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Books on the topic 'Mud pumps'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Dyke, Kate Van. Drilling fluids, mud pumps, and conditioning equipment. Austin: University of Texas at Austin, Petroleum Extension Service, 1998.

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2

Multer, Roger H. A numerical mud discharge plume model for offshore drilling operations. New Orleans, La: Minerals Management Service, Gulf of Mexico OCS Regional Office, 1985.

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3

Buckaroos and mud pups: The early days of ranching in British Columbia. Surrey, BC: Heritage House Pub., 2006.

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4

Alve, Hägg. System för sortering och blandning av ved för att uppnå TMP-massa med bestämda egenskaper =: A system for sorting and mixing wood in order to obtain TMP pulps with definite properties. Uppsala: SLU, 1997.

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5

Parker, Philip M. The 2007-2012 World Outlook for Mud-Type Oil Well and Oil Field Pumps and Slush Pumps. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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6

The 2006-2011 World Outlook for Mud-Type Oil Well and Oil Field Pumps and Slush Pumps. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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7

The 2006-2011 World Outlook for Oil Well and Oil Field Pumps Excluding Subsurface Type, Mud Type, and Slush Pumps. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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8

Parker, Philip M. The 2007-2012 World Outlook for Oil Well and Oil Field Pumps Excluding Subsurface Type, Mud Type, and Slush Pumps. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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9

Unit I - The Rig and Its Maintenance: Mud Pumps and Conditioning Equipment Lesson 12 (Rotary Drilling Series). 2nd ed. Univ of Texas at Austin Petroleum, 1995.

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10

Applied Drilling Circulation Systems Hydraulics Calculations And Models. Gulf Professional Publishing, 2011.

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11

Dickman, Andrew, and Jennifer Schneider. Continuous subcutaneous infusions and syringe drivers. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198733720.003.0001.

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Chapter one provides an overview of syringe pumps and CSCIs. The reader is introduced to the development of the syringe driver, or pump, and the need for a CSCI. Specific indications for a CSCI are described. Practical advice about how to avoid and manage the risks of an infusion site reaction are presented, as well as ten FAQs related to the set-up and use of the syringe pump. The currently available syringe pumps are then further discussed in more detail. The chapter closes with a discussion about the risk of needlestick injury, with reference to current legislation and techniques that can reduce the risk.
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12

Levy, David. Technology, current and future. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198766452.003.0005.

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People with Type 1 diabetes benefit from appropriate use of technology when it is affordable. Insulin pump treatment, in increasing use from the 1970s, is becoming widespread, and in certain countries near-universal. The principles, indications for, and examples of available pump devices are outlined, and an approach to insulin dosing with pumps. Minor complications are still common, but hyperglycaemic emergencies rare, and overall quality of life broadly increases with pump treatment. Continuous glucose monitoring, in use since the late 1990s, is also increasing in sophistication. Blinded diagnostic systems are widely used in clinics, and more recently personal continuous monitoring devices have been shown to improve glycaemic control if worn most of the time. The ultimate aim – the closed-loop system, or artificial pancreas – is in sight.
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13

Boortz-Marx, Richard L., Daniel Moyse, and Yawar J. Qadri. Intrathecal Pumps. Edited by Mehul J. Desai. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199350940.003.0031.

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Neuromodulation options that exist for chronic pain treatment include targeted intrathecal drug delivery, spinal cord stimulation, deep brain stimulation, cortical stimulation, and peripheral field stimulation. This chapter focuses on the neuromodulation technique of targeted intrathecal drug delivery. The chapter provides a brief overview of the history and focuses on clinically relevant discussion of patient selection, trialing, surgical technique, and other important topics for establishing a high-quality targeted intrathecal drug delivery program in this evolving age. The key to success with neuromodulation and targeted intrathecal drug delivery is patient selection. Appropriate pre-implantation screening and behavioral health assessment are critical. The choice of agent and route of delivery may play key roles in therapy success.
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14

Dickman, Andrew, and Jennifer Schneider. The Syringe Driver. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198733720.001.0001.

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A syringe driver, or pump, represents a simple and cost-effective method of delivering a continuous subcutaneous infusion (CSCI). A CSCI provides a safe and effective way of drug administration and can be used to maintain symptom control in patients who are no longer able to take oral medication. There have been several developments in this field since the third edition of this highly successful book. The text in this edition has been completely revised, including a new chapter describing the compatibility and stability of drugs in addition to incorporating new treatment options and an extensive list of new compatibility data. This book serves as a valuable reference source, providing a comprehensive review of syringe pump use and administration of drugs via CSCI. The first chapter provides an overview of syringe pumps and CSCIs, including a useful array of frequently asked questions and reference to needlestick injuries. The new second chapter discusses the reasons why drugs in solution are at risk of compatibility and stability issues. The third chapter incorporates revised and referenced information relating to most drugs likely to be administered via a CSCI using a syringe pump. The fourth chapter briefly discusses the control of specific symptoms that are often encountered when CSCIs are required. The fifth and final chapter contains an extensive, referenced (where possible) list of physical and chemical stability data relating to drug combinations administered via CSCI.
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15

Mather, Ken. Buckaroo And Mud Pups: The Early Days of Ranching in B.c. Heritage House Publishing Company Ltd, 2006.

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16

The Mini Med Insulin Pump Workbook - For Getting The Most From Your Pump. MiniMed Inc., 2001.

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17

Wiffen, Philip, Marc Mitchell, Melanie Snelling, and Nicola Stoner. Therapy-related issues: nutrition and blood. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199603640.003.0024.

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Administration sets 498Intravenous (IV) administration pumps and other devices 500Management of magnesium imbalance 504Management of phosphate imbalance 506Management of hypokalaemia 508Guidelines for the treatment of hypocalcaemia 512Prescribing IV fluids 514Nutritional support in adults 519Normal nutritional requirements 520...
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18

Park, Susanna B., Cindy S.-Y. Lin, and Matthew C. Kiernan. Axonal excitability: molecular basis and assessment in the clinic. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0009.

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Axonal excitability techniques were developed to assess axonal resting membrane potential and ion channel function in vivo, and thereby provide greater molecular understanding of the activity of voltage gated ion channels and ion pumps underlying nerve and membrane function. Axonal excitability studies provide complimentary information to conventional nerve conduction studies, using submaximal stimuli to examine the properties underlying the excitability of the axon. Such techniques have been developed both as a research technique to examine disease pathophysiology and as a clinical investigation technique. This chapter provides an overview of axonal excitability techniques, addressing the role of key ion channels and pumps in membrane function and highlighting examples of clinical case studies, where such techniques have been utilized, including motor neuronopathies, tracking progression of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, and assessing treatment response in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.
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19

Pickup, John, ed. Insulin Pump Therapy and Continuous Glucose Monitoring. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568604.001.0001.

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20

Rahimi, Kazem. Circulatory support therapy. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0099.

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A broad range of acute and chronic conditions reaching from hypovolaemic shock to ventricular tachycardia can present with circulatory failure. Hence, the approach for management of circulatory failure can vary considerably. This chapter focuses on circulatory failure due to pump failure of the heart and builds on general treatment strategies discussed in Chapters 91 and 92. Three major circulatory support therapies are discussed further: pharmacological therapy, balloon pumping, and surgically inserted devices. Treatment of circulatory failure unrelated to pump failure, and general measures such as fluid resuscitation, are beyond the scope of this chapter.
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21

Christine, Roffe. Stroke care: what is in the black box? Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199689644.003.0014.

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Key points• Most improvements in stroke care to date have been driven by research.• Immediate access to advanced imaging allows fast decision making, is cost-effective, and improves outcome.• Hyperacute interventions for acute ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke can prevent permanent brain damage and reduce disability.• Strokes and stroke complications do not just happen during working hours: 24/7 working is essential for effective stroke management.• High quality nursing care is essential and has been shown to have a major impact on survival.• Pneumonia is the most common post-stroke complication, and can be prevented by early swallow assessment.• Urinary catheters are associated with infections and should be avoided.• Foot pumps reduce thromboembolism and save lives.
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22

Bowker, Lesley K., James D. Price, Ku Shah, and Sarah C. Smith. Drugs. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198738381.003.0006.

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This chapter provides information on pharmacology in older patients, prescribing ‘rules’, taking a drug history, drug sensitivity, adverse drug reactions, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, analgesia, steroids, warfarin, direct oral anticoagulants, proton pump inhibitors, herbal medicines, and breaking the rules.
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23

Waberski, Andrew T., and Nina Deutsch. Transposition of the Great Arteries. Edited by Kirk Lalwani, Ira Todd Cohen, Ellen Y. Choi, and Vidya T. Raman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190685157.003.0010.

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Transposition of the great arteries is a congenital cardiac abnormality that presents in the neonatal period, most commonly as cyanosis. While variations in anatomic features exist, dextro-transposition of the great arteries, the most common form, results in 2 separate circulatory systems in parallel, such that the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation, and the left ventricle sends oxygenated blood back to the pulmonary circulation. To ensure survival, early diagnosis and intervention to allow for adequate mixing of blood is necessary. The arterial switch operation is the definitive treatment, usually undertaken in the first few days of life. Known complications of surgery include ischemia, bleeding, hemodynamic compromise, and arrhythmias. Anesthetic management must take these factors into account.
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24

Waldmann, Carl, Neil Soni, and Andrew Rhodes. Cardiovascular therapy techniques. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199229581.003.0002.

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Defibrillation 52Temporary cardiac pacing 54Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation pump 56Cardiac assist devices 58Therapeutic cooling 60Defibrillation is the delivery of sufficient electrical current to depolarize a critical mass of myocardium and enable restoration of coordinated electrical activity. All defibrillators have three features in common: ...
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25

Harney, Jacob P., Kathryn Gudsnuk, Ami Patel, Anantha R. Vellipuram, Sathyajit Bandaru, and David Butler. Endocrine and Reproductive Effects of Ketogenic Diets. Edited by Detlev Boison. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190497996.003.0025.

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This chapter reviews endocrine, behavioral, and reproductive outcomes of the ketogenic diet (KD) in rodent mouse and rat models. KD treatment can result in conditions seen in metabolic syndrome, including dyslipidemia and inflammation. Females raised on low protein KDs will experience delayed puberty onset. Results presented suggest an increase in ketones and a decrease in spatial memory as percent protein drops. Postpubertal female pups fed KD experienced similar cognitive decline to KD-fed dams, despite consuming only normal rodent chow since weaning. This finding is consistent with the development of anatomical differences in the brains of pups from KD-fed versus rodent chow–fed controls. A thorough evaluation of the effects of different lipid and protein profiles (amount and type) will be necessary if KDs are going to be safe and effective long-term therapies for both sexes and in neurological disorders besides pediatric intractable epilepsy.
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26

Kreit, John W. Patient–Ventilator Interactions and Asynchrony. Edited by John W. Kreit. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190670085.003.0011.

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Patient–Ventilator Interactions and Asynchrony describes what happens when the patient and the ventilator do not work together in an effective, coordinated manner. Effective mechanical ventilation requires the synchronized function of two pumps: The mechanical ventilator is governed by the settings chosen by the clinician; the patient’s respiratory system is controlled by groups of neurons in the brain stem. Ideally, the ventilator simply augments and amplifies the activity of the respiratory system. Asynchrony between the ventilator and the patient reduces patient comfort, increases work of breathing, predisposes to respiratory muscle fatigue, and may even impair oxygenation and ventilation. The chapter describes the causes and consequences of patient–ventilator asynchrony during ventilator triggering and the inspiratory phase of the respiratory cycle and explains how to adjust ventilator settings to improve patient comfort and reduce the work of breathing.
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27

Evans, Charlotte, Anne Creaton, Marcus Kennedy, and Terry Martin, eds. Cardiac. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722168.003.0009.

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Retrieval of patients with cardiac emergencies makes up a large chunk of the workload of most retrieval services. Cases range from the routine to the most challenging unstable patients with complex physiology and high-level support requirements. The transfer of patients for time-critical interventions mean that the adrenaline levels of the retrieval clinician may approach those of the patient. Included are clinical and logistical considerations for patients with acute coronary syndromes, pulmonary oedema, cardiogenic shock, arrhythmias, and those requiring pacing. Aortic dissection and pulmonary embolus are also discussed in detail. With the development of smaller more portable devices the use of intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABP) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the retrieval environment has increased. While many retrieval services routinely perform retrieval of these patients, the technology can intimidate those who do not use it regularly. The operation and key features of these devices is included.
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28

Timperley, Jonathan, and Sandeep Hothi. Hypotension. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0011.

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Hypotension is defined as a systolic arterial blood pressure of less than 90 mm Hg, or a diastolic arterial pressure of less than 60 mm Hg, and may lead to shock, with clinical evidence of inadequate blood supply to critical organs. It can be due to hypovolaemia, cardiac pump failure, or vasodilatation. This chapter describes the clinical approach to patient with hypotension.
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29

Nava, Stefano, and Luca Fasano. Ventilator Liberation Strategies. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0039.

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The weaning process should ideally begin as soon as the patient is intubated and continue through the treatment of the cause inducing acute respiratory failure. Weaning includes the assessment of readiness to extubate, extubation, and post-extubation monitoring; it also includes consideration of non-invasive ventilation which has been shown to reduce the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation in selected patients. Weaning accounts for approximately 40% of the total time spent on mechanical ventilation and should be achieved rapidly, since prolonged mechanical ventilation is associated with increased risk of complications and mortality and with increased costs. During mechanical ventilation, medical management should seek to correct the imbalance between respiratory load and ventilatory capacity (reducing the respiratory and cardiac workload, improving gas exchange and the ventilatory pump power). Ventilator settings delivering partial ventilatory pump support may help prevent ventilator-induced respiratory muscles dysfunction. Daily interruption of sedation has been associated with earlier extubation. Critically ill patients should be repeatedly and carefully screened for readiness to wean and readiness to extubate, and objective screening variables should be fully integrated in clinical decision making.
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30

McKenzie, Ian. Single Ventricle Physiology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199764495.003.0031.

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Congenital cardiac abnormalities in which there is functionally only a single ventricle are a heterogeneous group of conditions. These include patients with marked hypoplasia of one ventricle, usually with hypoplasia or atresia of the inflow of the ventricle, such as in hypoplastic left heart syndrome or conditions where surgical separation of the flow to each ventricle is not possible, such as double-inlet left ventricle. The most common pathway for palliating these conditions will be to use cavopulmonary connections to provide lung blood flow direct from systemic venous return (reliant on systemic venous pressure). The single ventricle pumps to the systemic arterial circulation. Many of these patients will be long-term survivors and present with acute surgical conditions unrelated to their cardiac condition. The safe anesthesia management of patients with single ventricle physiology and cavopulmonary connections involves assessing their cardiovascular reserve and understanding the effects of hypovolemia, anesthesia, positive-pressure ventilation, and the procedure itself on their circulation.
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31

Levy, David. Type 1 Diabetes. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198766452.001.0001.

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Type 1 Diabetes (2011) has been completely updated for the 2nd edition. The background is introduced with a review of aetiology, classification, and presentation in young people and adults. The major longitudinal studies (DCCT/EDIC, Pittsburgh, and FinnDiane) are discussed and their importance in defining the long-term outcomes of Type 1 diabetes in the modern era emphasized. Treatment is covered with a focused discussion of advanced management of diabetic ketoacidosis and insulin treatment (multiple-dose insulin and insulin pumps). A new chapter on technology covers continuous glucose monitoring, a practical update on the artificial pancreas project, and pancreas transplantation. The natural history of microvascular and macrovascular complications and their management are extensively covered. Type 1 diabetes in adolescents and emerging adults is given a separate chapter, and there is a new chapter on pre-conception care and education. New material on the psychological and psychosocial aspects of diabetes is presented. It is fully referenced with PubMed reference numbers and free-text PMID references, and each chapter contains suggestions for focused further reading.
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32

Lameire, Norbert. Prevention of acute kidney injury. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0225_update_001.

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This chapter describes the most important non-pharmacologic interventions in the prevention of acute kidney injury. Specific for bypass surgery is the choice between on- versus off-pump surgery in coronary artery bypass grafting. Other interventions include optimization and maintenance of oxygen delivery and of cardiovascular haemodynamics; careful selection of fluid therapy, particularly in septic shock and the postoperative period; possible application of preoperative remote ischaemic preconditioning; maintaining euglycaemia, and application of lung-protective artificial ventilation.
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33

Magder, Sheldon. Central venous pressure monitoring in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0132.

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Central venous pressure (CVP) is at the crucial intersection of the force returning blood to the heart and the force produced by cardiac function, which drives the blood back to the systemic circulation. The normal range of CVP is small so that before using it one must ensure proper measurement, specifically the reference level. A useful approach to hypotension is to first determine if arterial pressure is low because of a decrease in vascular resistance or a decrease in cardiac output. This is done by either measuring cardiac output or making a clinical assessment blood flow. If the cardiac output is decreased, next determine whether this is because of a cardiac pump problem or a return problem. It is at this stage that the CVP is most helpful for these options can be separated by considering the actual CVP or even better, how it changed with the change in cardiac output. A high CVP is indicative of a primary pump problem, and a low CVP and return problem. Understanding the factors that determine CVP magnitude, mechanisms that produce the components of the CVP wave form and changes in CVP with respiratory efforts can also provide useful clinical information. In many patients, CVP can be estimated on physical exam.
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34

Waldmann, Carl, Neil Soni, and Andrew Rhodes. Gastrointestinal drugs. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199229581.003.0012.

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H2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors 194Antiemetics 196Gut motility agents 198Antidiarrhoeals 200Constipation in critical care 202There is continual basal acid secretion and an increase after meals, from the parietal cells in the body and fundus of the stomach. The dominant mechanism for acid secretion is mediated by histamine from enterochromaffin cells, in turn stimulated by gastrin, released from antral G cells in response to amino acids. Other stimuli acting on parietal cells include acetylcholine, gastrin, calcium and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide....
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35

Prout, Jeremy, Tanya Jones, and Daniel Martin. Cardiac anaesthesia. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199609956.003.0014.

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This chapter, written by Anaesthetists from the Heart Hospital, describes the general principles in cardiac anaesthesia. Patient pre-assessment, perioperative monitoring, management of anticoagulation, methods of patient cooling and rewarming, cardiopulmonary bypass and postoperative complications such as tamponade and neurological dysfunction are all discussed in detail. The principles of intra-aortic balloon pump counterpulsation with indications and practical aspects of use are included. The principles of providing anaesthesia for the adult patient with congenital heart disease follow a description of the physiological considerations in these patients.
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36

Shah, Aali. Hypomagnesemia/Hypermagnesemia. Edited by Matthew D. McEvoy and Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0039.

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Hypomagnesemia is a relatively common electrolyte abnormality that may produce little to no significant clinical manifestations in patients. Commonly used medications such as proton-pump inhibitors and antidepressants can cause magnesium deficiency. The primary cardiac effect of hypomagnesemia is a prolongation of the Q-T interval. It is exposure to other drugs in the perioperative period and physiologic changes caused by anesthesia and surgery that can further alter cardiac electrophysiology and lead to serious ventricular dysrhythmias. Hypermagnesemia is generally iatrogenic from excessive ingestion, renal failure, or therapeutic administration for preeclampsia. Adverse effects of hypermagnesemia include somnolence, muscle weakness, and slowing of cardiac conduction.
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37

Pitt, Matthew. Basic physiology. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754596.003.0002.

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The basic physiology common to all neurophysiological testing is covered in this chapter. It describes the process of the production of a transmembrane gradient by the sodium pump to the generation of an action potential, the influence of refractory periods, unidirectional propagation, and the influence of volume conduction on the appearance of the action potential when recorded on the skin surface. The practicalities of recording the signals are discussed, including the importance of bipolar stimulation and the practical limitations of what can be recorded and measured in nerve conduction studies. Finally, the technique of electrical stimulation is highlighted.
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38

Zhang, Peng-Fei, Yun Zhang, and Siew Yen Ho. Left ventricle: morphology and geometry. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0018.

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The left ventricle is a cone-shaped muscular pump which receives the blood from the left atrium through the inflow tract and ejects it to the aorta through the outflow tract. The double helical myocardial fibre formation is the basis of efficient motion, function, and morphology of the left ventricle. Physiological or pathological changes of these characteristics of the left ventricle can be evaluated by echocardiography. This chapter describes the morphology and geometry of the left ventricle, including the inflow tract, the outflow tract, double helix formation of left ventricle myocardium, and the echocardiographic assessment of left ventricle morphology and geometry.
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39

Shepherd, Angela J., and Juliet M. Mckee. Osteoporosis. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190466268.003.0015.

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Osteoporotic fractures are major causes of suffering and death. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the standard of care for diagnosis (T-score ≤ –2.5) of osteoporosis. Prevention of fractures requires addressing bone and muscle strength and balance. Physical exercise, good nutrition (fruits, vegetables, adequate calcium), adequate vitamin intake (C, D, and K), tobacco cessation, and no more than moderate alcohol intake enhance bone health and decrease fracture risk. Long-term treatment with glucocorticoids, certain drugs used in breast or prostate cancer treatment, and proton pump inhibitors used for gastroesophageal reflux disease may increase the risk for osteoporosis. Pharmacologically, bisphosphonates are the mainstay of osteoporosis treatment.
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40

Davierwala, Piroze M., and Friedrich W. Mohr. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0048.

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The surgical management of acute coronary syndrome still remains a challenge for the cardiac surgeon. Although most patients can be managed by percutaneous coronary intervention, for patients with complex multivessel or left main coronary artery disease (high SYNTAX score), in whom percutaneous coronary intervention is not possible or is unsuccessful, urgent or emergent coronary artery bypass graft surgery is the only available option. It is very important for surgeons to determine the optimum timing of surgical intervention, which is usually based on the clinical presentation, coronary anatomy, and biomarkers. Surgeons should be conversant with the different operative techniques, whether off- or on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery, that would help in achieving the best possible outcomes in such situations. Early and late survival of patients depends not only on an efficiently executed operation, but also on the competency of the post-operative care delivered. Modern perioperative management is reinforced by the availability of a variety of mechanical cardiopulmonary assist devices, like the intra-aortic balloon pump, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and an array of ventricular assist devices, which aid us in managing very sick patients presenting with cardiogenic shock. The results of coronary artery bypass graft surgery for acute coronary syndrome, as published in the literature, vary significantly, because of the heterogeneity of patient populations, operative timing, and haemodynamic status, making a comparison of surgical outcomes almost impossible. Only one randomized trial has been conducted to that effect, to date. A heart team approach, involving an interventional cardiologist and a cardiac surgeon, is mandatory to determine the best treatment strategy and achieve the best possible outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
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41

Davierwala, Piroze M., and Friedrich W. Mohr. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0048_update_001.

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The surgical management of acute coronary syndrome still remains a challenge for the cardiac surgeon. Although most patients can be managed by percutaneous coronary intervention, for patients with complex multivessel or left main coronary artery disease (high SYNTAX score), in whom percutaneous coronary intervention is not possible or is unsuccessful, urgent or emergent coronary artery bypass graft surgery is the only available option. It is very important for surgeons to determine the optimum timing of surgical intervention, which is usually based on the clinical presentation, coronary anatomy, and biomarkers. Surgeons should be conversant with the different operative techniques, whether off- or on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery, that would help in achieving the best possible outcomes in such situations. Early and late survival of patients depends not only on an efficiently executed operation, but also on the competency of the post-operative care delivered. Modern perioperative management is reinforced by the availability of a variety of mechanical cardiopulmonary assist devices, like the intra-aortic balloon pump, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and an array of ventricular assist devices, which aid us in managing very sick patients presenting with cardiogenic shock. The results of coronary artery bypass graft surgery for acute coronary syndrome, as published in the literature, vary significantly, because of the heterogeneity of patient populations, operative timing, and haemodynamic status, making a comparison of surgical outcomes almost impossible. Only one randomized trial has been conducted to that effect, to date. A heart team approach, involving an interventional cardiologist and a cardiac surgeon, is mandatory to determine the best treatment strategy and achieve the best possible outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
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42

Davierwala, Piroze M., and Friedrich W. Mohr. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0048_update_002.

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The surgical management of acute coronary syndrome still remains a challenge for the cardiac surgeon. Although most patients can be managed by percutaneous coronary intervention, for patients with complex multivessel or left main coronary artery disease (high SYNTAX score), in whom percutaneous coronary intervention is not possible or is unsuccessful, urgent or emergent coronary artery bypass graft surgery is the only available option. It is very important for surgeons to determine the optimum timing of surgical intervention, which is usually based on the clinical presentation, coronary anatomy, and biomarkers. Surgeons should be conversant with the different operative techniques, whether off- or on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery, that would help in achieving the best possible outcomes in such situations. Early and late survival of patients depends not only on an efficiently executed operation, but also on the competency of the post-operative care delivered. Modern perioperative management is reinforced by the availability of a variety of mechanical cardiopulmonary assist devices, like the intra-aortic balloon pump, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and an array of ventricular assist devices, which aid us in managing very sick patients presenting with cardiogenic shock. The results of coronary artery bypass graft surgery for acute coronary syndrome, as published in the literature, vary significantly, because of the heterogeneity of patient populations, operative timing, and haemodynamic status, making a comparison of surgical outcomes almost impossible. Only one randomized trial has been conducted to that effect, to date. A heart team approach, involving an interventional cardiologist and a cardiac surgeon, is mandatory to determine the best treatment strategy and achieve the best possible outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
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43

Davierwala, Piroze M., and Friedrich W. Mohr. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0048_update_003.

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The surgical management of acute coronary syndrome still remains a challenge for the cardiac surgeon. Although most patients can be managed by percutaneous coronary intervention, for patients with complex multivessel or left main coronary artery disease (high SYNTAX score), in whom percutaneous coronary intervention is not possible or is unsuccessful, urgent or emergent coronary artery bypass graft surgery is the only available option. It is very important for surgeons to determine the optimum timing of surgical intervention, which is usually based on the clinical presentation, coronary anatomy, and biomarkers. Surgeons should be conversant with the different operative techniques, whether off- or on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery, that would help in achieving the best possible outcomes in such situations. Early and late survival of patients depends not only on an efficiently executed operation, but also on the competency of the post-operative care delivered. Modern perioperative management is reinforced by the availability of a variety of mechanical cardiopulmonary assist devices, like the intra-aortic balloon pump, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and an array of ventricular assist devices, which aid us in managing very sick patients presenting with cardiogenic shock. The results of coronary artery bypass graft surgery for acute coronary syndrome, as published in the literature, vary significantly, because of the heterogeneity of patient populations, operative timing, and haemodynamic status, making a comparison of surgical outcomes almost impossible. Only one randomized trial has been conducted to that effect, to date. A heart team approach, involving an interventional cardiologist and a cardiac surgeon, is mandatory to determine the best treatment strategy and achieve the best possible outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
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44

Clebone, Anna, Barbara Burian, Keith J. Ruskin, and Barbara Burian, eds. Pediatric Anesthesia Procedures. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190685188.001.0001.

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Pediatric Anesthesiology Procedures is intended as a ready resource of common procedures in Pediatric Anesthesiology for both experts and novices. It will be useful to both those with extensive training and experience as well as beginners and those with distant experience or training. A wealth of knowledge in the human factors of procedure design and use has been applied throughout to ensure that desired information can be easily located, that steps are clearly identified and comprehensible, and that additional information of high relevance to procedure completion is co-located and salient. This book begins with the basics, but quickly progresses to advanced skill sets. It is divided into four parts. Part I focuses on the airway and breathing, and advances from the basics of airway management through specialty skills such as lung isolation. Part II covers vascular access, from the fundamentals of fluid management and programming several types of common pumps, to intraosseous placement. Part III examines neuraxial regional anesthesia techniques as well as sympathetic blocks performed by those with an additional fellowship in pain management. This volume concludes with Part IV on emergencies and critical conditions including cardiopulmonary resuscitation for neonates and older children, treatment of local anesthetic systemic toxicity. It also includes four chapters which detail the anesthetic management for classic neonatal surgical pathologies, such as tracheoesophageal fistula, myelomeningocele, gastroschisis/omphalocele, and congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
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45

Matthias, Gottmann, Nanjundan Ashok, and Goddard Space Flight Center, eds. Thermal control systems for low-temperature heat rejection on a lunar base: Annual progress report for grant NAG5-1572 (MOD). [Tucson, Ariz.?]: Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, 1993.

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46

Matthias, Gottmann, Nanjundan Ashok, and Goddard Space Flight Center, eds. Thermal control systems for low-temperature heat rejection on a lunar base: Annual progress report for grant NAG5-1572 (MOD). [Tucson, Ariz.?]: Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona, 1993.

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47

Fayssoil, Abdallah, and Djillali Annane. Inotropic agents in critical illness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0036.

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Inotropes are drugs commonly used in the intensive care unit. This class of agents includes a broad variety of molecules that improve cardiac index by increasing intracellular concentrations of cyclic AMP, or sensitivity to intracellular calcium, or by inhibiting the sodium/potassium pump. The main inotropic agents available are digoxin, catecholamines, and non-catecholergic drugs, e.g. phosphodiesterase inhibitors and levosimendan. In practice, dobutamine, a beta1 and beta2 agonist, is the inotrope of choice in patients with acute heart failure, or in patients with severe sepsis and evidence for left ventricle dysfunction. Levosimendan may be an alternative choice in patients with severe heart failure, particularly for those previously treated with beta-blockers. The main serious adverse events related to any inotrope are life-threatening arrhythmias.
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48

Combes, Alain. Ventricular assist devices in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0154.

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Despite major advances in pharmacological therapies for heart failure with left ventricular pump dysfunction, the number of hospitalizations for decompensated heart failure is increasing, with most patients ultimately dying of disease complications. Heart transplantation remains the only treatment providing substantial individual benefit for patients with advanced disease. However, fewer than 3000 organ donors are available worldwide per year, limiting its overall impact. Therefore, alternative approaches, such as mechanical circulatory support have been the subject of intense research over recent decades. The development of mechanical circulatory devices parallels that of cardiac surgery and cardiac transplantation. Current practice and the development of economically affordable short-term devices have resulted in updated indications for mechanical circulatory assistance for both short- and long-term support.
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49

Levy, David. Diet and lifestyle. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198766452.003.0003.

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Macro- and micronutrient intake in Type 1 patients is outlined, and is similar to that of the general population. Carbohydrate counting programmes (flexible intensive insulin therapy, FIIT, for example DAFNE) is increasingly advocated; mandatory for pump patients, it is not suitable for all patients. The 2015 USA guidelines on diet are reviewed in relation to Type 1 diabetes. There is increasing evidence for the protective effects of regular exercise on microvascular complications, and current evidence on the physiology of different forms of exercise are reviewed. Endurance events should not be discouraged. Cigarette smoking is as frequent in Type 1 patients as in the general population, and increased efforts to encourage smoking cessation are needed. Moderate alcohol intake is probably beneficial, but binge drinking is harmful and prevalent.
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50

Agarwal, Deepti, Ifeyinwa C. Ifeanyi, and Mercy A. Udoji. Intrathecal Drug Delivery Systems. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190271787.003.0030.

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Intrathecal drug delivery (ITDD), while initially intended for terminal oncology patients suffering from cancer pain, is currently widely used for chronic nonmalignant pain states. Before intrathecal drug delivery device (IDDD) implantation, patients with nonmalignant chronic pain must be screened for psychologic, behavioral, and medical etiologies for their pain, in addition to having a documented failure of maximal medical therapy and a successful intrathecal drug trial. Classes of drugs used for intrathecal therapy include opioids, local anesthetics, adrenergic agonists, and NMDA receptor agonists. Drugs currently approved by the FDA for ITDD are morphine, ziconotide, and baclofen. Complications of IDDD implantation are surgical (bleeding, infection, CSF leak, nerve injury), mechanical (due to catheter kink, shear, or disconnection), pharmacologic (overdose, incorrect pump settings, contaminated drugs), or medical (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism).
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