Dissertations / Theses: 'Mucilage'

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Leite, Rildo Araújo [UNESP]. "Mucilagem residual e qualidade da bebida do café cereja descascado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101890.

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O Café Cereja Descascado vem fazendo história ao ganhar a maioria dos prêmios de qualidade nos concursos de Cafés Especiais promovidos pelas empresas e associações do ramo. Semelhante ao Café Despolpado, difere deste no entanto, por ter bebida mais encorpada devido sua tecnologia de produção que mantém a mucilagem natural que envolve o pergaminho. A necessidade da secagem imediata e a dificuldade dos secadores operarem com o produto úmido e impregnado de mucilagem, levou ao desenvolvimento dos Desmuciladores que fazem uma desmucilagem parcial do produto úmido, encurtam o tempo de escorrimento no terreiro e facilitam a operação do secador. Tendo em vista as ponderações anteriores, formulou-se como principal objetivo deste trabalho a análise da relação entre o teor de mucilagem residual do CD® e a bebida e o corpo resultantes. Paralelamente a isso analisou-se a relação entre o perfil do café da roça e o teor de mucilagem no café cereja. As variações nos teores de mucilagem, que resultaram em 4 diferentes combinações de lotes processados, foram obtidas com a variação da altura percorrida pelo café no Desmucilador Vertical e da injeção de água na câmara de desmucilagem. Como testemunhas obteve-se uma amostra despolpada do mesmo café e outra produzida com mucilagem natural do Cereja Descascado. Os cafés assim tratados foram submetidos às provas de xícara por três provadores que analisaram as características: bebida, corpo, acidez, aroma, e sabor. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir entre outras coisas, que é possível controlar os teores de mucilagem desejados produzindo diferentes características de corpo sem afetar a qualidade da bebida.
The pulped ripe red coffee berry has become prominent for the most quality prizes it has taken in competitions of the special coffees promoted by companies and associations in the sector. It is similar to the pulped coffee, but differs from this one because it produces a more consistent beverage, since its production technology keeps the natural mucilage involving the pulped coffee. The need for immediate drying and the operational difficult of the dryers when the product is moistened and impregnated with mucilage led to the development of demucilators that partially demucilate the humid product, as well as shorten the time of the water flowing on the ground and facilitate the operation of the dryer. Taking the previous aspects into account, the main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between the content of the residual mucilage in CD® and the resulting beverage consistence. At the same time, the relationship between the natural rough coffee profile and the mucilage content in the ripe red coffee berry. The variation in mucilage contents resulting into four different combinations of the processed lots were obtained, by varying either the height from which the coffee berries run down the vertical demucilator and the water injection in the demucilaging chamber. A pulped sample of the same coffee and another one produced with natural mucilage of the pulped ripe red coffee cherry were used as control. The treated coffee cherries were submitted to “cupping”, and three tasters analyzed their characteristics: beverage, consistence, acidity , odor, and flavor . According to the results, it may be concluded that it is possible to control the desired mucilage contents, therefore obtaining different consistence characteristics without affecting the quality of the beverage.

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Leite, Rildo Araújo 1968. "Mucilagem residual e qualidade da bebida do café cereja descascado /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101890.

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Orientador: Jayme de Toledo Piza e Almeida Neto
Resumo: O Café Cereja Descascado vem fazendo história ao ganhar a maioria dos prêmios de qualidade nos concursos de Cafés Especiais promovidos pelas empresas e associações do ramo. Semelhante ao Café Despolpado, difere deste no entanto, por ter bebida mais encorpada devido sua tecnologia de produção que mantém a mucilagem natural que envolve o pergaminho. A necessidade da secagem imediata e a dificuldade dos secadores operarem com o produto úmido e impregnado de mucilagem, levou ao desenvolvimento dos Desmuciladores que fazem uma desmucilagem parcial do produto úmido, encurtam o tempo de escorrimento no terreiro e facilitam a operação do secador. Tendo em vista as ponderações anteriores, formulou-se como principal objetivo deste trabalho a análise da relação entre o teor de mucilagem residual do CD® e a bebida e o corpo resultantes. Paralelamente a isso analisou-se a relação entre o perfil do café da roça e o teor de mucilagem no café cereja. As variações nos teores de mucilagem, que resultaram em 4 diferentes combinações de lotes processados, foram obtidas com a variação da altura percorrida pelo café no Desmucilador Vertical e da injeção de água na câmara de desmucilagem. Como testemunhas obteve-se uma amostra despolpada do mesmo café e outra produzida com mucilagem natural do Cereja Descascado. Os cafés assim tratados foram submetidos às provas de xícara por três provadores que analisaram as características: "bebida", "corpo", "acidez", "aroma", e "sabor". Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir entre outras coisas, que é possível controlar os teores de mucilagem desejados produzindo diferentes características de "corpo" sem afetar a qualidade da "bebida".
Abstract: The pulped ripe red coffee berry has become prominent for the most quality prizes it has taken in competitions of the special coffees promoted by companies and associations in the sector. It is similar to the pulped coffee, but differs from this one because it produces a more consistent beverage, since its production technology keeps the natural mucilage involving the pulped coffee. The need for immediate drying and the operational difficult of the dryers when the product is moistened and impregnated with mucilage led to the development of demucilators that partially demucilate the humid product, as well as shorten the time of the water flowing on the ground and facilitate the operation of the dryer. Taking the previous aspects into account, the main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between the content of the residual mucilage in CD® and the resulting beverage consistence. At the same time, the relationship between the natural rough coffee profile and the mucilage content in the ripe red coffee berry. The variation in mucilage contents resulting into four different combinations of the processed lots were obtained, by varying either the height from which the coffee berries run down the vertical demucilator and the water injection in the demucilaging chamber. A pulped sample of the same coffee and another one produced with natural mucilage of the pulped ripe red coffee cherry were used as control. The treated coffee cherries were submitted to "cupping", and three tasters analyzed their characteristics: beverage, consistence, acidity , odor, and flavor . According to the results, it may be concluded that it is possible to control the desired mucilage contents, therefore obtaining different consistence characteristics without affecting the quality of the beverage.
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Musa, Corentin. "Élaboration et caractérisation de matériaux composites biosourcés à base de mucilage et de fibres de lin." Thesis, Littoral, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019DUNK0535.

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Les travux de thèse ont été menés dans un contexte de développement et de valorisation de la filière lin au travers de l'élaboration de nouveaux matériaux composites biosourcés à base de mucilage et de fibres de lin. Ces travaux ont conduit dans un premier temps à la synthèse de précurseurs d'isosorbide époxy et polyuréthanes comme alternative aux précurseurs toxiques conventionnels. Pour cela nous avons proposé une voie originale d'optimisation de la synthèse de diglycidyle éther d'isosorbide (DGEI) en utilisant un procédé ultrasonique. Par la suite, la comparaison des méthodes de transformation des époxys en carbonates cycliques par l'inclusion de CO₂ nous a servi de base dans l'élaboration d'un protocole efficace de conversion des DGEI en cyclocarbonates d'isosorbide (CCI) dans des conditions douces de pression et de température. Dans une seconde partie, l'extraction de composés hydrosolubles de la graine de lin a permis d'identifier la structure complexe du mucilage et les effets des paramètres d'extraction sur les propriétés physico-chimiques et thermiques du mucilage. Ensuite, pour la première fois, l'oxydation du mucilage au 2,2,6,6-tétraméthylpipéridine-1-oxyle (TEMPO) a été réalisée avec succès. Puis, nous avons pu mettre en évidence l'efficience de l'oxydation assistée par ultrasons comparée à la méthode classique lors de la montée en échelle du procédé. En vue d'améliorer la compatibilité fibre/matrice des composites à fibres végétales, des traitements appliqués sur des fibres courtes de lin ont été effectués amenant à l'individualisation des fibres et à l'amélioration de l'oxydation appliquée sur des fibres sonifiées. Ces différents matériaux ont permis de formuler un panel de nouveaux biocomposites. Les DGEI ont été valorisés par la confection d'une résine réticulée par une amine renforcée par des fibres longues de lin dont les performances sont identiques aux composites pétro-sourcés. Par la suite, la sonicationdes fibres courtes de lin a mené à l'amélioration des propriétés mécaniques de composite PLA/Lin. L'utilisation de mucilage oxydé a démontré les aspects positifs de l'incorporation du mucilage de lin dans les composites légers et résistants en compression
The thesis was carried out in a context of development and valorisation of the flax through the conception of new bio-based composite materials made of mucilage and flax fibres. This work initially led to the synthesis of isosorbide epoxy and polyurethane precursors as an alternative to the conventional toxic precursors. For this, we proposed an original route for optimizing the synthesis of isosorbide diglycidyl ether (DGEI) using an ultrasonic process. Subsequently, the comparison of the conversion methods of epoxies into cyclic carbonates by the inclusion of CO₂ served as a basis for the development of an efficient protocol for converting DGEI into isosorbide cyclic carbonates (CCI) under moderate conditions of temperature and pressure. In the second part, the extraction of water-soluble compounds from the flaxseed allowed us to identify the complex structure of the mucilage and the effects of the extraction parameters on its physicochemical and thermal properties. Then, for the first time, oxidation of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) mucilage was successfully performed. After that, we have highlighted the enhanced efficiency of ultrasonic assisted oxidation over the conventional method when scaling up the process. In order to improve the fibre/matrix compatibility of natural fibre-based composites, different treatments of short flax fibres led to the individualizationof the fibres and to the improvement of the oxidation of sonicated fibres.These new materials allowed to formulate a series of novel biocomposites. The DGEI have been enhanced by making an amine-crosslinked resin reinforced with long flax fibres which have a comparable performance to oil-based composites. Additionally, the sonication of short flax fibres led to the improvement of the mechanical properties of PLA/Flax composite. The use of oxidized mucilage has demonstrated the beneficial aspects of flax mucilage incorporation into lightweight, compression-resistant composites

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蔣高松 and Gaosong Jiang. "The non-starch polysaccharides of taro (Colocasia esculenta)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31238658.

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Jiang, Gaosong. "The non-starch polysaccharides of taro (Colocasia esculenta) /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20456189.

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Fabrissin, Isabelle. "Etude de la production du mucilage séminal dans des populations naturelles d’Arabidopsis et sa contribution à la longévité des graines." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLA043.

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Les polysaccharides sont des composants majeurs des parois cellulaires ayant une structure dynamique et jouant un rôle essentiel dans la croissance des plantes. Les cellules épidermiques du tégument des graines d’Arabidopsis libèrent un halo de mucilage polysaccharidique lors de leur imbibition. Le mucilage séminal s'est avéré être un excellent système modèle pour l’étude de la production, des propriétés des polysaccharides et de leurs interactions. Le premier objectif de ma thèse était de valoriser la variabilité naturelle existant entre accessions d’Arabidopsis pour identifier de nouveaux gènes contrôlant la production de mucilage. Une analyse de génétique d’association a permis l’identification d’une amine oxidase et d’une glycosyltransferase putatives dont j’ai confirmé l’implication dans la biosynthèse des pectines du mucilage.J’ai également associé une famille de protéines aux interactions entre polysaccharides. De part ses propriétés d’hydrogel, le mucilage joue un rôle adaptatif et influence la physiologie de la graine. Il permet la rétention d’eau autour de celle-ci et pourrait ainsi influencer sa longévité. Le deuxième objectif de ma thèse était d’utiliser des mutants impactés dans la production de mucilage pour déterminer si ce dernier influence la longévité des graines après un traitement d’hydratation contrôlée appelé ‘priming’. Les graines ne libérant pas de halo de mucilage à l’imbibition ont une meilleure longévité en lien avec une diminution réduite d’acide salicylique. Mes résultats participent à une compréhension intégrée de la production de mucilage à plusieurs niveaux : écologiques, génétiques et physicochimiques
Polysaccharides are the major component of cell walls that are dynamic structures playing a fundamental role in plant growth. On imbibition, the epidermal cells of the Arabidopsis seed coat release a mucilage hydrogel formed of polysaccharides. This has proved to be an excellent model system for the study of cell wall polysaccharide production, properties and interactions. The first objective of my thesis was to exploit natural variation between Arabidopsis accessions to identify genes controlling mucilage polysaccharide production. A genome wide association study identified genes encoding proteins with putative functions as either an amine oxidase or glycosyltransferase and these were confirmed to contribute to the synthesis of mucilage pectin. I also found that a family of small proteins, whose function is undetermined, are likely to modulate the interaction of mucilage polymers. Mucilage is also an adaptive trait that may influence various aspects of seed physiology. Recent results indicate that this hydrogel plays a role in the retention of water around the seed and could influence their lifespan. A second objective of my thesis was to use mutants showing altered mucilage production to determine its contribution to seed lifespan after a controlled hydration treatment called ‘priming’. Seeds that do not release mucilage on imbibition retained longevity better after priming. I highlighted that the steady state levels of salicylic acid in primed seeds were influenced by mucilage and correlated negatively with their longevity. My results contribute to our genetic, physicochemical and ecophysiological understanding of mucilage production by seeds

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Thornton, Daniel Conrad Ogilvie. "Growth, mucilage production and aggregation of Skeletonema costatum." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338700.

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Abu, Ali Rola. "Micromorphology of extracellular mucilage in wood decay fungi." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300442.

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Pais, Yanay. "Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Cactus Mucilage Nanofibers." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3279.

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This work seeks to fabricate, optimize, and characterize nanofibers of cactus Opuntia ficus-indica mucilage and Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) by electrospinning. Mucilage is a neutral mixture of sugars produced by cactus and PVA is a non-toxic, water-soluble, synthetic polymer, which is widely used as a co-spinning agent for polymers. Mucilage was extracted from the cactus pad and prepared for electrospinning by mixing with acetic acid. Two types of PVA were used differentiating in high and low molecular weights. Concentrations of PVA were varied to find an adequate threshold for fiber formation. Changing the ratio of PVA to cactus mucilage produced fibers of different diameter and quality. The optimizations of the parameters used in the electrospinning setup were also a factor in creating quality fibers without deformity. An acceptable PVA to mucilage ratio mixture was reached for the use of the electrospinning process and consistent nanofibers were accomplished with the use of both the low and high molecular weight PVA. The fibers were observed using a Scanning Electron Microscope, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. In this project we were able to obtain nanofiber meshes made with environmentally friendly materials with fiber diameters raging from 50nm to 7um sized. The produced nanofibers were made in the hope that it can be utilized in the future as an inexpensive, biocompatible, and biodegradable water filtration system.

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Fabre, Jean-François. "Etude in vitro et in silico de l'extraction, modification chimique et assemblage de phospholipides pour la construction de nouvelles vésicules végétales : exemple de la caméline." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0066.

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Dans le cadre de plusieurs projets de recherche impliquant des partenaires académiques, industriels, et centres techniques locaux et nationaux (CLE Région n°14050981 : SMON-FERT, Réseau Carnot 3BCAR : CAMELINOIL, ITE PIVERT n° 2015-GENESYS-WP3P18-063 PROBIORAF, FEDER Convention N°16004168 : CHIA-EASYNOV), des approches d’études génériques de schémas intégrés ont été conçues pour valoriser le mucilage et les phospholipides de graines oléoprotéagineuses à mucilage, prenant ici l’exemple de la caméline. Présent à la surface des graines, le mucilage peut être efficacement extrait par l'utilisation d’une colonne à ultrasons alliée à des conditions de cisaillement adéquates. Sa composition et les propriétés qui peuvent en découler (comportement viscoélastique notamment) dépendent fortement des conditions de son extraction, en particulier du temps de traitement, comme le révèle le suivi continu de plusieurs paramètres (couple moteur, pH, conductivité, indice de réfraction). Riche en omega-3, l’huile est ensuite extraite des graines entières ou démucilaginées par pressage monovis pour les besoins alimentaires et de l’oléochimie dans ces différents programmes. Les phospholipides peuvent ensuite être récupérés par un traitement ultrasonore de l’huile en présence d’une faible quantité d’eau. Selon une méthode colorimétrique mise au point et des analyses chromatographiques, il apparait que si le rendement d’extraction d’huile dépend du taux d’humidité des graines, l’huile extraite contient peu de phospholipides, ceux-ci se retrouvant principalement dans le tourteau. Etant démucilaginé, ce dernier peut se prêter plus facilement à un traitement aqueux. Cependant, l’activation d’enzymes dans ce milieu impose le recours à des solvants organiques. Un couple de solvants comme l’éthanol et l’acétate d’éthyle est utilisé en remplacement du couple traditionnel méthanol/chloroforme, donnant des rendements similaires avec un impact supposé bien moindre sur la santé, l’environnement, de même que sur les possibilités de valorisation du tourteau. La composition des phospholipides détermine en grande partie les propriétés des vésicules qu’ils peuvent former en milieu aqueux. Pour élargir ces propriétés, notamment dans le domaine de l’encapsulation d’éléments nutritifs ou éliciteurs pour les plantes dans le programme SMON-FERT, une modification chimique des phospholipides a été entreprise. L’utilisation de faibles concentrations (<0,1 mM) de bleu de méthylène, en présence d’air et sous illumination (pour la génération de l’oxygène singulet), permet l’obtention d’hydropéroxydes à partir de phospholipides modèles (lécithine de soja) dissous dans l’éthanol. La variation de la concentration en photosensibilisateur et du volume d’air disponible permet de moduler le rendement d’oxydation des phospholipides pour aboutir à des vésicules de différentes tailles, charges et perméabilités ioniques. Si des conditions oxydantes trop poussées aboutissent à la perte des propriétés d’encapsulation, des conditions modérées permettent l’obtention de vésicules plus petites avec une perméabilité accrue de l’eau et de KCl. La dynamique moléculaire en mode « tout atome » et « gros grains » permet de relier cette perméabilité accrue à une diminution de l’épaisseur de la membrane, une augmentation de l’aire occupée par phospholipide et une plus grande hétérogénéité des vésicules formées. La combinaison d’outils in vitro et in silico peut ainsi permettre de comprendre comment adapter la modification chimique des phospholipides aux propriétés fonctionnelles voulues
Within the framework of several research projects involving academic and industrial partners as local and national technical centers (CLE Region n°1405050981 : SMON-FERT, Carnot network 3BCAR : CAMELINOIL, ITE PIVERT n° 2015-GENESYS-WP3P18-063 PROBIORAF, FEDER Convention N°16004168 : CHIA-EASYNOV), generic studies of integrated schemes have been designed to valorise mucilage and phospholipids from mucilaginous oilseeds, taking here the example of camelina. As the outermost surface layer of the seeds, mucilage can be effectively extracted by using an ultrasonic reactor with adequate shear conditions. Its composition and derived properties (as the viscoelastic behaviour) strongly depend on the parameters of its extraction, in particular the processing time, as revealed by the continuous monitoring of several responses (motor torque, pH, conductivity, refractive index). The omega-3 rich oil is then easily extracted from whole or demucilaginated seeds by single screw pressing for food and oleochemical needs in these different programs. According to chromatographic analyses and a specifically developed colorimetric method, it appears that if the oil extraction yield depends on the moisture content of the seeds, the phospholipid extraction yield remains low, these polar compounds being mainly found in the meal. Phospholipids can be recovered from the extracted oil by ultrasound-assisted precipitation with the presence of a small amount of water. Concerning the meal, as it is mucilage-free, it can be easily treated with water. However, the activation of enzymes in this solvent encourages the use of organic ones. A couple of solvents such as ethanol and ethyl acetate is used to replace the traditional methanol/chloroform mixture, giving similar yields with a supposedly much lower impact on health and environment, as well as on the potential further use of the meal. The composition of phospholipids largely determines the properties of the vesicles they can form in an aqueous medium. To extend these properties, particularly in the field of encapsulation of nutrients or elicitors for plants in the SMON-FERT program, a chemical modification of phospholipids has been undertaken. The use of low concentrations (<0.1 mM) of methylene blue, in the presence of air and under illumination (for the generation of singlet oxygen), allows the production of hydroperoxides from model phospholipids (soy lecithin) dissolved in ethanol. Using two variables (photosensitizer concentration and air volume) response surface methodology allows the oxidation to be modulated to produce vesicles of different sizes, charges and ionic permeability. If excessive oxidizing conditions result in the loss of encapsulation properties, moderate conditions allow the production of smaller vesicles with increased water and KCl permeability compared to unoxidized vesicles. Molecular dynamics study in "all atom" and "coarse grain" modes makes it possible to link this increased permeability to a decrease in membrane thickness, an increase in the area per lipid and a greater heterogeneity of the vesicles formed. The combination of in vitro and in silico tools can thus provide a way to adapt the chemical modification of phospholipids to the desired functional properties

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Fox, Dawn Iona. "Cactus Mucilage-Assisted Heavy Metal Separation: Design and Implementation." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3107.

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Natural contamination of groundwater by arsenic (As) has become a critical public health threat in many parts of the world. The well-known regions associated with As contamination of groundwater are Bangladesh and West Bengal, India where approximately 100 million people are exposed to high levels of arsenic by drinking arsenic-contaminated groundwater and about 35 million are already affected. Long-term drinking of arsenic-contaminated water leads to arsenicosis, which is characterized by cancers of the skin, organ disease and certain other types of cancer. Affected developing communities are at higher risk because they may not have access to conventional water treatment facilities. This problem has focused research efforts on providing accessible arsenic removal technologies. In this study, cactus mucilage, an extract from the Opuntia ficus-indica (also known as Nopal and Prickly Pear cactus), is investigated as a natural agent for As removal from water. Cactus mucilage is a natural hydrocolloid with known flocculant abilities and a demonstrated interaction with As. Two mucilage fractions were extracted - a gelling extract (GE) and a non-gelling extract (NE). Two As removal systems were studied: the cactus mucilage acting alone and a hybrid mucilage and iron treatment system. The mechanism of action of the mucilage's interaction with arsenic was also studied. Batch experiments were used to study the arsenic removal systems. Total As was determined with Hydride Generation - Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy (HGAFS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectroscopy (ICPMS). In the hybrid system, iron (Fe) was also determined by ICP-MS. Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis was used to determine mucilage concentration. Attenuated Total Reflectance - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UVVIS) were used to study the molecular composition. Additionally, the mucilage was characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) for physical morphology and by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for inorganics and sugars composition. Both cactus extracts showed an interaction with As by binding and transporting As to the air-water interface of the treatment container, with GE and NE causing a 14% and 9% respective increase in As concentration at the air-water interface. TOC analysis showed that the mucilage migrated to the top of the treatment container but also settled on the bottom. This interaction with As was shown to be pH dependent - optimal performance was at pH 5.5 and 9. The mucilage interaction with As was also dependent on the ionic strength of the solution. ATR-FTIR showed the role of the carboxyl functional group as the binding site for the As(V). The hybrid iron-mucilage treatment system was studied in order to capitalize on the strong affinity of iron for As, as well as to exploit the flocculant properties of the mucilage. Mucilage was successfully applied as a coagulant aid in the removal of As by Fe(III) salt, achieving between 75% to 96% As removal. The process depended on the hydrolysis of the Fe(III) salt to form iron hydroxides and oxyhydroxides, which reacted with and adsorbed the dissolved As(V). The iron arsenate colloidal precipitate which formed was then adsorbed onto the mucilage surface forming larger, heavier, denser flocs. The As removal increased with increasing mucilage concentration reaching a maximum at 100 mg/L GE. Increasing Fe(III) concentration increased the As removal reaching an optimum concentration at 40 mg/L Fe. The As removal had rapid kinetics, achieving visual separation within 10 minutes and completing the majority of the removal within 30 minutes. These results are important because they demonstrate that the mucilage is the versatile basis for an As removal treatment, being able to interact as a complexant for the arsenic as well as an effective coagulant aid for iron arsenate precipitation.

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Monteiro, Aline Gomes de Sousa. "Desenvolvimento de aditivo plastificante e retardador de pega para gesso a partir da mucilagem da palma forrageira." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9103.

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The use of gypsum in the building industry has been growing since 1990. The current plaster coating quick and easy application and is being widely used in construction due to its low cost. However, implementation of this coating generates a huge amount of waste, since it has high speed hardening and have not yet developed economically feasible technologies or applications that allow its reuse. To reduce the waste generated by the production of gypsum, adding a fire retardant additive that provides increased setting time is needed, offering longer workability of the product. This study aims to develop an additive retardant plasticizer for gypsum blocks from the mucilage of Opuntia Ficus Indica forage Palma and the evaluation of their performance through laboratory tests. The following steps were followed: Processed palm mucilage extraction, specific additive mass testing and determination of pH, application in gypsum slurry for setting time tests, absorption, compression and consistency. Based on the results it can be concluded that the additive to be used as fire retardant and plasticizer values obtained satisfactory for use. The setting time of the evaluation confirmed their retarding action on the handle start and end time grip. In compression analysis, the smaller the percentage of the additive used, greater strength. The absorption test showed that the specimen was more moisture containing the A(wather) / G(Gipsum) ratio largest and the smallest value corresponds to the smallest amount of water with the addition of the additive. As for the consistency test, the pulp with the addition of the additive possessed satisfactory values compared to reference values.
O uso de gesso na construção civil vem crescendo desde 1990. O revestimento de gesso atual possui rápida e fácil aplicação e está sendo muito utilizada na construção civil devido ao seu baixo custo. No entanto, a execução deste revestimento gera um enorme volume de resíduos, já que possui alta velocidade de endurecimento e ainda não foram desenvolvidas tecnologias ou aplicações economicamente viáveis que possibilitem a sua reutilização. Para reduzir os resíduos gerados pela confecção do gesso, é necessário a adição de um aditivo retardador que propicie aumento no tempo de pega, oferecendo mais tempo de trabalhabilidade do produto. Diante essa situação, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um aditivo retardador plastificante para blocos de gesso a partir da mucilagem da Palma Forrageira Opuntia Ficus Indica e a avaliação do seu desempenho através de testes em laboratório. Nos procedimentos metodológicos foram seguidas as seguintes etapas: processo de extração da mucilagem da palma, ensaios de massa específica do aditivo e determinação de ph, como também a aplicação na pasta de gesso para os ensaios de tempo de pega, absorção, compressão e consistência. Com base nos resultados pode-se concluir que o aditivo para ser utilizado como retardador e plastificante obteve valores satisfatórios para o uso. A avaliação do tempo de pega confirmou sua ação retardadora no tempo de início de pega e final de pega. No ensaio de resistência à compressão, quanto menor a porcentagem utilizada do aditivo, maior e resistência. O ensaio de absorção mostrou que o corpo de prova com maior umidade era o que continha a relação a/g maior, e o menor valor corresponde a menor quantidade de água com a adição do aditivo. Quanto ao ensaio de consistência, as pastas com a adição do aditivo possuíram valores satisfatórios comparados aos valores de referência.

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Saez, Aguayo Susana. "Caractérisation d'une accession d'Arabidopsis affectée dans la libération du mucilage." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AGPT0089.

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Les cellules épidermiques des téguments des graines d’Arabidopsis thaliana, espèce myxospermique, libèrent un halo de mucilage polysaccharidique lors de leur imbibition. Les polysaccharides du mucilage sont produits et accumulés au cours du développement de la graine, selon un processus de différenciation déjà largement décrit (Western et al. 2006). Au laboratoire, une mutation naturelle a été mise en évidence chez l’accession Djarly, dont les graines ne libèrent pas de mucilage au cours de leur imbibition. Le clonage positionnel a démontré que le locus affecté chez Djarly code pour un inhibiteur de pectine méthylestérase (PMEI6). Les PMEIs exercent un contrôle négatif sur l’activité des pectines méthylestérases (PME), enzymes qui déméthylestérifient les homogalacturonanes, par la formation d’un complexe PME-PMEI (Di Matteo et al., 2005 ; Hothorn et al., 2004). Des études génétiques, cytologiques et biochimiques ont prouvé que PMEI6 régule la méthylestérification des homogalacturonanes du mucilage et des parois cellulaires distales des cellules épidermiques de la graine retardant la libération du mucilage séminal. L’expression de PMEI6 dépend des régulateurs de transcription GLABRA2 et MUM1. L’activité PME dans les cellules épidermiques des graines est aussi modulée par la subtilisine serine protéase AtSBT1.7, et le phénotype additif du mutant pmei6 atsbt1.7 indique que PMEI6 régule d’autres PMEs. Djarly fait partie d’un groupe de vingt accessions, dont les graines flottent à cause de modifications des propriétés du mucilage séminal. Ces accessions portent au moins dix mutations indépendantes, qui affectent au moins 4 locus différents. Cette étude nous a permis de proposer que la modification des propriétés du mucilage est impliquée dans l’adaptation à l’environnement local, permettant la dispersion à longue distance des graines par l’eau
Upon imbibition, the myxospermous seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana, form a mucilage from hydrated polysaccharides released from the epidermal cells of the seed coat. These polysaccharides are produced and accumulated during seed development in a differentiation process that has been described in detail (Western et al. 2006). A screen of Arabidopsis accessions identified Djarly as a natural mucilage mutant affected in mucilage release on imbibition. The locus defective in Djarly was identified by map-based cloning as encoding a pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI6). Theseproteinaceous inhibitors negatively control the activity of pectin methylesterases (PME), enzymes that demethylesterify HG, through the formation of a PME-PMEI complex (Di Matteo et al., 2005; Hothorn et al, 2004). Genetic, cytological and biochemical studies demonstrated that PMEI6 regulates methylesterification of homogalacturonans present in mucilage and the outer cell wall of seed coat epidermal cells. Delayed seed mucilage release in pmei6 mutants results, therefore, from the reduced level of homogalacturonan methylesterification. Expression of PMEI6 required the transcription regulators GLABRA2 and MUM1. PME activity in seed coat epidermal cells is also modulated by the subtilisin serine protease AtSBT1.7, and the additive phenotype of pmei6 atsbt1.7 mutants indicates that PMEI6 regulates different PMEs. Djarly is one of twenty accessions where seeds float due to modifications of mucilage properties. At least ten independent mutations are responsible for the mucilage modifications in these accessions, affecting at least 4 different loci. This study has led us to propose that these mucilage modifications are local adaptations that allow longdistance seed disperal on water

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Facette, Michelle R. "Biochemical and genetic analyses of pectins in arabidopsis seed mucilage /." May be available electronically:, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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Ferraz, Marisol. "Caracteriza??o e conserva??o de sementes de esp?cies da subtribo Hyptidin? (Lamiaceae) nativas de semi?rido baiano." Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2016. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/522.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-31T00:53:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marisol Ferraz - tese final.pdf: 2927112 bytes, checksum: e8aefa039b3e565bd665b7e168e19f5d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-19
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
The caatinga is a biome with great biological diversity, endemism and big potential for the production of bioactive compounds of economic interest, but with a great lack of information about the vegetal species and their forms of conservation. This work in order to reduce this gap and ensure their genetic conservation, eight species of subtribe Hyptidinae (Lamiaceae): Eplingiella fruticosa (Salzm. ex Benth.) Harley & J.F.B.Pastore, Gymneia platanifolia (Salzm. ex Benth.) Harley & J.F.B.Pastore, Hyptis lanceolata Poir., Hyptis ramosa Pohl ex Benth., Hyptis velutina Pohl ex Benth., Martianthus leucocephalus (Salzm. ex Benth.) J.F.B.Pastore, Mesosphaerum pectinatum (L.) Kuntze, Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze., the seeds was characterized, the mucilage was extracted and the storage was done for twenty-four months in four different environments: 10 ? C without humidity control, to 10 ? C and 25 ? C with zinc chloride saturated solution, in liquid nitrogen at -196 ? C. The germinative response was tested every three months to evaluate storage efficiency in seed conservation. The efficiency of the use of X-ray image in the evaluation of the quality of the stored seeds was tested. The moisture content of the seeds ranged from 1.98% to 8.05%, suitable for storage. E. fruticosa, M. pectinatum and M. suaveolens can be good sources of mucilage due to their high yield. The environments with low relative humidity (5.5%) maintained by zinc chloride were efficient in the storage of the seeds of five of the eight evaluated species. X-ray image analysis is effective in evaluating seed quality.
A caatinga ? um bioma com uma grande diversidade biol?gica, endemismos egrande potencial para produ??o de compostos bioativos de interesse econ?mico, por?m com uma grande car?ncia de informa??es sobre as esp?cies vegetais e suas formas de conserva??o.Neste trabalho, com o objetivo de diminuir essa car?ncia e garantir sua conserva??o gen?tica, oito esp?cies da subtribo Hyptidinae (Lamiaceae):Eplingiella fruticosa (Salzm. ex Benth.) Harley & J.F.B.Pastore, Gymneia platanifolia (Salzm. ex Benth.) Harley & J.F.B.Pastore, Hyptis lanceolata Poir., Hyptis ramosa Pohl ex Benth.,Hyptis velutina Pohl ex Benth.,Martianthus leucocephalus (Salzm. ex Benth.) J.F.B.Pastore, Mesosphaerum pectinatum (L.) Kuntze, Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze., tiveram as sementes caracterizadas, foi feita a extra??o da mucilagem e o armazenamento por vinte e quatro meses em quatro ambientes distintos: 10?C sem controle de umidade, a 10?C e 25?C com solu??o saturada de cloreto de zinco, e em nitrog?nio l?quido a -196 ?C. A cada tr?s meses foi testada a resposta germinativa para avaliar a efici?ncia do armazenamento na conserva??o das sementes. Foi testada a efic?cia do uso de imagem de raio X na avalia??o da qualidade das sementes armazenadas.O teor de umidade das sementes variou de 1,98% a 8,05%, adequados ao armazenamento.E. fruticosa, M. pectinatum e M. suaveolens podem vir a ser boas fontes de mucilagem por apresentar alto rendimento.Os ambientes com baixa umidade relativa (5,5%) mantida pelo cloreto de zinco se mostraram eficientes no armazenamento das sementes de cinco das oito esp?cies avaliadas mantendo a viabilidade durante o per?odo avaliado. A an?lise da imagem de raio X ? eficaz na avalia??o da qualidade das sementes.

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Huang, Jun. "Molecular genetic analysis of seed coat mucilage mutants of arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/33147.

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During differentiation, the Arabidopsis seed coat epidermal cells produce copious amounts of mucilage that is extruded from the seed coat upon imbibition. Mucilage is composed primarily of pectin, a polysaccharide that is a main component of the cell wall. For this reason, the Arabidopsis seed coat is a good system for studying the biosynthesis, secretion and modification of pectin. Mutants with mucilage defects can be used to identify genes involved in the production of pectin. Mucilage-Modified mutants, including mum1, mum2 and mum4, were identified using screens of EMS mutagenized plants. Both mum1 and mum2 lack the ability to release the mucilage when mature seeds are imbibed. MUM2 encodes a β-galactosidase that modifies the mucilage structure in the apoplast. I have cloned the MUM1 gene and shown it to encode a putative transcription factor LEUNIG_HOMOLOG (LUH). Cellular localization and transcriptional assay results suggest that LUH/MUM1 is a nuclear-localized, transcriptional activator. LUH/MUM1 is expressed in all the tissues examined including the seed coat. qRT PCR data suggest that LUH/MUM1 is expressed throughout seed coat development, reaching peak expression late in differentiation. MUM2 expression in the luh/mum1 mutant was reduced dramatically, relative to that of wild type. Over-expression of MUM2 could partially rescue the mum1 phenotype. These data suggest that LUH/MUM1 is a positive regulator of MUM2. qRT PCR data revealed a similar expression level of LUH/MUM1 in wild type compared to plants homozygous for mutations in several genes encoding regulators of seed coat mucilage, namely APETALA2, TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1), TTG2 and GLABRA2. Thus the LUH/MUM1-MUM2 regulatory pathway appears to be independent of other transcription factors known to regulate aspects of seed coat mucilage biology. Mutations in the MUM4 gene result in seeds that release little mucilage. A mum4 mutant was mutagenized and resulting M2 progeny screened for modifier mutants. Ten enhancers (mum4 enhancer (men)) and ten suppressors (mum4 suppressors (msu)) mutants were isolated and partially characterized genetically and phenotypically. Further studies are needed to characterize these mutants.

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17

Schafhauser, James. "Reverse genetics of mucilage synthesis in the Arabidopsis thaliana seed coat." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112361.

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In Arabidopsis, the mucilage secretory cells (MSC) of the seed coat produce a pectinaceous mucilage. Very little is known about which genes are involved in the synthesis of pectins. A reverse genetic approach was used to identify genes involved in mucilage synthesis. A publicly available microarray database was screened with expression visualization tools, and was complemented by in-lab microarray experiments between wild type and known MSC mutants to identify candidate cell wall genes highly expressed at the time of mucilage synthesis. Several cell wall genes were also chosen based on their putative functions which would implicate them in mucilage synthesis. Phenotyping of mutant lines obtained for the cell wall candidate genes revealed no abnormal mucilage phentoypes in single or select double mutant lines. These results indicate that significant genetic redundancy exists in cell wall genes and/or the genes studied do not play significant roles in mucilage synthesis.

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Lapie, Clémentine. "Caractérisation de la rhizodéposition du maïs (Zea mays L.) en réponse à la présence d’hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques et d’éléments traces métalliques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0237.

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Cette thèse porte sur le fonctionnement de la rhizosphère dans un contexte de végétalisation de sols contaminés. Nous avons évalué l’impact de contaminants modèles (phénanthrène et cadmium) sur la rhizodéposition du maïs (Zea mays L.), afin de mieux comprendre le rôle joué par la rhizodéposition dans la tolérance de la plante à ce type de stress abiotique. Pour cela, un dispositif de culture et de collecte des rhizodépôts permettant d’évaluer la réponse du maïs à une exposition aux polluants a été mis en place. Ce développement méthodologique s’est attaché en particulier à mettre les plantes dans des conditions amenant à un fonctionnement aussi proche que possible de celui de conditions de culture normales dans un sol, tout en permettant la collecte des deux principales familles de rhizodépôts : les exsudats racinaires et le mucilage. Des outils de caractérisation des rhizodépôts récoltés ont été développés (analyses colorimétriques, LC-MS, GC-MS) afin de doser les principales familles de composés émis par les racines telles que les glucides, les acides aminés, les protéines et les acides organiques. Enfin, les rôles connus des molécules mises en évidence dans les expériences précédentes sur la dynamique des polluants ont été discutés. Cette étude a permis de mettre en évidence des modifications du profil métabolique de la rhizodéposition en présence de polluants et ce de façon différenciée selon qu’il s’agissait de polluants organiques ou métalliques. La présence de Cd entraine chez le maïs une diminution globale des composés émis par les racines (carbone total, glucides, acides aminés). Seules les protéines ne semblent pas être affectées par la présence du métal tandis que l’exsudation d’acides organiques augmente avec l’exposition au Cd. Le phénanthrène, quant à lui, entraîne une augmentation du carbone exsudé alors qu’il entraîne au contraire une diminution du carbone secrété dans le mucilage. De plus, il induit une augmentation de l’émission des glucides simples et polymérisés, des acides gras et des protéines tandis qu’il entraîne une baisse de la diffusion d’acides organiques. En plus de la présence de polluants, le développement du maïs a été étudié en analysant parallèlement sa rhizodéposition aux stades 4, 6 et 8 feuilles. L’effet du Cd sur l’exsudation semble s’accentuer à partir du stade 6 feuilles tandis que celui du phénanthrène tend au contraire à s’atténuer. L’influence des polluants sur le mucilage semble en revanche moins marquée et plus constante au cours du temps. Enfin, de nombreuses molécules rhizodéposées ont été identifiées comme pouvant jouer un rôle dans la dynamique des polluants dans le sol et par conséquent leur tolérance par la plante, notamment au travers des mécanismes de complexation ou de solubilisation
This thesis focuses on the functioning of the rhizosphere in the context of revegetation of contaminated soils. We evaluated the impact of model contaminants (phenanthrene and cadmium) on maize (Zea mays L.) rhizodeposition to better understand the role of rhizodeposition in the plant's tolerance to this type of abiotic stress. To this end, a system of plant cultivation and rhizodeposit collection was set up to assess the response of maize to pollutant exposure. Our methodological development aimed at placing the plants in conditions as close as possible as those of soil cultivation, while allowing the collection of the two main families of rhizodeposits: root exudates and mucilage. Tools for characterizing the collected rhizodeposits were developed (colorimetric analyses, LC-MS, GC-MS) in order to determine the main families of compounds emitted by roots such as carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins and organic acids. Finally, the role of the molecules highlighted in our experiments on pollutant dynamics was discussed. This study revealed changes in the metabolic profile of rhizodeposition in presence of pollutants and those differences may vary considering the nature of the pollutant (organic or metallic). Cd caused a decrease of almost all compound emissions by maize roots (total carbon, carbohydrates, amino acids). Only proteins did not appear to be affected by the presence of the metal, while the exudation of organic acids increased with Cd exposure. Phenanthrene, on the other hand, increased the quantity of exuded carbon while it decreased the carbon secreted in the mucilage. In addition, it induced an increase in the emission of simple and polymerized carbohydrates, fatty acids and proteins while diffused organic acids decreased. In addition to the presence of pollutants, the development of maize was studied by analysing its rhizodeposition at the 4, 6 and 8-leaf stages. The effect of Cd on exudation seemed to increase from the 6-leaf stage, while that of phenanthrene tended to decrease. On the other hand, the influence of pollutants on mucilage seemed less marked and more constant over time. Finally, many rhizodeposited molecules have been identified as playing a role in the pollutants’ dynamics in the soil and therefore in their tolerance by the plant, in particular through complexation or solubilisation mechanisms

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Hernandez, Pardo Mario Andres. "Hydrogen production from anaerobic co-digestion of coffee mucilage and swine manure." Phd thesis, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00778944.

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This research investigates an alternative approach to the use of two wastes from agricultural and livestock activities developed in Colombia. Swinemanure and coffee mucilage were used to evaluatean anaerobic co-digestion process focused on hydrogen production. In addition, the aims covered a further stage in order to close the cycle of the both wastes. The thesis was conducted in three phases : 1. Evaluation of hydrogen production from the co-digestion of coffee mucilage and swine manure during dark fermentation ; 2. Trends over retention time through the monitoring of microorganisms by quantitative PCR and other parameters incluiding pH, oxidation reduction potential, and hydrogen partial pressure ; 3. Treatment of the effluent from hydrogen production process by anaerobic digestion with methane production. The experimental results showed that mixtures of both wastes are able to produce hydrogen. A substrate ratio of 5:5, which was associated with a C/N ratio of 53, was suitable for hydrogen production. Moreover, the stability and optimization of the process were evaluated by increasing the influent organic load rate. This wasthe best experimental condition in terms of average cumulative hydrogen volume, production rate and yield which were 2661 NmL, 760 NmLH2/Lwd and 43 NmL H2/gCOD, respectively. This performance was preserved over time, which was verified through the repetitive batch cultivation during 43 days. Two trends were identified over retention time associated with similar cumulative hydrogen, but with differences in lag-phase time and hydrogen production rate. T.thermosaccharolyticum was the dominating genus during the short trend related to the shortest lag phase time and highest hydrogen production rate. The long trends were associated with a decrease of Bacillus sp. concentration at the beginning of the experiments and with the possible competition for soluble substrates between T.thermosaccharolyticum and Clostridium sp. The third phase showed that the use of a second stage to produce methane was useful enhancing the treatment of both wastes. Finally, the overall energy produced for both biofuels (Hydrogen andmethane) showed similar levels with other process. However, hydrogen was around the 10% of the overall energy produced in the process. In addition, both gases could be mixed to produce biohythane which improves the properties of biogas.

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Muppaneni, Rasudha. "Investigation of Opuntia ficus-indica Mucilage Nanofiber Membrane Filtration for Water Systems." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5541.

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This work investigates the fabrication, characterization and testing of Opuntia ficus-indica mucilage nanofibers to be utilized in water filtration systems. These mucilage nanofibers are formed using different polymers through a process called electrospinning. The polymers used to promote the formation of nanofibers are poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and polystyrene (PS). The mucilage is a jelly like substance extracted from the pads of the cactus plant. It is a mixture of proteins, complex polysaccharides and monosaccharaides. It is an inexpensive, non-toxic, biodegradable and biocompatible material which is present in abundance. The mucilage extracted from the pads is mixed with acetic acid to form the mucilage solution. The mucilage solution is then mixed by volume with co-spinning polymers, PVA and PS. PVA is a synthetic polymer that is water-soluble, and this work considers two types of PVA differentiated based upon molecular weight, such as low molecular weight PVA and high molecular weight PVA. Polystyrene is a synthetic polymer extracted from a monomer styrene, and it is inexpensive, biodegradable, and abundant. The polystyrene, in its solid form, is further decomposed using a solvent called D-Limonene. D-Limonene is a biodegradable, non-toxic solvent formed from the citrus extract of orange peelings. The PVA and PS solutions are mixed in several different volume ratios with the mucilage solutions. These solutions were electrospun and consistent nanofibers were obtained using the low molecular weight PVA solutions and the polystyrene solutions. The fibers and polymeric solutions were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurements, viscosity, and FTIR. Resulting mucilage nanofiber membranes were characterized by atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) filtration testing. In addition, a life cycle analysis using the SimaPro software was performed to understand the environmental impact of solutions used to fabricate the mucilage nanofiber membranes. Characterization results confirm the formation of PVA:mucilage and PS:mucilage nanofibers. Filtration testing of the nanofiber membranes indicates better performance with membranes formed by PS: mucilage solutions as compared to PVA: Mucilage solutions. Overall, this work has shown that natural materials, such as cactus mucilage, can be synthesized with polymeric solutions to form environmentally friendly water filters.

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Abusriwil, Abir. "Development of a nasal drug delivery system using Capsella bursa-pastoris seed mucilage." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2016. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27401.

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Myxospermous seeds are characterised by the secretion of mucilage around the seed during germination. Capsella bursa-pastoris is an annual or perennial herbal plant of Brassicaceae family which has myxospermous seeds. This thesis studied extracted Capsella bursa-pastoris mucilage to see if it could be employed as a drug delivery system targeting the nasal cavity. Firstly, different extraction methods were used to extract the mucilage from Shepherd’s purse seeds without other contaminating components present from the seed coat. The extraction methods included the use of different solvents and temperatures. The extracts were freeze dried and underwent extensive studies of their physical (moisture content, glass transition temperature) and chemical (degree of esterification, carbohydrate composition) characteristics to compare them. Physicochemical properties of mucilage were studied using different approaches to understand the mucilage behaviour and assess its ability to be developed into a drug delivery system. The colorimetric identification of mucilage components, found rhamnose and uronic acid, which was indicative of extraction of a pectic type polymer. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) examination of the different samples of mucilage suggested that the polymer was a polygalacuturonic acid. These findings were supported by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) findings of an uronolactone structure which was predicated from intramolecular esterification of the uronic acid to form a lactone ring. The vapour sorption ability of mucilage was measured by DVS and was found to be huge and capable of adsorbing 50-70% of its weight accompanied with crystallisation at temperature below room temperature (17°C) and relative humidity as low as 10% assessed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Mucilage was thermally unstable and lost its adsorbed moisture at 40°C when it was heated in Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). The different solvent extractions produced extracts with similar characteristics. All extracts were further examined for their mucoadhesion characteristics using Atomic Force (AFM) spectroscopy. An AFM study of the mucoadhesion of the mucilage to mucin coated mica sheets showed that the mucoadhesion power of extracted mucilage to mucin was higher than that of standard pectin and hydroxylpropylmethyl celluloses K100 which are widely used for drug delivery. It seemed that the mucilage would be a good candidate for a drug delivery system to the nasal cavity due to its mucoadhesive property. After assessing the physicochemical properties of all mucilage extracts and their mucoadhesion ability, water maceration extract was chosen for the development of the drug delivery system. Paracetamol and amitriptyline were chosen for their solubility properties as drug models. Different dosage forms with different surface areas were formed using the mucilage and the chosen drugs. Drug release properties from the different forms (discs and inserts) were assessed using Franz cells of diffusion. Shepherd’s purse mucilage was successfully formed into a drug delivery form able to deliver drugs to the site of administration by the effect of a plasticiser. Additionally, the mucilage drug delivery system was able to take up and release drugs. However, % paracetamol released from the mucilage inserts was not different from the % released from HPMC K100. The calculated similarity factor of the release profile of amitriptyline from mucilage and HPMC K100 nasal inserts was 43.5. Furthermore, the similarity factor of amitriptyline release from nasal discs of mucilage and HPMC K100 was 59.6. The drug delivery system from mucilage was as effective as HPMC K100 in drug release profile. The developed drug delivery system was able to adhere to mucin stronger than HPMC K100 and commercial available standard pectin; however, the pseudoplastic behaviour of the mucilage used to develop the system would lead to reduction of the viscosity of the system upon application. It is expected that as a result the drug delivery system could be washed out of the nasal cavity before delivering its drug content. Further drug delivery studies are required using ex vivo and in vivo methods to assess its suitability for developing a new drug delivery system. Nevertheless, the results presented in this thesis show that the mucilage could be a viable nasal drug delivery system and worthy of further investigation.

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Western, Tamara Lynn. "Genetic analysis of ovule development and seed coat mucilage production in Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ34642.pdf.

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Buttice, Audrey Lynn. "Aggregation of Sediment and Bacteria with Mucilage from the Opuntia ficus-indica Cactus." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4295.

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Flocculants are commonly used in industrial settings where solid-liquid separations are desired including industrial and municipal wastewater management and potable water production facilities. Conventional flocculants include inorganic metal salts and synthetic organic polymers. The cost, availability, and harmful effects of the non-biodegradable nature of these flocculants have led to the widespread study of natural flocculants. Current natural flocculants being studied include polysaccharides cultivated from microbial extracellular matrix products and plant based materials. In this study, the mucilage of Opuntia ficus-indica cactus was evaluated as a natural flocculant for sediments and bacteria. The O. ficus-indica cactus is also known as the nopal or prickly pear and is commonly used as a food source in Mexico and Latin America. Using simple extraction techniques non-gelling (NE) and gelling (GE) mucilage extracts were isolated from fresh cactus pads. Column tests were used to evaluate the flocculation and removal of suspended sediment and bacteria caused by mucilage addition. Throughout this work the mucilage's ability as a flocculant was evaluated by varying mucilage type and concentration, suspended contaminant type and concentration, and cation type and concentration. Many of the results are explained in terms of the morphology and chemical composition of the GE and NE mucilage extracts. The extracts consist primarily of polysaccharides and differences in physical structure between mucilage types were seen using atomic force microscopy and transition electron microscopy. A variety of suspended particles were used to evaluate the mucilage as a flocculant including kaolin, acid-washed kaolin, and bacteria. The bacteria employed in this study include Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli HB101 K12, and fully attenuated Bacillus anthracis Sterne strain. The addition of monovalent (Na+ and K+), divalent (Ca2+ and Mg2+), and trivalent (Al3+ and Fe3+) cations was studied alone and in combination with mucilage. In cation studies Ca2+ had the most profound effect on flocculation efficiency; therefore its efficacy was further explored. Mucilage was most effective with dosages between 5 and 50 mg/L for the contaminants studied. Using these optimal concentrations, 20 to 200 L of water could be treated with only 1 g of mucilage powder. Based on the extraction method used in this work, 1 g of mucilage can be obtained from a cactus pad weighing approximately 250 g (wet weight). Mucilage remained an effective flocculant over a wide range of suspended contaminant concentrations showing that mucilage is a versatile flocculant that can be tailored for a variety of applications. Overall, this work shows that the O. ficus-indica cactus is an effective flocculant for suspended sediments and bacteria. The cactus' low cost, abundance, and current use in many areas make it an attractive alternative to traditionally used flocculants. Additionally, this work builds upon existing knowledge pertaining to natural flocculants and could offer insight into their general behaviors for water treatment applications.

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Yang, Bo Verfasser], Björn [Akademischer Betreuer] [Usadel, and Ralph [Akademischer Betreuer] Panstruga. "Seed coat mucilage research in Arabidopsis thaliana / Bo Yang ; Björn Usadel, Ralph Panstruga." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/115692216X/34.

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Iqbal, Amjad. "Presence of oligosaccharides in seed-coat mucilage of Lepidium sativum : role in allelopathy." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7832.

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Lepidimoide is a naturally occurring disaccharide reported to be an oligosaccharin, i.e. to exhibit ‘hormone-like’ biological activity. It was found in cress (Lepidium sativum) root exudates and exerts apparently allelopathic effects on neighbouring Amaranthus seedlings. In the present study the effect of cress root exudates on hypocotyl and root length of Amaranthus caudatus and Lactuca sativa was studied. The seedlings of both species grown with Lepidium sativum seedlings had longer hypocotyls and shorter roots as compared to the control. In this study I found an active principle with biological effects similar to those of lepidimoide to be more abundant in cress seed-coat mucilage than in root exudates. The active principle peaked 24 hours after seed soaking, and thereafter plateaued. I also for the first time confidently proved that the bioactive compound(s) were exuded by cress and were not microbial digestion products or seed treatment chemicals. Quantitative tests of cress root exudates and cress seed-coat mucilage showed the presence of hexoses, pentoses, uronic acids and unsaturated uronic acid. The presence of unsaturated uronic acid might be of interest because the known structure of lepidimoide includes an unsaturated uronic acid. Active principle from mucilage was partitioned into the aqueous phase when shaken with ethyl acetate at pH 2, 6.5 and 12, showing it to be hydrophilic, unlike auxins and gibberellins. The mucilage was also heated at 130°C for 48 h and severe heating did not affect its biological activity, suggesting that if the compound is lepidimoide then it is heat-resistant. In an attempt to test whether the compound is of high or low Mr, the mucilage was partitioned into 75% ethanol-precipitated and non-precipitated fractions. The biological activity in the non-precipitated fraction was very high, and was further separated by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC). GPC on Bio-Gel P-10 and P-2 suggested that the active principle had Mr ~500–750, compatible with oligosaccharide(s), suggesting that a particular oligosaccharide may be the active principle. TLC separation of bioactive fractions from P-2 showed that the bioactive compound migrated between GalA and Gal but co-migrated with sucrose; however, paper chromatography separation proved that the compound is not sucrose and might be a different disaccharide (lepidimoide). From the structure of lepidimoide, Fry et al. (1993) proposed that lepidimoide is formed by the lyase-catalysed cleavage of a pectic polysaccharide, rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I). So I tried to prepare lepidimoide or lepidimoide-like compounds by the action of RG-I lyase from Pichia pastoris on purified potato RG-I. The lyase showed its activity but the digest did not demonstrate biological activity, which might be due to presence of tris-HCl buffer in the solution. An attempt was also made to prepare lepidimoide by methyl esterification and -elimination of purified potato RG-I but again the product did not show any biological activity, which might be due to presence of borate buffer in the solution. This part of research might be useful for future work on preparation of lepidimoide and lepidimoide-like compounds.

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Yang, Bo [Verfasser], Björn [Akademischer Betreuer] Usadel, and Ralph [Akademischer Betreuer] Panstruga. "Seed coat mucilage research in Arabidopsis thaliana / Bo Yang ; Björn Usadel, Ralph Panstruga." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/115692216X/34.

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Gorman, Ashley. "Understanding seed-soil adhesion by myxospermous seeds and their biophysical function in agroecosystems." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2019. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/33ec7318-88e9-4e39-9a31-c26a8b1a1638.

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Seedbanks provide many ecosystem services that support wildlife and regulate soil function. The fate of arable seeds is vital in shaping the aboveground composition of plant communities in agroecosystems. Understanding seed fate informs seedbank dynamics with multi-species interactions, as well as safeguarding arable biodiversity and food security. While many seed fate pathways are well known, the role of myxospermy in temperate agricultural soils is rarely addressed. Mucilage released by myxospermous seeds can modify the soil physical, hydraulic and microbial environment surrounding the seed. The principle biophysical mechanisms underlying the redistribution of weed seeds in eroded soils are unknown. It is possible that myxospermy delivers crucial services at the field scale, such as soil stability and water retention. However, modifications of the soil physical environment have been investigated using only a single-species approach and are often tested with extracted mucilage rather than seeds in-situ. As multiple taxa produce myxospermous seeds, the effects of a single species cannot be generalised. As seeds co-exist in the soil as multi-species communities, a multi-species approach is needed to further understand the functionality of seed mucilage and their implications for soil, relative to the wider seedbank. This thesis focussed on examining the mechanisms responsible for the adhesive interactions between soil and myxospermous seeds and discusses the ecological function and behaviour at the soil particle scale.

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Zhou, Dongfang. "Seed Germination Performance and Seed Coat Mucilage Production of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49553.

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Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a warm season herb usually propagated from seeds. Establishment of basil is difficult as seed germination may be limited, particularly during field seeding at cold soil temperatures. The germination of six cultivars (\'Italian Large Leaf\', \'Italian Large Leaf\' 35X, \'Nufar\', \'Genovese\', \'Genovese Compact Improved\' and \'Aroma 2\') of sweet basil seeds were tested on a one dimensional thermo-gradient table over temperatures ranging from 0 to 50"C. At temperatures below 20"C, germination among cultivars was more variable and the mean time to germination (MTG) increased to greater than 25 days for some cultivars. Germination declined sharply and had a sudden termination at high temperatures above 40"C for all six cultivars. There were statistical differences among the cultivar base temperatures, which ranged between 10.1 and 13.3"C. The optimal and ceiling temperatures for germination were similar and did not differ statistically among the cultivars compared in this study. The average optimal temperature for all cultivars was 35 ± 0"C, while the average ceiling temperature was 43 ± 1.3"C. Stored seeds (> 5 years) had lower seed vigor and lower germination percentage, also lower ceiling temperature compared with the fresh seeds of the same cultivar (\'Italian Large Leaf\'), but the base temperatures were the same for both new and old seeds. Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) seeds produce a thick layer of mucilage around the pericarp within minutes after hydration. Mucilage is most prevalent among plant species adapted to surviving in arid sandy soils, though its significance in determining ecological fitness is unclear. The mucilage produced by seeds is reported to be composed of cell-wall polysaccharides that are deposited in testa pericarp cells during development. In this study, sweet basil seeds were examined using light and environmental scanning electron microscopy. The mucilage of basil seeds is held together by columnar structures that unfolded from the pericarp and helped hold and stabilize the mucilage to the outer surface. The mucilage was removed using diluted hydrochloric acid to compare performance of seeds with and without mucilage. Mucilage removal did not inhibit seed germination under ideal laboratory conditions but decreased the water content of seeds significantly. The water content of intact seeds was almost 4 times greater than seeds without mucilage. Mucilage enabled seeds cling to an incline board set to a steeper angle than seeds without mucilage. The fully hydrated seeds approached zero water potential, so the mucilage did not prevent seeds from fully hydrating. Soil (media) germination testing showed the seeds with mucilage had higher germination percentage than the seed without mucilage on several different types of media. Seeds with mucilage also had higher survival percentages after 10 days on different types of media. Basil seeds mucilage acts as a reservoir to hold loosely bound water at high water potential so it is available for seed germination and early seedling development.
Master of Science

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Shi, Lin. "Seed oil, seed coat mucilage and cuticular wax deposition are interconnected in Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/47140.

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Seed oil, seed coat mucilage and cuticular wax are plant-specific metabolites important for plant development and growth. Therefore, understanding biosynthesis, deposition, transport and regulation of these metabolites will benefit our daily life and the environment. The original objectives of my thesis research were to investigate the regulation of seed oil accumulation by a transcription factor GLABRA2 (GL2; chapter 2) and to explore the secretory process involved in the transport of cuticular waxes from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane (chapter 3) in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, my research revealed two unexpected connections between seed oil and seed coat mucilage deposition and between cuticular wax export and cell wall formation. At the beginning of chapter 2, I hypothesized that GL2 may regulate seed oil biosynthesis by controlling PHOSPHOLIPASE D ZETA (PLDZ) genes in the embryo. However, my data demonstrated that GL2, and all of the transcription factors known to be required for GL2 expression, influence seed oil accumulation in the embryo by regulating transcription of a seed coat mucilage biosynthetic gene, MUCILAGE MODIFIED 4 (MUM4) in the seed coat. Based on this evidence, I propose that mucilage biosynthesis in the seed coat competes with oil biosynthesis in the embryo for available photosynthate during seed development. This information suggests a promising way to engineer high oil yields in seeds by blocking seed coat mucilage production. In chapter 3, I characterized deposition of stem cuticular wax, seed coat mucilage and secondary cell wall columella, and secretion in the cer11-1 mutant. The pleiotropic cer11-1 phenotype suggests that CER11 plays a role in secretory trafficking involved in the deposition of apoplastic matrix components, including cuticular wax, seed coat mucilage and cell wall constituents. Cloning of the CER11 gene revealed that it encodes C-TERMINAL DOMAIN PHOSPHATASE LIKE 2 (CPL2) that interacts with a vacuolar type H⁺-ATPase (V-ATPase) subunit C (VHA-C) in yeast and plants. I hypothesize that the role of the CER11/CPL2 in secretory trafficking is to determine phosphorylation levels of VHA-C involved in regulation of V-ATPase activity.
Science, Faculty of
Botany, Department of
Graduate

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Piatkowski, Bryan. "Axillary hair developmental ultrastructure and mucilage composition in the moss Physcomitrella patens: Microscopic and bioinformatic analyses." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1841.

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Physcomitrella patens, a haploid-dominant land plant, has increasingly become useful in molecular genetic studies and is a model for early land plant evolution. This thesis work explores the mucilage secretory hair ontology, development, and ultrastructure with microscopic methods. Axillary hair development parallels that of secretory tissues found in other mosses and ultrastructure shares important similarities with liverwort mucilage papillae. These mucilage secretory structures cover the developing apex and young leaves with mucilage for protection. Changes in the hair cell wall and mucilage secretion are mediated by pectin and wall modification. Using bioinformatic methods, this thesis also investigates protein-protein interactions in Physcomitrella to understand the molecular mechanisms governing pectin biosynthesis and modification.

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Crews, Laura Jean Elizabeth. "Wound-induced xylem mucilage in Zea mays L. roots traps invaders and keeps vessels functional." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq36923.pdf.

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Griffiths, Jonathan Stewart. "Genetic analysis of the role of cellulose in Arabidopsis seed coat development and mucilage adherence." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44497.

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Rouaud, Vanessa Morgane. "Caractérisation spatiale et temporelle des communautés microbiennes d’un type de mucilage marin, le Liga, se formant dans le sud du Golfe de Gascogne." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU3054/document.

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Les mucilages pélagiques marins (MPM) sont des phénomènes mondiaux sporadiques et, dans certaines régions, chroniques dans les zones côtières. Ces agrégats gélatineux, enrichis en matière organique et en microorganismes, forment des écosystèmes marins autonomes transitoires allant de 0,5 cm à plusieurs kilomètres de long. Ils correspondent à des étapes évolutives de la neige marine non-sédimentée maintenue dans la zone photique. Durant les dernières décennies une intensification des apparitions des MPM ont été recensées. Ainsi, les MPM sont devenus un sujet de préoccupation pour les populations qui exploitent les ressources côtières et dans le contexte du fonctionnement global de l'écosystème. Malgré l’intérêt scientifique grandissant au cours des dernières décennies au sujet de ces phénomènes, notamment en mer Adriatique, les causes de formation, la dynamique et le rôle respectif des microorganismes dans de tels systèmes restent énigmatiques. La plupart des études réalisées sur les MPM étaient axées uniquement sur les communautés microbiennes eucaryotes par l’utilisation de techniques microscopiques. Or de nos jours, les méthodes moléculaires permettent de se concentrer également sur l'ensemble de la communauté, y compris les procaryotes. Afin d'approfondir notre compréhension de ces phénomènes nous avons étudié un type MPM qui est apparu de manière récurrente et abondante au cours de la dernière décennie dans le sud du Golfe de Gascogne (France), le «Liga». Dans un premier temps, nous avons étudié la formation de ce MPM au travers d’une année complète en suivant la dynamique des communautés archées, bactériennes et eucaryotes par la technique de T-RFLP, technique d’empreinte moléculaire ciblant la petite sous-unité du gène codant pour ARNr. Cette approche a révélé que les communautés microbiennes du Liga étaient différentes des communautés microbiennes marines pour les trois domaines du vivant, et que ces deux communautés étaient gouvernées par des paramètres environnementaux dont la variation était saisonnière. Les archées n’ayant pas pu être détectés dans le Liga, nous nous sommes focalisés sur la structure des communautés bactériennes et eucaryotes au moyen de technologies de séquençage à haut débit. Cette méthode a révélé que le Liga était principalement composé d'espèces marines, même si ces communautés étaient significativement différentes des espèces marines. Dans le Liga, les communautés eucaryotes étaient principalement composées de dinoflagellés, de zooplancton et de cnidaires. Les communautés bactériennes étaient principalement composées d’Alphaproteobacteria et de Gammaproteobacteria. La diversité fonctionnelle du Liga fraîchement formé a été également étudiée pendant les saisons d'apparition de ce phénomène, au printemps et à l'automne. Nous avons ainsi mis en évidence que les communautés microbiennes du Liga avaient potentiellement moins de capacités de résistance au stress et que ces communautés étaient potentiellement plus virulentes que les communautés microbiennes marines
Marine pelagic mucilage (MPM) is worldwide phenomena occurring sporadically and, in certain regions, episodically in coastal areas. These gelatinous aggregates, enriched in organic matter and microorganisms, form autonomous transitory marine ecosystems ranging from 0.5 cm to several kilometers. They correspond to evolving stages originating from the non-settling early marine snow maintained in the photic zone. During the last decades intensification of MPM events have been noticed. They became a matter of concern both for populations exploiting coastal resources and in the context of global ecosystem functioning. Although increased scientific attention has been paid during last decades to these phenomena in specific areas such the Adriatic Sea, the causes of appearance, the dynamics, and the respective role of microorganisms in such systems remain enigmatic. Most of the studies performed on MPM focused on eukaryotic microbial communities using microscopic techniques. However molecular methods allow nowadays focusing also on the whole community including the prokaryotic part. In order to deeper our understanding of these phenomena we studied a MPM that occurred recurrently and more frequently during the last decade in the south of the Bay of Biscay (France), the “Liga”. In a first step we investigated the formation of this MPM through a complete year by following the dynamics of archaeal, bacterial and eukaryotic communities using T-RFLP fingerprinting targeting the small subunit of rRNA genes. This approach revealed that Liga’s microbial communities where different from marine microbial communities for the three domains of life and that both marine mucilage and marine communities were linked with seasonal patterns. As archaea were not found in the Liga, we focused on bacterial and eukaryotic communities’ structures through high throughput sequencing. The molecular composition revealed that the Liga was mainly composed of marine species although these communities were significantly different from marine species. In the Liga, eukaryotic communities were mainly composed of dinoflagellates, zooplankton and cnidarians species and bacterial communities were mainly composed of Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. Functional diversity of freshly-formed Liga was targeted during its seasons of apparition, in spring and in autumn. We highlighted that Liga’s microbial communities had less potential capabilities to resist to stress conditions and that these communities were potentially more virulent than marine microbial communities

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Rocha, Mariana Souza. "Desenvolvimento de sistema de liberação modificada utilizando a mucilagem da semente de Linum usitatissimum L. (LINHAÇA)." Niterói, 2018. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/5914.

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Na busca de melhorias das propriedades farmacocinética e farmacodinâmica, com propósito de minimizar efeitos adversos e melhorar a eficácia do tratamento, a tecnologia farmacêutica avança na procura por aperfeiçoamento no desenvolvimento de sistemas de liberação modificada de medicamentos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver sistemas matriciais utilizando os polímeros hidrofílicos naturais extraídos da semente de Linum usitatissimum L. (Linhaça) com a finalidade de avaliar o potencial destes no controle de liberação do fármaco. Foi também avaliado o processo de extração da mucilagem. A análise por meio da Metodologia de Superfície e Resposta forneceu os pontos ótimos de extração para se obter o máximo de mucilagem extraída e o máximo de rendimento de extração de todas as substâncias solúveis da linhaça. Para estudar as melhores condições para se obter um equilíbrio entre esses objetivos conflitantes e explorar as opções disponíveis foi utilizado o método de interseção normal à fronteira também chamado de Normal Boundary Intersection (NBI). Com este foram encontradas as soluções Pareto ótimas uniformemente distribuídas e contínuas para o problema multiobjetivo não-linear. Através da caracterização por análise termogravimétrica (TGA) e espectroscopia na região do infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (IV- TF) foi verificado que a extração dos polímeros da linhaça no meio básico (pH 9,6) apresentou melhores características em relação a estabilidade térmica e grau de pureza quando comparado com a mucilagem adquirida no ponto ótimo (pH de 3,81) obtido pela MSR. A diferença em percentual de peso entre as duas extrações difere em apenas 5 %. A avaliação do potencial dos polímeros naturais no controle de liberação do fármaco foi realizada através do ensaio de dissolução. Este foi realizado com o objetivo de comparar os perfis de liberação do Ibuprofeno a partir de comprimidos contendo a mucilagem da linhaça (C-M), polímeros naturais, HPMC (C-HPMC), polímeros semi- sintéticos e comprimidos sem matriz polimérica (C-SP). As três formulações apresentaram um peso médio dentro do limite de variação permitido de 350 mg ± 5 % com baixo valor de DPR, friabilidade igual a zero e dureza com valores de aproximadamente 85 N que garante a resistência das unidades. O teor de Ibuprofeno nas três formulações de comprimido apresentou-se dentro da especificação farmacopéica (90- 110 %). Os resultados de comparação por ED e valores de f1 e f2 indicarem perfis de liberação semelhantes entre os comprimidos contendo mucilagem e HPMC. Entretanto a análise dos modelos matemáticos sugere que os mecanismos de liberação do ibuprofeno das formulações são diferentes. O comprimido contendo mucilagem apresentou uma liberação não- Fickiana com cinética de ordem zero. Já o contendo HPMC apresentou um modelo de pseudo- ordem zero, com uma liberação não- Fickiana e o de liberação imediata apresentou uma liberação Fickiana com um modelo matemático de Hixson- Crowell. Estudos sobre poder de intumescimento do polímero e resistência do gel são perspectivas para continuidade do estudo para compreensão dos mecanismos de liberação
In pursuit of improvements in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, in order to minimize adverse effects and improve treatment efficacy, the pharmaceutical technology is advancing in the search for improvement in the development of modified drug delivery systems. The objective of this work was to develop matrix systems using the natural hydrophilic polymers extracted from the Linum usitatissimum L. (Linseed) seed in order to evaluate their potential in the control of drug release. The process of extracting the mucilage was also evaluated. The analysis by means of the Surface and Response Methodology provided the optimum extraction points to obtain the maximum extracted mucilage and maximum extraction yield of all the soluble substances of the flaxseed. To study the best conditions to achieve a balance between these conflicting objectives and to explore the available options, the normal boundary intersection method (NBI) was also used. With this, the Pareto solutions were uniformly distributed and continuous for the non-linear multiobjective problem. Through the characterization by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and spectroscopy in the infrared region with Fourier transform (IV-TF), it was verified that the extraction of flax polymers in the basic medium (pH 9,6) presented better characteristics in relation to the thermal stability And degree of purity when compared to the obtained mucilage at the optimum point (pH 3.81) obtained by MSR. The difference in weight percentage between the two extractions differs by only 5 %. The evaluation of the potential of the natural polymers in the control of drug release was performed through the dissolution test. The aim of this study was to compare the release profiles of Ibuprofen from tablets containing flax mucilage (CM), natural polymers, HPMC (C-HPMC), semi- synthetic polymers and tablets without polymer matrix (C-SP ). The three formulations had a mean weight within the allowed range of 350 mg ± 5 % with low DPR value, friability equal to zero and hardness with values of approximately 85N that guarantees the strength of the units. The Ibuprofen content in the three tablet formulations was within the pharmacopoeial specification (90- 110 %). The comparison results by ED and values of f1 and f2 indicate similar release profiles between the mucilage containing tablets and HPMC. However, the analysis of the mathematical models suggests that the mechanisms of release of the ibuprofen of the formulations are different. The mucilage-containing tablet showed a non- Fickian release with zero order kinetics. The HPMC-containing model presented a zero-order pseudo-order model with a non- Fickian release and the immediate release model presented a Fickian release with a Hixson- Crowell mathematical model. Studies on polymer swelling power and gel strength are prospects for continuity of the study for understanding the release mechanisms

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Portanguen, Stéphane. "Texturation d'une matrice protéique en vue de la conception d'un aliment fonctionnel par impression 3D." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UCFA0143.

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Ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans un contexte démographique mondial en évolution. En effet, des solutions nutritionnelles sont à développer pour pallier au vieillissement de la population, dont une conséquence est le nombre croissant de personnes présentant des déficiences masticatoires. La texturation d'aliments, riches en protéines de bonne qualité nutritionnelle, est un point essentiel pour une bonne mastication et pour une assimilation optimale des nutriments, mais également pour l'acte et le plaisir de manger.L'impression 3D alimentaire est une des voies de recherche possibles pour concevoir de nouveaux aliments fonctionnels à destination des personnes fragiles. Afin de correspondre aux problématiques sociétales actuelles, ces aliments doivent être sains, personnalisés et socialement acceptables. Pour répondre à ce cahier des charges ambitieux, une approche en quatre étapes a été utilisée dans ce travail de thèse :1) Le développement d'une imprimante 3D parfaitement adaptée à la mise en œuvre de matrices carnées. La maîtrise des paramètres d'impression permet désormais de proscrire l'utilisation d'agents de texture et donc, de concevoir des aliments dont la formulation est plus simple et plus naturelle ;2) Afin de potentialiser la structure des aliments imprimés et d'élargir la gamme des textures possibles, la réaction de glycation a été étudiée et appliquée à un milieu modèle à base de gélatine. Cette matière première a révélé toute sa complexité lors de la mise en œuvre de la réaction, nécessitant une étude d'élucidation des mécanismes mis en jeu. Ainsi, il a été montré que la teneur en eau initiale et l'indice Bloom de la gélatine, en influençant de façon notable la structure secondaire de la gélatine, conditionnaient fortement le devenir de la réaction de glycation ;3) Les personnes présentant une déficience masticatoire peuvent également souffrir d'un déficit de salivation. Cette troisième partie du travail de thèse a donc consisté à étudier les propriétés rhéologiques de matrices riches en protéines animales, mais aussi la façon d'incorporer un substitut salivaire naturel directement dans l'aliment pour optimiser les propriétés d'extrusion des matrices. Cet aliment fonctionnel, à base de protéines et de mucilage de graines de lin, permettra de lubrifier la cavité buccale et donc, de réduire les douleurs et les risques de fausses routes lors de la mastication et de l'ingestion par des personnes souffrant de xérostomie, d'hyposialie et de dysphagie ;4) Le couplage de la conception d'un nouvel aliment fonctionnel et d'un procédé de rupture tel que l'impression 3D peut engendrer un phénomène de néophobie, voire de rejet, de la part des consommateurs. La quatrième partie de ce travail s'est attachée à initier une approche sociologique visant à évaluer l'acceptabilité sociale de ce nouveau procédé, sur la base de nouvelles collaborations entre les Sciences du Vivant et les Sciences Humaines & Sociales.Les prochains travaux vont consister déterminer le mode de post-traitement le plus adapté au respect des propriétés de l'aliment, à en caractériser les propriétés nutritionnelles et, à définir et à appliquer les méthodes nécessaires pour assurer les qualités sanitaires et organoleptiques des aliments fonctionnels
This thesis is part of a rapidly changing of worldwide demographic context. Indeed, nutritional solutions need to be developed to offset the ageing of the population, one of the consequences of which is the growing number of people with masticatory deficiencies. The texturing of foods, rich in proteins of good nutritional quality, is essential for good mastication and optimal assimilation of nutrients, but also for the act and pleasure of eating.3D food printing is one of the possible research ways for designing new functional foods for frail people. To meet current societal challenges, these foods need to be healthy, personalized and socially acceptable. To meet these ambitious specifications, a four-stage approach was used in this thesis work:1) The development of a 3D printer perfectly suited to the use of meat matrices. By controlling the printing parameters, we can now avoid the use of texturizing agents, enabling us to design foods with simpler and more natural formulations;2) In order to potentiate the structure of printed foods and extend the range of possible textures, the glycation reaction was studied and applied to a gelatin-based model medium. This raw material revealed all its complexity when the reaction was implemented, necessitating a study to elucidate the mechanisms involved. It was shown that the initial water content and Bloom index of the gelatin, by significantly influencing the secondary structure of the gelatin, strongly conditioned the fate of the glycation reaction;3) People with masticatory deficiencies may also suffer from salivary deficiencies. This third part of the thesis therefore involved studying the rheological properties of matrices rich in animal proteins, as well as how to incorporate a natural saliva substitute directly into the food in order to optimize the extrusion properties of the matrices. This functional food, based on flax protein and mucilage, will lubricate the oral cavity, reducing pain and the risk of wrong way during chewing and swallowing in people suffering from xerostomia, hyposialia and dysphagia;4) Coupling the design of a new functional food with a disruptive process such as 3D printing can lead to neophobia, or even rejection, on the part of consumers. The fourth part of this work aims to initiate a sociological approach designed to assess the social acceptability of this new process, drawing on new collaborations between the Life Sciences and the Human and Social Sciences.Future work will focus on determining the post-processing method best suited to respecting the food's properties, characterizing its nutritional properties, and defining and applying the methods needed to guarantee the sanitary and organoleptic qualities of functional foods

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36

Warrand, Jérôme. "Etude structurale et propriétés en solution des polysaccharides constitutifs du mucilage de lin (Linum Usitatissimum L. )." Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0420.

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37

Voiniciuc, Catalin Verfasser], Björn [Akademischer Betreuer] [Usadel, and Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Pauly. "Mucilage-related genes facilitate the biosynthesis of cell wall polysaccharides / Catalin Voiniciuc ; Björn Usadel, Markus Pauly." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1130590232/34.

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38

Rosa, Vanessa Corrêa da. "Diatomáceas epífitas da Lagoa Pequena, Pelotas, RS, Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FURG, 2013. http://repositorio.furg.br/handle/1/6034.

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Este estudo teve o objetivo de conhecer a comunidade de diatomáceas epífitas nas macrófitas (Acrostichum danaefolium Langst. & Fisch, Schoenoplectus californicus (C.A. Mey) Soják, Myriophylum aquaticum (Vell) Verdc e Cabomba caroliniana A. Gray) em diferentes amostragens na Lagoa Pequena que compreende os ambientes (Arroio Pseudônimo, Praia da Lagoa Pequena, Entrada da Lagoa Pequena e Feitoria), de maio de 2011 a janeiro de 2012, totalizando 79 amostras coletadas. As amostras foram fixadas com formalina a 4%. Para estudo das formas de crescimento, em cada ponto foi coletada uma amostra (não fixada) para observação das diatomáceas. No ambiente foram medidas as variáveis físicas (temperatura, profundidade, transparência da água e vazão) e químicas (pH, condutividade elétrica, fósforo e nitrogênio). A flora em A. danaeifolium apresentou 157 spp, dentre os quais 26% de água doce, 50% estuarinos e 14% marinhos. Nitzschia apresentou maior diversidade (riqueza de espécies). Vinte e três espécies foram registradas pela primeira vez para o Rio Grande do Sul. Ocorreram diferentes formas de crescimento que formaram as guildas ecológicas de baixo perfil (formas adnatas), alto perfil (formas eretas, formadoras de cadeias, tubos, e pedúnculos de mucilagem) e guilda móvel (espécies móveis). Em S. californicus ocorreram 129 táxons distribuídos em 55 gêneros, e Nitzschia apresentou também maior número (25) de espécies. Em C. caroliniana ocorreram 38 táxons e formas de crescimento adnata, ereta, pedúnculo, cadeia tubo e móvel) e em M. aquaticum ocorreram 54 táxons e formas de crescimento adnata, pedúnculo, ereta, cadeia e tubo. Em ambas macrófitas foi encontrada guilda de alto perfil. A presença de diferentes formas de crescimento e guilda de alto perfil em todos locais estudados mostrou a complexidade da comunidade. A temperatura da água variou de 10-28,5º C, a profundidade 0,26-1,29 m, a transparência 0,20-0,76 m, a vazão 9,4-42,12 m³/s, o pH 7,0-8,8, a condutividade elétrica 0,62-16,96 mS.cm‾¹, o fósforo orgânico total 0,03-0,37 mg.L-1 , e o nitrogênio orgânico total entre 0,29 e 1,20 mg.L-1 . A maior temperatura e o baixo nível da água influenciaram a composição da guilda de alto perfil, que prevaleceu durante todo período. O maior valor de condutividade (verão) permitiu a presença de espécies marinhas no Arroio Pseudônimo e Feitoria. O Arroio Pseudônimo teve maior riqueza de espécies provavelmente por ser mais protegido, do que os outros locais. Em menor temperatura (10º C) e condutividade (0,65 mS.cm‾¹) também se observou a formação de tubos de mucilagem e a guilda de alto perfil no Arroio Pseudônimo. Espécies dulcícolas (Nitzschia spiculoides Hustedt, N. subacicularis Hustedt, N. fonticola var. pelagica Hustedt e S. martyi Hèribaud-Joseph) e marinha (C. peltoides Hustedt) foram tolerantes as variações de condutividade na Lagoa Pequena. A morfologia das macrófitas aquáticas influenciou a comunidade de diatomáceas que apresentou maior riqueza de espécies e gêneros em macrófitas de arquitetura complexa (C. caroliniana e M. aquaticum).
The study aimed know the diatom community epiphytic on macrophytes (Acrostichum danaefolium Langst. & Fisch, Schoenoplectus californicus (C.A. Mey) Soják, Myriophylum aquaticum (Vell) Verdc and Cabomba caroliniana A. Gray) at different samplings in Lagoa Pequena comprising enviroments (Arroio Pseudônimo, Lagoa Pequena beach, Lagoa Pequena entrance and Feitoria) from may 2011 to january 2012, totalizing 79 samples collected. All samples were fixed with 4% formalin. In order to study the crecimento forms, in each point was collected a sample (unfixed) for observation of diatoms. In the environment were measured physical variables (temperature, depth, water transparency and flow) and chemical (pH, electrical conductivity, phosphorus and nitrogen). The flora in A. danaeifolium presented 157 spp, among them 26% freshwater, 50% estuarine and 14% marine and Nitzschia presented the highest diversity (species richness). Twenty-three species were recorded for the first time to Rio Grande do Sul. There were different forms growth that formed guilds ecological of low profile (forms adnate), high profile (forms erect, chains, tube, and stalked of mucilage) and guild mobile (species mobile). In S. californicus occurred 129 taxa distributed in 55 genera and Nitzschia presented also the greatest number (25) of species. In C. caroliniana occurred 38 taxa and forms growth adnate, erect, stalked, chain, tube and mobile) and in M. aquaticum occurred 54 species and forms of growth adnate, stalked, erect, chain and tube. In both macrophytes were found guild of high profile. The presence of distinct growth forms and guild high profile in all study sites showing the complexity of the community. The water temperature varied from 10-28,5º C, the depth 0,26-1,29, the transparency 0,20-0,76 m, the flow 9,4-42,12 m³/s, the pH 7,0-8,8, electrical conductivity 0,62-16,96 mS.cm‾¹, the total organic phosphorus 0,03-0,37 mg.L-1 , and the total organic nitrogen 0,29-1,20 mg.L-1 . Highest temperature and low water level influenced the composition of guild high profile, which prevailed throughout the period. Higher conductivity values (summer) allowed the presence of marine species in the Arroio Pseudônimo and Feitoria. The Arroio Pseudônimo had greater species richness probably because is more protected than the other sites. In the lowest temperature (10º C) and conductivity (0,65 mS.cm‾¹) also observed the formation of mucilage tubes and guild high profile in the Arroio Pseudônimo. Freshwater species (Nitzschia spiculoides Hustedt, N. subacicularis Hustedt, N. fonticola var. pelagica Hustedt and S. martyi Hèribaud-Joseph) and marine (C. peltoides Hustedt) were tolerant to conductivity variations in Lagoa Pequena. The morphology of aquatic macrophytes influenced the diatom community that presented highest richness of species and genera in macrophytes of complex architecture (C. caroliniana and M. aquaticum).

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Leon, Jose Adan. "Opuntia ficus-indica Mucilage Potential to Remove Nuclear Active Contaminants From Water Based on a Surrogate Approach." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5253.

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Potable water is a necessity and unfortunately, it can be contaminated in many different ways. This paper specifically addresses the case scenario when, water has been contaminated by radionuclides. The mucilage of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI), has been proven to be a great flocculating agent, turbidity reducer, crude oil dispersant and an environmentally friendly substance as an absorbent of water contaminants. In this work, the OFI mucilage was investigate to evaluate its capacity to separate radioactive ions from water. The surrogate approach is modeled based on water studies performed by Willi A. Brand, who proved that radioactive isotopes behave similar to their stable isotope, which can be easily experimented on without running the risk being exposed to radioactive harm. The surrogate model was used in conjunction with a trial and error method to determine optimum removal of Iodine and Cesium. A wide range of OFI concentrations and pH values were tested, which allowed for the determination of the optimal conditions for which cactus mucilage can remove the desired elements. The cactus mucilage is acidic by nature and experiments were performed to determine if its performance is affected by the changes in pH. This work is one of its kind in which a natural material can be used to remove potentially harmful radioactive ions from water.

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40

Goulart, Fernanda Rodrigues. "Potencial prebiótico de diferentes concentrados de fibra alimentar na dieta de juvenis de jundiá (Rhamdia quelen)." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2015. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4364.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The traditional use of antibiotics in aquaculture as growth promoters has been limited due to the negative effects caused by these drugs. As an alternative to the use of these drugs has been sought manipulation of the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract of aquatic animals through the use of oligosaccharides and dietary fibers with prebiotic potential. Thus, this study aimed to apply different methodologies to obtain Dietary Fiber Concentrates (DFC) = mucilage (MG); pectin (PN) and β-glucan + manan (βG + M) and evaluate the prebiotic potential of these supplements in the diet of juvenile jundiá (Rhamdia quelen). The determination of the nutritional composition of the ingredients revealed that the predominant component in all DFCs were dietary fiber and insoluble fiber. The DFC that had higher extraction yield was βG + M (19.81 ± 8.54%), followed by pectin (14.54% ± 2.72), and mucilage (7.18 ± 1.54%). The composition of mucilage and pectin had a greater diversity of monosaccharides, since the βG+M consisted primarily of mannose (74.5%) and glucose (24.3%). The supplementation of DFC in jundiás diet was assessed for eight weeks through study of growth, body nutrient deposition, digestive enzymes, biochemical and metabolic parameters, responses to stress and immune and intestinal morphology. The jundiás supplemented with DFCs achieved higher growth than the control group and similar to animals supplemented with 5 g kg-1 commercial prebiotic (CP 5). Most somatic parameters and whole fish proximate composition were influenced by supplementation of DFCs. The supplementation of pectin promoted lower activity of digestive enzymes in relation the control group. The animals supplemented with DFC obtained positive changes in biochemical parameters. Furthermore, jundiás showed no response to application of the stressor, maintaining basal cortisol levels. The fish supplemented with DFCs had higher hepatic glycogen stores in relation the control group. Moreover, supplementation with DFCs increased the height of intestinal villi of jundiá. However, these values were lower for the animals of the group PC 5. For thickness of the epithelium this variable was higher in the control group compared to animals supplemented with β-glucan+Manana.
O uso tradicional de antibióticos na aquicultura como promotores de crescimento tem sido limitado em função dos efeitos negativos promovidos por estes medicamentos. Como alternativa ao uso destas drogas, tem se buscado a manipulação da microbiota do trato gastrointestinal dos animais aquáticos através da utilização de oligossacarídeos e de fibras alimentares com potencial prebiótico. Neste sentido, este estudo teve como objetivo aplicar metodologias para obtenção de diferentes Concentrados de Fibras Alimentares (CFAs) = Mucilagem (MG); Pectina (PN) e β-Glicana+Mananas (βG+M) e avaliar o potencial prebiótico destes suplementos na dieta de juvenis de jundiá (Rhamdia quelen). A determinação da composição nutricional dos ingredientes revelou que os componentes predominantes em todos os CFAs obtidos foram fibra alimentar total e fibra insolúvel. O CFA que apresentou maior rentabilidade de extração foi a βG+M (19,81%±8,54), seguida da Pectina (14,54%±2,72) e Mucilagem (7,18%±1,54). A composição da Mucilagem e Pectina obtiveram maior diversidade de monossacarídeos, já a βG+M consistiu basicamente de manose (74,5%) e glicose (24,3%). A suplementação dos CFAs na dieta de jundiás foi avaliada durante oito semanas, através de estudo de crescimento, deposição corporal de nutrientes, enzimas digestivas, parâmetros bioquímicos e metabólicos, resposta ao estresse e imunológica e morfometria intestinal. Os jundiás suplementados com os CFAs obtiveram crescimento superior em relação ao grupo controle e similar aos animais suplementados com 5 g kg-1 de prebiótico comercial (PC 5). A maioria dos parâmetros somáticos e de composição centesimal de peixe inteiro foram influenciados pela suplementação dos CFAs. A suplementação de Pectina promoveu menor atividade das enzimas digestivas em relação ao grupo controle. Os animais suplementados com os CFAs obtiveram alterações positivas nos parâmetros bioquímicos avaliados. Além disso, os jundiás não mostraram resposta à aplicação do agente estressor, mantendo os níveis de cortisol basal. Os peixes suplementados com os CFAs obtiveram maiores estoques de glicogênio hepático em relação ao grupo controle. Além do mais, a suplementação com os CFAs promoveu aumento na altura de vilos intestinais dos jundiás. Porém, estes valores foram menores em relação aos animais do grupo PC 5. Para espessura do epitélio (EE) esta variável foi maior no grupo Controle comparado aos animais suplementados com β- glicana + Manana.

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Arcaro, Guilherme. "Mucilagem de Ocotea puberula (Rich.) NEES.: desenvolvimento de um fitomedicamento e testes “in vivo” para cicatrização de feridas." Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 2018. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2606.

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Os objetivos dessa pesquisa foram desenvolver e avaliar fitomedicamentos para cicatrização de feridas contendo mucilagem de Ocoteapuberula (Rich) Nees. Materiais e métodos:a coleta e preparação das cascas foi realizada em espécies nativas da região dos Campos Gerais de Ponta Grossa PR, Brasil; sendo a mesma submetida a uma técnica hidroalcoólica para extração da mucilagem, através de técnicas distintas pela aplicação ou não de calor até 60°C. As amostras liofilizadas do extrato hidroalcoólico da Ocoteapuberula (EHOP) foram analisadas através de técnicas de DTG/TG, FTIR para análise dos extratos nas diferentes extrações, assim como quantificação de rendimento de extração do EHOP. Posteriormente foram formuladas membranas semipermeáveis de carboximetilcelulose (CMC)e acetato de polivinila (PVA) impregnadas com 10% de EHOP. Concomitante, foi realizado análise reológica e FTIR das membranas. As membranas de CMCe PVA puras e incorporadas com EHOP foram testadas em ratos através da aplicação em uma lesão no dorso do animal. Como controle positivo foi utilizado o curativo Megisorbr e negativo a água destilada. As lesões foram avaliadas quanto ao índice de retração da lesão, análise histológica das feridas quanto a inflamação, angiogênese e colagênese e análise laboratorial de amostra sanguínea dos animais quanto a toxicidade hepática ou renal. Resultados:a extração através do aquecimento a 60°C proporcionou melhor rendimento associado a maior concentração de compostos alcalóides, com similaridade em FTIR da extração sem emprego de calor e a análise reológica demonstrou potencial em absorção de forças de stress sem sofrer deformação. Os espectros de FTIR das membranas de CMC e PVA sugeriram melhor estabilidade do EHOP em PVA. As análises histológicas permitiram visualizar potencial cicatrizante aos grupos CMC/EHOP e o EHOP, sem toxicidade hepática ou renal em ambos os grupos, sugerindo assim um potencial fitoterápico na aplicação de EHOP em feridas.
The objectives of this research were to develop and evaluate one phytomedications for wound healing containing mucilage of Ocoteapuberula (Rich) Nees. Materials and method:The collection and preparation of the bark was carried out in native species of the “Campos Gerais” region of Ponta Grossa PR, Brazil, and it was submitted to a hydroalcoholic technique for extracting the mucilage, using different techniques for the application or not of heat up to 60 ° C. The lyophilized samples from the Ocoteapuberulahydroalcoholic extract (OPHE) were analyzed by DTG / TG, FTIR techniques for analysis of the extracts in the different extractions, as well as quantification of extraction yield of EHOP. Subsequently, semipermeable membranes of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and polyvinyl acetate (PVA) impregnated with 10% OPHE were formulated. At the same time, the rheological and FTIR analysis of the membranes was performed. Pure CMC and PVA membranes incorporated with OPHEwere tested in rats by application to a lesion on the animal's back. As a positive control the Megisorb dressing was used and negative the distilled water. The lesions were evaluated for lesion retraction index, histological analysis of wounds for inflammation, angiogenesis and collagenesis, and laboratory analysis of blood samples from animals for hepatic or renal toxicity. Results: Extraction through heating at 60 ° C provided a better yield associated with a higher concentration of alkaloid compounds, with FTIR similarity of the extraction without use of heat, and rheological analysis showed a potential for the absorption of stress forces without deformation. The FTIR spectra of CMC and PVA membranes suggested improved stability of EHOP in PVA. Histological analyzes allowed visualizing healing potential for the CMC / EHOP and EHOP groups, without hepatic or renal toxicity in both groups, thus suggesting a phytotherapeutic potential in the application of EHOP in wounds.

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Nunes, Joseli Viviane Ditzel. "Adequação de metodologias para avaliação da qualidade fisiológica de sementes de chia (Salvia hispanica L.)." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2017. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3001.

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Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is an oleaginous plant from Mexico, which was cropped and consumed by the Maya and Aztec peoples since ancient times in order to provide energy, strength and vitality. This seed is a natural source of omega-3, omega-6, fiber, protein, vitamins, as well as other important nutritional components. It helps on preventing cardiovascular diseases, nervous and inflammatory diseases, and diabetes, among others. Its physiological quality is an essential parameter for significant yield of grains and seeds since the demand for chia has increased every year. Thus, this study aimed at adapting methodologies to evaluate seeds physiological quality, checking which tests are more efficient to determine seeds vigor, evaluating mucilage production and if vigor can influence on its produced amount. Thus, seeds were submitted to determine purity, mass of 100 seeds, moisture content, variations on tests such as germination, seedling growth, emergence in sand, accelerated aging, cold test without soil, electrical conductivity, water uptake curve and mucilage extraction. After determining the best methodology for each test, each one of them was carried out for seeds cropped during two cropping years (2013/2014, 2014/2015). Mucilage variation was also evaluated according to these seeds vigor. A completely randomized experimental design was carried out in double and triple factorials, according to the tests. Under tested conditions, it was concluded that chia seeds can germinate in paper and sand substrates, in light presence or absence, under temperatures from 15 to 35 ºC, thus achieving high rates of germination percentage. Seedling length test was developed in gerbox for nine days, the emergence in sand test was obtained with 0.5 cm depth at 25-30 ºC, the accelerated aging test was under 41 ºC, for 36 hours with water and 45 ºC for 12 hours with saturated solution, and electrical conductivity test was recorded with 24 hours, 25 mL water at 25-30 ºC, and they can be used to determine chia seeds vigor. The proposed methodology was efficient to extract chia seeds mucilage and seed vigor did not interfere in the amount of mucilage produced.
A chia (Salvia hispanica L.) é uma oleaginosa de origem mexicana, cultivada e consumida pelos Maias e Astecas desde a antiguidade, por fornecer energia, força e disposição. Esta semente é uma fonte natural de ômega-3, ômega-6, fibras, proteínas, vitaminas, além de outros componentes nutricionais importantes. Auxilia na prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares, dos sistemas nervoso e inflamatório, diabetes, dentre outros. Haja vista a qualidade fisiológica ser fator imprescindível para uma produção significativa de grãos e sementes e a demanda por elas tem se mostrado expressiva a cada ano, pretende-se com este estudo adequar metodologias para avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes, verificar quais destes testes são mais expressivos para determinar o vigor das mesmas, avaliar a obtenção de mucilagem de chia, e se o vigor das sementes pode interferir na quantidade da mucilagem produzida. Assim, as sementes foram submetidas à determinação de pureza, massa de 100 sementes, grau de umidade, variações nos testes de germinação, crescimento de plântulas, emergência em areia, envelhecimento acelerado, teste de frio sem terra, condutividade elétrica, curva de absorção de água e extração da mucilagem. Após a determinação da metodologia ideal para cada teste, os mesmos foram realizados para sementes cultivadas em dois anos (2013/2014, 2014/2015). A variação da mucilagem foi também avaliada de acordo com o vigor dessas sementes. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, em esquema fatorial duplo e triplo, dependendo dos testes. Nas condições testadas, concluiu-se que sementes de chia podem ser germinadas em substratos de papel e areia, com presença ou ausência de luz, nas temperaturas de 15 a 35 ºC. Assim, foram registradas elevadas taxas de porcentagem de germinação. O teste de comprimento de plântula realizado em gerbox por nove dias, o teste de emergência em areia com 0,5 cm de profundidade a 25-30 ºC, o de envelhecimento acelerado foi conduzido a 41 ºC, por 36 horas com água e 45 ºC por 12 horas com solução saturada, e o teste de condutividade elétrica por 24 horas, com 25 mL de água a 25-30 ºC podem ser utilizados para determinar o vigor de sementes de chia. A metodologia proposta foi eficiente para a extração da mucilagem e o vigor de sementes não interferiu na quantidade de mucilagem produzida.

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Dick, Melina. "Desenvolvimento de filmes biodegradáveis a partir da semente e da mucilagem de chia (Salvia hispanica L.)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/101486.

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A utilização de polímeros naturais na produção de materiais biodegradáveis tem sido uma alternativa, uma vez que as embalagens produzidas com plásticos sintéticos se tornaram um problema ambiental por serem não-biodegradáveis. Neste trabalho, foi avaliada a capacidade filmogênica da farinha de chia (FC) e da sua mucilagem (MC), através de análises físico-químicas, mecânicas e estruturais. Os filmes comestíveis de FC foram incorporados de amido de milho (AM) em algumas formulações, sendo os mesmos elaborados na seguinte proporção de FC:AM, 1:0, 1:1 e 1:2 p/p, com 6 % p/v de sólidos totais, e com a mesma concentração de glicerol para todas as formulações testadas, 1 % p/v. Ao passo que os filmes de MC foram elaborados com 1 % p/v de MC, variando-se o nível de glicerol em 25, 50 e 75 % p/p (baseado no peso da MC). Ambos filmes biodegradáveis e comestíveis foram elaborados pela técnica de casting. Os filmes de FC apresentaram, nas diferentes formulações 1:0, 1:1 e 1:2 (FC:AM, p/p), as variações na espessura (de 0,247 a 0,194 mm), no conteúdo de umidade (de 12,23 a 7,27 %), na solubilidade (de 25,57 a 25,34 %), na permeabilidade ao vapor de água (de 0,567 a 0,293 g mm/kPa g m2), na resistência à tração (de 0,77 a 6,26 MPa), no alongamento (de 5,16 a 1,05 %), no módulo de Young (de 25,64 a 681,39 MPa), na força de perfuração (de 1,38 a 7,02 N) e na deformação na perfuração (de 1,03 a 1,42 %). Estes resultados demonstram que os filmes de FC obtiveram baixa solubilidade, baixa permeabilidade ao vapor da água, intermediária resistência à tração e baixo alongamento. Já os filmes de MC apresentaram, nas seguintes formulações CM25, CM50 e CM75, as variações na espessura (de 0,054 a 0,060 mm), no conteúdo de umidade (de 18,18 a 41,88 %), na solubilidade (de 52.74 a 84.50 %), na permeabilidade ao vapor de água (de 0,131 a 0,442 g mm/kPa g m2), na resistência à tração (de 17,75 a 9,44 MPa), no alongamento (de 1,93 a 15,89 %) e no módulo de Young (de 778,40 a 105,15 MPa). Estes resultados demonstram que a quantidade de glicerol nos filmes de MC interferiu significativamente em todos os atributos avaliados (p < 0,05). A medida que a concentração de glicerol aumentou, a permeabilidade ao vapor da água, o alongamento e a solubilidade do filme aumentaram, em contrapartida, a resistência à tração e o módulo de Young diminuíram. Além disso, os filmes de MC apresentaram baixa permeabilidade ao vapor da água, alta a intermediária resistência à tração e intermediário alongamento. Em relação à cor, os filmes de FC apresentaram coloração escura, a qual ficou mais clara à medida que se adicionou mais AM, além disso, apresentaram baixa a intermediária transparência. Já os filmes de MC, apresentaram cor levemente amarela-avermelhada, mas ainda transparente na aparência. Ambos filmes apresentaram excelente absorção da radiação ultravioleta, o que indica que os mesmos podem ter a capacidade de proteger os alimentos que sejam futuramente embalados pelos mesmos. Diante do exposto, o estudo demonstrou que, em geral, os filmes elaborados com a matéria-prima semente de chia (farinha e mucilagem) são promissores para serem utilizadas na produção de filmes comestíveis com especificações interessantes.
The use of natural polymers for the production of biodegradable materials has been an alternative, since packaging made with synthetic plastics have become an environmental problem due to they are non-biodegradable. In this study, it was evaluated the filmogenic capacity of chia flour (CF) and its mucilage (CM), through physicochemical, mechanical, and structural analysis. Corn starch (CS) was incorporated to some CF edible films, and were prepared in the following proportion of CF:CS, 1:0, 1:1 and 1:2 w/w, 6 % w/v of total solids, and the same glycerol concentration for all tested formulations, 1 % w/v. Whereas the CM films were prepared using 1 % w/v of CM, varying the level of glycerol in 25, 50 and 75 % w/w (based on CM weight). Both edible films were prepared by casting technique. The CF films presented, in the different formulations 1:0, 1:1 and 1:2 (CF: C:S, w/w), the variations in thickness (from 0.247 to 0.194 mm), in moisture content (from 12.23 to 7.27 %), in solubility (from 25.57 to 25.43 %), in water vapor permeability (from 0.567 to 0.293 g mm/kPa g m2), in tensile strength (from 0.77 to 6.26 MPa), in elongation at break (5.16 to 1.05 %), in Young's modulus (from 25.64 to 681.39 MPa), in puncture strength (from 1.38 to 7.02 N), and in puncture deformation (from 1.03 to 1.42 %). These results demonstrate that CF films showed low solubility, low water vapor permeability, intermediate tensile strength and low elongation at break. While the CM films presented, in the following formulations CM25, CM50 and CM75, variations in thickness (from 0.054 to 0.060 mm), in moisture content (18.18 to 41.88 %), in solubility (from 52.74 to 84.50 %), in water vapor permeability (0.131 to 0.442 g mm/kPa g m2), in tensile strength (17.75 to 9.44 MPa), in elongation at break (from 1.93 to 15.89 %) and in Young’s modulus (from 778.40 to 105.15 MPa). These results demonstrate that the amount of glycerol in the CM films caused significant differences in all tested attributes (p < 0.05). As glycerol concentration increased, water vapor permeability, elongation at break and solubility of CM films increased, whilst, tensile strength and Young's modulus decreased. Moreover, the CM films showed low water vapor permeability, high to intermediate tensile strength and intermediate elongation. Regarding the color, the CF films presented dark coloration, which became clearer as more CS was added, in addition, had low to intermediate transparency. While CM films presented slightly yellow-reddish color, but still transparent in appearance. Both films had excellent absorption of ultraviolet radiation, indicating that these films may have the ability to protect the foods that will be packed by them hereafter. This study revealed that, in general, the films produced with chia seed raw material (flour and mucilage) are promising for use in the production of edible films with interesting specifications.

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Buttice, Audrey Lynn. "Reducing Sediment and Bacterial Contamination in Water Using Mucilage Extracted from the Opuntia ficus-indica Cactus." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002944.

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Bui, Minh. "(Leunig, Leunig Homolog) and (Seuss) are transcriptional co-repressors that regulate flower development , mucilage secretion, and pathogen resisttance." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9489.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Biology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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Lucca, Alexsandro. "Extração, caracterização e aplicação do biopolímero da planta Pereskia aculeata miller como auxiliar coagulante/floculante no processo de tratamento de água." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2328.

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CNPq
No meio da ampla biodiversidade da flora brasileira, a ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Miller) desperta especial interesse, pela alta quantidade de mucilagem em suas folhas. Plantas mucilaginosas são estudadas há algum tempo no processo de floculação/coagulação em tratamentos de água, com a intenção de, reduzir ou até mesmo suceder a utilização do sulfato de alumínio. A mucilagem é um biopolímero com grande capacidade de formar gel, soluções viscosas e estabilizar sistemas de emulsão. O presente trabalho teve como finalidade, avaliar o rendimento da mucilagem em processos de extração, caracterizar a mucilagem não clarificada, e clarificada e aplicar o biopolímero clarificado da P. aculeata, no processo de coagulação/floculação. Para tal as folhas foram secas em estufa até peso constante, foi feita a extração da mucilagem em solução aquosa por duas metodologias diferentes avaliando assim o rendimento, caracterização da morfologia por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e difratometria de raio X (DRX), composição estrutural por infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FT-IR), determinação do pH potencial de carga zero e do comportamento térmico por análise termogravimétrica (TG/DSC). Para a avaliação de coagulação e floculação, o biopolímero foi avaliado em água do Rio Pato Branco por ensaios em Jar Test avaliando a eficiência da remoção de turbidez, remoção de substâncias húmicas, e aromáticas. A extração da mucilagem foi avaliada no rendimento da produção, em que a extração a 95 ºC (30 min) apresentou rendimento três vezes maior que a extração a 60 ºC (6 horas). A caracterização morfológica exibiu uma estrutura amorfa, esponjosa e com adesão de partículas menores à superfície das partículas maiores, indicando um material higroscópico que pode ser usado como coagulante, sendo semelhante a outras mucilagens pesquisadas, em aspectos de grupos funcionais e de comportamento térmico. A P. aculeata se confirmou como auxiliar no processo de coagulação/floculação em relação aos parâmetros e faixas estudadas, sendo mais eficaz em conjunto com o sulfato de alumínio. Como é uma planta de fácil cultivo, atóxica e com custo relativamente baixo para a extração do seu biopolímero é uma alternativa promissora no tratamento de água e efluentes diminuindo a utilização do sulfato de alumínio no processo de floculação/coagulação.
In the midst of the wide biodiversity of Brazilian flora, the ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Miller) arouses special interest because of the high amount of mucilage in its leaves. Mucilage plants have been studied for some time in the flocculation / coagulation process in water treatments, with the intention of reducing or even succeeding the use of aluminum sulphate. Mucilage is a biopolymer with great gelforming, viscous solutions and stabilizing emulsion systems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the yield of the mucilage in extraction processes, to characterize the clarified and clarified mucilage and to apply the clarified biopolymer of P. aculeata in the coagulation / flocculation process. For this, the leaves were oven dried to constant weight, the mucilage was extracted in aqueous solution by two different methodologies, evaluating the yield, characterization of the morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) (FT-IR), determination of potential zero charge pH and thermal behavior by thermogravimetric analysis (TG / DSC). For the evaluation of coagulation and flocculation, the biopolymer was evaluated in water of the Pato Branco River by tests in Jar Test evaluating the efficiency of the removal of turbidity, removal of humic and aromatic substances. The extraction of the mucilage was evaluated in the yield of the production, in which the extraction at 95 ºC (30 min) yielded a three times higher yield than the extraction at 60 ºC (6 hours). The morphological characterization showed an amorphous structure, spongy and with adhesion of smaller particles to the surface of larger particles, indicating a hygroscopic material that can be used as a coagulant, being similar to other mucilages studied, in aspects of functional groups and thermal behavior. P. aculeata was confirmed as an aid in the coagulation / flocculation process in relation to the parameters and ranges studied, being more effective in conjunction with aluminum sulphate. As it is an easy-to-grow, non-toxic plant with relatively low cost for the extraction of its biopolymer, it is a promising alternative in the treatment of water and effluents by reducing the use of aluminum sulphate in the flocculation / coagulation process.

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Guilloux, Karine. "Production et caractérisation d’oligosaccharides d’arabinoxylanes issus de mucilage de lin (Linum usitatissimum L. ) et détermination de leurs activités biologiques." Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0100.

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Ces travaux de thèse ont porté sur l’extraction et le développement d’une fraction oligosaccharidique (arabinoxylanes) à activité biologique, extraite du lin (Linum usitatissimum L. ). La graine de lin dispose d’une partie mucilagineuse riche en polysaccharides neutres très ramifiés (75 % d’arabinoxylanes) et en polysaccharides acides (25 % de pectines). Dans un premier temps, les travaux ont porté sur la dépolymérisation thermique en milieu acide modéré de mucilage de tourteau de lin, mettant en évidence l’inadaptation des procédés employés pour dépolymériser et purifier les fractions obtenues. Un taux élevé de protéines dans ce mucilage nous a également amené à travailler sur du mucilage extrait directement de graines de lin. Une nouvelle méthode d’extraction des arabinoxylanes a été mise en place qui repose sur un traitement enzymatique permettant l’élimination des substances pectiques. Diverses dépolymérisations ont ensuite été entreprises : enzymatique, thermique en milieu acide modéré, radicalaire et par ultrasons. Après une étude des masses molaires et des compositions saccharidiques, la dépolymérisation radicalaire s’est révélée être la méthode de dépolymérisation la plus adaptée à nos polysaccharides. Dans un second temps, l’activité biologique des hydrolysats saccharidiques a été évaluée, dans l’optique d’une utilisation en tant qu’additif alimentaire ou cosmétique. Les tests antimicrobiens n’ont pas montré d’activité très significative exceptés sur une bactérie (Staphylococcus aureus). Une étude préliminaire de l’activité prébiotique a également été engagée
This work of thesis focused on extraction and development of an oligosaccharide fraction (arabinoxylans) presenting biological activity, extracted from flax (Linum usitatissimum L. ). Flaxseed has a mucilaginous fraction composed for a large part of neutral ramified polysaccharides (75% of arabinoxylan) and acidic polysaccharides (25 % of pectin-like). In the first place, work focused on the thermic hydrolysis in mild acid of mucilage of flaxseed meal, showing the inadequacy of methods used to depolymerize and to purify the fractions. High level of proteins in the mucilage implied to work with mucilage directly extracted from flaxseed. A new method for arabinoxylans extraction has been set up which is based on an enzymatic treatment followed by ultrafiltration, removing pectin. Many processes of depolymerization were evaluated: enzymatic, radical and by ultrasonication. Molars masses and saccharidics compositions have brought to the fore the most suitable method to depolymerize these polysaccharides: the radical depolymerization. In the next place, the saccharidic hydrolysates biological activity was evaluated for a use as food additive or cosmetic. Tests showed no antimicrobial activity except for one bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus). A preliminary study about the prebiotic activity was open

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Kadivar, Mahdi. "Studies on integrated processes for the recovery of mucilage, hull, oil and protein from solin (low linolenic acid flax)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ63883.pdf.

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Koroney, Abdoul Salam. "Caractérisation des cellules bordantes et du mucilage chez la pomme de terre (Solanum tuberosum) : rôle dans la défense racinaire ?" Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUES059.

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La pomme de terre (Solanum tuberosum) représente la principale denrée alimentaire non céréalière et a été déclarée comme « aliment du futur » en 2008 par la FAO. De nos jours, la production mondiale de la pomme de terre a atteint 374 million de tonnes (FAO). Cependant la pomme de terre est sensible à de nombreuses maladies racinaires comme la maladie de la jambe noire causée par Erwinia carotovora subsp. Atroseptica (Latour et al. , 2008). A ce jour, il n'existe aucun traitement chimique ou biologique efficace pour lutter contre ces pathogènes telluriques. Ainsi, une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes physiologiques, cellulaires et moléculaires impliqués dans les interactions racines/pathogènes s'avère nécessaire pour proposer de nouvelles stratégies de défense contre ces pathogènes. Cependant, la réponse immunitaire au niveau de la racine reste très peu étudiée. Or, il a été démontré que les cellules bordantes (BC) de racines et les exsudats racinaires jouent un rôle clé dans la défense racinaire. Les BC sont des cellules qui dérivent de la coiffe racinaire et qui sont libérées dans la rhizosphère à l'interface sol/microorganismes suggérant un rôle dans la défense racinaire. L'objectif de ces travaux de thèse est de caractériser le système racinaire de la pomme de terre en se focalisant sur les BC et les exsudats racinaires. Nous avons ainsi caractérisé pour la première fois les BC de pomme de terre. Ces dernières se présentent comme des BC classiques se détachant individuellement de la racine (Cannesan et al. , 2012). Nous avons également montré que les BC de pomme de terre sont capables de percevoir un éliciteur et de développer une réponse immunitaire spécifique. Par ailleurs, les BC de pomme de terre sont enrobées dans un important mucilage dont la composition polysaccharidique a été déterminée. Nous avons ainsi montré que ces exsudats sont riches en glycoprotéines de type arabinogalactanes protéines (AGP) et extensines. Suite à ces résultats, nous avons initié une analyse fonctionnelle des exsudats racinaires de pomme de terre sur le développement de la bactérie Pectobacterium atrosepticum, ainsi qu'une analyse bioinformatique de l'ensemble des HRGPs (Hyprodroxyprolines-rich glycoprotéines) de la pomme de terre. Ce dernier objectif a nécessité la mise en place d'un outil bioinformatique basé sur l'utilisation du logiciel R (R Development Core Team).

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Azémar-Lorentz, Stéphanie. "Étude des interactions plante-champignon au niveau des apex des ectomycorhizes formées par Eucalyptus Globulus ssp bicostata et Pisolithus tinctorius : rôle des tanins et du mucilage dans l'établissement de la symbiose." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN10310.

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L’étude des interactions plante - champignon au niveau des apex des mycorhizes formées entre Eucalyptus Globulus et Pisolithus tinctorius montre que le champignon influence le processus de différenciation des cellules de la coiffe. Il induit une simplification des tissus de l'apex radiculaire ainsi qu'une perte des fonctions de graviperception et de sécrétion du mucilage. L’autoradiographie établit que les acides aminés tritiés fournis au champignon sont transférés à la plante et accumulés au niveau des méristèmes apicaux radiculaires. Le champignon n'édifie pas un véritable manteau au niveau de la coiffe mais un feutrage mycélien lâche. La caractérisation biochimique du mucilage d'Eucalyptus Globulus établit que le polysaccharide est très riche en glucose, arabinose et galactose avec des traces de fucose. Pisolithus tinctorius présente la capacité de croitre sur un milieu supplémenté en mucilage et de transférer à son hôte des composés marqués au 14C issus de la dégradation de mucilage purifie radioactif. Ces composés sont fortement accumulés par le bourgeon terminal des plantules. L’étude de la composition en sucres solubles des partenaires obtenus en culture pure ou associés montre que le champignon accumule préférentiellement de l'arabitol et du mannitol, l'arabitol demeurant le sucre majoritaire des mycorhizes. La mycorhize concentre les sucres issus du végétal. L’établissement de la relation symbiotique induit une accumulation non spécifique de tanins condenses et hydrolysables dans la plante entière. Au niveau radiculaire, les tissus accumulant des tanins sont l'endoderme, l'hypoderme, le rhizoderme et la coiffe. Les hyphes fongiques en culture pure produisent également des tanins mais ces composés ne semblent pas être responsables des différences de colorations observées chez les colonies fongiques.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mucilage'

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