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Journal articles on the topic 'Multicast Border Gateway Protocol'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Xie, J., S. Nandi, A. K. Gupta, and A. Das. "Gateway-based multicast protocol – a novel multicast protocol for mobile ad hoc networks." IEE Proceedings - Communications 152, no. 6 (2005): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-com:20045207.

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2

Kent, S., C. Lynn, and K. Seo. "Secure Border Gateway Protocol (S-BGP)." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 18, no. 4 (2000): 582–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/49.839934.

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3

GUO, Hui, and Jin-yi CHANG. "Survey on convergence problem of border gateway protocol." Journal of Computer Applications 30, no. 10 (2010): 2628–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1087.2010.02628.

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4

Mastilak, Lukas, Marek Galinski, Pavol Helebrandt, Ivan Kotuliak, and Michal Ries. "Enhancing Border Gateway Protocol Security Using Public Blockchain." Sensors 20, no. 16 (2020): 4482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20164482.

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Communication on the Internet consisting of a massive number of Autonomous Systems (AS) depends on routing based on Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Routers generally trust the veracity of information in BGP updates from their neighbors, as with many other routing protocols. However, this trust leaves the whole system vulnerable to multiple attacks, such as BGP hijacking. Several solutions have been proposed to increase the security of BGP routing protocol, most based on centralized Public Key Infrastructure, but their adoption has been relatively slow. Additionally, these solutions are open to attack on this centralized system. Decentralized alternatives utilizing blockchain to validate BGP updates have recently been proposed. The distributed nature of blockchain and its trustless environment increase the overall system security and conform to the distributed character of the BGP. All of the techniques based on blockchain concentrate on inspecting incoming BGP updates only. In this paper, we improve on these by modifying an existing architecture for the management of network devices. The original architecture adopted a private blockchain implementation of HyperLedger. On the other hand, we use the public blockchain Ethereum, more specifically the Ropsten testing environment. Our solution provides a module design for the management of AS border routers. It enables verification of the prefixes even before any router sends BGP updates announcing them. Thus, we eliminate fraudulent BGP origin announcements from the AS deploying our solution. Furthermore, blockchain provides storage options for configurations of edge routers and keeps the irrefutable history of all changes. We can analyze router settings history to detect whether the router advertised incorrect information, when and for how long.

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5

Agarwal, Arushi, and Ayushi Pandey. "Reducing convergence time along with improvement in path service quality of border gateway protocol." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.31 (2018): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.31.13441.

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Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an exterior gateway routing protocol used between various autonomous systems across the internet. BGP helps in selecting the best route for the transmission of data among the users. The transmission policy followed by BGP should be such that it should increase BGP routing performances. This work aims to reduce the convergence time of the network with the improvement of QOS (Quality of Service) in the routing of Border Gateway Protocol. Our results show that we can obtain a reduced framework environment which has a best routing path with better energy and quality, along with reduction in convergence time.

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6

Zhao, Chen, Bin Sun, Yi-xian Yang, and Yan Yang. "A Lightweight Mechanism for Border Gateway Protocol Path Verification." Journal of Electronics & Information Technology 34, no. 9 (2013): 2167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1146.2012.00285.

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7

Smith, Bradley R., and J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves. "Efficient security mechanisms for the border gateway routing protocol." Computer Communications 21, no. 3 (1998): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-3664(97)00186-2.

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8

Chen, K., and C. Hu. "Border gateway protocol monitoring system can be cost effective." IET Communications 5, no. 15 (2011): 2231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-com.2010.0432.

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9

claffy, kc. "Border gateway protocol (BGP) and traceroute data workshop report." ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 42, no. 3 (2012): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2317307.2317313.

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10

Bonaventure, O., A. Feldmann, L. Gao, T. Griffin, and Z. M. Mao. "Guest editorial - Interdomain routing and the border gateway protocol." IEEE Network 19, no. 6 (2005): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2005.1541714.

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11

Ahmed, Muhammed Zaharadeen, Aisha Hassan AbdallahHashim, Othman Omran Khalifa, and Momoh J. E. Salami. "Border Gateway Protocol to provide failover in multihoming environment." International Journal of Information Technology 9, no. 1 (2017): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41870-017-0003-1.

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12

Shukla, Shipra, and Mahesh Kumar. "Optimized MRAI Timers for Border Gateway Protocol in Large Networks." International Journal of Distributed Systems and Technologies 10, no. 4 (2019): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdst.2019100103.

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The global routing performance is essential for the services provided by the internet applications on the Internet. Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the extensively used routing protocol for the autonomous systems which constructs the internet. The reduction in convergence time is a crucial challenge for BGP. The past studies confirm that the Minimum Route Advertisement Interval (MRAI) decreases the convergence time. However, most of the approaches are focused on finding the optimum MRAI value. The techniques to implement the MRAI timers are less addressed by the researcher in compare to finding the optimum MRAI value. The implementation of reusable MRAI timers for large networks is critical at different load conditions. Therefore, this article presents the novel approach Optimized MRAI timer in a large network which reduces the convergence time. The proposed approach reduces the end-to-end delay, the number of exchanged updates message, and convergence time of BGP events and enhances the number of delivered packets in compare to related techniques.

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13

Papadopoulos, Stavros, Konstantinos Moustakas, Anastasios Drosou, and Dimitrios Tzovaras. "Border gateway protocol graph: detecting and visualising internet routing anomalies." IET Information Security 10, no. 3 (2016): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-ifs.2014.0525.

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14

Solayman, Nasser, Mohammed Badawy, and Ayman EL-SAYED. "Performance Enhancement of Border Gateway protocol for Large-Scale Autonomous." Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research 26, no. 1 (2017): 213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/mjeer.2017.63478.

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15

Seberry, Jennifer, Yi Mu, Fuchun Guo, and Tim Wellsmore. "Efficient authentication and integrity protection for the border gateway protocol." International Journal of Security and Networks 9, no. 4 (2014): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsn.2014.066179.

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16

Musril, Hari Antoni. "SIMULASI INTERKONEKSI ANTARA AUTONOMOUS SYSTEM (AS) MENGGUNAKAN BORDER GATEWAY PROTOCOL (BGP)." InfoTekJar (Jurnal Nasional Informatika dan Teknologi Jaringan) 2, no. 1 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/infotekjar.v2i1.151.

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An autonomous system (AS) is the collection of networks having the same set of routing policies. Each AS has administrative control to its own inter-domain routing policy. Computer networks consisting of a bunch of AS's with different routing will not be able to interconnecttion one another. This is causes communication in the network to be inhibited. For that we need a protocol that can connect each different AS. Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an inter-domain routing protocol i.e. between different AS that is used to exchange routing information between them. In a typical inter-network (and in the Internet) each autonomous system designates one or more routers that run BGP software. BGP routers in each AS are linked to those in one or more other AS. The ability to exchange table routing information between Autonomous System (AS) is one of the advantages BGP. BGP implements routing policies based a set of attributes accompanying each route used to pick the “shortest” path across multiple ASs, along with one or more routing policies. BGP uses an algorithm which cannot be classified as a pure "Distance Vector", or pure "Link State". It is a path vector routing protocol as it defines a route as a collection of a number of AS that is passes through from source AS to destination AS. This paper discusses the implementation of the BGP routing protocol in the network that have different AS in order to interconnect. Its application using Packet Tracer 7.0 software for prototyping and simulating network. So that later can be applied to the actual network. Based on experiments that have been carried out, the BGP routing protocol can connect two routers that have different autonomous system.

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17

Azhari, Muhammad Ikhsan, Tengku Mohd Diansyah, and Ari Usman. "PERBANDINGAN ROUTING PROTOCOL EXTERIOR BGP VERSI 4 DENGAN ROUTING INTERIOR EIGRP PADA ALGORITMA LINKSTATE MENGGUNAKAN PARAMETER PACKET LOSS." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI 3, no. 2 (2019): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.36294/jurti.v3i2.1071.

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Abstract - Computer networks very influential on the speed of transferring data from one computer to another computer by using a PC or server, in this case, the routing configuration is very influential. The best routing route selection is the solution to determine the most rapid and efficient routing, and as the best routing consideration, the researcher has examined two routings, namely BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) routing and EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) using the Cisco Paket Traccer application. After the researcher was done an experiment, the researcher gets the result of the average EIGRP delay that is 54.619 and the packet loss result between EIGRP and BGP is not available (successful packet delivery). Keywords - BGP Routing Protocol Exterior, EIGRP Interior Routing, Algorithm Link state, Packet loss Abstrak - Jaringan komputer sangat berpengaruh pada kecepatan transfer data antar satu komputer ke komputer lain baik itu pc maupun server, dalam hal ini konfigurasi routing sangat berpengaruh. Pemilihan jalur routing terbaik merupakan solusi untuk menentukan routing yang paling cepat dan efisien, dan sebagai bahan pertimbangan routing terbaik penulis meneliti dua routing yakni routing BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) dan routing EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) mengguanakan aplikasi Cisco Packet Traccer. Setelah dilakukannya percobaan yang penulis perbuat, maka didapatkan hasil dari rata-rata delay EIGRP yaitu 54,619 dan hasil dari packetloss antara EIGRP dan BGP tidak ada (pengiriman paket sukses). Kata Kunci - Routing Protocol Exterior BGP, Routing Interior EIGRP, Algoritma Link state, Packet loss.

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18

Nicholes, Martin O., and Biswanath Mukherjee. "A survey of security techniques for the border gateway protocol (BGP)." IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 11, no. 1 (2009): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/surv.2009.090105.

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19

Weitz, Konstantin, Doug Woos, Emina Torlak, Michael D. Ernst, Arvind Krishnamurthy, and Zachary Tatlock. "Scalable verification of border gateway protocol configurations with an SMT solver." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 51, no. 10 (2016): 765–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3022671.2984012.

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20

D'Ignazio, Alessio, and Emanuele Giovannetti. "ANTITRUST ANALYSIS FOR THE INTERNET UPSTREAM MARKET: A BORDER GATEWAY PROTOCOL APPROACH." Journal of Competition Law & Economics 2, no. 1 (2006): 43–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/joclec/nhl003.

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21

Shukla, Shipra, and Mahesh Kumar. "An improved energy efficient quality of service routing for border gateway protocol." Computers & Electrical Engineering 67 (April 2018): 520–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2018.02.018.

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22

Darmawan, Darmawan, and Teguh Imanto. "Analisa Link Balancing dan Failover 2 Provider Menggunakan Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Pada Router Cisco 7606s." Jurnal Nasional Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi 3, no. 3 (2017): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/teknosi.v3i3.2017.326-333.

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Sistem link balancing dan failover merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk membagi beban traffic dari client pada beberapa koneksi internet, dapat sebagai backup/failover ketika salah satu koneksi internet mengalami gangguan. Pada perancangan sistem ini digunakan 4 buah router, yaitu terdiri dari satu router cisco 7606s yang berfungsi sebagai main gateway yang mengatur sistem failover dan link balancing menuju ke 2 buah router mikrotik RB951G 2HND sebagai jalur kedua ISP dan router mikrotik CCR1036-12G-4S sebagai gateway dari FTP server. Tiap router tersebut memiliki Autonomus System Number yang berbeda yang saling berkomunikasi menggunakan routing Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Dari hasil pengujian penggunaan link balancing dengan besar bandwidth 10 mb/s, didapatkan throughput 794 KB/s, sedangkan yang tidak menggunakan link balancing dengan bandwidth sebesar 20 mb/s, didapatkan nilai throughput hanya 136 KB/s. Penggunaan link balancing dapat memanfaatkan besar bandwidth yang ada dan meningkatkan throughput, dibandingkan tidak menggunkan link balancing. Pada pengujian delay, menggunakan link balancing hanya delay 1.24 ms, sedangkan tidak menggunakan metode link balancing mencapai 8.19 ms. Nilai latency didapatkan 12 ms untuk menggunakan link balancing sedangkan tidak menggunkan metode link balancing mencapai 1896 ms.

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23

Devikar, Rohit Nilkanth, D. V. Patil, and V. Chandraprakash. "Study of BGP Convergence Time." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 1 (2016): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i1.8106.

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Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), a path vector routing protocol, is a widespread exterior gateway protocol (EGP) in the internet. Extensive deployment of the new technologies in internet, protocols need to have continuous improvements in its behavior and operations. New routing technologies conserve a top level of service availability. Hence, due to topological changes, BGP needs to achieve a fast network convergence. Now a days size of the network growing very rapidly. To maintain the high scalability in the network BGP needs to avoid instability. The instability and failures may cause the network into an unstable state, which significantly increases the network convergence time. This paper summarizes the various approaches like BGP policies, instability, and fault detection etc. to improve the convergence time of BGP.

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24

Devikar, Rohit Nilkanth, D. V. Patil, and V. Chandraprakash. "Study of BGP Convergence Time." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 1 (2016): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i1.pp413-420.

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Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), a path vector routing protocol, is a widespread exterior gateway protocol (EGP) in the internet. Extensive deployment of the new technologies in internet, protocols need to have continuous improvements in its behavior and operations. New routing technologies conserve a top level of service availability. Hence, due to topological changes, BGP needs to achieve a fast network convergence. Now a days size of the network growing very rapidly. To maintain the high scalability in the network BGP needs to avoid instability. The instability and failures may cause the network into an unstable state, which significantly increases the network convergence time. This paper summarizes the various approaches like BGP policies, instability, and fault detection etc. to improve the convergence time of BGP.

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25

Achar, Rakesh Kumar, M. Swagath Babu, and M. Arun. "Border Gateway Protocol Performance and its Protection against Disturbed Denial of Service attack." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 8, S2 (2015): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2015/v8is2/59169.

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26

Angrish, Sumit, and Gunjan Gandhi. "Enhancement in Path Diversity Technique in Inter Domain Routing Using Border Gateway Protocol." International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 11, no. 1 (2014): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v11p203.

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27

Achar, Rakesh Kumar, Swagath Babu M, and Arun Dr. M. "Border Gateway Protocol Performance and Its Protection against Disturbed Denial of Service Attack." Bonfring International Journal of Research in Communication Engineering 4, no. 1 (2014): 05–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/bijrce.10345.

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28

Marcus, Ronald David, and Eleazar Tfuakani. "Perancangan Jaringan Skala Besar dengan Menggunakan Metode Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Berbasis Mikrotik." Briliant: Jurnal Riset dan Konseptual 4, no. 3 (2019): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.28926/briliant.v4i3.361.

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Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang Routing Protocol menggunakan virtual microphones dan winbox sebagai alat untuk membuat BGP serta membuat konektivitas dan komunikasi antar jaringan. Desainnya adalah untuk mempelajari kinerja jaringan komputer, studi kasus di Universitas Merdeka Malang untuk meningkatkan layanan internet melalui manajemen jaringan internal. Metode yang digunakan oleh metode protokol routing antara sistem otonom. BGP memiliki pertukaran data atau informasi dengan jaringan yang diperoleh oleh sistem BGP itu sendiri dan dapat memperoleh informasi yang sudah terdaftar dalam sistem otonom (AS). Hasil studi pabrikan virtual ini memberikan gambaran umum untuk membuat jaringan protokol perutean BGP dan meminimalkan biaya yang sangat mahal karena BGP dapat mengurutkan tujuan pengguna di dalam negeri dan luar negeri dengan jalur berbeda di jaringan yang sama.

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29

Baggan, Vidhu, Devendra Prasad, and Prabhjot Kaur. "Fast Network Path Restoration Through Modified Finite State Machine Model in Border Gateway Protocol." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 16, no. 10 (2019): 4394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2019.8531.

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The interminable Internet Connectivity is imperative for the present style of living and the swelling size of network traffic has kindled challenges for establishing a no jitter network. The twists of Routing Protocols and underlying mechanisms were undercover and need to be explored enough. In this paper, we review various dimensions of existing Network Path Restoration mechanisms and proposed a modification in the connection establishment process of Exterior Routing Protocol for quick network path restoration. The de-facto Routing Protocol for inter-autonomous systems is the Border Gateway Routing Protocol (BGP). The connection establishment process of BGP must be modified for the quick recovery from a link failure in a network. The need for TCP/IP, 3 ways handshake process during connection re-establishment in BGP must be mitigated. The goal of this research paper is to design a network, for the modification of the connection establishment process of BGP.

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30

Oti, Stephen Brako, and James Ben Hayfron-Acquah. "Practical Security Approaches against Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Session Hijacking Attacks between Autonomous Systems." Journal of Computer and Communications 02, no. 08 (2014): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jcc.2014.28002.

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31

Carl, Glenn, and George Kesidis. "Large-scale testing of the Internet's Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) via topological scale-down." ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation 18, no. 3 (2008): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1371574.1371577.

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32

Zhao, Xi, Shahab S. Band, Said Elnaffar, Mehdi Sookhak, Amir Mosavi, and Ely Salwana. "The Implementation of Border Gateway Protocol Using Software-Defined Networks: A Systematic Literature Review." IEEE Access 9 (2021): 112596–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3103241.

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33

Zhang, Jun, and Fu Xiang Peng. "Routing Strategy and Quality of Service (QoS) Realization Research of Guangxi Meteorology Network." Advanced Engineering Forum 6-7 (September 2012): 919–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.6-7.919.

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Large cover area and long distance transmission are main characteristics of a meteorological communication network. A satellite communication technology has been mainly adopted in the field of meteorological communication for a long time, because an optical communication technology has become the important support technology during a new network transformation, meteorological departments establish a nationwide meteorological broadband network. The paper aims at the structure of the Guangxi meteorological broadband network, points out how to use a routing strategy which combines a border gateway protocol (BGP) with an open shortest path first interior gateway protocol (OSPF) to solve the problem of entire network routing flapping and provides a basic method to dynamically realize the quality of service (QoS) guarantee of various kinds of service data in the meteorological broadband communication network by combining meteorological data services and class based queueing (CBQ).

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34

MUKTADIR, Abu Hena Al, Kenji FUJIKAWA, Hiroaki HARAI, and Lixin GAO. "Route Advertisement Policies and Inbound Traffic Engineering for Border Gateway Protocol with Provider Aggregatable Addressing." IEICE Transactions on Communications E101.B, no. 6 (2018): 1411–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.2017ebp3213.

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35

Comer, D., P. Singh, and S. Vasudevan. "Effective border gateway protocol protection that does not require universal adoption of a public key infrastructure." IET Networks 1, no. 4 (2012): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-net.2012.0145.

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36

Devikar, Rohit Nilkanth, Dipak V. Patil, and V. Chandraprakash. "Study of BGP Convergence Time: A Survey." TELKOMNIKA Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering 16, no. 2 (2015): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/tijee.v16i2.1622.

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Border Gatway Protocol (BGP), a path vector routing protocol, is a widespread exterior gateway protocol (EGP) in the internet. Extensive deployment of the new technologies in internet, protocols need to have continuous improvements in its behavior and operations. New routing technologies conserve a top level of service availability. Hence, due to topological changes, BGP needs to achieve a fast network convergence. Now a days size of the network growing very rapidly. To maintain the high scalability in the network BGP needs to avoid instability. The instability and failures may cause the network into an unstable state, which significantly increases the network convergence time. This paper summarizes the various approaches like BGP policies, instability, and fault detection etc. to improve the convergence time of BGP.

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37

Al-Musawi, Bahaa Qasim, and Philip Branch. "Identifying Recurrence Behaviour in the Underlying BGP Traffic." International Journal of Information, Communication Technology and Applications 4, no. 1 (2018): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17972/ijicta20184142.

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The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an Internet routing protocol responsible for exchanging network reachability information between Autonomous Systems (ASes). Monitoring and mining BGP traffic are important aspects to understand and improve the stability of the Internet. However, identifying the characteristics of BGP traffic is much harder than it seems at a first glance where BGP traffic has been identified as complex, voluminous, and noisy. In this paper, we show that BGP traffic can be understood as an aggregation of oscillations of different frequencies from different ASes. Using linear and nonlinear statistical analysis, we show that BGP traffic shows recurrent behaviour. The source of this behaviour is unsynchronised periodic behaviour from a set of ASes.

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38

Ernawati, Tati, and Jemi Endrawan. "Peningkatan Kinerja Jaringan Komputer dengan Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) dan Dynamic Routing (Studi Kasus PT Estiko Ramanda)." Khazanah Informatika: Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informatika 4, no. 1 (2018): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/khif.v4i1.5656.

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39

Dundjerski, Dejan, and Milo Tomašević. "Graphical processing unit-based parallelization of the Open Shortest Path First and Border Gateway Protocol routing protocols." Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 27, no. 1 (2014): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.3223.

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40

Kriswantono, Andi, Arief Setyanto, and Suwanto Raharjo. "Kinerja Quagga Pada Routing BGP IPv6 Menggunakan Metode Dual Stack." Creative Information Technology Journal 5, no. 1 (2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24076/citec.2017v5i1.141.

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Alamat jaringan yang digunakan saat ini adalah IPv4 (Internet Protocol v4), perkembangan jaringan menuju IoT (Internet of Think) meningkatkan kebutuhan akan alamat IP (Internet Protocol. Solusi terkait masalah IP adalah dengan melakukan migrasi ke alamat IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6).Metode transisi IPv4 ke IPv6 menggunakan Dual Stack merupakan metode yang paling baik dan stabil untuk dapat diimplementasikan. Salah satu pertimbangan dari provider penyedia jasa dan jaringan internet dalam melakukan migrasi ke jaringan IPv6 adalah terkait dengan kinerja BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) yang merupakan routing pondasi terbentuknya internet. Hal ini terkait dengan besarnya rute dengan adanya IPv6 yang nantinya mengakibatkan besarnya konsumsi CPU, memori dan lamanya BGP dalam menerima table routing secara penuh (convergence). Salah satu software routing BGP yang popular dan banyak digunakan di jaringan adalah menggunakan Quagga routing. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Quagga dalam menangani 10 peer BGP IPv4 dan IPv6 menunjukkan hasil yang baik, router membutuhkan waktu 106,6 second atau kurang lebih 1 menit 7 detik dengan konsumsi CPU maksimal 18,54% dan konsumsi memori 16,45% untuk dapat menerima seluruh table routing.Kata Kunci — Ipv6, Dual Stack, Quagga, BGP routing, convergenceThe current network address is IPv4 (Internet Protocol v4), network development towards IoT (Internet of Think) increases the need for IP addresses (Internet Protocol). The solutions of IP problem are to migrate to IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6) addresses. IPv4 to IPv6 transition method using Dual Stack is the best and most stable method to implement. One of the considerations of internet service provider in migrating to IPv6 network is related to BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) performance that is the foundation routing internet connection. This is related to the magnitude of the route with the IPv6 which will result in the amount of CPU consumption, memory and the length of BGP in receiving the full table routing (convergence) One of the popular and widely used BGP routing software on the network is using Quagga routing. The results of this study show that using Quagga in handling 10 BGP IPv4 and IPv6 peers shows good results, the router takes 106.6 seconds or approximately 1 minute 7 seconds with a maximum CPU consumption of 18.54% and memory consumption of 16.45% to be able to accept all routing tables.Keywords— Ipv6, Dual Stack, Quagga, BGP routing, convergence

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Monita, Vivi, Indrarini Dyah Irawati, and Rohmat Tulloh. "Comparison of routing protocol performance on multimedia services on software defined network." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 9, no. 4 (2020): 1612–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i4.2389.

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Software defined network (SDN) is a new paradigm in network engineering, where control plane and data plane are separated. Data plane is carried out on each node, while a control plane is centrally located. In conventional networks, the planes are implemented in the firmware of the router. In this paper, we implemented multimedia services on SDN using exterior and interior routing protocols, such as open shortest path first (OSPF), border gateway protocol (BGP) and routing information protocol (RIP), measured the quality of service (QoS), and analyze the measurement results. The test results showed that the greater the background traffic provided, the smaller the throughput. Traffic on the network will be congested, so the available bandwidth is also increasingly used up so that the number of bits sent every second decrease. Mean opinion score (MOS) test results are 4 showing good categories based on ITU-T standards.

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Li, Peipei, Bin Lu, and Daofeng Li. "BGP Neighbor Trust Establishment Mechanism Based on the Bargaining Game." Information 12, no. 3 (2021): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12030110.

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The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the standard inter-domain route protocol on the Internet. Autonomous System (AS) traffic is forwarded by the BGP neighbors. In the route selection, if there are malicious or inactive neighbors, it will affect the network’s performance or even cause the network to crash. Therefore, choosing trusted and safe neighbors is an essential part of BGP security research. In response to such a problem, in this paper we propose a BGP Neighbor Trust Establishment Mechanism based on the Bargaining Game (BNTE-BG). By combining service quality attributes such as bandwidth, packet loss rate, jitter, delay, and price with bargaining game theory, it allows the AS to select trusted neighbors which satisfy the Quality of Service independently. When the trusted neighbors are forwarding data, we draw on the gray correlation algorithm to calculate neighbors’ behavioral trust and detect malicious or inactive BGP neighbors.

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Tkalec, Gordana, Iva Rosanda Žigo, and Žarka Dolinara. "Implementing a Simulation Model for the Evaluation of BGP Updates Impact on Real-Time Applications." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, no. 2 (2017): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v3i2.p105-111.

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Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the actual routing inter-domain protocol in the Internet. The size, heterogenity and changebility that characterize todays Internet put always increasing requirements on BGP performance. The research community has already reported the unwanted characteristics of BGP like low integrity and slow convergence through theoretichal analyzes andd empirical measurements. Simulations allow for more realistic and flexible experiments than the theoretichal approach and also lower costs than the measurements in real life environments. The first part of this work describe theoretically characteristics and problems related to BGP nd also expectations of the today Internet users to real time applications (like VoIP). The second part concentrates in identifying and implementing of the elements for creating an integrated simulation environment for evaluating dhe effects of slowconvergence of BGP in these applications. At last it is evaluated the created environement through some small scale simmulations that try to model the now days Internet Structure.

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Liu, Ya Ping, Zhi Hong Liu, and Shi Cong Ma. "A Novel Secure Inter-Domain Routing for Identifier/Locator Split Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 653–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.653.

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With the rapid development of the Internet, the de facto inter-domain routing protocol, Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), has become very vulnerable to many attacks. For this, several secure inter-domain protocols have been proposed, most of which are focus on addressing the issue of faking AS path, but cannot address other issues, such as violating routing policies, reachability attacks and so on. Based on the concept of identifier/locator split and routing isolation, we have proposed a secure identifier-based inter-domain Routing, SIR [, which can provide control plane security without using the high overhead mechanism. Then, we here optimize SIR and propose another secure inter-domain routing, Optimized SIR (O-SIR), which introduces a checked path table and records the path which has been checked before in each AS. We present the simulations based on the real world datasets CAIDA and compare the performance between SIR and O-SIR by different deployments and different position of attacks. The results show that O-SIR can reduce 18%-45% communication cost of verifying paths with additional below 0.1% routing table size.

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Levis, Pierre, Mohamed Boucadair, Pierrick Morand, et al. "A New Perspective for a Global QoS-based Internet." Journal of Communications Software and Systems 1, no. 1 (2017): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v1i1.314.

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Several Quality of Service (QoS) architectures and mechanisms have been proposed by standardisation bodies.However, those proposals were not always aligned with the spirit of IP networks. Furthermore, most research activities have focused to date on supporting QoS only within a singleadministrative domain. In this paper, we demonstrate that it is possible to provision QoS-enabled services that maintain the ability to easily connect any pair of users worldwide. For this purpose, we introduce the notion of Meta-QoS-Class and demonstrate its relevance for building QoS-enabled services across multiple domains. We then show how a QoS-enhanced Border Gateway Protocol (q-BGP) can be used together with Meta-QoS-Classes, for building a set of parallel Internet planes with different QoS capabilities. This concept opens up a new perspective for a global QoS-based Internet.

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Amin, Sadia, Saira Ahthasham, Aftab Ahmed Shaikh, Ahthasham Sajid, and Mirza Aamir Mehmood. "Improvement of BGP Session Maintenance." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 1, no. 2 (2012): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v1i2.77.

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In the early days, the Internet used static routes, but very quickly network administrators couldnt keep manually updating their routing tables. Later, Internet network administrator used a protocol called EGP but EGP was not scalable so BGP was introduced to solve all problems and more. BGP stands for Border Gateway Protocol and the most current version is BGP4. BGP is a routing protocol that runs on routers. BGP allows fully decentralized management of the Internet. That means, if BGP router is on the Internet, it can tell all other routers that what networks are available to everyone in the world. BGP calls each routing domain an autonomous system (AS). It selects the best path, through the Internet, by choosing the route that has to traverse the fewest autonomous systems. As BGP provides information for controlling the flow of packets between ASes, the protocol plays a critical role in Internet efficiency, reliability, and security. However, slow convergence and abnormal termination of session are major vulnerability of BGP. Simplifying BGP design complexity helps in research, for the root cause analysis of BGP. Deriving technique to prevent the loss of data, reduce the convergence time and maintaining the sessions of BGP by instantly diverting the traffic from teardown / flapped link to the backup link considering as active link. It will be a great success to achieve the goal to maintain the sessions and reduce the BGP convergence time.

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Yu, Chao, Xing Wei Wang, and Min Huang. "A BGP Fast Convergence Mechanism Based on Doubtful Path Judgment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 3067–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.3067.

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The stability of Border gateway protocol (BGP) are directly related to the performance of the Internet. However, experiments show that BGP has serious slow convergence problem and its performances cannot meet communication needs well. Thus, a BGP fast convergence mechanism based on doubtful path judgment is proposed in this paper. Firstly, by analyzing the relationships between failure paths, doubtful paths containing failure links are computed. Secondly, a policy of doubtful path validity inquiry and its corresponding messages are designed to avoid computing wrong doubtful paths while multiple links fail simultaneously. Meanwhile, in order to avoid the waste of network resources caused by the policy, a finite state machine is designed to handle nodes’ state transitions. Finally, doubtful paths are suppressed to take part in routing decisions in the stage of BGP path exploration and the fast convergence is achieved. The mechanism is implemented on the prototype system, and its validity and practicability are tested. Experiment results show that the mechanism is feasible and effective.

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Asharov, Gilad, Daniel Demmler, Michael Schapira, et al. "Privacy-Preserving Interdomain Routing at Internet Scale." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2017, no. 3 (2017): 147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popets-2017-0033.

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Abstract The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) computes routes between the organizational networks that make up today’s Internet. Unfortunately, BGP suffers from deficiencies, including slow convergence, security problems, a lack of innovation, and the leakage of sensitive information about domains’ routing preferences. To overcome some of these problems, we revisit the idea of centralizing and using secure multi-party computation (MPC) for interdomain routing which was proposed by Gupta et al. (ACM HotNets’12). We implement two algorithms for interdomain routing with state-of-the-art MPC protocols. On an empirically derived dataset that approximates the topology of today’s Internet (55 809 nodes), our protocols take as little as 6 s of topology-independent precomputation and only 3 s of online time. We show, moreover, that when our MPC approach is applied at country/region-level scale, runtimes can be as low as 0.17 s online time and 0.20 s pre-computation time. Our results motivate the MPC approach for interdomain routing and furthermore demonstrate that current MPC techniques are capable of efficiently tackling real-world problems at a large scale.

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Li, Chunxiu, Xin Li, Ke Li, et al. "Relationship-Oriented Software Defined AS-Level Fast Rerouting for Multiple Link Failures." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/838340.

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Large-scale deployments of mission-critical services have led to stringent demands on Internet routing, but frequently occurring network failures can dramatically degrade the network performance. However, Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) can not react quickly to recover from them. Although extensive research has been conducted to deal with the problem, the multiple failure scenarios have never been properly addressed due to the limit of distributed control plane. In this paper, we propose a local fast reroute approach to effectively recover from multiple link failures in one administrative domain. The principle of Software Defined Networking (SDN) is used to achieve the software defined AS-level fast rerouting. Considering AS relationships, efficient algorithms are proposed to automatically and dynamically find protection paths for multiple link failures; then OpenFlow forwarding rules are installed on routers to provide data forwarding continuity. Our approach is able to ensure applicability to ASes with flexibility and adaptability to multiple link failures, contributing toward improving the network performance. Through experimental results, we show that our proposal provides effective failure recovery and does not introduce significant control overhead to the network.

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Kong, Lingjing, and Hong Shen. "Achieving inter-domain routing security based on distributed translator trust model." Computer Science and Information Systems 12, no. 4 (2015): 1327–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis140910057k.

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To resolve the difficulties in deployment of the classic security solution S-BGP (Secure Border Gateway Protocol), the Translator Trust Model (TTM) for a new solution SE-BGP (Security Enhanced BGP) was proposed to transform the centralized deployment mode of S-BGP to distributed mode. However, the trust (attestations of routing information) translation of TTM only depends on a single hub node and this results in severe threats for the inter-domain routing system. To overcome the deficiencies of TTM, in this paper we improve TTM to Distributed TTM (DTTM) by expanding the single hub node to a set of selected multiple hub nodes; in our DTTM, the task of attestations is distributed over multiple hub nodes instead of on a single hub node. In order to make the hub nodes respond to the case of single node failures, we design a restoration mechanism to recover the network based on the neighbour-ring structure. Besides, we develop Cooperative Secure BGP (CSBGP) to realize DTTM in BGP. In comparison with SE-BGP, our experimental results show that CS-BGP achieves an improved scalability, reduced convergence time and enhanced security.

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