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Lisch, Damon, Lisa Girard, Maureen Donlin, and Michael Freeling. "Functional Analysis of Deletion Derivatives of the Maize Transposon MuDR Delineates Roles for the MURA and MURB Proteins." Genetics 151, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 331–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/151.1.331.
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Abstract The regulatory transposon of the Mutator system of transposable elements in maize is MuDR. MuDR elements produce two transcripts, from genes mudrA and mudrB, encoding proteins MURA and MURB, respectively. Like many other transposons, MuDR elements often undergo deletions, usually of internal sequences. Analysis of a deletion that is restricted to the region encoding MURB demonstrates that this gene is not required to cause excisions of a reporter element, although it may be required for transposition or suppression of suppressible alleles. Conversely, a derivative that lacks the region encoding MURA but that produces MURB is nonfunctional for all aspects of Mutator activity. Northern analysis of these derivatives reveals that each of the two transcripts can be independently transcribed, and analysis using an antibody specific for MURB reveals that mudrB transcript can also be successfully translated and its product appropriately localized in the absence of mudrA. A third deletion derivative provides evidence for a source of previously reported antisense transcript.
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de la Luz Gutiérrez-Nava, María, Christine A. Warren, Patricia León, and Virginia Walbot. "Transcriptionally Active MuDR, the Regulatory Element of the Mutator Transposable Element Family of Zea mays, Is Present in Some Accessions of the Mexican land race Zapalote chico." Genetics 149, no. 1 (May 1, 1998): 329–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/149.1.329.
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Abstract To date, mobile Mu transposons and their autonomous regulator MuDR have been found only in the two known Mutator lines of maize and their immediate descendants. To gain insight into the origin, organization, and regulation of Mutator elements, we surveyed exotic maize and related species for cross-hybridization to MuDR. Some accessions of the mexican land race Zapalote chico contain one to several copies of full-length, unmethylated, and transcriptionally active MuDR-like elements plus non-autonomous Mu elements. The sequenced 5.0-kb MuDR-Zc element is 94.6% identical to MuDR, with only 20 amino acid changes in the 93-kD predicted protein encoded by mudrA and ten amino acid changes in the 23-kD predicted protein of mudrB. The terminal inverted repeat (TIR) A of MuDR-Zc is identical to standard MuDR; TIRB is 11.2% divergent from TIRA. In Zapalote chico, mudrA transcripts are very rare, while mudrB transcripts are as abundant as in Mutator lines with a few copies of MuDR. Zapalote chico lines with MuDR-like elements can trans-activate reporter alleles in inactive Mutator backgrounds; they match the characteristic increased forward mutation frequency of standard Mutator lines, but only after outcrossing to another line. Zapalote chico accessions that lack MuDR-like elements and the single copy MuDR a1-mum2 line produce few mutations. New mutants recovered from Zapalote chico are somatically stable.
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Slotkin, R. Keith, Michael Freeling, and Damon Lisch. "Mu killer Causes the Heritable Inactivation of the Mutator Family of Transposable Elements in Zea mays." Genetics 165, no. 2 (October 1, 2003): 781–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/165.2.781.
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Abstract Mutations in a number of genes responsible for the maintenance of transposon silencing have been reported. However, the initiation of epigenetic silencing of transposable elements is poorly characterized. Here, we report the identification of a single dominant locus, Mu killer (Muk), that acts to silence MuDR, the autonomous regulatory transposon of the Mutator family of transposable elements in maize. Muk results in the methylation of MuDR TIRs and is competent to silence one or several active MuDR elements. Silencing by Muk is not dependent on the position of the MuDR element and occurs gradually during plant development. Transcript levels of the MuDR transposase, mudrA, decrease substantially when Muk is present. The other transcript encoded by MuDR, mudrB, also fails to accumulate in the poly(A) RNA fraction when MuDR and Muk are combined. Additionally, plants undergoing MuDR silencing produce small, mudrA-homologous ∼26-nt RNAs, suggesting a role for RNA-directed DNA methylation in MuDR silencing. MuDR elements silenced by Muk remain silenced even in plants that do not inherit Muk, suggesting that Muk is required for the initiation of MuDR silencing but not for its maintenance.
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Hsia, An-Ping, and Patrick S. Schnable. "DNA Sequence Analyses Support the Role of Interrupted Gap Repair in the Origin of Internal Deletions of the Maize Transposon, MuDR." Genetics 142, no. 2 (February 1, 1996): 603–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/142.2.603.
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Abstract Previous research has demonstrated that the autonomous Cy transposon can activate the excision of Mu transposons. To determine the relationship between Cy and the more recently described autonomous Mu transposon, MuDR, a Cy transposon inserted at the mutable a1 allele, a1-m5216, was isolated and cloned. DNA sequence analyses established that this Cy insertion is identical to MuDR (Mu9, GenBank accession No.: m76978.gb_pl). Therefore, Cy will henceforth be termed MuDR:Cy. Defective derivatives of MuDR:Cy were isolated that had lost their capacity to activate their own excision or the excision of a Mu7 transposon. Most of these derivatives are nonautonomous transposons because they can excise, but only in the presence of unlinked MuDR:Cy transposons. Physical mapping and DNA sequence analyses have established that six of these defective derivatives carry internal deletions. It has been proposed previously that such deletions arise via interrupted gap repair. The DNA sequences of the break points associated with all four sequenced deletions are consistent with this model. The finding that three of the excision-defective derivatives carry deletions that disrupt the coding region of the mudrA (but not the mudrB) transcript supports the view that mudrA plays a role in the excision of Mu transposons.
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Kumar, K. V. V., and P. V. V. Kishore. "Indian Classical Dance Mudra Classification Using HOG Features and SVM Classifier." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 5 (October 1, 2017): 2537. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i5.pp2537-2546.
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Digital understanding of Indian classical dance is least studied work, though it has been a part of Indian Culture from around 200BC. This work explores the possibilities of recognizing classical dance mudras in various dance forms in India. The images of hand mudras of various classical dances are collected form the internet and a database is created for this job. Histogram of oriented (HOG) features of hand mudras input the classifier. Support vector machine (SVM) classifies the HOG features into mudras as text messages. The mudra recognition frequency (MRF) is calculated for each mudra using graphical user interface (GUI) developed from the model. Popular feature vectors such as SIFT, SURF, LBP and HAAR are tested against HOG for precision and swiftness. This work helps new learners and dance enthusiastic people to learn and understand dance forms and related information on their mobile devices.
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WATANABE, Hiroki. "Mudra of Pañcatattva." JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 43, no. 2 (1995): 1046–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.43.1046.
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K., Murygeswara. "Benefits of Mudra." Journal of Indian Studies 10 (May 10, 2013): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jis.sp2013no1.18.
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Widiatmika, Ida Bagus Catur Aba, I. Made Girinata, and I. Gede Suwantana. "GERAK MUDRA SULINGGIH SIWA DALAM UPACARA DEWA YADNYA." Pangkaja: Jurnal Agama Hindu 25, no. 2 (November 23, 2022): 146–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/pjah.v25i2.2024.
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Sulinggih in carrying out the Mudra sometimes has the same meaning but the form is different. The uniqueness of the mudra movement is strongly influenced by the aguron - guron line. This work descriptively describes Shiva's sulinggih mudra which is practiced during the implementation of Dewa Yadnya. The rhythmic movement of the mudra can carry Sulinggih's soul to Shiva at the time of the Dewa Yadnya ceremony. The stages and forms of mudra have a deep meaning and function, starting from the Akasa Mudra Movement to the Tangkep Hand Movement and the Hredaya Mudra. The energy of the mudra at the time of the dewa yadnya ceremony is able to synergize or synchronize the energies between planets. Spiritually the form and movement of each type of mudra will be related to the form and energy of one of the dewatas as a manifestation of God. Therefore, this mudra energy came to be known as manik secap asta gina, meaning that through the hands everything will be realized. The mudra of Sulinggih Shivat is closely related to Yantra (in the form of offerings), Mantra (puja), and Mudra in the process of purification of the Bhuana Agung.
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Bagchi, Tista. "The Signing System of Mudra in Traditional Indian Dance." Paragrana 19, no. 1 (November 2010): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/para.2010.0017.
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AbstractBody language involving manual gestures of a highly stylized nature is used in traditional Indian dance forms. Termed Mudras, such gestures are related to but distinct from Mudras in Buddhist and/or Tantric iconography and in Carnatic music of Southern India. The Mudra signs in dance occur in families or classes, which often cut across the basic dichotomy between combined-hand and separate-hand gestures, and which reflect linguistic and sociolinguistic classes of words and signs, such as question expressions and hierarchically differentiated pronouns, used in the domain of language. However, the Mudra signing system is also combined with facial mime or acting illustrative of different feelings such as romantic love, mirth, anger, disgust, fear, and sadness, to yield a richly communicative and dynamic aesthetic in Indian dance forms.
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Setiyawan, Dwi Dharma, I. Ketut Gunarta, and Anggy Paramitha Sari. "Prosesi Tari Nata Mudra Karana dalam Upacara Melasti di Pantai Balekambang Kabupaten Malang (Perspektif Teologi Hindu)." Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi 13, no. 2 (September 30, 2022): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/sphatika.v13i2.2213.
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Nata Mudra Karana dance is a sacred art in Malang RegencyThis happens because this dance has adopted many sacred pandita mudra movements and is believed to have holy spirit energy. Therefore, this research becomes very important in order to reveal the Nata Mudra Karana Dance Procession in the Melasti Di Ceremony Balekambang Beach, Malang Regency and its influence on Hindus in Malang Regency. This research reveals the form of function and meaning contained in the Nata Mudra Karana Dance.
The theory used in this research is Religious Theory to examine the formulation of the first problem. Functional Structural Theory ( Talcott Parsons ) to examine the formulation of the second problem. Symbol Theory and Aesthetic Theory to examine the formulation of the third problem. This type of research is qualitative with Hindu theological approach.
The result of this research is the procession of Nata Mudra Karana Dance starting from the form of staging, preparation of infrastructure, place and time of implementation and procession of Nata Mudra Karana Dance. The Nata Mudra Karana dance has the following functions : (1) Religious function (2) Social function (3) Cultural preservation function (4) Entertainment function. The meanings contained in the Nata Mudra Karana Dance procession are (1) Theological meaning of the color element of the Nata Mudra Karana Dance (2) Theological meaning of the elements of the Nata Mudra Karana Dance movement form and (3) Socio-cultural meaning of Nata Mudra Karana Dance.
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Bharti, Urmila, and Manisha Verma. "Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana." Journal of Business Management and Information Systems 10, no. 1 (May 20, 2023): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.48001/jbmis.2023.1001007.
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The setting up of Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana and MUDRA attempted to fill or reduce the financial crisis in the micro enterprises to stimulate economic development. MUDRA has been aimed at administering a common platform to both banks and tiny enterprises customers and plays a significant role by bringing them together to this platform. It has been set up as a refinancing institution. Its main goal is to provide mudra loans up to Rs 10,00,000 to the micro enterprises through last mile financiers, so that they can start or expand their businesses. Its primary goal is to refinance various last-mile financial institutions that support the growth of small businesses in the non-corporate sector by lending money to them. These last mile financial institutions include NBFCs, Regional Rural Banks, Commercial Banks, Small Finance Banks, and MFIs. These institutions provide funds to the small business sector which is involved in manufacturing, trading, and Agri-allied activities. The borrower can approach to any of financial institution to get the benefit of mudra loans and to serve the purpose of their existence.
Mudra scheme helps millions of small borrowers who were facing the acute financial shortage due to numerous reasons and were striving hard to get the financial assistance for starting or expanding their business activities. In this study, an effort has been made to use statistical methods like mean, coefficient of variation, and trend analysis to examine the category-wise performance of various mudra loans during a six-year period, from 2016–17 to 2021–22. The analysis is based on secondary information that was obtained from the MUDRA official website. The interpretation of the figures for the study period indicates that among the three main categories of Mudra Loans, Shishu Loan Scheme has captured the largest share in terms of number of accounts as well as in terms of amount sanctioned followed by Kishore and Tarun Loans. Since its origin, over a period of seven years of operations i.e., from 2015-16 to 2021-22, PMMY has benefitted in aggregate approximately 34.92 crore loan account holders of micro enterprise segment by administering an aggregate amount of 18.90 crore.
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Sinarsari, Ni Made, and I. Wayan Nerta. "MISTISISME MUDRA: RAGAM GERAKAN SPRITUALITAS DALAM DUNIA KESEHATAN." Sanjiwani: Jurnal Filsafat 13, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/sanjiwani.v13i1.1009.
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Mudra sebagai sikap mistik, ritual atau simbolis yang dipraktikkan dari zaman yang sangat tua dalam Buddhisme, Hindu dan budaya timur lainnya. Mudra panggilan untuk keterlibatn seluruh tubuh dilakukan dengan menggunakan jari – jari kedua tangan dan tangan. Setiap jari dihubungkan dengan makna yang khusus dan energi. Jari – jari terdapat lima unsur yaitu udara, air, api, bumi, langit. Mudra memfasilitasi harmonisasi dari lima elemen dalam tubuh manusia. Mudra meningkatkan jiwa manusia dan mendorong individu untukmenggunakan kekuatan ilahi. Mudra dalam polarisasi gerakan spritual sebagai sikap emosional, kebaktian, psikis dan estetika melalui gerakan yang bervariasi dilakukan secara teratur, tubuh akan mendapatkan manfaat kesehatan yang mengagumkan.
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Ni Made Adnyani. "Mudra Dewata Nava Saṅga: Komunikasi Non-Verbal dalam Tradisi Watukaru." Jurnal Yoga dan Kesehatan 6, no. 1 (April 20, 2023): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/jyk.v6i1.2368.
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Komunikasi nonverbal berupa gerak tangan sudah digunakan oleh manusia sejak ribuan tahun. Sebelum bahasa dikembangkan dan sebelum munculnya tulisan, gerakan tangan adalah salah satu cara interaksi manusia. Oleh karenanya dalam artefak sejarah diberbagai peradaban dan agama di seluruh dunia gerakan tangan memainkan peran dominan. Saat memilih penelitian ini, penulis berfokus pada bentuk mudra dewata nava saṅga dan makna simbolisnya sebagai komunikasi non-verbal dalam berhubungan dengan para dewa. Penelitian mengenai mudra sebagai komunikasi non-verbal dalam tradisi watukaru ini, menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif yang berfokus pada fenomena sosial, pemberian suara pada perasaan dan persepsi dari partisipan. Prosedur penelitian yang dilakukan menghasilkan data deskriptif yang meliputi kalimat dan gambar yang bersumber dari objek penelitian. Proses analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data di lapangan model Miles and Huberman. Aktivitas dalam analisis data, yaitu data reduction, data display, dan conclusion drawing/verification. Dalam agama Hindu, gerakan tangan (mudra) dianggap sebagai gerakan suci yang mewakili berbagai dewa dan manifestasinya. Mudra dewata nawa saṅga dalam tradisi pasraman Seruling Dewata, Watukaru Bali ini sangat unik karena bentuknya merupakan kombinasi hasta mudra dan kaya mudra. Mudra dewata nava saṅga ini dipraktikkan setiap hari secara berbeda bergantung kepada dewa yang beryoga pada hari tersebut. Mudra dewata nava saṅga ini dipraktikkan dengan mengucapkan stava sebanyak urip (jumlah nilai) dari dewa yang dipuja. Gesture tangan dalam posisi meditasi ini menjadi media berkomunikasi dengan para dewa untuk menyeimbangkan organ vital dalam tubuh dengan alam semesta yang penjadi stana dari setiap dewa. Kontribusi teoritis maupun praktis dari penelitian deskriptif kualitatif mengenai mudra dewata nava saṅga ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi sebagai dasar pertimbangan, pendukung, dan sumbangan pemikiran kepada para praktisi yoga maupun para sadhaka dalam latihan sadhana rutin yang dilaksanakan. Penelitian mengenai mudra dewata nava saṅga juga perlu terus di kembangkan oleh peneliti lain.
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Raikar, Gurudatt. "Brief Case Study of PMMY Scheme in Karnataka." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): 1931–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39637.
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Abstract: Small industries and start ups play an important role in raising the standard of living of our people, especially in rural areas of India. With the right support and resources, these MSMEs can add value to our country's economic condition. The current government has introduced various policies to encourage these MSMEs, namely MUDRA (Micro Unit Development and Refinancing Authority) which is another important step to ensure that these MSMEs . Mudra encourages people to become entrepreneurs and improve their livelihoods. This has enough money to finance these units. The paper highlights various small industries related to MUDRA and how MUDRA has helped increase their performance over the past three years in Karnataka. Keywords: MUDRA, GDP, MSMES GOI
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B, Pavithra, and Sharma G. V. M. "Role of MUDRA Yojana in financing women entrepreneurs in India." BOHR International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research 2, no. 1 (2023): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.54646/bijsshr.2023.31.
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After agriculture, microenterprises are a major economic segment that provides large employment opportunities. According to the 2021–2021 annual report for MSMEs [micro, small, and medium enterprises], there were 630.52 lakhs of microenterprises, 1076.19 lakhs of people gained employment opportunities, and 30.27% to India’s GDP came from these microenterprises. Microfinance is the tool to reduce poverty and income inequality and to provide financial services for self-employment opportunities to underprivileged citizens in both rural and urban areas. To promote gender equality and entrepreneurial spirit, it is necessary to finance women’s empowerment. PMMY [Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana] and MUDRA [Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency Ltd.] by the Government of India aims at providing financial support to the NCSBS [Non-Corporate Small Business Sector]. Usually these sectors operate as unregistered enterprises and are not covered under taxation, and they face a lack of financial support from banks and other financial institutions. MSE borrower accounts stood at 5.37 crore rupees, with a financial support of 32.14 crore rupees as of 2021– 2022. MUDRA provides refinance to microenterprises through various financial institutions like private sector banks, public sector banks, co-operatives, and MFIs [Micro Finance Institutions]. This article aims to understand the background of MUDRA Yojana, the activities covered, the schemes under MUDRA Yojana, and the overall performance of MUDRA Yojana in financing women entrepreneurs in India. MUDRA has come up with various digital supports that enable the entrepreneurs to access various financial needs.
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S., Jayashree. "Effectiveness of Mudra Loan in Southern Kerala." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 12, SP4 (March 31, 2020): 1794–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v12sp4/20201664.
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S, Kalimuthu. "The Grand Lemurrian Siva Sakthi Maha Mudra." International Journal of Pharmacognosy & Chinese Medicine 6, no. 1 (2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ipcm-16000228.
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The substratum of the Vedas and the Upanishads is that Lord Shiva is static and his counterpart Paarvathi who is also called Sakthi is His consort. It is generally believed that Lord Shiva is Adi Yogi. In the Indian Santana Dharma which also called Truth the yogic practices are inseparable and also indispensable. That is the marvelous beauty of yogic techniques. That’s why in the great Indian epic Mahabharata Lord Krishna tells Arjuna that He created this Universe with His Yoga Maya. All the Indian traditional spiritual knowledge were transmitted and taught to the Seers by Lord Shiva. The yogic asanas help the performers to sit properly for meditation. Prayer is outward appeal to Gods and Goddesses whereas the meditation is PURELY inner travelling. Prayer requires a deity but meditation does not need any Gods. The proper meditation leads the practitioner to Nirvikalpa Samadhi. In the Indian spiritual systems there are hearing, studying, watching and learning. Reading and learning are not at all similar or identical. The main thing is that even learning is not sufficient to attain spiritual peace, bliss and enlightenment. Some meditations are difficult to perform. In this work, the author unlocks the mysteries and instant benefits of the Grand Lemurriaan Siva Sakthi Maha Mudra which was kept very secret by the Sages till this day
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Khan, Hiba, Firoz Husain, and Syed Shahid Mazhar. "Exploring the Preferences of Female Entrepreneurs for MUDRA Yojana: A Statistical Analysis." International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope 05, no. 02 (2024): 754–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2024.v05i02.0634.
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The study examines the preferences of female entrepreneurs for the MUDRA Yojana, a government scheme that supports small and micro-businesses owned by women. The analysis uses statistical tools such as Cross Tabulation and the ChiSquare Test to explore the relationship between MUDRA Yojana awareness and the status of women entrepreneurs in their businesses. The results indicate a preference for the MUDRA Yojana among female entrepreneurs, with statistical significance. Although the study has limitations such as reliance on self-reported data and a cross-sectional design, it provides valuable insights into female entrepreneurs' preferences for government schemes. To enhance understanding and implementation of such schemes, it is important to encourage knowledge exchange and stakeholder participation. The findings emphasize the significance of promoting awareness of financial inclusion through the MUDRA Yojana, which can contribute to policy formulation and women's economic empowerment initiatives. Further research could explore sectorspecific preferences and the long-term impact of the MUDRA Yojana on women entrepreneurs' financial inclusion and empowerment, while addressing emerging challenges and opportunities in entrepreneurship
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Bharti, Urmila, and Rajanikant Verma. "Mudra Loan Disbursement Among Different Social Groups." Journal of Business Management and Information Systems 10, no. 02 (August 30, 2023): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.48001/jbmis.2023.1002002.
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Indian banking and financial system work as a catalyst to this growth trajectory. To strengthen the micro business segment, a feather has been added under the aegis of GOI in the year 2015 to the formal lending system in the form of MUDRA. It has been a milepost accomplishment in the financial inclusion panorama. Through this system, the endeavour is to bring all the sectors into mainstream and to make financial services available to all the sectors. MUDRA provides different categories and sub-categories of formal loans at a low rate of interest according to the needs and requirements of startups and other micro enterprise units. MUDRA loans have been instrumental in providing financial support to individuals from various social groups, promoting inclusivity and empowerment. It addresses the lack of access to formal credit for individuals from different social groups, who often face difficulties in obtaining loans from traditional banking institutions due to various reasons such as lack of collateral, low income, or limited credit history. It offers customized loan products designed to cater to the specific needs and requirements of small and micro enterprises. MUDRA Credit is accompanied by various support mechanisms such as capacity building, skill development, and business mentoring. These initiatives help borrowers enhance their entrepreneurial skills, manage their businesses effectively, and improve their chances of success.
It is important to note that MUDRA loans are not limited to any specific social group. They are available to individuals from all social groups who meet the eligibility criteria. The loans have been designed to cater to the diverse needs and aspirations of entrepreneurs across different social backgrounds, facilitating their access to formal credit and promoting entrepreneurship at the grassroots level. The present study utilizes the secondary data including government reports, surveys, and scholarly articles, and case studies, to provide an in-depth understanding of the sub-categories within the Mudra Yojana framework to assess the effectiveness and inclusivity of the Mudra Yojana in reaching marginalized communities. The study period is six years from 2016-17 to 2021-22. The Shishu category recorded the highest number of accounts i.e., 26,70,67,119 along with highest loan disbursement of Rs. 7,31,706.97 among all the categories. The study shows continuous growth among all the sub-categories (except in OBC in Shishu Loans) in all the Mudra Loans Schemes.
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Benito, M. I., and V. Walbot. "Characterization of the maize Mutator transposable element MURA transposase as a DNA-binding protein." Molecular and Cellular Biology 17, no. 9 (September 1997): 5165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.17.9.5165.
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The autonomous MuDR element of the Mutator (Mu) transposable element family of maize encodes at least two proteins, MURA and MURB. Based on amino acid sequence similarity, previous studies have reported that MURA is likely to be a transposase. The functional characterization of MURA has been hindered by the instability of its cDNA, mudrA, in Escherichia coli. In this study, we report the first successful stabilization and expression of MURA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gel mobility shift assays demonstrate that MURA is a DNA-binding protein that specifically binds to sequences within the highly conserved Mu element terminal inverted repeats (TIRs). DNase I and 1,10-phenanthroline-copper footprinting of MURA-Mu1 TIR complexes indicate that MURA binds to a conserved approximately 32-bp region in the TIR of Mu1. In addition, MURA can bind to the same region in the TIRs of all tested actively transposing Mu elements but binds poorly to the diverged Mu TIRs of inactive elements. Previous studies have reported a correlation between Mu transposon inactivation and methylation of the Mu element TIRs. Gel mobility shift assays demonstrate that MURA can interact differentially with unmethylated, hemimethylated, and homomethylated TIR substrates. The significance of MURA's interaction with the TIRs of Mu elements is discussed in the context of what is known about the regulation and mechanisms of Mutator activities in maize.
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Sinarsari, Ni Made. "Samana Vayu Mudra Dengan Intensitas Kejadian Perut Kembung Pada Lanjut Usia." Widya Kesehatan 5, no. 2 (October 26, 2023): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32795/widyakesehatan.v5i2.4827.
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Perut kembung sering dialami oleh lanjut usia (lansia). Lansia terjadi penurunan secara fisiologis pada organ dalam tubuh. Konsumsi makanan yang sedikit serat, aktifitas yang kurang, pola makan serta pola istirahat berpengaruh terhadap intensitas kejadian perut kembung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melakukan analisa keterkaitan antara intentitas kejadian perut kembung pada lansia dengan samana vayu mudra. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional dengan populasi semua lansia yang mengalami perut kembung di Banjar Nyuh Kuning,
Mas, Ubud, Gianyar, Bali. Jumlah total sampel yang mengalami perut kembung sebanyak 34 responden, dengan ketentuan purposive sampling. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah samana vayu
mudra dan intensitas perut kembung. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen penelitian yaitu
kuisioner. Analisa data mempergunakan uji korelasi spearmans rho. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan 34 lansia yang mengalami keluhan perut kembung, setelah melakukan latihan samana vayu mudra selama 15 menit setiap 2 jam sebelum dan sesudah makan dalam kurun waktu 6 bulan penelitian. Berdasarkan analisis hasil uji statistik, menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara latihan samana vayu mudra dengan intensitas perut kembung pada lansia. Simpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah latihan samana vayu mudra yang dilakukan secara teratur, terukur, terarah berhubungan dengan intensitas kejadian perut kembung pada lansia.
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Kavipriya, K. C. "Mudra (shishu) – an effective scheme in startups." Journal of Management and Science 9, no. 4 (December 30, 2019): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2019.28.
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Economic Development of a country depends upon the individual development; Creation of more Employment opportunities is the right way to strengthen our Economy. By way of strengthening Small scale units, ultimately more people will get Employment. More over Small scale Industries required less amount of Capital. These are the main reasons to start the scheme MUDRA. The scheme MUDRA was launched in the year 2015 by Government of India. In India most of the people are depending upon small scale businesses as their source of livelihood. Most of the individuals depend on un-organised sectors for loans and other credit facilities which have high rate of interest along with unbearable terms and conditions. Ultimately it will lead these poor people to fall in debts. This paper is an attempt to educate the readers about MUDRA Yojana.
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Bosco, Mr K. Jithin, and B. Sudha. "Government Scheme And Its Effects On Banking Sector – A Study Focusing The Mudra Loan Scheme." Restaurant Business 118, no. 8 (August 9, 2019): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/rb.v118i8.7684.
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The article deals with the recent Government scheme with special focus on the Mudra Scheme. The researcher is analysing the effect of the recent MUDRA scheme of the Government on the Banking sector. Many times the Government are forming and implementing various developmental schemes to uplift the weaker sections of the society and almost all schemes are implementing through the banking sector. Hence the researcher makes a study on the MUDRA scheme and its relevance in the present banking structure in India and its merits and de merits. And also suggest methods to improve the scheme.
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Satsangi, Neetu Singh. "System Dynamics Modelling for Assessment of Mudra Scheme in Socio-Economic Sustainable Development of India." Asian Journal of Managerial Science 9, no. 1 (May 5, 2020): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajms-2020.9.1.1631.
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India facing two major problems has been unemployment and poverty, to tackle these problems Indian government putting especial emphasis on entrepreneurship development. Pradhan Mantri MUDRA scheme or PMMY initiated by government in this favour. PMMY launch in 2015 with objective to provide financial support to non-farm enterprise. The scheme synergizes with other schemes like national rural livelihoods mission, make in India and credit guarantee fund for micro units to fulfil the individual scheme objectives with MUDRA scheme. In this paper system dynamics modelling has been applied for the assessment of MUDRA scheme in socio-economic sustainable development of India. The causal loop diagram drawn based on that stock flow diagram has been constructed. Research is descriptive in nature and it is covered the time span of ten years. It is based on the secondary data which is collected from official websites, government reports, journals and newspaper. From the result it could be concluded MUDRA scheme substantially contributing to socio-economic sustainable development of India.
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Agarwal, Manish, and Ritesh Dwivedi. "Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojna:A Critical Review." Parikalpana: KIIT Journal of Management 13, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.23862/kiit-parikalpana/2017/v13/i2/164524.
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SARASWAT, NAMAN, and SANDEEP KUMAR. "EFFECT OF APANA MUDRA AND PRANA MUDRA ON RESTING HEART AND BREATHING RATE AMONG YOUNG ADULTS." SDES-International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 2, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.47997/sdes-ijir/2.2.2021.173-179.
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Waluyo, Waluyo, I. Wayan Suka Yasa, and I. Gusti Bagus Wirawan. "Makna Fungsi Pañcatathāgata di Candi Bubrah." JANUS 1, no. 2 (December 20, 2023): 135–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/janus.9848.
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The pañcatathāgata statues at Candi Bubrah are functionally valuable in the large structure of the temple as a maṇḍala. The symbolic and semiotic dimensions of the pañcatathāgata archaelogical artifact at Candi Bubrah, which represent the objects of meditation in the stages of achieving Buddhahood, need to be studied. This research aims to describe the doctrinal reasons behind the presence of the pañcatathāgata in Candi Bubrah; analyze their function in meditation practices; and explain the significance of these function for the achievement of Liberation. Peirce’s trichotomy relations analysis and Strauss’s structuralism approach with qualitative methods are used to examine the material objects of this study. The pañcatathāgata at Candi Bubrah serves as a guide in practicing Buddhist meditation. The meditative functions of the pañcatathāgata statues, each with its own characteristics, as objects of meditation for the development of tranquility, are as follows: Akṣobhya, representing the bhūśparsa mudra, the east, the blue element, the vajra symbol, the physical element, rejection, mirror-like knowledge; Ratnasambhava, with the varada mudra, the south, the yellow element, the jewel, perception, arrogance, knowledge of equality; Amitābha, reflected by the samādhi mudra, the west, the red element, the lotus, the forms of the mind, greed, knowledge of differentiation; Amoghasiddhi, with the characteristic of the abhaya mudra, the north, the green element, the viśvavajra, the knower, jealousy, knowledge of attainment; and Vairocana, with the dharmacakra mudra, the center, the white element, the wheel, feelings, misunderstanding, knowledge of what is. The meditative functions of the pañcatathāgata statues, which represent mental qualities, significantly lead someone to Liberation.
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Waluyo, Waluyo, I. Wayan Suka Yasa, and I. Gusti Bagus Wirawan. "Makna Fungsi Pañcatathāgata di Candi Bubrah." JANUS 1, no. 2 (December 20, 2023): 135–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/janus.v1i2.9848.
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The pañcatathāgata statues at Candi Bubrah are functionally valuable in the large structure of the temple as a maṇḍala. The symbolic and semiotic dimensions of the pañcatathāgata archaelogical artifact at Candi Bubrah, which represent the objects of meditation in the stages of achieving Buddhahood, need to be studied. This research aims to describe the doctrinal reasons behind the presence of the pañcatathāgata in Candi Bubrah; analyze their function in meditation practices; and explain the significance of these function for the achievement of Liberation. Peirce’s trichotomy relations analysis and Strauss’s structuralism approach with qualitative methods are used to examine the material objects of this study. The pañcatathāgata at Candi Bubrah serves as a guide in practicing Buddhist meditation. The meditative functions of the pañcatathāgata statues, each with its own characteristics, as objects of meditation for the development of tranquility, are as follows: Akṣobhya, representing the bhūśparsa mudra, the east, the blue element, the vajra symbol, the physical element, rejection, mirror-like knowledge; Ratnasambhava, with the varada mudra, the south, the yellow element, the jewel, perception, arrogance, knowledge of equality; Amitābha, reflected by the samādhi mudra, the west, the red element, the lotus, the forms of the mind, greed, knowledge of differentiation; Amoghasiddhi, with the characteristic of the abhaya mudra, the north, the green element, the viśvavajra, the knower, jealousy, knowledge of attainment; and Vairocana, with the dharmacakra mudra, the center, the white element, the wheel, feelings, misunderstanding, knowledge of what is. The meditative functions of the pañcatathāgata statues, which represent mental qualities, significantly lead someone to Liberation.
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Višaticki, Karlo. "Mirjam i Abigajila - dvije mudre starozavjetne žene." Bogoslovska smotra 91, no. 2 (2021): 359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.53745/bs.91.2.7.
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Prilog u uvodu donosi razmižljanja o biblijskoj starozavjetnoj mudrosti. Jedna cijela skupina starozavjetnih spisa ima karakter mudrosnih ili sapijencijalnih spisa, bilo da je riječ o hebrejskom bilo o katoličkom kanonu nadahnutih spisa. Cijeli je niz starozavjetnih likova koji pripadaju kategoriji mudraca. Riječ je o praktičnoj mudrosti koja je potrebna za razborito upravljanje vlastitim životom, ali u nekim slučajevima i životom vlastite obitelji, plemena, pa čak i cijelog izraelskog naroda. Pored markantnih likova kao što je Josip egipatski, kralj David ili kralj Salomon prilog spominje i »mudre žene«, kao što su to Estera ili Judita, a onda nešto detaljnije obrađuje dva starozavjetna lika: Mirjam i Abigajilu. Mirjam, prema biblijskim izvješćima, ima važnu ulogu u spašavanju svojeg brata Mojsija od sigurne smrti, a i kasnije se profilira kao mudra žena i proročica. Abigajila je najprije supruga Nabala, karakterno vrlo grube i teške osobe, veleposjednika s Karmela. U mogućem sukobu između Davida, koji je još uvijek lutalica, ali u fazi uspona na kraljevsku vlast, Abigajila reagira vrlo mudro, razborito, te na taj način izbjegava direktan sukob Davidovih momaka s Nabalom i moguću veliku tragediju.
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Ali, M. S., and V. S. Kaveri. "MUDRA Loans-An Analysis for Future Lending." Journal of Commerce and Management Thought 10, no. 3 (2019): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-478x.2019.00020.x.
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Tomazova, N. M. "Polish theater actress Наnna Mudra: biographical research." Ukraïnsʹka bìografìstika, no. 14 (December 28, 2016): 106–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ub.14.106.
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Gautam, Ajay. "Prime Minister Mudra Yojana and Economic Development of India." Jindal Journal of Public Policy 4, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.54945/jjpp.v4i1.143.
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A large part of the Indian population lives in the rural areas of the nation and is excluded from the financial services available in the urban areas. Many people in India do not have access to farmland despite India being an agriculture-dominant country. Owing to limited job opportunities, most of the people are left to their own devices to earn a livelihood. Moreover, many such people belong to scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other backward classes, who lack proper education, training and financial support. They initiate a micro enterprise or any retail trading activity, which has the potential to expand and grow. If this potential could be harnessed with some guidance, financial support, and training, it could be a huge milestone in the economic growth of the country. The Honourable Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi recognized the potential of the under-privileged section of the society and launched this Mudra scheme. This scheme has the potential to be a game changer; it can boost a whole new generation of entrepreneurs who can succeed.
Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana or Prime Minister Mudra scheme aims to provide financial support to micro/small entrepreneurs by meeting their credit aspirations and by offering an opportunity to grow and expand business. In the Union Budget of 2015-16, the Mudra scheme was proposed by the Finance Minister of India. The primary goal is to “fund the unfunded”, banks are required to provide hassle-free loans under this scheme as per the requirements of the borrower. The end users of this scheme are entrepreneurs in rural hinterlands, women entrepreneurs, micro manufacturers, artisans, small-scale businessmen and tradesmen. This study is primarily focused on analyzing the pros and cons of this scheme in order to analyze its impact on the economic development of the country. The methodology of the study will be based on empirical reviews that are based on the available literature related to the Prime Minister Mudra Scheme. It will focus on understanding the usefulness of the scheme to the citizens.
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Shyam, Dr Keshav. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANK (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MUDRA YOJANA)." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, no. 12 (December 21, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem27672.
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Government of India (GoI) launches various financing schemes for promoting Medium and Small Enterprises (MSMEs). One such scheme is MUDRA Yojana and loan under this Yojana is called MUDRA loan. This Yojana is performing well as amount of loan sanctioned in it rising year by year. But the matter of concern is along with it the NPA of bank relating to this scheme is continuously rising. The NPA of public sector bank is more in comparison of private sector bank in context to this Yojana. So, in this paper a comparative study of public and private sector banks on different parameters such as credit appraisal, monitoring and credit risk management in respect of MUDRA Yojana has been done. It is an analytical research based on primary data. In order to find out significance level factor analysis has been applied. The result of study shows that there is no considerable difference between above stated parameters among the sampled sectors bank. Keywords: MUDRA Yojana, credit appraisal, monitoring and credit risk management. Introduction Banks are financial institution which deals with mainly two functions first accepting deposit and secondly lending money i.e. granting loan. The function of granting loan is most crucial function of banks as it involves risk. Risk of nonpayment of loan called as credit risk and managing this risk is called credit risk management. Banks grant loans for various purposes either on individual demand or under government schemes. On individual demand bank faces less credit risk as they can deny granting of loan if they found that loan is uncovered by guarantee or if bank’s grant loans then on its own favorable term and condition but in case of government sanctioned schemes banks are bound to issue loan on the features or conditions government has launched. The features or conditions of government schemes are public favorable rather than banks favorable. One such government scheme is MUDRA Yojana launched in April 8, 2015 with the purpose of financing micro small and medium enterprises so that income as well as employment can be generated. In this Yojana MUDRA loan is given under 3 categories
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Tiwari, Akanksha, and Alok Shrotriya. "Divine Expressions in Pala Art: Sculptures of Transcendence with special reference to Buddhist minor Deities." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 8, no. 11 (November 14, 2023): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n11.024.
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The art and iconography of the sculptures from the Pala period (8th to 12th centuries CE) in India represent a significant phase in the evolution of Buddhist and Hindu art. The Pala dynasty, which ruled over parts of present-day India and Bangladesh, was a patron of both Buddhist and Brahmanical traditions, and their art reflects a fusion of influences. This paper attempts to explore the key features and themes of sculptures from the Pala period with special reference to Buddhist minor deities. Pala period sculptures are known for their graceful and fluid style, characterized by soft contours and sensuous curves. This style is often referred to as the "Pala-Sena" style. The sculptures exude a sense of serenity and elegance, whether depicting Buddhist or Hindu deities. Buddhist sculptures from this era frequently depict the Buddha in various postures and mudras (hand gestures). The Buddha is often shown in the Dharmachakra Pravartana mudra (teaching pose) or the Bhumisparsha mudra (earth-touching pose). Bodhisattvas, Avalokiteshvara, Tara, and Manjushri are common subjects in Pala Buddhist art. These figures are portrayed with distinctive attributes and symbols that represent their qualities and attributes. The sculptures often include intricate detailing of jewelry, garments, and hairstyle, reflecting the rich artistic sensibilities of the period.
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Mohan Singh, Hari, Chingshubam Jibanlata Devi, and Group A. "A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MAHASIRS MUDRA TO RELIEVE HEADACHE AMONG HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS AT SELECTED HOSPITALS OF GANDHINAGAR." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 10 (October 31, 2023): 410–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/17721.
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A experimental study was conducted to assess effectiveness of Mahasirs Mudra on healthcare professionals at selected hospitals of Gandhinagar. TheVisual Analog Pain Scale was usedas conceptual framework. A quantitative approach with one pretest posttest study design wasusedtoachievetheobjectivesof thestudy.Thesampleconsistedof50fromselectedhospitalsof. TheSystematic samplingtechniquewas usedtocollectthesample.In theexperimental group the mean of pretest was 4.08 with standard deviation 1.51 and post test mean was 3.6 with standard deviation1.68. Thecalculatedt value was 6.31 where as table value is 2 in 0.05 levelwhich shows highly significant. So, the Mahasirs Mudra was effective on hypertensive headache among healthcare professionals.
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Taneja, MK. "Bhramari (Shanmukhi Mudra) Pranayama in presbyacusis and dementia." Indian Journal of Otology 22, no. 3 (2016): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-7749.187985.
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Sonu and Mandeep Singh. "Mudra: As a helping hand for new entrepreneurs." Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR) 8, no. 4 (2019): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2278-4853.2019.00145.9.
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Dave, Ankit, Yogesh Bhumkar, Abin Abraham, and Rekha Sugandhi. "Project Mudra: Personalization of Computers using Natural Interface." International Journal of Computer Applications 54, no. 17 (September 25, 2012): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/8662-2536.
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Riddhi Mirajkar, Et al. "Hast Mudra: Hand Sign Gesture Recognition Using LSTM." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, no. 10 (November 2, 2023): 516–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i10.8516.
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Even though using the most natural way of communication is sign language, deaf and mute people find it challenging to socialize. A language barrier is erected between regular people and D&M individuals due to the structure of sign language, which is distinct from text. They converse by using vision-based communication as a result. The gestures can be easily understood by others if there is a standard interface that transforms sign language to visible text. As a result, R&D has been done on a vision-based interface system that will allow D&M persons to communicate without understanding one another's languages. In this project, first gathered and acquired data and created a dataset, after which extracting useful data from the images. Keywords After verification and trained data and model using the (LSTM) algorithm, TensorFlow, and Keras technology, classified the gestures according to alphabet. Using our own dataset, this system achieved an accuracy of around 86.75% in an experimental test. system uses the (LSTM) algorithm to process images and data.
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Barros, Miriam Regina Xavier de, and Amarylis Zaldua Triana. "Uso de mudras terapêuticos na redução da dor e no controle da pressão arterial." Revista Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade 7 (June 22, 2012): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc7(1)628.
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Introdução: Mudras são gestos realizados com as mãos na prática de Hatha Yoga, que contribuem para a realização de asanas, pranayamas e meditação. Os mudras são também utilizados na medicina ayurvédica. Os efeitos terapêuticos dos mudras são pouco conhecidos no ocidente, porém são muito utilizados na Índia em hospitais ayurvédicos. Na visão ayurvédica, o corpo humano é percorrido por milhares de meridianos de energia, denominados nadis, sendo que um grande número destes começa ou termina nas mãos. Estes canais de energia foram fisicamente identificados e são denominados dutos de Bonghan. Estes dutos foram mapeados e foi confirmada a existência de uma rede de canais correspondente aos meridianos de energia. A prática dos mudras permite unir as pontas destes meridianos, estabelecendo um circuito contínuo para que a energia possa fluir de forma equilibrada no corpo. Assim, os mudras permitem a eliminação de bloqueios de energia, trazendo saúde e bem estar ao seu praticante. Dependendo das partes das mãos e dos dedos que se tocam, um ou mais meridianos são ativados, promovendo alívio ou melhoria em um aspecto específico da saúde. Objetivos: Avaliação do efeito do mudraMukula na redução da dor e de desconfortos físicos e do mudraApanaVayu no controle da pressão arterial. Método: Para a avaliação do Mukula, selecionamos pacientes que manifestavam algum tipo de dor. O mudra foi aplicado pelo terapeuta ou pelo próprio paciente na região dolorida. A dor foi avaliada em uma escala de 1 a 5 antes e depois da aplicação. O tempo de aplicação foi determinado pelo paciente, até melhoria dos sintomas. Para avaliação do ApanaVayu, os pacientes hipertensos realizaram o mudra e a pressão foi medida antes e após a prática. Resultados: Todos os 23 pacientes relataram redução ou supressão da dor após a aplicação do Mukula. Em alguns casos houve um período de agravamento ou modificação do desconforto, seguido de redução da dor. O tempo de aplicação não excedeu 15 minutos. No uso do ApanaVayu em hipertensos, houve redução da pressão em 15 vezes que foi utilizado para os 4 pacientes avaliados, chegando sempre a um nível normal de pressão. A redução foi de até 30 mmHg. Conclusão: O equilíbrio dos fluxos de energia no corpo através da prática dos mudras é um método efetivo para alívio da dor e redução da pressão arterial, além de trazer um aumento da tranquilidade ao paciente. A prática de mudras promove o autocuidado e o aprimoramento da autopercepção.
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Shrestha, Arun. "Caryā of Padasādhana – A Vajrayāna Ritual." SIRJANĀ – A Journal on Arts and Art Education 7, no. 1 (September 21, 2021): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sirjana.v7i1.39341.
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Padasādhana ritual or caryā is an alphabet of vajrayāna religion represented by twenty eight caryāgīti forming a major structure of the ritual performed. All the caryāgīti enacted during the ceremony is a climbing of steps one by one culminating in vajrapada. Construction of maņđala, utterance of mantra and formation of mudra in course of worships are the pillars on which edifice of salvation is built. All the worships are based on maņđala, mudra and mantra. What transpires for spiritual emancipation is through gītī or song and nŗtya or dance which is meant for visualization and ultimate realization of the set goal of the vajrayāna religion that is Buddhahood or Nirvāņa.
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Gupta, Sumit Kumar, Kedar Nath Matho, and Niraj Dhar Dubey. "Role of MUDRA Yojana in Promotion of Financial Inclusion in Jharkhand." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-1, Issue-6 (October 31, 2017): 1085–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd5791.
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Sedyawati, Edi. "MUDRA UN VISUAL AIND PERFORMING ARTS: Codes for Expression." Sabda : Jurnal Kajian Kebudayaan 1, no. 1 (February 3, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/sabda.v1i1.13225.
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Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas kode-kode visual da/am seni selama Periode Jawa Kuna, yaitu mudra yang mencakup: kode-kode untuk menyatakan tempat dan Hngkungan, membatasi sebuah adegan atau perubahan adegan-adegan, menyatakan tingkat kosmografi, peranan dan status sosial, gaya tan, dan perasaan.
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Lee, Jae-hwan. "Reexamining the Inscription of a Chimi Found at the Site of Sacheonwangsa Temple and Assuming Installation Location of It." Korean Ancient Historical Society 119 (February 28, 2023): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18040/sgs.2023.119.117.
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A piece of a Chimi(a decorative roof tile on the ridge of the roof) with inscription, found at the Site of Sachenwangsa Temple, has been regarded as a material indicating that the Chimi was called ‘Rumi(樓尾)’ during the Silla Dynasty. However, as a result of reexamining the inscription, it is appropriate to be read as ‘樓瓦’. ‘樓瓦’ means ‘a roof tile of a tower’, rather than a term for the specific structure such as Chimi. Building sites of the main building(Geumdang), a hall(gangdang), corridors, two wooden pagodas, and two ‘assumed altars for the Mudra’ were identified in the Site of Sacheonwangsa Temple. ‘樓’ basically means a tower with multiple floors. Coriddors, a hall, and the main building do not seem to match the meaning of ‘樓’. Wooden pagoda corresponds to the meaning, but there is no case where it is referred to as ‘樓’. It is also structually inappropriate to install Chimi. The word ‘樓門(a tower gate)’ appears in the historical records, but it seems that ‘門(gate)’ was more suitable than ‘樓(tower)’ as a sign to indicate the installation location of the Chimi. A pair of sites ‘assumed altars for the Mudra’ which lies symmetrically in the east and west behind the main building is noteworthy as for the location of the Chimi. They were assumed altars where the monk Myeongrang(明郞) conducted the Mudra ceremony during the reign of King Munmu, but there are still many questions about whether the sites correspond to them. Earlier, those sites have been presumed to be ‘Sutra Tower’ or ‘Bell Tower’. The possibility of a tower building with a roof built on high platform was raised recently. Consequently, it can be assumed that ‘樓’ where the Chimi with inscription was installed was one of the sites of ‘assumed altars for the Mudra’.
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Kaur, Harsh Vineet. "Can MUDRA bank be a game changer for India?" Asian Journal of Management 7, no. 4 (2016): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-5763.2016.00037.8.
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Grunin, Igor V. "Trinakirana mudra in Buddhist iconography of Myanmar and Thailand." Orientalistica 1, no. 3-4 (December 28, 2018): 371–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7043-2018-1-3-4-371-393.
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Neelavathy, G. "Performance of the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana Scheme (PMMY)." Quing: International Journal of Commerce and Management 3, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 396–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.54368/qijcm.3.3.0019.
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Bhavya, B. M., M. N. Shubhashree, and S. H. Doddamani. "An Ayurvedic Understanding on Applications of Yogic Prana Mudra in Relation with Prana Vayu as a Supportive Measure during Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic." Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences 9, no. 3 (April 16, 2022): 232–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2022.9.3.47.
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Introduction: Our body is a mini universe made of Panchamahabhuta (five basic elements). The Panchamahabhuta siddhantha is a basic principle of Ayurveda on which the fundamentals such as sharira (physical body), dosha (biological homors), dhatu (tissues), and mala (excretory products) are explained. The disturbance in these elements leads to an imbalanced mind and body to cause various diseases. There are various mudra (hand gestures) explained in Yoga which helps to balance these basic elements within ourselves to maintain good health. Out of these, Prana mudra has been chosen as it is one such simple yogic gesture designed to balance the Prana Vayu in the body which is very essential in maintaining the proper functioning of the lungs, to energize the heart and increases vitality. Objectives: The study aims to generate a simple conceptual framework for understanding the applications of Prana mudra and to distinguish its utility in terms of Ayurveda. Methods: Appropriate literatures of both sciences are referred, and a concept has been framed. Conclusion: Prana vayu is considered as a type of vata dosha in Ayurveda. It represents the functions of vital structures such as lungs and heart, and it is also responsible for the actions which aids in sustenance of life, and it complements well with prana (vital energy), a subtle counterpart of vata as stated in the former.
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Timilsina, Rajendra Raj. "Sandhyopaasan:The Hindu Ritual as a Foundation of Vedic Education." Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 9 (December 7, 2015): 53–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v9i0.14022.
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Yoga, meditation and Hasta Mudra Chikitsa (medication through the exercise or gesture of hands) known as spiritual activities in the past have been emerged as bases to maintain one’s health, peace and tranquility. Some people follow yoga, some focus on meditation and others apply “Hasta Chikitsa” or “Mudra”. They are separate traditional exercises. They require to spend 10 to 30 minutes once or twice a day for their optional exercise/s. It is proved that such practice has productive effect in different health treatments. This paper has applied the methods of observation, interview and literature review as qualitative paradigm in exploring their original roots of Vedic Sandhyopaasan. Twice born castes (Brahman, Chhetri and Baishya) of Nepali Hindu society has been found practicing all components of the exercises as a unified ritual of Sandhyopaasan. Upanayan (Bratabandha) ritual teaches Sandhyopaasan procedures for self control and self healing of the performers. Brahman is not eligible as Brahman without doing the ritual daily. However, this study has found that some Dalits have also been practicing Sandhyopaasan daily and feeling relaxed. Findings of this study show that Sandhyopaasan is a compact package of yoga, meditations and Hasta Chikitsa. Students and gurus of Vedas have been regularly following the compact package for inner peace and self control. Root of yoga, meditation and “Mudra” is Sandhyopaasan and this is the base of Hindu education system. The paper analyzes the ritual through Hindu educational perspective.
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Nurjannah, Intansari. "Sujok triorigin therapy for vaginitis: case reports." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 12, no. 1 (December 28, 2023): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20234011.
Full textAbstract:
Vaginitis cases are the most frequently encountered cases of gynaecologists in women who seek treatment at health facilities. Various therapies are sought by sufferers to overcome this condition. This case report discusses the use of Sujok triorigin therapy with the mudra method to treat the symptoms of vaginitis. Mudra method is the therapy only by using the thumb placed on certain knuckles based on the tri-origin concept and the respondents meditate for 15-20 minutes. There was no charge applied for the therapy were given to the patient. Two female patients on their 40s contacted researcher through social media to get help for their vaginitis problems. Researcher sent the instruction through picture how to apply the therapy on patients’ fingers. In the first case, this extreme vaginal itching condition had been experienced for 1 year with various treatment methods tried but none were successful. In this respondent, it took 9 days for the itching to completely disappear with therapy being done 4 times a day for about 15 minutes. The second respondent complained of extreme itching in the vagina, with a severity scale of 5 (from 1-5) and bleeding because of scratching. After 4 minutes of doing mudra, the itching went down to scale 3 and after 20 minutes the itching went down to a score of 1-2 and then was completely gone after that. In conclusion, Sujok triorigin therapy can reduce vaginitis symptoms in two respondents in a relatively short time of therapy.