Region Halland efter vård av patient med känd MRSA : Koppling till riskfaktorer." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-16612.
Full textIntroduction: Evolution of antibiotic resistant bacteria poses a major threat to public health. All patients are entitled to a non-infectious care environment; despite the fact that infectious transmission in health care is possible. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in patients, staff and in health care environment represents such a threat. In infection prevention in health care established routines in patient care, handling of medical equipment and cleaning in care environment are essential. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the fraction of MRSA positive environmental sampling following terminal cleaning of a room where a patient with confirmed MRSA was treated, and to assess whether potential patient’s risk factors and/or length of hospital stay influenced the result. Methods: Quantitative study with consecutive material consisting of data from in total 180 environmental samplings performed in Region Halland. The material has been processed with the statistic program SPSS, and analyzed with Chi2 test. Results: In 14 % (25 out of 180) of the environmental samplings MRSA was detected. A statistically significant association between prevalence of patient risk factors as wounds/skin lesions, drainage, catheters, tracheostomy or other artificial body openings could not be shown. However, a hospital stay exceeding 24 hours significantly increased risk of detecting MRSA in the patient room after terminal cleaning. Conclusion: Quality of terminal cleaning is important in preventing transmission of MRSA in health care environment and probably more important than the impact of patient risk factors. However, length of hospital stay is a factor worth consideration and can possibly be used to influence care routines in prevention of transmission of MRSA in health care environment.