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Journal articles on the topic 'Multi Reference Frame (MRF)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Li, Ji Hui, Li Qiang Ma, Xing Wang Xiao, Wen Jing Li, and Lei Xu. "Numerical Simulation of Multi-Impeller High Intensity Conditioning in Fine Coal Flotation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 508 (January 2014): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.508.121.

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The numerical simulation of a mixing vessel with three layers of six 45° leaned blade disc turbine impeller was conducted by using the standard k-ε turbulence model and multiple reference frame method (MRF), the velocity field were analyzed. Results show that multi-impeller increases the fluid turbulence zone, strengthens the mixing effect and enhances the function of the axial velocity gradient of conditioning vessel.

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Niki Veranda Agil Permadi and Erik Sugianto. "CFD Simulation Model for Optimum Design of B-Series Propeller using Multiple Reference Frame (MRF)." CFD Letters 14, no. 11 (2022): 22–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.14.11.2239.

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Propulsion system is one of ship systems which require more attention, especially on propeller design. The propeller design greatly affects the ship speed. It is expected to be able to have maximum value of thrust coefficient and efficiency. Hence, the optimum design of propeller can be obtained by multi objective optimization process. In this study, a preliminary optimization is applied to B-series propeller with the Non-dominated Sort Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II). The purpose of this study is to find out the optimum performance of B-series propeller. The thrust coefficient and open water e

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Belhanafi, Abdelghani, Zied Driss, and Mohamed Salah Abid. "Hydrodynamic Comparative Study on the Pumping Effects of a Square Tank Equipped with Single-Stage and Bi-Stage Impellers." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Electrical and Mechanical Engineering 14, no. 1 (2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/auseme-2022-0001.

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Abstract A computational fluid dynamics simulation is done for comparative study from the pumping effect on the four surfaces of the stirred tank. The flow field generated by one-stage and bi-stage six-bladed Rushton turbine in the unbaffled square tank was studied. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equation with steady-state multi-reference frame approach (MRF) is used to simulate hydrodynamic flow in the tank. The turbulent viscosity, the turbulent kinetic energy and mean velocity distributions obtained in vertical and horizontal plans are analyzed and discussed. We can deduce that the add

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Li, Liangchao, and Bin Xu. "CFD simulation of gas-liquid floating particles mixing in an agitated vessel." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 23, no. 3 (2017): 377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq160129052l.

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Gas dispersion and floating particles suspension in an agitated vessel were studied numerically by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The Eulerian multi-fluid model along with standard k-? turbulence model was used in the simulation. A multiple reference frame (MRF) approach was used to solve the impeller rotation. The velocity field, gas and floating particles holdup distributions in the vessel were first obtained, and then, the effects of operating conditions on gas dispersion and solid suspension were investigated. The simulation results show that velocity field of solid phase and ga

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Kim, Young-Tae, Chang Hwan Park, and Hak Yoon Kim. "Computerized Fluid Dynamic Study of Parameter Effects on the Performance of Coaxial Propellers." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 7 (2020): 3237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9167.

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The computerized fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis was performed for 1.8 m diameter coaxial propellers to be applied to the multi-copter type Personal Air Vehicle (PAV) having conceptually 600 kg of Maximum Take-Off Weight (MTOW). Methods/Statistical analysis: Using the commercial CFD program STAR-CCM+ (13.03.11), the coaxial propellers were analyzed at the same RPM under the steady state condition. The three-dimensional Compressible Reynolds Mean Navier-Stokes equation was applied and the Moving Reference Frame (MRF) technique was used. With the optimum single pitch angle of upper propeller, the l

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Abdelghani, BELHANAFI. "Numerical Investigation of Hydrodynamics Induced by a Pitched Blade Turbine: Effect of the Shape of Vessel Base." Mechanics 25, no. 5 (2019): 370–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.mech.25.5.23015.

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This paper presents an numerical analysis influence of bottom shape on the hydrodynamic structure for cylindrical stirred vessel with bump. The turbulent flow generated in stirred tanks is numerically predicted by the resolution of the Navier-Stokes equation using standard k-ε turbulent model. Several parameters on the mixture efficiency has been investigated. Particularly, we have studied the bottom shape of the tank, which is the distance between the bump-turbine with down pumping direction and impeller diameter. The numerical obtained results of the CFD (computational fluid dynamics) code C

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Dai, Yu, Feiyue Ma, Xiang Zhu, and Jifu Jia. "Numerical Simulation Investigation on the Windage Power Loss of a High-Speed Face Gear Drive." Energies 12, no. 11 (2019): 2093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12112093.

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Reducing the energy consumption and improving the efficiency of high-speed transmission systems are increasingly common goals; the windage power loss is not negligible in these methods. In this work, the multi-reference frame (MRF) and periodic boundary conditions (PBC) based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method were adopted to investigate the windage phenomena of a single face gear with and without a shroud, and the impact of the gear speed on the windage power loss was analyzed. Furthermore, the effects on the distribution of static pressure due to the distances between the shrou

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Gan, Wenbiao, Yunpeng Wang, Hongbo Wang, and Junjie Zhuang. "Aerodynamic Investigation on a Coaxial-Rotors Unmanned Aerial Vehicle of Bionic Chinese Parasol Seed." Biomimetics 9, no. 7 (2024): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics9070403.

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Aerodynamic investigation of a bionic coaxial-rotors unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is performed. According to Chinese parasol seed features and flight requirements, the bionic conceptual design of a coaxial-rotors UAV is described. A solution procedure for the numerical simulation method, based on a multi-reference frame (MRF) model, is expressed, and a verification study is presented using the typical case. The aerodynamic design is conducted for airfoil, blade, and coaxial-rotors interference. The aerodynamic performance of the coaxial rotors is investigated by numerical simulation analysis.

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ZHOU, XUELING, YIFAN LIU, WEN YU, SHAOJIE CHENG, and JIANZHONG YIN. "SIMULATION OF SOLID–LIQUID SUSPENSION AND SCALE-UP OF AGAROSE GEL ACTIVATION REACTOR." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 16, no. 06 (2016): 1650087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519416500871.

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Agarose gel activation reaction, which is of great importance in preparing the carrier of the column packing material for blood purification, would be significantly influenced by the configuration and parameter of reactor. In order to optimize the structure design of the reactor and operating parameters of the process, the characteristics of suspension system composed of agarose gel, NaOH, water, 3-allyl bromide, and activated alumina were simulated numerically utilizing an Eulerian multiphase flow model and multi-reference frame (MRF) approach. The effect of impeller configuration was studied

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Lei, Yao, and Xiangzheng Zhao. "Aerodynamic Performance Assessment of Distributed Electric Propulsion after the Wing Trailing Edge." Applied Sciences 14, no. 1 (2023): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14010280.

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Distributed electric propulsion (DEP) with four propellers distributed along the rear edge of the wing (pusher DEP configuration) promote aerodynamic interactions to a higher level. To study the aerodynamic performance of DEP with the rear wing through simulations and experiments, the multi-reference frame (MRF) with sliding grid is combined with wind tunnel tests. The obtained results demonstrate that the lift and drag of DEP increase with the angle of attack (AoA) and are related to the relative position of the propellers and wing. The propeller has no significant effect on the lift of the w

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Vázquez-Santos, Alejandra, Nahum Camacho-Zamora, José Hernández-Hernández, Agustín L. Herrera-May, Lorena del Carmen Santos-Cortes, and María Elena Tejeda-del-Cueto. "Numerical Analysis and Validation of an Optimized B-Series Marine Propeller Based on NSGA-II Constrained by Cavitation." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 2 (2024): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020205.

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Constantly growing environmental concerns focused on reducing pollution, in addition to rising fuel costs in recent years, have led the maritime industry to develop and implement fuel-saving solutions. Among them is the optimization of marine propeller efficiency, as marine propellers are a crucial part of ship’s propulsion system. During the initial design stage, selecting the optimal propeller is considered a multi-objective optimization process. This research focused on maximizing propeller open water efficiency, while minimizing engine brake power constrained by thrust and cavitation. Opti

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Raja, Vijayanandh, Senthil Kumar Solaiappan, Parvathy Rajendran, Senthil Kumar Madasamy, and Sunghun Jung. "Conceptual Design and Multi-Disciplinary Computational Investigations of Multirotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Environmental Applications." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (2021): 8364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188364.

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This study focuses on establishing a conceptual design for a multirotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The objectives of this octocopter are to reduce the number of flight cancelations and car accidents owing to low-visibility issues and to improve abnormal environmental conditions due to the presence of smoke. The proposed octocopter contains a convergent–divergent [CD] duct-based storage tank, which provides a platform to store saltwater and allows it to fly in foggy zones. Fine saltwater is sprayed from the octocopter and dispersed into the low clouds, thereby altering the vapor’s microphys

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Tutar, Mustafa, and Janset Betul Cam. "Computational Design of an Energy-Efficient Small Axial-Flow Fan Using Staggered Blades with Winglets." International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power 10, no. 1 (2025): 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp10010001.

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The present study introduces a conceptual design of a small axial-flow fan. Both individual and combined effects of blade stagger angle and winglet on the performance of the fan design are investigated in design and off-design operating conditions using a computational flow methodology. A stepwise solution, in which a proper stagger angle adjustment of a specifically generated blade profile is followed by appending a winglet at the tip of the blade with consideration of different geometrical parameters, is proposed to improve the performance characteristics of the fan. The initial model compar

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Wu, Ping-Chen, Tzu-Chi Yeh, and Yu-Cheng Wang. "Stern Duct with NACA Foil Section Designed by Resistance and Self-Propulsion Simulation for Japan Bulk Carrier." Inventions 10, no. 2 (2025): 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions10020032.

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The objective of the presented work is the stern duct design for the JBC (Japan Bulk Carrier) hull form. Since the original duct only provides a 0.6% resistance reduction, an innovative duct will be proposed to improve the ship resistance and propulsion performance. The duct section geometry is based on the NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) 4-digit foil series. First, we analyze whether the wake flow field and total resistance of the ship are improved, and then we investigate the self-propulsion performance for the selected ones. The research tool is the CFD (Computational Flu

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Abdel Karim, Hazem Ali, Ahmed Reda El-Baz, Nabil Abdel Aziz Mahmoud, and Ashraf Mostafa Hamed. "Numerical analysis on the performance of Dual Rotor wind turbine." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 8, no. 03 (2020): 352–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v8i03.ec02.

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This study investigates the aerodynamic performance of wind turbines aiming to maximize the power extracted from the wind. The study is focusing on the effect of introducing a second rotor to the main rotor of the wind turbine in what is called a dual rotor wind turbine (DRWT). The numerical study took place on the performance of small-scale model of wind turbine of 0.9 m diameter using S826 airfoil. Both the Co-rotating and Counter rotating configurations were investigated at different tip speed ratios (TSR) and compared with the performance of the single rotor wind turbine (SRWT). Many

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Franzke, Randi, Simone Sebben, Tore Bark, Emil Willeson, and Alexander Broniewicz. "Evaluation of the Multiple Reference Frame Approach for the Modelling of an Axial Cooling Fan." Energies 12, no. 15 (2019): 2934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12152934.

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The modelling of rotating parts, such as axial fans, is one of the main challenges of current CFD simulations of industrial applications. Different methods are available, but the most commonly used is the multiple reference frame (MRF) method. This paper investigates how different flow properties, such as temperature, pressure and velocity, develop when passing through the MRF domain. The results are compared to the more physical rigid body motion (RBM) approach. It is found that the MRF method transports the upstream properties with the streamlines of the relative velocity from the upstream t

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Walsh, Christian, and Parmar Bhavesh. "CFD Analysis on the Performance of Centrifugal Pump." Research and Applications of Thermal Engineering 8, no. 1 (2025): 32–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15221887.

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<em>The CFD-code FLUENT, version 5.4, was used to analyze the flow of two test pumps of the end-suction volute type, one with a low specific speed and the other with a medium specific speed. Head as a function of flow rate at constant rotational speed is known for both, according to experiments. For the analysis of turbomachinery flows, FLUENT offers three different calculation methods: the Multiple Reference Frame technique (MRF), the Mixing Plane method (MP), and the Sliding Mesh method (SM). In all three methods, the rotor flow is computed in a revolving reference frame, whereas the stator

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Kitamura, Masashi, Byungjin An, and Motohiko Nohmi. "Noise prediction of a box fan by RANS simulation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2217, no. 1 (2022): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2217/1/012036.

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Abstract The characteristics of aerodynamic performance and aerodynamic noise of a box fan were evaluated to investigate the industrial applicability of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with Reynolds averaged numerical simulation (RANS) model for fan design. In the case of unsteady RANS, the characteristic of the static pressure rise for flow rates was in good agreement with the experimental results. Aerodynamic noise performance at the design flow rate and low flow rate is well predicted using acoustic/viscous splitting technique based on unsteady RANS with multiple reference frame (MRF). A

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Ali, Ansar, and ThiyamTamphasana Devi. "CFD SIMULATION MODEL FOR MIXING TANK USING MULTIPLE REFERENCE FRAME (MRF) IMPELLER ROTATION." International Journal of Technical Research & Science Special, Issue3 (2020): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30780/specialissue-icaccg2020/026.

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Zhang, Yong, Zhong Li, and Aiming Yang. "Numerical Analysis on Self-Propulsion of a Waterjet-Propelled Ship with Different Propulsion Models." Applied Sciences 12, no. 14 (2022): 7148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12147148.

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The hydrodynamics of the waterjet-propelled ship is a challenging issue due to the sophistication of waterjet system geometry as well as waterjet–hull interaction. In current study, three different propulsion models, namely, multiple reference frame (MRF) model, sliding mesh model and body-force model, are utilized to simulate the self-propulsion of a waterjet-propelled ship model. A body-force model based on a User-Defined Function (UDF) on the ANSYS Fluent platform is proposed. The computational cost, wave pattern, jet stream surface, and self-propelled hull resistance of the MRF model and b

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Raynaldo, Kevin, Steven Darmawan, and Agus Halim. "INVESTIGASI ALIRAN PADA THRUSTER ROV (REMOTELY OPERATED VEHICLE) MENGGUNAKAN METODE CFD." Jurnal Muara Sains, Teknologi, Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan 5, no. 2 (2021): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmstkik.v5i2.9986.

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Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) is an underwater robot that designed by UNTAR Robotics Team and has been competed in Singapore Robotics Games (SRG) 2020. Evaluation that conducted from the competition is the need of optimization in thrust and maneuverability so it can move more flexible and stable. Based on the problem, investigation of thruster’s configuration by adding kort nozzle to existing propeller is implemented to increase thrust and performance. Consideration in using open water characteristics for analysis is elaborated in this investigation. The existing propeller has 3-blade with 3

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Shao, Wen-Ze, Hai-Song Deng, and Zhi-Hui Wei. "A posterior mean approach for MRF-based spatially adaptive multi-frame image super-resolution." Signal, Image and Video Processing 9, no. 2 (2013): 437–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11760-013-0458-x.

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Tadesse, Z. L., H. K. Padavala, and V. R. P. Koteswara. "Effect of subterranean levels on the dynamic response of RC-MRF buildings." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1273, no. 1 (2023): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1273/1/012014.

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Abstract The dynamic response of reinforced concrete moment resisting frame (RC-MRF) building structures is mostly altered by the substructure system such as the type of foundations and features of subterranean levels, as well as subsurface soil conditions. The majority of low-to high-rise buildings, in urban areas, are designed with one or multi-level subterranean levels for parking and other services. However, many designers overlooked incorporating these subterranean levels and soils in the seismic resistance analysis assuming that the building is fixed at the ground surface. The present st

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Liu, Ying, Xiaoyuan Liu, and Shijie Xu. "A novel video steganography against local optimality-based steganalysis schemes." Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 25, no. 3 (2024): 2081–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/14727978241309542.

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Current state-of-the-art motion vector (MV)-based video steganography modifies MVs with some designed rules and the rules usually contradict the principles of the video codec, for example, the local optimality of MVs in rate-distortion sense. By checking the local optimality of MVs, prevalent steganalytic methods can detect most MV-based steganographic schemes. In this paper, a novel multiple reference frame motion estimation (MRF-ME)-based steganographic scheme to guarantee the local optimality of a modified MV is proposed. Firstly, a pre-selected stage is developed to collect the local optim

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Wang, Liren, Wei Lyu, and Yan Wang. "Numerical Study on a Medium-pressure Centrifugal Fan Near Stall Condition with Different Computational Fluid Dynamics Methods." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3041, no. 1 (2025): 012027. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3041/1/012027.

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Abstract Centrifugal fans have always played an essential role in engineering applications. To better study the flow characteristics of centrifugal fans, this paper carried out numerical studies on a medium-pressure centrifugal fan near stall condition using two different computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods: the multiple reference frame (MRF) method and the sliding mesh method (SMM). The accuracy of these two methods under different conditions is compared. It is found that under the standard operating point, both methods can provide accurate pressure predictions. However, the SMM method

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Yi, Xian, Kun Chen, Kai Chun Wang, and Hong Lin Ma. "Design of Icing Prober Configuration for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine." Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (December 2012): 658–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.658.

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A design approach of ice detection system for wind turbine is presented in this paper. Basic steps for design are proposed. Numerical arithmetic used for design configuration and shape of the icing prober is given. The arithmetic is composed of the Multiple Reference Frame (MRF) method to calculate flowfield of air, a Lagrangian method to compute droplet trajectories and a technique for fast computing ice accretion. Icing prober configuration for a 1.5 MW horizontal axis wind turbine is then obtained with the approach. The state of wind turbine icing can be reflected by the prober in real time

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Byun, Juwon, Jinha Choi, and Jaeseok Kim. "A fast multi-reference frame motion estimation algorithm." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 56, no. 3 (2010): 1911–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2010.5606346.

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Liang, Ying Na. "Numerical Simulation of the Laminar Flow Field in Stirred Tank with Double Layer Combined Impeller Stirring Eccentrically." Applied Mechanics and Materials 779 (July 2015): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.779.125.

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was applied to study the flow field in cylindrical stirred tank mixing non-Newtonian fluid with double layer combined impeller of upper-straight-blade and lower-inclined-blade. The laminar model and the multiple reference frame (MRF) were employed to simulate the three-dimensional flow field in stirred tank with double layer combined impeller rotating at a constant speed of 200 r/min mixing the mixture of glycerin and water centrally、eccentrically and relative eccentrically, and three different flow structures in stirred tank were obtained. Analyzing t

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Xu, Pei, Yingchun Guo, and Yin Zhang. "Research on a Strategy for Prediction Methods of Submarine Self-Propulsion Hydrodynamic Performance." Applied Sciences 14, no. 20 (2024): 9294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14209294.

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To investigate the impact of different computational strategies on the self-propulsion hydrodynamic performance of a submarine model, a study was conducted using the RANS method, employing both the steady-state Moving Reference Frame (MRF) method and the unsteady Rigid Body Motion (RBM) method. Numerical simulations of the self-propulsion hydrodynamic performance of the submarine model were performed under different computational strategies, including submarine with propeller, submarine first and propeller second, and propeller rotational speed iteration. The differences between these strategi

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BELHANAFI, Abdelghani, Omar LADJEDEL, and Lahouari ADJLLOUT. "Effect of Blade Number of an Anchor Agitator on the Laminar Flow in a Cylindrical Vessel." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Electrical and Mechanical Engineering 16 (January 8, 2025): 16–25. https://doi.org/10.47745/auseme-2024-0002.

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The mixing of non-Newtonian fluids is a common phenomenon in industrial processes, where efficiency depends on the hydrodynamics of the stirring tank. A numerical study was conducted in a cylindrical vessel equipped with an agitator operating at a low Reynolds number. The liquid height was kept equal to the tank diameter. ANSYS CFD CFX was used to solve the numerical equations employing the MRF (Multiple Reference Frame) approach. The profiles and velocity distribution in vertical and horizontal planes were analyzed and discussed. The results show a reasonably good agreement with experimental

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Grigorev, Sergey, Maria Ravilevna Koroleva, and Olga Vladimirovna Mishchenkova. "Peculiarities of numerical simulation of air/heat curtain operation in OpenFOAM." Proceedings of the Institute for System Programming of the RAS 35, no. 2 (2023): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15514/ispras-2023-35(2)-15.

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The issues of mathematical modeling of turbulent heat-conductive flow of compressible viscous medium in the internal volume of the body of an air-thermal curtain equipped with a tangential fan are considered. The solution of the problem is constructed on the basis of averaged Reynolds (Favre) Navier-Stokes equations. The solution of the problem is obtained using the MRF (Multiple Reference Frame) approach, which uses a rotating reference frame, and using a transformation of the basic Navier-Stokes equations in the rotation zone. In order to correctly describe the working processes occurring in

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Suh, I. D., I. Lee, S. Lee, J. Im, B. Ji, and S. H. Rhee. "A RESEARCH ON MOTION PREDICTION METHOD FOR THE UNDERWATER TOWED BODY USING MOVING REFERENCE FRAME METHOD." Journal of Computational Fluids Engineering 28, no. 2 (2023): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.6112/kscfe.2023.28.2.054.

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Zhang, Ling, Peng Jie Huang, Hai Qiang Li, and Yun Peng Diao. "CFD Analysis of Impeller Internal Flow Field in Multistage Pump with Inducer." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 1937–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.1937.

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Based on the three-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged N-S equations and the standard k-ε turbulence model, the inner flow of a multistage vane water centrifugal pump was simulated. The distribution law of inner flow was analyzed by using the SIMPLEC algorithm and multiple reference frame (MRF) model provided by CFD software Fluent. The pressure and velocity distribution law in impeller and vane diffuser are obtained. Results indicated that the lowest pressure area , where cavitation was easy to occur, was in the inlet of the first impeller blade back. There is reverse flow in outlet of impeller. An

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Raheem, Shehata E. Abdel, Mohamed M. Ahmed, and Tarek M. A. Alazrak. "SOIL-RAFT FOUNDATION-STRUCTURE INTERACTION EFFECTS ON SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF MULTI-STORY MRF BUILDINGS." Engineering Structures and Technologies 6, no. 2 (2014): 43–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/2029882x.2014.972656.

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Recent studies show that the effects of Soil Structure Interaction (SSI) may be detrimental to the seismic response of structure and neglecting SSI in analysis may lead to un-conservative design. Despite this, the conventional design procedure usually involves assumption of fixity at the base of foundation neglecting the flexibility of the foundation, the compressibility of soil mass and consequently the effect of foundation settlement on further redistribution of bending moment and shear force demands. The effects of SSI are analyzed for typical multi-story building resting on raft foundation

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Elhami Khorasani, Negar, Maria Garlock, and Paolo Gardoni. "Probabilistic performance-based evaluation of a tall steel moment resisting frame under post-earthquake fires." Journal of Structural Fire Engineering 7, no. 3 (2016): 193–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsfe-09-2016-014.

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Purpose This paper aims to develop a framework to assess the reliability of structures subject to a fire following an earthquake (FFE) event. The proposed framework is implemented in one seamless programming environment and is used to analyze an example nine-story steel moment-resisting frame (MRF) under an FFE. The framework includes uncertainties in load and material properties at elevated temperatures and evaluates the MRF performance based on various limit states. Design/methodology/approach Specifically, this work models the uncertainties in fire load density, yield strength and modulus o

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Ramadhan, Andhika Daffa, Roro Sulaksitaningrum, I. Putu Ellsa Sarassantika, and Cintantya Budi Casita. "Comparison of Seismic Performance of L-Shaped Multi-Story Structures with Eccentrically Braced Frame and Friction Dampers." Bentang : Jurnal Teoritis dan Terapan Bidang Rekayasa Sipil 13, no. 1 (2025): 34–48. https://doi.org/10.33558/bentang.v13i1.10115.

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At the stage of planning the design of an asymmetric multi-story structure, the seismic performance of the structure must be considered, especially in earthquake prone areas. A structure can increase its capacity to withstand seismic loads by using an appropriate bracing system, such as eccentric bracing or utilizing seismic dampers like friction dampers. This research aims to compare five L-shaped multi-story steel structural models using Eccentrically Braced Frame and friction dampers. The models that focus of this research are model 1 (Moment Resisting Frame), model 2 (structure with diagon

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Gao, Yanbo, Xun Cai, Shuai Li, Jiajing Chai, and Chuankun Li. "Position-Guided Multi-Head Alignment and Fusion for Video Super-Resolution." Electronics 13, no. 22 (2024): 4372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13224372.

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Video super-resolution (VSR), which takes advantage of multiple low-resolution (LR) video frames to reconstruct corresponding high-resolution (HR) frames in a video, has raised increasing interest. To upsample an LR frame (denoted by a reference frame), VSR methods usually align multiple neighboring frames (denoted by supporting frames) to the reference frame first in order to provide more relevant information. The existing VSR methods usually employ deformable convolution to conduct the frame alignment, where the whole supporting frame is aligned to the reference frame without a specific targ

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Yi, Xian, Kai Chun Wang, and Hong Lin Ma. "Prediction of Ice Accretion on Wind Turbine with Numerical Method." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 754–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.754.

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A three dimensional numerical method and its computer codes, which are suitable to predict the process of horizontal axis wind turbine icing, are presented. The method is composed of the Multiple Reference Frame (MRF) method to calculate flowfield of air, an Eulerian method to compute collection efficiency and a three dimensional icing model companying with an iterative arithmetic for solving the model. Ice accretion on a 1.5 MW horizontal axis wind turbine is then computed with the numerical method, and characteristics of droplet collection efficiency and ice shape/type are obtained. The resu

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Zhang, Qun Feng, Hui Min Cui, Jin Li Yan, Min Wang, and Zhi Xiang Chen. "Temperature Simulation on Rotor and Stator of Hydro-Generator." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 2411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.2411.

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Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, energy equation and V2f turbulence model equations governing the flow field of the rotor frame, magnetic yoke and the pole, the stator were solved with finite volume method(FVM) based on unstructured mesh. The MRF(multiple implicit rotating frame) method was used to simulated the rotating motion of the rotor frame, magnetic yoke and the pole. The flow characteristic of different parts was analyzed. The influence of the gap size between insulating layer of bar core, the gap size between insulating layer of pole and coil to the temperature distri

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Li, Hua, Yuchen Yue, and Jianhua Luo. "Video Compressed Sensing Reconstruction Based on Multi-Dimensional Reference Frame Multi Hypothesis Rediction." Journal of Information Hiding and Privacy Protection 4, no. 2 (2022): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32604/jihpp.2022.027692.

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Tartaglia, Roberto, Mario D’Aniello, Giuseppe Maddaloni, and Raffaele Landolfo. "Seismic Performance of Moment-Resisting–Eccentrically Braced Dual Frame Equipped with Detachable Links." Applied Sciences 14, no. 11 (2024): 4676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14114676.

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Moment-resisting frames (MRFs) and eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) can be effectively combined in multi-story steel buildings. In fact, MRFs provide redundancy and ductility, while EBFs provide initial and post-yield stiffness with high energy dissipation capacity. In addition, if detachable links are designed as dissipative fuses, it is possible to activate their almost contemporary yielding and prevent the collapse of structures during severe earthquakes, ensuring easy repair and rehabilitation measures. The seismic responses of dual frames with MRFs and EBFs are investigated by means of

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Li, Jiao Jiao, and You Cheng Zhang. "Numberical Simulation of Labyrinth Screw Pump with Separated Structure by Fluent." Applied Mechanics and Materials 455 (November 2013): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.455.242.

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3D model and grid was conducted in Gambit,while single-phase flow field in the pump was simulated in CFD code-Fluent,by means of multiple reference frame (MRF) method, Renormalization group k-ε two-equation turbulence model (RNG k-εmodel) and Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equations (SIMPLEC) algorithm. Aim at problems generated by pump body such as body length limitation on pressure increasing, three new structure of labyrinth screw pumps,rotor separated LSP,stator separated LSP and rotor stator all separated LSP, were put forward in this paper.The analytical results got by contrast

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Saredi, E., A. Sciacchitano, and F. Scarano. "A Novel Multi-Step Multi-Exposure PTV Algorithm With Adaptive Time Separation." Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Application of Laser and Imaging Techniques to Fluid Mechanics 20 (July 11, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55037/lxlaser.20th.176.

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This work proposes a new multi-step measurement algorithm for PTV to cope with high flow velocities that do not allow time-resolved measurements. The proposed methodology relies on an iterative process, whereby a double-frame single-pulse image acquisition is followed by a multi-exposure acquisition. The novelty of the approach lies in the adaptive selection of the time separation used in the second acquisition to maximise the measurement dynamic velocity range and minimise the occurrence of overlapping particle images. The adaptive selection is performed based on the velocity field obtained b

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Luan, De Yu, Shen Jie Zhou, and Song Ying Chen. "Investigation on Laminar Flow Field Performances in a Dual-Impeller Stirred Tank." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 2964–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2964.

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Abstract: The 3D flow field generated by a dual-impeller in the agitation of glycerin fluid was simulated using the commercial CFD package. The flow was modeled as laminar and a multiple reference frame (MRF) approach was used to solve the discretized equations of motion. The velocity profiles with a dual-impeller rotating at constant speed of 200r/min and at different layer clearances were obtained. By analysis to their axial and radial velocity vector plots and velocity distribution curves, it is found that the velocity distributions of the dual 6-bladed radial disc turbines (2-6DT) are bett

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Fan, Jun Ling, and De Yu Luan. "Numerical Simulation of Laminar Flow Field in a Stirred Tank with a Rushton Impeller or a Pitch 4-Bladed Turbine." Advanced Materials Research 557-559 (July 2012): 2375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.2375.

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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was applied to the study of flow field in the agitation of glycerin fluid with a Rushton impeller and a pitch 4-bladed turbine. The flow was modeled as laminar and a multiple reference frame (MRF) approach was used to solve the discretized equations of motion. The velocity profiles predicted by the simulation with four different impellers rotating at constant speed of 200r/min were obtained. By analysis to their axial, radial and tangent velocity vector plots, velocity contours and velocity distribution curves, it was found that the stirred effect of t

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Du, Peicheng, Qi Zhao, Xin Wu, and Lele Zhang. "Aerodynamic characteristics analysis of the transitional state of foldable-wing UAVs." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2977, no. 1 (2025): 012035. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2977/1/012035.

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Abstract This study is based on the Multiple Reference Frame (MRF) method to construct a numerical simulation model of the transition state of a folding wing vertical takeoff and landing unmanned aerial vehicle, and to investigate the influence of propellers on the aerodynamic characteristics of the wing under different inflow velocities during the transition phase. The research results indicate that the lift and drag of the wing increase first and then decrease with the increase of folding angle, especially at higher inflow velocities, where airflow separation is significantly intensified, re

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Tarn, Tzyh-Jong, Jindong Tan, and Ning Xi. "A PERCEPTIVE REFERENCE FRAME FOR COOPERATIVE AND RECONFIGURABLE MULTI-ROBOT SYSTEMS." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 38, no. 1 (2005): 553–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20050703-6-cz-1902.01362.

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Paramkusam, Adapa Venkata, and Vustikayala Siva Kumar Reddy. "An efficient multi-layer reference frame motion estimation for video coding." Journal of Real-Time Image Processing 11, no. 4 (2014): 645–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11554-014-0431-0.

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Sośnica, K., G. Bury, and R. Zajdel. "Contribution of Multi‐GNSS Constellation to SLR‐Derived Terrestrial Reference Frame." Geophysical Research Letters 45, no. 5 (2018): 2339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017gl076850.

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Li, Si, Honggang Qi, Yundong Zhang, and Guoqin Cui. "Three-Stage Multi-Frame Multi-Channel In-Loop Filter of VVC." Electronics 14, no. 5 (2025): 1033. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14051033.

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For the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard, extensive research has been conducted on in-loop filtering to improve encoding efficiency. However, most methods use only spatial characteristics without exploiting the content correlation across multiple frames or fully utilizing the inter-channel relational information. In this paper, we introduce a novel three-stage Multi-frame Multi-channel In-loop Filtering (3-MMIF) method for VVC that improves the quality of each encoded frame by harnessing the correlations between adjacent frames and channels. Firstly, we establish a comprehensive database

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