Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mulanje

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Mulanje'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Mulanje"

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Bayliss, Julian, Steve Makungwa, Joy Hecht, David Nangoma, and Carl Bruessow. "Saving the Island in the Sky: the plight of the Mount Mulanje cedar Widdringtonia whytei in Malawi." Oryx 41, no. 1 (January 2007): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605307001548.

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The Endangered Mulanje cedar Widdringtonia whytei, endemic to the Mount Mulanje massif in Malawi, has undergone a drastic decline due to increased fire incidence and illegal logging. Valued for its fine timber, attractive fragrance, and pesticide-resistant sap, the tree has been regarded as highly desirable since its discovery in the late 19th century. Because of its steep slopes and isolated high altitude plateau, Mount Mulanje is also a refuge for a number of other endemic plant species. The first assessment of the Mulanje cedar since 1994 was commissioned by the Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust to ascertain the species' current extent and status. This study identified an area of 845.3 ha of Mulanje cedar, which represents a loss of 616.7 ha over the previous 15 years. Of the recorded trees 32.27% (37,242 m3) were dead cedars. Therefore, under current Department of Forestry harvest licensing, there remains in theory sufficient dead cedar to last >30 years. At this stage it is imperative that cedar nurseries are established and saplings planted out across the mountain on an annual basis, small cedar clusters are protected to facilitate regeneration, and a strict monitoring programme is followed to prevent the cutting of live cedar.
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Smith, R. I., F. J. Harvey, and M. G. R. Cannell. "Pattern of Tea Shoot Growth." Experimental Agriculture 26, no. 2 (April 1990): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700018196.

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SUMMARYTea shoot development was measured by sequentially sampling shoots from seven clones growing at Nsuwadzi Research Station, Mulanje, Malawi. A Gompertz growth curve best described the increase in shoot length with time, an exponential curve described the relation between dry weight and shoot length, and a quadratic curve related dry weight to fresh weight. The parameters of these curves differed among clones and provide a basis for exploring genetic influences on tea yield. The most rapid elongation of shoots of all clones occurred about 42 days after plucking, considered the optimum age for harvest at Mulanje. Clones selected at Mulanje produced longer shoots with greater dry weight but slightly lower dry matter content per unit stem length than clones selected at Kericho, Kenya. The dry:fresh weight ratio of 0.22 used at Mulanje to calculate dry matter yields was too high for most clones.
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Edwards, Ian. "Conservation of plants on Mulanje Mountain Malawi." Oryx 19, no. 2 (April 1985): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300019785.

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Mulanje massif in Malawi rises steeply from the surrounding plain, a landmark for miles around. An endemic cycad grows on its slopes and the plateau grassland is rich in endemic plants, including everlasting flowers and a heath. The mountain is also the stronghold of the Mulanje cedar, which Malawi has just declared as its national tree. The author, who prepared a report for the Malawi Government on cedar resources on Mulanje, found that the Forestry Department's fire control programme is effective, and that attention now needs to be given to the threat from alien plant invasion.
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Darbyshire, Iain, Roger M. Polhill, Zacharia Magombo, and Jonathan R. Timberlake. "Two new species from the mountains of southern Malawi and northern Mozambique." Kew Bulletin 76, no. 1 (March 2021): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12225-021-09926-7.

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SummaryTwo new species are described from the proposed Mulanje-Namuli-Ribáuè Centre of Endemism. Isoglossa perdita I.Darbysh. (Acanthaceae) is apparently restricted to the submontane forests of southeastern Mt Mulanje in Malawi, and is assessed as Critically Endangered. Agelanthus patelii Polhill & Timberlake (Loranthaceae) is recorded from the montane forests of Mt Mulanje and from Mt Namuli in Mozambique, and the earlier assessment of this species as Endangered is confirmed. The habitat preferences and taxonomic affinities of these species are discussed. This work contributes to the ongoing assessment of the biodiversity and endemism of this montane region, and to the identification of Important Plant Areas in Mozambique.
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Phillips, J. A. "Ruptured Uterus in Mulanje CCAP Hospital, 1974–1982." Tropical Doctor 20, no. 4 (October 1990): 175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947559002000414.

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MZUMARA, TIWONGE I., PHILIP A. R. HOCKEY, and AMANDA R. RIDLEY. "Re-assessment of the conservation status of Malawi’s ‘Endangered’ Yellow-throated Apalis Apalis flavigularis." Bird Conservation International 22, no. 2 (December 5, 2011): 184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270911000335.

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SummaryThe forest-associated Yellow-throated Apalis Apalis flavigularis is the only bird endemic to Malawi. The species is confined to three mountain massifs in the south of the country and is classified as globally ‘Endangered’. This study re-evaluates its conservation status by assessing its population size and habitat preferences on Mount Mulanje, where forest patches are threatened by illegal logging and an increasing frequency of uncontrolled fires. These fires also cause a proliferation of invasive plant species, especially the Himalayan yellow raspberry Rubus ellipticus. We surveyed the Yellow-throated Apalis in 41 forest patches during the breeding season. The apalises favoured forest edge habitat, occurring in forest patches as small as 0.01 ha. Their occurrence was positively correlated with the presence of R. ellipticus, although this relationship may be driven primarily by canopy architecture and the existence of an understorey shrub layer. At a conservative estimate, 7,900 Yellow-throated Apalises were calculated to be present in cedar forest habitat alone on Mount Mulanje. Given that the birds occurred in other native forests at the same altitude at densities of 8.6–10.9 birds ha-1, the true population size on Mount Mulanje alone is likely to approach or even exceed IUCN’s most optimistic estimate of the global population (10,000).
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Thiede, Joachim, Pastor Theo Peter Campbell-Barker, Russ Clare, Philip E. Downs, and Bruce J. Hargreaves. "Aloe arborescens(Asphodelaceae): Arborescent forms on Mount Mulanje (Malawi)." Bradleya 33, no. 33 (October 20, 2015): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25223/brad.n33.2015.a19.

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Kurzweil, H. "An analysis of the orchid flora of Mt Mulanje, Malawi." Bothalia 22, no. 2 (October 14, 1992): 235–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v22i2.848.

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The composition of the orchid flora of Mt Mulanje, Malawi, is analysed. The altitudinal distribution of the orchids, the distribution of the terrestrial and epiphytic species and the extralimital distribution of the species is assessed for both genera and subfamilies (after the systematic concept of Dressier 1981). The altitudinal distribution of species endemic to Malawi is also assessed. The terrestrial species show a significant increase with altitude whereas the epiphytic species are more dominant al the lower levels. A similar increase is also found in the species endemic to Malawi. An analysis of the distributions shared with other African countries reveals that most species also occur in Zambia, Zimbabwe and East Africa, whereas significantly fewer species are shared with Angola, southern Africa, Mocambique, Zaire and West Africa. Most species shared with tropical African countries are found on the lower slopes of Mt Mulanje.
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O’Shea, B. J., M. J. Wigginton, M. A. Bruggeman-Nannenga, N. G. Hodgetts, and R. D. Porley. "British Bryological Society Expedition to Mulanje Mountain, Malawi. 13. New and other unpublished records." Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 20, no. 1 (December 31, 2001): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bde.20.1.3.

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Further results are provided of the 1991 British Bryological Society Expedition to Mulanje Mt., Malawi including 168 taxa of bryophyte, comprising 72 taxa of liverwort (38 new to Malawi) and 96 taxa of mosses (45 new to Malawi).
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Pócs, Tamás. "British bryological society expedition to Mulanje Mountain, Malawi. 19. Metzgeriaceae and other unpublished records." Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 29, no. 1 (August 6, 2008): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bde.29.1.1.

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Localities and habitats are provided of 6 Metzgeria species collected on Mulanje Mountain. Additional records of some other hepatic species are included; four of them, Riccardia amazonica, Riccardia longispica, Drepanolejeunea ternatensis and Drepanolejeunea vandenbeghenii, are new to Malawi.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mulanje"

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Chanyenga, Tembo Faera. "Effect of population size on viable seed output, seed rand and natural regeneration pattern of a tropical conifer Widdringtonia whytei-Rendle in Malawi." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85589.

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Thesis (PhD(For))--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Widdringtonia whytei is a tropical endemic, fire-adapted pioneer coniferous tree species within natural fire-fragmented Afromontane forest patches in a confined area on Mulanje Mountain in Malawi. Natural and anthropogenic fires within the surrounding fire-prone landscape, insect attacks, and uncontrolled harvesting of mature trees for timber threaten the survival of W. whytei. This study investigated the effects of population fragmentation on the reproductive biology of W. whytei, through four specific studies: effects of population size, tree size and crown position on viable seed output; seed rain variation among population sizes; effects of temperature and light on viability and germination of W. whytei seeds; and the influence of population size on natural regeneration patterns. The study was conducted during 2008 and 2009 on three sites using three W. whytei population sizes: small (≤10 reproductively mature cone-bearing W. whytei trees), medium (11-20 cone-bearing trees) and large (>20 cone-bearing trees). Data were collected using field and laboratory experiments and a review of secondary information. The effect of fragment size and crown position on viable seed output and seed rain pattern was tested with a nested linear mixed model. The influence of stem diameter (dbh) on viable seed output was tested using a separate data set. The variation in seed rain was explored with a generalised linear model (GLM) with a negative binomial link function. Variations in seed germination was analysed with a Weibull regression model. The influence of fragment size on seedling regeneration was tested with a GLM (binary logistic regression). Viable seed output from W. whytei cones was very low (23%) and was not affected by population size, tree diameter or crown position. W. whytei population size influenced seed rain with large fragments having higher seed rain densities. Number of dispersed seeds was generally very low and poorly dispersed. W. whytei cones are semiserotinous and depends on moderate to severe fires for heavy seedfall and wider dispersal. Such fires did not occur during the study period. Temperature is a critical factor for seed germination. Seeds germinate between 15 and 25°C with the optimum at ~ 20°C either under light or dark conditions. Regeneration density followed the seed rain pattern indicating that seed availability is a critical factor for regeneration. Regular cool fires outside the forest patches and along the edges during the hot dry season, and the thick litter layer and shady conditions inside forest patches, caused most of the seedling mortality. This study highlighted the difficulties W. whytei experiences with low output of viable seed, limited seed dispersal and low seedling regeneration in and around forest patches, i.e. factors important for conservation management of this species. It is recommended that gaps with diameter equal to canopy height and occasional spot fires would promote seed dispersal onto exposed mineral soil for rapid seedling establishment and subsequent population growth. Such natural fire disturbance events may show the true seed rain and seedling establishment patterns in this species.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Widdringtonia whytei is ‘n tropiese endemiese, vuuraangepaste pionier naaldhoutagtige boomsoort binne die natuurlike vuurgefragmenteerde Afromontane woudkolle binne ‘n beperkte area op Mulanje berg in Malawi. Natuurlike en menslike vure binne die omringende vuurgeneigde landskap, insekaanvalle, en onbeheerde kap van volwasse bome vir hout bedreig die voortbestaan van W. whytei. Hierdie studie het die effek van populasiefragmentasie op die voortplantingsbiologie van W. whytei ondersoek, deur vier spesifieke studies: die effek van populasiegrootte, boomgrootte en kroonposisie op produksie van lewenskragtige saad; saadreënvariasie tussen populasiegroottes; die effek van temperatuur en lig op lewenskragtigheid en ontkieming van W. whytei saad; en die invloed van populasiegrootte op natuurlike verjongingspatrone. Die studie is gedurende 2008 en 2009 uitgevoer op drie groeiplekke met drie W. whytei populasiegroottes: klein (≤10 keëldraende (volwasse) W. whytei bome), medium (11-20 keëldraende bome) en groot (>20 keëldraende bome). Data is versamel in veld- en laboratorium eksperimente asook 'n oorsig van sekondêre inligting. Die invloed van populasie fragmentgrootte en kroonposisie van bome op saadproduksie en die saadreënpatroon is getoets met ‘n geneste liniêre gemengde model. Die invloed van boomstamdeursnee op die produksie van kiemkragtige saad is met ‘n aparte datastel getoets. Die variasie in saadreënpatroon is met 'n algemene liniêre model (GLM) met 'n negatiewe binomiese skakelfunksie getoets. Variasies in ontkiemingspersentasie van sade is met 'n Weibull regressiemodel ontleed. Die invloed van fragmentgrootte op saailingverjonging is met 'n algemene linêre model (binêre logistiese regressie) getoets. Produksie van lewenskragtige saad in W. whytei keëls was baie lag (23%) en was nie deur populasiegrootte, boomstamdeursnee of kroonposisie beïnvloed nie. W. whytei populasiegrootte het saadreën beïnvloed en groot fragmente het groter saadreëndigthede gehad. Die aantal verspreide sade was in die algemeen baie laag en swak versprei. W. whytei keëls is semi-saadhoudend (serotinous) en is afhanklik van matige tot intense vure vir massiewe saadvrystelling en wyer saadverspreiding. Sulke vure het nie gedurende die studieperiode voorgekom nie. Temperatuur is ‘n kritiese factor vir saadontkieming. Sade ontkiem goed tussen 15 en 25°C met die optimum rondom ~ 20°C onder beide lig en donker toestande. Fragmentgrootte het nie die saailingverjonging in W. whytei beïnvloed nie. Verjongingsdigtheid het die saadreënpatroon gevolg, wat daarop dui dat saadbeskikbaarheid ‘n kritiese factor is vir saailingverjonging. Gereelde koel vure buite die woudkolle en langs die woudrand gedurende die droë warm seisoen, en die dik lae blaarval (litter) en skadutoestande binne ‘n woud, het meeste van die saailingmortaliteit veroorsaak. Hierdie studie het die probleme beklemtoon wat W. whytei ondervind met die lae produksie van kiemkragtige saad, saadverspreiding en saailingverjonging binne en rondom die woudkolle, m.a.w. faktore wat belangrik is vir bewaringsbestuur van hierdie boomsoort. Die aanbeveling word gemaak dat kroonopeninge met ‘n deursnee gelyk aan minstens die kroonhoogte, en sporadiese kolbrande binne die woudkolle kan saadverspreiding op blootgestelde minerale grond vir vinnige saailingvestiging en gevolglike populasiegroei bevorder. Sodanige vuurversteuringsgeleenthede mag die werklike patrone in saadreën en saailingvestiging in hierdie species toon.
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Lombe, Felix Benson Mwatani Editor. "Challenges of land conflict negotiation in Mulanje District of Malawi." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1421_1310966613.

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This study identifies and discusses the challenges of negotiation as a conflict management tool with reference to the negotiation process of the land conflict in the Mulanje district of Malawi between tea companies and the villagers who live around the tea estates. Although the negotiation process started on 15th January 2000, there were no expected outcomes as of end of October 2008. In order to identify the challenges of the negotiation process, the study has specifically provided in-depth analyses of the land conflict and the negotiation process in Mulanje. The study consequently has recommended, among other things, the introduction of conflict transformation initiatives as a way of mending the relationship between the conflicting parties, institutionalization of conflict management training, review of the role of government and strategic cooperation of stakeholders in addressing the structural causes of conflicts among other recommendations.

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Hooks, Philip N. "A vegetation study of the communities on Mount Mulanje, Malawi." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26178.

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Kokota, Demoubly. "An evaluation of mhGAP training for primary healthcare workers in Mulanje, Malawi." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16699.

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Includes bibliographical references
Introduction: There is a large treatment gap for people with mental disorders in Africa and other low resourced countries, estimated to be between 70% and 90%. The treatment gap is mainly due to the lack of trained mental health professionals and inadequate mental health service resources in Africa. There has been a growing global movement championed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to integrate mental health into primary health care as the most effective way of reducing this treatment gap. This study aimed to investigate the impact of WHO Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) training and supervision on primary health workers' knowledge, attitudes, confidence and detection rate of major mental disorders in the district of Mulanje, Malawi. Method: The study was a quantitative evaluation using a quasi-experimental method (single cohort pre- and post-measures) and an interrupted time-series design. Forty-three primary healthcare workers from Mulanje, Malawi completed pre- and post- training questionnaires assessing knowledge, attitudes and confidence regarding the assessment and management of major mental disorders. Rates of diagnosis of major mental disorders were obtained from clinic registers for 5 months prior to and 7 months following training. Results: The results showed a significant change on knowledge and confidence scores but not attitudes. The mean knowledge score showed a statistically significantly increase from 11.8 (standard deviation [SD]: 0.33) before training to 15.1 (SD: 0.38) immediately after training; t(42) = 7.79, p <.01. Mean knowledge score was also significantly higher six month post training (13.9, SD: 2.52) than before training; t(42) = 4.57, p < .01. Similarly, the mean confidence score increased significantly from 39.9 (SD): 7.68) before training to 49.6 (SD: 06.14) immediately after training; t(84) = 8.43, p <.01. Mean confidence score was also significantly higher six month post training (46.8, SD: 6.03) than before training; t(84) = 6.60, p <.01. There was no overall significant difference in mean CAMI scores before, immediately after and 6 months after training in all four of the CAMI components. The F-test statistic and P-value for Authoritarianism, Benevolence, Social Restrictiveness and Community Mental Health Ideology were: F2, 126, 0.05 = 2.5; p =.09, F2, 126, 0.05 = 0.1; p =.9, F2, 126, 0.05 = 0.03; p = 1.0 and F2, 126, 0.05 = 0.04; p = 1.0, respectively. In the months January to May 2014 (before training), median number of cases per month was 77 (inter quartile range [IQR]: 65-87) whereas after training (months June to December) median number of cases was 186 (IQR: 175-197) showing a significant increase in median number of cases before and after the training; p =0.001. Conclusion: The results show clear improvements in the knowledge, confidence and detection of severe mental illness in primary care in Mulanje and demonstrate the potential for narrowing the treatment gap by rolling out mhGAP training nationally in Malawi. The findings of this study add to the growing evidence for policy makers of the effectiveness of mental health training and supervision of primary care workers in a resource-constrained country. Further research is needed to evaluate factors that may lead to change in health worker attitudes, to evaluate training and supervision programmes using more robust evaluation designs, such as randomised controlled trials, and to assess the scale up of mhGAP programmes at larger population levels.
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Verboom, George Anthony. "A report on the invasive status of Pinus patula on Mount Mulanje, Malawi." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25610.

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Chisaka, Joseph Wangisani. "The use of traditional herbal medicines among palliative care patients at Mulanje Mission Hospital, Malawi." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31511.

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Background: The prevalence of use of traditional medicines by patients receiving palliative care is poorly documented. In 2002, the World Health Organisation estimated about 4 billion people (80% of the world’s population) used traditional medicines for some aspect of primary healthcare, with 90% of users living in low and middle income countries. Studies in Africa have shown that patients on palliative care are more likely to use traditional medicines especially after the diagnosis of cancer. This study describes the prevalence of and reasons for TM use amongst PC patients and also explores the common herbs used by this population. Methodology: A mixed method descriptive cross sectional study design was used including the following: questionnaire administered to patients attending palliative care clinic and focus group discussions with palliative care patients. Results: 60.4% of palliative care patients (n = 96; males = 53%) reported use of traditional herbal medicines. The majority of survey participants had the diagnosis of cancer (94%; n = 90) and HIV (89%; n = 85). Traditional herbal medicine use was common in participants who had the following symptoms: diarrhoea 83%, anorexia 63%, pain 61% etc. Traditional medicine use was not associated with age, gender, education, occupation, distance from hospital, diagnosis or symptom. 62% of the participants who used herbal medicines did not know the herbs they were taking. Kigelia Africana, Moringa oleifera, Cyphostema sp, and Strychnos innocua were the common herbs used. Cultural practices, limitations of conventional health system and credibility of traditional healers were the main reasons for using traditional herbal medicines. Conclusion: Use of traditional herbal medicines is high among patients receiving palliative care at Mulanje Mission hospital mainly for symptom management and cancer. Further research is needed to investigate effectiveness of identified herbs and also assess their potential herb-drug interactions. Ongoing work including liaison with traditional healers would assist to formulate effective local palliative care management programs that are sensitive to traditional medicine practices.
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Burger, Niel. "Disturbance ecology and size class structure of the Mulanje cedar of Malawi, Widdringtonia whytei and associated broadleaved forest." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24397.

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The disturbance ecology and regeneration patterns of the emergent conifer, Widdringtonia whytei, and five broadleaved species, Aphloia theiformis, Rapanea melanophloeos, Maesa lanceolata, Maytenus accuminata and Psychotria mahonii, were inferred from population size structures in the mixed conifer-broadleaved forests of Mt. Mulanje, Malawi. The size-class structures of the emergent cedar populations were characterised by even-sized, disjunct frequency distributions. Seedling recruitment was found in recently burnt sites and not in middle-aged or oldgrowth forest. This indicates reliance on the catastrophic mode of regeneration for W. whytei, which takes advantage of the well-lit, competition free environment after large-scale disturbances provided by fire. The sub-canopy angiosperms primarily had all-sized frequency distributions, with at least some individuals found in each class within their size range, indicating continuous regeneration under a closed forest canopy. These results emphasize the dependence of long-lived conifers such as the Mulanje cedar on large-scale disturbance for regeneration and long-term persistence of the species.
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Hall, Stuart. "Genetic and morphological means of differentiating within and between populations of Widdringtonia whytei and Widdringtonia nodiflora on Mount Mulanje, Malawi." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26139.

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There has been confusion in the past as to the taxonomy of Widdringtonia on Mount Mulanje. At present it is accepted that there are two species present. The aim of this study was to assess the level of genetic variation present across six populations of Widdringtonia whytei and Widdringtonia nodijlora on the mountain, and determine whether there are two genetically separate species present. Analysis of genetic variation included PsbA (chloroplast DNA), ITS (nuclear DNA), microsatellite and ISSR gene region markers. Out of the markers that amplified successfully, it was found that there is little genetic variation present with no differentiation between or within taxonomic groups for the gene regions analyzed. Morphometric analysis of cones and leaves grouped W. whytei and W. nodijlora separately, with a midgroup more closely associated with definite W. whytei. This compared favourably with observations of individuals from the different groups in the field. It is suggested that based on the low level of genetic variation across the mountain, W. whytei and W. nodijlora have diverged very recently from a W. nodijlora ancestor.
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Guo, Elaine. "Mulan: Journey in a Time of Change." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2196.

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Palmcrantz, Nicolina, and Marlene Gröning. "Disneys feministiska ikon – eller? : En feministisk analys av filmen Mulan." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-26933.

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I denna uppsats analyseras Disneyfilmen Mulan från 1998 ur ett feministiskt perspektiv. I en tid då feminismen återigen står högt upp på dagordningen och eftersom det fortfarande debatteras kring Mulan och feminism ville vi författare undersöka på djupet om Mulan kan kallas för feministisk. Med utgångspunkt i Judith Butlers feministiska teorier om hur genus konstrueras och är en maskerad kompletterat med Laura Mulveys teorier kring den manliga blicken i film samt Margareta Rönnbergs förklaring av den kvinnligt kodade hedoniska makten kontra den manligt kodade agoniska så har vi författare gjort en narrativ analys av filmen Mulan samt en karaktärsanalys av karaktären Mulan och hittat tydliga exempel på hur filmen bryter med rådande genusnormer, bekräftar maskeradbegreppet och bryter mot den manliga blicken. Filmen är dock problematisk då den innehåller scener som också bekräftar rådande makt- och genusstrukturer och där scener mellan kvinnor ges väldigt lite speltid, något vi utforskat genom Bechdel-Wallace-testet. Ser man dock till filmen i sin helhet, går in på djupet i dess narrativ och undersöker karaktären Mulan så är det denna uppsats mening att Mulan är en feministisk film.
In this essay the Disney-movie Mulan from 1998 has been analyzed through a feminist approach. In a time when feminism once again is a burning issue and since there is still a debate regarding Mulan and feminism this essay wanted to investigate if Mulan could actually be called a feminist movie. Based on Judith Butler’s feministic ideas regarding how gender is a construction and a masquerade combined with Laura Mulvey’s theory about the male gaze in movies and Margareta Rönnbergs explanation of the female coded hedonic power versus the male coded agonic we writers have made an narrative analysis of the movie Mulan and also an analysis of the character Mulan and found clear examples of how the movie breaks with current norms of gender, confirms the theory of masquerade and doesn’t conform to the male gaze. However, the movie is problematic since it contains scenes that also confirm current power and gender structures and scenes with just women are given very short screentime, something we have explored through the Bechdel-Wallace-test. If you look at the movie as a whole, goes in depth into the movies narrative and look at the character Mulan it is this essays conclusion that Mulan is a feministic movie.

Cecilia Mörner var examinator för den här uppsatsen medan Per Vesterlund var examinator för kursen och den som attesterade kursens betyg (och därför står som examinator på titelsidan men inte i metadata).

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Books on the topic "Mulanje"

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Mulanje District socio[-]economic profile. Malawi: Mulanje District Assembly, 2007.

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Chapman, J. D. The Mulanje cedar: Malaŵi's national tree. Blantyre [Malawi]: Society of Malaŵi, 1995.

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Hyde, Karin A. L. Mulanje/Phalombe Fish Farming Project socio-economic impact assessment: Final report. [Zomba, Malawi]: University of Malaŵi, Centre for Social Research, 1992.

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Memorial history of Mulanje Mission: Church of Central Africa Presbyterian in Malawi. Blantyre [Malawi]: E + V Publications, 2002.

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Kalumbi, Henderson Hodges. The origins of the Charismatic Renewal Ministries International Church in Mulanje 2005. Zomba, Malawi: Kachere Series, 2006.

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Chipili, E. E. Evaluation of the phosphate resources of the Tundulu apatite deposit--Nathache Hill (Mulanje District). Zomba [Malawi]: Ministry of Energy and Mining, Geological Survey Dept., 1993.

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Ng'ong'ola, D. H. Estate food security and nutrition in Malawi: Case studies of Kasungu, Mangochi, and Mulanje Districts : final report. Lilongwe, Malawi: University of Malawi, Bunda College of Agriculture, Center for Agricultural Research and Development, Agricultural Policy Research Unit, 1997.

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Austria), AUSTROPLAN (Organization :. Integrated exploitation and processing of Mulanje/Manica bauxite and establishment of alumina/aluminium industry in the SADCC region: Final report. Vienna, Austria: AUSTROPLAN, 1990.

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Bayón, Miguel. Mulanga. Barcelona, España: Editorial Planeta, 2002.

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Hua Mulan: Hua Mulan. Beijing: Zhi shi chu ban she, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mulanje"

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Loots, Gabriela G., and Ivan Ovcharenko. "Mulan." In Comparative Genomics, 237–53. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-514-5_15.

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Li, Jinhua. "Mulan (1998) and Hua Mulan (2009)." In Heroism and Gender in War Films, 187–205. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137360724_13.

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Bauer, Wolfgang, and Wolfgang Kubin. "Mulan ci." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1–2. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_15092-1.

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Menzies, Nicholas K. "The Mulan Weichang Imperial Hunting Enclosure." In Forest and Land Management in Imperial China, 55–64. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230372870_4.

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Tzur-David, Shimrit, Danny Dolev, and Tal Anker. "MULAN: Multi-Level Adaptive Network Filter." In Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, 71–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-05284-2_5.

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Cabac, Lawrence, David Mosteller, and Matthias Wester-Ebbinghaus. "Modeling Organizational Structures and Agent Knowledge for Mulan Applications." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 62–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45730-6_4.

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Chen, Xi (Janet). "A multimodal study of paratexts in bilingual picturebooks on Mulan." In Multimodal Approaches to Chinese-English Translation and Interpreting, 43–65. London; New York: Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge advances in translation and interpreting studies: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429318351-3.

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Lau, Dorothy Wai Sim. "Voices of Mulan in Animated and Live-Action Cinematic Spaces." In Reorienting Chinese Stars in Global Polyphonic Networks, 155–78. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0313-6_8.

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Yan, Ke, Youbao Tang, Yifan Peng, Veit Sandfort, Mohammadhadi Bagheri, Zhiyong Lu, and Ronald M. Summers. "MULAN: Multitask Universal Lesion Analysis Network for Joint Lesion Detection, Tagging, and Segmentation." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 194–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32226-7_22.

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Zhang, Tianjie, Qiuyin Xu, and Shuangchen Chen. "Adaptative Resilience: Traditional Wisdom of the Mulan Weir Water Conservancy System in Song-Yuan Period." In Chinese Urban Planning and Construction, 63–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65562-4_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mulanje"

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Banks, T. I., Osamu Yasuda, Naba Mondal, and Chihiro Ohmori. "First results from the MuLan and MuCap experiments." In NEUTRINO FACTORIES, SUPERBEAMS AND BETABEAMS: 9th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Superbeams, and Betabeams. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2898992.

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Barba, Edoardo, Luigi Procopio, Niccolò Campolungo, Tommaso Pasini, and Roberto Navigli. "MuLaN: Multilingual Label propagatioN for Word Sense Disambiguation." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/531.

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Abstract:
The knowledge acquisition bottleneck strongly affects the creation of multilingual sense-annotated data, hence limiting the power of supervised systems when applied to multilingual Word Sense Disambiguation. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised approach based upon a novel label propagation scheme, which, by jointly leveraging contextualized word embeddings and the multilingual information enclosed in a knowledge base, projects sense labels from a high-resource language, i.e., English, to lower-resourced ones. Backed by several experiments, we provide empirical evidence that our automatically created datasets are of a higher quality than those generated by other competitors and lead a supervised model to achieve state-of-the-art performances in all multilingual Word Sense Disambiguation tasks. We make our datasets available for research purposes at https://github.com/SapienzaNLP/mulan.
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Lynch, Kevin R. "MuLan: Towards a 1 ppm muon lifetime measurement." In INTERSECTIONS OF PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS: 9th Conference CIPAN2006. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2402647.

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Carey, Robert M. "Final results from the MuLan experiment at PSI." In 19TH PARTICLES AND NUCLEI INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (PANIC11). AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3700611.

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Jia, Qifan. "Cultural Difference: Ancient China in Western Film Mulan (1998)." In 2nd International Conference on Language, Art and Cultural Exchange (ICLACE 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210609.078.

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Sohn, Hyunwoo, Kyungjin Park, and Min Chi. "MuLan: Multilevel Language-based Representation Learning for Disease Progression Modeling." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata50022.2020.9377829.

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Li, Yikun. "A Cultural and Historical Perception of the Ancient Chinese Heroine Hua Mulan." In 2nd Annual International Conference on Language, Literature and Linguistics (L3 2013). Global Science and Technology Forum Pte Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-3566_l313.127.

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Wahyumi, Tahrun, and Mulyadi. "Moral Values Found in “Mulan” Movies by Barry Cook and Tony Bancroft." In International Conference on Education Universitas PGRI Palembang (INCoEPP 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210716.230.

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Kumar, Rajendra, and K. V. S. Rao. "Performance analysis of a 2.1MW wind turbine in a wind farm at Mulana in Jaisalmer district of Rajasthan." In 2016 Second International Innovative Applications of Computational Intelligence on Power, Energy and Controls with their Impact on Humanity (CIPECH). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cipech.2016.7918766.

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Lee, Yun-Song, Sun-Yong Kim, Mi Kyeong Park, and Hyo Jeong Kim. "MULAN, An Akt Ubiquitin E3 Ligase, Mediates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Endothelial Cell Death And Dysfunction." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a6743.

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