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1
Holmes, Kevin. The concept of income: A multi-disciplinary analysis. Amsterdam: IBFD Publications, 2001.
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2
Nelsen, John T. The multi-skilled soldier concept: Considerations for Army implementation. Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 2002.
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Nelsen, John T. The multi-skilled soldier concept: Considerations for Army implementation. Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 2002.
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Nelsen, John T. The multi-skilled soldier concept: Considerations for Army implementation. Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 2002.
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5
Béla, Pokol. The concept of law: The multi-layered legal system. Budapest: Rejtjel Edition, 2001.
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6
Framing intersectionality: Debates on a multi-faceted concept in gender studies. Farnham: Ashgate, 2011.
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7
Huijser, R. H. Final report on a research facility for critical point phenomena in microgravity: Concept of the multi-user facility. Amsterdam: National Aerospace Laboratory, 1985.
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8
Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations (Economic and Social Research Council), ed. The concept of a multi-cultural society: A lecture to mark the establishment of the Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations in the University of Warwick. Coventry: Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations, Arts Building, University of Warwick, 1985.
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9
Pimentel, Miguel A. Identidad, multi-culturalismo y capitalismo. Distrito Nacional, República Dominicana: Dirección de Publicaciones, Editora Universitaria-UASD, 2007.
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10
Sustainability as a Multi-criteria Concept. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03943-546-3.
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Wardina; Murray, Martin (eds.) Oghanna. New Railway Environment: A Multi-disciplinary Business Concept. Engineers Media, 2004.
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12
The Multi-Skilled Soldier Concept: Considerations for Army Implementation. Storming Media, 2002.
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13
Applying a Multi-Skilled Soldier (MSS) Concept to the Stryker Brigade Combat Team (SBCT). Storming Media, 2003.
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14
JUN, LI YONG. Law concept. Practice. Innovation Series: Study of the Legal System of Multi monitor the quality of rural commodity markets safety. China Renmin University Press, 2019.
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15
Kokubo, N., S. Okayasu, and K. Kadowaki. Multi-Vortex States in Mesoscopic Superconductors. Edited by A. V. Narlikar. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198738169.013.3.
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This article investigates multi-vortex states in mesoscopic amorphous superconductors with different geometries by means of scanning SQUID microscopy. It first describes the setup of the scanning SQUID microscope used in magnetic imaging of superconducting vortices before discussing the physical properties of amorphous superconducting thin films. It then presents the results of experiments showing the formation of multi-vortex states in mesoscopic dots of weak pinning, amorphous MoGe thin films, along with the formation of vortex polygons and concentric vortex rings in mesoscopic disks. It also considers the concept of multiple vortex shells and its applicability to vortex patterns observed in mesoscopic circle and square dots. The article highlights some of the key features of mesoscopic superconducting dots, including commensurability effect, multiple shell structures, repeated packing sequences, inclusion structural hierarchy, and pinning effect.
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Modern antirheumatic drugs, their place in a complete therapy concept taking multi-morbidity into consideration: Expert workshop, Munich March 7-9, 1986. Frankfurt/M: pmi-Verlag, 1987.
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17
Sebastian, Mock. Part A Annotated Guide, 3 The Concept of Market Manipulation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198811756.003.0003.
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This chapter discusses the concept of market manipulation. In contrast to the prohibition of insider dealing, market manipulation is not a single act or set of different behaviours but more of a multi-layer phenomenon covering all kinds of behaviours generally not accepted in any market. In capital markets law, four different forms of market manipulation developed, which can also be found in the Market Abuse Regulation (and other European regulations). These are information-based manipulation, transaction-based manipulation, short selling, and other forms of manipulation. However, the Market Abuse Regulation does not refer expressly to each of these forms of market manipulation but defines market manipulation in its Article 12 in general.
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Navarrete, Sergio. How to Build a Social Media Network that is Collaborative and also Multi-Language: A business plan, financial projections and the software model to ... person, understand this powerful concept ...... CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2011.
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20
Berntson, Gary G., Peter J. Gianaros, and Manos Tsakiris. Interoception and the autonomic nervous system: Bottom-up meets top-down. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198811930.003.0001.
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Although the efferent role of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in homeostasis has long been recognized, afferent aspects of the ANS—especially interoception—are increasingly recognized to be equally important. Interoception is fundamental to the regulation of internal physiology, particularly as it is coordinated with contextually determined and adaptive behavioral processes. A cardinal but often underappreciated feature of interoception is its role in myriad cognitive and affective processes that are integrated in health and disease. This chapter introduces the concept of interoception and outlines its historical origins and applications in multiple domains of psychology and psychobiology. It provides an overview of its peripheral and central neural substrates, and it outlines how this construct is best conceptualized within a multi-system and multi-level regulatory framework.
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Hurwitz, Brian, and Victoria Bates. The Roots and Ramifications of Narrative in Modern Medicine. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474400046.003.0032.
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Narrative became a concept of great versatility and fluidity in the second half of the twentieth century, configuring multi-dimensional understandings and meanings in healthcare. The literary and social theorist Martin Kreiswirth speaks of ‘a massive and unprecedented eruption of interest in narrative and in theorizing about narrative’ in the period, which resulted in stories and fragments of stories gaining significant conceptual traction in many discourses and practices. Not until narrative began to be credited with such multi-disciplinary capacities were claims for a pluripotential role in medicine explicitly formulated. Yet in attempting to respond to human needs incarnated in language, narrativity and medicine have long been co-implicated. If ‘the chief characteristic of human life is that it is always full of events which ultimately can be told as a story,’ as Hannah Arendt argued, narrativity is a precondition of epitomising and reflecting on illness.6
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Pratt, Michael G., Majken Schultz, Blake E. Ashforth, and Davide Ravasi. Introduction: Organizational Identity. Edited by Michael G. Pratt, Majken Schultz, Blake E. Ashforth, and Davide Ravasi. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199689576.013.23.
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Since its formal entry to organization studies in 1985, the concept of organizational identity (OI) has had a long and fruitful development. We suggest OI is particularly appealing because it: 1) addresses fundamental questions of social existence about how we are both similar to and different from others; 2) is fundamentally a relational construct connecting apparent oppositions, such as “us” and “them”; 3) is a nexus concept forging relations with other theoretical constructs; and 4) is inherently useful to organizations. In the seven sections of this handbook, we trace conceptual, methodological, and practical challenges of theorizing and utilizing OI in organizations, including issues of the construct’s nomological net, its multi-level dynamics, the role time in OI (e.g., OI change), as well as its pluralistic manifestations (e.g., hybrid and multiple organizational identities).
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Ferdinand, Peter. 7. Institutions and States. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198704386.003.0008.
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This chapter deals with institutions and states. Institutions are essentially regular patterns of behaviour that provide stability and predictability to social life. Some institutions are informal, with no formally laid down rules such as the family, social classes, and kinship groups. Others are more formalized, having codified rules and organization. Examples include governments, parties, bureaucracies, legislatures, constitutions, and law courts. The state is defined as sovereign, with institutions that are public. After discussing the concept of institutions and the range of factors that structure political behaviour, the chapter considers the multi-faceted concept of the state. It then looks at the history of how the European type of state and the European state system spread around the world between the seventeenth and twentieth centuries. It also examines the modern state and some of the differences between strong states, weak states, and democratic states.
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Jakab, András, and Dimitry Kochenov, eds. The Enforcement of EU Law and Values. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198746560.001.0001.
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It is clear that the current crisis of the EU is not confined to the Eurozone and the EMU, evidenced in its inability to ensure the compliance of Member States to follow the principles and values underlying the integration project in Europe (including the protection of democracy, the Rule of Law, and human rights). This defiance has affected the Union profoundly, and this book dissects the essence of this crisis, examining its history and offering coping methods for the years to come. Defiance is not a new concept and this volume explores the richness of EU-level and national-level examples of historical defiance—the French Empty Chair policy, the Luxembourg compromise, and the FPÖ crisis in Austria—and draws on the experience of the US legal system and that of the integration projects on other continents. Building on this legal-political context, the book focuses on the assessment of the adequacy of the enforcement mechanisms whilst learning from EU integration history. Structured in four parts, the volume studies theoretical issues on defiance in the context of multi-layered legal orders, EU mechanisms of acquis and values’ enforcement, comparative perspective on law-enforcement in multi-layered legal systems, and case-studies of defiance in the EU.
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Clark, David. Defining the clinical realm. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199674282.003.0005.
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To gain serious traction in the wider world of medicine, the terminal care protagonists needed to move from a loose web of activism to a concerted body of knowledge and practice. This chapter shows how a focus on cancer pain was a key line in this development. Hospice studies explored and pulled apart some of the prevailing orthodoxies about pain relief. A new confidence emerged in the use of morphine and other drugs. The concept of ‘total pain’ was coined by Saunders as a key perspective on the multi-faceted nature of suffering at the end of life. Clinical studies raised awareness of the hospice movement’s ambitions and began to demonstrate its efficacy. This in turn fuelled further investment and a rapid growth in hospice services.
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Hovy, Eduard. Text Summarization. Edited by Ruslan Mitkov. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199276349.013.0032.
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This article describes research and development on the automated creation of summaries of one or more texts. It defines the concept of summary and presents an overview of the principal approaches in summarization. It describes the design, implementation, and performance of various summarization systems. The stages of automated text summarization are topic identification, interpretation, and summary generation, each having its sub stages. Due to the challenges involved, multi-document summarization is much less developed than single-document summarization. This article reviews particular techniques used in several summarization systems. Finally, this article assesses the methods of evaluating summaries. This article reviews evaluation strategies, from previous evaluation studies, to the two-basic measures method. Summaries are so task and genre specific; therefore, no single measurement covers all cases of evaluation
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Group, Epic Software, ed. Macromedia Flash design: From concept to creation. Roseville, Calif: Prima Tech, 2001.
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28
Mulligan, Martin. On the Need for a Nuanced Understanding of “Community” in Heritage Policy and Practice. Edited by Angela M. Labrador and Neil Asher Silberman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190676315.013.14.
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The alleged benefits of community participation in cultural resource management has been an article of faith in the international heritage community since the early 1990s, yet the ambiguous and multi-layered concept of community is commonly deployed uncritically. This chapter argues that “community” should be seen as an open-ended, never complete process rather than end-product. It suggests that heritage practitioners inevitably contribute to the creation of a sense of community at scales ranging from the local to the national. The projection of community identities can enhance or undermine social cohesion at and across geographic scales and the chapter argues that heritage practitioners need to work with a nuanced understanding of their role in the creation of community identities. The link between heritage values and community formation remains powerful but the power needs to be unleashed with due diligence.
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Mura, Anna, and Tony J. Prescott. A sketch of the education landscape in biomimetic and biohybrid systems. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0064.
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The Living Machines approach, which can be seen as an exemplar methodology for a wider initiative towards “convergent science,” implies and requires a transdisciplinary understanding that bridges from between science and engineering and to the social sciences, arts, and humanities. In addition, it emphasizes a mix of basic and applied approaches whilst also requiring an awareness of the societal context in which modern research and innovation activities are conducted. This chapter explores the education landscape for postgraduate programs related to the concept of Living Machines, highlighting some challenges that should be addressed and providing suggestions for future course development and policy making. The chapter also reviews some of the within-discipline and across-discipline programs that currently exist, particularly within Europe and the US, and outlines an exemplar degree program that could provide the multi-faceted training needed to pursue research and innovation in Living Machines.
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Bache, Ian. 10. Cohesion Policy A New Direction for New Times? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199689675.003.0010.
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This chapter examines the European Union’s cohesion policy, aimed primarily at reducing the social and economic differences between EU regions. Academic analysis of cohesion policy has generated insights that have framed wider debates about the nature of the EU as a whole, particularly through the concept of multi-level governance. Moreover, while cohesion policy has taken up a growing share of the EU’s budget, its purpose, effectiveness, and durability have been increasingly challenged. Before analysing these issues, the chapter provides an overview of the emergence of cohesion policy, taking into account the Cohesion Fund and policy reform in the 1990s, 2006, and 2013. It then considers the implementation of cohesion policy and discusses five variants of the modes through which the policy handles day-to-day policy-making: the classical Community method, the regulatory policy mode, the distributional policy mode, policy coordination, and intensive transgovernmentalism.
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De Temmerman, Koen, ed. The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Biography. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198703013.001.0001.
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Biography is one of the most widespread literary genres worldwide. This book offers the first wide-ranging, multi-authored survey on biography in Antiquity from its earliest representatives to Late Antiquity. It aims to be a broad introduction and a reference tool on the one hand, and to move significantly beyond the state-of-the-art on the other. To this dual end, it addresses conceptual questions about this sprawling genre, provides both in-depth readings of key-texts and diachronic studies, and deals with the reception of ancient biography in subsequent eras up to today. In addition, it approaches the concept of ancient biography more widely than other reference tools on the topic have done: it examines biographical depictions in different textual and visual media and provides outlines of biographical developments in ancient and late antique cultures other than the Graeco-Roman one.
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Quinn, Tom, and Eva Swahn. The intensive cardiac care unit team. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0011.
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Effective, safe health care is a multidisciplinary undertaking. From its inception, half a century ago, the concept of intensive coronary (now cardiac) care has drawn on the expertise of a range of professionals, particularly physicians working closely with nurses. As the evidence base for some aspects of the intensive cardiac care unit care has developed, the intensive cardiac care unit, in some instances, has striking similarities to the general intensive care unit, while paradoxically traditional intensive cardiac care unit functions have been devolved to other parts of the health care system such as the emergency department or pre-hospital care, and the concept of critical care ‘outreach’ has been further developed to take the expertise to patients on the general ward or even in the pre-hospital phase. With more intensive treatment policies for older people becoming the norm, the range of multi-comorbidities to be addressed by the clinical team requires input from a range of other specialties. Moreover, the increasing complexity of diagnostic and interventional techniques requires close collaboration with laboratory and imaging personnel. Thus, the intensive cardiac care unit team arguably extends beyond staff working solely within the physical structure of the intensive cardiac care unit to encompass a range of other professional and support staff, both within and outside the hospital setting.
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Quinn, Tom, and Eva Swahn. The intensive cardiac care unit team. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0011_update_001.
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Effective, safe health care is a multidisciplinary undertaking. From its inception, half a century ago, the concept of intensive coronary (now cardiac) care has drawn on the expertise of a range of professionals, particularly physicians working closely with nurses. As the evidence base for some aspects of the intensive cardiac care unit care has developed, the intensive cardiac care unit, in some instances, has striking similarities to the general intensive care unit, while paradoxically traditional intensive cardiac care unit functions have been devolved to other parts of the health care system such as the emergency department or pre-hospital care, and the concept of critical care ‘outreach’ has been further developed to take the expertise to patients on the general ward or even in the pre-hospital phase. With more intensive treatment policies for older people becoming the norm, the range of multi-comorbidities to be addressed by the clinical team requires input from a range of other specialties. Moreover, the increasing complexity of diagnostic and interventional techniques requires close collaboration with laboratory and imaging personnel. Thus, the intensive cardiac care unit team arguably extends beyond staff working solely within the physical structure of the intensive cardiac care unit to encompass a range of other professional and support staff, both within and outside the hospital setting.
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Zehmisch, Philipp. Mini-India. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199469864.001.0001.
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This contribution to political anthropology, migration research, and postcolonial studies fills a gap in the hitherto under-represented scholarship on the migrant and settler society of the Andaman Islands, called ‘Mini-India’. Focusing on political, social, economic, and cultural effects of migration, the main actors of the book stem from criminalized, low-caste, landless, refugee, repatriated, Adivasi, and other backgrounds of the subcontinent and South East Asia. Settling in this ‘new world’, some underprivileged migrants achieved social mobility, while others remained disenfranchised and marginal. Employing the concept of subalternity, this ethnographic study analyses various shades of inequality that arise from communities’ material and representational access to the state. It elaborates on the political repercussions of subaltern migration in negotiations of island history, collective identity, ecological sustainability, and resource access. The book is divided into three parts: Part I, titled ‘Theory, Methodology, and the Field’ introduces the reader into subaltern theory and the Andamans as fieldwork site. Part II, titled ‘Islands of Subalternity: Migration, Place-Making, and Politics’ concentrates on the Andaman society as a multi-ethnic conglomerate of subaltern communities in which stakes of history and identity are negotiated. Part III, titled ‘Landscapes of Subalternity: An Ethnography of the Ranchis of Mini-India’ focuses on the Ranchis, one particular community of 50,000 subaltern Adivasi migrants from the Chotanagpur region. It highlights the exploitative history of Ranchi contract labour migration, which triggered specific forms of cultural and ecological appropriation as well as multi-layered strategies of resistance against domination to achieve autonomy, autarchy, and peaceful cohabitation in the margins of the state.
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Kraatz, Mattew, Nelson Phillips, and Paul Tracey. Organizational Identity in Institutional Theory. Edited by Michael G. Pratt, Majken Schultz, Blake E. Ashforth, and Davide Ravasi. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199689576.013.14.
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In this chapter, we explore how the concept of organizational identity has evolved in institutional theory. We begin by examining the different ways that organizational identity has been conceptualized and explain the evolving theoretical interests that lie behind the approaches that have been taken. Building on this, we discuss how organizational identity research might benefit from closer engagement with ideas from institutional theory. In particular, we discuss three possible directions for further development. First, we discuss how Selznick’s work emphasizes the historical, holistic, and value-driven nature of identity and why this is helpful for further developing thinking around organizational identity. Second, we explain how more recent developments in institutional theory such as institutional logics, institutional work, and collective identity provide an important bridge for connecting research in organizational identity and research in institutional theory. And, third, we explore how we might build a comprehensive, multi-level theory of organizational identity and institutions.
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Levin, Frank S. Quantum Boxes, Stringed Instruments. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808275.003.0008.
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Chapter 7 illustrates the results obtained by applying the Schrödinger equation to a simple pedagogical quantum system, the particle in a one-dimensional box. The wave functions are seen to be sine waves; their wavelengths are evaluated and used to calculate the quantized energies via the de Broglie relation. An energy-level diagram of some of the energies is constructed; on it are illustrations of the corresponding wave functions and probability distributions. The wave functions are seen to be either symmetric or antisymmetric about the midpoint of the line representing the box, thereby providing a lead-in to the later exploration of certain symmetry properties of multi-electron atoms. It is next pointed out that the Schrödinger equation for this system is identical to Newton’s equation describing the vibrations of a stretched musical string. The different meaning of the two solutions is discussed, as is the concept and structure of linear superpositions of them.
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Walley, Jonathan. Cinema Expanded. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190938635.001.0001.
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Cinema Expanded: Avant-Garde Film in the Age of Intermedia is a comprehensive historical survey of expanded cinema from the mid-1960s to the present. It offers an historical and theoretical revision of the concept of expanded cinema, placing it in the context of avant-garde/experimental film history rather than the history of new media, intermedia, or multimedia. The book argues that while expanded cinema has taken an incredible variety of forms (including moving image installation, multi-screen films, live cinematic performance, light shows, shadow plays, computer-generated images, video art, sculptural objects, and texts), it is nonetheless best understood as an ongoing meditation by filmmakers on the nature of cinema, specifically, and on its relationship to the other arts. Cinema Expanded also extends its historical and theoretical scope to avant-garde film culture more generally, placing expanded cinema in that context while also considering what it has to tell us about the moving image in the art world and new media environment.
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Kealhofer-Kemp, Leslie. Muslim Women in French Cinema. Liverpool University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9781781381984.001.0001.
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Muslim Women in French Cinema: Voices of Maghrebi Migrants in France is the first comprehensive study of cinematic representations of first-generation Muslim women from the Maghreb (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia) in France. Situated at the intersection of post-colonial studies, gender studies, and film studies, this book uses the multi-layered concept of ‘voice’ as an analytical lens through which to examine a diverse corpus of over 60 documentaries, short films, téléfilms (made-for-television films), and feature films released in France between 1979 and 2014. In examining the ways in which the voices, experiences, and points of view of Maghrebi migrant women in France are represented and communicated through a selection of key films, this study offers new perspectives on Maghrebi migrant women in France. It shows that women of this generation, as they are represented in these films, are far more diverse and often more empowered than has generally been thought on the basis of the relatively narrow range of media and cultural productions that have so far reached mainstream audiences. The films examined in this study are part of larger contemporary debates and discussions relating to immigration, integration, and what it means to be French.
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Hörnle, Julia. Internet Jurisdiction Law and Practice. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806929.001.0001.
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Jurisdiction is the foundational concept for both national laws and international law as it provides the link between the sovereign government and its territory, and ultimately its people. The internet challenges this concept at its root: data travels across the internet without respecting political borders or territory. This book is about this Jurisdictional Challenge created by internet technologies. The Jurisdictional Challenge arises as civil disputes, criminal cases, and regulatory action span different countries, rising questions as to the international competence of courts, law enforcement, and regulators. From a technological standpoint, geography is largely irrelevant for online data flows and this raises the question of who governs “YouTubistan.” Services, communication, and interaction occur online between persons who may be located in different countries. Data is stored and processed online in data centres remote from the actual user, with cloud computing provided as a utility. Illegal acts such as hacking, identity theft and fraud, cyberespionage, propagation of terrorist propaganda, hate speech, defamation, revenge porn, and illegal marketplaces (such as Silkroad) may all be remotely targeted at a country, or simply create effects in many countries. Software applications (“apps”) developed by a software developer in one country are seamlessly downloaded by users on their mobile devices worldwide, without regard to applicable consumer protection, data protection, intellectual property, or media law. Therefore, the internet has created multi-facetted and complex challenges for the concept of jurisdiction and conflicts of law. Traditionally, jurisdiction in private law and jurisdiction in public law have belonged to different areas of law, namely private international law and (public) international law. The unique feature of this book is that it explores the notion of jurisdiction in different branches of “the” law. It analyses legislation and jurisprudence to extract how the concept of jurisdiction is applied in internet cases, taking a comparative law approach, focusing on EU, English, German, and US law. This synthesis and comparison of approaches across the board has produced new insights on how we should tackle the Jurisdictional Challenge. The first three chapters explain the Jurisdictional Challenge created by the internet and place this in the context of technology, sovereignty, territory, and media regulation. The following four chapters focus on public law aspects, namely criminal law and data protection jurisdiction. The next five chapters are about private law disputes, including cross-border B2C e-commerce, online privacy and defamation disputes, and internet intellectual property disputes. The final chapter harnesses the insights from the different areas of law examined.
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Group, Jamsa Media, and Epic Software Group. Macromedia Flash 5 Design: From Concept to Creation (With CD-Rom) (Miscellaneous). Course Technology PTR, 2001.
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41
Haddad, Fanar. Understanding 'Sectarianism'. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197510629.001.0001.
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‘Sectarianism’ is one of the most over-discussed yet under-analysed concepts in debates about the Middle East. Despite the deluge of commentary, there is no agreement on what ‘sectarianism’ is. Is it a social issue, one of dogmatic incompatibility, a historic one or one purely related to modern power politics? Is it something innately felt or politically imposed? Is it a product of modernity or its antithesis? Is it a function of the nation-state or its negation? This book seeks to move the study of modern sectarian dynamics beyond these analytically paralyzing dichotomies by shifting the focus away from the meaningless '-ism' towards the root: sectarian identity. How are Sunni and Shi'a identities imagined, experienced and negotiated and how do they relate to and interact with other identities? Looking at the modern history of the Arab world, Haddad seeks to understand sectarian identity not as a monochrome frame of identification but as a multi-layered concept that operates on several dimensions: doctrinal, subnational, national and transnational. Far from a uniquely Middle Eastern, Arab, or Islamic phenomenon, a better understanding of sectarian identity reveals that the many facets of sectarian relations that are misleadingly labelled "sectarianism" are echoed in intergroup relations worldwide.
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Peterson, Rick. Neolithic cave burials. Manchester University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526118868.001.0001.
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The book studies Neolithic burial in Britain by focussing primarily on evidence from caves. It interprets human remains from 48 Neolithic caves and compares them to what we know of Neolithic collective burial elsewhere in Britain and Europe. It provides a contextual archaeology of these cave burials, treating them as important evidence for the study of Neolithic mortuary practice generally. It begins with a thoroughly contextualized review of the evidence from the karst regions of Europe. It then goes on to provide an up to date and critical review of the archaeology of Neolithic funerary practice. This review uses the ethnographically documented concept of the ‘intermediary period’ in multi-stage burials to integrate archaeological evidence, cave sedimentology and taphonomy. Neolithic caves, environments and the dead bodies within them would also have been perceived as active subjects with similar kinds of agency to the living. The book demonstrates that cave burial was one of the earliest elements of the British Neolithic. It also shows that Early Neolithic cave burial practice was very varied, with many similarities to other Neolithic burial rites. However, by the Middle Neolithic, cave burial had changed and a funerary practice which was specific to caves had developed.
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Zerubavel, Eviatar. Generally Speaking. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197519271.001.0001.
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Defying the conventional split between “theory” and “methodology,” this book introduces a yet unarticulated and thus far never systematized method of theorizing designed to reveal abstract social patterns. Insisting that such methodology can actually be taught, it tries to make the mental processes underlying the practice of a “concept-driven sociology” more explicit. Many sociologists tend to study the specific, often at the expense of also studying the generic. To correct this imbalance, the book examines the theoretico-methodological process by which we can “distill” generic social patterns from the culturally, historically, and situationally specific contexts in which we encounter them. It thus champions a “generic sociology” that is pronouncedly transcontextual (transcultural, transhistorical, transsituational, and translevel) in its scope. In order to uncover generic, transcontextual social patterns, data need to be collected in a wide range of social contexts. Such contextual diversity is manifested multi-culturally, multihistorically, multisituationally, as well as at multiple levels of social aggregation. True to its message, the book illustrates generic social patterns by drawing on numerous examples from diverse cultural contexts and historical periods and a wide range of diverse social domains, as well as by disregarding scale. Emphasizing cross-contextual commonality, generic sociology tries to reveal formal “parallels” across seemingly disparate contexts. This book features the four main types of cross-contextual analogies generic sociologists tend to use (cross-cultural, cross-historical, cross-domain, and cross-level), disregarding conventionally noted substantive differences in order to note conventionally disregarded formal equivalences.
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Gould, D. Rae, Holly Herbster, Heather Law Pezzarossi, and Stephen A. Mrozowski. Historical Archaeology and Indigenous Collaboration. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066219.001.0001.
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This multi-authored case study of three Nipmuc sites is an introductory archaeology text that includes a tribal member as one of the scholars. Collaboration between the authors over two decades is a key theme in the book, serving as a model for a primary topic of the book. Historical Archaeology and Indigenous Collaboration engages young scholars in archaeology and Native American history, teaching them about respecting and including indigenous knowledge and perspectives on colonization and indigenous identity. A key asset is access by indigenous peoples whose past is explored in this book. The case study offers an arena in which Nipmuc history continues to unfold, from the pre-Contact period up to the present, and stresses the strong relationships between Nipmuc people of the past and present to their land and related social and political conflicts over time. A double narrative approach (the authors sharing their experiences while exploring the stories of individuals from the past whose voices emerge through their work) explores key issues of continuity, commonality, authenticity and identity many Native people have confronted today and in the past. As a model of collaborative archaeology, the relationships that developed between the authors stress the critical role personal relationships play in the development and growth of scholarly collaborations. Beyond being “engaged,” indigenous peoples need to be integral to any research focused on their history and culture. Although not entirely a new concept, this book demonstrates how collaboration can move beyond engagement and consultation to true incorporation of indigenous knowledge and scholarship.
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Nygard, Stefan, ed. The Politics of Debt and Europe's Relations with the 'South'. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474461405.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
While debt has the capacity to sustain social relations by joining together the two parties of a debt relation, it also contains the risk of deteriorating into domination and bargaining. Throughout history, different understandings of debt have therefore gravitated between reciprocity and domination, making it a key concept for understanding the dynamics of both social cohesion and fragmentation. The book considers the social, spatial and temporal meanings of this ambiguity and relates them to contemporary debates over debts between North and South in Europe, which in turn are embedded in a longer global history of North-South relations. The individual chapters discuss how debts incurred in the past are mobilised in political debates in the present. This dynamic is highlighted with regard to regional and global North-South relations. An essential feature in debates on this topic is the difficult question of retribution and possible ways of “paying” – a term that is etymologically connected to “pacification” – for past injustice. Against this backdrop, the book combines a discussion of the multi-layered European and global North-South divide with an effort to retrieve alternatives to the dominant and divisive uses of debt for staking out claims against someone or something. Discovering new and forgotten ways of thinking about debt and North-South relations, the chapters are divided into four sections that focus on 1) debt and social theory, 2) Greece and Germany as Europe’s South and North, 3) the ‘South’ between the local, the regional and the global, and 4) debt and the politics of history.