Relevant bibliographies by topics / MTCMOS

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'MTCMOS'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "MTCMOS"

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JIAO, HAILONG, and VOLKAN KURSUN. "NOISE-AWARE DATA PRESERVING SEQUENTIAL MTCMOS CIRCUITS WITH DYNAMIC FORWARD BODY BIAS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 20, no. 01 (February 2011): 125–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126611007116.

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Multi-threshold voltage CMOS (MTCMOS) is the most widely used circuit technique for suppressing the subthreshold leakage currents in idle circuits. When a conventional sequential MTCMOS circuit transitions from the sleep mode to the active mode, significant bouncing noise is produced on the power and ground distribution networks. The reliability of the surrounding active circuitry is seriously degraded. A dynamic forward body bias technique is proposed in this paper to alleviate the ground bouncing noise in sequential MTCMOS circuits without sacrificing the data retention capability. With the new dynamic forward body bias technique, the peak ground bouncing noise is reduced by up to 91.70% as compared to the previously published sequential MTCMOS circuits in a UMC 80 nm CMOS technology. The design tradeoffs among important design metrics such as ground bouncing noise, leakage power consumption, active power consumption, data stability, and area are evaluated.
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Pattanaik, Manisha, Balwinder Raj, Shashikant Sharma, and Anjan Kumar. "Diode Based Trimode Multi-Threshold CMOS Technique for Ground Bounce Noise Reduction in Static CMOS Adders." Advanced Materials Research 548 (July 2012): 885–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.548.885.

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In this paper a high performance diode based trimode Multi-Threshold CMOS (MTCMOS) technique is introduced which minimizes standby leakage current and provides a better way to control the ground bounce noise during sleep to active mode transition using one additional mode i.e. hold mode. Analysis of trimode MTCMOS technique using low power 16-bit full adder has been done for reduction of standby leakage current and ground bounce noise. Further, to evaluate the effectiveness of diode based trimode Multi-Threshold CMOS technique, simulation has been done on low power 16-bit full adder circuit with BPTM 90nm technology at room temperature with supply voltage of 1 V. Diode based trimode Multi-Threshold CMOS technique reduces ground bounce noise by 89.36% and standby leakage current by 19.24% as compared to the standard trimode MTCMOS technique.
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Hailong Jiao and V. Kursun. "Ground-Bouncing-Noise-Aware Combinational MTCMOS Circuits." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 57, no. 8 (August 2010): 2053–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2010.2041505.

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Chen, Shi-Hao, Youn-Long Lin, and Mango C. T. Chao. "Power-Up Sequence Control for MTCMOS Designs." IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems 21, no. 3 (March 2013): 413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2012.2187689.

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Calhoun, B. H., F. A. Honore, and A. P. Chandrakasan. "A leakage reduction methodology for distributed MTCMOS." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 39, no. 5 (May 2004): 818–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2004.826335.

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Douseki, T., S. Shigematsu, J. Yamada, M. Harada, H. Inokawa, and T. Tsuchiya. "A 0.5-V MTCMOS/SIMOX logic gate." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 32, no. 10 (1997): 1604–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/4.634672.

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SHRIVASTAVA, ANUJ KUMAR, and SHYAM AKASHE. "DESIGN OF LOW POWER 14T FULL ADDER CELL USING DOUBLE GATE MOSFET WITH MTCMOS REDUCTION TECHNIQUE AT 45 NANOMETER TECHNOLOGY." International Journal of Nanoscience 12, no. 06 (December 2013): 1350042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x13500427.

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Full adder is the basic block of arithmetic circuit found in microcontroller and microprocessor inside arithmetic and logic unit (ALU). Improving the performance of the adder is essential for upgrading the performance of digital electronics circuit where adder is employed. In this paper, a single bit full adder circuit has been designed with the help of double gate (MOSFET), the used parameters value has been varied significantly for improving the performance of full adder circuit. Double gate transistor circuit considers as a promising candidate for low power application domain as well as used in radio frequency (RF) devices. Multi-threshold CMOS (MTCMOS) is the most used circuit technique to reduce the leakage current in idle circuit. In this paper, different parameters are analyzed on MTCMOS Technique. MTCMOS technique achieves 99.6% reduction of leakage current, active power is reduced by 42.64% and delay is reduced by 71.9% as compared with conventional double gate 14T full adder. Simulation results of double gate full adder have been performed on cadence virtuoso tool with 45 nm technology.
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Tada, Akira, Hiromi Notani, Genichi Tanaka, Takashi Ipposhi, Masaaki Iijima, and Masahiro Numa. "Charge recycling in MTCMOS circuits with block dividing." IEICE Electronics Express 4, no. 18 (2007): 562–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/elex.4.562.

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Zhou, Qiang, Xin Zhao, Yici Cai, and Xianlong Hong. "An MTCMOS technology for low-power physical design." Integration 42, no. 3 (June 2009): 340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vlsi.2008.09.004.

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Anis, M., S. Areibi, and M. Elmasry. "Design and optimization of multithreshold cmos (mtcmos) circuits." IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 22, no. 10 (October 2003): 1324–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcad.2003.818127.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "MTCMOS"

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Gopalan, Ranganath. "Leakage power driven behavioral synthesis of pipelined asics." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001064.

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Kleist, Anders. "Theory of super power saving circuits and configurations for mixed signal CPU for smartcard application." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2326.

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Designing an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) must be starting with careful preparations, otherwise the chip will not be as good as possible. The theoretical studies must cover everything from the chip circuits to the application structure. In mobile applications there is extremely important that the current consumption becomes minimized because the battery power is limited. The power reductions studies must include the most power costing circuits on the chip. When the whole circuit or segments of the circuit is not in use, they must switch fast and simple into another mode that consume nearly none power. This mode is called sleep-mode. If the sleep-mode has very low leakage currents, the lifetime of the application will dramatically increase.

This report studies the most power costing circuits in smartcard application ASIC. The chip should be used to control a LCD display on the smartcard. The circuits that have been investigated are level shifters, charge pumps and LCD drivers, also sleep-mode configuration possibilities have been investigated. Other small preparing work is also included in the thesis.

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Araujo, Natália de Souza. "Análise de espécies crípticas do complexo Anastrepha fraterculus (Díptera: Tephritidae) no Brasil através de sequências do gene mitocondrial cytochrome oxidase I." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41131/tde-18122012-225903/.

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A família Tephritidae congrega várias espécies de moscas-das-frutas que utilizam frutos como substrato alimentar no estágio larval, adquirindo o status de inseto-praga quando esses frutos são de valor comercial. O gênero Anastrepha é endêmico do Continente Americano e compreende cerca de 212 espécies descritas, das quais 109 ocorrem no Brasil. A espécie nominal Anastrepha fraterculus representa um complexo de espécies crípticas e se encontra distribuída pela Região Neotropical e sul dos Estados Unidos. No Brasil, através do estudo de diversas características biológicas e do marcador molecular ITS-1 (espaçador ribossômico nuclear), identificou-se a existência de três espécies crípticas no complexo fraterculus, a Anastrepha sp.1 affinis fraterculus, A. sp.2 aff. fraterculus e A. sp.3 aff. fraterculus. Marcadores gênicos presentes no DNA mitocondrial, como o gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI), são ferramentas amplamente utilizadas em análises filogenéticas, pois esta molécula apresenta características distintas do DNA nuclear, como o fato de possuir herança predominantemente materna, apresentar ausência ou baixíssima taxa de recombinação na maioria dos táxons, além de altas taxas mutacionais. Estas características possibilitam a obtenção de dados importantes na interpretação das relações entre as espécies. Amostras do complexo fraterculus (A. sp.1, A. sp.2, A. sp.3) de 14 localidades (média de 5 indivíduos / localidade) no sudeste do Brasil, uma amostra de A sp.4 do Equador e dois grupos externos (A. grandis e A. striata) foram utilizados. Fragmentos de 1139bp do gene COI foram amplificados e sequenciados, 45 haplótipos foram identificados: 30 em A. sp.1, 5 em A. sp.2 e 17 em A. sp.3. A distância média entre as espécies foi de 0,021 e o Fst médio foi 0,347 indicando estruturação populacional muito alta e pequena distância entre os haplótipos, que não apresentaram diferenças fixadas entre as espécies. Os testes de desvio de neutralidade apresentaram valores significativamente negativos. Os testes de seleção evidenciaram a atuação de seleção purificadora com baixos valores de Ka/Ks e significância no Z-teste de seleção. A análise filogenética mostrou fortes evidências de introgressão e não separou as diferentes entidades em clados distintos. Houve a formação de dois ramos principais, um constituído quase que exclusivamente por amostras de A. sp.1, e apenas duas amostras de A. sp.3, e outro que reuniu todas as espécies do complexo. Os dois principais grupos de haplótipos também foram visualizados na rede de haplótipos que mostrou indícios de expansão populacional. Quando somado ao estudo sequências depositadas em bancos de dados por outros autores, a espécie nominal A. fraterculus apresentou em sua distribuição 5 grupos de haplótipos mitocondriais. Dois deles ocorrem no Brasil, um com amostras do México e Costa Rica, um na Guatemala e Venezuela (baixa latitude) e um com indivíduos da Colômbia e Venezuela (alta latitude), sendo que os grupos Brasileiros também reuniram amostras da Argentina e do Equador. Assim, as sequências de COI não permitem a caracterização das entidades do complexo fraterculus apesar de indicar a estruturação populacional e a hipótese mais provável é a de que tenha havido introgressão da molécula mitocondrial entre as espécies do complexo com posterior expansão
The Tephritidae family comprises fruit flies species whose larvae feed and develop in fruits, many of which are commercial varieties and thus the species assume economic significance. Anastrepha genus is distributed throughout the Neotropical region and Southern United States. Analyses of biological characteristics and of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA allowed the characterization of three cryptic species of the fraterculus complex in Brazil: Anastrepha sp.1 affinis fraterculus, Anastrepha sp.2 aff. fraterculus and Anastrepha sp.3 aff. fraterculus. Mitochondrial markers as gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI) are largely used in phylogenetic analyses because they have maternal inheritance, none or low recombination and high mutation rates compared to the nuclear DNA. Hence, analyses of the complex based in this marker will offer a divergent perspective from nuclear DNA for inferences on the evolutive relationships between different species. Samples from the fraterculus complex (A. sp.1, A. sp.2, A. sp.3) from 15 localities (average of 5 individuals/ locality) in southeastern Brazil, one sample of A. sp.4 from Ecuador and two outgroups (A. grandis and A. striata) were employed and COI sequences of 1139bp were amplified and analyzed. We identified 45 haplotypes: 30 in A. sp.1, 5 in A.sp.2 and 17 in A. sp.3. The mean distance between the haplotypes was 0.021 and mean Fst 0.347, indicating high population structure and low mitochondrial distance. The neutrality tests had significantly neutral values. The selection tests revealed the action of purifying selection with low values of Ka/Ks and significance in the Z-test selection. Phylogenetic analysis showed strong evidences of introgression and did not separate the various entities in distinct clades grouping the three species in a single branch; there was also the formation of another main branch formed almost exclusively by strains of A. sp.1 and only two samples of A. sp.3. The two main groups of haplotypes were also seen in the haplotype network that showed evidence of population expansion. The analysis of the philogenetic tree based on mitochondrial COI showed strong evidence for introgression. No fixed differences between species were found though mtDNA marker shows a lot of polymorphism. When added sequences deposited in databases by other authors the nominal species A. fraterculus presented in its distribution five groups of mitochondrial haplotypes, two of them in Brazil, one with samples from Mexico and Costa Rica, one in Guatemala and Venezuela and one with individuals from Colombia. The Brazilian groups also collected samples from Argentina and Ecuador. Therefore, the COI sequences do not allow the characterization of the entities of the fraterculus complex, although structure among the species is shown. The most likely hypothesis is that introgression has happened in the mitochondrial molecule among the species with further expansion
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Moraes, Letícia Aparecida de [UNESP]. "Levantamento de mosca-branca associada às plantas ornamentais e hortaliças e caracterização de seus endossimbiontes." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150129.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), é um complexo composto por pelo menos 37 espécies crípticas e representa uma das mais importantes pragas agrícolas do mundo, já que é um inseto altamente polifago e considerado um supervector de vírus, uma vez que sozinho é capaz de transmitir mais de 300 espécies, como os begomovírus (gênero Begomovirus, família Geminiviridae) e crinivírus (gênero Crinivirus, família Closteroviridae). Mais de duas décadas depois que a espécie B. tabaci Middle East Asia Menor 1 (MEAM1, biótipo B) invadiu e se estabeleceu no Brasil através de plantas ornamentais, a presença da B. tabaci especie Mediterranean (MED, biótipo Q) foi relatada pela primeira vez no Rio Grande do Sul em 2014, e, recentemente, nos estados de São Paulo e Paraná. Em 2015, espécimes de moscas-brancas coletadas em cultivos comerciais protegidos de begônias, hortênsias, petúnias e poinsettias em São Paulo, bem como de begônias e poinsetias de floriculturas e Capsicum spp. associado a Emilia fosbergii em estufas usadas anteriormente para poinsettia no Paraná, foram todos identificados como pertencentes a espécie MED. Adicionalmente, os endosimbiontes secundários identificados foram Arsenophonus, Hamiltonella e Rickettsia foram detectados por PCR e confirmados por sequenciamento e análise de FISH, divergindo dos encontrados nas moscas MED do Rio Grande do Sul, as quais abrigavam Hamiltonella e Cardinium. Em 2015, portanto, a primeira pesquisa no Estado de São Paulo revelou que a espécie MED estava presente apenas em cultivos protegidos de ornamentais e floriculturas, ou seja, associadas a ornamentais. Em 2016, no entanto, uma segunda e mais extensa pesquisa realizada em São Paulo e Paraná mostraram que MED se espalhou por várias e importantes hortaliças, não somente em estufas, mas também para campos abertos localizados próximos de onde MED foi detectada em plantas ornamentais previamente. Os conjuntos de endossimbiontes, cujos sets foram compostos por Arsenophonus, Hamiltonella, Rickettsia e Wolbachia são diferentes também tanto da MED de São Paulo e Paraná de 2015, como da MED detectada no Rio Grande do Sul em 2014. Através da análise filogenética do gene mtCOI usando o banco de dados global de mosca-branca, os espécimes representam diferentes haplótipos divididos em dois grupos dentro da espécie MED. Além disso, neste trabalho houve o primeiro relato da presença do endossimbionte Arsenophonus infectando B. tabaci MEAM1.
Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), it is a complex consisting of at least 37 cryptic species and is one of the most important agricultural pests worldwide, since it is a highly polyphagous insect and considered a virus supervector once it alone transmits more than 300 species, such as begomovirus (genus Begomovirus, Geminiviridae family) and crinivirus (genus Crinivirus, Closteroviridae family). More than two decades after the species B. tabaci Middle East Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1, biotype B) invaded and settled in Brazil through ornamental plants, the presence of B. tabaci Mediterraneann species (MED, biotype Q) was first reported in Rio Grande do Sul in 2014, and recently in São Paulo and Paraná States. In 2015, specimens of whiteflies collected in commercial greenhouses of begonias, hydrangeas, petunias and poinsettias in São Paulo, as well as begonias and poinsettias from flower shops and Capsicum spp. associated with Emilia fosbergii in greenhouses used previously for poinsettia in Paraná, they were all identified as belonging to MED species. In addition, the identified secondary endosymbionts were Arsenophonus, Hamiltonella and Rickettsia were detected by PCR and confirmed by sequencing and FISH analysis, diverging from the set of MED from Rio Grande do Sul, which harbored Hamiltonella and Cardinium. In 2015, therefore, the first research in São Paulo revealed that the MED species was present only in greenhouses of ornamentals and flower shops, associated with ornamental. In 2016, however, a second and more extensive research conducted in São Paulo and Paraná showed that MED has spread to several important vegetables, not only in greenhouses, but also to open fields located close to where MED was detected in ornamental plants previously. The endosymbionts, whose sets were composed of Arsenophonus, Hamiltonella, Rickettsia and Wolbachia are also different from both the MED of São Paulo and Paraná in 2015, and the MED of Rio Grande do Sul in 2014. Through phylogenetic analysis of gene mtCOI using the whitefly global database, specimens has shown to represent different haplotypes divided into two groups within the species MED. In addition, this study was the first report of Arsenophonus endosymbiont present infecting B. tabaci MEAM1.
FAPESP: 2014/21773-0
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Koser, Jaqueline Reginato. "Estrutura populacional e filogeografia de Drosophila antonietae Tidon & Sene." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17135/tde-01072015-091109/.

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A espécie Drosophila antoneitae é cactófila, ovipositando principalmente no cacto hospedeiro Cereus hildmaniannus. Ambas as espécies são encontradas em solos drenados ou afloramentos de rocha na região de Missiones, um dos núcleos de Floresta Tropical Sazonalmente Seca (FTSS), e no litoral sul-brasileiro. O núcleo de Missiones compreende a base dos rios Paraná-Paraguai e é uma possível área de estabilidade climática durante as oscilações do Quaternário. Para avaliar a distribuição atual da diversidade genética de D. antonietae e sua associação com alterações na paisagem, foram realizadas as seguintes análises: estruturação populacional, estabelecimento de hipóteses filogeográficas e de eventos demográficos, testes de neutralidade e modelagem de nicho atual e paleoecológico. O gene mitocondrial COI e nuclear period foram analisados. O gene period é pouco variável e a distribuição da variabilidade genética é homogênea. O gene COI é bastante polimórfico e há estruturação entre as populações formando três agrupamentos: um em Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, outro no Paraná e São Paulo e o terceiro no centro-oeste brasileiro. A população do centro-oeste brasileiro provavelmente é a mais antiga, coincidente com a área do estudo mais estável climaticamente. Este agrupamento forma uma rede de haplótipos separada, devido alta estruturação e isolamento, provavelmente tendo no rio Paraná uma importante barreira de fluxo gênico. Sugere-se que o provável centro de dispersão das demais populações de D. antonietae se localiza no sudeste brasileiro, e que houve diversos eventos de migração para as demais regiões de sua distribuição. Há indícios de polimorfismo compartilhado devido à recente diversificação das populações. Ambos os agrupamentos genéticos exibem sinais de expansão populacional, especialmente nas áreas de borda no núcleo de Missiones, onde o clima parece ter sido menos estável. O período de expansão demográfica é recente e coincidente com a maior extensão da vegetação seca, que também pode ter papel fundamental na estruturação das populações.
Drosophila antoneitae is a cactophilic species, ovipositing primarily in the host cacti Cereus hildmaniannus. Both species are found in drained soils or rocky outcrops in the Missiones region - one of the Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest (SDTF) nucleis, and in south Brazilian coast. The Missiones nuclei comprises the basin of the Paraná-Paraguai Rivers and it is a possible area of climatic stability during the Quaternary oscillations. To evaluate the current distribution of the genetic diversity of D. antoneitae and its association with landscape modifications, the following analyses were performed: populational structure, establishment of phylogeographic hypotheses and demographic events, neutrality tests and paleoecological niche modeling. The mitochondrial gene COI and the nuclear gene period were analyzed. The gene period had low genetic diversity and an homogeneity on the distribution of genetic variability. For gene COI analysis we found a high polymorphism and genetic structure among populations, forming three groups: one in Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, another in Paraná and São Paulo and the third in the midwestern Brazil. The midwestern population is probably the oldest one, coinciding with the most climatically stable area of this study. This group forms a network of separate haplotypes, due to a high structuring and isolation, probably with Paraná River acting as major barrier for gene flow. We suggest that the possible center of dispersion of the remaining populations of D. antonietae is located in southeastern Brazil, and there were several migration events to other regions of its distribution. There is evidence of shared polymorphism due to recent diversification of populations. Both gene clusters exhibit signs of population expansion, especially in border areas at the Missiones nuclei, where the climate seems less stable. The demographic expansion period is recent and coincides with the major expansion of dry vegetation, which can also play a critical role in structuring populations.
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Zhang, Xing. "Biogeography and biosystematics of plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst)/Wolbachia interactions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25948.

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This research focused on the reproductive incompatibility and genetic differences between the two strains of plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst). Two molecular markers served as the basis for the strain distribution analysis of plum curculio and Wolbachia symbiont. One marker is the partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase gene subunit I (mtCOI) of plum curculio. Another marker is the Wolbachia Surface Protein (wsp) gene of Wolbachia associated with plum curculio. First, the reproductive compatibility of cross-populations mating in plum curculio was studied during the summers of 2004 and 2006. The results confirmed the reproductive incompatibility among plum curculio geographic populations. A unidirectional incompatibility was revealed in an approximate north and south transect of the range of plum curculio (4 x 4 two factorial design: NY, VA, FL, and WV): there was a significant low fertility in WV males mated with NY (40%) and VA (29%) females. The Florida population showed a different pattern: FL males have a significantly lower fertility with VA (46%) and WV (37%) females while FL females were compatible with all males from the four populations. The results of experiment 2 indicated that within the northern geographic area populations (3 x 3 two factorial design: NY, MA, and NJ) were compatible with each other. An opposite unidirectional reproductive incompatibility was revealed in the combination of NJ males with FL females, which showed a significant low fertility (47%). A bi-directional incompatibility occurred between FL and WV reciprocal cross mating. FL males mated with WV females (26%) and WV males mated with FL females (21%) both have the significant low fertility compared to fertility of within their population matings. The genetic diversity among plum curculio populations from different geographic locations was investigated using the partial mtCOI gene. A total of 50 samples from 10 populations were sequenced. PCR products were 863 bp in length. A total of 23 unique sequence haplotypes were found in the 50 samples tested. Haplotype G (n = 5), L (n = 12) and T (n = 13) comprised 60% of 50 samples. The nucleotide distances between those haplotypes ranged from 0.12% to 4.87%. Genetic distances between northern and southern group plum curculios range from 4.17% to 4.87%. Two distinct major clades were found, using three different phylogenetic analyses: 1) neighbor joining (NJ), 2) maximum-parsimony (MP), and 3) maximum-likelihood (ML). 100% bootstraps support the northern clade and the southern clade was strongly supported (100/100/86, NJ/MP/ML) as well. The mid-southern subclade within the southern clade was also strongly supported (70/82/71, NJ/MP/ML) and the far-southern subclade was supported in NJ tree (81%) but was not resovled in MP and ML trees. The mid-southern subclade included haplotypes from two NJ, Washington, VA (Ra), Blacksburg, VA (BL) and 50% of WV populations and the far-southern subclade included haplotypes from FL, GA, Whitethorne, VA (Ke), Troutville, VA (Bo) and another 50% of WV populations. The results suggested that the northern and the southern clade could correspond with the northern and southern strains, respectively, of plum curculio. In this study, the mtCOI sequence was highly informative as a molecular marker in that it was useful to distinguish C. nenuphar from northern and from southern geographic locations in the eastern United States. However, the number of generations per year of several geographic populations within the southern clade still needs to be determined. The distribution of Wolbachia infection associated with plum curculio strains was investigated. 91 of 93 samples were infected by Wolbachia. Three unique Wolbachia strains were identified. The strains wCne1 and wCne2 (593 bp) were 97% identical, and their sequences were both 84% identical with wCne3 (590 bp). The wsp sequence of wCne1 was 99% identical to Wolbachia sequenced from the neotropical beetle, Chelymorpha alternans Boheman (Keller et al. 2004). The wCne2 sequence was 98.5% identical to the flower bug, Orius nagaii Yasunaga (Miura and Tagami, unpublished). The wCne3 sequence was 100% identical to Wolbachia sequenced from the tephritid fruit fly, Dacus destillatoria (Jamnongluk et al. 2000) and the ant, Formica exsecta (Reuter and Keller 2003). PCR - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) was used for superinfection detection. Of 93 samples, 15 (16.1%), 21 (22.6%), 19 (20.4%), 36 (38.7%) samples were infected by wCne1, wCne2, wCne1 plus wCne2, and wCne3, respectively. Only two (2.2%) samples had no infection. The wCne3 strain was always present as a single infection. Therefore, current results suggest that Wolbachia strains approximate the distribution of plum curculio strains: the northern strain is infected with wCne1 and wCne2 strains in supergroup B, the southern strain is infected with wCne3 strain in supergroup A and the mid-Atlantic region is the convergence area. Compared with the haplotype distribution of plum curculio mtCOI gene, there was a closer relation of the mid-southern PC clade to the far-southern clade than to the northern clade. However, Wolbachia symbionts in mid-southern PC are more closely related to those in northern PC than to those in far-southern PC. The relationship of Wolabchia infection with reproductive incompatibility between plum curculio populations is also discussed.
Ph. D.
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Monteiro, Ana Rita Andril. "Genetic structure of mussel population in NE Atlantic and Mediterranean: connectivity between deep-sea habitats." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17460.

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Mestrado em Ecologia Aplicada
Species persist over time, due to exchange of individuals between subpopulations. In the marine environment, most benthic organisms have complex life cycles including pelagic larvae that are transported by ocean currents promoting species dispersal. Larval dispersal connects geographically distant populations and determines population structure. The knowledge about this biologic process provides relevant information for conservation of marine populations. This study investigates the genetic structure and connectivity of deep-sea mussel populations between fragmented habitats in the NE Atlantic and Mediterranean. The mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I (mtCOI) gene was used to analyze site-specific genetic diversity and the population structure of two mussel species, Idas modiolaeformis and “Idas” simpsoni. Populations of each species are not geographically isolated. The presence of one dominant haplotype for each species suggests shared ancestral polymorphisms between Mediterranean and NE Atlantic populations. The overall high genetic differentiation observed in I. modiolaeformis indicates that the metapopulation is structured. Distant populations, located in Atlantic and E Mediterranean, revealed low genetic distances, suggesting gene flow between the two regions. Genetic and geographical distances support an island model of I. modiolaeformis population structure. A major drawback of this study is concerned with the discrepant number of individuals among populations. Further research will be needed, using more specimens and other gene markers, to investigate connectivity patterns at different spatial scales.
As espécies persistem ao longo do tempo devido à troca de indivíduos entre subpopulações. No ambiente marinho, a maioria dos organismos bentónicos têm ciclos de vida complexos, envolvendo larvas pelágicas que são transportadas por correntes oceânicas contribuindo para dispersão das espécies. A dispersão larvar estabelece conectividade entre populações geograficamente separadas e afeta a estrutura da população. O conhecimento deste processo biológico promove informações importantes para a conservação de populações marinhas. Este estudo investiga a estrutura genética e conectividade de populações de mexilhão de profundidade entre habitats fragmentados no NE Atlântico e Mediterrânico. O gene mitocondrial, Citocromo Oxidase I (mtCOI), foi utilizado para analisar diversidade genética por local e a estrutura populacional de duas espécies de mexilhão, Idas modiolaeformis e "Idas" simpsoni. As populações de cada uma das espécies não se encontram geograficamente isoladas. A presença de um haplótipo dominante para cada espécie sugere a partilha de polimorfismos ancestrais entre populações do Mediterrâneo e do NE Atlântico. As populações de I. modiolaeformis demonstraram uma elevada diferenciação genética, indicando estruturação da metapopulação. Populações distantes umas das outras, localizadas no Atlântico e E Mediterrâneo, revelaram baixas distâncias genéticas, sugerindo fluxo genético entre as duas regiões. Distâncias genéticas e geográficas suportam o modelo de ilha como o modelo para a estrutura populacional de I. modiolaeformis. Uma grande desvantagem deste estudo está relacionada com o número discrepante de indivíduos entre populações. Para investigar os padrões de conectividade em diferentes escalas espaciais serão necessários mais estudos, utilizando mais espécimes e outros marcadores genéticos.
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Ally, Hadija Mussa. "Genetic diversity and structure of the superabundant whitefly populations, vectors of viruses causing diseases of cassava in three East African countries (Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda)." Thesis, La Réunion, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LARE0012.

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Des pullulations d’aleurodes du complexe d'espèces cryptiques de Bemisia tabaci ont été associées à la propagation de deux maladies frappant le manioc en Afrique orientale: la maladie de la mosaïque du manioc (CMD) et, plus récemment (2000), la maladie de la striure brune du manioc (CBSD). Parmi les espèces d’aleurodes de ce complexe, l’espèce SSA2 a été associée à la première épidémie de CMD au cours des années 1990 en Ouganda. Cependant, SSA2 aurait été remplacée par SSA1 dans les années 2000, provoquant une recrudescence de CMD et de CBSD, participant à leur propagation dans plusieurs pays voisins. L’hypothèse défendue à ce jour expliquant la propagation de ces maladies vers le sud et l'ouest de l'Afrique incrimine cette nouvelle espèce considérée comme émergente dans certains de ces pays. Dans ma thèse, j’ai utilisé des données écologiques et des approches moléculaires afin de mieux comprendre les facteurs à l'origine des pullulations de vecteurs en Afrique de l'Est. Nous avons ainsi analysé : i) l’abondance, la diversité et la répartition des espèces sur un transect comprenant : Ouganda, Tanzanie et Malawi, ii) la diversité génétique et la structure des populations actuelles des espèces de B. tabaci, iii) des échantillons des années 90 comparés aux populations actuelles (2017). Cette étude nous a permis d’avoir une image d’une situation plus complexe qu’attendue, en effet, l’espèce SSA1 a été détectée comme à l’origine dans certaines des pullulations observées mais également d’autres espèces, notamment IO et SSA1-SG3 ont aussi montrées cette capacité. Les pullulations observées ne sont donc pas uniquement liées à une seule espèce en Afrique de l’Est. En outre, nous avons pu montrer que la communauté d'espèces et sa diversité génétique diffère d'un pays à l'autre, impliquant des situations épidémiologiques différentes, sans aucun schéma d'invasion détecté entre pays. En outre, l’analyse des anciens échantillons n’a pas montré l’implication d’une nouvelle espèce ou population en 20 ans, toutefois, nous avons observé un changement de dynamique au sein des groupes génétiques représentés au cours du temps
High population of the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, a cryptic species complex had been associated with the vectoring and spread of viruses causing two diseases of cassava in East Africa: the cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD). Among the B. tabaci species, sub-Saharan Africa 2 (SSA2) was the vector associated with an epidemic of CMD since the 1990s in Uganda. However, this species is now replaced by the SSA1 and led to development of another epidemic by CBSD since the mid 2000s. The spread of both diseases toward South and West Africa is feared with this new supposed invader. In my thesis I have used ecological data and molecular approaches (mitochondrial and nuclear markers) to better understand the factors driving the presence of the superabundant whitefly populations on cassava in East Africa. We have analyzed: i) species abundance, diversity and distribution (geographic and host plants) along a transect survey over three East African countries: Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, ii) the genetic diversity and structure of current populations of B. tabaci species, and iii) comparing genetic changes between the old and new populations collected in 1997 and 2017, respectively.This study involving large number of samples provided insights of a more complex picture than expected. SSA1 was found to be the source of the some observed outbreaks although other species, notably IO and sub-group 3 of SSA1 (SSA1-SG3) have also shown this capability. The observed outbreaks are therefore not just related to a single species in East Africa. In addition, we showed that the species community and its genetic diversity differ from one country to another, involving different epidemiological situations, without any clear pattern of invasion detected between the countries. Analysis of old samples did not show the involvement of a new species or the emergence of a new population in 20 years, although the dynamics within the whitefly genetic groups was observed over time. Our results contributed new knowledge on the super abundant populations on cassava in Eastern Africa and help develop targeted control measures for the local populations
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原田, 政明, 敬也 山里, 啓. 岡田, 正昭 片山, and 明. 小川. "符号化OFDM通信方式における複数シンボルマッピングによる最大瞬時電力抑圧手法." 電子情報通信学会, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/12731.

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Zhenghua, Tang. "Synthesis and Energetics of Gold Nanoclusters Tailored by Interfacial Bonding Structure." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/chemistry_diss/67.

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In addition to the well known quantum confinement effects resulted from size and shape, interfacial bond structure is another factor, affecting the properties of the nanomaterial that is rarely studied. Inspired by the “Au-S-Au” staple motif discovered from the crystal structure of monothiol protected Au102 nanocluster (Science, 2007, 318, 430), dithiol molecules (e. g. 1, 2-dithiol, 1, 4-dithiol, etc.) with molecular structural constraint have been employed to create dithiolate protected clusters or mixed monothiolate and dithiolate protected clusters. The structure and properties of the Au clusters are expected to change due to two effects: The entropy gain of dithiol over monothiol protection and the constraint to the formation of the thiol bridging motif. DMPS (1, 2-dithiol molecule) stabilized clusters with characteristic absorption bands have been obtained, and characterized by multiple techniques. Monolayer reaction on gold core surface between the monothiol tiopronin and dithiol DMPS has been performed, and the mechanism has been probed. Mixed phenylethanethiolate and durene-dithiolate (1, 4-dithiol molecule) protected Au130 clusters with rich electrochemical features have been created, and the optical and electrochemical energetics have been successfully correlated based on core and core-ligand energy states. Furthermore, the impact of 1, 4-dithiolate-Au bonding on the near infrared luminescence has been studied.
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Books on the topic "MTCMOS"

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Ajila, J. Lola. HRD, human resources development for a result-oriented civil service: The application of the ministerial training committees system (MTCS). Ikeja [Nigeria]: Index Pub. Co., 1989.

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United States. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development. Office of Administration. Request for proposal (RFP) HC-14267 to manage the Multifamily Tenant Characteristics Systems (MTCS) for the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Administration, 1987.

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1939-, Simon Marvin Kenneth, and Jet Propulsion Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Multiple Trellis Coded Modulation (MTCM). Pasadena, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 1986.

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Multiple Trellis Coded Modulation (MTCM). Pasadena, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 1986.

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National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), ed. A collection of successful interactions between the MTCs and client firms: NIST's Manufacturing Technology Centers program. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "MTCMOS"

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Anis, Mohab, and Mohamed Elmasry. "MTCMOS Sequential Circuits." In Multi-Threshold CMOS Digital Circuits, 135–61. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0391-0_5.

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Anis, Mohab, and Mohamed Elmasry. "MTCMOS Dynamic Circuits." In Multi-Threshold CMOS Digital Circuits, 163–93. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0391-0_6.

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Anis, Mohab, and Mohamed Elmasry. "Embedded MTCMOS Combinational Circuits." In Multi-Threshold CMOS Digital Circuits, 45–72. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0391-0_3.

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Anis, Mohab, and Mohamed Elmasry. "MTCMOS Current-Steering Circuits." In Multi-Threshold CMOS Digital Circuits, 195–214. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0391-0_7.

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Anis, Mohab, and Mohamed Elmasry. "MTCMOS Combinational Circuits Using Sleep Transistors." In Multi-Threshold CMOS Digital Circuits, 73–133. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0391-0_4.

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Agrawal, Reeya, and Vishal Goyal. "Analysis of MTCMOS Cache Memory Architecture for Processor." In Proceedings of International Conference on Communication and Artificial Intelligence, 81–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6546-9_9.

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Saraswat, Richa, Shyam Akashe, and Shyam Babu. "Analysis and Simulation of Full Adder Design Using MTCMOS Technique." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 189–98. India: Springer India, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1041-2_16.

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Tripathi, Tripti, D. S. Chauhan, S. K. Singh, and S. V. Singh. "Implementation of Low-Power 6T SRAM Cell Using MTCMOS Technique." In Advances in Computer and Computational Sciences, 475–82. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3770-2_44.

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Kushwah, Ankit Singh, and Shyam Akashe. "Power Effective Design of 10T D-FF Using MTCMOS Technique." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 229–37. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2367-2_29.

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Mallidu, Jayashree, and Saroja V. Siddamal. "Crosstalk Noise Reduction in Long Wire Interconnects Using MTCMOS Inverters." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 171–77. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4866-0_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "MTCMOS"

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Pakbaznia, Ehsan, Farzan Fallah, and Massoud Pedram. "Charge recycling in MTCMOS circuits." In the 43rd annual conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1146909.1146940.

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Sharroush, Sherif M. "An MTCMOS Subthreshold-Leakage Reduction Algorithm." In 2020 2nd Novel Intelligent and Leading Emerging Sciences Conference (NILES). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/niles50944.2020.9257933.

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Yijia Xu and Gary K. Yeap. "An MTCMOS power network design flow." In 2009 1st Asia Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ASQED 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asqed.2009.5206257.

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Baek, Seunghan, Sunmean Kim, Youngchang Choi, and Seokhyeong Kang. "MTCMOS-based Ternary to Binary Converter." In 2020 International SoC Design Conference (ISOCC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isocc50952.2020.9333078.

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Lu, Liang-Ying, Tsung-Yi Wu, Lih-Yih Chiou, and Jing-Wen Shi. "Peak current reduction using an MTCMOS technique." In 2010 2nd Asia Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ASQED 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asqed.2010.5548248.

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Akl, Charbel J., and Magdy A. Bayoumi. "Self-Sleep Buffer for Distributed MTCMOS Design." In 21st International Conference on VLSI Design (VLSID 2008). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vlsi.2008.24.

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Douseki, Takakuni, and Junzo Yamada. "Sub 1-V MTCMOS/SIMOX Circuit Technology." In 1998 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.1998.b-7-2.

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Inukai, Takashi, and Toshiro Hiramoto. "Suppression of Stand-by Tunnel Current in Ultra-Thin Gate Oxide MOSFETs by Dual Oxide Thickness MTCMOS(DOT-MTCMOS)." In 1999 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.1999.e-4-1.

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Hwang, Chanseok, Peng Rong, and Massoud Pedram. "Sleep transistor distribution in row-based MTCMOS designs." In the 17th great lakes symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1228784.1228786.

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Bo Wang, Jun Zhou, and Tony T. Kim. "Maximization of SRAM energy efficiency utilizing MTCMOS technology." In 2012 4th Asia Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ASQED 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acqed.2012.6320472.

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Reports on the topic "MTCMOS"

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Suenram, Richard, and Richard Suenram. A collection of successful interactions between the MTCs and clients firms. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.848.

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Dooley, James J. Visualizing the Surface Infrastructure Used to Move 2 MtCO2/year from the Dakota Gasification Company to the Weyburn CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery Project: Version of July 1, 2009. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/989054.

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