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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mucous Membrane, drug effects'

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1

Sajadi, Tabassi Sayyed Abolghasem. "Some effects of mercaptans on membranes and mucus." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243647.

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2

Yip, Aaron. "Effects of Angelica sinensis extract on mucus synthesis and cell proliferation of the stomach." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22227234.

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3

Paulsson, Mattias. "Controlled Release Gel Formulations for Mucosal Drug Delivery." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2001. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5173-X/.

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4

葉衍葳 and Aaron Yip. "Effects of Angelica sinensis extract on mucus synthesis and cell proliferation of the stomach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31969884.

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5

Julian, Thomas Nicholas. "The Effects of ultrasound on drug permeation through membrane barriers /." Ann Arbor, Mich. : Univ. Microfilms Intern, 1985. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/016438418.pdf.

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6

Mathers, Alicia R. "The effects of the route of viral infection on the balance of T helper immune responses." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3825.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2005
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 155 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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7

Ziegler, Hanne Lindvig. "Antiplasmodial activity of natural products : effect of incorporation into erythrocyte membrane /." Cph. : Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 2002. http://www.dfh.dk/phd/defences/hanneziegler.htm.

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8

Dricu, Anica. "Role of dolichyl phosphate, N-linked glycosylation and cell membrane expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor in maintenance of malignant cell growth /." Stockholm, 1997. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1997/91-628-2751-0.

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9

Engvall, Caroline. "Drug Partitioning into Natural and Artificial Membranes : Data Applicable in Predictions of Drug Absorption." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5752.

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10

FRANCA, CYNTHIA M. "Avaliação in vivo dos efeitos preventivo e terapeutico do laser em baixa intensidade em mucosite bucal induzida por quimioterápico em hamsters." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2005. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11390.

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Dissertacao (Mestrado Profissionalizante em Lasers em Odontologia)
IPEN/D-MPLO
Intituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP; Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo
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11

Zhu, Weiwei. "Effects of Membrane Lateral Organization on the Anticancer Activity of Liposomal CA4P against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/87353.

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Biochemistry
M.S.
The goal of this research is to study how the cholesterol content in liposomal formulations affects the anticancer activity (e.g., cell growth suppression) of combretastatin A4 phosphate (CA4P). CA4P is a powerful antivascular agent currently under clinical trials for treating solid tumors. Liposomal CA4P has several advantages over free CA4P, including the reduced toxicities and the increased overall drug efficacy. In this thesis work, I have demonstrated that the proliferation of breast cancer MCF-7 cells varies with the cholesterol mole fraction in the formulation of liposomal CA4P in a biphasic manner, displaying a local minimum at the critical sterol mole fractions (Cr) for maximal superlattice formation. Cell proliferation was monitored using a fluorescence-based assay. Since cholesterol content determines membrane lateral organization, my results imply that membrane lateral organization plays an important role in regulating the anti-cancer activity of liposomal CA4P. This finding provides a new concept in the rational design of liposomal anti-cancer drugs. More than 20 anticancer drug formulations are in the market or under clinical trials. Most of them include cholesterol as a major component. My present study indicates that cholesterol is not just serving as a vesicle stabilizing agent, but also modulates the activity of liposomal drugs. The principle learned from CA4P can be extended to other liposomal anti-cancer drugs. This study is also significant from the membrane biophysics point of view. The data provide additional support for the sterol superlattice model and illustrate that the concept of sterol superlattice can be applied to biotechnology development.
Temple University--Theses
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12

Dobay, Maria Pamela [Verfasser], and Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] Rädler. "Dynamics of stochastic membrane rupture events : effects on drug delivery and gene expression / Maria Pamela Dobay. Betreuer: Joachim Rädler." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1032482516/34.

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13

Langham, Jennifer. "Effects of aspirin and its derivatives in combination with electroporation for drug delivery in cultured cells." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000614.

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14

Le, Nen Davey Sterenn. "The effect of α-tocopherol on the membrane dipole potential." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3204.

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α-Tocopherol has a well known antioxidant action but is also considered likely to exert significant non-antioxidant effects in cell membranes. Due to its lipophilic nature α-tocopherol inserts into biological membranes where it influences the organisation of the component lipids and may therefore influence biophysical parameters including the membrane dipole potential. The dipole potential has been demonstrated to modulate the function of several membrane associated proteins and perturbation of this physical parameter by α-tocopherol may prove to be a significant non-antioxidant mechanism underlying several of its cellular effects. This study investigates the influence of α-tocopherol, and the non-antioxidant structural analogue α-tocopherol succinate, on the membrane dipole potential employing fluorescence spectroscopy techniques with the dipole potential sensitive probe Di-8-ANEPPS. Similar techniques are utilised with the surface potential sensitive probe FPE to investigate the interaction of the charged α-tocopherol succinate molecule with membranes. α-Tocopherol and α-tocopherol succinate are shown to decrease the dipole potential of egg-phosphatidylcholine vesicles and Jurkat T-lymphocyte cell membranes. This effect is placed in the context of the significant influence of membrane cholesterol oxidation on the dipole potential. 7-ketocholesterol, an oxidised form of cholesterol, significantly influences several cellular processes and is thought to mediate these effects, in part, through its physical effects on the cell membrane. These include altering the composition, and therefore biophysical properties, of rafts; structures which are considered to support the function of a host of membrane proteins. This study attempts to correlate the effect of 7-ketocholesterol on the dipole potential of microdomains with the influence of the oxysterol on the function of two microdomains associated receptors: P-glycoprotein and the insulin receptor, assessed by determining the extent of ligand binding using flow fluorocytometry. α-Tocopherol has been suggested to inhibit the raft-mediated effects of 7-ketocholesterol and the influence of this molecule on the effect of 7-ketocholesterol on the dipole potential are investigated as a potential mechanism for this inhibition. It is hypothesized that α-tocopherols may protect against the deleterious effects of cholesterol oxidation in cell membranes by excluding 7-ketocholesterol from specific microdomains, of which rafts are a subset, acting to preserve their dipole potential and maintain the function of the proteins they support. However, where significant cholesterol oxidation has previously occured the concurrent changes in the microdomain landscape of the membrane is suggested to prevent α-tocopherol succinate from eliciting this protective effect.
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15

Montagu, Angélique. "Composants aromatiques nano-encapsulés : une alternative face à la résistance aux antibiotiques : Démonstration des effets biologiques seuls ou nano-encapsulés de l’in vitro à l’in vivo Prevention of Bacterial Infections Using Encapsulated Phytophenolic Actives Aromatic and terpenic compounds loaded in lipidic nanocapsules: activity against multi-drug resisant Acinobacter baumannii assessed in vitro and in a murine model of sepsis Demonstration of the interactions between aromatic compound-loaded lipid nanocapsules and Acinetobacter baumannii bacterial membrane." Thesis, Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0072.

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Face à la montée en puissance des bactéries multi-résistantes, la découverte de nouvelles stratégies antibactériennes s’impose. Une alternative est l’utilisation de substances actives antibactériennes issues d’huiles essentielles. Ces actifs de nature lipophile, ont été encapsulés via les nanocapsules lipidiques (NCL) pour une utilisation par voie systémique. L’efficacité de ces NCL chargées en actifs a été montrée dans un modèle de sepsis à Acinetobacter baumannii avec un taux de survie de 45% à 55%. Notre étude a montré le pouvoir d’attraction et de pénétration du carvacrol (Car) encapsulé via les fonctions hydroxyles vis-à-vis de la membrane bactérienne. Les effets biologiques de ces actifs ont été caractérisés par une dégradation de l’ARNr et une surexpression des gènes codant pour des heat shock protein. Une surexpression de la catalase due au Car est également observée, en lien avec le stress oxydatif (rôle de détoxification). Nos travaux ont montré que les bactéries pourraient utiliser dans ce processus une stratégie de défense contre le Car en utilisant les ROS endogènes lors d’une réponse au stress environnemental. Ces effets biologiques sont conservés après l’encapsulation des actifs par les NCL. Dans un modèle in vivo de pneumopathie, aucune survie animale n’a été constatée, malgré la post-insertion des NCL, qui est censée augmenter leur furtivité dans le sang. L’infection pulmonaire n’a pas favorisé d’accumulation des NCL dans les poumons. Ce phénomène pourrait s’expliquer par la métabolisation du Cin en acide cinnamique dans le sang, forme oxydée de l’actif qui réduirait drastiquement l’activité antibactérienne des NCL chargées en Car-Cin
Faced with the rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria, the discovery of new antibacterial strategies is imperative. An alternative is the use of antibacterial active substances from essential oils. These lipophilic compounds were encapsulated via lipidic nanocapsules(LNC) allowing a use by systemic way. The efficacy of actives loaded LNC has been showed in a murine model of sepsis against Acinetobacter baumannii with a survival rate of 45% to 55%. Our study showed the power of attraction and penetration of the encapsulated carvacrol (Car) via the hydroxyl functions. The biological effects of these compounds were characterized by a degradation of rRNA, an over expression of genes encoding heat shock proteins. A catalase overexpression was also observed which is related to an oxidative stress (role of detoxification). Our works showed that bacteria could use in this process, a defense strategy against Car using the endogenous reactive oxygen species in response to environmental stress. These biological effects are preserved after encapsulation by LNC. In an in vivo model of pneumonia, no animal survival has been observed, despite the use of pegylated LNC, which is supposed to increase their stealth in the blood. Pulmonary infection did not promote the LNC accumulation in the lungs. This phenomenon could be explained by the metabolization of Cin in cinnamic acid in the blood, the oxidized form ofthe compound which would drastically reduce the antibacterial activity of Car-Cin loaded LNC
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16

Martins, Stephanie Alves. "Análise da mobilidade mitocondrial em células vivas do hipocampo, substância negra e locus coeruleus anterior à agregação proteica envolvida em neurodegeneração." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-07022014-103631/.

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A alteração do tráfego mitocondrial em neurônios leva ao aumento do estresse oxidativo, privação de energia, deficiência da comunicação intercelular e neurodegeneração. Há evidências de que essas alterações de tráfego antecedem a morte neuronal associada à agregação proteica. Portanto, conhecer a relação entre a mobilidade mitocondrial e a formação de agregados proteicos pode ser um passo importante para o melhor entendimento dos mecanismos da neurodegeneração. Com isso, o objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a mobilidade das mitocôndrias em culturas de células do hipocampo, substância negra e locus coeruleus expostas a rotenona e MPTP, como agentes neurodegenerativos, e à rapamicina como ativador da autofagia. Um outro objetivo do estudo é avaliar o papel do cálcio (através do emprego de EGTA e ionomicina) no modelo experimental. Os resultados mostraram aumento da mobilidade mitocondrial no hipocampo e diminuição na substância negra, já no locus coeruleus houve aumento seguido de diminuição da mobilidade mitocondrial dependendo da concentração de rotenona. O emprego do EGTA e ionomicina mostra que a ação da rotenona sobre o tráfego mitocondrial envolve o cálcio, mas não se relaciona com uma possível alteração da integridade mitocondrial, já que não foi observada alteração no potencial de membrana mitocondrial. Foram também realizados experimentos a fim de avaliar a mobilidade mitocondrial em modelo utilizando rapamicina para ativar a autofagia e MPTP como indutor da neurodegeneração em culturas de células, onde foi observado aumento da mobilidade no hipocampo e no locus coeruleus quando exposto a rapamicina e aumento da mobilidade mitocondrial em cultura de células do hipocampo exposto a MPTP já no locus coeruleus houve uma diminuição significativa da mobilidade mitocondrial. Os resultados permitem concluir que o tráfego mitocondrial está alterado antes da agregação proteica podendo contribuir com a neurodegeneração
Altered mitochondrial traffic in neurons can lead to increased oxidative stress, energy deprivation, impaired intercellular communication and neurodegeneration. There are evidences mitochondria disturbing precedes neuronal death associated with protein aggregation. Therefore, the study of mitochondrial traffic and protein aggregation can be an important step towards a better understanding of the mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze mitochondria mobility in cultured cells of the hippocampus, substantia nigra and locus coeruleus exposed to rotenone and MPTP, as neurodegeneration-promoting agents, and rapamycin to activate autophagy. The other objective of the study was to analyze the role of calcium (through EGTA and ionomycin) in the experimental model. The results showed increased and decreased mobility mitochondrial in cells from hippocampus and substantia nigra, respectively, while the locus coeruleus cell culture has increased followed by decreased mitochondrial mobility depending upon rotenone concentration. The use of EGTA and ionomycin showed that alteration of mitochondrial traffic is associated with calcium, however it is not related with changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. Additional experiments were also conducted to assess mitochondrial mobility in a model using rapamycin to activate autophagy and MPTP to induce neurodegeneration in cell cultures. The results of these experiments showed increased mitochondrial mobility in the hippocampus and locus coeruleus when exposed to rapamycin; while MPTP also increased mitochondria mobility in hippocampal cell cultures, but decreased it in locus coeruleus. Results suggest that mitochondrial traffic is altered before protein aggregation, which may contribute to neurodegeneration
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17

López, Muñoz Laura. "Homology modeling and structural analysis of the antipsychotic drugs receptorome." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7228.

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Classically it was assumed that the compounds with therapeutic effect exert their action interacting with a single receptor. Nowadays it is widely recognized that the pharmacological effect of most drugs is more complex and involves a set of receptors, some associated to their positive effects and some others to the side effects and toxicity. Antipsychotic drugs are an example of effective compounds characterized by a complex pharmacological profile binding to several receptors (mainly G protein-coupled-receptors, GPCR). In this work we will present a detailed study of known antipsychotic drugs and the receptors potentially involved in their binding profile, in order to understand the molecular mechanisms of the antipsychotic pharmacologic effects.

The study started with obtaining homology models for all the receptors putatively involved in the antipsychotic drugs receptorome, suitable for building consistent drug-receptor complexes. These complexes were structurally analyzed and compared using multivariate statistical methods, which in turn allowed the identification of the relationship between the pharmacological properties of the antipsychotic drugs and the structural differences in the receptor targets. The results can be exploited for the design of safer and more effective antipsychotic drugs with an optimum binding profile.
Tradicionalmente se asumía que los fármacos terapéuticamente efectivos actuaban interaccionando con un único receptor. Actualmente está ampliamente reconocido que el efecto farmacológico de la mayoría de los fármacos es más complejo y abarca a un conjunto de receptores, algunos asociados a los efectos terapéuticos y otros a los secundarios y toxicidad. Los fármacos antipsicóticos son un ejemplo de compuestos eficaces que se caracterizan por unirse a varios receptores simultáneamente (principalmente a receptores unidos a proteína G, GPCR). El trabajo de la presente tesis se ha centrado en el estudio de los mecanismos moleculares que determinan el perfil de afinidad de unión por múltiples receptores de los fármacos antipsicóticos.

En primer lugar se construyeron modelos de homología para todos los receptores potencialmente implicados en la actividad farmacológica de dichos fármacos, usando una metodología adecuada para construir complejos fármaco-receptor consistentes. La estructura de estos complejos fue analizada y se llevó a cabo una comparación mediante métodos estadísticos multivariantes, que permitió la identificación de asociaciones entre la actividad farmacológica de los fármacos antipsicóticos y diferencias estructurales de los receptores diana. Los resultados obtenidos tienen interés para ser explotados en el diseño de fármacos antipsicóticos con un perfil farmacológico óptimo, más seguros y eficaces.
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18

McCanna, David. "Development of Sensitive In Vitro Assays to Assess the Ocular Toxicity Potential of Chemicals and Ophthalmic Products." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4338.

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The utilization of in vitro tests with a tiered testing strategy for detection of mild ocular irritants can reduce the use of animals for testing, provide mechanistic data on toxic effects, and reduce the uncertainty associated with dose selection for clinical trials. The first section of this thesis describes how in vitro methods can be used to improve the prediction of the toxicity of chemicals and ophthalmic products. The proper utilization of in vitro methods can accurately predict toxic threshold levels and reduce animal use in product development. Sections two, three and four describe the development of new sensitive in vitro methods for predicting ocular toxicity. Maintaining the barrier function of the cornea is critical for the prevention of the penetration of infections microorganisms and irritating chemicals into the eye. Chapter 2 describes the development of a method for assessing the effects of chemicals on tight junctions using a human corneal epithelial and canine kidney epithelial cell line. In Chapter 3 a method that uses a primary organ culture for assessing single instillation and multiple instillation toxic effects is described. The ScanTox system was shown to be an ideal system to monitor the toxic effects over time as multiple readings can be taken of treated bovine lenses using the nondestructive method of assessing for the lens optical quality. Confirmations of toxic effects were made with the utilization of the viability dye alamarBlue. Chapter 4 describes the development of sensitive in vitro assays for detecting ocular toxicity by measuring the effects of chemicals on the mitochondrial integrity of bovine cornea, bovine lens epithelium and corneal epithelial cells, using fluorescent dyes. The goal of this research was to develop an in vitro test battery that can be used to accurately predict the ocular toxicity of new chemicals and ophthalmic formulations. By comparing the toxicity seen in vivo animals and humans with the toxicity response in these new in vitro methods, it was demonstrated that these in vitro methods can be utilized in a tiered testing strategy in the development of new chemicals and ophthalmic formulations.
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