Relevant bibliographies by topics / Multi Tariff

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  1. Journal articles
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  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Multi Tariff'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Multi Tariff"

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Rickard, John, Allen Russell, and Christine Martini. "Welfare policy and multi-national monopolies." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series B. Applied Mathematics 34, no. 2 (October 1992): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0334270000008699.

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AbstractThis paper examines the role of import tariffs and consumption taxes when a product is supplied to a domestic market by a foreign monopoly via a subsidiary. It is assumed that there is no competition in the domestic market from internal suppliers. The home country is able to levy a profits tax on the subsidiary; the objective of our analysis is to determine the levels of tariff or consumption tax which maximise national welfare. Comparisons are made under the two alternative policies from the perspectives of national welfare, total national cost and average national cost. The major policy implication of the analysis is that a consumption tax is the more effective instrument for maximising national welfare provided the profits tax is less than a certain critical value; if the profits tax exceeds this value then a tariff, though in the form of a subsidy, is the most effective instrument. Our results complement, correct and extend an earlier analysis by Katrak (1977) [6].
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Kang, Jong Woo, and Suzette Dagli. "Tariff barriers and industrial spillover effects." Journal of Korea Trade 22, no. 3 (September 10, 2018): 228–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkt-03-2018-0018.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that higher tariffs under protectionism will have significant indirect impact through industrial forward and backward linkages, causing greater economic losses to tariff-imposing economies than to exporting countries. Design/methodology/approach The authors use partial equilibrium analysis based on unique multi-regional input-output (IO) data in measuring the second-round spillover effects of higher tariffs, also investigating the scenario of plausible substitutability across import sources as well as sectors based on historical import intensity data. Findings Higher tariffs do not only have a direct impact, but also a significant indirect impact—through forward and backward linkages. Indirect effects can be extensive across economies and sectors—both in forward and backward linkages such as in transport—when value chains are longer and more complex. When possible substitution effects between different import sources and sectors are considered, negative forward linkage effects can be smaller, while negative backward linkage effects become more pronounced. Nevertheless, both negative effects are still found to be much bigger in indirect impacts compared with direct impacts. Research limitations/implications This implies that higher tariffs, including administrative trade measures such as anti-dumping duties and countervailing duties could ironically entail rather greater negative impact on the tariff-imposing importing economies by damaging their exports of domestic sectors using the targeted imports as intermediate inputs, which could be severe if the importing sector has a long value chain in particular through deep forward linkages. Originality/value This paper uses unique multi-regional IO data covering 45 economies’ 35 sectors in analyzing the second-round spillover effects across countries and sectors and employs comparative statics under different scenarios.
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Ziemele, Jelena, Girts Vigants, Valdis Vitolins, Dagnija Blumberga, and Ivars Veidenbergs. "District Heating Systems Performance Analyses. Heat Energy Tariff." Environmental and Climate Technologies 13, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2014-0005.

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Abstract The paper addresses an important element of the European energy sector: the evaluation of district heating (DH) system operations from the standpoint of increasing energy efficiency and increasing the use of renewable energy resources. This has been done by developing a new methodology for the evaluation of the heat tariff. The paper presents an algorithm of this methodology, which includes not only a data base and calculation equation systems, but also an integrated multi-criteria analysis module using MADM/MCDM (Multi-Attribute Decision Making / Multi-Criteria Decision Making) based on TOPSIS (Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution). The results of the multi-criteria analysis are used to set the tariff benchmarks. The evaluation methodology has been tested for Latvian heat tariffs, and the obtained results show that only half of heating companies reach a benchmark value equal to 0.5 for the efficiency closeness to the ideal solution indicator. This means that the proposed evaluation methodology would not only allow companies to determine how they perform with regard to the proposed benchmark, but also to identify their need to restructure so that they may reach the level of a low-carbon business.
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Aulia, Rizka, and Kangkook Lee. "The Impact of Tariff Reduction on Poverty in Indonesia: Regional Level Analysis." Journal of Indonesia Sustainable Development Planning 2, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 58–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.46456/jisdep.v2i1.111.

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The study examines the effect of trade liberalization on poverty reduction across districts in Indonesia during the period from 2000 to 2016 using the fixed effect approach. Tariff exposure is used to measure trade liberalization, which is computed at the district level by combining information on sector composition of the economy in each district and tariff lines by sectors. This study also distinguishes between tariff exposure for output products and intermediate inputs. This produces a measure indicating how changes in exposure to tariff reductions in outputs and inputs vary by region over the period. Due to the available multi-district and 17-year dataset, the study includes a set of fixed effects: the district-fixed effects and the time-fixed effects, which controls for aggregate time trend. The results indicate that the impact of output and input tariff on regional poverty headcount index (P0) is different. Output tariff has a negative correlation with poverty, while input tariff has a positive correlation with poverty. This suggests that trade liberalization in input sectors could reduce poverty in Indonesia. It is also found that GRDP per capita, literacy rates, and road length are negatively associated with poverty. Also, the effect of reducing input tariffs on poverty reduction will be larger if the districts have higher GRDP per capita and higher literacy rates.
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Jargstorf, Johannes, and Ronnie Belmans. "Multi-objective low voltage grid tariff setting." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 9, no. 15 (November 19, 2015): 2328–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.1165.

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Silva, Cátia, Pedro Faria, and Zita Vale. "Multi-Period Observation Clustering for Tariff Definition in a Weekly Basis Remuneration of Demand Response." Energies 12, no. 7 (April 1, 2019): 1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12071248.

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Distributed energy resources can improve the operation of power systems, improving economic and technical efficiency. Aggregation of small size resources, which exist in large number but with low individual capacity, is needed to make these resources’ use more efficient. In the present paper, a methodology for distributed resources management by an aggregator is proposed, which includes the resources scheduling, aggregation and remuneration. The aggregation, made using a k-means algorithm, is applied to different approaches concerning the definition of tariffs for the period of a week. Different consumer types are remunerated according to time-of-use tariffs existing in Portugal. Resources aggregation and remuneration profiles are obtained for over 20.000 consumers and 500 distributed generation units. The main goal of this paper is to understand how the aggregation phase, or the way that is performed, influences the final remuneration of the resources associated with Virtual Power Player (VPP). In order to fulfill the proposed objective, the authors carried out studies for different time frames (week days, week-end, whole week) and also analyzed the effect of the formation of the remuneration tariff by considering a mix of fixed and indexed tariff. The optimum number of clusters is calculated in order to determine the best number of DR programs to be implemented by the VPP.
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Singh, D., and R. K. Misra. "Multi-objective feeder reconfiguration in different tariff structures." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 4, no. 8 (2010): 974. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2010.0128.

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Balashov, Evgeny, and Ariadna Kirillova. "Tariff policy and investment support for the modernization of the public utility infrastructure of the municipality." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 06004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124406004.

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At the present stage, it becomes relevant to search for a new model of tariff formation in the housing and communal services (HCS) in accordance with the scale and significance of restructuring the economy and the conditions of functioning during a pandemic, as well as effective mechanisms for regulating tariffs and reducing the cost of production and provision of services. Despite the progress in improving the tariff policy, determined by the long-term period of the formation of parameters for changing the regulated tariffs and the use of the existing multi-level system of social protection of the population when paying for housing and communal services in the regulation of prices for the organizations of the communal complex, the expansion of methodological approaches to the regulation of tariff policy, the existing system of social protection of the population when paying for housing and communal services, the availability of information on the activities of regulated organizations, the task of accelerating the growth of the Russian economy and the sustainable functioning of housing and communal services dictate the need to consider tariff policy as one of the tools of resource efficiency and find additional sources of funding. The problems systematized in the article require decision-making to eliminate them at the state, regional and municipal levels. The necessity of combining a significant number of separate sectoral documents on the communal sector into a single federal law has been proved, which will regulate and establish unified regulatory and methodological principles for the formation of tariffs and will make this process more transparent. The paper discusses the problems of increasing the importance of the share of the investment component in the tariffs for utilities, as well as factors such as deductions from profits (with their financial stability), raising borrowed funds, selling bonds and systematic audit of their production and economic activities, increasing the transparency of costs.
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Guo, Meixin, Lin Lu, Liugang Sheng, and Miaojie Yu. "The Day After Tomorrow: Evaluating the Burden of Trump's Trade War." Asian Economic Papers 17, no. 1 (February 2018): 101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00592.

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During his U.S. presidential campaign Donald Trump threatened China with the imposition of high import tariffs on its exports to the United States. To evaluate the repercussions of such an action, this paper uses Eaton and Kortum's 2002 multi-sector, multi-country general equilibrium model with intersectional linkages to forecast how exports, imports, output, and real wages would change if Trump's threat of 45 percent tariffs is carried out. To view plausible scenarios, we evaluate the case of a unilateral action on the part of the United States, as well as a scenario where China retaliates by imposing an equally high 45 percent tariff on its imports from the United States. In addition, because the high U.S. trade deficit with China is a factor that underpins calls for tariff action, we explore simulations where the trade balance is restored to balance as well as a scenario in which the trade balance is unchanged. In all of the scenarios, the calibration exercise suggests that a trade war triggered by high U.S. import tariffs will lead to a collapse in U.S.–China bilateral trade. In all of the scenarios, the United States will experience large social welfare losses, whereas China may lose or gain slightly depending on the effect of trade war on the U.S.–China trade balance. Globally, some small open economies may experience small benefits, while other countries may suffer collateral damage.
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ZHANG, KUN, QIAO-MEI LIANG, LI-JING LIU, MEI-MEI XUE, BI-YING YU, CE WANG, RONG HAN, et al. "IMPACTS OF MECHANISMS TO PROMOTE PARTICIPATION IN CLIMATE MITIGATION: BORDER CARBON ADJUSTMENTS VERSUS UNIFORM TARIFF MEASURES." Climate Change Economics 11, no. 03 (July 20, 2020): 2041007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010007820410079.

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Because free-riding behavior is an inherent characteristic of climate change, how to protect the economic benefits of the emission reduction regions and prompt the noncooperative region to join the emission reduction coalition is particularly important. In this study, we use a global multi-region multi-sector CGE model to compare the impacts of border carbon adjustment (BCA) and two unified tariff mechanisms based on different implementation principles on USA. The results show that the BCA is more effective in reducing carbon leakage in USA than the uniform tariff mechanisms. However, for GDP and welfare losses, the scenario Tariff-carbon-reduction results in greater GDP and welfare losses in USA, which is more conducive to prompting USA to implement carbon reduction policies than the BCA measures. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of carbon price levels and key substitution elasticity further confirmed the results.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Multi Tariff"

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Sendil, Halil. "Operation Of Water Distribution Networks." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615484/index.pdf.

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With continuously increasing urbanization, consumer demands and expansion of water supply systems, determination of efficient pump schedules became a more difficult task. Pumping energy costs constitute a significant part of the operational cost of the water distribution networks. This study aims to provide an effective daily pump schedule by minimizing the energy costs for constant and also for multi tariff of electricity (3 Kademeli Elektrik Tarifesi) in water distribution network. A case study has been performed in an area covering N8.3 and N7 pressure zones which are parts of Ankara water distribution network. Both pressure zones consists of 3 multiple pumps in pump station and one tank having 5000 m3 storage volume each. By using genetic algorithm based software (WaterCAD Darwin Scheduler) least-cost pump scheduling and operation policy for each pump station has been determined while satisfying target hydraulic performance requirements such as minimum and maximum service pressures, final water level of storage tank and maximum velocity in pipeline. 32 different alternative scenarios have been created which include multi tariff energy prices, constant tariff energy price, insulated system condition, uninsulated system condition and different pump combinations. The existing base scenario and alternative scenarios which were prepared by using optimal pump schedules have been compared and the achievements of optimizing pump operation have been analyzed. At the end of the study, a satisfying result has been observed that by using determined optimal pump schedule, minimum % 14 of total energy cost can be saved in existing water supply system.
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Cheng, Junheng. "Multi-criteria batch scheduling under time-of-use tariffs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLE035.

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L'industrie est le plus grand consommateur d'énergie dans le monde et la majeure partie de sa consommation est électrique. Pour moduler la consommation et équilibrer les périodes creuses et de pic, les producteurs d'électricité dans de nombreux pays pratiquent une tarification différenciée, en anglais "time-of-use (TOU) policy", afin d’encourager les industriels et les particuliers à adapter leur consommation. Cette stratégie incite les gros consommateurs industriels, en particulier le secteur semi-conducteur où la fabrication se fait souvent par lots, à réduire leurs factures d’électricité en adaptant leur production.Dans ce travail, nous étudions plusieurs problèmes d’ordonnancement de production par lots avec tarification différenciée d'électricité. Nous nous intéressons d’abord à l’ordonnancement d’une machine par lots pour minimiser le coût total d’électricité et le makespan. Le deuxième problème étudié généralise le premier en considérant le coût d’électricité pendant les périodes inactives de la machine telles que les périodes de réglage ou d'attente. Enfin, nous traitons l’ordonnancement sur machines parallèles par lots avec des pièces non identiques. Pour chacun de ces problèmes, nous construisons des modèles mathématiques appropriés, et évaluons sa complexité. Pour la résolution, nous proposons plusieurs méthodes de ɛ-contrainte dans lesquelles des sous-problèmes sont transformés en problèmes de sac-à-doc, de sacs-à-doc multiples et ou de bin packing. Nous développons aussi une méthode itérative à deux étapes. Les performances des méthodes développées sont évaluées à l'aide d'un grand nombre d'instances représentatives générées au hasard. Les résultats numériques montrent l'efficacité de ces méthodes par rapport au logiciel commercial CPLEX
The industrial sector is the largest consumer of the world's total energy and most of its consumption form is electricity. To strengthen the grid's peak load regulation ability, time-of-use (TOU) electricity pricing policy has been implemented in many countries to encourage electricity users to shift their consumption from on-peak periods to off-peak periods. This strategy provides a good opportunity for manufacturers to reduce their energy bills, especially for energy-intensive ones, where batch scheduling is often involved. In this thesis, several bi-objective batch scheduling problems under TOU tariffs are studied. We first investigate a single machine batch scheduling problem under TOU tariffs with the objectives of minimizing total electricity cost and makespan. This primary work is extended by further considering machine on/off switching. Finally, a parallel batch machines scheduling problem under TOU tariffs with non-identical job sizes to minimize total electricity cost and number of enabled machines is studied. For each of the considered problems, appropriate mathematical models are established, their complexities are demonstrated. Different bi-objective resolution methods are developed, including knapsack problem heuristic based ɛ-constraint method, multiple knapsack problem heuristic based ɛ-constraint method, bin packing heuristic based ɛ-constraint method and two-stage heuristic based iterative search algorithm. The performance of the proposed methods is evaluated by randomly generated instances. Extensive numerical results show that the proposed algorithms are more efficient and/or effective for the studied problems than the commercial software CPLEX
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Pieczonka, Tino. "Untersuchung und Visualisierung von Gletschervolumenänderungen im Tarim-Einzugsgebiet, Zentralasien, unter Verwendung multi-temporaler digitaler Geländemodelle." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-234998.

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Das aride Tarim-Becken im Nordwesten Chinas unterliegt Umweltveränderungen, die durch rapide Ausbreitung bewässerter Landwirtschaft sowie Klimawandel angetrieben sind. Während im Oberlauf in den letzten 50 Jahren ein Abflussanstieg beobachtet wurde, haben landwirtschaftliche Aktivitäten im Mittel- und Unterlauf zur Wasserknappheit und der drastischen Verkürzung des endorheischen Flusses geführt. Der Abfluss des Tarim, dessen Hauptzufluss der in Kirgistan entspringende Aksu-Fluss darstellt, wird zu einem großen Teil aus Schnee- und Gletscherschmelze in den oberen Gebirgseinzugsgebieten des Tien Shan gespeist. Da die Unterlieger von dem Wasser des Tarim zur Bewässerung in der Landwirtschaft abhängig sind, sind das Wissen über den Beitrag der Gletscherschmelze zum Abfluss sowie das Wissen über mögliche zukünftige Änderungen der Gletschermasse von großer Relevanz. Zahlreiche Studien beschränken sich oftmals nur auf die Betrachtung der Gletscherfläche, deren Änderung jedoch keine direkten Rückschlüsse auf etwaige Massenänderungen zulässt und zudem nur ein indirektes Signal für Klimaänderungen darstellt. Weiterführende Studien, welche zusätzlich Gletschermassenänderungen im Aksu-Einzugsgebiet untersuchen, haben häufig nur lokalen Charakter. Regionale Studien zu Massenänderungen, welche ganze Einzugsgebiete und Gebirgsketten umfassen, finden sich mehrheitlich für die letzte Dekade durch die Verfügbarkeit laseraltimetrischer Höhendaten und gravimetrischer Messungen, wobei letztere durch hohe Unsicherheiten gekennzeichnet sind. Um jedoch Aussagen hinsichtlich der zeitlichen Entwicklung der Gletscher treffen zu können, widmet sich die Arbeit insbesondere der Untersuchung von Gletschermassenveränderungen seit den 1970er Jahren unter Verwendung deklassifizierter amerikanischer Satellitenbilddaten, SRTM-Daten sowie SPOT-5-Stereodaten. Zur Ableitung geodätischer Gletschermassenbilanzen wurden Daten der Mapping Camera (MC) des Hexagon-Satelliten aus den Jahren 1973–1976 stereoskopisch ausgewertet und mit Daten der SRTM-Mission aus dem Jahr 2000 und SPOT-5-Stereodaten aus dem Jahr 2009 verglichen. Die Ableitung geodätischer Massenbilanzen aus multi-temporalen Geländemodellen erforderte deren Co-Registrierung auf das als SRTM gewählte Master-Modell. In einem zweistufigen Verfahren wurden Verkippungen über eine globale Trendfläche und horizontale Lagefehler über eine analytische Beziehung zwischen Oberflächenneigung, Orientierung und der entsprechenden Höhendifferenz unter Einbeziehung nicht-glazialer Pixel minimiert. Die Eindringtiefe des SRTM-C-Bands wurde mittels ICESat-Daten mit 2,2 m abgeschätzt und bei der Differenzbildung berücksichtigt. Zur Bereinigung der Differenzbilder zwischen den Geländemodellen wurde ein höhenbasierter Ansatz entwickelt, welcher eine abnehmende Varianz der Höhendifferenzwerte vom Ablations- zum Akkumulationsgebiet annimmt. Dieser Ansatz stellt eine deutlich realistischere Annahme im Vergleich zur oftmals verwendeten Nullannahme dar, welche von keinen Veränderungen in den Akkumulationsgebieten ausgeht. Die Gletscher im Aksu-Einzugsgebiet zeigten im Ergebnis einen Massenverlust von 0,35±0,34 m w.e./a im Zeitraum 1975–1999, was dem globalen Durchschnitt für diese Periode entspricht. In den Jahren 1999 bis 2009 wurde indes eine Abnahme des Massenverlusts (0,23±0,19 m w.e./a) festgestellt, was möglicherweise auf eine Zunahme des Niederschlags in der letzten Dekade zurückzuführen ist. Zudem zeigte sich, dass schuttbedeckte Gletscher, deren Schuttauflage ab einer Dicke von etwa 2 cm einen hemmenden Einfluss auf die Abschmelzrate hat, signifikant an Masse verloren haben bei gleichzeitig nur relativ geringer Flächenabnahme. Insgesamt wies die räumliche Verteilung der Massenänderungen eine starke Heterogenität auf, mit zunehmender Tendenz von Osten nach Westen und von den Innen- zu den Außenbereichen des Zentralen Tien Shan. Zusätzlich konnten zahlreiche, zuvor in der Literatur nicht benannte, surgende Gletscher identifiziert werden. Der durch Eismassenverlust induzierte Anteil am Gesamtabfluss des Aksu wurde im Ergebnis mit circa 20% ermittelt. Neben der Oberflächenneigung sind, in einfachen Modellen zur Eisdickenabschätzung, die basale Scherspannung und der Anteil basalen Gleitens an der Oberflächengeschwindigkeit Haupteinflussfaktoren. Anhand gemessener Eisdicken, fernerkundlich abgeleiteter Gletscherfließgeschwindigkeiten und der Oberflächenneigung, als Näherung der Neigung des Gletscherbetts, konnte ein empirischer Zusammenhang zur Abschätzung des Anteils basalen Gleitens abgeleitet werden. Die Eisdickenabschätzung für die vier größten Gletscher des Zentralen Tien Shan erfolgte im weiteren Verlauf durch Anwendung von Glen’s Fließgesetz, unter Annahme laminaren Fließens. Die Ergebnisse weisen für die betrachteten Gletscher mittlere Dicken von 70 m bis 140 m für deren schuttbedeckte Gletscherzungen auf. Diese Werte liegen teilweise deutlich unter denen bisheriger Studien, welche von einer globalen Scherspannung für den gesamten Gletscher oder einem konstanten Anteil basalen Gleitens ausgehen. Im Vergleich zu vorhandenen Eisdickenmessungen konnte durch die lokale Abschätzung der basalen Geschwindigkeit die mittlere Abweichung von zuvor mehr als 200 m auf etwa 50 m reduziert werden. Durch Einbeziehung der in der Arbeit ermittelten geodätischen Gletschermassenbilanzen wurde der relative Volumenverlust seit den 1970er Jahren mit 6% bis 28% quantifiziert, welcher deutlich unter dem schuttfreier Gletscher innerhalb Hochasiens liegt.
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Caire, Roger. "Contexte multli-pipelines et principes tarifaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27313/27313.pdf.

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Benatti, Alessandra. "Reconstruction du paysage végétal dans les Apennins septentrionaux, au Monte Cimone et à Corne Alle Scole (Italie) durant l'holocène tardif : approche multi proxy." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0043.

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La recherche de doctorat ici présentée porte sur l’histoire et sur l’évolution du paysage végétal montagnard nord-apenninique et de son lien avec les activités anthropiques qui l’ont façonné au fil du temps. Notre idée de thèse est née grâce au projet international AGRESPE (réseAu Gestion de Ressources Environnementales passéeS et Patrimonialisation paysagèrE), dirigé par Marie Bal du laboratoire de Géographie GEOLAB UMR/CNRS 6042 de l’Université de Limoges. Le travail de thèse a été mené en cotutelle avec l’Université de Modena et Reggio Emilia (Italie).Le paysage végétal des Apennins du Nord a fait l'objet de nombreuses recherches scientifiques sur le paléo-environnement, représentées surtout par des études polliniques (ex. Cruise 1990a, 1990b ; Lowe, 1992 ; Watson, 1996 ; Vescovi et al, 2010a, 2010a, 2010b ; Branch, 2013), mais il présente encore des lacunes sur les recherches paléoenvironnementales et paléoécologiques de haute résolution spatiale. À cause de facteurs liés aux conditions physiques de la montagne et aux intérêts des chercheurs, la recherche archéologique (notamment celle pastorale) n’est pas très développée par rapport aux études de la plaine (Fontana, 1997 ; Cardarelli et Malnati, 2006 ; Ferrari et al., 2006). Ce manque d'études sur les relations entre les sociétés et leur environnement dans les Apennins nous a donc encouragés à en découvrir davantage. Au sein de ce secteur montagnard nous avons choisi deux montagnes clés : le Monte Cimone et le Corno alle Scale. Faisant partie de deux parc régionaux, ces zones d’étude sont caractérisées par des hêtraies qui, jusqu’au milieu du XXe siècle, ont été gérées en taillis pour la production de bois de chauffage et de charbon. La limite altitudinale de la forêt est plus basse que celle écologique potentielle. Au Monte Cimone elle est localisée à 1700 m, tandis que dans la zone du Corno alle Scale elle est située à environ 1600 m. Au-dessus de la limite forestière il y a des bruyères à myrtille et des prairies qui, à l’instar du passé, sont aujourd’hui destinées au pâturage
This PhD thesis concerns the reconstruction and the development of the Late Holocene plant landscape of two mountain areas of the Northern Apennines: the area of Monte Cimone and the area of Monte Corno alle Scale, located in the two regional parks. Previous research in the two study areas consists of quite numerous pollen analyses at regional scale while studies at local-scale, such as archaeoanthracology and pedoanthracology, are scarce.We have therefore decided to study these two mountain areas through pedoanthracology that is the taxonomic identification of wood charcoals contained in soils. Moreover, archaeoanthracology was applied to charcoal platforms and consists in the analysis of charcoals contained in the platforms which were used until the mid-20th century to produce charcoal. In the methodology used in this thesis are also included field surveys with the aim of locate and geolocalize ancient pastoral structures, witnesses of pastoral activities at high elevations.The main objectives of this research were: - to reconstruct the plant landscape; - to understand how human activities (e.g. pastoralism and forest exploitation) have transformed the landscape; to study the fire history; - to identify the variations of tree and timberline in the past.In the Monte Cimone area, nine pedoanthracological trenches were cut between 1650 m and 2078 m of elevation, and about 4000 charcoals were analyzed; moreover, 10 pastoral structures were found and georeferenced. In the Corno alle Scale area, eight pedoanthracological trenches were cut between 1600 m and 1860 m of elevation, and more than 2000 charcoals were analyzed; no pastoral structure were identified here. In each study area, four charcoal platforms were sampled with a total of 1200 charcoals analysed. Overall, 33 C14datings were performed on charcoals. Almost all C14 dates of soil charcoal are concentrated in the Late Holocene and only two are from the Early Holocene. The anthracomass of the low elevation sampling points (e.g. 962.8 mg/kg) is higher than the anthracomass of the high elevation sampling points (e.g. 1.6 mg/kg). The charcoals are evidence of the past presence of Ericaceae, Fabaceae, Juniperus sp., Abies alba, Quercus sp./Castanea sp., Prunus sp., Betula sp., Taxus baccata, Fagus sylvatica, Fraxinus sp. And Acer sp.The main results of this research show a plant landscape during the last 3000 years that is very similar to the current one with little variations in the tree and timberline. Charcoal platforms analysis has shown a beech charcoal production during the centuries between the 15th and mid-20th centuries. Estimation of the wood size used suggest a well-run exploitation of the timber resource. The two main activity in high mountain, pastoralism and charcoal production, seem to have played an important role in the shaping the current plant landscape
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Apete, Geoffroy Kokou. "Optimisation médico-économique et organisation des services d'urgences hospitalières : apport des systèmes multi-agents." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00668083.

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La Tarification à l'Activité (T2A) contraint les services d'urgences hospitalières à développer différentes stratégies d''allocation efficiente des ressources. L'optimisation de la prise en charge est centrale à cette problématique et vise des coûts de production couverts par les revenus induits par la T2A. Aussi, l'objectif de la thèse est d'identifier l'apport d'un Système d'Aide à la Décision (SAD) basé sur les Systèmes Multi-Agents (SMA) utilisant une modélisation basée sur un algorithme d'ordonnancement des moyens de production des soins en trois phases (OR-3P). Cette modélisation formalise l'organisation de ces services autour de cinq types d'agents. L'Agent Ordonnanceur y chargé d'affecter les personnels de l'équipe médicale et de gérer les flux de patients. Il joue un rôle prépondérant dans la recherche d'optimisation. Les résultats obtenus de l'application simulée de l'OR-3P, montrent l'optimisation des délais d'attente et de passage global, une augmentation de la productivité et une indication qualitative du bon fonctionnement de la prise en charge. Ces résultats incitent à réaliser des expérimentations dans des établissements français.
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Pieczonka, Tino [Verfasser], Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Buchroithner, Tobias [Gutachter] Bolch, and Volker [Gutachter] Hochschild. "Untersuchung und Visualisierung von Gletschervolumenänderungen im Tarim-Einzugsgebiet, Zentralasien, unter Verwendung multi-temporaler digitaler Geländemodelle / Tino Pieczonka ; Gutachter: Tobias Bolch, Volker Hochschild ; Betreuer: Manfred Buchroithner." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1156851556/34.

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Pieczonka, Tino [Verfasser], Manfred F. [Akademischer Betreuer] Buchroithner, Tobias [Gutachter] Bolch, and Volker [Gutachter] Hochschild. "Untersuchung und Visualisierung von Gletschervolumenänderungen im Tarim-Einzugsgebiet, Zentralasien, unter Verwendung multi-temporaler digitaler Geländemodelle / Tino Pieczonka ; Gutachter: Tobias Bolch, Volker Hochschild ; Betreuer: Manfred Buchroithner." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1156851556/34.

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Von, Niederhäusern Léonard. "Conception et tarification de nouveaux services en énergie dans un environnement compétitif." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECLI0004.

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L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer et étudier des modèles mathématiques d’échanges économiques, basés sur la flexibilité de la demande, entre fournisseurs et consommateurs d’électricité. D’une part, des fournisseurs d’électricité offrent des prix dépendant de l’heure de consommation. D’autre part, des consommateurs adaptent leur usage, minimisant leur facture et le désagrément lié aux changements de consommation induits. La structure de ces problèmes correspond à des problèmes d’optimisation bi-niveau. Trois types de modèles sont étudiés. Tout d’abord, l’interaction entre un fournisseur et un opérateur de smart grid est modélisée par un problème à un seul meneur et un seul suiveur. Pour cette première approche, le niveau de détails du suiveur est particulièrement élevé, et inclut notamment une gestion stochastique de la production distribuée. La meilleure réponse d’un fournisseur dans un modèle à plusieurs meneurs et plusieurs suiveurs fait l’objet de la seconde partie de la thèse. Celle-ci intègre aussi la possibilité d’avoir des agrégateurs comme suiveurs. Deux nouvelles méthodes de résolution reposant sur la sélection d’équilibres de Nash entre suiveurs sont proposées. Enfin, dans une troisième et dernière partie, on se focalise sur la recherche d’équilibres non coopératifs pour ce modèle à plusieurs meneurs et plusieurs suiveurs.Tous les problèmes abordés dans cette thèse le sont non seulement d’un point de vue théorique, mais également d’un point de vue numérique
The objective of this thesis is to develop and study mathematical models of economical exchanges between energy suppliers and consumers, using demand-side management. On one hand, the suppliers offer time-of-use electricity prices. On the other hand, energy consumers decide on their energy demand schedule, minimizing their electricity bill and the inconvenience due to schedule changes. This problem structure gives rise to bilevel optimization problems.Three kinds of models are studied. First, single-leader single-follower problems modeling the interaction between an energy supplier and a smart grid operator. In this first approach, the level of details is very high on the follower’s side, and notably includes a stochastic treatment of distributed generation. Second, a multi-leader multi-follower problem is studied from the point of view of the best response of one of the suppliers. Aggregators are included in the lower level. Two new resolution methods based on a selection of Nash equilibriums at the lower level are proposed. In the third and final part, the focus is on the evaluation of noncooperative equilibriums for this multi-leader multi-follower problem.All the problems have been studied both from a theoretical and numerical point of view
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Betancur, Acevedo Julian Andrés. "Intégration d'images multimodales pour la caractérisation de cardiomyopathies hypertrophiques et d'asynchronismes cardiaques." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S089/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur la caractérisation cardiaque, qui représente un enjeu méthodologique et clinique important, à la fois pour améliorer le diagnostic des pathologies et optimiser les moyens de traitement. Des méthodes de recalage et de fusion de données sont proposées pour amener dans un même référentiel des images IRM, scanner, échographiques et électro-anatomiques et ainsi décrire le cœur suivant des caractéristiques anatomiques, électriques, mécaniques et tissulaires. Les méthodes proposées pour recaler des données multimodales reposent sur deux processus principaux : l'alignement temporel et le recalage spatial. Les dimensions temporelles des images considérées sont mises en synchronisées par une méthode de déformation temporelle dynamique adaptative. Celle-ci permet de compenser les modifications temporelles non-linéaires entre les différentes acquisitions. Pour le recalage spatial, des méthodes iconiques ont été développées pour corriger les artefacts de mouvements dans les séquences ciné-IRM, pour recaler les séquences ciné-IRM avec les séquences d'IRM de rehaussement tardif et pour recaler les ciné-IRM avec les images scanner. D'autre part, une méthode basée contours, développée dans un précédent travail, a été améliorée pour prendre en compte des acquisitions échographiques multi-vues. Ces méthodes ont été évaluées sur données réelles pour sélectionner les métriques les plus adaptées et pour quantifier les performances des approches iconiques et pour estimer la précision du recalage entre échographies et ciné-IRM. Ces méthodes sont appliquées à la caractérisation de cardiomyopathies hypertrophiques (CMH) et d'asynchronismes cardiaques. Pour la CMH, l'objectif était de mieux interpréter les données échographiques par la fusion de l'information de fibrose issue de l'IRM de rehaussement tardif avec l'information mécanique issue de l'échographie de speckle tracking. Cette analyse a permis d'évaluer le strain régional en tant qu'indicateur de la présence locale de fibrose. Concernant l'asynchronisme cardiaque, nous avons établi une description du couplage électromécanique local du ventricule gauche par la fusion de données échographiques, électro-anatomiques, scanner et, dans les cas appropriés, d'IRM de rehaussement tardif. Cette étude de faisabilité ouvre des perspectives pour l'utilisation de nouveaux descripteurs pour la sélection des sites de stimulation optimaux pour la thérapie de resynchronisation cardiaque
This work concerns cardiac characterization, a major methodological and clinical issue, both to improve disease diagnostic and to optimize its treatment. Multisensor registration and fusion methods are proposed to bring into a common referential data from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMRI), dynamic cardiac X-ray computed tomography (CT), speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and electro-anatomical mappings of the inner left ventricular chamber (EAM). These data is used to describe the heart by its anatomy, electrical and mechanical function, and the state of the myocardial tissue. The methods proposed to register the multimodal datasets rely on two main processes: temporal registration and spatial registration. The temporal dimensions of input data (images) are warped with an adaptive dynamic time warping (ADTW) method. This method allowed to handle the nonlinear temporal relationship between the different acquisitions. Concerning the spatial registration, iconic methods were developed, on the one hand, to correct for motion artifacts in cine acquisition, to register cine-CMRI and late gadolinium CMRI (LGE-CMRI), and to register cine-CMRI with dynamic CT. On the other hand, a contour-based method developed in a previous work was enhanced to account for multiview STE acquisitions. These methods were evaluated on real data in terms of the best metrics to use and of the accuracy of the iconic methods, and to assess the STE to cine-CMRI registration. The fusion of these multisensor data enabled to get insights about the diseased heart in the context of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and cardiac asynchronism. For HCM, we aimed to improve the understanding of STE by fusing fibrosis from LGE-CMRI with strain from multiview 2D STE. This analysis allowed to assess the significance of regional STE strain as a surrogate of the presence of regional myocardial fibrosis. Concerning cardiac asynchronism, we aimed to describe the intra-segment electro-mechanical coupling of the left ventricle using fused data from STE, EAM, CT and, if relevant, from LGE-CMRI. This feasibility study provided new elements to select the optimal sites for LV stimulation
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Books on the topic "Multi Tariff"

1

Mark, Janette. The multi-fibre arrangement: Unravelling the costs . Ottawa: North-South Institute = Institut Nord-Sud, 1985.

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SAFIR Regional Pricing Strategy Workshop (2nd 2003 TERI). Experiences of multi-year tariff frame work in South Asia. Edited by Sharma Vivek, Mukherjee Namrata, Energy and Research Institute, and South Asia Forum for Infrastructure Regulation. New Delhi: The Energy and Resources Institute, 2004.

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Erzan, Refik. The restrictiveness of the multi-fibre arrangement on Eastern European trade. Washington, DC (1818 H St. NW, Washington 20433): International Economics Dept., World Bank, 1992.

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Saad, Ilyas. The impact of the Multifibre Arrangement on Indonesian clothing exports: A multi-country trade model. Canberra, ACT, Australia: Economics Division, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, 1993.

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Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC). Presentation on the major review of the electricity multi-year tariff order to the National Economic Council. Nigeria: Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC), 2011.

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Hui, Tan Ling, ed. Rags and riches: Implementing apparel quotas under the Multi-fibre Arrangement. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1998.

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Krishna, Kala. Rent sharing in the Multi-Fibre Arrangement: Theory and evidence from US apparel imports from Hong Kong. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1991.

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Bishop, P. M. Analyzing the impacts of the proposed North American Free Trade Agreement on European-North American dairy trade using a joint-input, multi-product approach. Ithaca, NY: Dept. of Agricultural Economics, Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1993.

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1946-, Bush George W., and United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means, eds. Notification to enter into an agreement with the European Union, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Taiwan: Message from the President of the United States transmitting notice of intention to enter into an agreement with the European Union, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Taiwan on tariff treatment for multi-chip integrated circuits in accordance with section 2103(a)(1) of the Trade Act of 2002. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2005.

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Sharma, Vivek. Experiences of Multi-Year Tariff Framework in South Asia. The Energy and Resources Institute, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Multi Tariff"

1

Silva, Cátia, Pedro Faria, and Zita Vale. "Study of Multi-Tariff Influence on the Distributed Generation Remuneration." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 14–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23946-6_2.

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Özdemir, Serkan, and Rainer Unland. "AgentUDE17: A Genetic Algorithm to Optimize the Parameters of an Electricity Tariff in a Smart Grid Environment." In Advances in Practical Applications of Agents, Multi-Agent Systems, and Complexity: The PAAMS Collection, 224–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94580-4_18.

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Wei, Chenghao, Timur Valiullin, and Long Hao. "A Precise Telecom Customer Tariff Promotion Method Based on Multi-route Radial Basis Kernel Fuzzy C-means Clustering." In Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, 321–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60239-0_22.

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Lopes, Fernando, Hugo Algarvio, and Helder Coelho. "Negotiating Hour-Wise Tariffs in Multi-Agent Electricity Markets." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 246–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40090-2_22.

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Cheng, Junheng, Feng Chu, and Peng Wu. "Multi-Criteria Single Batch Machine Scheduling Under Time-of-Use Tariffs." In International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, 217–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43177-8_11.

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Bessmertny, Igor, and Nikolai Sukhikh. "Multi-agent Approach to Optimization of Tariffs for the Air Navigation Service." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 130–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12450-2_12.

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Wang, Xiaohua, Shudong Wang, Zhenyu Cai, and Jianli Ding. "The Research on Natural Vegetation’s Response to Agriculture in Tarim River Basin in Recent 50 Years Using Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data." In Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture III, 27–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12220-0_5.

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Muza, Olivia. "The Electrification-Appliance Uptake Gap: Assessing the Off-Grid Appliance Market in Rwanda Using the Multi-Tier Framework." In Sustainable Energy Investment - Technical, Market and Policy Innovations to Address Risk. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93883.

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The structure of the electricity system includes universal access to electricity that is adequate, available, reliable, affordable, legal, convenient, healthy, and safe and the efficient (inefficient) use of the electricity. Quality of access also influences clean energy technologies and electrical appliance purchase, ownership, use and perceived value (uptake, hereafter). Also, improved uptake assists in closing systemic gaps between rural and urban areas and grid and off-grid communities. Rwanda is projected to attain full electrification by 2024 (inclusive of all sectors: consumptive, productive and services). In this context, the East African country has articulated support mechanisms for off-grid market players through technical assessments and siting incentives. However, studies that focus on characterising diffusion and uptake of clean energy technologies and electrical appliances in mini-grid sites (market) are crucial to understand the emerging trends in off-grid rural electrification. This chapter contributes to this emerging discourse by proposing a four-fold demand side characterisation approach which (i) conducts a systemic review of literature to identify emerging off-grid themes as they relate to the multi-tier framework (MTF) and vice-versa, (ii) uses existing data to characterise the off-grid market (based on a typical village load), (iii) demonstrates the tariff regime changes using two payment methodologies (willingness to pay (WTP) and ability to pay (ATP)) and (iv) projects the 2024–2032 consumptive energy demand (using a simplified relation between appliance, it’s rating and duration of use). Results of this characterisation demonstrate global and local level (glo-cal) literature gaps meriting a localised MTF assessment. The purpose of the localised assessment reported in this Chapter was therefore to understand appliance uptake gaps at the user level. The typical village load is basic (implying low energy demand). Ceteris paribus, higher WTP and ATP by users yield higher tariffs. However, a high ATP is a business sustainability determinant than a high WTP. Because energy consumption is also dependent on how efficiently it is used by those with access, the Chapter discusses appliance efficiency as a partial definition of sustainable energy and also as an example of sustainable energy. Then, demand stimulation pathways addressing wider systemic opportunities at the intersection of the theory of change and the theory of agency and risk reduction in markets, investments and policy (derisking markets, investments and policy) are discussed. The first pathway focuses on women and youth participation in productive use activities. The second pathway highlights strategies for appliance financing such as cost-sharing and micro-credit. The final pathway considers economic activity stimulation which has multiplier effects on energy demand and consequently energy-using appliances uptake. The implications for Sustainable Citizens and markets, investments and policy innovations are contextualised in the Sustainable Energy Utility business model.
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Mathews, Dale, and Segundo Castro. "The Central American Clothing Assembly Industry and the Asian Competition." In Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics, 313–25. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6224-7.ch017.

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This chapter examines the export performance of clothing assembly industries in the countries of Central America to the US market. It commences with a brief summary of the history of the growth and limited evolution of the Central American and Caribbean Basin garment export industry in the face of evolving trade liberalization. It then examines how China and other Asian countries have eclipsed the region's clothing exports to the USA as they made inroads into the latter's market. It is argued that China's membership in the World Trade Organization commencing in 2001 and the phasing out of quotas under the Multi-Fiber Agreement in 2005 combined to thwart any expansion that Central American clothing exporters could have achieved in the US market. While US Harmonized Tariff System data for both knitted (HTS 61) and non-knitted (HTS 62) apparel and clothing accessory imports were examined, only the former were presented, as they represent a much more significant share of Central America's overall garment exports to the USA. US imports from Central America under HTS 61 are shown to have either declined or remained stagnant in value terms and in value market share throughout the period examined. In order to zero in on specific categories that are important within the context of the Central American garment export industry, a selection, disaggregated into four digit HTS subcategories, was made of knitted or crocheted apparel and accessories from the region to ascertain its performance over the first decade of the new century. These data are reviewed in comparison with similar data corresponding to imports from China in order to ascertain the performance of Central American exporters. Finally, the work is also placed within the context of the Free Trade Area of Central America and Dominican Republic (CAFTA-DR) in an attempt to discern its possible medium- to long-term impact, since specific provisions of the trade agreement aim precisely at boosting the region's garment assembly sector.
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Conference papers on the topic "Multi Tariff"

1

Totare, Ninad P., and Bindu S. "Electricity Distribution Firm Tariff Rationalization in Multi Year Tariff Policy." In 2021 4th Biennial International Conference on Nascent Technologies in Engineering (ICNTE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnte51185.2021.9487769.

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Totare, Ninad P., and S. Bindu. "Impact of Various Factors On Tariff During Multi Year Tariff Period." In 2018 International Conference on Smart Electric Drives and Power System (ICSEDPS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsedps.2018.8536052.

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Zhou, Nan, Nian Liu, and Jianhua Zhang. "Multi-scenarios PV-based microgrids investment decision considering feed-in-tariff regulation." In 2016 IEEE 11th Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciea.2016.7603977.

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Guoxing Nie. "Research on the design of the single-phase multi-tariff electronic wattmeter." In 2010 International Conference on Advances in Energy Engineering (ICAEE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaee.2010.5557609.

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Sou, Sok-Ian, Phone Lin, Ssu-Shih Chen, and Jeu-Yih Jeng. "A novel multi-tariff charging method for next generation Multicast and Broadcast Service." In IEEE INFOCOM 2012 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infcom.2012.6195478.

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Yu, Changping. "Architecture research of Decision Support System for Tariff and Trade based on the multi-dimensional modeling techniques." In 2013 IEEE Third International Conference on Information Science and Technology (ICIST). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icist.2013.6747682.

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Jamal, Hassan, Yasir Butt, Abdul Basit, M. B. Zubaid Ramay, Abdur Rafay, M. Zeeshan Tariq, Zain Zia, and H. Iftikhar Ahmed. "Designing of Smart Net Energy Meter with Multi-Mode Tariff Computations for the Diverse Energy Prosumers in Pakistan." In 2020 IEEE 23rd International Multitopic Conference (INMIC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/inmic50486.2020.9318125.

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Guédez, Rafael, Monika Topel, Inés Conde Buezas, Francisco Ferragut, Irene Callaba, James Spelling, Zhor Hassar, Carlos David Pérez-Segarra, and Björn Laumert. "A Methodology for Determining Optimum Solar Tower Plant Configurations and Operating Strategies to Maximize Profits Based on Hourly Electricity Market Prices and Tariffs." In ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49237.

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The present study analyses the influence that market conditions have on determining optimum molten salt solar tower plants with storage that maximize profits (in terms of plant configuration, sizing and operation) for a location in South Africa. Three different scenarios based on incentive programs and local wholesale electricity prices are considered. A multi-objective optimization modeling approach was followed, showing the trade-off curves between minimizing investment and maximizing profits when varying critical sizerelated parameters (such as nameplate capacity, solar multiple and storage capacity) together with power-cycle design and operating specifications including dynamic start-up curves and different storage dispatchability strategies. Results are shown by means of a comparative analysis between optimal plants found for each scenario, highlighting the value that storage has under the current two-tier tariff scheme, and the relevance of designing a suitable policy for technology development. Lastly, a final analysis is performed with regards of the indicators used for economic evaluation of power plants, by comparing the differences between optimum designs found when using the levelized cost of electricity solely as performance indicator instead of cash-flows and profit-based indicators, such as the internal rate of return.
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Schaub, T. "Standards: from multi-media communication to multi-functional applications." In Eighth International Conference on Metering and Tariffs for Energy Supply. IEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19960499.

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Hawthorne, Bryant D., and Jitesh H. Panchal. "Policy Design for Sustainable Energy Systems Considering Multiple Objectives and Incomplete Preferences." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70426.

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The focus of this paper is on policy design problems related to large scale complex systems such as the decentralized energy infrastructure. In such systems, the policy affects the technical decisions made by stakeholders (e.g., energy producers), and the stakeholders are coordinated by market mechanisms. The decentralized decisions of the stakeholders affect the sustainability of the overall system. Hence, appropriate design of policies is an important aspect of achieving sustainability. The state-of-the-art computational approach to policy design problem is to model them as bilevel programs, specifically mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints. However, this approach is limited to single-objective policy design problems and is based on the assumption that the policy designer has complete information of the stakeholders’ preferences. In this paper, we take a step towards addressing these two limitations. We present a formulation based on the integration of multi-objective mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints with games with vector payoffs, and Nash equilibra of games with incomplete preferences. The formulation, along with a simple solution approach, is presented using an illustrative example from the design of feed-in-tariff (FIT) policy with two stakeholders. The contributions of this paper include a mathematical formulation of the FIT policy, the extension of computational policy design problems to multiple objectives, and the consideration of incomplete preferences of stakeholders.
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Reports on the topic "Multi Tariff"

1

Bagwell, Kyle, Robert Staiger, and Ali Yurukoglu. Quantitative Analysis of Multi-Party Tariff Negotiations. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24273.

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