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1
Nuss, Jeffrey Eric. "Assessing User Expectations of Undo in a Multi-User CAD Environment." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5875.
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Undo is a command that users rely on in most software applications. Its importance in multi-user CAD is no different. However, due to its unique nature, users may have different expectations regarding how undo should behave. This research seeks to better understand users' expectations regarding undo in multi-user CAD by having users participate in collaborative design exercises and then asking them how they would expect undo to behave. In addition, users participated in a survey in which they watched 8 videos showing users interacting within multi-user CAD and were then asked about how they would want undo to behave. Based on these findings, various recommendations are made for how undo ought to be implemented in multi-user CAD. These include recommendations regarding the user experience/user interface as well as proposing an equation that seeks to quantify whether a user expects to share an undo stack with another user or if they should only be able to undo their own actions.
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Hepworth, Ammon Ikaika. "Conflict Management and Model Consistency in Multi-user CAD." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5586.
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The NSF Center for e-Design, Brigham Young University (BYU) site has re-architected Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools, enabling multiple users to concurrently create, modify and view the same CAD part or assembly. This technology allows engineers, designers and manufacturing personnel to simultaneously contribute to the design of a part or assembly in real time,enabling parallel work environments within the CAD system. Multi-user systems are only as robust and efficient as their methods for managing conflicts and preserving model consistency. Conflicts occur in multi-user CAD when multiple users interoperate with the same or dependent geometry. Some conflicts can lead to model inconsistencies which means that each user's instance of the model are not identical. Other conflicts cause redundant work or waste in the design process. This dissertation presents methods to avoid and resolve conflicts which lead to model inconsistency and waste in the design process. The automated feature reservation method is presented which prevents multiple users from simultaneously editing the same feature, thus avoiding conflicts. In addition, a method is also presented which ensures that copies of the model stay consistent between distributed CAD clients by enforcing modeling operations to occur in the same order on all the clients. In cases of conflict, the conflicting operations are preserved locally for manual resolution by the user. An efficient model consistency method is presented which provides consistent references to the topological entities in a CAD model, ensuring operations are applied consistently on all models. An integrated task management system is also presented which avoids conflicts related to varying user design intent. Implementations and results of each method are presented. Results show that the methods effectively manage conflicts and ensure model consistency, thus providing a solution for a robust multi-user CAD system.
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Bowman, Kelly Eric. "Neutral Parametric Database, Server, Logic Layers, and Clients to Facilitate Multi-EngineerSynchronous Heterogeneous CAD." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5656.
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Engineering companies are sociotechnical systems in which engineers, designers, analysts, etc. use an array of software tools to follow prescribed product-development processes. The purpose of these amalgamated systems is to develop new products as quickly as possible while maintaining quality and meeting customer and market demands. Researchers at Brigham Young University have shortened engineering design cycle times through the development and use of multiengineer synchronous (MES) CAD tools. Other research teams have shortened design cycle-times by extending seamless interoperability across heterogeneous design tools and domains. Seamless multi-engineer synchronous heterogeneous (MESH) CAD environments is the focus of this dissertation. An architecture that supports both MES collaboration and interoperability is defined, tested for robustness, and proposed as the start of a new standard for interoperability. An N-tiered architecture with four layers is used. These layers are data storage, server communication, business logic, and client. Perhaps the most critical part of the architecture is the new neutral parametric database (NPDB) standard which can generically store associative CAD geometry from heterogeneous CAD systems. A practical application has been developed using the architecture which demonstrates design and modeling interoperability between Siemens NX, PTC's Creo, and Dassault Systemes CATIA CAD applications; Interoperability between Siemens' NX and Dassault Systemes' CATIA are specifically outlined in this dissertation. The 2D point, 2D line, 2D arc, 2D circle, 2D spline, 3D point, extrude, and revolve features have been developed. Complex models have successfully been modeled and exchanged in real time across heterogeneous CAD clients and have validated this approach for MESH CAD collaboration.
4
French, David James. "Understanding and Addressing Collaboration Challenges for the Effective Use of Multi-User CAD." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6229.
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Multi-user computer-aided design (CAD) is an emerging technology that promises to facilitate collaboration, enhance product quality, and reduce product development lead times by allowing multiple engineers to work on the same design at the same time. The BYU site of the NSF Center for e-Design has developed advanced multi-user CAD prototypes that have demonstrated the feasibility and value of this technology. Despite the possibilities that this software opens up for enhanced collaboration, there are now a new variety of challenges and opportunities to understand and address. For multi-user CAD to be used effectively in a modern engineering environment, it is necessary to understand and address both human and technical collaboration challenges. The purpose of this dissertation is to understand and address these challenges. Two studies were performed to better understand the human side of engineering collaboration: (1) engineers from multiple companies were interviewed to assess the collaboration challenges they experience, and (2) players of the multi-player game Minecraft were surveyed and studied to understand how a multi-user environment affects design collaboration. Methods were also developed to address two important technical challenges in multi-user CAD: (1) a method for detecting undo conflicts, and (2) additional methods for administering data access. This research addresses some of the important human and technical collaboration challenges in multi-user CAD. It enhances our understanding of collaboration challenges in engineering industry and how multi-user CAD will help address some of those challenges. It also enhances our understanding of how a multi-user design environment will affect design collaboration. The method developed for detecting conflicts that occur during local undo in multi-user CAD can be used to block conflicts from occurring and provide the user with some information about the cause of the conflict so they can collaborate to resolve it. The methods developed for administering data access in multi-user CAD will help protect against unauthorized access to sensitive data.
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Moncur, Robert Aaron. "Data Consistency and Conflict Avoidance in a Multi-User CAx Environment." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3675.
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This research presents a new method to preserve data consistency in a multi-user CAx environment. The new method includes three types of constraints which work by constraining and controlling both features and users across an entire multi-user CAx platform. The first type of constraint includes locking or reserving features to enable only one user at a time to edit a given feature. The second type of constraint, collaborative feature constraints, allows flexible constraining of each individual feature in a model, and the data that defines it. The third type of constraint, collaborative user constraints, allows the constraining of user permissions and user actions individually or as a group while providing as much flexibility as possible. To further present this method, mock-ups and suggested implementation guidelines are presented. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, a proof-of-concept implementation was built using the CATIA Connect multi-user CAD prototype developed at BYU. Using this implementation usage examples are provided to show how this method provides important tools that increase collaborative capabilities to a multi-user CAx system. By using the suggested method design teams will be able to better control how their data is used and edited, maintaining better data consistency and preventing data conflict and data misuse.
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Winn, Joshua D. "Integration of Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games Client-Server Architectures with Collaborative Multi-User Engineering CAx Tools." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6209.
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This research presents a new method for integrating client server architectures that are used for the development of Massive Online Role Playing Games (MMORPG) into multi-user engineering software tools. The new method creates a new architecture named CAx Connect by changing the client-pull-server communication pipeline to a server-push-client communication pipeline, effectively reducing the amount of bandwidth consumed and allowing these tools to utilize multiple server processors for complex calculations. This method was used on the new NX Connect multi-user CAx prototype developed at BYU. The new method provides a road map to further implement this architecture and its services into additional multi-user CAx tools. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this technology, a prototype architecture was built to provide a front end service, a message relay service, and a database insertion service, which were integrated into the current architecture. The front end service provides load balancing of clients, while the feature administration service passes messages throughout the architecture. The database insertion service inserts features passed from the NX Connect client into the database. The results show that this architecture is more efficient and that a scalable architecture was created, successfully demonstrating the integration of this architecture with multi-user CAx tools.
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Webster, Kasey Johnson. "Using STAR-CCM+ to Evaluate Multi-User Collaboration in CFD." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6094.
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The client-server architecture of STAR-CCM+ allows multiple users to collaborate on a simulation set-up. The effectiveness of collaboration with this architecture is tested and evaluated on five models. The testing of these models is a start to finish set-up of an entire simulation excluding computational time for generating mesh and solving the solution. The different models have distinct differences which test every operation that would be used in a general CFD simulation. These tests focus on reducing the time spent preparing the geometry to be meshed, including setting up for a conformal mesh between multiple regions in conjugate heat transfer models. Results from these five tests show a maximum speed up of 36%.
8
Stone, Brett Randall. "Maximizing Virtual MUCAx Engineering Design Team Performance." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6234.
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Teams of design engineers are increasingly working as members of virtual teams, or teams whose members are distributed geographically and communicate mostly through electronic means. In addition, emerging multi-user (MU) applications engage complementary teams in synchronous design activities. These new MU tools are changing the way engineers work together. Together, these factors have created a new and interesting environment in which engineering design teams must function. The work presented here lays out two major themes that teams and their managers can effectively apply to organizing and managing MU teams: 1) teams can maximize their potential productivity by determining the optimal number of teammates for a given modeling effort and by implementing a profile and team formation system based on the principle of optimizing complementary team member characteristics; and 2) to minimize process losses, teams can implement effective strategies for working in a MU and/or virtual setting and they can use novel new MU tools that address portions of the product development process that have previously not been addressed with such tools. It is my hope that these contributions can enable greater effectiveness and productivity among virtual engineering design teams as they strive to remedy many of the most pressing and dire issues facing humanity. By improving the way we work together, we can increase our ability to bless all of God's children.
9
Eves, Keenan Louis. "A Comparative Analysis of Computer-Aided Collaborative Design Tools and Methods." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7253.
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Collaboration has always been critical to the success of new product development teams, and the advent of geographically dispersed teams has significantly altered the way that team members interact. Multi-user computer-aided design (MUCAD) and crowdsourcing are two results of efforts to enable collaboration between geographically dispersed individuals. In this research, a study was done to investigate the differences in performance between MUCAD and single-user CAD teams, in which teams competed to create the best model of a hand drill. This was done across a three-day period to recreate the scenario found in industry. It was found that MUCAD increases awareness of teammates' activities and increases communication between team members. Different sources of frustration for single-user and multi-user teams were identified, as well as differing patterns of modeling style. These findings demonstrate that MUCAD software has significant potential to improve team collaboration and performance. A second study explored a number of potentially significant factors in MUCAD team performance, including leadership, design style, unfamiliar parts, knowledge transfer, individual experience, and team composition. In this study, teams of undergraduate mechanical engineering students worked together to complete tasks using NXConnect, a MUCAD plugin for NX developed at Brigham Young University. A primary finding was that having an appointed leader for a MUCAD team improves performance, in particular when that leader works with the team in creating the CAD model. It was also found that creating a framework to aid in organizing and coordinating the creation of the CAD model may decrease the time required for completion. In the final study, the possibility of using crowdsourcing to complete complex product design tasks was explored. In this study, a process for crowdsourcing complex product design tasks was developed, as well as a website to act as the platform for testing this process. A crowd consisting of engineering and technology students then worked together on the website to design a frisbee tracking device. The crowd was able to collaborate to accomplish some detailed product design tasks, but was not able to develop a complete product. Major findings include the need for more formal leadership and crowd organization, the need for better decision making mechanisms, and the need for a better model for engaging crowd members on a consistent basis. It was also found that crowd members had a greater willingness to pay for the product they developed than individuals who had not worked on the project. Results also show that although crowd members were often frustrated with the collaboration process, they enjoyed being able to work with a large group of people on a complex project.
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Freeman, Robert Steven. "Neutral Parametric Canonical Form for 2D and 3D Wireframe CAD Geometry." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5688.
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The challenge of interoperability is to retain model integrity when different software applications exchange and interpret model data. Transferring CAD data between heterogeneous CAD systems is a challenge because of differences in feature representation. A study by the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) performed in 1999 made a conservative estimate that inadequate interoperability in the automotive industry costs them $1 billion per year. One critical part of eliminating the high costs due to poor interoperability is a neutral format between heterogeneous CAD systems. An effective neutral CAD format should include a current-state data store, be associative, include the union of CAD features across an arbitrary number of CAD systems, maintain design history, maintain referential integrity, and support multi-user collaboration. This research has focused on extending an existing synchronous collaborative CAD software tool to allow for a neutral, current-state data store. This has been accomplished by creating a Neutral Parametric Canonical Form (NPCF) which defines the neutral data structure for many basic CAD features to enable translation between heterogeneous CAD systems. The initial architecture developed begins to define a new standard for storing CAD features neutrally. The NPCF's for many features have been implemented in a multi-user interoperability program and work between NX and CATIA CAD systems. The 2D point, 2D line, 2D arc, 2D circle, 2D spline, 3D point, extrude, and revolve NPCF's will be specifically defined. Complex models have successfully been modeled and exchanged in real time and have validated the NPCF approach. Multiple users can be in the same part at the same time in different CAD systems and create and update models in real time.
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Marshall, Felicia Diane. "Model Decomposition and Constraints to Parametrically Partition Design Space in a Collaborative CAx Environment." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3184.
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An industry survey was conducted to collect information on current collaboration methods and project management and communication structures. The results, along with other design collaboration philosophies, were used to develop a method of coordinating users in a multi-user design space. These thesis methods will regulate collaboration and avoid user collisions in the same model space, either by cooperative interaction or by spatial decomposition with regional blocking. The method partitions the design space by integrating a graphical user interface tool into the engineering application used to define and assign the necessary tasks of the project. A simple implementation of this method proved that it is usable by multiple users, is faster to setup than simple written instructions, and helps to coordinate users to work together efficiently. To enable some of the key capabilities of the method, modern Computer-Aided application (CAx) architecture would need to be revised with multiple users in mind. One constraint example would be to partition the design space geometrically with visible boundaries between user-assigned areas. Current CAx architectures have some selection filtering capability that can be based on mathematical constraint boundaries, but are not designed to globally filter selection and are not very useful in their limited form. A simple solution to working around this limitation has not been found.
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Staves, Daniel Robert. "Associative CAD References in the Neutral Parametric Canonical Form." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6222.
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Due to the multiplicity of computer-aided engineering applications present in industry today, interoperability between programs has become increasingly important. A survey conducted among top engineering companies found that 82% of respondents reported using 3 or more CAD formats during the design process. A 1999 study by the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) estimated that inadequate interoperability between the OEM and its suppliers cost the US automotive industry over $1 billion per year, with the majority spent fixing data after translations. The Neutral Parametric Canonical Form (NPCF) prototype standard developed by the NSF Center for e-Design, BYU Site offers a solution to the translation problem by storing feature data in a CAD-neutral format to offer higher-fidelity parametric transfer between CAD systems. This research has focused on expanding the definitions of the NPCF to enforce data integrity and to support associativity between features to preserved design intent through the neutralization process. The NPCF data structure schema was defined to support associativity while maintaining data integrity. Neutral definitions of new features was added including multiple types of coordinate systems, planes and axes. Previously defined neutral features were expanded to support new functionality and the software architecture was redefined to support new CAD systems. Complex models have successfully been created and exchanged by multiple people in real-time to validated the approach of preserving associativity and support for a new CAD system, PTC Creo, was added.
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Ryskamp, Jordan David. "Developing Intelligent Engineering Collaboration Tools Through the use of Design Rationale." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2428.
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This thesis presents a new method that improves upon the existing approaches to developing collaborative tools. The new method uses automatically inferred and manually recorded design rationale to intelligently filter the information that is shared by a collaborative tool. This represents an improvement upon the existing state of the art in collaborative engineering tools. To demonstrate the viability of the method three collaborative tools were created. The first is a multi-user collaborative design environment tool named SimulPart and built upon the NX CAD package. SimulPart uses the new method to limit the amount of communication required to keep every user in synch during a multi-user co-design session. The second implementation is a visual history tool named VisiHistory that allows designers to watch time lapse videos of the creation of a design that are automatically generated using the new method. The final tool is an intelligent user directory named SmartHelp that uses the new method to allow designers to identify which of their peers have expertise in certain CAD operations. Validation was performed for each of these tools by benchmarking the tool against the leading commercial solution or industry process. The results of the validation showed that the new method does in fact offer a superior collaborative solution as it outperforms the existing tools and methods in several key collaborative metrics. As a result of this work future efforts are encouraged into both improving upon the quality of the inferred design rationale and increasing the functionality of the three tools created using the new method.
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Shumway, Devin James. "Hybrid State-Transactional Database for Product Lifecycle Management Features in Multi-Engineer Synchronous Heterogeneous Computer-Aided Design." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6341.
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There are many different programs that can perform Computer Aided Design (CAD). In order for these programs to share data, file translations need to occur. These translations have typically been done by IGES and STEP files. With the work done at the BYU CAD Lab to create a multi-engineer synchronous heterogeneous CAD environment, these translation processes have become synchronous by using a server and a database to manage the data. However, this system stores part data in a database. The data in the database cannot be used in traditional Product Lifecycle Management systems. In order to remedy this, a new database was developed that enables every edit made in a CAD part across multiple CAD systems to be stored as well as worked on simultaneously. This allows users to access every action performed in a part. Branching was introduced to the database which allows users to work on multiple configurations of a part simultaneously and reduces file save sizes for different configurations by 98.6% compared to those created by traditional CAD systems.
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Priddis, Andrew Scherbel. "Decomposition of Manufacturing Processes for Multi-User Tool Path Planning." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6251.
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Engineering activities by nature are collaborative endeavors. Single-user applications like CAD, CAE, and CAM force a strictly serial design process, which ultimately lengthens time to market. New multi-user applications such as NXConnect address the issue during the design stage of the product development process by enabling users to work in parallel. Multi-user collaborative tool path planning software addresses the same serial limitations in tool path planning, thereby decreasing cost and increasing the quality of manufacturing processes. As part complexity increases, lead times are magnified by serial workflows. Multi-user tool path planning can shorten the process planning time. But, to be effective, it must be possible to intelligently decompose the manufacturing sequence and distribute path planning assignments among several users. A new method of process decomposition is developed and described in this research. A multi-user CAM (MUCAM) prototype was developed to test the method. The decomposition process and MUCAM prototype together were used to manufacture a part to verify the method.
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Briggs, Jared Calvin. "Developing an Architecture Framework for Cloud-Based, Multi-User, Finite Element Pre-Processing." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3813.
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This research proposes an architecture for a cloud-based, multi-user FEA pre-processing system, where multiple engineers can access and operate on the same model in a parallel environment. A prototype is discussed and tested, the results of which show that a multi-user preprocessor, where all computing is done on a central server that is hosted on a high performance system, provides significant benefits to the analysis team. These benefits include a shortened preprocessing time, and potentially higher-quality models.
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YU, CI-HONG, and 余奇紘. "Reduce Antenna Algorithm for blind-CAF in multi-user beamforming system." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/d9fc92.
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碩士國立中央大學
通訊工程學系
103
In this paper﹐we introduce four concurrent adaptive filter (CAF) as CMA+DD algorithm﹐CMA+MAP algorithm﹐CMA+RSC-MAP algorithm﹐and compare their performance of bit error rate (BER) in different scenario﹐we found that CMA+RSC-MAP algorithm and CMA+SC-MAP algorithm has the best performance of bit error rate﹐but in system complexity CMA+DD algorithm is the best ﹐CMA+RSC-MAP algorithm is second ﹐CMA+SC-MAP algorithm is the worst。 So we can know CMA+RSC-MAP has the best performance of bit error rate and it system complexity is very close with CMA+DD。 The reduce antenna algorithm ﹐we propose in this paper﹐it can reduce each concurrent adaptive system complexity effectively﹐ and does not affect their performance of bit error rate﹐therefore reduce antenna algorithm resolve the problem of high complexity for concurrent adaptive filter。