Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'MS 3000'
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Schäfgen, Katrin. "Die Verdoppelung der Ungleichheit." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14430.
Full textRulffes, Evke. "Die angewiesene Frau." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18661.
Full textIn order to understand the concept of the housewife, I took a look at an advice book from the late Enlightenment, the first German household book that addressed exclusively women: Die Hausmutter in allen ihren Geschäfften (The Complete Guide to the activities of the Mistress of the Household) by Christian Friedrich Germershausen, a rural pastor. It was published around 1780, and consisted of five volumes à ca. 900 pages of practical knowledge about how to run a rural estate. It marks a unique position between traditional Hausväterliteratur and household literature from the 19th century. The author belonged to a movement that tried to introduce agricultural reforms. Historical research looking into this ‚Economic Enlightenment‘ has so far neglected the role of women in it. Germershausen, nevertheless, regards the Hausmutter as an important figure in the process of communicating and realizing this knowledge. Equally important is her task to establish the social order in the house: the status in feudal society is defined with the help of food. Having guests for dinner, she is supposed to find the right balance between decadence and parsimony. The servants mustn’t be served food the author regards as too good for them. Eventually, the requested thriftiness doesn’t only concern the servants, but also the Hausmutter herself. During the 19th century, the bourgeois housewife, layperson and unpaid, consequently takes over more and more tasks. This development started with motherhood being idealized in the late Enlightenment, apparent in the last volume of the Hausmutter. While Germershausen still addresses his reader as competent manager in the first four volumes, his tone changes in the last volume, as the subject turns to pregnancy, motherhood, and the upbringing of daughters. The author changes his strategy propagating his ideal of the Hausmutter: from societal pressure of heteronomy to self-discipline and control of affects by means of a guilty conscience.
Soltaninejad, Ali. "Family caregivers’ quality of life: the case of schizophrenia and affective disorders (A mixed method study)." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18604.
Full textSevere mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia and affective disorders, have a considerable impact on the lives of not only patients but also their caregivers. Discovering the quality of life and its contributing factors for family caregivers of patients with mental illnesses helps health-care professionals as well as the system to work better with family caregivers. Also, it helps the caregivers to cope with patients in an adaptive way. The study aimed to identify the burden and quality of life of caregivers, their specific needs and coping strategies. Also, it aimed to develop a new questionnaire to measure caregivers’ quality of life. This study applied a mixed-method approach with three exploratory, quantitative and supplementary phases. The qualitative exploratory phase of the study was conducted via semi-structured interviews with 45 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders. Data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis. The quantitative phase was designed to develop and validate a new instrument to measure caregivers’ quality of life as well as to provide main questions of the interview for the supplementary phase of the study. The supplementary phase of the study was conducted by semi-structured interviews with 18 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders. Data were analyzed by grounded theory analysis. Findings of the study identified main burdens that the caregivers endured; additionally, main factors which contributed to the quality of life were revealed by developing and validating a new questionnaire. Findings of the supplementary phase of the study identified the core concept of caregiving experience as well as its main categories. Also, it proposes different kinds of coping strategies that caregivers adopted. Furthermore, this phase shows the trajectory of caregiving experience and coping strategies in different phases of the illness. The study provides some suggestions for the system, health-care professionals as well as caregivers in order to increase caregivers’ quality of life and to lessen the intention to entrust patients to an institutional take care center.
Krieger, Magdalena. "A Gendered Look at Integration: The Employment of Immigrant Women and Men in Germany." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22872.
Full textWomen and men are on the move, yet their employment experiences after migration differ. To date, evidence on underlying reasons is scarce. Hence, this dissertation develops a framework for understanding migration, gender, and employment. This framework argues that gender inequalities are reinforced across migration. In its empirical chapters, this dissertations tests three mechanisms hypothesized to drive this process. This dissertation’s first paper addresses the following question: How do dynamics in couples’ decision to migrate impact the employment of migrant women and men? Theoretically, this puzzle is discussed with regard to tied migration theory. Empirically, the paper analyzes data on couples’ migration decisions from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). The results show that migrant men who drove decisions are vocationally more successful after migration than men whose partners initiated migration. The second paper of this dissertation asks: How does migration impact the time spent on domestic work of immigrant women and men? Therefore, the paper draws on theoretical notions of Neoclassical Economic and Bargaining Theory, ideas of Gender Construction, and integrates migration-specific aspects. For its analyses, the paper uses SOEP data and couples’ time use. The results of this paper indicate that the time spent on domestic work increases drastically for migrant women and men after migration, yet only in the short-term. The third empirical paper of this dissertation looks at female migrants’ socialization. It asks: How does adolescent socialization impact the employment of immigrant women? The paper’s hypotheses are based on Socialization Theory, it bases its analyses on SOEP data. The paper concludes that mothers and their socialization efforts can buffer societal impacts. Overall, this dissertation emphasizes the significance of gendered integration research and the necessity to further explore the differential employment of migrant women and men.
Sehgal, Reena. "Gender Inequality and Habitus at the Indian Workplace." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21238.
Full textThis thesis highlights the important components of the habitus of Indian workplaces of private and public sector organisations in Delhi and establishes how gender inequalities prevalent in both work sectors are deeply embedded in their habitus. The connection between habitus and gender inequalities is demonstrated by research and field studies conducted within this project that exhibit how the scale, perception, reaction and overall approach to sexual harassment at the workplace differs extensively between fields of public and private sector. Sexual harassment and inappropriate behaviour at the workplace are used as signifiers for the exposition of gender inequality in public and private sectors. Therefore, this thesis constitutes the exploration of two central concepts i.e. habitus and gender inequalities by studying the understanding of and approach towards sexual harassment in the two sectors and thus, substantiate the linkage betwixt habitus and gender inequality at the Indian workplace.
Larsson, Maria. "Chemical and bioanalytical characterisation of PAH-contaminated soils : identification, availability and mixture toxicity of AhR agonists." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-30070.
Full textOther funders: Sparbanksstiftelsen Nya and Ångpanneföreningen
Will, Anne-Kathrin. "Verhandeln + behandeln = Psychologisierung menschlicher Leidenserfahrungen." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16064.
Full textFrom 1992 until 1995 about 35 thousand Bosnian war refugees fled to Berlin and were allowed to stay temporarily. After the end of the war in 1995 they were expected to leave as soon as possible. Traumatized persons and elderly without relatives in Bosnia had the possibility to prolong their visa until Bosnia is reconstructed. But the rebuilding process progressed only slowly. With the end of the war did not start the expected peace time and rebuilding but the consolidation of ethnic borders inside democratic structures. Therefore many refugees did not see a possibility to return to their property and tried to delay their return. This was possible with an medical statement certifying a war related posttraumatic stress disorder and their psychotherapeutic treatment. These medical statements ensured the extension of the visa for the concerned person and its family members. From 2000 onwards they could receive a permanent residence title. The connection of a mental illness and psychotherapy with residence entitlements is a novelty in the German aliens law. And despite the fact that psychiatrists and psychologists from Berlin were leading actors in the establishment of the „regularization of the traumatized“ their medical/psychological statements were impeached by the authorities. The dissertation describes the viewpoints of refugees, treating physicians and psychologists and the authorities and how they interact with each other. Additionally is the concept of posttraumatic stress disorder examined and discussed as „boundary object“ (Star/Griesemer 1989). An important aspect is the description of life worlds and tactics of the refugees to get along in Berlin, to gain respect and appreciation for their situation. Their needs were translated into a psychotherapeutic demand and this led to the invention of a new field of work and professionalization for psychotherapists in Berlin. This development is critically reflected.
Kersten-Pejanic, Roswitha. "Die Macht von Sprachnormen." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18615.
Full textThis dissertation thesis, which was defended in May 2016, deals with linguistic manifestations of gender conceptualizations in current written language usage in Croatia. The importance of gender for the linguistic naming of people is considered and analyzed from both a synchronic and a diachronic perspective on language. In addition to linguistic and prescriptive sources, the material of this study consists of daily newspapers and material from the Croatian feminist-queer community as well as oft he results of a perception study and expert inteviews. The thesis deals with three central questions: 1. How do social gender conceptions influence questions of linguistic standardization processes and how are these conceptions inscribed in dominant discourses about correctness in language use? 2. What effect do linguistic norms have on gendered conceptions of people and what is the cognitive effect of alternative naming practices? 3. What meaning is allocated to questions of gender-fair language use in political and activist efforts of gender experts in Croatia and what strategies do Croatian gender experts use to avoid discriminatory language use?
Ngalinda, Innocent. "Age at First Birth, Fertility, and Contraception in Tanzania." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14446.
Full textHofmann, Roswitha, and Amelie Cserer. "Forschungsbericht "Lesben am Werk". Explorationsstudie zur Erwerbstätigkeit lesbischer Frauen in Österreich." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2010. http://epub.wu.ac.at/2791/1/WorkingPaper3.pdf.
Full textGomo, Charity [Verfasser]. "Government social assistance transfers, income inequality and poverty in South Africa: a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) - Microsimulation (MS) Model / Charity Gomo." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1077768036/34.
Full textOlbrich, Sophie. "Prägt der Beruf das Vatersein?" Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16902.
Full textThe current discussion about „new fathers“ assumes a significant correlation between work context and father engagement. But exactly which factors influence paternal identity and a distinct interpretation of fatherhood? Besides social structural variables like position within the labor market or income, this dissertation measures additional influencing variables like fathers’ preferences and partnership variables on father identity. The concept of father identity is based on seven subjective dimensions: mental strain, gain, patience, time/relationship, ability to assert oneself and releasability. Evaluating this concept of paternal identity shows that factors related to employment have less influence on fathers’ identities as may expected. Furthermore, this study shows that fathers’ identity is influenced by a mixture of socio-structural and non-sociostructural factors alike. These have to be measured in a multidimensional model. Data comes from self-administered questionnaires among 166 fathers. The evaluation of the concept of paternal identity was done by quantitative bivariate and multivariate statistical methods.
Barwick, Christine. "Moving out or staying put?" Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Kultur-, Sozial- und Bildungswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17306.
Full textThe present work deals with neighborhood choice of upwardly mobile Turkish-Germans, analyzing their motives for staying in a socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhood, or moving from a disadvantaged to a more advantaged one. Furthermore, the consequences of moving or staying are analyzed, in terms of social capital, network composition, and processes of identification. The focus is twofold. First, the recurring question is for the relevance of place, and specifically the neighborhood as community. Second, particularly when dealing with networks and identification(s), the question is whether there are processes of groupness and social closure, based on ethnic or social class background. For the Turkish-Germans, the neighborhood presents a place which ideally contains a particular set of social relations, emerging through public familiarity and expressed in shared moments of sociability. If these characteristics are present in a neighborhood, irrespective of socioeconomic status, practical and symbolic neighborhood use is high. If a neighborhood, on the other hand, is characterized by anonymity and hostility towards ethnic minorities, neighborhood use is low. In turn, other places with high public familiarity and sociable relations are frequented, which then become important in symbolic terms, for identification.
Sanada, Kie. "Symbolic Violence via the Principle of Equality of Opportunity: The mechanism of persisting structure of social inequality in a village community in contemporary Japan." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18395.
Full textThis doctoral research demonstrates how the structures of social hierarchy of the past have been perpetuated while acquiring different justifications and appearances in a legally justifiable manner. In the first chapter, I demonstrate that the commonly used egalitarian principle in today’s society, namely Fair Equality of Opportunity, hand in hand with meritocracy, functions as a translator of the existing structures of social hierarchy into politically justifiable disparities between individuals. I approach the un-derlying mechanism of persisting inequality by using the theory of symbolic domination proposed by Pierre Bourdieu. He explains that the existence of social inequality is justified because individual social positions are misrecognised as being the direct results of individual achievements via meritocracy. Widespread belief in fair social competition can thus contribute to concealing existing structures of social hierarchy behind the logic of equality and freedom. My thesis is empirically based on a rural fishing village in Japan. The overarching research question is: Is a concept of life as being the direct result of personal achievements internalised and acted upon by individuals to perpetuate the existing structure of social inequality in the society in which they live? My empirical study shows that the families that were powerful during the feudal era now occupy the highest social positions in the community-building project. Furthermore, both the powerful and the marginalised members of the local society accept their social positions in the community as being the direct results of their own individual achievements, without any conscious intention to perpetuate the feudal hierarchy of power. Given these affirmative answers to my research question, hermeneutically, I establish the explanatory power of my theoretical framework.
Borghi, Paolo. "Self-employed collective representation." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22017.
Full textThis work explores, in a comparative perspective, the emerging field of self-employment representation in Italy and Germany. In doing so the traditional organizations and the new ones are the main focus as well their representation strategies. The theoretical approach is based on the idea that both new organisations and the traditional ones are involved in the same emerging strategic action field (Fligstein & McAdam, 2012). The concept of field is discussed starting from the seminal work of Pierre Bourdieu, passing through the theoretical approach promoted by the Neo-Institutionalist School. The theory of emerging ‘strategic action fields’ has been complemented by the ethnographic perspective on complex organizations proposed by Barbara Czarniawska (1992, 2004, 2009) in order to fully understand the reasons and motivations for their choices made and their positions. In this regard, the classic approach to the study of organizations that focuses on the sensmaking process (Weick, 1979, 1995, 2009) was fundamental. Shapes, structures, rules governing the organisations as well as their resources have also been considered. After that the representations strategies have been analysed and compared both within different organisations in the same country and between similar organisations in Italy and Germany. The external environment populated by allies, enemies and other relevant players such as public institutions has been taken into account through the point of view of the key actors and through the analysis of documents. Finally the urban dimension, one of the relevant variable that influence the structuring process of self-employment representation has been considered.
Künzel, Annegret. "Auserwähltes Wissen." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16111.
Full textThis doctoral thesis presents empirical results of an interdisciplinary study, which explores the configuration of ‘gender mainstreaming’ with feminist theory in German municipalities. The results are based on the analysis of municipal documents and qualitative interviews in ten German municipalities. Drawing on the example of the strategy of ‘gender mainstreaming’ this study emphasizes the theoretical configuration of gender policy with components and elements of feminist knowledge. It shows to what extend different generations or bundles of feminist theory are of particular relevance for political practice. The study presents empirical evidence that the configuration of ‘gender mainstreaming’ predominantly refers to a small range of feminist theories, while specific feminist theories like very recent theoretical trends are expelled. As a consequence feminist knowledge is not only extremely fractured, but also creates rupture zones when being transferred into political practice. Concluding the study raises the question for the actual effects of this exclusive usage of feminist theory within political practice and political movements.
Gülzau, Fabian. "Cultural Patterns in Parenting." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20119.
Full textThe thesis at hand investigates conceptions and practices of parenthood in Germany. How families approach their childrearing has attracted growing interest in politics, science, and by (education) professionals. Today, parents are encouraged to seek expert advice to inform their childrearing. Such advice often involves the expenditure of considerable amounts of time and money. At the same time, the state has become increasingly active in the intimate life of families and, in particular, their parenting practices. As a result, the cultural models of parenthood in Germany have been changed. At the background of these changes, I designed three papers that analyze (1) the conditions of family policy change, (2) the way parents adopt changing expectations and demands, and (3) the relationship between parenting practices and social class. In order to address these questions, the respective articles use survey and digital data as well as methods from the computational social sciences (CSS). In sum, the dissertation expands our knowledge on the current recalibration of parenthood in Germany. It also introduces innovative methods from CSS to family sociology. Finally, cultural models of parenthood are proposed as a way to organize the research on changing standards and norms of parenthood.
Güney-Frahm, Irem. "„Arbeitende Hausfrauen“ auf der Suche nach dem besseren Leben." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17777.
Full textThis thesis deals with the question whether or not and to what extent microcredit programmes contribute to women’s empowerment. A qualitative analysis of the Turkish Grameen programme in Eskişehir, Western Anatolia, provides the empirical case study to address the question. The theoretical and methodological approaches to the concept of empowerment adapt and build on the capability approach, the sociological concept of ‘conduct of daily life’ and on the literature on gender and development and patriarchy in Turkey. In the empirical analysis, the study identifies three different approaches to women’s empowerment through microcredits that are compared, contrasted and discussed. In addition to the perspective of the participants themselves for whom empowerment is defined as an improved conduct of everday life, there is the author’s understanding of empowerment which is rooted in a perspective that is liberal-feminist yet critical of globalization. The third perspective is that of employees working for the microcredit institution who transmit their understanding of empowerment to the participating women. The results show that participants overall connect microcredits with positive experiences in spite of a number of problems that arise in the course of the programme. Moreover, employees see the programme very uncritically as women’s empowerment from their point of view consists primarily in enabling women to better provide for their families’ needs. From the author’s perspective, however, the results indicate a largely unchanged persistence of gender inequality marked by women’s marginalization on the labour market and in society as a whole.
Müller, Miriam. "Girls’ Agency and Decision-making around Teenage Motherhood – A qualitative study in Nicaragua." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20388.
Full textNicaragua has one of the highest adolescent fertility rates in the region. The objective of this study is to understand the subtle concepts, perceptions, beliefs, and influencing factors that may lead to different fertility outcomes among young women. The results are based on qualitative data collected in urban Nicaragua. The study shows that two structural constraints affect women’s choices and their capacity to actively participate in defining their life paths: poverty and traditional gender norms. Growing up in a poor environment not only means monetary deprivation, but also exposure to a lack of quality education, a lack of effective and timely access to health services, violence in neighborhoods, an absence of opportunities in the labor market, and a lack of positive role models. In addition, traditional gender norms affect young women’s sexual behavior, their interactions with their families and partners, and the way they envision their lives. Those factors have implications not only for the process of decision-making, but also for the outcomes of those decisions for the young women and their children.
Matuschek, Ingo. "Zeit und Devianz." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14518.
Full textSet in a theoretical perspective of time the dissertation focuses on how deviant behavior of adolescents is structured by subjective perception of time and socially-managed time frameworks. Accordingly, the first chapters survey sociological theories of time. The main focus of the dissertation is on the reconstruction of individual time schemes. Based on a longitudinal study, the dissertation deals with relevant attitudes and everyday conduct as well as process patterns and consequences in the context of changeover of status from school to occupation. Special attention is paid to the phenomenon of boredom and how it is dealt with. In conclusion the meaning of socially-managed time is summarized in relation to deviant behavior.
Pilz, Madlen. "Das ist nicht georgisch!" Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20108.
Full textWhat are the characteristics of post-socialist cities? This question underlies my research about the post-socialist transformations in the Georgian capital Tbilisi, carried out between 2008 and 2012. I understand the notion ‘post-socialist’ as an indicator for a specific form of transformation and as a practice of differentiation from the ‘socialist’: the socialist urban landscape and everyday life. Based on the comparison of touristic city-maps from 1980 and 2008 I carve out the transformations of the urban representation and conceptualization of the city’s space. At the example of the anti-government protests in spring 2009, I analyse different protest practices and ascriptions applied to different political actors. The analytical focus is put on the central topics negotiated around the protests: on the understanding of civil society and the subsequent (in-)visibility of the actors of the protests as well as on the motivations to protest and the strategies of their depolitization. A transect through the city opens the view on different practices of transforming urban public and private spaces, asking for different degrees and ways of participating in the process of societal modernization. In sum, the analysis reveals how the new Georgian nation building excludes the ‘socialist’ through the construction and stigmatization of a ‘socialist habitus’, therewith, inhibiting a critical revision of the ongoing neoliberal transformations.
Kröger, Hannes. "Unnatural selection." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17018.
Full textIn this PhD-thesis the social context of health selection processes on the German labor market are investigated theoretically and empirically. Based on human capital theory a number of hypotheses about the causal effect of subjective health and sickness absence on job status are derived. The theory is modified to allow the effect of health to vary with the degree of disadvantage a person faces and the degree of social closure of the job. In concrete terms, the moderating effect of gender and public versus private sector are investigated, as well as the occupational gender composition. The empirical analyses are based on the Socio-economic panel study (SOEP) using different methods to estimate causal effects of subjective health on subsequent job status. A decomposition of overall health inequalities into effects attributable to time-constant, time-varying confounders and into health selection processes is presented. The results show that health selection is present for women in the private sector, but not for men nor in the public sector. Sickness absence shows the strongest effects for men in the private sector, but not for women nor in the public sector. For the chosen setting, health selection processes are strongest in open positions and for groups that are disadvantaged.
Thalla, Satish. "Web Movements and Organic Intellectuals:." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20546.
Full textA new kind of social movements are not only introducing individuals from within the masses to new political and social topics, and raising their interest and activity in political education and participation, but also enabling their ability to learn, discuss, deliberate, share, and organize themselves for making the political institutions of the society to work for their interests. This hypothesis was formulated in order to aid the process of finding an answer to the research question: how are digital technologies helping in the development process of organic intellectuals? Based on the concepts presented by Manuel Castells and Antonio Gramsci, a qualitative analysis of the responses collected in four countries across four different continents using semi-structured interviews presented the evidence used to validate the above hypothesis. The research also examines couple of main aspects of the online environment in relation to a global web movement. One is relating to the major criticisms of online political participation such as 'Digital Divide', 'Clicktivism', and 'Simplification', while the second is relating to the dilution of the concept of 'Sovereignty'. The gathered data allows this research to argue against the criticisms, and problematize the concept of national sovereignty. This research questions the general assumption that a global action in support of local issues is based on solidarity, and presents a different perspective focused on the right to demand action based on an identification of global citizenship.
Hennig, Marina. "Wandel von Einstellungen und Werten unter dem Aspekt des Autoritarismus deutscher Eltern im Zeitvergleich." Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 1999. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=958028583.
Full textBernardo, Luís. "Religious Diversity in the Portuguese hospital sector." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19502.
Full textBetween 2001 and 2009, religious assistance in Portuguese public hospitals moved from a traditional chaplaincy model, where Roman Catholic chaplains stood as the only official religious representatives within hospital premises, to a legally enforced pluralistic model where religious diversity is both a challenge and a resource to religious actors. As a comparative case study of three high-end, public university hospitals in Portugal, this dissertation shows that religious assistance provision became contentious as the dominance exerted by the Roman Catholic Church in the specific case of religious assistance within hospitals was challenged by legal changes which are not fully implemented. Legal change towards a transition between traditional chaplaincies and Spiritual and Religious Assistance Services produced divergent results across the three cases studied in this dissertation, as the set of religious representatives within each hospital negotiated through specific local orders in order to achieve strategic goals. This divergent pattern is the most important research puzzle in this study. In this dissertation, it is proposed that religious assistance in public hospitals operates along four dimensions: the level of organizational integration of religious assistance services, their strategic orientation, their institutional underpinnings and their cognitive orientations. These dimensions determine, to a large extent, the patterns of strategic action by religious representatives within hospitals. This dissertation finds that each of the three cases studied, while integrated in a single legal and operational framework, diverge in their level of organizational integration and this is the core cause of all remaining differences across other dimensions.
Ostmann, Karin. "Problemlagen und Ressourcen von Familien in einem Krisengebiet am Beispiel von Berlin Neukölln-Nord." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17337.
Full textTopic: Problem situation and resources of families in an area of crisis, exemplified by Neukölln-North This dissertation is investigating the question why people remain living in a district of Berlin, that is considered a social hot spot or why they move away. Furthermore, - looking at the families who don''t leave - there is the question of their reasons for staying in Neukölln-North. What do these families expect for themselves and their children? Which resources can they mobilize in order to put into effect their personal preferences and conception of life as well as those of their children in this borough. Theoretically this thesis follows the concepts of Anglo-Saxon authors like Brooks-Gunn. She and her team implement Coleman''s theory of social capital and the socio economic approach of Urie Bronfenbrenner and examine on this foundation the contexts of family and children. Backed by qualitative interviews and a network questionnaire they categorize families. Thus 4 types have emerged: the contend families; the dissatisfied ones, that migrate; the not-so-happy ones, who plan to move away and the active inhabitants of Neukölln, who interfere and campaign for their personal needs. In reference to the detailed description of the characteristics of these 4 types the question could be answered if the parent''s contentment depends solely on the extent of their resources, meaning their social capital. The result is that rather different criteria than sort and extent of the parental social capital played a role in the decision of moving away or staying. Concluding there will be given perspectives and suggestions about the right kind of politics, that takes seriously the needs of families in social hot spots like Neukölln-Nord and eventually leads to the stay or return of parents.
Carr, Constance. "Social spatial borders delimiting difference in Berlin." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16063.
Full textThis ideational dissertation delves into the philosophy and theory of social space, and arrives at a theoretical vision of social space which can help explain social processes in Berlin. Drawing on Lefebvre, theories of difference and multiplicity are spatialised. Conversely, drawing on theories of difference and multiplicity from transnational urbanism and feminist geography, the limits of Lefebvre’s theory of social difference are exposed. While the theories of Lefebvre are heavily based on Marx, the feminist poststructural theories of difference are based in the discourse on infinite flexibility, fragmentation, and radical multiplicity. There is thus a gaping cleft between the two theoretical perspectives. To illustrate the limitations and possibilities of these perspectives, two social phenomena are described. The first involves the post-Wall squatter scene in Berlin. The second involves experiences of newcomers in Berlin. By examining the theory of produced space from Lefebvre, the theories of coeval and flexible multiplicity from Doreen Massey, the theories transnational feminist geographies of Geraldine Pratt, and the imagery of flexible everything from Zygmunt Bauman, some theoretical borders of squatters and newcomers come into focus. The geographies of squatter movements and newcomers’ history reveal not only a profound lack of centrality, rather an extensive trans-territorial network. They also show that difference is deeply spatialised and material. A bridge between Lefebvre and poststructuralist difference might be found in the rethinking Lefebvre’s necessary centrality of social space, as the economic reductionism his Marxism requires. At the same time, the discourse on difference might benefit from a deeper analysis of the materiality of space. This dissertation is therefore an entry point into the general rethinking of social space.
Gruijters, Rob Jan. "Beyond Filial Piety: Intergenerational Relations and Old Age Security in Contemporary China." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18141.
Full textThis dissertation assesses the state of intergenerational relations in contemporary China, and discusses its implications for old age security. Historically, the role of the Chinese state in the provision of old age security has been minimal, and caring for older people is primarily seen as a family responsibility. The Confucian norm of filial piety obliges adult children to provide their parents with financial and material support as well physical care and assistance. In recent decades, however, traditional Chinese family norms and customs have been challenged by a number of socio-economic, demographic and cultural changes. As a result there is a widespread belief ‒both in academic literature and in the public discourse‒ that filial piety and related forms of intergenerational family support are on the decline, raising concerns about the well-being of older generations. In this study, I look at three main aspects of intergenerational relations or family solidarity: structural solidarity (proximity), functional solidarity (the provision of care and financial support) and associational solidarity (social contact), as well as their interrelations. Using a nationally representative dataset of Chinese families, I argue that the observed patterns neither correspond to the traditional demands of filial piety, nor indicate a crisis of intergenerational family solidarity. Instead, they reflect families' pragmatic efforts to renegotiate and adapt their relationships in the face of a rapid structural change. The capability to adapt is not equally distributed, however, and it is often the more vulnerable groups that have comparatively weaker ties to adult children.
Wortmann, Sabine. "Lebensstilkonflikte sozialer Minderheiten im Berliner Quartiersmanagementgebiet Schöneberger Norden." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15755.
Full textThis dissertation, about lifestyle-related problems in the Berlin district of “Schöneberger Norden,” addresses the conflict between two culturally very different groups within the neighbourhood. It concerns primarily the offences by mainly Arabic young men against homosexuals and homosexual initiatives in Schöneberger Norden. In the debate over cultural disintegration, the question arises how these different groups can manage to live together in peaceful coexistence, given their radically different attitudes towards sexual freedom. The theoretical context of this research is informed: by Simmel´s urban theory that an indifferent tolerance is the guarantor of peaceful coexistence among individuals with different lifestyles; and by the idea that lifestyles form moments of integration. The thesis relates three different case studies and shows that the peaceful coexistence in “Schöneberger Norden” is under threat for the above mentioned minorities. This assumption is tested and verified through the qualitative analysis of expert interviews. An evaluation of the interviews and of a group discussion with young Arabic men showed that the failure of the integration process was correlated to a strong common acceptance of the use of violence among socially disadvantaged youth with migration backgrounds. Various proposals to promote mutual acceptance among the minority groups through modes of non-violent communication conclude the presentation of the results.
Läzer, Katrin Luise. "Politische Einstellungen in privilegierten und benachteiligten Großstadtquartieren in Deutschland." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15762.
Full textIn the course of structural change from an industrial society to a service society large cities in Germany and Europe undergo a profound economic, social and political process of change, which leads to a sharper segregation in the cities. The social spatial concentration of unemployment, poverty and social exclusion in underprivileged city areas removes such areas in their social standards and life chances far from the urban life of the majority. This raises the question of urban social and political integration. The doctoral thesis is dedicated to one aspect of the question regarding integration of cities. It focuses on the political perceptions and attitudes of their citizens. A noticeable declining of turnouts of voters and an increasing “disenchantment with politics”, which signal the disappointment and resignation of disadvantaged groups toward policy, and a tendency towards desolidarization in privileged areas give reason to analyze political attitudes in cities. Therefore, the doctoral thesis deals with local political attitudes in privileged and underprivileged city areas in four cities: Berlin, Cologne, Leipzig and Mannheim. Political attitudes are operationalized as political trust, the perception of responsivity of local policy, political participation as well as solidarity, social confidence and social commitment. A telephone poll was carried out with 400 standardized interviews in each of four privileged and four underprivileged quarters. In total, 3200 interviews were conducted and included in the statistical analysis.
Lehmann, Heiko. "Verordneter Ruhestand. Untersuchung zum Transfer sozialstaatlicher Institutionen im deutschen Vereinigungsprozeß am Beispiel des Vorruhestands." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14433.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the effect of early retirement on the lives of East Germans, the function of this aspect of institutional transfer and its consequences for the job market and socio-political structures. The term coined by the author to describe this process is "prescribed retirement". Comprehensive empirical analysis based on a theoretical model has been used to demonstrate in subjective, biographical terms how "prescribed retirement" is experienced and dealt with within the problematical context of German unification. This account shows clearly that, while generating a uniform set of institutional norms, the institutional transfer necessitated by unification has also served to produce and heighten differences in mentality between the respective citizens of the two former German states. In his conclusions, the author has set up a theoretically based and empirically differentiated typology of cultural patterns of action and withdrawal. His account demonstrates the many ways in which human lives can be linked with the history of the system. The obvious conclusion is that in view of the modernisation process, the problems of the welfare state will necessitate an increased contribution from its members in terms of effort, re-arrangement and responsibility.
Animento, Stefania. "Bringing Movement into Class Analysis." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22844.
Full textMigration has been studied for long time as a social problem, both for migrants and for sending and destination countries. However, research shows that migration has become increasingly differentiated along social, economic, gender and cultural lines. The present study unravels the concept of migration by introducing social class as a crucial intervening variable. It suggests considering mobility as an income-generating resource unevenly distributed across the population. How does the social class of migrants affect their mobility and the ways how it is incorporated into a migration regime? How is mobility related to processes of class formation in contemporary capitalism? The study focusses on the case of young Italian migrants who moved to Berlin after the economic crisis of 2008. Firstly, it tackles the rise, decline and renaissance of the class concept, showing the blind spots of class analysis. Secondly, the empirical part, based on a web survey, 40 interviews, 3 focus groups and several participant observations, explains how Italian migrants access resources in Berlin developing a life conduct predicated on mobility. The imperative to move spills over from the domain of spatial mobility into the domain of work, with the refusal of doing the same job “forever”, and into that of reproduction, with the construction of flexible forms of emotional engagement. The research highlights how newcomers enter processes of social differentiation on the housing and labor market. Endless mobilization of young labour force appears as the main policy goal for the governance of intra-EU migration. The analysis finally suggests considering mobility as a class-related resource, whose ownership and control should become a crucial issue for the understanding of contemporary societies.
Fang, Lumin. "Symbolic Capital and the Reproduction of Inequality in Today's China." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20662.
Full textThis study specifically aims to explore whether or not inequality in today's China is reproduced from the historical state-socialist class system and, if so, how the reproduction of inequality happens. The sociocultural perspective allows for the interpretation of inequality as an unequal distribution of symbolic capital, which reveals that the symbolic mediation of human practice is the structural root of inequality. This symbolically mediated practice is called habitus, which has been systematically developed by Pierre Bourdieu and utilized to explain how the reproduction of inequality happens. As the embodied logic of human practice that is acquired from knowledge and experience within a symbolic world, habitus organizes human practice to seek out and reproduce the conditions from which the habitus has developed. With regard to the case of China in this dissertation, some state-socialist hierarchical arrangements are maintained in the form of symbolic inequalities under reform, and are defined together as a socialist socioculture that is hypothesized to mediate human practice in a market environment. These socialist hierarchical arrangements distinguish Chinese citizens along the lines of socialist symbolic capital. Empirically, the results of multiple correspondence analysis demonstrate that in both rural and urban China, the persistence of the state-socialist hierarchical system plays an important role in informing the social structure, even with the rise of emerging classes. Following the findings from the quantitative research, it was found that human practice in a meritocratic society is symbolically mediated by the socialist hierarchical legacies. Meanwhile, the maintenance of habitus acquired from the state-socialist hierarchical system is an invisible mechanism for reproducing inequality under reform.
Velasco, Mireya Arauz. "Armut in Mexiko-Stadt (Mexiko) und Berlin (Deutschland)." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17066.
Full textThe phenomenon of poverty is one of the most serious problems of big cities. The focus of this doctoral thesis is an examination of poverty in two major cities, which must be understood on a broader basis while considering social inequality, rising unemployment, deterioration of working and living conditions, income disparities, etc. These increasing characteristics are notable in cities of developed countries such as Berlin. The growing spread of poverty in industrialized societies and in emerging countries has led to a broader discussion about the phenomenon of poverty at the international level. This doctoral thesis analyzes the phenomenon of poverty in two major cities. Mexico City and Berlin are two different cities with similar social problems. Mexico City is a ,typicalʼ city in a emerging country, which is structurally as well as functionally different from cities of developed countries by the degree of social inequality and the pronounced gap between rich and poor. On the other hand, after its reunification Berlin faces problems of other large cities. In recent years the following phenomena have occurred: the emergence of new forms of poverty, a growing number of welfare recipients, an increasing migrant population without economic prospects etc. This study summarizes investigative findings and reports on poverty in Mexico City and Berlin together. The goal is not to collect new empirical data, but rather to emphasize the selection, presentation and analysis of various studies on poverty in both cities. The analysis focuses on poverty from the standpoint of common aspects, differing characteristics and the respective development trends in the two researched cities.
Marty, Christoph. "Wissenschaftskommunikation zur Exzellenzinitiative." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Kultur-, Sozial- und Bildungswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17638.
Full textThe Initiative for Excellence is a joint research funding program of the German Federal State and the 16 Länder. It aims at (1) increasing the international competitiveness of German universites and (2) making peaks within the German university system more visible. These goals motivate a rhetoric of scientific excellence which is - at least partly - not in line with the measurable impacts of the Initiative for Excellence on the German university system. This thesis contains a proposal for a model to analyze such symbolic constructions. For that reason, the goal "visibility" is discussed with reference to the theories of Michel Foucault, Pierre Bourdieu, Niklas Luhmann and Thomas Gieryn. The resulting synthesis guides the empirical work: Results of a quantitative framing analysis of media reporting on the Initiative for Excellence are combined with results from a survey of applicants and 19 qualitative interviews with journalists as well as members of the Grants Committee. The results document the stimulating effects of symbols in general and the importance of the decision-making-process for the Initiative for Excellence, in particular. Finally, the results motivate recommendations for a new research funding program.
Kröhnert, Steffen. "Ausprägung und Ursachen geschlechtsselektiver Abwanderung aus den neuen Bundesländern." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15934.
Full textBetween the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the year 2005, 1.6 million people have migrated from East Germany (the former German Democratic Republic – GDR) to West Germany. The majority of these migrants were female and between the ages of 18 and 29. This unbalanced migration has caused a disproportionate sex ratio in the East German population. The sex ratio (in the age group between 18 and 29) in 2005 was only 90 women per 100 men and in many remote counties the ratio was less than 85 to 100. In such a large and densely populated area this phenomenon is unique within Europe. This study identifies the development of a considerable discrepancy in educational levels between women and men in Eastern Germany as one important cause for the disproportionate sex ratio in migration. The higher educational level of women is not only an economic factor: Since women generally prefer partners with at least the same educational level, relationships between East German women and West German men has become much more likely than the opposite. As a cause for the discrepancy in educational levels the study highlights a clash between gender roles rooted in GDR history and structural changes that took place after German reunification. The role model of women – a high valuation of economic independence and orientation towards professions in the service sector – proves to be more adaptable to the economic and social changes in East Germany than the role model of men, whose classical vocations in industry and crafts experience a considerable devaluation.
Sántha, Ágnes Rózsa. "Lebensform „Single“ in Berlin und Budapest." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17532.
Full textMy paper examines the specific phases and turning points of the life course, which can influence the decision of young people to choose singleness as a way of life or become single by virtue of structural conditions. The research focuses on a group of young, urban singles from Berlin and Budapest. Singles are understood as those young adults at an age (30-40) typically devoted to family, living alone in their own household and having neither a durable partnership nor children. The population I studied is that of urban singles in their thirties from the upper social strata, having (at least) a university degree and being active in the labor market. The methodology used for this empirical research was conducting life course interviews, and based on this, working with the discourse analysis as a tool for analyzing narration. Experiencing a turning point is often perceived as an individual issue. However, there are some common features and types to be identified. I am not employing an individual perspective, but rather constructing typologies and inquiring about the common aspects of some important life occurrences, which to some extent explain the decision for singleness. Being single when one’s age cohort is building a family is not seen as a landmark or milestone, even less an achievement. Rather, in spite of its demographic growth, singleness is best understood as a hiatus or a period between turning points. Such turning points are: events in the family life in childhood, primarily divorce of the parents; degree of detachment from the parents; labour market entry and work arrangements; the experience of past partnerhip(s). Some of these occurrences are relevant for the way young people interpret personal autonomy and independence. Other factors, especially labor market uncertainties represent a structural reason eventually accounting for the status of single.
Schulz, Jürgen. "Management von Risiko- und Krisenkommunikation." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14685.
Full textThe phenomena risk and crisis as challenges facing the management of communications processes in business, politics, and society provide the subject for this work, the goal of which is a theoretically-based framework laying the groundwork for operative measures in communications with respect to risk and crisis situations. Having first defined relevant terms and conditions for communication, the work analyses risk and crisis communications from the standpoint of a game and illustrates the structures created as the game runs its course. These structures are crucial elements in determining not only participants' but also observers' freedom to act and the expectations they develop. In addition to a critical discussion of available models for the management of risk and crisis communications, the work contains the results of a standardized written polling of experts in the field of corporate communications. Crucial goals of this research were to identify and quantify apparent differences in the assessment of theory and practice. Observations as to how to maintain and ensure the continuation of communication systems provide the overlying framework for risk and crisis communications, for which aspects of image preservation, together with processes, rituals, and procedures, play an important role.
Frigger, Peter. "Knechtschaft und Symmetrie." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16963.
Full textRecognition is discussed today predominantly in social philosophy. But it also has a political-philosophical history and it is going through several changes. The prelude is the political philosophy of the 19th century. The first conversion passes through the discussion in the transition from Hegel''s Realphilosophie (1806) to his Phenomenology of Spirit in 1807. Abruptly was no longer the topos of recognition in the center of the discussion, but the master-servant relationship. The economic- philosophical turn in the irreconcilable opposition between capital and labor dominates the master-servant discussion since the 1840s until the publication of the Jena Hegel''s early writings. In practical politics it dominated until the collapse of the Soviet Union. The thesis begins with a state of the most important research published in Germany since 1931 discussion posts. As a result, the debate is carried out of the social philosophy in political philosophy. Not the socio-philosophical struggle for recognition, but the political and philosophical movement of recognition is the methodological guide through the last two centuries. It is a conflict-theoretical multi-stage model, which is here the investigation instrument for four prototypical thinkers of democratization and equality movements. G.W.F. Hegel, Karl Marx, Frantz Fanon and Simone de Beauvoir are still key witnesses, when it comes to legal reasoning, a classless society and humanity in which neither color nor sex are decisive for social and political position. Hegel, Marx, Fanon and de Beauvoir have designed their political philosophy with the thought of a movement of recognition. In the outlook, the movement is described as a highly detailed political analysis tool for thinking and concept formation. The work is for political theorists and practicians without much prior knowledge who want to acquire the recognition discussion profitable. It is one of the most important sources of European political philosophy.
Willenborg, Ansgar. "Der Einfluss des Aktivierenden Staates auf Familienpolitik in Deutschland und den Niederlanden." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16319.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the influence of the political-administrative ideal of the ‘activating state’ on German and Dutch family policy. It is studied to what extent parallels can be discerned between the family policies that are pursued by these two countries. It is clarified how the aforementioned ideal is converted into family policy, whilst also offering an answer to the question whether any convergences exist in the field of family policy as pursued within the European Union. In order to be able to answer this question, an ideal model for activating family policy has been created to facilitate a comparison between the two countries. This involves an inductive method in which the divergences and convergences of both countries have been worked out in greater detail. In view of the development of the ideal model, Bandemer’s indicators for the ‘activating state’ are studied in combination with Kaufmann’s family policy goals and instruments, and Esping-Andersen’s state intervention typologies for family policy. This is followed by a specification of the family policy goals and instruments based on an analysis of various documents. The goal of this investigation is to concretise the concept of activating family policy. Additionally, it is shown which ‘activating strategies’ have been used by both countries and how they have translated the ideal of an activating state. Not only does this offer an answer to the theoretical question about the use of activating policies in areas other than the often-evaluated labour market policies, but it also provides an overview of various activating examples. Using an analysis of the investigated instruments and the corresponding literature, a number of conclusions have been formulated about the convergences and divergences in the family policies that are pursued by these two countries. The dissertation ends with an assessment of the ideal’s gaps and shortcomings and a discussion about its possible further development.
Altangerel, Ganchimeg. "Der Sinn meines Lebens ist die Zukunft meiner Kinder." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19781.
Full textThis study is the only extensive ethnographic work to focus on the living conditions and experiences of single mothers in post-socialist Mongolia. Despite reaching an economic growth rate of 6.4 percent in 2018, the majority of Mongolia's population is still exposed to extreme economic precarity caused by political instability, corruption, unemployment and poverty. These compounded factors negatively impact the quality of life for many Mongolians and, in particular, affect vulnerable populations like e.g. the elderly, single-mother households and their children, etc. Consequently, this study will continue to increase in relevance as ethnography of precarious gendered livelihoods in economic transformation. At first, the author analyzes Mongolian concepts of morality and value by drawing on discourse theory. Based on this approach, the author also looks at historical images of single-mothers from the beginning of the 20th century throughout the socialist period until the political changes in the 1990s. The author has developed her insights from studying a wide array of archival material and relevant literature. The study presents a great number of case studies of lives lead by interviewed single-mothers in different places of Mongolia. This follows their children's gender-differentiated roles in detail within their respective environments. The empirical data is based on in-depth fieldwork. The study complements the women's discourses by also addressing the current images of men, which have been characterized by the public discourse since the social change.
Lippl, Maria. "Organic food boom - Biofoodkonjunktur als Reaktion auf medial vermittelte Risiken beim Lebensmittelkonsum." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16494.
Full textFor many years there has been a rise in the consumption of organic food in Germany and Italy. The causes for this increase are usually illustrated by rational choice theories or knowledge-based approaches. In this research, however, it is assumed that the increase in consumption is based on a complex and reciprocal connection between an action on either an individual level and/or societal level and coverage in the media. The individual and societal levels are interlinked and influence each other while being externally influenced by news coverage, especially food scandals reported in the media, publicly constructing the relationship with nature and behaviour patterns in relation to food consumption. The societal relationship with nature is conditioned, on the one hand, by social structure and by cultural biases on the other, which form together a certain "way of life". These assumptions are based on the Cultural Theory by Mary Douglas. To better cope with the complexity of modern societies and to make the model by Mary Douglas more flexible, the concept of groups has been replaced by the concept of networks. In the perspective of network analysis, the societal environment can be seen as a pattern of relations between interacting entities. Thus the so-called Phenomenological Network Theory by Harrison White pays attention not only to the network structures, but also the phenomenological level of symbolic interpretative patterns and practices. When mass media platforms are coupled with images of nature which are expected to rise on the individual level, provide new connection opportunities for consumers and influence their decision making regarding consumption. These connections transcend the boundaries of egalitarian, ''alternative'' lifestyles. Following this theoretical framework, it can be derived that organic food is no longer consumed only in egalitarian networks, but has also crossed the boundaries into other network types via so-called ‚brokers‘ and is increasingly practiced in these other networks. The more institutionalized the "brokers" are, the faster the spread of organic food consumption becomes. These assumptions are empirically tested on the basis of Network Text Analysis of food scandals in the mass media in Germany and Italy.
Nobis, Tina. "Politische Sozialisationsleistungen von Freiwilligenvereinigungen." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16551.
Full textThe ongoing debate on the citizens’ growing disenchantment with politics often focusses on political attitudes of adolescents. However, an increasing number of publications also address ways of political re-integration. Here, voluntary associations are perceived as schools of democracies that contribute to adolescents’ political socialization. It is claimed that membership in these associations induces civic mindedness, promotes positive feelings towards democracy and fosters political participation. This dissertation examines these assumptions: It gives an overview of the literature and empirically tests socialization mechanisms. Based on a secondary analysis of different surveys it is asked which particular political attitudes are socialized by the membership in voluntary associations. In addition, it is examined which types of voluntary associations contribute to political socialization. Furthermore, the dissertation also addresses the question if effects arise from active membership within these organizations and if selection effects account for correlations between associational membership and political attitudes.
Vogel, Claudia. "Flexible Beschäftigung und soziale Ungleichheit." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15632.
Full textA quarter of British employees and more than one in five German employees are part-timers, with a rising tendency in both countries. In this study, part-time as the most widespread type of flexible employment and their consequences are investigated to discuss opportunities and problems emerging for individual employees. Additionally, these consequences are compared for the strongly regulated German and the highly flexible British labour market. Proponents of flexible employment state that part-time gives labour market opportunities to those groups such as women which have been formerly excluded from the standard employment relationship, characterised by permanent full-time contracts (Inclusion hypothesis). Therefore, an equalisation between male and female employees is expected. In contrast, opponents of flexible employment argue that an expansion of part-time threatens existing employment standards and produces higher social inequality in a segmented labour market (Exclusion hypothesis). Evidence based on the British Household Panel Survey from 1991 to 2001 and the German Socio-economic Panel from 1984 to 1991 shows that part-time employment has a huge potential to integrate individuals in the labour market which has not been fully used so far. Especially for women, employment opportunities emerge. However, employees with high investments in their human capital are more interested in full-time employment to maximise their income as expected according to the human capital theory. Moreover, part-time episodes are on average of shorter duration and part-timers have a higher (lower) risk to experience downward (upward) mobility than their full-time employed counterparts. These results suggest that while there is a decrease of gender inequality in the labour market due to the increasing heterogeneity of both, female and male employees, there is still a need for more attractive part-time positions on the level of skilled work.
Osmonova, Kishimjan. "Experiencing Liminality." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20033.
Full textThe dissertation aims to answer the research question of what it means for various groups of individuals to live in Astana on a daily basis. As the new capital, Astana attracted a large number of internal migrants from various parts of Kazakhstan, who searched for better prospects and lives. Officially, the new capital is promoted by Kazakhstan’s government as “city of the future” and regards it as President Nazarbayev’s (1991-2019) most successful project. The dissertation offers an ethnographic contribution to urban experiences of migrants in Central Asia. The dissertation is divided into five main chapters. Chapter one offers an introduction to the theme and outlines major theoretical framework and the methodology on which the research is based. I apply the theory of the co-production of space (the social production and social construction of space) outlined by Setha Low to integrate the ‘spatial’ aspect as an integral part of my research. In addition, I employ the concept of liminality (Turner, 1967, Thomassen, 2014) as the central idea to analyze the stories of my informants. Within this framework, I argue that Astana’s unique urban space supports the emergence of liminal personae, liminal housing arrangements, lifestyles and career aspirations which are mutually connected and influence each other. Accordingly, the second chapter describes the newcomers who are defined as ‘priezzhie’ and occupy an in-between status. The third chapter looks at housing and focuses on renting in shared flats. The fourth chapter is about the dating experiences of young women. The last chapter is about achieving success and career aspirations of newcomers. In conclusion, I argue that liminality explains the temporary fixation of the ambiguous, conflicting, and unstable order which has emerged for many newcomers in Astana.
Heller, Anne. "Engagiert ein Leben lang?" Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät IV, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15958.
Full textIn the content of the demographic challenge an increasing number of older people has been searching for a new and active role in society. Therefore voluntary work becomes more and more necessary and develops as an important component in society. It is necessary to develop innovative ideas and concepts according of getting chances for the involvement of these people in local communities. The actual study works on the topic of individual motivation of older people, who decide to become volunteers after their career. The empiric background of the research was the Federal Model Programme „Experience for Initiatives“, that took place under authority of the Federal Ministry für Familiy Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth. About 1.000 older people at the age range from 55 to 70 and older have taken part in courses to become a seniortrainer and get active across the ages. Their aim is to work with children, young and older people and become ambassadors for a new image of old age. The results of the study show the very high importance of individual biography according to the decision to start volunteer work after the family phase and career. Especially the familiar background, historical events (World War Two and the Political Change in Germany) and critical life events influence the way of volunteering. Biographical themes become topical in present volunteer projects of the older people and they are to find in the different fields of community life, where seniors are active. It is obvious, that there exists a great wealth of knowledge and life long experience, that can establish community life and innovation apart from traditional ways of volunteer work.
Schrenker, Markus. "Generationengerechtigkeit in der Alterssicherung." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17545.
Full textThis thesis demonstrates by theoretical, institutional and empirical analysis, which justice concepts are relevant in old-age provision, how specific institutional arrangements have to be evaluated in this context and which justice attitudes on that matter exist in the German population. Firstly, there is no a priori convincing theoretical concept of generational justice. Especially concepts based on generational equity that propose to solve the problem of intergenerational justice in old-age provision by generational accounting methods have to be considered with skepticism. For theoretical reasons, hybrid concepts that encompass universalistic as well as culture- and demo-sensitive aspects should be preferred. Institutional analysis shows furthermore that the central problem connected to generational justice has less to do with inequality between generations and more with growing inequality within cohorts in the generational succession. Finally, the empirical analysis of justice attitudes provides evidence for the relative priority of status conservation over input-equity in the determination of just old-age benefits. Primary notions of justice in old-age provision are strongly anchored in the institutional status quo and only marginally influenced by abstract generational equity concepts that also neglect widespread loss aversion among individuals. Heuristics and regime-specific socialization explain more variation in justice attitudes than particularistic economic or age-specific interests do. The general public does not neglect the problems of pension-systems in the wake of demographic changes however, but solutions are rather seen in family and education policies, while reforms in existing pension arrangements even amplify feelings of injustice in the short run.
Schmiedl, Dominic. "Crisis and Masculinity on Contemporary Cable Television." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-176166.
Full textRösler, Wiebke. "Strukturwandel und Fertilität." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16832.
Full textThe study focuses on the causes of low birth rates in eastern and western Germany, which has been below the level of reproduction since 1975. Theoretically the changing position of women in society is considered and the possible connections between higher female education, the spread of female employment and low fertility rates are discussed. The analysis is based upon scientific use files of the German micro census from 1973 up to 2008; the data represent annually 0.7 percent of the German population. It is shown, that there is no decline in fertility within similar socio structural subgroups. Controlled by educational/vocational training, employment and female income (financial independence) it is shown that only women with no vocational training and women with no own income have 2.0 children per women – this result is significant for Western Germany in 1982 as well as in 2008. Within the group of employed women the mean number of children is much lower. But the group of housewives declined in half from 50 to 25 percent between 1982 and 2008. This structural change toward female independent lifestyle leads to a very low birth rate in Germany. The empirical analysis shows that classical models using structural variables like family status, employment and income are able to explain a considerable higher variance of birth rates today. Summing up there appears to be a “cultural lag”: women get emancipated, but the public support and the compatibility of work and family stays low, as well as the birth rates of employed women led to low overall birth rates.
Abele, Christine. "Civil society assistance in Central and Eastern Europe." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15749.
Full textWith the end of the communist bloc and the transformations taking place in Central and Eastern Europe the promotion and protection of democracy from abroad became a major field of assistance. Especially civil society assistance, understood as direct support granted to non-governmental actors of the target state with the explicit aim to promote the consolida-tion of democracy, became a major pillar of democracy aid. The dissertation analyzes civil society assistance and aims to tackle the question whether it is feasible to promote and strengthen civil society from abroad. Does civil society assistance result in more civil society or does it result in nothing more than the establishment of donor driven NGOs which are nei-ther voluntary nor independent but solely function as puppets of donors? // In order to answer this question and following the insights of actor-centered institutionalism, the dissertation identifies to modes of external intervention labeled „empowerment” and “learning. In the first case, donors may increase the action resources of chosen domestic actors, thus altering domestic actor constellations, by providing finances, technical equip-ment, information and know-how. In the latter case, external actors may impact upon the ori-entations, that is, the perceptions and preferences, of domestic actors. // The dissertation analyses the contribution of the activities of four different donors; the Euro-pean Union, the USA, Germany and the private network of Soros Foundations; to the devel-opment of civil society in Poland and Slovakia. In order to pinpoint outcomes of civil society assistance the dissertation focuses on recipients and their activities. The dissertation thus clarifies to what extent main recipient organizations act as carriers of civil society, whether they transmit the interests of their constituency into politics, whether they fulfill a watch-dog function and democratic functions attributed to civil society. It therefore analyzes main recipi-ents, their sustainability, legitimacy and effectiveness as carriers of civil society. // The dissertation jumps to the conclusion that externally driven civil society assistance had positive effects in both countries under investigation as supported NGOs acted as carriers of civil society.